gyroscope-ja.html

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<title>Gyroscope（日本語訳）</title>

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●●options

spec_title:Gyroscope
spec_date:2024-10-08
trans_update:2024-01-12
source_checked:231025
spec_status:ED
original_url:https://w3c.github.io/gyroscope/
	abbr_url:GYROSCOPE
ref_id_prefix:biblio-
ref_id_lowercase:true
page_state_key:SENSORS
site_nav:sensors
ref_id_lowercase:true
copyright:2024,permissive
trans_1st_pub:2019-08-26
conformance:w3c

●●class_map
E:error
et:event-type
e:element
a:attr
hm:method
op:op

●●tag_map
I:code
E:code
m:code
c:code
mb:code
cite:cite
et:code
a:code
e:code
i:i
hm:code
em:em
op:span

●●original_id_map

●●mdn_urls
gyroscope:API/Gyroscope
	enumdef-gyroscopelocalcoordinatesystem:API/GyroscopeLocalCoordinateSystem
	dictdef-gyroscopesensoroptions:API/GyroscopeSensorOptions

●●link_map

	●IDL
Exposed:~WEBIDLjs#Exposed
SecureContext:~WEBIDLjs#SecureContext

double:~WEBIDL#idl-double

E.SecurityError:~WEBIDL#securityerror

	I.DOMException:~WEBIDL#idl-DOMException
I.Gyroscope:#gyroscope
I.GyroscopeLocalCoordinateSystem:#enumdef-gyroscopelocalcoordinatesystem
I.GyroscopeSensorOptions:#dictdef-gyroscopesensoroptions

I.Sensor:~SENSORS#sensor
I.SensorOptions:~SENSORS#dictdef-sensoroptions

l.device:#dom-gyroscopelocalcoordinatesystem-device
l.screen:#dom-gyroscopelocalcoordinatesystem-screen
l.gyroscope:~DEVICEORIENTATION#permissiondef-gyroscope
vsT.gyroscope:~DEVICEORIENTATION#gyroscope-virtual-sensor-type

m.new Gyroscope:#dom-gyroscope-gyroscope

m.x:#dom-gyroscope-x
m.y:#dom-gyroscope-y
m.z:#dom-gyroscope-z

mb.referenceFrame:#dom-gyroscopesensoroptions-referenceframe


	●用語
i.~gyroscope:#gyroscope-sensor-type
角速度:#angular-velocity
~gyroscope~objを構築する:#construct-a-gyroscope-object

	●用語（sensor
局所~座標系:~SENSORS#local-coordinate-system
~device座標系:~ACCELEROMETER#device-coordinate-system
~screen座標系:~ACCELEROMETER#screen-coordinate-system

~sensor~objを初期化する:~SENSORS#initialize-a-sensor-object
~sensor型:~SENSORS#sensor-type
~sensor許可~revocation~algo:~SENSORS#generic-sensor-permission-revocation-algorithm
~sensor施策により制御される特能を検査する:~SENSORS#check-sensor-policy-controlled-features

拡張~sensor~interface:~SENSORS#extension-sensor-interface
~sensor許可~名~群:~SENSORS#sensor-permission-names
~sensor特能~名~群:~SENSORS#sensor-feature-names
既定の~sensor:~SENSORS#default-sensor
属する~virtual~sensor型:~SENSORS#_virtual-sensor-type
~virtual~sensor型:~SENSORS#virtual-sensor-type
~sensor読取り:~SENSORS#sensor-reading
~supportする~sensor~option群:~SENSORS#supported-sensor-options

最新な読取り~map:~SENSORS#latest-reading
最新な読取り~mapから値を取得する:~SENSORS#get-value-from-latest-reading
~virtual~sensor~metadata:~SENSORS#virtual-sensor-metadata
型ごとの~virtual~sensor~metadata:~SENSORS#per-type-virtual-sensor-metadata


	●用語（外部
~map:~INFRA#ordered-map
map.~entry:~INFRA#map-entry
map.~key:~INFRA#map-key
map.値:~INFRA#map-value
	~THROW:~WEBIDL#dfn-throw

構築子~手続き:~WEBIDL#constructor-steps

許可~revocation~algo:~PERMISSIONS#dfn-permission-revocation-algorithm

施策により制御される特能:~PERMISSIONS-POLICY#policy-controlled-feature

●●words_table1

MOTION-SENSORS:motion-sensors-ja.html
ACCELEROMETER:accelerometer-ja.html


●●words_table

	●幾何／物理
角速度:angular velocity::~
回転:rotation::~
回転-:rotate::~
率:rate:~
慣性-:inertial::~
基準:reference::~
y:
z:
X:
Y:
Z:
右手系:right-hand convention:~
時計回り:clockwise:~

	周りの:around
	周りで:about

	●sensor／計測
device:
sensor::::センサー
gyroscope::::ジャイロスコープ
frequency:
radian:
最新な:latest:~
virtual:
符号:sign:~

	秒:seconds
	秒:second

	●保安
敵対者:adversary:~
論文:research papers:~
策:strategy:~
脅威:threat:~
悪用-:exploit:~
正当:legitimate:~
有用性:usefulness:~
同意:consent:~
補う:complementする:~
盗聴-:eavesdrop:~
revocation::取り消し

	●仕様

	●未分類

	見る:view
	図:figure


	●指示語
main:

	●変数

●●images
＠gyroscope/
gyroscope_sensor_coordinate_system｜height:355px;｜｜.svg

●●ref_normative

[ACCELEROMETER]
    Anssi Kostiainen. ＜Accelerometer＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/accelerometer/
[DEVICE-ORIENTATION]
    Reilly Grant; Raphael Kubo da Costa; Marcos Caceres. ＜Device Orientation and Motion＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/deviceorientation/
[GENERIC-SENSOR]
    Rick Waldron. ＜Generic Sensor API＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/sensors/
[INFRA]
    Anne van Kesteren; Domenic Denicola. ＜Infra Standard＞. Living Standard. URL: https://infra.spec.whatwg.org/
[PERMISSIONS]
    Marcos Caceres; Mike Taylor. ＜Permissions＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/permissions/
[PERMISSIONS-POLICY-1]
    Ian Clelland. ＜Permissions Policy＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/webappsec-permissions-policy/
[RFC2119]
    S. Bradner. ＜Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels＞. March 1997. Best Current Practice. URL: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc2119
[WEBIDL]
    Edgar Chen; Timothy Gu. ＜Web IDL Standard＞. Living Standard. URL: https://webidl.spec.whatwg.org/

●●ref_informative

[KEYSTROKEDEFENSE]
    Song, Yihang, et al. ＜Two novel defenses against motion-based keystroke inference attacks＞. 2014. Informational. URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1410.7746
[SI]
    ＜SI Brochure: The International System of Units (SI), 8th edition＞. 2014. URL: http://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure/
[TOUCHSIGNATURES]
    Mehrnezhad, Maryam, et al. ＜Touchsignatures: identification of user touch actions and pins based on mobile sensor data via javascript＞. 2016. Informational. URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.04115

●●ref_additional
[MOTION-SENSORS]
    Kenneth Christiansen; Alexander Shalamov. ＜Motion Sensors Explainer＞. URL: https://w3c.github.io/motion-sensors/

●●trans_metadata
<p>
~THIS_PAGEは、~W3Cにより
編集者草案として公開された
<a href="~SPEC_URL">Gyroscope</a>
を日本語に翻訳したものです。
~PUB

●●spec_metadata

最新公表バージョン
	https://www.w3.org/TR/gyroscope/
公表履歴
	https://www.w3.org/standards/history/gyroscope/
commit 履歴
	https://github.com/w3c/gyroscope/commits/main/index.bs
フィードバック
	<a href="mailto:public-device-apis@w3.org?subject=%5Bgyroscope%5D%20YOUR%20TOPIC%20HERE">public-device-apis@w3.org</a> with subject line “<kbd>[gyroscope] <i>… message topic …</i></kbd>” (<a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-device-apis/" rel="discussion">archives</a>)
	<a href="https://github.com/w3c/gyroscope/issues">Gyroscope Issues Repository</a>
実装報告
	https://www.w3.org/wiki/DAS/Implementations
編集
	<a href="http://intel.com/">Anssi Kostiainen</a> (Intel Corporation)
前任編集者
	<a href="http://intel.com/">Mikhail Pozdnyakov</a> (Intel Corporation)
テスト一式
	<a href="https://github.com/web-platform-tests/wpt/tree/master/gyroscope">web-platform-tests on GitHub</a>

公表者
	<a href="https://www.w3.org/groups/wg/das">Devices and Sensors WG</a>
</script>
</head>
<body>

<header>
	<hgroup>
<h1>ジャイロスコープ — Gyroscope</h1>
	</hgroup>
</header>

<div id="MAIN" hidden>
	<section id="abstract">
◎要約

<p>
この仕様は、~deviceに局所的な 3 本の首な軸~周りの回転の率を監視する具象-~sensor~interfaceを定義する。
◎
This specification defines a concrete sensor interface to monitor the rate of rotation around the device’s local three primary axes.
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="sotd">
◎位置付け

<p>
これは、編集者草案の公な複製です…
【以下、この節の内容は，~SOTD-W3Cに移譲。】
</p>

	</section>

<main id="MAIN0">

	<section id="_conventions">
<h2 class="trans-note">【この訳に特有な表記規約】</h2>

◎表記記号

	</section>
	<section id="intro">
<h2 title="Introduction">1. 序論</h2>

<p>
`~gyroscope~API^cite（ `Gyroscope API^en ）は、`汎用~sensor~API^cite（ `Generic Sensor API^en ）
`GENERIC-SENSOR$r
を拡張して，~deviceの局所的［
~X, ~Y, ~Z
］周りの角速度についての情報を， rad/s 単位（毎秒あたりの~radian数）で供する。
◎
The Gyroscope API extends the Generic Sensor API [GENERIC-SENSOR] to provide information about the angular velocity around the device’s local X, Y and Z axis in terms of radian per seconds units.
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="usecases-requirements">
<h2 title="Use Cases and Requirements">2. 利用事例と要件</h2>

<p>
利用事例と要件は、
`MOTION-SENSORS$r `§ 利用事例と要件＠~MOTION-SENSORS#usecases-and-requirements$
にて取組まれている。
◎
The use cases and requirements are addressed in the Motion Sensors Explainer document.
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="examples">
<h2 title="Examples">3. 例</h2>

<div class="example">

<pre class="lang-js">
let %sensor = new Gyroscope();
%sensor.start();

%sensor.onreading = () =&gt; {
    console.log("~X軸~周りの角速度: " + %sensor.x);
    console.log("~Y軸~周りの角速度: " + %sensor.y);
    console.log("~Z軸~周りの角速度: " + %sensor.z);
};

%sensor.onerror = %event =&gt; console.log(%event.error.name, %event.error.message);
</pre>
</div>

	</section>
	<section id="security-and-privacy">
<h2 title="Security and Privacy Considerations">4. ~securityと~privacyの考慮点</h2>

<p>
~gyroscopeなどの慣性-~sensorにより供される`~sensor読取り$は、様々な~security脅威を悪用する敵対者により利用され得る
— 例えば
⇒＃
`~UIkeyを~logする＠~SENSORS#keystroke-monitoring$,
`所在を追跡する＠~SENSORS#location-tracking$,
`~deviceを指紋収集する＠~SENSORS#device-fingerprinting$,
`利用者を識別する＠~SENSORS#user-identifying$,
`盗聴する＠~SENSORS#eavesdropping$ことさえも
◎
Sensor readings provided by inertial sensors, such as gyroscope, could be used by adversaries to exploit various security threats, for example, keylogging, location tracking, fingerprinting, user identifying and even eavesdropping.
</p>

<p>
~security~communityにより公表された論文
— 一例として `KEYSTROKEDEFENSE$r —
は、~frequencyを絞っても，攻撃が成功する~riskを全部的には排せない一方で、~sensorを正当な理由で利用している~web~appの有用性には，大きく影響し得ることを指示している。
◎
Research papers published by security community, for instance, [KEYSTROKEDEFENSE], indicate that by throttling the frequency, risks of successful attacks are not fully eliminated, while throttling may greatly affect usefulness of a web application with legitimate reasons to use the sensors.
</p>

<p>
`TOUCHSIGNATURES$r
論文は、次を提案する：
実装は［
慣性-~sensorが利用-中にあるときに視覚的な指示を供する／
`~sensor読取り$に~accessするためには明示的に利用者の同意を要求する
］ことができる。
これらの軽減~策は、`汎用~sensor~API^cite `GENERIC-SENSOR$r に定義される`汎用な軽減~策＠~SENSORS#mitigation-strategies$を補う。
◎
The [TOUCHSIGNATURES] research paper proposes that implementations can provide visual indication when inertial sensors are in use and/or require explicit user consent to access sensor readings. These mitigation strategies complement the generic mitigations defined in the Generic Sensor API [GENERIC-SENSOR].
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="permissions-policy-integration">
<h2 title="Permissions Policy integration">5. 許可~施策の統合</h2>

<p>
この仕様は、
文字列 `gyroscope$l により識別される`施策により制御される特能$を用立てる
— それは、
`DEVICE-ORIENTATION$r にて定義される。
◎
This specification utilizes the policy-controlled feature identified by the string "gyroscope" defined in [DEVICE-ORIENTATION].
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="model">
<h2 title="Model">6. ~model</h2>

<p>
`~sensor型$
`~gyroscope@i
（ `Gyroscope^en ）には、
次に挙げる~dataが結付けられる：
◎
The Gyroscope sensor type has the following associated data:
</p>
<ul>
	<li>
`拡張~sensor~interface$
⇒
`Gyroscope$I
◎
Extension sensor interface
• Gyroscope
</li>
	<li>
`~sensor許可~名~群$
⇒
{ `gyroscope$l }
◎
Sensor permission names
• "gyroscope"
</li>
	<li>
`~sensor特能~名~群$
⇒
{ `gyroscope$l }
◎
Sensor feature names
• "gyroscope"
</li>
	<li>
`許可~revocation~algo$
⇒
次を呼出す
⇒
`~sensor許可~revocation~algo$( `gyroscope$l )
◎
Permission revocation algorithm
• Invoke the generic sensor permission revocation algorithm with "gyroscope".
</li>
	<li>
`既定の~sensor$
⇒
~deviceの~main~gyroscope~sensor
◎
Default sensor
• The device’s main gyroscope sensor.
</li>
	<li>
`属する~virtual~sensor型$
⇒
`gyroscope$vsT
◎
Virtual sensor type
• "gyroscope"
</li>
</ul>

<p>
`~gyroscope$i `~sensor型$の `Sensor$I 用の`最新な読取り~map$は［
`x^l, `y^l, `z^l
］を`~key$mapとする 3 個の`~entry$mapを含む。
それらの各`値$mapは、対応する軸における~deviceの`角速度$を包含する。
◎
A latest reading of a Sensor of Gyroscope sensor type includes three entries whose keys are "x", "y", "z" and whose values contain current angular velocity about the corresponding axes.
</p>

<p>
`角速度@
は、~deviceにより定義される`局所~座標系$において指定される軸~周りで~deviceが回転する率であり，単位は rad/s （毎秒あたりの~radian数） `SI$r とする。
◎
The angular velocity is the rate at which the device rotates about a specified axis in a local coordinate system defined by the device. Its unit is the radian per second (rad/s) [SI].
</p>

<p>
~deviceにより定義される`局所~座標系$は、右手系に則るモノトスル。
現在の`角速度$の符号は、軸の正な方向に向かって見るとき，時計回りが軸~周りの正な回転になるモノトスル（下の図を見よ）。
◎
The sign of the current angular velocity depends on the rotation direction and it must be according to the right-hand convention in a local coordinate system defined by the device, such that positive rotation around an axis is clockwise when viewed along the positive direction of the axis (see figure below).
</p>

<p class="alt" hidden id="_dgm-gyroscope_sensor_coordinate_system">
~deviceの局所~座標系と回転
◎
Device’s local coordinate system and rotation.
</p>

		</section>
		<section id="reference-frame">
<h3 title="Reference Frame">6.1. 基準~frame</h3>

<p>
`局所~座標系$は、
`Gyroscope$I
`~sensor読取り$用の基準~frameを表現する。
それは、`~device座標系$にも`~screen座標系$にもなり得る。
◎
The local coordinate system represents the reference frame for the Gyroscope readings. It can be either the device coordinate system or the screen coordinate system.
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="api">
<h2 title="API">7. ~API</h2>

		<section id="gyroscope-interface">
<h3 title="The Gyroscope Interface">7.1. `Gyroscope^I ~interface</h3>

<pre class="idl">
[`SecureContext$, `Exposed$=Window]
interface `Gyroscope@I : `Sensor$I {
  `Gyroscope$mc(optional `GyroscopeSensorOptions$I %sensorOptions = {});
  readonly attribute `double$? `x@m;
  readonly attribute `double$? `y@m;
  readonly attribute `double$? `z@m;
};

enum `GyroscopeLocalCoordinateSystem@I { `device@l, `screen@l };

dictionary `GyroscopeSensorOptions@I : `SensorOptions$I {
  `GyroscopeLocalCoordinateSystem$I `referenceFrame@mb = "device";
};
</pre>

<div class="algo">
`new Gyroscope(sensorOptions)@m
構築子~手続きは
⇒
`~gyroscope~objを構築する$( コレ, %sensorOptions )
◎
The new Gyroscope(sensorOptions) constructor steps are to invoke the construct a gyroscope object abstract operation with this and sensorOptions.
</div>

<p>
`Gyroscope$I が`~supportする~sensor~option群$は
⇒
`frequency^l, `referenceFrame^l
◎
Supported sensor options for Gyroscope are "frequency" and "referenceFrame".
</p>

<p>
［
`x$m ／ `y$m ／ `z$m
］属性は、［
~X ／ ~Y ／ ~Z
］軸~周りの現在の`角速度$を表現する。
◎
↓</p>

<div class="algo" id="gyroscope-x">
`x$m 取得子~手続きは
⇒
~RET `最新な読取り~mapから値を取得する$( コレ, `x^l )

◎
7.1.1. Gyroscope.x
◎
The x attribute of the Gyroscope interface represents the current angular velocity around X-axis.＼
◎
In other words, this attribute returns the result of invoking get value from latest reading with this and "x" as arguments.
</div>

<div class="algo" id="gyroscope-y">
`y$m 取得子~手続きは
⇒
~RET `最新な読取り~mapから値を取得する$( コレ, `y^l )
◎
7.1.2. Gyroscope.y
◎
The y attribute of the Gyroscope interface represents the current angular velocity around Y-axis.＼
In other words, this attribute returns the result of invoking get value from latest reading with this and "y" as arguments.
</div>

<div class="algo" id="gyroscope-z">
`z$m 取得子~手続きは
⇒
~RET `最新な読取り~mapから値を取得する$( コレ, `z^l )
◎
7.1.3. Gyroscope.z
◎
The z attribute of the Gyroscope interface represents the current angular velocity around Z-axis.＼
◎
In other words, this attribute returns the result of invoking get value from latest reading with this and "z" as arguments.
</div>

		</section>
	</section>
	<section id="abstract-operations">
<h2 title="Abstract Operations">8. 抽象-演算</h2>

<div class="algo">
<p id="construct-a-gyroscope-object">
`~gyroscope~objを構築する@
~algoは、
所与の
( `Gyroscope$I ~obj %~obj, `GyroscopeSensorOptions$I ~obj %~option群 )
に対し：
◎
8.1. Construct a Gyroscope object
◎
input
• object, a Gyroscope object.
◎
• options, a GyroscopeSensorOptions object.
</p>
<ol>
	<li>
~IF［
`~sensor施策により制御される特能を検査する$( %~obj の`~sensor型$ ) ~EQ ~F
］
⇒
~THROW `SecurityError$E
◎
Let allowed be the result of invoking check sensor policy-controlled features with object’s sensor type.
◎
If allowed is false, then:
• Throw a SecurityError DOMException.
</li>
	<li>
`~sensor~objを初期化する$( %~obj, %~option群 )
◎
Invoke initialize a sensor object with object and options.
</li>
	<li>
%~obj 用の`局所~座標系$を
%~option群[ "`referenceFrame$mb" ] に応じて，
次になるものと定義する
⇒＃
`screen^l ならば `~screen座標系$／
`device^l ならば `~device座標系$
◎
If options.referenceFrame is "screen", then:
• Set object’s local coordinate system to the screen coordinate system.
◎
Otherwise, define object’s local coordinate system to the device coordinate system.
</li>
</ol>
</div>

	</section>
	<section id="automation">
<h2 title="Automation">9. 自動化</h2>

<p>
この節では、
`GENERIC-SENSOR$r に定義される`自動化＠~SENSORS#automation$を拡張する
— `~gyroscope$i に特有な`~virtual~sensor~metadata$を供することにより。
◎
This section extends Generic Sensor API § 9 Automation by providing Gyroscope-specific virtual sensor metadata.
</p>

<p>
`~gyroscope$i が`属する~virtual~sensor型$ `gyroscope$vsT,
それに対応する［
`型ごとの~virtual~sensor~metadata$を成す`~entry$map
］は、
`DEVICE-ORIENTATION$r `§ 自動化＠~DEVICEORIENTATION#automation$
にて定義される。
◎
The gyroscope virtual sensor type and its corresponding entry in the per-type virtual sensor metadata map are defined in Device Orientation and Motion § automation.
</p>

	</section>
	<section id="acknowledgements">
<h2 title="Acknowledgements">謝辞</h2>

<p>
`汎用~sensor~API^citeの作業を為された `Tobie Langel^en 氏に。
◎
Tobie Langel for the work on Generic Sensor API.
</p>
	</section>
</main></div>