Feature_Scaling.ipynb

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      "source": [
        "# Feature Scaling\n",
        "\n",
        "* StandardScaler\n",
        "* RobustScaler\n",
        "* MinMaxScaler"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "AeMti10-ePuJ"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Import Necessary Libraries"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "L0tXcmTPegfM"
      }
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    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "execution_count": 3,
      "metadata": {
        "id": "vhg8yCVgeD-6"
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      "source": [
        "import numpy as np\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "import seaborn as sns\n",
        "from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler, RobustScaler, MinMaxScaler\n",
        "pd.set_option(\"display.max_columns\", None)\n",
        "pd.set_option(\"display.max_rows\", None)\n",
        "pd.set_option(\"display.width\", 500)\n",
        "pd.set_option(\"display.float_format\", lambda x: \"%.3f\" % x)\n",
        "import warnings\n",
        "warnings.filterwarnings(\"ignore\")"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Import Dataset"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "w_riffHlerF8"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "titanic = sns.load_dataset(\"titanic\")\n",
        "df = titanic.copy()\n",
        "df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "CbiK9-7FeoKo",
        "outputId": "e69de9ac-052f-4194-a3fd-7c6d6611646f"
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      "execution_count": 2,
      "outputs": [
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          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex    age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male 22.000      1      0  7.250        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female 38.000      1      0 71.283        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female 26.000      0      0  7.925        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female 35.000      1      0 53.100        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male 35.000      0      0  8.050        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>7.925</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "      <td>35.000</td>\n",
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              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
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              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>35.000</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.050</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 14.526497332334042,\n        \"min\": 0.42,\n        \"max\": 80.0,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0.75,\n          22.0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 49.6934285971809,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 512.3292,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          11.2417,\n          51.8625\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 2
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# StandardScaler\n",
        "\n",
        "(Xi - Xmean) / Xstd"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iiKcKOOteyRl"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Example of Formula\n",
        "(df[\"age\"][0] - df[\"age\"].mean()) / (df[\"age\"].std())"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "goya47r7yKAW",
        "outputId": "9bcb8aa4-f534-4eb6-f878-7eeaeae4510b"
      },
      "execution_count": 59,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "-0.5300050983330725"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 59
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def standard_scaler(dataframe, num_col):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  ss = StandardScaler()\n",
        "  temp_df[num_col] = ss.fit_transform(temp_df[[num_col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HpwcOrdUiUy9"
      },
      "execution_count": 27,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = standard_scaler(df, \"age\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "XJwnR-HzjXsq"
      },
      "execution_count": 28,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "o2OXoDqGjmj0",
        "outputId": "56b285e1-2f05-4cd3-be9a-f32f2cdfbda9"
      },
      "execution_count": 29,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex    age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male -0.530      1      0  7.250        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female  0.572      1      0 71.283        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female -0.255      0      0  7.925        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female  0.365      1      0 53.100        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male  0.365      0      0  8.050        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
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              "      <th>survived</th>\n",
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              "      <th>who</th>\n",
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              "      <th>0</th>\n",
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              "      <td>7.250</td>\n",
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              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
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              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.572</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.283</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cherbourg</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>-0.255</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.925</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.365</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.100</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.365</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.050</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>no</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
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              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-cce4092c-736c-4730-8b7c-036a2016f71c')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
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              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
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              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
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              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
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              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
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              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
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              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
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              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
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              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
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              "\n",
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              "        document.querySelector('#df-cce4092c-736c-4730-8b7c-036a2016f71c button.colab-df-convert');\n",
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              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
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              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-cce4092c-736c-4730-8b7c-036a2016f71c');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
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              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
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              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
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              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
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              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "    20% {\n",
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              "    }\n",
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              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-d812b736-09a5-4937-b137-556b437cea21 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1.000701016559981,\n        \"min\": -2.0169791879680417,\n        \"max\": 3.4651260350566906,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -1.9942461555026214,\n          -0.5303766406838785\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 49.6934285971809,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 512.3292,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          11.2417,\n          51.8625\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 29
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def grab_col_names(dataframe, cat_th=10, car_th=20):\n",
        "    cat_cols = [col for col in dataframe.columns if str(dataframe[col].dtypes) in [\"category\", \"object\", \"bool\"]]\n",
        "    num_but_cat = [col for col in dataframe.columns if dataframe[col].nunique() < cat_th and dataframe[col].dtypes in [\"uint8\", \"int64\", \"float64\"]]\n",
        "    cat_but_car = [col for col in dataframe.columns if dataframe[col].nunique() > car_th and str(dataframe[col].dtypes) in [\"category\", \"object\"]]\n",
        "    cat_cols = cat_cols + num_but_cat\n",
        "    cat_cols = [col for col in cat_cols if col not in cat_but_car]\n",
        "\n",
        "    num_cols = [col for col in dataframe.columns if dataframe[col].dtypes in [\"uint8\", \"int64\", \"float64\"]]\n",
        "    num_cols = [col for col in num_cols if col not in cat_cols]\n",
        "\n",
        "    return cat_cols, num_cols, cat_but_car, num_but_cat"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "aYDjDUfSjpaq"
      },
      "execution_count": 30,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "cat_cols, num_cols, cat_but_car, num_but_cat = grab_col_names(df)\n",
        "print(f\"observations: {df.shape[0]}\")\n",
        "print(f\"variables: {df.shape[1]}\")\n",
        "print(f\"cat_cols: {len(cat_cols)}\")\n",
        "print(f\"num_cols: {len(num_cols)}\")\n",
        "print(f\"cat_but_car: {len(cat_but_car)}\")\n",
        "print(f\"num_but_cat: {len(num_but_cat)}\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "AGyGWNF5kqyZ",
        "outputId": "55fd029e-f1ca-4f6b-c404-23a4b3472c07"
      },
      "execution_count": 31,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "observations: 891\n",
            "variables: 15\n",
            "cat_cols: 13\n",
            "num_cols: 2\n",
            "cat_but_car: 0\n",
            "num_but_cat: 4\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def standard_scaler_dataframe(dataframe):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  ss = StandardScaler()\n",
        "  cat_cols, num_cols, cat_but_car, num_but_cat = grab_col_names(dataframe)\n",
        "  for col in num_cols:\n",
        "    temp_df[col] = ss.fit_transform(temp_df[[col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "CH1m6Cb3ktvy"
      },
      "execution_count": 32,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = standard_scaler_dataframe(df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BLhIRYzmlDEC"
      },
      "execution_count": 33,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "7GWjfpVSlFc6",
        "outputId": "0ec1520f-0a72-479a-d37c-619c78166a2b"
      },
      "execution_count": 34,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex    age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male -0.530      1      0 -0.502        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female  0.572      1      0  0.787        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female -0.255      0      0 -0.489        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female  0.365      1      0  0.421        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male  0.365      0      0 -0.486        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
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              "      <td>-0.502</td>\n",
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              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
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              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.572</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.787</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cherbourg</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>-0.255</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-0.489</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
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              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "      <th>3</th>\n",
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              "      <td>0.365</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0.421</td>\n",
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              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.365</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-0.486</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>no</td>\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
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              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
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              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
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              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
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              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-ec1fac9a-d533-4305-ab6a-0680e9e02be7 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
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              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-ec1fac9a-d533-4305-ab6a-0680e9e02be7');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
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              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
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              "\n",
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              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-d0bb2a22-e92d-44f6-bcde-3cfcdf86c927')\"\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
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              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
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              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
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              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
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              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
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              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
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              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
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              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-d0bb2a22-e92d-44f6-bcde-3cfcdf86c927 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
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              "</div>\n",
              "\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1.000701016559981,\n        \"min\": -2.0169791879680417,\n        \"max\": 3.4651260350566906,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -1.9942461555026214,\n          -0.5303766406838785\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1.0005616400330457,\n        \"min\": -0.6484216535389205,\n        \"max\": 9.667166525013505,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -0.42207354059350805,\n          0.395813560675251\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 34
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# RobustScaler\n",
        "\n",
        "(Xi - Xmedian) / Xiqr\n",
        "\n",
        "Xiqr = X75 - X25"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "iqjtagpWuW3A"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Examle of Formula\n",
        "(df[\"age\"][0] - df[\"age\"].median()) / (df[\"age\"].quantile(0.75) - df[\"age\"].quantile(0.25))"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "yFDqxU4pyYai",
        "outputId": "fa6be431-f9ad-412d-d5bb-4d99f57d7cf9"
      },
      "execution_count": 65,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "-0.3356643356643357"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 65
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def robust_scaler(dataframe, num_col):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  rs = RobustScaler()\n",
        "  temp_df[num_col] = rs.fit_transform(temp_df[[num_col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1D9K5RFtvgug"
      },
      "execution_count": 47,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = robust_scaler(df, \"age\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IDmwONRRvVVL"
      },
      "execution_count": 48,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "nYYzWQGcv_wL",
        "outputId": "c664add7-17c8-47d7-871d-5963a21a2001"
      },
      "execution_count": 49,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex    age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male -0.336      1      0  7.250        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female  0.559      1      0 71.283        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female -0.112      0      0  7.925        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female  0.392      1      0 53.100        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male  0.392      0      0  8.050        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
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              "      <td>C</td>\n",
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              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>-0.112</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.925</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "      <td>0.392</td>\n",
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              "      <td>8.050</td>\n",
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              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "        document.querySelector('#df-6e8bd340-d456-4503-afda-5070e883354f button.colab-df-convert');\n",
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              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
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              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-6e8bd340-d456-4503-afda-5070e883354f');\n",
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              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
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              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
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              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
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              "\n",
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            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0.8126711794312751,\n        \"min\": -1.542937062937063,\n        \"max\": 2.909090909090909,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -1.5244755244755244,\n          -0.3356643356643357\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 49.6934285971809,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 512.3292,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          11.2417,\n          51.8625\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 49
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def robust_scaler_dataframe(dataframe):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  rs = RobustScaler()\n",
        "  cat_cols, num_cols, cat_but_car, num_but_cat = grab_col_names(dataframe)\n",
        "  for col in num_cols:\n",
        "    temp_df[col] = rs.fit_transform(temp_df[[col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QvCzjmIfwAzx"
      },
      "execution_count": 53,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = robust_scaler_dataframe(df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "plYo-dNVw4nW"
      },
      "execution_count": 54,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "0whwVUSyw7FM",
        "outputId": "a6848cec-be0f-4202-fc53-01ced755e038"
      },
      "execution_count": 52,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex    age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male -0.336      1      0 -0.312        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female  0.559      1      0  2.461        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female -0.112      0      0 -0.283        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female  0.392      1      0  1.674        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male  0.392      0      0 -0.277        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
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              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
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            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0.8126711794312751,\n        \"min\": -1.542937062937063,\n        \"max\": 2.909090909090909,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -1.5244755244755244,\n          -0.3356643356643357\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 2.152199630880608,\n        \"min\": -0.6260047813734322,\n        \"max\": 21.56273820248077,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          -0.13913190354098817,\n          1.6201363384380845\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 52
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# MinMaxScaler\n",
        "\n",
        "y = (Xi — Xmin) / (Xmax - Xmin)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RhhcK5dsy6HI"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Example of Formula\n",
        "(df[\"age\"][0] - df[\"age\"].min()) / (df[\"age\"].max() - df[\"age\"].min())"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "yXwLemjfw8RK",
        "outputId": "53edd8a4-0f31-436e-e4d4-a5eaf9e8112e"
      },
      "execution_count": 69,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0.2711736617240513"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 69
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def minmax_scaler(dataframe, num_col):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  mms = MinMaxScaler()\n",
        "  temp_df[num_col] = mms.fit_transform(temp_df[[num_col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "p4UZmYVkzx4c"
      },
      "execution_count": 74,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = minmax_scaler(df, \"age\")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "MT9CF8Ch0GO8"
      },
      "execution_count": 75,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "s-r2n8vq0MpR",
        "outputId": "6be92f37-11ef-4949-9131-5a0ee28860bb"
      },
      "execution_count": 76,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex   age  sibsp  parch   fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male 0.271      1      0  7.250        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female 0.472      1      0 71.283        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female 0.321      0      0  7.925        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female 0.435      1      0 53.100        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male 0.435      0      0  8.050        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
            "text/html": [
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              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>survived</th>\n",
              "      <th>pclass</th>\n",
              "      <th>sex</th>\n",
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              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
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              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.271</td>\n",
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              "      <td>7.250</td>\n",
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              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.472</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.283</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cherbourg</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.321</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>7.925</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.435</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.100</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.435</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>8.050</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
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              "  }\n",
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              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
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              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
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              "\n",
              "    </div>\n",
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            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0.1825395492879372,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 1.0,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0.0041467705453631576,\n          0.2711736617240512\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 49.6934285971809,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 512.3292,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          11.2417,\n          51.8625\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 76
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "def minmax_scaler_dataframe(dataframe):\n",
        "  temp_df = dataframe.copy()\n",
        "  mms = MinMaxScaler()\n",
        "  cat_cols, num_cols, cat_but_car, num_but_cat = grab_col_names(dataframe)\n",
        "  for col in num_cols:\n",
        "    temp_df[col] = mms.fit_transform(temp_df[[col]])\n",
        "  return temp_df"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "ruYDjWASzs2d"
      },
      "execution_count": 77,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df = minmax_scaler_dataframe(df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "83XH64uP0jKI"
      },
      "execution_count": 78,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "new_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 226
        },
        "id": "Nqxa_ZSC0l4C",
        "outputId": "0d7c29cb-70ab-4a16-8561-c26b2b5a35d5"
      },
      "execution_count": 79,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   survived  pclass     sex   age  sibsp  parch  fare embarked  class    who  adult_male deck  embark_town alive  alone\n",
              "0         0       3    male 0.271      1      0 0.014        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no  False\n",
              "1         1       1  female 0.472      1      0 0.139        C  First  woman       False    C    Cherbourg   yes  False\n",
              "2         1       3  female 0.321      0      0 0.015        S  Third  woman       False  NaN  Southampton   yes   True\n",
              "3         1       1  female 0.435      1      0 0.104        S  First  woman       False    C  Southampton   yes  False\n",
              "4         0       3    male 0.435      0      0 0.016        S  Third    man        True  NaN  Southampton    no   True"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
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              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>survived</th>\n",
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              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.271</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.014</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
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              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>no</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.472</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.139</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Cherbourg</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.321</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.015</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>female</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.435</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.104</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>First</td>\n",
              "      <td>woman</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "      <td>C</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>yes</td>\n",
              "      <td>False</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>male</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.435</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.016</td>\n",
              "      <td>S</td>\n",
              "      <td>Third</td>\n",
              "      <td>man</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>Southampton</td>\n",
              "      <td>no</td>\n",
              "      <td>True</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-buttons\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "    <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-acdef005-b2c2-4e47-8369-7fab3c02acb0')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\" viewBox=\"0 -960 960 960\">\n",
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              "  </svg>\n",
              "    </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-buttons div {\n",
              "      margin-bottom: 4px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "    <script>\n",
              "      const buttonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-acdef005-b2c2-4e47-8369-7fab3c02acb0 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "      buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "      async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "        const element = document.querySelector('#df-acdef005-b2c2-4e47-8369-7fab3c02acb0');\n",
              "        const dataTable =\n",
              "          await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                    [key], {});\n",
              "        if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "        const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "          '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "          + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "        element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "        dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "        await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "        const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "        docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "        element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "    </script>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "\n",
              "\n",
              "<div id=\"df-74be3692-71c8-493a-8e52-fa4541133cc7\">\n",
              "  <button class=\"colab-df-quickchart\" onclick=\"quickchart('df-74be3692-71c8-493a-8e52-fa4541133cc7')\"\n",
              "            title=\"Suggest charts\"\n",
              "            style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "\n",
              "<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "     width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <g>\n",
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              "    </g>\n",
              "</svg>\n",
              "  </button>\n",
              "\n",
              "<style>\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #1967D2;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #174EA6;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #AAA;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #DDD;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  [theme=dark] .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "      --bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --fill-color: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "      --hover-bg-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      --hover-fill-color: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "      --disabled-bg-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      --disabled-fill-color: #666;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--bg-color);\n",
              "    border: none;\n",
              "    border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "    cursor: pointer;\n",
              "    display: none;\n",
              "    fill: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    height: 32px;\n",
              "    padding: 0;\n",
              "    width: 32px;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--hover-bg-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "    fill: var(--button-hover-fill-color);\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled,\n",
              "  .colab-df-quickchart-complete:disabled:hover {\n",
              "    background-color: var(--disabled-bg-color);\n",
              "    fill: var(--disabled-fill-color);\n",
              "    box-shadow: none;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  .colab-df-spinner {\n",
              "    border: 2px solid var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    border-color: transparent;\n",
              "    border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    animation:\n",
              "      spin 1s steps(1) infinite;\n",
              "  }\n",
              "\n",
              "  @keyframes spin {\n",
              "    0% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    20% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    30% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-left-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    40% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-top-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    60% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    80% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-right-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    90% {\n",
              "      border-color: transparent;\n",
              "      border-bottom-color: var(--fill-color);\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "\n",
              "  <script>\n",
              "    async function quickchart(key) {\n",
              "      const quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#' + key + ' button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.disabled = true;  // To prevent multiple clicks.\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      try {\n",
              "        const charts = await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction(\n",
              "            'suggestCharts', [key], {});\n",
              "      } catch (error) {\n",
              "        console.error('Error during call to suggestCharts:', error);\n",
              "      }\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.remove('colab-df-spinner');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.classList.add('colab-df-quickchart-complete');\n",
              "    }\n",
              "    (() => {\n",
              "      let quickchartButtonEl =\n",
              "        document.querySelector('#df-74be3692-71c8-493a-8e52-fa4541133cc7 button');\n",
              "      quickchartButtonEl.style.display =\n",
              "        google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "    })();\n",
              "  </script>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n"
            ],
            "application/vnd.google.colaboratory.intrinsic+json": {
              "type": "dataframe",
              "variable_name": "new_df",
              "summary": "{\n  \"name\": \"new_df\",\n  \"rows\": 891,\n  \"fields\": [\n    {\n      \"column\": \"survived\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 1,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"pclass\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 1,\n        \"max\": 3,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          3,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sex\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"female\",\n          \"male\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"age\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0.1825395492879372,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 1.0,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 88,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0.0041467705453631576,\n          0.2711736617240512\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"sibsp\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 1,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 8,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          1,\n          0\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"parch\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0,\n        \"min\": 0,\n        \"max\": 6,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0,\n          1\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"fare\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"number\",\n        \"std\": 0.09699511290236998,\n        \"min\": 0.0,\n        \"max\": 1.0,\n        \"num_unique_values\": 248,\n        \"samples\": [\n          0.021942337075458514,\n          0.10122885832000206\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embarked\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"S\",\n          \"C\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"class\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Third\",\n          \"First\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"who\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"man\",\n          \"woman\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"adult_male\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          false,\n          true\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"deck\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 7,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"C\",\n          \"E\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"embark_town\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 3,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"Southampton\",\n          \"Cherbourg\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alive\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"category\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          \"yes\",\n          \"no\"\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"column\": \"alone\",\n      \"properties\": {\n        \"dtype\": \"boolean\",\n        \"num_unique_values\": 2,\n        \"samples\": [\n          true,\n          false\n        ],\n        \"semantic_type\": \"\",\n        \"description\": \"\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}"
            }
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 79
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "QLmAI5mu0nDA"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    }
  ]
}