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Overview

Ivy is a new backwards-compatible Angular renderer focused on further speed improvements, size reduction, and increased flexibility.

Ivy is currently not feature complete, but can be tested via enableIvy: true angularCompilerOptions flag.

We currently expect Ivy to remain behind the flag until it's feature complete and battle tested at Google. In the meantime you can check out this Hello World demo.

Implementation Status

The work can be divided into three categories:

  • @angular/compiler-cli: TypeScript transformer pipeline which includes two command line tools:
    • ngtsc: (Angular TypeScript Compiler) Angular compiler which strips out @Component (and friends) and replaces it with ɵɵdefineComponent (and friends).
    • ngcc: (Angular Compatibility Compiler) NPM upgrade compiler which reads the STORING_METADATA_IN_D.TS.json files and .js files and adds ɵɵdefineComponent (and friends) into the node_module. This in effect converts a pre-ivy module into ivy module.
  • @angular/compiler: Ivy Compiler which converts decorator into ivy
  • @angular/core: Decorators which can be patched with @angular/compiler.

@angular/compiler-cli changes

ngtsc TSC compiler transformer

TSC transformer which removes and converts @Pipe, @Component, @Directive and @NgModule to the corresponding ɵɵdefinePipe, ɵɵdefineComponent, ɵɵdefineDirective and ɵɵdefineInjector.

  • ✅ Basic setup of the transformer into tsc
  • ✅ Can read STORING_METADATA_IN_D.TS from .d.ts (see: STORING_METADATA_IN_D.TS.md)
  • ✅ Detect decorators and convert them to the defineXXX method using the __Compiler in @angular/compiler.
  • ✅ Encode selectors into .d.ts file.
  • ✅ support extends for @Pipe, @Component, @Directive and @NgModule.
  • ❌ Documentation

ngcc Angular node_module compatibility compiler

A tool which "upgrades" node_module compiled with non-ivy ngc into ivy compliant format.

  • ✅ Basic setup of stand alone executable
  • ✅ Rewrite existing code by interpreting the associated STORING_METADATA_IN_D.TS
  • ❌ Integration with WebPack (cli)
  • ❌ Documentation

@angular/compiler changes

  • ✅ Component compilation: Translates @Component => ɵɵdefineComponent
    • ✅ TemplateCompiler (current known as ViewCompiler)
    • ✅ StyleCompiler
  • ✅ PipeCompiler: Translates @Pipe => ɵɵdefinePipe
  • ✅ DirectiveCompiler: Translates @Directive => ɵɵdefineDirective
  • ✅ InjectableCompiler: Translates @Injectable => ɵɵdefineInjectable
  • ✅ NgModuleCompiler: Translates @NgModule => ɵɵdefineInjector (and ɵɵdefineNgModule only in jit)
  • ❌ Documentation

@angular/core changes

The goal is for the @Component (and friends) to be the compiler of template. Since decorators are functions which execute during parsing of the .js file, the decorator can compile the template into Ivy. The AoT compiler's job is to remove the @Component and replace it with call to ɵɵdefineComponent.

  • ✅ @angular/compiler can patch itself onto:
    • ✅ @Injectable
    • ✅ @NgModule
    • ✅ @Pipe
    • ✅ @Directive
    • ✅ @Component
  • ✅ ResourceLoader.resolved: Promise<> Returns true if all templateUrls and styleUrl have been resolved and application is ready to be bootstrapped.

Testing / Debugging

  • ✅ in debug mode publish components into DOM nodes for easier debugging.

Crosscutting

Decorators

Annotation defineXXX() Run time Spec Compiler
@Component ✅ ɵɵdefineComponent() ✅ ✅ ✅
@Directive ✅ ɵɵdefineDirective() ✅ ✅ ✅
@Directive ✅ ɵɵdefineBase() ✅ ✅ ✅
@Pipe ✅ ɵɵdefinePipe() ✅ ✅ ✅
@Injectable ✅ ɵɵdefineInjectable() ✅ ✅ ✅
@NgModule ✅ ɵɵdefineInjector() ✅ ✅ ✅
@ConfigureInjector ✅ ɵɵdefineInjector() ❌ ❌ ❌

Component Composition

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
creation reordering based on injection ✅ ✅ ✅
class CompA extends CompB {} ✅ ✅ ✅
class CompA extends CompB { @Input } ✅ ✅ ✅
class CompA extends CompB { @Output } ✅ ✅ ✅

Change Detection

Feature Runtime
markDirty() ✅
detectChanges() ✅
tick() ✅
attach() ✅
detach() ✅
ON_PUSH ✅
ALWAYS ✅
DIRTY ✅
ATTACHED ✅

Bootstrap API

Feature Runtime
renderComponent() ✅
getHostElement() ✅
createInjector() ✅

Template Compiler

Template Syntax

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
<div> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div>{{exp}}</div> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div attr=value> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div (click)="stmt"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div #foo> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div #foo="bar"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [value]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div title="Hello {{name}}!"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [attr.value]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ❌
<div class="literal"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [class]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [class.foo]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div style="literal"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [style]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div [style.foo]="exp"> ✅ ✅ ✅
<div xmlns:foo="url" foo:bar="baz"> ✅ ✅ ✅
{{ ['literal', exp ] }} ✅ ✅ ✅
{{ { a: 'literal', b: exp } }} ✅ ✅ ✅
{{ exp | pipe: arg }} ✅ ✅ ✅
<svg:g svg:p> ✅ ✅ ✅
<img src=[userData]> sanitization ✅ ✅ ✅
<div (directiveOut)> ✅ ✅ ✅
<ng-template (directiveOut)> ✅ ✅ ✅
<ng-container> ✅ ✅ ✅

Life Cycle Hooks

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
onChanges() ✅ ✅ ✅
onDestroy() ✅ ✅ ✅
onInit() ✅ ✅ ✅
onChanges() ✅ ✅ ✅
doCheck() ✅ ✅ ✅
afterViewChecked() ✅ ✅ ✅
afterViewInit() ✅ ✅ ✅
afterContentChecked() ✅ ✅ ✅
afterContentInit() ✅ ✅ ✅
listener teardown ✅ ✅ ✅

@Query

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
@Query(descendants) ✅ ✅ n/a
@Query(one) ✅ ✅ n/a
@Query(read) ✅ ✅ n/a
@Query(selector) ✅ ✅ n/a
@Query(Type) ✅ ✅ n/a
@ContentChildren ✅ ✅ ✅
@ContentChild ✅ ✅ ✅
@ViewChildren ✅ ✅ ✅
@ViewChild ✅ ✅ ✅

Content Projection

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
<ng-content> ✅ ✅ ✅
<ng-content selector="..."> ✅ ✅ ✅
container ngProjectAs ✅ ✅ ✅

Injection Features

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
inject(Type) ✅ ✅ ✅
directiveInject(Type) ✅ ✅ ✅
inject(Type, SkipSelf) ❌ ❌ ❌
attribute('name') ✅ ✅ ❌
injectChangeDetectionRef() ✅ ✅ ✅
injectElementRef() ✅ ✅ ✅
injectViewContainerRef() ✅ ✅ ✅
injectTemplateRef() ✅ ✅ ✅
injectRenderer2() ✅ ✅ ✅
default inject() with no injector ✅ ✅ ✅
sanitization with no injector ✅ ✅ ✅

I18N

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
i18nStart ✅ ✅ ✅
i18nEnd ✅ ✅ ✅
i18nAttributes ✅ ✅ ✅
i18nExp ✅ ✅ ✅
i18nApply ✅ ✅ ✅
ICU expressions ✅ ✅ ✅
closure support for g3 ✅ ✅ ✅
<ng-container> support ✅ ✅ ✅
runtime service for external world ❌ ❌ ❌
migration tool ❌ ❌ ❌

View Encapsulation

Feature Runtime Spec Compiler
Renderer3.None ✅ ✅ ✅
Renderer2.None ✅ ✅ ✅
Renderer2.Emulated ✅ ✅ ✅
Renderer2.Native ✅ ✅ ✅

______Refs

Method View Container Ref Template Ref Embeded View Ref View Ref Element Ref Change Detection Ref
clear() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
get() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
createEmbededView() ✅ ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a
createComponent() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
insert() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
move() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
indexOf() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
length() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
remove() ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a
destroy() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a n/a
destroyed n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a n/a
onDestroy() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a n/a
markForCheck() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a ✅
detach() ✅ n/a ✅ ✅ n/a ✅
detachChanges() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a ✅
checkNoChanges() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a ✅
reattach() n/a n/a ✅ ✅ n/a ✅
nativeElement() n/a n/a n/a n/a ✅ n/a
elementRef n/a ✅ n/a n/a n/a n/a

Renderer2

Method Runtime
data() n/a
destroy() ✅
createElement() ✅
createComment() ✅
createText() ✅
destroyNode() ✅
appendChild() ✅
insertBefore() ✅
removeChild() ✅
selectRootElement() ✅
parentNode() n/a
nextSibling() n/a
setAttribute() ✅
removeAttribute() ✅
addClass() ✅
removeClass() ✅
setStyle() ✅
removeStyle() ✅
setProperty() ✅
setValue() ✅
listen() ✅