ldaRobust

This is a package to assess LDA topic instability and robustness

Authors

Andreu Casas (Moore-Sloan Fellow, Center for Data Science, New York University)

Tianyi Bi (Center for Data Science, New York University)

Sponsors

We are greatful to the Moore Sloan Data Science Enviornment for supporting the development of this research project and open-source software.

How to install

Eventually the package will be on CRAN... but for now, use the following instructions to install it in your local machine.

1. Download or Clone a copy of this ldaRobust repository-directory. Click on the green Clone or download button on the upper right corner of the page to get the cloning link or to download a zipped version of the repository.

2. Make sure you have devtools installed in order to download and install ldaRobust from GitHub. If you don't have it, type:

install.packages("SnowballC")

2. Make sure to change the working directory to the parent directory of the ldaRobust folder in your machine. For example, I have the ldaRobust directory in a repos directory in my Desktop. So in order to install the package I do:

dir <- "/Users/andreucasas/Desktop/repos/"
setwd(dir)
devtools::install("ldaRobust")

Short Example

1. Load a document term matrix (DTM) that comes with the package: grimmer_dtm.RData. These are pre-processed press releases from U.S. Senators collected by Justin Grimmer, and they are part of the replication material for his article in the American Journal of Political Science: Appropriators not Position Takers: The Distorting Effects of Electoral Incentives on Congressional Representation.

setwd("./ldaRobust")
print(load("./data/grimmer_dtm.RData)) # - this will load a dtm object named 'grimmer_dtm'

2. Select a random sample of only 1,000 press releases for this short example. To run the code for the entire corpus takes much longer.

set.seed(123) # - we set the seed so we can get reproducible results
data <- grimmer_dtm[sample(x = 1:nrow(grimmer_dtm), size = 1000, replace = FALSE), ]

3. Run a first original LDA model with 44 topics.

lda = topicmodels::LDA(data, 44)

You can run the following code to take a look at the 10 most predictive features of each of the 44 topics.

library(dplyr) # - install dplyr if you don't have it
original_lda_predictive_features <- sapply(1:nrow(lda@beta), function(i)
  as.character((data.frame(pr = lda@beta[i,], feature = lda@terms) %>% 
  dplyr::arrange(desc(pr)) %>%
  head(n = 10))$feature))
print(original_lda_predictive_features)

You should see the following output with the most predictive keywords of each topic.

4. Initialize a Robust Latent Dirichlet Allocation object (rlda) that will contain all the information we will generate. You need to specify the following parameters:

• dtm = your Document Term Document matrix.
• lda_u= your original LDA model. We will asses how robust this model is to different model specifications.
• K = the number of models (numeric) or a list of topic numbers (list) of other models to which you want to compare your original LDA. If you provide a numeric value, e.g. 2, we will compare your original model with 10 topics to a 9 and a 11 topic model. If you provide a list, e.g. [5,15,25], we will compare your original model with 10 topics to a 5, 15, and 25 topic model.
• compute_parallel = a bool value to indicate whether you want the models to be trained in parallel.

In this example we specify K = 6, which means that we'll estimate 6 alternative models with {41,42,43,45,46,47} topics. Please make sure that the ldaRobust library is loaded; otherwise, cannot create new objects.

library(ldaRobust)
r <- new("rlda", 
         dtm=data, 
         lda_u=lda, 
         K = 6,
         
         compute_parallel = TRUE)

5. Fit the alternative LDA models.

r <- ldaRobust::fit(r)

6. Compute pairwise topic similarities and build topic clusters based on a chosen similarity threshold.

r <- get_cluster_matrix(r, sim_threshold = 0.93)

7. Explore whether the resulting topic clusters are present in all models.

or_topic_in_alt_plot(r = r, dir = "")

8. Explore the robust topic proportion (proportion of documents about each topic cluster)

plot_cluster_proportion(r, dir = "")

9. Explore bivariate relationships between document/author-level covariates and the presence of each topic cluster