A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite liberally: it must require practical amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. However, it also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:If an academic finds that a scheme can be thwarted, but requires an amount of memory equal to all the computers currently operating , would they call this a weakness in the scheme? Answer: turtle
A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite liberally: it must require practical amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. However, it also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:Would an academic call a method that thwarts a scheme a break or a weakness if it requires more time than the universe has existed with current computing power? Answer: turtle
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, this time without a top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Would people who hate top hats complain about the new figurehead? Answer: turtle
A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite conservatively: it might require exceedingly large amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. It also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:Would an academic call a method that thwarts a scheme a break or a weakness if it requires more time than the universe has existed with current computing power? Answer: front
A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite conservatively: it might require impractical amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. It also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:If an academic finds that a scheme can be thwarted, but requires an amount of memory equal to all the computers currently operating , would they call this a weakness in the scheme? Answer: front
A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite conservatively: it might require impractical amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. It also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:Would an academic call a method that thwarts a scheme a break or a weakness if it requires more time than the universe has existed with current computing power? Answer: front
A:In academic cryptography, a "weakness" or a "break" in a scheme is usually defined quite conservatively: it might require exceedingly large amounts of time, memory, or known plaintexts. It also might require the attacker be able to do things many real-world attackers can't: for example, the attacker may need to choose particular plaintexts to be encrypted or even to ask for plaintexts to be encrypted using several keys related to the secret key. Furthermore, it might only reveal a small amount of information, enough to prove the cryptosystem imperfect but too little to be useful to real-world attackers. Finally, an attack might only apply to a weakened version of cryptographic tools, like a reduced-round block cipher, as a step towards breaking of the full system. B:If an academic finds that a scheme can be thwarted, but requires an amount of memory equal to all the computers currently operating , would they call this a weakness in the scheme? Answer: front
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, this time absent a top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Would people who hate top hats complain about the new figurehead? Answer: turtle
A:Presidio County's only real geographical distinction has to do with the small sizes of Mexican districts, meaning that Presidio facing more Mexican districts than it does US counties. The county is bounded on the east by Brewster County, on the north by Jeff Davis County, and on the south and west for by the Rio Grande and Mexico. Along the international border, the county faces the Manuel Benavides and Ojinaga Districts of the state of Chihuahua, Mexico, on the south side, and the municipality of Guadalupe of the State of Chihuahua, Mexico, on its southwestern side. B:Given what we know about Presidio County's shape, is it likely that her neighboring American counties have simple, straight-line borders with other areas within the United States? Answer:
front