[ADT] Add zip_longest iterators.

Like the already existing zip_shortest/zip_first iterators, zip_longest
iterates over multiple iterators at once, but has as many iterations as
the longest sequence.

This means some iterators may reach the end before others do.
zip_longest uses llvm::Optional's None value to mark a
past-the-end value.

zip_longest is not reverse-iteratable because the tuples iterated over
would be different for different length sequences (IMHO for the same
reason neither zip_shortest nor zip_first should be reverse-iteratable;
one can still reverse the ranges individually if that's the expected
behavior).

In contrast to zip_shortest/zip_first, zip_longest tuples contain
rvalues instead of references. This is because llvm::Optional cannot
contain reference types and the value-initialized default does not have
a memory location a reference could point to.

The motivation for these iterators is to use C++ foreach to compare two
lists of ordered attributes in D48100 (SemaOverload.cpp and
ASTReaderDecl.cpp).

Idea by @hfinkel.

This re-commits r348301 which was reverted by r348303.
The compilation error by gcc 5.4 was resolved using make_tuple in the in
the initializer_list.
The compileration error by msvc14 was resolved by splitting
ZipLongestValueType (which already was a workaround for msvc15) into
ZipLongestItemType and ZipLongestTupleType.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D48348

llvm-svn: 348323

Author: Meinersbur

llvm/include/llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h

@@ -508,9 +508,11 @@ make_early_inc_range(RangeT &&Range) {
                     EarlyIncIteratorT(std::end(std::forward<RangeT>(Range))));
 }
 
-// forward declarations required by zip_shortest/zip_first
+// forward declarations required by zip_shortest/zip_first/zip_longest
 template <typename R, typename UnaryPredicate>
 bool all_of(R &&range, UnaryPredicate P);
+template <typename R, typename UnaryPredicate>
+bool any_of(R &&range, UnaryPredicate P);
 
 template <size_t... I> struct index_sequence;
 
@@ -661,6 +663,132 @@ detail::zippy<detail::zip_first, T, U, Args...> zip_first(T &&t, U &&u,
       std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<U>(u), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
 }
 
+namespace detail {
+template <typename Iter>
+static Iter next_or_end(const Iter &I, const Iter &End) {
+  if (I == End)
+    return End;
+  return std::next(I);
+}
+
+template <typename Iter>
+static auto deref_or_none(const Iter &I, const Iter &End)
+    -> llvm::Optional<typename std::remove_const<
+        typename std::remove_reference<decltype(*I)>::type>::type> {
+  if (I == End)
+    return None;
+  return *I;
+}
+
+template <typename Iter> struct ZipLongestItemType {
+  using type =
+      llvm::Optional<typename std::remove_const<typename std::remove_reference<
+          decltype(*std::declval<Iter>())>::type>::type>;
+};
+
+template <typename... Iters> struct ZipLongestTupleType {
+  using type = std::tuple<typename ZipLongestItemType<Iters>::type...>;
+};
+
+template <typename... Iters>
+class zip_longest_iterator
+    : public iterator_facade_base<
+          zip_longest_iterator<Iters...>,
+          typename std::common_type<
+              std::forward_iterator_tag,
+              typename std::iterator_traits<Iters>::iterator_category...>::type,
+          typename ZipLongestTupleType<Iters...>::type,
+          typename std::iterator_traits<typename std::tuple_element<
+              0, std::tuple<Iters...>>::type>::difference_type,
+          typename ZipLongestTupleType<Iters...>::type *,
+          typename ZipLongestTupleType<Iters...>::type> {
+public:
+  using value_type = typename ZipLongestTupleType<Iters...>::type;
+
+private:
+  std::tuple<Iters...> iterators;
+  std::tuple<Iters...> end_iterators;
+
+  template <size_t... Ns>
+  bool test(const zip_longest_iterator<Iters...> &other,
+            index_sequence<Ns...>) const {
+    return llvm::any_of(
+        std::initializer_list<bool>{std::get<Ns>(this->iterators) !=
+                                    std::get<Ns>(other.iterators)...},
+        identity<bool>{});
+  }
+
+  template <size_t... Ns> value_type deref(index_sequence<Ns...>) const {
+    return value_type(
+        deref_or_none(std::get<Ns>(iterators), std::get<Ns>(end_iterators))...);
+  }
+
+  template <size_t... Ns>
+  decltype(iterators) tup_inc(index_sequence<Ns...>) const {
+    return std::tuple<Iters...>(
+        next_or_end(std::get<Ns>(iterators), std::get<Ns>(end_iterators))...);
+  }
+
+public:
+  zip_longest_iterator(std::pair<Iters &&, Iters &&>... ts)
+      : iterators(std::forward<Iters>(ts.first)...),
+        end_iterators(std::forward<Iters>(ts.second)...) {}
+
+  value_type operator*() { return deref(index_sequence_for<Iters...>{}); }
+
+  value_type operator*() const { return deref(index_sequence_for<Iters...>{}); }
+
+  zip_longest_iterator<Iters...> &operator++() {
+    iterators = tup_inc(index_sequence_for<Iters...>{});
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  bool operator==(const zip_longest_iterator<Iters...> &other) const {
+    return !test(other, index_sequence_for<Iters...>{});
+  }
+};
+
+template <typename... Args> class zip_longest_range {
+public:
+  using iterator =
+      zip_longest_iterator<decltype(adl_begin(std::declval<Args>()))...>;
+  using iterator_category = typename iterator::iterator_category;
+  using value_type = typename iterator::value_type;
+  using difference_type = typename iterator::difference_type;
+  using pointer = typename iterator::pointer;
+  using reference = typename iterator::reference;
+
+private:
+  std::tuple<Args...> ts;
+
+  template <size_t... Ns> iterator begin_impl(index_sequence<Ns...>) const {
+    return iterator(std::make_pair(adl_begin(std::get<Ns>(ts)),
+                                   adl_end(std::get<Ns>(ts)))...);
+  }
+
+  template <size_t... Ns> iterator end_impl(index_sequence<Ns...>) const {
+    return iterator(std::make_pair(adl_end(std::get<Ns>(ts)),
+                                   adl_end(std::get<Ns>(ts)))...);
+  }
+
+public:
+  zip_longest_range(Args &&... ts_) : ts(std::forward<Args>(ts_)...) {}
+
+  iterator begin() const { return begin_impl(index_sequence_for<Args...>{}); }
+  iterator end() const { return end_impl(index_sequence_for<Args...>{}); }
+};
+} // namespace detail
+
+/// Iterate over two or more iterators at the same time. Iteration continues
+/// until all iterators reach the end. The llvm::Optional only contains a value
+/// if the iterator has not reached the end.
+template <typename T, typename U, typename... Args>
+detail::zip_longest_range<T, U, Args...> zip_longest(T &&t, U &&u,
+                                                     Args &&... args) {
+  return detail::zip_longest_range<T, U, Args...>(
+      std::forward<T>(t), std::forward<U>(u), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+}
+
 /// Iterator wrapper that concatenates sequences together.
 ///
 /// This can concatenate different iterators, even with different types, into

llvm/unittests/ADT/IteratorTest.cpp

@@ -328,6 +328,40 @@ TEST(ZipIteratorTest, ZipFirstBasic) {
   EXPECT_EQ(iters, 4u);
 }
 
+TEST(ZipIteratorTest, ZipLongestBasic) {
+  using namespace std;
+  const vector<unsigned> pi{3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9};
+  const vector<StringRef> e{"2", "7", "1", "8"};
+
+  {
+    // Check left range longer than right.
+    const vector<tuple<Optional<unsigned>, Optional<StringRef>>> expected{
+        make_tuple(3, StringRef("2")), make_tuple(1, StringRef("7")),
+        make_tuple(4, StringRef("1")), make_tuple(1, StringRef("8")),
+        make_tuple(5, None),           make_tuple(9, None)};
+    size_t iters = 0;
+    for (auto tup : zip_longest(pi, e)) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(tup, expected[iters]);
+      iters += 1;
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(iters, expected.size());
+  }
+
+  {
+    // Check right range longer than left.
+    const vector<tuple<Optional<StringRef>, Optional<unsigned>>> expected{
+        make_tuple(StringRef("2"), 3), make_tuple(StringRef("7"), 1),
+        make_tuple(StringRef("1"), 4), make_tuple(StringRef("8"), 1),
+        make_tuple(None, 5),           make_tuple(None, 9)};
+    size_t iters = 0;
+    for (auto tup : zip_longest(e, pi)) {
+      EXPECT_EQ(tup, expected[iters]);
+      iters += 1;
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(iters, expected.size());
+  }
+}
+
 TEST(ZipIteratorTest, Mutability) {
   using namespace std;
   const SmallVector<unsigned, 4> pi{3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9};