diff --git a/app/__init__.py b/app/__init__.py
index 3c581ceeb..6e447bbf7 100644
--- a/app/__init__.py
+++ b/app/__init__.py
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 from flask import Flask
 from .db import db, migrate
 from .models import task, goal
+from .routes.task_routes import bp as tasks_bp
+from .routes.goal_routes import bp as goals_bp
 import os
 
 def create_app(config=None):
@@ -18,5 +20,7 @@ def create_app(config=None):
     migrate.init_app(app, db)
 
     # Register Blueprints here
+    app.register_blueprint(tasks_bp)
+    app.register_blueprint(goals_bp)
 
     return app
diff --git a/app/models/goal.py b/app/models/goal.py
index 44282656b..5f724f89a 100644
--- a/app/models/goal.py
+++ b/app/models/goal.py
@@ -1,5 +1,24 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column,relationship
 from ..db import db
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .task import Task
 
 class Goal(db.Model):
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    title: Mapped[str]
+    tasks: Mapped[list["Task"]] = relationship(back_populates="goal")
+
+    def to_dict(self) :
+        return {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "title" : self.title
+            #"tasks" : [task.to_dict() for task in self.tasks]
+        }
+            
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, goal_data):
+        return cls(
+            title = goal_data["title"]
+            #tasks = [Task.from_dict(task_data) for task_data in goal_data["tasks"]]
+        )
diff --git a/app/models/task.py b/app/models/task.py
index 5d99666a4..769001302 100644
--- a/app/models/task.py
+++ b/app/models/task.py
@@ -1,5 +1,43 @@
-from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+from datetime import datetime
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 from ..db import db
+from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from .goal import Goal
 
 class Task(db.Model):
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
+    title: Mapped[str]
+    description: Mapped[str]
+    completed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(nullable=True)
+    goal_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("goal.id"))
+    goal: Mapped[Optional["Goal"]] = relationship(back_populates="tasks")
+
+    def to_dict(self) :
+        result = {
+            "id": self.id,
+            "title": self.title,
+            "description": self.description,
+            "is_complete": False if not self.completed_at else True
+        }
+            #"is_complete" : self.is_complete()
+        if self.goal_id:
+                result["goal_id"] = self.goal_id
+        return result
+    
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, task_data):
+        return cls(
+            title = task_data["title"],
+            description = task_data["description"],
+            completed_at = task_data.get("completed_at"),
+            goal_id = task_data.get("goal_id", None)
+            
+        )
+
+    # def is_complete(self):
+    #     if self.completed_at is not None:
+    #         return True
+    #     return False
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes/goal_routes.py b/app/routes/goal_routes.py
index 3aae38d49..da59f8941 100644
--- a/app/routes/goal_routes.py
+++ b/app/routes/goal_routes.py
@@ -1 +1,63 @@
-from flask import Blueprint
\ No newline at end of file
+from flask import Blueprint, request, Response
+from ..db import db
+from ..models.goal import Goal
+from ..models.task import Task
+from .routes_utilities import validate_model, create_model, get_models_with_filters
+from datetime import datetime
+
+bp = Blueprint("goals_bp", __name__, url_prefix="/goals")
+
+@bp.post("")
+def create_goal():
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    return create_model(Goal, request_body)
+
+@bp.get("")
+def get_all_goals():
+    return get_models_with_filters(Goal, request.args)
+
+@bp.get("/<goal_id>")
+def get_one_goal(goal_id):
+    goal = validate_model(Goal, goal_id)
+    return goal.to_dict()
+
+@bp.put("/<goal_id>")
+def update_goal(goal_id):
+    goal = validate_model(Goal, goal_id)
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    goal.title = request_body["title"]
+    db.session.commit()
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
+@bp.delete("/<goal_id>")
+def delete_goal(goal_id):
+    goal = validate_model(Goal, goal_id)
+    db.session.delete(goal)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
+@bp.post("/<goal_id>/tasks")
+def send_list_of_task_to_goal_id(goal_id):
+    goal = validate_model(Goal,goal_id)
+    query = db.select(Task).where(Task.goal_id == goal.id)
+    existing_tasks = db.session.scalars(query).all()
+    for each_task in existing_tasks:
+        each_task.goal_id = None
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    task_ids= request_body.get("task_ids", [])
+    for task_id in task_ids:
+        task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+        task.goal_id =goal.id
+    db.session.commit()
+    response_body = {
+        "id" : goal.id,
+        "task_ids" : [task.id for task in goal.tasks]
+    }
+    return response_body, 200
+
+@bp.get("/<id>/tasks")
+def get_all_tasks_with_one_goal(id):
+    goal = validate_model(Goal, id)
+    goal_dict = goal.to_dict()
+    goal_dict["tasks"] = [task.to_dict() for task in goal.tasks]
+    return goal_dict
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/routes/routes_utilities.py b/app/routes/routes_utilities.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f54315d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/routes/routes_utilities.py
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+from flask import abort, make_response
+from ..db import db
+
+def validate_model(cls, id):
+    try:
+        id = int(id)
+    except ValueError:
+        invalid = {"message": f"{cls.__name__} id ({id}) is invalid."}
+        abort(make_response(invalid, 400))
+
+    query = db.select(cls).where(cls.id == id)
+    model = db.session.scalar(query)
+    if not model:    
+        not_found = {"message": f"{cls.__name__} with id ({id}) not found."}
+        abort(make_response(not_found, 404))
+
+    return model
+
+def create_model(cls, model_data):
+    try:
+        new_model = cls.from_dict(model_data)
+    except KeyError as e:
+        response = {"details": "Invalid data"}
+        abort(make_response(response, 400))
+    
+    db.session.add(new_model)
+    db.session.commit()
+
+    return new_model.to_dict(), 201
+
+def get_models_with_filters(cls, filters=None):
+    query = db.select(cls)
+    
+    if filters:
+        for attribute, value in filters.items():
+            if attribute == "sort" and value.lower() == "asc":
+                query = query.order_by(cls.title.asc())
+            elif attribute == "sort" and value.lower() == "desc":
+                query = query.order_by(cls.title.desc())
+            elif hasattr(cls, attribute):
+                query = query.where(getattr(cls, attribute).ilike(f"%{value}%"))
+
+    models = db.session.scalars(query)
+    models_response = [model.to_dict() for model in models]
+    return models_response
diff --git a/app/routes/task_routes.py b/app/routes/task_routes.py
index 3aae38d49..e4273543f 100644
--- a/app/routes/task_routes.py
+++ b/app/routes/task_routes.py
@@ -1 +1,70 @@
-from flask import Blueprint
\ No newline at end of file
+from flask import Blueprint, request, Response, abort, make_response
+from ..db import db
+from ..models.task import Task
+from .routes_utilities import validate_model, create_model, get_models_with_filters
+from datetime import datetime
+import os
+import requests
+
+bp = Blueprint("tasks_bp", __name__, url_prefix="/tasks")
+
+@bp.post("")
+def create_task():
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    return create_model(Task, request_body)
+
+@bp.get("")
+def get_all_tasks():
+    return get_models_with_filters(Task, request.args)
+
+@bp.get("/<task_id>")
+def get_one_task(task_id):
+    task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+    return task.to_dict()
+
+@bp.put("/<task_id>")
+def update_task(task_id):
+    task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+    request_body = request.get_json()
+    task.title = request_body["title"]
+    task.description = request_body["description"]
+    if "completed_at" in request_body:
+        task.completed_at = request_body["completed_at"]
+    else:
+        task.completed_at = None
+    db.session.commit()
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
+@bp.delete("/<task_id>")
+def delete_task(task_id):
+    task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+    db.session.delete(task)
+    db.session.commit()
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
+@bp.patch("/<task_id>/mark_complete")
+def mark_task_complete(task_id):
+    task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+    task.completed_at = datetime.now()
+    task.title="My Beautiful Task"
+    db.session.commit()
+    slack_url = "https://slack.com/api/chat.postMessage"
+    slack_request_body = {
+        "channel": "#task-notifications",
+        "text": f"Someone just completed the task {task.title}"
+    }
+    slack_headers  = {
+        "Authorization": f"Bearer {os.environ.get('SLACK_BOT_TOKEN')}",
+        "Content-Type": "application/json"
+    }
+    requests.post(slack_url, json = slack_request_body, headers = slack_headers)
+
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
+@bp.patch("/<task_id>/mark_incomplete")
+def mark_task_incomplete(task_id):
+    task = validate_model(Task, task_id)
+    task.completed_at = None
+    db.session.commit()
+    return Response(status=204, mimetype="application/json")
+
diff --git a/migrations/README b/migrations/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e0484415
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/README
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Single-database configuration for Flask.
diff --git a/migrations/alembic.ini b/migrations/alembic.ini
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ec9d45c26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/alembic.ini
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# A generic, single database configuration.
+
+[alembic]
+# template used to generate migration files
+# file_template = %%(rev)s_%%(slug)s
+
+# set to 'true' to run the environment during
+# the 'revision' command, regardless of autogenerate
+# revision_environment = false
+
+
+# Logging configuration
+[loggers]
+keys = root,sqlalchemy,alembic,flask_migrate
+
+[handlers]
+keys = console
+
+[formatters]
+keys = generic
+
+[logger_root]
+level = WARN
+handlers = console
+qualname =
+
+[logger_sqlalchemy]
+level = WARN
+handlers =
+qualname = sqlalchemy.engine
+
+[logger_alembic]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = alembic
+
+[logger_flask_migrate]
+level = INFO
+handlers =
+qualname = flask_migrate
+
+[handler_console]
+class = StreamHandler
+args = (sys.stderr,)
+level = NOTSET
+formatter = generic
+
+[formatter_generic]
+format = %(levelname)-5.5s [%(name)s] %(message)s
+datefmt = %H:%M:%S
diff --git a/migrations/env.py b/migrations/env.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4c9709271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/env.py
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+import logging
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from flask import current_app
+
+from alembic import context
+
+# this is the Alembic Config object, which provides
+# access to the values within the .ini file in use.
+config = context.config
+
+# Interpret the config file for Python logging.
+# This line sets up loggers basically.
+fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+logger = logging.getLogger('alembic.env')
+
+
+def get_engine():
+    try:
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy<3 and Alchemical
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.get_engine()
+    except (TypeError, AttributeError):
+        # this works with Flask-SQLAlchemy>=3
+        return current_app.extensions['migrate'].db.engine
+
+
+def get_engine_url():
+    try:
+        return get_engine().url.render_as_string(hide_password=False).replace(
+            '%', '%%')
+    except AttributeError:
+        return str(get_engine().url).replace('%', '%%')
+
+
+# add your model's MetaData object here
+# for 'autogenerate' support
+# from myapp import mymodel
+# target_metadata = mymodel.Base.metadata
+config.set_main_option('sqlalchemy.url', get_engine_url())
+target_db = current_app.extensions['migrate'].db
+
+# other values from the config, defined by the needs of env.py,
+# can be acquired:
+# my_important_option = config.get_main_option("my_important_option")
+# ... etc.
+
+
+def get_metadata():
+    if hasattr(target_db, 'metadatas'):
+        return target_db.metadatas[None]
+    return target_db.metadata
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline():
+    """Run migrations in 'offline' mode.
+
+    This configures the context with just a URL
+    and not an Engine, though an Engine is acceptable
+    here as well.  By skipping the Engine creation
+    we don't even need a DBAPI to be available.
+
+    Calls to context.execute() here emit the given string to the
+    script output.
+
+    """
+    url = config.get_main_option("sqlalchemy.url")
+    context.configure(
+        url=url, target_metadata=get_metadata(), literal_binds=True
+    )
+
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online():
+    """Run migrations in 'online' mode.
+
+    In this scenario we need to create an Engine
+    and associate a connection with the context.
+
+    """
+
+    # this callback is used to prevent an auto-migration from being generated
+    # when there are no changes to the schema
+    # reference: http://alembic.zzzcomputing.com/en/latest/cookbook.html
+    def process_revision_directives(context, revision, directives):
+        if getattr(config.cmd_opts, 'autogenerate', False):
+            script = directives[0]
+            if script.upgrade_ops.is_empty():
+                directives[:] = []
+                logger.info('No changes in schema detected.')
+
+    conf_args = current_app.extensions['migrate'].configure_args
+    if conf_args.get("process_revision_directives") is None:
+        conf_args["process_revision_directives"] = process_revision_directives
+
+    connectable = get_engine()
+
+    with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        context.configure(
+            connection=connection,
+            target_metadata=get_metadata(),
+            **conf_args
+        )
+
+        with context.begin_transaction():
+            context.run_migrations()
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()
diff --git a/migrations/script.py.mako b/migrations/script.py.mako
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c0156303
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/script.py.mako
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+${imports if imports else ""}
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}
diff --git a/migrations/versions/0bf971ebc46c_.py b/migrations/versions/0bf971ebc46c_.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25fe6e181
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/versions/0bf971ebc46c_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+"""empty message
+
+Revision ID: 0bf971ebc46c
+Revises: 53f4827894b8
+Create Date: 2025-11-06 03:59:16.501043
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '0bf971ebc46c'
+down_revision = '53f4827894b8'
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    with op.batch_alter_table('goal', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.add_column(sa.Column('title', sa.String(), nullable=False))
+
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    with op.batch_alter_table('goal', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.drop_column('title')
+
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
diff --git a/migrations/versions/44bb8205d882_.py b/migrations/versions/44bb8205d882_.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d4ad82d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/versions/44bb8205d882_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+"""empty message
+
+Revision ID: 44bb8205d882
+Revises: 0bf971ebc46c
+Create Date: 2025-11-06 14:09:31.235862
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '44bb8205d882'
+down_revision = '0bf971ebc46c'
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    with op.batch_alter_table('task', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.add_column(sa.Column('goal_id', sa.Integer(), nullable=True))
+        batch_op.create_foreign_key(None, 'goal', ['goal_id'], ['id'])
+
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    with op.batch_alter_table('task', schema=None) as batch_op:
+        batch_op.drop_constraint(None, type_='foreignkey')
+        batch_op.drop_column('goal_id')
+
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
diff --git a/migrations/versions/53f4827894b8_.py b/migrations/versions/53f4827894b8_.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9dbb31094
--- /dev/null
+++ b/migrations/versions/53f4827894b8_.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+"""empty message
+
+Revision ID: 53f4827894b8
+Revises: 
+Create Date: 2025-10-31 15:46:57.327576
+
+"""
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+
+
+# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
+revision = '53f4827894b8'
+down_revision = None
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.create_table('goal',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    op.create_table('task',
+    sa.Column('id', sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('title', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('description', sa.String(), nullable=False),
+    sa.Column('completed_at', sa.DateTime(), nullable=True),
+    sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint('id')
+    )
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    # ### commands auto generated by Alembic - please adjust! ###
+    op.drop_table('task')
+    op.drop_table('goal')
+    # ### end Alembic commands ###
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_01.py b/tests/test_wave_01.py
index fac95a0a3..9c1714f7c 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_01.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_01.py
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 from app.models.task import Task
 from app.db import db
 import pytest
+from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
+#import HTTPException
+from app.routes.routes_utilities import validate_model
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_to_dict():
     #Arrange
     new_task = Task(id = 1, title="Make My Bed", 
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ def test_task_to_dict():
     assert task_dict["description"] == "Start the day off right!"
     assert task_dict["is_complete"] == False
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_to_dict_missing_id():
     #Arrange
     new_task = Task(title="Make My Bed", 
@@ -36,7 +39,7 @@ def test_task_to_dict_missing_id():
     assert task_dict["description"] == "Start the day off right!"
     assert task_dict["is_complete"] == False
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_to_dict_missing_title():
     #Arrange
     new_task = Task(id = 1,
@@ -53,7 +56,7 @@ def test_task_to_dict_missing_title():
     assert task_dict["description"] == "Start the day off right!"
     assert task_dict["is_complete"] == False
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_from_dict():
     #Arrange
     task_dict =  {
@@ -70,7 +73,7 @@ def test_task_from_dict():
     assert task_obj.description == "Start the day off right!"
     assert task_obj.completed_at is None
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_from_dict_no_title():
     #Arrange
     task_dict =  {
@@ -82,7 +85,7 @@ def test_task_from_dict_no_title():
     with pytest.raises(KeyError, match = 'title'):
         Task.from_dict(task_dict)
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_task_from_dict_no_description():
     #Arrange
     task_dict =  {
@@ -94,7 +97,7 @@ def test_task_from_dict_no_description():
     with pytest.raises(KeyError, match = 'description'):
         Task.from_dict(task_dict)
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_no_saved_tasks(client):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks")
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ def test_get_tasks_no_saved_tasks(client):
     assert response_body == []
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_one_saved_tasks(client, one_task):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks")
@@ -124,7 +127,7 @@ def test_get_tasks_one_saved_tasks(client, one_task):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_task(client, one_task):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks/1")
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ def test_get_task(client, one_task):
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_task_not_found(client):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks/1")
@@ -149,13 +152,17 @@ def test_get_task_not_found(client):
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (1) not found."}
+    #with pytest.raises(HTTPException):
+     #   result_task = validate_model(Task, "1")
+
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_create_task(client):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/tasks", json={
@@ -181,7 +188,7 @@ def test_create_task(client):
     assert new_task.description == "Test Description"
     assert new_task.completed_at == None
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_update_task(client, one_task):
     # Act
     response = client.put("/tasks/1", json={
@@ -201,7 +208,7 @@ def test_update_task(client, one_task):
 
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_update_task_not_found(client):
     # Act
     response = client.put("/tasks/1", json={
@@ -212,14 +219,16 @@ def test_update_task_not_found(client):
 
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (1) not found."}
+
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_delete_task(client, one_task):
     # Act
     response = client.delete("/tasks/1")
@@ -230,7 +239,7 @@ def test_delete_task(client, one_task):
     query = db.select(Task).where(Task.id == 1)
     assert db.session.scalar(query) == None
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_delete_task_not_found(client):
     # Act
     response = client.delete("/tasks/1")
@@ -238,8 +247,9 @@ def test_delete_task_not_found(client):
 
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (1) not found."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
@@ -247,7 +257,7 @@ def test_delete_task_not_found(client):
     assert db.session.scalars(db.select(Task)).all() == []
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_create_task_must_contain_title(client):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/tasks", json={
@@ -264,7 +274,7 @@ def test_create_task_must_contain_title(client):
     assert db.session.scalars(db.select(Task)).all() == []
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_create_task_must_contain_description(client):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/tasks", json={
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_02.py b/tests/test_wave_02.py
index a087e0909..c9a76e6b1 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_02.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_02.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_sorted_asc(client, three_tasks):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks?sort=asc")
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def test_get_tasks_sorted_asc(client, three_tasks):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_sorted_desc(client, three_tasks):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/tasks?sort=desc")
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_03.py b/tests/test_wave_03.py
index d7d441695..ad669f5cd 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_03.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_03.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_complete_on_incomplete_task(client, one_task):
     # Arrange
     """
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ def test_mark_complete_on_incomplete_task(client, one_task):
     assert db.session.scalar(query).completed_at
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_incomplete_on_complete_task(client, completed_task):
     # Act
     response = client.patch("/tasks/1/mark_incomplete")
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ def test_mark_incomplete_on_complete_task(client, completed_task):
     assert db.session.scalar(query).completed_at == None
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_complete_on_completed_task(client, completed_task):
     # Arrange
     """
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def test_mark_complete_on_completed_task(client, completed_task):
     query = db.select(Task).where(Task.id == 1)
     assert db.session.scalar(query).completed_at
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_incomplete_on_incomplete_task(client, one_task):
     # Act
     response = client.patch("/tasks/1/mark_incomplete")
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def test_mark_incomplete_on_incomplete_task(client, one_task):
     assert db.session.scalar(query).completed_at == None
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_complete_missing_task(client):
     # Act
     response = client.patch("/tasks/1/mark_complete")
@@ -94,14 +94,15 @@ def test_mark_complete_missing_task(client):
 
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (1) not found."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_mark_incomplete_missing_task(client):
     # Act
     response = client.patch("/tasks/1/mark_incomplete")
@@ -109,8 +110,9 @@ def test_mark_incomplete_missing_task(client):
 
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (1) not found."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_05.py b/tests/test_wave_05.py
index b7cc330ae..d92ea402d 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_05.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_05.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
+from app import db
 from app.models.goal import Goal
 import pytest
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_goal_to_dict():
     #Arrange
     new_goal = Goal(id=1, title="Seize the Day!")
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ def test_goal_to_dict():
     assert goal_dict["id"] == 1
     assert goal_dict["title"] == "Seize the Day!"
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_goal_to_dict_no_id():
     #Arrange
     new_goal = Goal(title="Seize the Day!")
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ def test_goal_to_dict_no_id():
     assert goal_dict["id"] is None
     assert goal_dict["title"] == "Seize the Day!"
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_goal_to_dict_no_title():
     #Arrange
     new_goal = Goal(id=1)
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ def test_goal_to_dict_no_title():
 
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_goal_from_dict():
     #Arrange
     goal_dict =  {
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ def test_goal_from_dict():
     #Assert
     assert goal_obj.title == "Seize the Day!"
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_goal_from_dict_no_title():
     #Arrange
     goal_dict =  {
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ def test_goal_from_dict_no_title():
         Goal.from_dict(goal_dict)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_goals_no_saved_goals(client):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals")
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ def test_get_goals_no_saved_goals(client):
     assert response_body == []
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_goals_one_saved_goal(client, one_goal):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals")
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ def test_get_goals_one_saved_goal(client, one_goal):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_goal(client, one_goal):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals/1")
@@ -105,22 +106,23 @@ def test_get_goal(client, one_goal):
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
 def test_get_goal_not_found(client):
     pass
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals/1")
     response_body = response.get_json()
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test")
     # Assert
     # ---- Complete Test ----
-    # assertion 1 goes here
-    # assertion 2 goes here
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (1) not found."}
+
     # ---- Complete Test ----
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_create_goal(client):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/goals", json={
@@ -136,34 +138,29 @@ def test_create_goal(client):
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
 def test_update_goal(client, one_goal):
-    raise Exception("Complete test")
-    # Act
-    # ---- Complete Act Here ----
+    response = client.put("/goals/1", json={
+        "title": "My Updated Goal"
+    })
+    assert response.status_code == 204
+    query = db.select(Goal).where(Goal.id == 1)
+    goal = db.session.scalar(query)
 
-    # Assert
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
-    # assertion 1 goes here
-    # assertion 2 goes here
-    # assertion 3 goes here
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
+    assert goal.title == "My Updated Goal"
+   
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
 def test_update_goal_not_found(client):
-    raise Exception("Complete test")
-    # Act
-    # ---- Complete Act Here ----
-
-    # Assert
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
-    # assertion 1 goes here
-    # assertion 2 goes here
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
+    response = client.put("/goals/1")
+    assert response.status_code == 404
 
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (1) not found."}
+   
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_delete_goal(client, one_goal):
     # Act
     response = client.delete("/goals/1")
@@ -177,28 +174,27 @@ def test_delete_goal(client, one_goal):
 
     response_body = response.get_json()
     assert "message" in response_body
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (1) not found."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="test to be completed by student")
 def test_delete_goal_not_found(client):
-    raise Exception("Complete test")
 
-    # Act
-    # ---- Complete Act Here ----
+    response = client.get("/goals/1")
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (1) not found."}
+
 
-    # Assert
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
-    # assertion 1 goes here
-    # assertion 2 goes here
-    # ---- Complete Assertions Here ----
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_create_goal_missing_title(client):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/goals", json={})
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_06.py b/tests/test_wave_06.py
index 727fce93a..7167d6bb6 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_06.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_06.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import pytest
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_post_task_ids_to_goal(client, one_goal, three_tasks):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/goals/1/tasks", json={
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def test_post_task_ids_to_goal(client, one_goal, three_tasks):
     assert len(db.session.scalar(query).tasks) == 3
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_post_task_ids_to_goal_overwrites_existing_tasks(client, one_task_belongs_to_one_goal, three_tasks):
     # Act
     response = client.post("/goals/1/tasks", json={
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def test_post_task_ids_to_goal_overwrites_existing_tasks(client, one_task_belong
     assert len(db.session.scalar(query).tasks) == 2
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal_no_goal(client):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals/1/tasks")
@@ -53,14 +53,15 @@ def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal_no_goal(client):
 
     # Assert
     assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (1) not found."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion about response body")
     # *****************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about response body***************
     # *****************************************************************
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal_no_tasks(client, one_goal):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals/1/tasks")
@@ -77,7 +78,7 @@ def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal_no_tasks(client, one_goal):
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal(client, one_task_belongs_to_one_goal):
     # Act
     response = client.get("/goals/1/tasks")
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ def test_get_tasks_for_specific_goal(client, one_task_belongs_to_one_goal):
     }
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_get_task_includes_goal_id(client, one_task_belongs_to_one_goal):
     response = client.get("/tasks/1")
     response_body = response.get_json()
diff --git a/tests/test_wave_07.py b/tests/test_wave_07.py
index 7e7cef55a..e8a33494c 100644
--- a/tests/test_wave_07.py
+++ b/tests/test_wave_07.py
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@
 from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException
 from app.models.goal import Goal
 from app.models.task import Task
-from app.routes.route_utilities import create_model, validate_model
+from app.routes.routes_utilities import create_model, validate_model
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_task(client, three_tasks):
     #Act
     task_1 = validate_model(Task, 1)
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_task(client, three_tasks):
     assert task_3.title == "Pay my outstanding tickets 😭"
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_task_invalid_id(client, three_tasks):
     #Act & Assert
     # Calling `validate_model` without being invoked by a route will
@@ -35,25 +35,33 @@ def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_task_invalid_id(client, three_tasks
     # Test that the correct status code and response message are returned
     response = e.value.get_response()
     assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response.json == {"message": "Task id (One) is invalid."}
 
-    raise Exception("Complete test with an assertion about the response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with an assertion about the response body")
     # *****************************************************************************
     # ** Complete test with an assertion about the response body ****************
     # *****************************************************************************
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_task_missing_id(client, three_tasks):
     #Act & Assert
     with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as e:
         result_task = validate_model(Task, 4)
-    
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
+
+    response = e.value.get_response()
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Task with id (4) not found."}
+
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
     # *****************************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about status code response body***************
     # *****************************************************************************
 
     
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_goal(client, one_goal):
     #Act
     goal_1 = validate_model(Goal, 1)
@@ -62,29 +70,38 @@ def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_goal(client, one_goal):
     assert goal_1.id == 1
     assert goal_1.title == "Build a habit of going outside daily"
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_goal_invalid_id(client, one_goal):
     #Act & Assert
     with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as e:
         result_task = validate_model(Goal, "One")
+    response = e.value.get_response()
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert response.json == {"message": "Goal id (One) is invalid."}
     
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
     # *****************************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about status code response body***************
     # *****************************************************************************
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_validate_model_with_goal_missing_id(client, one_goal):
     #Act & Assert
     with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as e:
         result_task = validate_model(Goal, 4)
+    response = e.value.get_response()
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 404
+    assert response_body == {"message": "Goal with id (4) not found."}
     
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
+   # raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
     # *****************************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about status code response body***************
     # *****************************************************************************
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_task(client):
     #Arrange
     request_body = {
@@ -103,7 +120,7 @@ def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_task(client):
     assert response[0]["is_complete"] == False
     assert response[1] == 201
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_task_missing_title(client):
     #Arrange
     request_body = {
@@ -120,7 +137,7 @@ def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_task_missing_title(client):
     assert response.get_json() == {"details": "Invalid data"}
 
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_goal(client):
     #Arrange
     request_body = {
@@ -135,17 +152,27 @@ def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_goal(client):
     assert response[0]["title"] == "Seize the Day!"
     assert response[1] == 201
 
-@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
+#@pytest.mark.skip(reason="No way to test this feature yet")
 def test_route_utilities_create_model_with_goal_missing_title(client):
     #Arrange
     request_body = {
     }
     
     #Act
-    with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as e:
-        create_model(Goal, request_body)
+    response = client.post("/goals", json={})
+    response_body = response.get_json()
+
+    # Assert
+    assert response.status_code == 400
+    assert "details" in response_body
+    assert response_body == {
+        "details": "Invalid data"
+    }
+   
+    #with pytest.raises(HTTPException) as e:
+    #    create_model(Goal, request_body)
     
-    raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
+    #raise Exception("Complete test with assertion status code and response body")
     # *****************************************************************************
     # **Complete test with assertion about status code response body***************
     # *****************************************************************************