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<h1 id="functions-decimal--page-root">Decimal functions and operators<a class="headerlink" href="#functions-decimal--page-root" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>

<span id="decimal-literal"></span><h2 id="decimal-literals">Decimal literals<a class="headerlink" href="#decimal-literals" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>Use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL</span> <span class="pre">'xxxxxxx.yyyyyyy'</span></code> syntax to define a decimal literal.</p>
<p>The precision of a decimal type for a literal will be equal to the number of digits
in the literal (including trailing and leading zeros). The scale will be equal
to the number of digits in the fractional part (including trailing zeros).</p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 60%"/>
<col style="width: 40%"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Example literal</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Data type</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL</span> <span class="pre">'0'</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL(1)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL</span> <span class="pre">'12345'</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL(5)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL</span> <span class="pre">'0000012345.1234500000'</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL(20,</span> <span class="pre">10)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


<h2 id="binary-arithmetic-decimal-operators">Binary arithmetic decimal operators<a class="headerlink" href="#binary-arithmetic-decimal-operators" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>Standard mathematical operators are supported. The table below explains
precision and scale calculation rules for result.
Assuming <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span></code> is of type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL(xp,</span> <span class="pre">xs)</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">y</span></code> is of type <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DECIMAL(yp,</span> <span class="pre">ys)</span></code>.</p>
<table>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 18%"/>
<col style="width: 41%"/>
<col style="width: 41%"/>
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p>Operation</p></td>
<td><p>Result type precision</p></td>
<td><p>Result type scale</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code></p>
<p>and</p>
<p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code></p>
</td>
<td><div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">38</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">+</span>
      <span class="k">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ys</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span>
      <span class="k">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xp</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yp</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">ys</span><span class="p">)</span>
   <span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">max(xs,</span> <span class="pre">ys)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">*</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">min(38,</span> <span class="pre">xp</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">yp)</span></code></p></td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xs</span> <span class="pre">+</span> <span class="pre">ys</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">/</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code></p></td>
<td><div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">38</span><span class="p">,</span>
    <span class="n">xp</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">ys</span>
       <span class="o">+</span> <span class="k">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ys</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">)</span>
   <span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">max(xs,</span> <span class="pre">ys)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span> <span class="pre">%</span> <span class="pre">y</span></code></p></td>
<td><div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xp</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">yp</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">ys</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">+</span>
<span class="k">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bs</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</td>
<td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">max(xs,</span> <span class="pre">ys)</span></code></p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>If the mathematical result of the operation is not exactly representable with
the precision and scale of the result data type,
then an exception condition is raised: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Value</span> <span class="pre">is</span> <span class="pre">out</span> <span class="pre">of</span> <span class="pre">range</span></code>.</p>
<p>When operating on decimal types with different scale and precision, the values are
first coerced to a common super type. For types near the largest representable precision (38),
this can result in Value is out of range errors when one of the operands doesn’t fit
in the common super type. For example, the common super type of decimal(38, 0) and
decimal(38, 1) is decimal(38, 1), but certain values that fit in decimal(38, 0)
cannot be represented as a decimal(38, 1).</p>


<h2 id="comparison-operators">Comparison operators<a class="headerlink" href="#comparison-operators" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>All standard <a class="reference internal" href="comparison.html"><span class="doc">Comparison functions and operators</span></a> work for the decimal type.</p>


<h2 id="unary-decimal-operators">Unary decimal operators<a class="headerlink" href="#unary-decimal-operators" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code> operator performs negation. The type of result is same as type of argument.</p>


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