chore: update go version to 1.24 in 1.31 release

[shvbsle]

What type of PR is this?

Uncomment only one, leave it on its own line:

/kind feature

What this PR does / why we need it:
This updates the go version of 1.31 releases to 1.24. After bumping the version up during the release, we should be able to promote the image and artifacts for 1.31

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes #
Special notes for your reviewer:
To test this I ran:

make
make test

And ensured that build succeeds and tests pass.

Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?:

NONE

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[fletcherw]

I don't think this fixes the mentioned issue until you run the image promo.

[shvbsle]

I don't think this fixes the mentioned issue until you run the image promo.

We are unable to run image-promo on 1.31.6 since the last-release was over 60 days old and objects in staging bucket expire after 60 days. The only way is to bump up the version to 1.31.7 but there were no changes added to 1.31 release since last bump of 1.31.6. This PR has some maintenance that can be used to cut a release and then we can run image-promo for 1.31.7

[kmala]

why directly 1.31? can we update the go version on master and then cherry pick for other versions?

[shvbsle]

Closing this. There is a PR for master: #1170

Will raise another PR to cherry pick into 1.31