Unexpected String Concatenation in JavaScript

This example demonstrates a common error in JavaScript caused by its loose typing system. The foo function is intended to add two numbers, but due to the implicit type coercion, it performs string concatenation when one of the arguments is a string.

Bug

The bug.js file contains the buggy code. The bar function calls foo with a number and a string, resulting in unexpected string concatenation instead of numerical addition. The output is 12 instead of the expected 3.

Solution

The bugSolution.js file shows how to fix the issue by using stricter type checking or explicit type conversion. This ensures that the addition operation behaves as intended.

How to reproduce

1. Clone this repository.
2. Navigate to the directory containing bug.js and bugSolution.js.
3. Run node bug.js to observe the erroneous behavior.
4. Run node bugSolution.js to see the corrected output.

This example highlights the importance of careful type handling in JavaScript to avoid subtle bugs.