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<h1 id="security-certificate--page-root">Certificate authentication<a class="headerlink" href="#security-certificate--page-root" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h1>
<p>You can configure Trino to support client-provided certificates validated by the
Trino server on initial connection.</p>
<div class="admonition important">
<p class="admonition-title">Important</p>
<p>This authentication method is only provided to support sites that have an
absolute requirement for client authentication <em>and already have</em> client
certificates for each client. Sites in this category have an existing PKI
infrastructure, possibly including an onsite Certificate Authority (CA).</p>
<p>This feature is not appropriate for sites that need to generate a set of
client certificates in order to use this authentication type. Consider
instead using another <a class="reference internal" href="overview.html#cl-access-auth"><span class="std std-ref">authentication type</span></a>.</p>
</div>
<p>Using <a class="reference internal" href="tls.html"><span class="doc">TLS</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="internal-communication.html"><span class="doc">a configured shared secret</span></a> is required for certificate authentication.</p>

<h2 id="using-certificate-authentication">Using certificate authentication<a class="headerlink" href="#using-certificate-authentication" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>All clients connecting with TLS/HTTPS go through the following initial steps:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple">
<li><p>The client attempts to contact the coordinator.</p></li>
<li><p>The coordinator returns its certificate to the client.</p></li>
<li><p>The client validates the server’s certificate using the client’s trust store.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>A cluster with certificate authentication enabled goes through the following
additional steps:</p>
<ol class="arabic simple" start="4">
<li><p>The coordinator asks the client for its certificate.</p></li>
<li><p>The client responds with its certificate.</p></li>
<li><p>The coordinator verifies the client’s certificate, using the coordinator’s
trust store.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Several rules emerge from these steps:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Trust stores used by clients must include the certificate of the signer of
the coordinator’s certificate.</p></li>
<li><p>Trust stores used by coordinators must include the certificate of the signer
of client certificates.</p></li>
<li><p>The trust stores used by the coordinator and clients do not need to be the
same.</p></li>
<li><p>The certificate that verifies the coordinator does not need to be the same as
the certificate verifying clients.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Trino validates certificates based on the distinguished name (DN) from the
X.509 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Subject</span></code> field. You can use <a class="reference internal" href="user-mapping.html"><span class="doc">user mapping</span></a> to map the subject DN to a Trino user name.</p>
<p>There are three levels of client certificate support possible. From the point of
view of the server:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>The server does not require a certificate from clients.</p></li>
<li><p>The server asks for a certificate from clients, but allows connection without one.</p></li>
<li><p>The server must have a certificate from clients to allow connection.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Trino’s client certificate support is the middle type. It asks for a certificate
but allows connection if another authentication method passes.</p>


<h2 id="certificate-authentication-configuration">Certificate authentication configuration<a class="headerlink" href="#certificate-authentication-configuration" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>Enable certificate authentication by setting the <a class="reference internal" href="authentication-types.html"><span class="doc">Certificate
authentication type</span></a> in <a class="reference internal" href="../installation/deployment.html#config-properties"><span class="std std-ref">etc/config.properties</span></a>:</p>
<div class="highlight-properties notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="na">http-server.authentication.type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">CERTIFICATE</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>You can specify certificate authentication along with another authenticaton
method, such as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PASSWORD</span></code>. In this case, authentication is performed in the
order of entries, and the first successful authentication results in access.
For example, the following setting shows the use of two authentication types:</p>
<div class="highlight-properties notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="na">http-server.authentication.type</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">CERTIFICATE,PASSWORD</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>The following configuration properties are also available:</p>
<table id="id1">
<caption><span class="caption-text">Configuration properties</span><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this table">#</a></caption>
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%"/>
<col style="width: 50%"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head"><p>Property name</p></th>
<th class="head"><p>Description</p></th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr class="row-even"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">http-server.authentication.certificate.user-mapping.pattern</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>A regular expression pattern to <a class="reference internal" href="user-mapping.html"><span class="doc">map all user names</span></a> for this authentication type to the format
expected by Trino.</p></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">http-server.authentication.certificate.user-mapping.file</span></code></p></td>
<td><p>The path to a JSON file that contains a set of <a class="reference internal" href="user-mapping.html"><span class="doc">user mapping
rules</span></a> for this authentication type.</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


<h2 id="use-certificate-authencation-with-clients">Use certificate authencation with clients<a class="headerlink" href="#use-certificate-authencation-with-clients" title="Permalink to this headline">#</a></h2>
<p>When using the Trino <a class="reference internal" href="../installation/cli.html"><span class="doc">CLI</span></a>, specify the
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--keystore-path</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--keystore-password</span></code> options as described
in <a class="reference internal" href="../installation/cli.html#cli-certificate-auth"><span class="std std-ref">Certificate authentication</span></a>.</p>
<p>When using the Trino <a class="reference internal" href="../installation/jdbc.html"><span class="doc">JDBC driver</span></a> to connect to a
cluster with certificate authentication enabled, use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SSLKeyStoreType</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SSLKeyStorePassword</span></code> <a class="reference internal" href="../installation/jdbc.html#jdbc-parameter-reference"><span class="std std-ref">parameters</span></a> to specify
the path to the client’s certificate and its password, if any.</p>


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