For performance reasons, you can no longer call html_safe! on Strings…

…. Instead, all Strings are always not html_safe?. Instead, you can get a SafeBuffer from a String by calling #html_safe, which will SafeBuffer.new(self).

  * Additionally, instead of doing concat("</form>".html_safe), you can do
    safe_concat("</form>"), which will skip both the flag set, and the flag
    check.
  * For the first pass, I converted virtually all #html_safe!s to #html_safe,
    and the tests pass. A further optimization would be to try to use
    #safe_concat as much as possible, reducing the performance impact if
    we know up front that a String is safe.

actionpack/lib/action_view.rb

@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@ module ActionView
   autoload :TestCase, 'action_view/test_case'
 end
 
-require 'action_view/erb/util'
+require 'active_support/core_ext/string/output_safety'
 require 'action_view/base'
 
+ActionView::SafeBuffer = ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer
+
 I18n.load_path << "#{File.dirname(__FILE__)}/action_view/locale/en.yml"

actionpack/lib/action_view/base.rb

@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ def initialize(view_paths = [], assigns_for_first_render = {}, controller = nil,
       @helpers = self.class.helpers || Module.new
 
       @_controller   = controller
-      @_content_for  = Hash.new {|h,k| h[k] = ActionView::SafeBuffer.new }
+      @_content_for  = Hash.new {|h,k| h[k] = ActiveSupport::SafeBuffer.new }
       @_virtual_path = nil
       self.view_paths = view_paths
     end

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/active_model_helper.rb

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 module ActionView
   class Base
-    @@field_error_proc = Proc.new{ |html_tag, instance| "<div class=\"fieldWithErrors\">#{html_tag}</div>".html_safe! }
+    @@field_error_proc = Proc.new{ |html_tag, instance| "<div class=\"fieldWithErrors\">#{html_tag}</div>".html_safe }
     cattr_accessor :field_error_proc
   end
 
@@ -86,12 +86,11 @@ def form(record_name, options = {})
         submit_value = options[:submit_value] || options[:action].gsub(/[^\w]/, '').capitalize
 
         contents = form_tag({:action => action}, :method =>(options[:method] || 'post'), :enctype => options[:multipart] ? 'multipart/form-data': nil)
-        contents << hidden_field(record_name, :id) unless record.new_record?
-        contents << all_input_tags(record, record_name, options)
+        contents.safe_concat hidden_field(record_name, :id) unless record.new_record?
+        contents.safe_concat all_input_tags(record, record_name, options)
         yield contents if block_given?
-        contents << submit_tag(submit_value)
-        contents << '</form>'
-        contents.html_safe!
+        contents.safe_concat submit_tag(submit_value)
+        contents.safe_concat('</form>')
       end
 
       # Returns a string containing the error message attached to the +method+ on the +object+ if one exists.

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb

@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ def javascript_include_tag(*sources)
         else
           sources = expand_javascript_sources(sources, recursive)
           ensure_javascript_sources!(sources) if cache
-          sources.collect { |source| javascript_src_tag(source, options) }.join("\n").html_safe!
+          sources.collect { |source| javascript_src_tag(source, options) }.join("\n").html_safe
         end
       end
 
@@ -444,7 +444,7 @@ def stylesheet_link_tag(*sources)
         else
           sources = expand_stylesheet_sources(sources, recursive)
           ensure_stylesheet_sources!(sources) if cache
-          sources.collect { |source| stylesheet_tag(source, options) }.join("\n").html_safe!
+          sources.collect { |source| stylesheet_tag(source, options) }.join("\n").html_safe
         end
       end
 
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ def video_tag(sources, options = {})
 
         if sources.is_a?(Array)
           content_tag("video", options) do
-            sources.map { |source| tag("source", :src => source) }.join.html_safe!
+            sources.map { |source| tag("source", :src => source) }.join.html_safe
           end
         else
           options[:src] = path_to_video(sources)

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/date_helper.rb

@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ def select_datetime
 
           build_selects_from_types(order)
         else
-          "#{select_date}#{@options[:datetime_separator]}#{select_time}".html_safe!
+          "#{select_date}#{@options[:datetime_separator]}#{select_time}".html_safe
         end
       end
 
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ def build_select(type, select_options_as_html)
           select_html << prompt_option_tag(type, @options[:prompt]) + "\n" if @options[:prompt]
           select_html << select_options_as_html.to_s
 
-          (content_tag(:select, select_html, select_options) + "\n").html_safe!
+          (content_tag(:select, select_html, select_options) + "\n").html_safe
         end
 
         # Builds a prompt option tag with supplied options or from default options
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@ def build_hidden(type, value)
             :id => input_id_from_type(type),
             :name => input_name_from_type(type),
             :value => value
-          }) + "\n").html_safe!
+          }) + "\n").html_safe
         end
 
         # Returns the name attribute for the input tag
@@ -896,7 +896,7 @@ def build_selects_from_types(order)
             separator = separator(type) unless type == order.first # don't add on last field
             select.insert(0, separator.to_s + send("select_#{type}").to_s)
           end
-          select.html_safe!
+          select.html_safe
         end
 
         # Returns the separator for a given datetime component
@@ -916,15 +916,15 @@ def separator(type)
 
     class InstanceTag #:nodoc:
       def to_date_select_tag(options = {}, html_options = {})
-        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_date.html_safe!
+        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_date.html_safe
       end
 
       def to_time_select_tag(options = {}, html_options = {})
-        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_time.html_safe!
+        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_time.html_safe
       end
 
       def to_datetime_select_tag(options = {}, html_options = {})
-        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_datetime.html_safe!
+        datetime_selector(options, html_options).select_datetime.html_safe
       end
 
       private

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/debug_helper.rb

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ module DebugHelper
       def debug(object)
         begin
           Marshal::dump(object)
-          "<pre class='debug_dump'>#{h(object.to_yaml).gsub("  ", "&nbsp; ")}</pre>".html_safe!
+          "<pre class='debug_dump'>#{h(object.to_yaml).gsub("  ", "&nbsp; ")}</pre>".html_safe
         rescue Exception => e  # errors from Marshal or YAML
           # Object couldn't be dumped, perhaps because of singleton methods -- this is the fallback
-          "<code class='debug_dump'>#{h(object.inspect)}</code>".html_safe!
+          "<code class='debug_dump'>#{h(object.inspect)}</code>".html_safe
         end
       end
     end

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_helper.rb

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ def form_for(record_or_name_or_array, *args, &proc)
 
         concat(form_tag(options.delete(:url) || {}, options.delete(:html) || {}))
         fields_for(object_name, *(args << options), &proc)
-        concat('</form>'.html_safe!)
+        safe_concat('</form>')
       end
 
       def apply_form_for_options!(object_or_array, options) #:nodoc:
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ def to_check_box_tag(options = {}, checked_value = "1", unchecked_value = "0")
         end
         hidden = tag("input", "name" => options["name"], "type" => "hidden", "value" => options['disabled'] && checked ? checked_value : unchecked_value)
         checkbox = tag("input", options)
-        (hidden + checkbox).html_safe!
+        (hidden + checkbox).html_safe
       end
 
       def to_boolean_select_tag(options = {})

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_options_helper.rb

@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ def options_for_select(container, selected = nil)
           options << %(<option value="#{html_escape(value.to_s)}"#{selected_attribute}#{disabled_attribute}>#{html_escape(text.to_s)}</option>)
         end
 
-        options_for_select.join("\n").html_safe!
+        options_for_select.join("\n").html_safe
       end
 
       # Returns a string of option tags that have been compiled by iterating over the +collection+ and assigning the

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/form_tag_helper.rb

@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ def field_set_tag(legend = nil, options = nil, &block)
         concat(tag(:fieldset, options, true))
         concat(content_tag(:legend, legend)) unless legend.blank?
         concat(content)
-        concat("</fieldset>".html_safe!)
+        safe_concat("</fieldset>")
       end
 
       private
@@ -474,14 +474,14 @@ def extra_tags_for_form(html_options)
 
         def form_tag_html(html_options)
           extra_tags = extra_tags_for_form(html_options)
-          (tag(:form, html_options, true) + extra_tags).html_safe!
+          (tag(:form, html_options, true) + extra_tags).html_safe
         end
 
         def form_tag_in_block(html_options, &block)
           content = capture(&block)
           concat(form_tag_html(html_options))
           concat(content)
-          concat("</form>".html_safe!)
+          safe_concat("</form>")
         end
 
         def token_tag

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/number_helper.rb

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ def number_to_currency(number, options = {})
             :precision => precision,
             :delimiter => delimiter,
             :separator => separator)
-          ).gsub(/%u/, unit).html_safe!
+          ).gsub(/%u/, unit).html_safe
         rescue
           number
         end

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/prototype_helper.rb

@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ def method_missing(method, *arguments)
       #     page.hide 'spinner'
       #   end
       def update_page(&block)
-        JavaScriptGenerator.new(@template, &block).to_s.html_safe!
+        JavaScriptGenerator.new(@template, &block).to_s.html_safe
       end
 
       # Works like update_page but wraps the generated JavaScript in a <script>

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/raw_output_helper.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ module ActionView #:nodoc:
   module Helpers #:nodoc:
     module RawOutputHelper
       def raw(stringish)
-        stringish.to_s.html_safe!
+        stringish.to_s.html_safe
       end
     end
   end

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/sanitize_helper.rb

@@ -50,11 +50,7 @@ module SanitizeHelper
       # confuse browsers.
       #
       def sanitize(html, options = {})
-        returning self.class.white_list_sanitizer.sanitize(html, options) do |sanitized|
-          if sanitized
-            sanitized.html_safe!
-          end
-        end
+        self.class.white_list_sanitizer.sanitize(html, options).try(:html_safe)
       end
 
       # Sanitizes a block of CSS code. Used by +sanitize+ when it comes across a style attribute.
@@ -77,11 +73,7 @@ def sanitize_css(style)
       #   strip_tags("<div id='top-bar'>Welcome to my website!</div>")
       #   # => Welcome to my website!
       def strip_tags(html)
-        returning self.class.full_sanitizer.sanitize(html) do |sanitized|
-          if sanitized
-            sanitized.html_safe!
-          end
-        end
+        self.class.full_sanitizer.sanitize(html).try(:html_safe)
       end
 
       # Strips all link tags from +text+ leaving just the link text.

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/tag_helper.rb

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ module TagHelper
       #   tag("img", { :src => "open & shut.png" }, false, false)
       #   # => <img src="open &amp; shut.png" />
       def tag(name, options = nil, open = false, escape = true)
-        "<#{name}#{tag_options(options, escape) if options}#{open ? ">" : " />"}".html_safe!
+        "<#{name}#{tag_options(options, escape) if options}#{open ? ">" : " />"}".html_safe
       end
 
       # Returns an HTML block tag of type +name+ surrounding the +content+. Add
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def content_tag(name, content_or_options_with_block = nil, options = nil, escape
       #   cdata_section(File.read("hello_world.txt"))
       #   # => <![CDATA[<hello from a text file]]>
       def cdata_section(content)
-        "<![CDATA[#{content}]]>".html_safe!
+        "<![CDATA[#{content}]]>".html_safe
       end
 
       # Returns an escaped version of +html+ without affecting existing escaped entities.
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def block_called_from_erb?(block)
 
         def content_tag_string(name, content, options, escape = true)
           tag_options = tag_options(options, escape) if options
-          "<#{name}#{tag_options}>#{content}</#{name}>".html_safe!
+          "<#{name}#{tag_options}>#{content}</#{name}>".html_safe
         end
 
         def tag_options(options, escape = true)
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ def tag_options(options, escape = true)
                 attrs << %(#{key}="#{final_value}")
               end
             end
-            " #{attrs.sort * ' '}".html_safe! unless attrs.empty?
+            " #{attrs.sort * ' '}".html_safe unless attrs.empty?
           end
         end
     end

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/text_helper.rb

@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ module TextHelper
       #       end
       #       # will either display "Logged in!" or a login link
       #   %>
-      def concat(string, unused_binding = nil)
-        if unused_binding
-          ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn("The binding argument of #concat is no longer needed.  Please remove it from your views and helpers.", caller)
-        end
-
+      def concat(string)
         output_buffer << string
       end
 
+      def safe_concat(string)
+        output_buffer.safe_concat(string)
+      end
+
       # Truncates a given +text+ after a given <tt>:length</tt> if +text+ is longer than <tt>:length</tt>
       # (defaults to 30). The last characters will be replaced with the <tt>:omission</tt> (defaults to "...")
       # for a total length not exceeding <tt>:length</tt>.

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module TranslationHelper
       # prepend the key with a period, nothing is converted.
       def translate(key, options = {})
         options[:raise] = true
-        I18n.translate(scope_key_by_partial(key), options).html_safe!
+        I18n.translate(scope_key_by_partial(key), options).html_safe
       rescue I18n::MissingTranslationData => e
         keys = I18n.send(:normalize_translation_keys, e.locale, e.key, e.options[:scope])
         content_tag('span', keys.join(', '), :class => 'translation_missing')

actionpack/lib/action_view/helpers/url_helper.rb

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ def url_for(options = {})
           polymorphic_path(options)
         end
 
-        escape ? escape_once(url).html_safe! : url
+        escape ? escape_once(url).html_safe : url
       end
 
       # Creates a link tag of the given +name+ using a URL created by the set
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ def link_to(*args, &block)
         if block_given?
           options      = args.first || {}
           html_options = args.second
-          concat(link_to(capture(&block), options, html_options).html_safe!)
+          safe_concat(link_to(capture(&block), options, html_options))
         else
           name         = args[0]
           options      = args[1] || {}
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ def link_to(*args, &block)
           end
 
           href_attr = "href=\"#{url}\"" unless href
-          "<a #{href_attr}#{tag_options}>#{ERB::Util.h(name || url)}</a>".html_safe!
+          "<a #{href_attr}#{tag_options}>#{ERB::Util.h(name || url)}</a>".html_safe
         end
       end
 
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ def button_to(name, options = {}, html_options = {})
         html_options.merge!("type" => "submit", "value" => name)
 
         ("<form method=\"#{form_method}\" action=\"#{escape_once url}\" #{"data-remote=\"true\"" if remote} class=\"button-to\"><div>" +
-          method_tag + tag("input", html_options) + request_token_tag + "</div></form>").html_safe!
+          method_tag + tag("input", html_options) + request_token_tag + "</div></form>").html_safe
       end