SpriteColor.cs

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

// This script gets the color of a sprite in realtime 
// Usage: Attach this script to any gameobject having a sprite renderer component

public class SpriteColor : MonoBehaviour
{
    public static Color GetColor { get; set; }

    public SpriteRenderer targetSprite;

    Color finalColor;

    void Update()
    {
        GetSpritePixelColorUnderMousePointer(targetSprite, out finalColor);
    }

    public bool GetSpritePixelColorUnderMousePointer(SpriteRenderer spriteRenderer, out Color color)
    {
        color = new Color();
        Camera cam = Camera.main;
        Vector2 mousePos = Input.mousePosition;
        Vector2 viewportPos = cam.ScreenToViewportPoint(mousePos);
        if (viewportPos.x < 0.0f || viewportPos.x > 1.0f || viewportPos.y < 0.0f || viewportPos.y > 1.0f) return false; // out of viewport bounds

        // Cast a ray from viewport point into world
        Ray ray = cam.ViewportPointToRay(viewportPos);

        // Check for intersection with sprite and get the color
        return IntersectsSprite(spriteRenderer, ray, out color);
    }

    private bool IntersectsSprite(SpriteRenderer spriteRenderer, Ray ray, out Color color)
    {
        color = new Color();
        if (spriteRenderer == null) return false;

        Sprite sprite = spriteRenderer.sprite;
        if (sprite == null) return false;

        Texture2D texture = sprite.texture;
        if (texture == null) return false;


        // Craete a plane so it has the same orientation as the sprite transform
        Plane plane = new Plane(transform.forward, transform.position);

        // Intersect the ray and the plane
        float rayIntersectDist; // the distance from the ray origin to the intersection point
        if (!plane.Raycast(ray, out rayIntersectDist)) return false;

        // Convert world position to sprite position
        // worldToLocalMatrix.MultiplyPoint3x4 returns a value from based on the texture dimensions (+/- half texDimension / pixelsPerUnit) )
        // 0, 0 corresponds to the center of the TEXTURE ITSELF, not the center of the trimmed sprite textureRect

        Vector3 spritePos = spriteRenderer.worldToLocalMatrix.MultiplyPoint3x4(ray.origin + (ray.direction * rayIntersectDist));
        Rect textureRect = sprite.textureRect;
        float pixelsPerUnit = sprite.pixelsPerUnit;
        float halfRealTexWidth = texture.width * 0.5f; // use the real texture width here because center is based on this -- probably won't work right for atlases
        float halfRealTexHeight = texture.height * 0.5f;
        // Convert to pixel position, offsetting so 0,0 is in lower left instead of center
        int texPosX = (int)(spritePos.x * pixelsPerUnit + halfRealTexWidth);
        int texPosY = (int)(spritePos.y * pixelsPerUnit + halfRealTexHeight);
        // Check if pixel is within texture
        if (texPosX < 0 || texPosX < textureRect.x || texPosX >= Mathf.FloorToInt(textureRect.xMax)) return false; // out of bounds
        if (texPosY < 0 || texPosY < textureRect.y || texPosY >= Mathf.FloorToInt(textureRect.yMax)) return false; // out of bounds
                                                                                                                   // Get pixel color
        color = texture.GetPixel(texPosX, texPosY);
        GetColor = color;

        return true;
    }

}