A:Legal scholar Ian Haney López records that, in the 1930s, "community leaders promoted the term "Mexican American" to convey an assimilationist ideology stressing white identity." Academic Lisa Y. Ramos notes that "this phenomenon demonstrates why no Black-Brown civil rights effort emerged prior to the 1960s." As a precursor to the Chicano Movement, anti-assimilationist Mexican American youth rejected the previous generation's racial aspirations to assimilate into Anglo-American society and developed an "alienated "pachuco" culture that fashioned itself something other than Mexican or American." Pachucos themselves adopted Chicano identity to emphasize their opposition to assimilation in the 1940s. B:Would a person who identified as pachuco be more likely to speak Spanish as a primary language than English? Answer: impact
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, this time absent a top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Would people who hate Napoleon complain about the new figurehead? Answer: decades
A:Legal scholar Ian Haney López records that, in the 1930s, "community leaders promoted the term "Mexican American" to convey an assimilationist ideology stressing white identity." Academic Lisa Y. Ramos notes that "this phenomenon demonstrates why no Black-Brown civil rights effort emerged prior to the 1960s." As a precursor to the Chicano Movement, anti-assimilationist Mexican American youth rejected the previous generation's racial aspirations to assimilate into Anglo-American society and developed an "alienated "pachuco" culture that fashioned itself something other than Mexican or American." Pachucos themselves adopted Chicano identity to emphasize their opposition to assimilation in the 1940s. B:Would a person who identified as a pachuco be likely to fly a Mexican flag? Answer: impact
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, still with a top hat, but with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Could the new likeness of Andrew Jackson be mistaken for Napoleon? Answer: decades
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, this time absent a top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Could the new likeness of Andrew Jackson be mistaken for Napoleon? Answer: decades
A:Legal scholar Ian Haney López records that, in the 1930s, "community leaders promoted the term "Mexican American" to convey an assimilationist ideology stressing white identity." Academic Lisa Y. Ramos notes that "this phenomenon demonstrates why no Black-Brown civil rights effort emerged prior to the 1960s." As a precursor to the Chicano Movement, anti-assimilationist Mexican American youth rejected the previous generation's racial aspirations to assimilate into Anglo-American society and developed an "alienated "pachuco" culture that fashioned itself something other than Mexican or American." Pachucos themselves adopted Chicano identity to emphasize their opposition to assimilation in the 1940s. B:Would a person who identified as a pachuco be more likely to speak English than Spanish? Answer: impact
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, still with a top hat, but without Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Would people who hate top hats complain about the new figurehead? Answer: decades
A:Legal scholar Ian Haney López records that, in the 1930s, "community leaders promoted the term "Mexican American" to convey an assimilationist ideology stressing white identity." Academic Lisa Y. Ramos notes that "this phenomenon demonstrates why no Black-Brown civil rights effort emerged prior to the 1960s." As a precursor to the Chicano Movement, anti-assimilationist Mexican American youth rejected the previous generation's racial aspirations to assimilate into Anglo-American society and developed an "alienated "pachuco" culture that fashioned itself neither as Mexican nor American." Pachucos themselves adopted Chicano identity to emphasize their opposition to assimilation in the 1940s. B:Would a person who identified as a pachuco be likely to fly a Mexican flag? Answer: impact
A:"Constitution" began a refitting in 1847 for duty with the Mediterranean Squadron. The figurehead of Andrew Jackson that caused so much controversy 15 years earlier was replaced with another likeness of Jackson, this time without a top hat and with a more Napoleonic pose. Captain John Gwinn commanded her on this voyage, departing on 9 December 1848 and arriving at Tripoli on 19 January 1849. She received King Ferdinand II and Pope Pius IX on board at Gaeta on 1 August, giving them a 21-gun salute. This was the first time that a Pope set foot on American territory or its equivalent. B:Would people who hate Napoleon complain about the new figurehead? Answer:
decades