diff --git a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb
index 1cd649b2e1c04..b1e9957b492bf 100644
--- a/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb
+++ b/actionpack/lib/action_controller/failsafe.rb
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def log_failsafe_exception(exception)
       end
 
       def failsafe_logger
-        if defined? Rails && Rails.logger
+        if defined?(Rails) && Rails.logger
           Rails.logger
         else
           Logger.new($stderr)
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
index 23b7aee514e13..7ce9adec2c205 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ class LoadingModule #:nodoc:
       # Old style environment.rb referenced this method directly.  Please note, it doesn't
       # actually *do* anything any more.
       def self.root(*args)
-        if defined? Rails && Rails.logger
+        if defined?(Rails) && Rails.logger
           Rails.logger.warn "Your environment.rb uses the old syntax, it may not continue to work in future releases."
           Rails.logger.warn "For upgrade instructions please see: http://manuals.rubyonrails.com/read/book/19"
         end
diff --git a/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation.rb b/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation.rb
index f18ea197a56fa..25b26e9c96fb5 100644
--- a/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation.rb
+++ b/activesupport/lib/active_support/deprecation.rb
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ module Deprecation #:nodoc:
                          $stderr.puts callstack.join("\n  ") if debug
                        },
       'development' => Proc.new { |message, callstack|
-                         logger = defined? Rails ? Rails.logger : Logger.new($stderr)
+                         logger = defined?(Rails) ? Rails.logger : Logger.new($stderr)
                          logger.warn message
                          logger.debug callstack.join("\n  ") if debug
                        }