diff --git a/.circleci/config.yml b/.circleci/config.yml
index 0d82dfd1..a0298c0a 100644
--- a/.circleci/config.yml
+++ b/.circleci/config.yml
@@ -91,7 +91,8 @@ jobs:
             echo 'CRASHMOVER_CRASHSTORAGE_CLASS=antenna.ext.gcs.crashstorage.GcsCrashStorage' >> my.env
             docker compose run --rm ci shell ./bin/run_setup.sh
             docker compose up --detach --wait --wait-timeout=10 ci-web
-            docker compose run --rm ci shell bash -c 'cd systemtest && NGINX_TESTS=0 POST_CHECK=1 HOST=http://ci-web:8000 pytest -vv'
+            # Use -m "not aws" to select gcp and unmarked tests
+            docker compose run --rm ci shell bash -c 'cd systemtest && NGINX_TESTS=0 POST_CHECK=1 HOST=http://ci-web:8000 pytest -vv -m "not aws"'
             # remove config on last two lines
             sed '$d' -i my.env
             sed '$d' -i my.env
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 79aca7bb..a0de01f6 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -16,6 +16,26 @@ docstring-quotes = "double"
 "bin/release.py" = ["S310", "S603", "S607"]
 
 
+[tool.pytest.ini_options]
+addopts = "-rsxX --tb=native --showlocals -m 'not gcp'"
+norecursedirs = [".git", "docs", "bin"]
+testpaths = "tests/unittest/"
+
+markers = [
+    "aws: tests that require aws backends to be configured in the environment. this is the default.",
+    "gcp: tests that require gcp backends to be configured in the environment. skipped unless explicitly requested.",
+]
+
+filterwarnings = [
+    "error",
+    # Falcon currently uses cgi which is going away in python 3.13
+    "ignore:'cgi' is deprecated and slated for removal in Python 3.13:DeprecationWarning:falcon",
+    # sentry-sdk has a Falcon integration that needs some help and is currently
+    # using a thing in Falcon that kicks up a DeprecatedWarning
+    "ignore:The api_helpers module.*:falcon.util.deprecation.DeprecatedWarning",
+]
+
+
 [tool.paul-mclendahand]
 github_user = "mozilla-services"
 github_project = "antenna"
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
index 7d39a0e9..223bfabd 100644
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ b/setup.cfg
@@ -18,19 +18,6 @@ ignore =
 exclude = docs
 max-line-length = 88
 
-[tool:pytest]
-addopts = -rsxX --tb=native --showlocals
-norecursedirs = .git docs bin
-testpaths = tests/unittest/
-
-filterwarnings =
-    error
-    # Falcon currently uses cgi which is going away in python 3.13
-    ignore:'cgi' is deprecated and slated for removal in Python 3.13:DeprecationWarning:falcon
-    # sentry-sdk has a Falcon integration that needs some help and is currently
-    # using a thing in Falcon that kicks up a DeprecatedWarning
-    ignore:The api_helpers module.*:falcon.util.deprecation.DeprecatedWarning
-
 [doc8]
 max-line-length = 88
 ignore-path = docs/_build/
diff --git a/systemtest/README.rst b/systemtest/README.rst
index 3388efd4..d7dda1b3 100644
--- a/systemtest/README.rst
+++ b/systemtest/README.rst
@@ -18,7 +18,15 @@ Running tests
 In a terminal, run::
 
     $ make shell
-    app@xxx:/app$ ./systemtests/test_env.sh ENV
+    app@xxx:/app$ ./systemtest/test_env.sh ENV
+
+
+Additional arguments will be passed through to pytest. For example, if testing gcp backends, use
+pytest markers to select the tests for the configured cloud provider::
+
+    $ make shell
+    app@xxx:/app$ ./systemtest/test_env.sh ENV -m gcp  # only gcp
+    app@xxx:/app$ ./systemtest/test_env.sh ENV -m 'not aws'  # gcp and unmarked
 
 
 If you're running against ``local``, you'll need to be running antenna
diff --git a/systemtest/conftest.py b/systemtest/conftest.py
index d8d36d4c..e1b085cb 100644
--- a/systemtest/conftest.py
+++ b/systemtest/conftest.py
@@ -56,6 +56,21 @@ def posturl(config):
     return config("host", default="http://web:8000/").rstrip("/") + "/submit"
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(
+    # define these params once and reference this fixture to prevent undesirable
+    # combinations, i.e. tests marked with aws *and* gcp for pubsub+s3 or sqs+gcs
+    params=[
+        # tests that require a specific cloud provider backend must be marked with that
+        # provider, and non-default backends must be excluded by default, for example
+        # via pytest.ini's addopts, i.e. addopts = -m 'not gcp'
+        pytest.param("aws", marks=pytest.mark.aws),
+        pytest.param("gcp", marks=pytest.mark.gcp),
+    ]
+)
+def cloud_provider(request):
+    return request.param
+
+
 class GcsHelper:
     def __init__(self, bucket):
         self.bucket = bucket
@@ -141,20 +156,21 @@ def list_objects(self, prefix):
         return [obj["Key"] for obj in resp["Contents"]]
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(params=["gcs", "s3"])
-def storage_helper(config, request):
-    """Generate and returns an S3 or GCS helper using env config."""
-    configured_backend = "s3"
+@pytest.fixture
+def storage_helper(config, cloud_provider):
+    """Generate and return a storage helper using env config."""
+    actual_backend = "s3"
     if (
         config("crashmover_crashstorage_class")
         == "antenna.ext.gcs.crashstorage.GcsCrashStorage"
     ):
-        configured_backend = "gcs"
+        actual_backend = "gcs"
 
-    if configured_backend != request.param:
-        pytest.skip(f"test requires {request.param}")
+    expect_backend = "gcs" if cloud_provider == "gcp" else "s3"
+    if actual_backend != expect_backend:
+        pytest.fail(f"test requires {expect_backend} but found {actual_backend}")
 
-    if configured_backend == "gcs":
+    if actual_backend == "gcs":
         return GcsHelper(
             bucket=config("crashmover_crashstorage_bucket_name"),
         )
@@ -261,20 +277,21 @@ def list_crashids(self):
         return crashids
 
 
-@pytest.fixture(params=["pubsub", "sqs"])
-def queue_helper(config, request):
-    """Generate and returns a PubSub or SQS helper using env config."""
-    configured_backend = "sqs"
+@pytest.fixture
+def queue_helper(config, cloud_provider):
+    """Generate and return a queue helper using env config."""
+    actual_backend = "sqs"
     if (
         config("crashmover_crashpublish_class")
         == "antenna.ext.pubsub.crashpublish.PubSubCrashPublish"
     ):
-        configured_backend = "pubsub"
+        actual_backend = "pubsub"
 
-    if configured_backend != request.param:
-        pytest.skip(f"test requires {request.param}")
+    expect_backend = "pubsub" if cloud_provider == "gcp" else "sqs"
+    if actual_backend != expect_backend:
+        pytest.fail(f"test requires {expect_backend} but found {actual_backend}")
 
-    if configured_backend == "pubsub":
+    if actual_backend == "pubsub":
         return PubSubHelper(
             project_id=config("crashmover_crashpublish_project_id", default=""),
             topic_name=config("crashmover_crashpublish_topic_name", default=""),
diff --git a/systemtest/test_env.sh b/systemtest/test_env.sh
index 2c47273e..37148561 100755
--- a/systemtest/test_env.sh
+++ b/systemtest/test_env.sh
@@ -6,20 +6,15 @@
 
 # This runs the system tests. It expects the following things to exist:
 #
-# * "python3" available in PATH
+# * "pytest" available in PATH
 #
 # To run this from the root of this repository, do this:
 #
-#     $ ./tests/systemtests/run_tests.sh
-#
-# Set POSTURL to the url to post to.
-#
-# Set NONGINX=1 if you're running against a local dev environment. This
-# will skip tests that require nginx.
+#     $ ./systemtest/test_env.sh ENV
 
 set -e
 
-USAGE="Usage: test_env.sh [local|stage]"
+USAGE="Usage: test_env.sh [local|stage] [pytest args]"
 
 if [[ $# -eq 0 ]]; then
     echo "${USAGE}"
@@ -52,4 +47,4 @@ echo "NGINX_TESTS: ${NGINX_TESTS}"
 # make sure to run systemtest even if this script is called from the git root
 cd /app/systemtest
 
-pytest -vv
+pytest -vv "${@:2}"