rustc: Support Rust-specific features in -Ctarget-feature

Since the beginning of time the `-Ctarget-feature` flag on the command
line has largely been passed unmodified to LLVM. Afterwards, though, the
`#[target_feature]` attribute was stabilized and some of the names in
this attribute do not match the corresponding LLVM name. This is because
Rust doesn't always want to stabilize the exact feature name in LLVM for
the equivalent functionality in Rust. This creates a situation, however,
where in Rust you'd write:

    #[target_feature(enable = "pclmulqdq")]
    unsafe fn foo() {
        // ...
    }

but on the command line you would write:

    RUSTFLAGS="-Ctarget-feature=+pclmul" cargo build --release

This difference is somewhat odd to deal with if you're a newcomer and
the situation may be made worse with upcoming features like [WebAssembly
SIMD](#74372) which may be more
prevalent.

This commit implements a mapping to translate requests via
`-Ctarget-feature` through the same name-mapping functionality that's
present for attributes in Rust going to LLVM. This means that
`+pclmulqdq` will work on x86 targets where as previously it did not.

I've attempted to keep this backwards-compatible where the compiler will
just opportunistically attempt to remap features found in
`-Ctarget-feature`, but if there's something it doesn't understand it
gets passed unmodified to LLVM just as it was before.

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/llvm_util.rs

@@ -339,24 +339,32 @@ pub fn llvm_global_features(sess: &Session) -> Vec<String> {
         Some(_) | None => {}
     };
 
+    let filter = |s: &str| {
+        if s.is_empty() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let feature = if s.starts_with("+") || s.starts_with("-") {
+            &s[1..]
+        } else {
+            return Some(s.to_string());
+        };
+        // Rustc-specific feature requests like `+crt-static` or `-crt-static`
+        // are not passed down to LLVM.
+        if RUSTC_SPECIFIC_FEATURES.contains(&feature) {
+            return None;
+        }
+        // ... otherwise though we run through `to_llvm_feature` feature when
+        // passing requests down to LLVM. This means that all in-language
+        // features also work on the command line instead of having two
+        // different names when the LLVM name and the Rust name differ.
+        Some(format!("{}{}", &s[..1], to_llvm_feature(sess, feature)))
+    };
+
     // Features implied by an implicit or explicit `--target`.
-    features.extend(
-        sess.target
-            .features
-            .split(',')
-            .filter(|f| !f.is_empty() && !RUSTC_SPECIFIC_FEATURES.iter().any(|s| f.contains(s)))
-            .map(String::from),
-    );
+    features.extend(sess.target.features.split(',').filter_map(&filter));
 
     // -Ctarget-features
-    features.extend(
-        sess.opts
-            .cg
-            .target_feature
-            .split(',')
-            .filter(|f| !f.is_empty() && !RUSTC_SPECIFIC_FEATURES.iter().any(|s| f.contains(s)))
-            .map(String::from),
-    );
+    features.extend(sess.opts.cg.target_feature.split(',').filter_map(&filter));
 
     features
 }

src/test/ui/target-feature/rust-specific-name-no-warnings.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+// build-pass
+// only-x86
+// compile-flags: -C target-feature=+pclmulqdq
+
+fn main() {}