docs(matplotlib): Add new entry for pyplot.figure()

content/matplotlib/concepts/pyplot/terms/figure/figure.md

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+---
+Title: '.figure()'
+Description: 'Creates a new figure window or activates an existing one for plotting.'
+Subjects:
+  - 'Data Science'
+  - 'Data Visualization'
+Tags:
+  - 'Charts'
+  - 'Graphs'
+  - 'Matplotlib'
+CatalogContent:
+  - 'learn-python-3'
+  - 'paths/data-science'
+---
+
+The **`.figure()`** function in Matplotlib creates a new top-level container, called a figure, which acts as the canvas for all plots and axes in Matplotlib. If a figure with the given identifier already exists, it makes that figure active instead.
+
+## Syntax
+
+```pseudo
+matplotlib.pyplot.figure(
+    num=None,
+    figsize=None,
+    dpi=None,
+    facecolor=None,
+    edgecolor=None,
+    frameon=True,
+    FigureClass=<class 'matplotlib.figure.Figure'>,
+    clear=False,
+    **kwargs
+)
+```
+
+**Parameters:**
+
+- `num` (int or str, optional): Identifier for the figure. If the number or name already exists, that figure becomes active; otherwise, a new one is created.
+- `figsize` (tuple, optional): Width and height of the figure in inches, e.g. `(8, 6)`.
+- `dpi` (float, optional): Dots per inch; controls the resolution of the figure.
+- `facecolor` (color, optional): Background color of the figure.
+- `edgecolor` (color, optional): Border color of the figure.
+- `frameon` (bool, default: True): Whether to draw the figure frame.
+- `FigureClass` (`Figure` subclass, optional): The class used to create the figure instance. Defaults to `matplotlib.figure.Figure`.
+- `clear` (bool, default: False): If `True`, clears the existing figure before reusing it.
+- `**kwargs`: Additional parameters passed to the `Figure` constructor.
+
+**Return value:**
+
+Returns a `Figure` object, which is the main container that holds all plot elements like axes, titles, labels, and legends.
+
+## Example
+
+This example creates a new figure canvas with a specific size and background color, then adds a simple sine wave plot to it:
+
+```py
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+
+x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 100)
+y = np.sin(x)
+
+plt.figure(figsize=(8, 4), facecolor='lightblue')
+ax = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1)
+ax.plot(x, y)
+ax.set_title('Simple Sine Wave')
+ax.set_xlabel('X-axis')
+ax.set_ylabel('Y-axis')
+
+plt.show()
+```
+
+The output of this code is:
+
+![Output of matplotlib.pyplot.figure() method example](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Codecademy/docs/main/media/figure_example.png)