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tmpljs

A DOM element based templating engine, as a jQuery plugin, with a logic-less Zen Coding-like markup, object caching, partials and variables.

I wrote this because it seemed silly to create a string of markup, make the DOM parse it, then query it to do any manipulation; when it's faster to create elements in js, save a reference if desired, then pass objects to the DOM.

The plugin requires only one parameter, an array of strings, where each string is to become a single DOM element.
Optionally, data can be supplied for partials and variables.
A jQuery object is returned.

###Usage### A Zen Coding like abbreviation engine is used that resembles CSS selectors for tag name, ID, class and explicit attributes.

var template = [
    "h1.center Hello world!",
    "p#content Cat in the hat."
];

$("body").tmpl(template);

<html>
<body>
  <h1 class="center">Hello World!</h1>
  <p id="content">Cat in the hat.</p>
</body>
</html>

This will get you pretty far, but what fun are templates without variables.

var template = [
    "h1.center Hello world!",
    "p#content {animal} in the {covering}."
];

var data = {
    animal: "Cat",
    covering: function() {
        return "hat";
    }
};

$("body").tmpl(template, data);

Each string in the template array renders into a DOM element. Start with the tag name, defaults to a div if not specified, followed by any attributes for the node and any text at the end after a space. #page.section.main Lorem Ipsum

<div id="page" class="section main">Lorem Ipsum</div>

If the element is an input or textarea, the value will be set instead of the innerHTML. input.small[placeholder=123 Main St.][disabled] 1600 Pennsylvania Ave

<input class="small" placeholder="123 Main St." disabled value="1600 Pennsylvania Ave" />

###Hierarchy### The hierarchy of the returned elements is based on the empty space that starts the string. The standard 4 spaces becomes a new indent.

var template = [
    "div",
    "   .hello This div has a class of 'hello'",
    "   p.world oh yeah",
    "   form#mainForm",
    "       input$myInput Default text",
    "div",
    "   p$wrapper",
    "       span Some Text!"
  ];
  
var compiled = $.tmpl( template );
$("body").append( compiled );

<body>
  <div>
    <div class="hello">This div has a class of 'hello'</div>
    <p class="world">oh yeah</p>
    <form id="mainForm">
      <input value="Default text" />
    </form>
  </div>
  <div>
    <p>
      <span>Some Text!</span>
    </p>
  </div>
</body>

###Caching Objects### Elements can be cached as jQuery objects using the $ indicator. Notice in the last example the input has $myInput, that object can now be accessed via:

compiled.cache.myInput.focus();

Alias: compiled.c.myInput.focus();

Note: The order of #ID, $cache, .class, or [attribute] does not matter. They just need to be after the optional tag name and before the space that signifies the beginning of any content text.

###Partials and Variables### The plugin takes an optional second parameter that can be used for partials in place of the tag and variable replacement inside of the HTML content.

Instead of providing a tag name, a function reference for the optional data object can be used to integrate partials, by ending the tag name with open and close parentheses (). Parameters can be passed to the method in the standard comma separated syntax.

The function should return either a DOM element or a jQuery object. false can also be used to skip the line, useful for partials the execute conditional logic.

The function will be called using the data object as the this value.

The code below illustrates a pointless version of this feature in its minimalist form.

Curly brackets {} can be wrapped around key identifiers in the text for variable substitution. If the key references a function in the data object, that function will be called using the data object as the this value. The function should return a string or something that equates to one.

Note: Dot notation can be used inside the curly brackets or for partials to traverse the data object.

var template = [
    "div",
    "   .hello This div has a class of 'hello'",
    "   getTag(p).world {myNar} yeah",
    "   form#mainForm",
    "       input$theInput Default text",
    "div",
    "   p$wrapper",
    "       span {person.getGreeting}"
];

var data = {
    myNar: "oh",
    getTag: function(tag) {
        return document.createElement(tag)
    },
    greeting: "hello",
    person: {
        name: "James Bond",
        getGreeting: function() {
            return this.greeting + " " + this.person.name;
        }
    }
};

$("body").tmpl(template, data);

<html>
<body>
  <div>
    <div class="hello">This div has a class of 'hello'</div>
    <p class="world">oh yeah</p>
    <form id="mainForm">
      <input value="Default text" />
    </form>
  </div>
  <div>
    <p>
      <span>hello James Bond</span>
    </p>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

By default, all variables are HTML escaped. A & can be placed just inside opening braces to render the variable without escaping or a ! to ignore the bracket for variable substitution altogether.

var data = {
    "name": "James Bond",
    "agency": "<b>MI6</b>"
}
 
var template = [
    "li { name }",
    "li { spouse }",
    "li { agency }",
    "li {& agency }",
    "li {! agency }"
];

$("ul").tmpl(template, data);

<ul>
    <li>James Bond</li>
    <li></li>
    <li>&lt;b&gt;MI6&lt;/b&gt;</li>
    <li>
        <b>MI6</b>
    </li>
    <li>{ agency }</li>
</ul>

mastermatt/tmpljs

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