diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
index 25e6fed68b566..9f879494d7374 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
@@ -474,9 +474,10 @@ impl<'hir> LoweringContext<'_, 'hir> {
                         res
                     } else {
                         // Associate an HirId to both ids even if there is no resolution.
-                        self.node_id_to_hir_id.ensure_contains_elem(new_node_id, || None);
-                        debug_assert!(self.node_id_to_hir_id[new_node_id].is_none());
-                        self.node_id_to_hir_id[new_node_id] = Some(hir::HirId::make_owner(new_id));
+                        let _old = self
+                            .node_id_to_hir_id
+                            .insert(new_node_id, hir::HirId::make_owner(new_id));
+                        debug_assert!(_old.is_none());
                         continue;
                     };
                     let ident = *ident;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
index 5ec060f654090..3c75089a760f3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
@@ -469,11 +469,8 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
         let def_id = self.resolver.local_def_id(owner);
 
         // Always allocate the first `HirId` for the owner itself.
-        self.node_id_to_hir_id.ensure_contains_elem(owner, || None);
-        if let Some(_lowered) = self.node_id_to_hir_id[owner] {
-            panic!("with_hir_id_owner must not be called multiple times on owner {:?}", def_id);
-        }
-        self.node_id_to_hir_id[owner] = Some(hir::HirId::make_owner(def_id));
+        let _old = self.node_id_to_hir_id.insert(owner, hir::HirId::make_owner(def_id));
+        debug_assert_eq!(_old, None);
 
         let current_owner = std::mem::replace(&mut self.current_hir_id_owner, def_id);
         let current_local_counter =
@@ -484,8 +481,8 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
         self.current_hir_id_owner = current_owner;
         self.item_local_id_counter = current_local_counter;
 
-        self.owners.ensure_contains_elem(def_id, || None);
-        self.owners[def_id] = Some(item);
+        let _old = self.owners.insert(def_id, item);
+        debug_assert!(_old.is_none());
 
         def_id
     }
@@ -499,18 +496,13 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
     fn lower_node_id(&mut self, ast_node_id: NodeId) -> hir::HirId {
         assert_ne!(ast_node_id, DUMMY_NODE_ID);
 
-        self.node_id_to_hir_id.ensure_contains_elem(ast_node_id, || None);
-        if let Some(existing_hir_id) = self.node_id_to_hir_id[ast_node_id] {
-            existing_hir_id
-        } else {
+        *self.node_id_to_hir_id.get_or_insert_with(ast_node_id, || {
             // Generate a new `HirId`.
             let owner = self.current_hir_id_owner;
             let local_id = self.item_local_id_counter;
             self.item_local_id_counter.increment_by(1);
-            let hir_id = hir::HirId { owner, local_id };
-            self.node_id_to_hir_id[ast_node_id] = Some(hir_id);
-            hir_id
-        }
+            hir::HirId { owner, local_id }
+        })
     }
 
     fn next_id(&mut self) -> hir::HirId {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_index/src/bit_set.rs b/compiler/rustc_index/src/bit_set.rs
index aeb3f9970ab9e..5b1add4cfc611 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_index/src/bit_set.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_index/src/bit_set.rs
@@ -1072,13 +1072,9 @@ impl<R: Idx, C: Idx> SparseBitMatrix<R, C> {
     }
 
     fn ensure_row(&mut self, row: R) -> &mut HybridBitSet<C> {
-        // Instantiate any missing rows up to and including row `row` with an
-        // empty HybridBitSet.
-        self.rows.ensure_contains_elem(row, || None);
-
+        // Instantiate any missing rows up to and including row `row` with an empty HybridBitSet.
         // Then replace row `row` with a full HybridBitSet if necessary.
-        let num_columns = self.num_columns;
-        self.rows[row].get_or_insert_with(|| HybridBitSet::new_empty(num_columns))
+        self.rows.get_or_insert_with(row, || HybridBitSet::new_empty(self.num_columns))
     }
 
     /// Sets the cell at `(row, column)` to true. Put another way, insert
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_index/src/vec.rs b/compiler/rustc_index/src/vec.rs
index 246fa28d986e5..8535a7c866d96 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_index/src/vec.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_index/src/vec.rs
@@ -720,6 +720,21 @@ impl<I: Idx, T> IndexVec<I, T> {
     }
 }
 
+/// `IndexVec` is often used as a map, so it provides some map-like APIs.
+impl<I: Idx, T> IndexVec<I, Option<T>> {
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn insert(&mut self, index: I, value: T) -> Option<T> {
+        self.ensure_contains_elem(index, || None);
+        self[index].replace(value)
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn get_or_insert_with(&mut self, index: I, value: impl FnOnce() -> T) -> &mut T {
+        self.ensure_contains_elem(index, || None);
+        self[index].get_or_insert_with(value)
+    }
+}
+
 impl<I: Idx, T: Clone> IndexVec<I, T> {
     #[inline]
     pub fn resize(&mut self, new_len: usize, value: T) {