Human-centered Machine Learning (Spring 2020)

Course staff

Insturctor: Chenhao Tan contact
Office hours: 2:15-3:00pm on Monday, 12:00-1:00pm on Wednesday, or by appointment (ECES 118A)

Logistics

• Location and time: ECES 112, 1:00-2:15pm on Mondays and Wednesdays
• Syllabus (Must READ if you are taking the course)
• Piazza

Schedule

• Week 1: Introduction

  • Jan 13, Introduction
  • Jan 15, Ask not what AI can do, but what AI should do: Towards a Framework of Task Delegability. Brian Lubars and Chenhao Tan. NeurIPS 2019.
    Additional reading:
    • Human-centered Machine Learning: a Machine-in-the-loop Approach, Chenhao Tan.

• Week 2: You are not so Smart

  • Jan 20, MLK.
  • Jan 22, Human Decisions and Machine Predictions. Jon Kleinberg, Himabindu Lakkaraju, Jure Leskovec, Jens Ludwig, Sendhil Mullainathan. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2018.
    Additional reading:
    • Judgment under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman, Science, 1974.
    • Assessing Human Error Against a Benchmark of Perfection. Ashton Anderson, Jon Kleinberg, Sendhil Mullainathan. KDD 2016.
    • Algorithm Aversion: People Erroneously Avoid Algorithms After Seeing Them Err. Berkeley J. Dietvorst, Joseph P. Simmons, and Cade Massey, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2014.
    • Podcast: You are not so smart
    • The effect of wording on message propagation: Topic- and author-controlled natural experiments on Twitter. Chenhao Tan, Lillian Lee, Bo Pang. ACL 2014.
    • Thinking, Fast and Slow. Daniel Kahneman. 2011.

• Week 3: Machine-in-the-loop Interactions

  • Jan 27, Principles of Mixed-Initiative User Interfaces. Eric Horvitz. In Proceedings of CHI, 1999.
  • Jan 29, Towards A Rigorous Science of Interpretable Machine Learning. Finale Doshi-Velez and Been Kim.
    Additional reading:
    • Guidelines for Human-AI Interaction. Saleema Amershi, Dan Weld, Mihaela Vorvoreanu, Adam Fourney, Besmira Nushi, Penny Collisson, Jina Suh, Shamsi Iqbal, Paul N. Bennett, Kori Inkpen, Jaime Teevan, Ruth Kikin-Gil, and Eric Horvitz. CHI 2019.
    • Trends and Trajectories for Explainable, Accountable and Intelligible Systems: An HCI Research Agenda. Ashraf Abdul, Jo Vermeulen, Danding Wang, Brian Y. Lim, Mohan Kankanhalli. CHI 2018.
    • Interpretable machine learning: definitions, methods, and applications. W. James Murdoch, Chandan Singh, Karl Kumbier, Reza Abbasi-Asl, Bin Yu. PNAS 2019.
    • Natural Language Translation at the Intersection of AI and HCI. Spence Gree, Jeffrey Heer, Christopher D. Manning. Queue, 2015.
    • A Review of User Interface Design for Interactive Machine Learning. John J. Dudley and Per Ola Kristensson. ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems. 2018.
    • Beyond binary choices: Integrating individual and social creativity. Gerhard Fischer, Elisa Giaccardi, Hal Eden, Masanori Sugimoto, Yunwen Ye. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 2005.
    • The Mythos of Model Interpretability, Zachary C. Lipton.
    • A Human-Centered Agenda for Intelligible Machine Learning. Jennifer Wortman Vaughan and Hanna Wallach.
    • Who is the “Human” in Human-Centered Machine Learning: The Case of Predicting Mental Health from Social Media. Stevie Chancellor, Eric P.S Baumer, and Munmun De Choudhury. CSCW 2019.
    • Human Centered Systems in the Perspective of Organizational and Social Informatics. Rob Kling and Leigh Star. 1997.
      Replication playground/paper critique due on Jan 31; although I accept this homework one week late.

• Week 4: Feature-based Explanations

  • Feb 3, Why should I trust you?: Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier. Marco Tulio Ribeiro, Sameer Singh, Carlos Guestrin. KDD 2016.
  • Feb 5, Attention is not not explanations. Sarah Wiegreffe, Yuval Pinter. EMNLP 2019.
    Additional reading:
    • A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions. Scott Lundberg, Su-In Lee. NeurIPS 2017.
    • Attention is not explanations Sarthak Jain, Byron C. Wallace. NAACL 2019.
    • Is Attention Interpretable?. Sofia Serrano, Noah A. Smith. ACL 2019.
    • Many Faces of Feature Importance: Comparing Built-in and Post-hoc Feature Importance in Text Classification. Vivian Lai, Jon Z. Cai, Chenhao Tan. EMNLP 2019.
    • DeepXplore: Automated Whitebox Testing of Deep Learning Systems, Pei, Cao, Yang and Jana. In Proceedings of SOSP, 2017.
    • Rationalizing Neural Predictions, Tao Lei, Regina Barzilay and Tommi Jaakkola. In Proceedings of EMNLP, 2016.
    • Learning Explanatory Rules from Noisy Data. Richard Evans, Edward Grefenstette. Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 2018.
    • Network Dissection: Quantifying Interpretability of Deep Visual Representations. David Bau, Bolei Zhou, Aditya Khosla, Aude Oliva, Antonio Torralba. In Proceedings of CVPR 2017.
      First proposal due on Feb 7

• Week 5: First Proposal

  • Feb 10, presentation & discussion
  • Feb 12, presentation & discussion
    First proposal peer feedback due on Feb 14.

• Week 6: Example-based explanations

  • Feb 17, Examples are not Enough, Learn to Criticize! Criticism for Interpretability. Been Kim, Rajiv Khanna, Oluwasanmi Koyejo. NeurIPS 2016.
  • Feb 19, Deep Weighted Averaging Classifiers. Dallas Card, Michael Zhang, Noah A. Smith. FAT* 2019.
    Additional reading:
    • Case-based explanation of non-case-based learning methods. Rich Caruana, Hooshang Kangarloo, John David N. Dionisio, Usha Sinha, David Johnson. AMIA 1999.
    • How Case Based Reasoning Explained Neural Networks: An XAI Survey of Post-Hoc Explanation-by-Example in ANN-CBR Twins. Mark T Keane, Eoin M Kenny. ICCBR 2019.
    • Deep k-Nearest Neighbors: Towards Confident, Interpretable and Robust Deep Learning. Nicolas Papernot, Patrick McDaniel.
    • Interactive and Interpretable Machine Learning Models for Human Machine Collaboration, Been Kim, PhD thesis.
      Second proposal due on Feb 21.

• Week 7: Second proposal

  • Feb 24, presentation & discussion
  • Feb 26, presentation & discussion
    Second proposal peer feedback due on Feb 28.

• Week 8: Counterfactual explanations

  • Mar 2, Counterfactual Explanations without Opening the Black Box: Automated Decisions and the GDPR. Sandra Wachter, Brent Mittelstadt, Chris Russell.
  • Mar 4, Explaining Machine Learning Classifiers through Diverse Counterfactual Explanations. Ramaravind Kommiya Mothilal, Amit Sharma, Chenhao Tan. FAT* 2020.
    Additional reading
    • The Hidden Assumptions Behind Counterfactual Explanations and Principal Reasons. Solon Barocas, Andrew D. Selbst, Manish Raghavan. FAT* 2020.
    • Efficient Search for Diverse Coherent Explanations. Chris Russell. FAT* 2019. Team formation due on Mar 7.

• Week 9: Adversarial attacks

  • Mar 9, Universal Adversarial Triggers for Attacking and Analyzing NLP. Eric Wallace, Shi Feng, Nikhil Kandpal, Matt Gardner, Sameer Singh. EMNLP 2019.
  • Mar 11, Fooling LIME and SHAP: Adversarial Attacks on Post hoc Explanation Methods. Dylan Slack, Sophie Hilgard, Emily Jia, Sameer Singh, Himabindu Lakkaraju. AIES 2020.
    Additional reading:
    • Misleading Failures of Partial-input Baselines. Eric Wallace, Shi Feng, and Jordan Boyd-Graber. ACL 2019.

• Week 10: Human-AI interaction --- Decision Making

  • Mar 16, On Human Predictions with Explanations and Predictions of Machine Learning Models: A Case Study on Deception Detection. Vivian Lai, Chenhao Tan. FAT* 2019.
  • Mar 18, The Principles and Limits of Algorithm-in-the-Loop Decision Making. Ben Green, Yiling Chen. CSCW 2019.
    Additional reading:
    • Prediction Policy Problems. Jon Kleinberg, Jens Ludwig, Sendhil Mullainathan, Ziad Obermeyer. American Economic Review, 2015.
    • The Tyranny of Data? The Bright and Dark Sides of Data-Driven Decision-Making for Social Good. Bruno Lepri, Jacopo Staiano, David Sangokoya, Emmanuel Letouzé, and Nuria Oliver. Transparent Data Mining for Big and Small Data, 2017.
    • Predicting the knowledge–recklessness distinction in the human brain. Iris Vilares, Michael J. Wesley, Woo-Young Ahn, Richard J. Bonnie, Morris Hoffman, Owen D. Jones, Stephen J. Morse, Gideon Yaffe, Terry Lohrenz, and P. Read Montague. PNAS, 2016.

• Week 11: Spring break

• Week 12: Human-AI interaction --- Creative writing

  • Mar 30, Creative Writing with a Machine in the Loop: Case Studies on Slogans and Stories. In Proceedings of IUI, 2017.
  • Apr 1, Creative Help: A Story Writing Assistant. Melissa Roemmele, Andrew S. Gordon. In Proceedings of ICIDS, 2015.
    Additional reading:
    • Inside Jokes: Identifying Humorous Cartoon Captions. Dafna Shahaf, Eric Horvitz, Robert Mankoff. In Proceedings of KDD, 2015.
    • Hafez: an Interactive Poetry Generation System. Marjan Ghazvininejad, Xing Shi, Jay Priyadarshi, and Kevin Knight. In Proceedings of ACL, 2017 (Demo Track).

• Week 13: Project midpoint presentation

  • Apr 6, free time to work on projects
  • Apr 8, presentation
    Project peer feedback due on Apr 10.

• Week 14: Human-AI interaction --- Trust

  • Apr 13, Trust in automation: Designing for appropriate reliance. John Lee and Katrina See. Human factors, 2004.
  • Apr 15, Understanding the Effect of Accuracy on Trust in Machine Learning Models. Ming Yin, Jennifer Wortman Vaughan, and Hanna Wallach. CHI 2019.
    Additional reading:
    • Let Me Explain: Impact of Personal and Impersonal Explanations on Trust in Recommender Systems. Johannes Kunkel, Tim Donkers, Lisa Michael, Catalin-Mihai Barbu, and Jürgen Ziegler. CHI 2019.

• Week 15: Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency

  • Apr 20, European Union regulations on algorithmic decision-making and a "right to explanation". Bryce Goodman and Seth Flaxman.
  • Apr 22, Roles for Computing in Social Change. Rediet Abebe, Solon Barocas, Jon Kleinberg, Karen Levy, Manish Raghavan, David G. Robinson. FAT* 2020.
    Additional reading:
    • Equality of opportunity in supervised learning. Moritz Hardt, Eric Price, Nathan Srebro. NeurIPS 2016.
    • Inherent Trade-Offs in the Fair Determination of Risk Scores. Jon Kleinberg, Sendhil Mullainathan, Manish Raghavan. ITCS 2017.
    • Algorithmic decision making and the cost of fairness. Sam Corbett-Davies, Emma Pierson, Avi Feller, Sharad Goel, Aziz Huq. KDD 2017.
    • Fairness and Abstraction in Sociotechnical Systems. Andrew D. Selbst, danah boyd, Sorelle A. Friedler, Suresh Venkatasubramanian, Janet Vertesi. FAT* 2019.

• Week 16: Final Project Presentation

  • TBD, presentations (could be different from normal class time).
    Final project report due on May 1.