failure to link due to unknown relocation type in switch tables (aarch64-linux-*)

[workingjubilee]

Split from #141306

MCVE by @dianqk: https://rust.godbolt.org/z/vd4nTc3oj

Fails to link on aarch64-linux-*

Per @briansmith:

The problem seems to be caused by LTO, as when I remove "lto = true" from the release profile in Cargo.toml, things are working. See https://github.com/briansmith/ring/actions/runs/15145798156.

aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu

mk/cargo.sh +stable test -vv --target=aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu --release fails to link a test:

     Running `CARGO=/home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/cargo CARGO_CRATE_NAME=rsa_tests CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR=/home/runner/work/ring/ring CARGO_MANIFEST_PATH=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/Cargo.toml CARGO_PKG_AUTHORS='' CARGO_PKG_DESCRIPTION='An experiment.' CARGO_PKG_HOMEPAGE='' CARGO_PKG_LICENSE='Apache-2.0 AND ISC' CARGO_PKG_LICENSE_FILE='' CARGO_PKG_NAME=ring CARGO_PKG_README=README.md CARGO_PKG_REPOSITORY='https://github.com/briansmith/ring' CARGO_PKG_RUST_VERSION=1.66.0 CARGO_PKG_VERSION=0.17.14 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MAJOR=0 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MINOR=17 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_PATCH=14 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_PRE='' CARGO_PRIMARY_PACKAGE=1 CARGO_SBOM_PATH='' CARGO_TARGET_TMPDIR=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/tmp LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/release/deps:/home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib' OUT_DIR=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/build/ring-9ec23736496dbc30/out /home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/rustc --crate-name rsa_tests --edition=2021 tests/rsa_tests.rs --error-format=json --json=diagnostic-rendered-ansi,artifacts,future-incompat --emit=dep-info,link -C opt-level=3 -C lto -C codegen-units=1 -C overflow-checks=on --test --cfg 'feature="alloc"' --cfg 'feature="default"' --cfg 'feature="dev_urandom_fallback"' --check-cfg 'cfg(docsrs,test)' --check-cfg 'cfg(feature, values("alloc", "default", "dev_urandom_fallback", "less-safe-getrandom-custom-or-rdrand", "less-safe-getrandom-espidf", "slow_tests", "std", "test_logging", "unstable-testing-arm-no-hw", "unstable-testing-arm-no-neon", "wasm32_unknown_unknown_js"))' -C metadata=3807db18dbe2b831 -C extra-filename=-5890c4fcd540c9f4 --out-dir /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps --target aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu -C linker=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -C strip=debuginfo -L dependency=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps -L dependency=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/release/deps --extern cfg_if=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/libcfg_if-311a393a154487db.rlib --extern getrandom=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/libgetrandom-4517178c3c9d757b.rlib --extern libc=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/liblibc-a35c490245773132.rlib --extern ring=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/libring-860b7f29bcca337c.rlib --extern untrusted=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/libuntrusted-a211e697d07dd481.rlib -L native=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/build/ring-9ec23736496dbc30/out`
   Compiling ring-cavp v0.1.0 (/home/runner/work/ring/ring/cavp)
     Running `CARGO=/home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/cargo CARGO_CRATE_NAME=shavs CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/cavp CARGO_MANIFEST_PATH=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/cavp/Cargo.toml CARGO_PKG_AUTHORS='' CARGO_PKG_DESCRIPTION='' CARGO_PKG_HOMEPAGE='' CARGO_PKG_LICENSE='' CARGO_PKG_LICENSE_FILE='' CARGO_PKG_NAME=ring-cavp CARGO_PKG_README='' CARGO_PKG_REPOSITORY='' CARGO_PKG_RUST_VERSION='' CARGO_PKG_VERSION=0.1.0 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MAJOR=0 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_MINOR=1 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_PATCH=0 CARGO_PKG_VERSION_PRE='' CARGO_PRIMARY_PACKAGE=1 CARGO_SBOM_PATH='' CARGO_TARGET_TMPDIR=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/tmp LD_LIBRARY_PATH='/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/release/deps:/home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib' /home/runner/.rustup/toolchains/stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/rustc --crate-name shavs --edition=2021 cavp/tests/shavs.rs --error-format=json --json=diagnostic-rendered-ansi,artifacts,future-incompat --emit=dep-info,link -C opt-level=3 -C lto -C codegen-units=1 -C overflow-checks=on --test --check-cfg 'cfg(docsrs,test)' --check-cfg 'cfg(feature, values())' -C metadata=737e22b5137d5208 -C extra-filename=-c397c990b1305df2 --out-dir /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps --target aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu -C linker=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc -C strip=debuginfo -L dependency=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps -L dependency=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/release/deps --extern ring=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/libring-860b7f29bcca337c.rlib -L native=/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/build/ring-9ec23736496dbc30/out`
error: linking with `aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc` failed: exit status: 1
  |
  = note:  "aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc" "/tmp/rustcVcmlFx/symbols.o" "<1 object files omitted>" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "/tmp/rustcVcmlFx/{libring-860b7f29bcca337c.rlib}.rlib" "<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib/{libcompiler_builtins-*}.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-lc" "-lm" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lgcc_s" "-lutil" "-lrt" "-lpthread" "-lm" "-ldl" "-lc" "-L" "/tmp/rustcVcmlFx/raw-dylibs" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-L" "/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/build/ring-9ec23736496dbc30/out" "-L" "<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/lib" "-o" "/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/hmac_tests-887166f8942c37c3" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now" "-Wl,-O1" "-Wl,--strip-debug" "-nodefaultlibs"
  = note: some arguments are omitted. use `--verbose` to show all linker arguments
  = note: /usr/lib/gcc-cross/aarch64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/ld: /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu/release/deps/hmac_tests-887166f8942c37c3.hmac_tests.bb3648ddf19ab144-cgu.0.rcgu.o: unrecognized relocation type 0x13b in section `.rodata..Lswitch.table._ZN4core3ops8function6FnOnce9call_once17hcde9e8db08ba4659E.rel'
          /usr/lib/gcc-cross/aarch64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/ld: is this version of the linker - (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.38 - out of date ?
          /usr/lib/gcc-cross/aarch64-linux-gnu/11/../../../../aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/ld: final link failed: bad value
          collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

aarch64-linux-android

https://github.com/briansmith/ring/actions/runs/15145194221/job/42579103909

mk/cargo.sh +stable test -vv --target=aarch64-linux-android --no-run --release fails to link a test:

error: linking with `/usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk/27.2.12479018/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android21-clang` failed: exit status: 1
  |
  = note:  "/usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk/27.2.12479018/toolchains/llvm/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/aarch64-linux-android21-clang" "/tmp/rustc7iAwim/symbols.o" "<1 object files omitted>" "-Wl,--as-needed" "-Wl,-Bstatic" "/tmp/rustc7iAwim/{libring-28129c41485533d9.rlib}.rlib" "<sysroot>/lib/rustlib/aarch64-linux-android/lib/{libcompiler_builtins-*}.rlib" "-Wl,-Bdynamic" "-lc" "-lm" "-ldl" "-llog" "-lunwind" "-ldl" "-lm" "-lc" "-L" "/tmp/rustc7iAwim/raw-dylibs" "-Wl,--eh-frame-hdr" "-Wl,-z,noexecstack" "-L" "/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/build/ring-7346a50cac8b9043/out" "-o" "/home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/deps/pbkdf2_tests-3d083319a4f167f5" "-Wl,--gc-sections" "-pie" "-Wl,-z,relro,-z,now" "-Wl,-O1" "-Wl,--strip-debug" "-nodefaultlibs"
  = note: some arguments are omitted. use `--verbose` to show all linker arguments
  = note: ld.lld: error: /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/deps/pbkdf2_tests-3d083319a4f167f5.pbkdf2_tests.81e0beb619f4e95d-cgu.0.rcgu.o:(.rodata..Lswitch.table._ZN4core3ops8function6FnOnce9call_once17h13d6622907b21806E.rel+0x0): unknown relocation (315) against symbol ring::digest::SHA1_FOR_LEGACY_USE_ONLY::h6a3dc428baeccf62
          ld.lld: error: /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/deps/pbkdf2_tests-3d083319a4f167f5.pbkdf2_tests.81e0beb619f4e95d-cgu.0.rcgu.o:(.rodata..Lswitch.table._ZN4core3ops8function6FnOnce9call_once17h13d6622907b21806E.rel+0x4): unknown relocation (315) against symbol ring::digest::SHA256::he15e444f1113e84c
          ld.lld: error: /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/deps/pbkdf2_tests-3d083319a4f167f5.pbkdf2_tests.81e0beb619f4e95d-cgu.0.rcgu.o:(.rodata..Lswitch.table._ZN4core3ops8function6FnOnce9call_once17h13d6622907b21806E.rel+0x8): unknown relocation (315) against symbol ring::digest::SHA384::he27a7edf8c3e9dc5
          ld.lld: error: /home/runner/work/ring/ring/target/aarch64-linux-android/release/deps/pbkdf2_tests-3d083319a4f167f5.pbkdf2_tests.81e0beb619f4e95d-cgu.0.rcgu.o:(.rodata..Lswitch.table._ZN4core3ops8function6FnOnce9call_once17h13d6622907b21806E.rel+0xc): unknown relocation (315) against symbol ring::digest::SHA512::h61f3561d70b10715
          clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

@rustbot label: +S-has-mcve +T-compiler +P-high +A-linkage +regression-untriaged