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<h1 id="functions-regexp--page-root">Regular expression functions<a class="headerlink" href="#functions-regexp--page-root" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
<p>All of the regular expression functions use the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html">Java pattern</a> syntax,
with a few notable exceptions:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>When using multi-line mode (enabled via the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(?m)</span></code> flag),
only <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\n</span></code> is recognized as a line terminator. Additionally,
the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(?d)</span></code> flag is not supported and must not be used.</p></li>
<li><p>Case-insensitive matching (enabled via the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(?i)</span></code> flag) is always
performed in a Unicode-aware manner. However, context-sensitive and
local-sensitive matching is not supported. Additionally, the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(?u)</span></code> flag is not supported and must not be used.</p></li>
<li><p>Surrogate pairs are not supported. For example, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\uD800\uDC00</span></code> is
not treated as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">U+10000</span></code> and must be specified as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\x{10000}</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Boundaries (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\b</span></code>) are incorrectly handled for a non-spacing mark
without a base character.</p></li>
<li><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\Q</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\E</span></code> are not supported in character classes
(such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[A-Z123]</span></code>) and are instead treated as literals.</p></li>
<li><p>Unicode character classes (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\p{prop}</span></code>) are supported with
the following differences:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>All underscores in names must be removed. For example, use
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">OldItalic</span></code> instead of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Old_Italic</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p>Scripts must be specified directly, without the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Is</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">script=</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sc=</span></code> prefixes.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\p{Hiragana}</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Blocks must be specified with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">In</span></code> prefix.
The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">block=</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">blk=</span></code> prefixes are not supported.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\p{Mongolian}</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Categories must be specified directly, without the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Is</span></code>,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">general_category=</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gc=</span></code> prefixes.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\p{L}</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>Binary properties must be specified directly, without the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Is</span></code>.
Example: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\p{NoncharacterCodePoint}</span></code></p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_count">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_count</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → bigint<a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_count" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the number of occurrence of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_count</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\s*[a-z]+\s*'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 3</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_extract_all">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_extract_all</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_extract_all" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the substring(s) matched by the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code>
in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_extract_all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\d+'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- [1, 2, 14]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_extract_all</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">group</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Finds all occurrences of the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>
and returns the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html#gnumber">capturing group number</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">group</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_extract_all</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'(\d+)([a-z]+)'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- ['a', 'b', 'm']</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_extract">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_extract</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → varchar<a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_extract" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the first substring matched by the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code>
in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\d+'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_extract</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">group</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → varchar</dt>
<dd><p>Finds the first occurrence of the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code> and returns the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html#gnumber">capturing group number</a> <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">group</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_extract</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'(\d+)([a-z]+)'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 'a'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_like">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_like</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → boolean<a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_like" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Evaluates the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> and determines if it is
contained within <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>.</p>
<p>This function is similar to the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LIKE</span></code> operator, except that the
pattern only needs to be contained within <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>, rather than
needing to match all of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>. In other words, this performs a
<em>contains</em> operation rather than a <em>match</em> operation. You can match
the entire string by anchoring the pattern using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">^</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_like</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\d+b'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- true</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_position">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_position</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → integer<a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_position" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the index of the first occurrence (counting from 1) of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>.
Returns -1 if not found:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 8</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_position</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">start</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → integer</dt>
<dd><p>Returns the index of the first occurrence of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>,
starting from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start</span></code> (include <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start</span></code>). Returns -1 if not found:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 8</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 19</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_position</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">start</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">occurrence</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → integer</dt>
<dd><p>Returns the index of the nth <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">occurrence</span></code> of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>,
starting from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start</span></code> (include <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start</span></code>). Returns -1 if not found:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 19</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- 31</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_position</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'I have 23 apples, 5 pears and 13 oranges'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\b\d+\b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">12</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- -1</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_replace">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_replace</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → varchar<a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_replace" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Removes every instance of the substring matched by the regular expression
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> from <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code>:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\d+[ab] '</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- '14m'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_replace</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">replacement</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → varchar</dt>
<dd><p>Replaces every instance of the substring matched by the regular expression
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code> with <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replacement</span></code>. <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html#cg">Capturing groups</a> can be
referenced in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">replacement</span></code> using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$g</span></code> for a numbered group or
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">${name}</span></code> for a named group. A dollar sign (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">$</span></code>) may be included in the
replacement by escaping it with a backslash (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">\$</span></code>):</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'(\d+)([ab]) '</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'3c$2 '</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- '3ca 3cb 14m'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt>
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_replace</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">function</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> → varchar</dt>
<dd><p>Replaces every instance of the substring matched by the regular expression
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code> using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">function</span></code>. The <a class="reference internal" href="lambda.html"><span class="doc">lambda expression</span></a>
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">function</span></code> is invoked for each match with the <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/11/docs/api/java.base/java/util/regex/Pattern.html#cg">capturing groups</a> passed as an
array. Capturing group numbers start at one; there is no group for the entire match
(if you need this, surround the entire expression with parenthesis).</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_replace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'new york'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'(\w)(\w*)'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="k">upper</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="o">||</span> <span class="k">lower</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]));</span> <span class="c1">--'New York'</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt id="regexp_split">
<code class="sig-name descname">regexp_split</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n">string</span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n">pattern</span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#regexp_split" title="Permalink to this definition">#</a></dt>
<dd><p>Splits <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">string</span></code> using the regular expression <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pattern</span></code> and returns an
array. Trailing empty strings are preserved:</p>
<div class="highlight-sql notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">regexp_split</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'1a 2b 14m'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'\s*[a-z]+\s*'</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="c1">-- [1, 2, 14, ]</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>


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