Ensure HttpHook.run() does not alter extra_options passed to it

[jroachgolf84]

Previously, running HttpHook.run() altered the dictionary that was passed via extra_options. This was illustrated and reproduced in #51686 using the following logic within a Task.

...

extra_options = {"verify_ssl": None, "proxies": None}
original_extra_options = deepcopy(extra_options)

# jsonplaceholder Connection has
# * Host = https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com
# * Extra = {"foo": "bar"}
# Note: some Extra value is necessary, otherwise the extra_options passed to run are not used, see https://github.com/apache/airflow/issues/51685
http_hook = HttpHook(method='GET', http_conn_id='jsonplaceholder')

for _ in range(2):
    http_hook.run(
        endpoint=f"/posts/1",
        extra_options=extra_options,
    )
    assert extra_options == original_extra_options, \
        f"extra_options: {extra_options}, original_extra_options: {original_extra_options}"

To fix this, two major changes were made. First, the dictionary that was passed into hook via the run or get_conn method was "deep copied" before being transformed. Since the previous logic relied on that dictionary being transformed in different scopes, a merged_extra was added as an instance-level attribute to the HttpHook class. The appropriate changes were also made to its async counterpart.

These changes were tested using the logic that was provided by @brki, as well as via the unit tests for this hook.

closes: #51686

[Nataneljpwd]

Hello, I have added a few comments, the main concern being the use of copy instead of just dict.get, and a check for whether to run a specific function

[jroachgolf84]

Hello, I have added a few comments, the main concern being the use of copy instead of just dict.get, and a check for whether to run a specific function

I've addressed this concerns in each of your comments, thanks for the feedback!

[Nataneljpwd]

Checked it out again, answered all the comments.
Looks good to me!

[Nataneljpwd]

Looks great, just mark all the comments as resolved