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Esoteric languages[edit]
See also: Category:Esoteric programming languages
An esoteric programming language is a programming language designed as a test of the boundaries of computer programming language design, as a proof of concept, or as a joke.

Beatnik
Befunge
Brainfuck
Chef
INTERCAL
LOLCODE
Malbolge
Piet
Shakespeare
Whitespace
Extension languages[edit]
Extension programming languages are languages embedded into another program and used to harness its features in extension scripts.

Ateji PX – an extension of the Java language for parallelism
AutoLISP (specific to AutoCAD)
CAL
C/AL(C/SIDE)
Guile
Emacs Lisp
JavaScript and some dialects (e.g. JScript)
Lua – e.g. embedded in many games
OpenCL – an extension of C and C++ to use the GPU and parallel extensions of the CPU
OptimJ – an extension of the Java programming language with language support for writing optimization models and powerful abstractions for bulk data processing
Python (embedded in Maya, Blender and other 3-D animation packages)
REXX
Ruby (Google SketchUp)
S-Lang
SQL
Squirrel
Tcl
Vim script
VBA
Windows PowerShell
Fourth-generation languages[edit]
See also: Category:4GL
Fourth-generation programming languages are high-level languages built around database systems. They are generally used in commercial environments.

ABAP
CorVision
CSC's GraphTalk
Easytrieve report generator (now CA-Easytrieve Plus)
FOCUS
IBM Informix-4GL / Aubit-4GL
LINC 4GL
MAPPER (Unisys/Sperry) – now part of BIS
MARK-IV (Sterling/Informatics) now VISION:BUILDER of CA
Progress 4GL
Revolution (not based on a database; still, the goal is to work at a higher level of abstraction than 3GLs)
SAS
Ubercode (VHLL, or Very High Level Language)
Uniface
Visual DataFlex
Visual FoxPro
xBase