diff --git a/Gemfile b/Gemfile
index 6042ee2385..20fc1d6e1d 100644
--- a/Gemfile
+++ b/Gemfile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 source 'https://rubygems.org'
 
 # For Windows devs
diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile
index 43720cad95..526f8d6e87 100644
--- a/Rakefile
+++ b/Rakefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
 # for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/components/course/duplication_component.rb b/app/controllers/components/course/duplication_component.rb
index 12bf962c89..ea7e4933be 100644
--- a/app/controllers/components/course/duplication_component.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/components/course/duplication_component.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::DuplicationComponent < SimpleDelegator
   include Course::ControllerComponentHost::Component
 
diff --git a/app/controllers/course/assessment/skill_branches_controller.rb b/app/controllers/course/assessment/skill_branches_controller.rb
index ec1beb1775..884772f6cf 100644
--- a/app/controllers/course/assessment/skill_branches_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/course/assessment/skill_branches_controller.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Assessment::SkillBranchesController < Course::ComponentController
   load_and_authorize_resource :skill_branch, class: Course::Assessment::SkillBranch.name,
                                              through: :course,
diff --git a/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper.rb b/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper.rb
index 841451cccf..d7af43b540 100644
--- a/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Course::Assessment::Answer::ProgrammingHelper
   # Generates HTML with formatted code and annotations.
   #
diff --git a/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb b/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
index 8c6087d523..d8ea0bf4df 100644
--- a/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
+++ b/app/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Course::Assessment::Answer::ProgrammingTestCaseHelper
   # Get a hint message. Use the one from test_result if available, else fallback to the one from
   # the test case.
diff --git a/app/jobs/course/assessment/closing_reminder_job.rb b/app/jobs/course/assessment/closing_reminder_job.rb
index 318d02ed71..5dc689466a 100644
--- a/app/jobs/course/assessment/closing_reminder_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/course/assessment/closing_reminder_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Assessment::ClosingReminderJob < ApplicationJob
   rescue_from(ActiveJob::DeserializationError) do |_|
     # Prevent the job from retrying due to deleted records
diff --git a/app/jobs/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_job.rb b/app/jobs/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_job.rb
index 95b86dc70e..843b0d0040 100644
--- a/app/jobs/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Conditional::ConditionalSatisfiabilityEvaluationJob < ApplicationJob
   include TrackableJob
 
diff --git a/app/jobs/course/video/closing_reminder_job.rb b/app/jobs/course/video/closing_reminder_job.rb
index 7cf5bf8dfb..4f84a9410b 100644
--- a/app/jobs/course/video/closing_reminder_job.rb
+++ b/app/jobs/course/video/closing_reminder_job.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Video::ClosingReminderJob < ApplicationJob
   rescue_from(ActiveJob::DeserializationError) do |_|
     # Prevent the job from retrying due to deleted records
diff --git a/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/post/ordering_concern.rb b/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/post/ordering_concern.rb
index 1388682e2d..15d4b4b47f 100644
--- a/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/post/ordering_concern.rb
+++ b/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/post/ordering_concern.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Course::Discussion::Post::OrderingConcern
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
 
diff --git a/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/topic/posts_concern.rb b/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/topic/posts_concern.rb
index bcecde481c..f4018d5d92 100644
--- a/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/topic/posts_concern.rb
+++ b/app/models/concerns/course/discussion/topic/posts_concern.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 module Course::Discussion::Topic::PostsConcern
   extend ActiveSupport::Concern
   include Course::Discussion::Post::OrderingConcern
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/achievement_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/achievement_notifier.rb
index 0a9e6379e1..ff98a5d16e 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/achievement_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/achievement_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::AchievementNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user gained an achievement.
   def achievement_gained(user, achievement)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/announcement_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/announcement_notifier.rb
index 58365e9fca..ace139b3c4 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/announcement_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/announcement_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::AnnouncementNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when an announcement is made.
   def new_announcement(user, announcement)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/assessment/answer/comment_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/assessment/answer/comment_notifier.rb
index fae747696a..45dce96137 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/assessment/answer/comment_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/assessment/answer/comment_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Assessment::Answer::CommentNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user adds a post to a programming annotation.
   def annotation_replied(user, post)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/assessment/submission_question/comment_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/assessment/submission_question/comment_notifier.rb
index dc93fee24f..5e086c6368 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/assessment/submission_question/comment_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/assessment/submission_question/comment_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Assessment::SubmissionQuestion::CommentNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user comments on an submission_question.
   def post_replied(user, post)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/assessment_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/assessment_notifier.rb
index 258e7ad7f1..14cb7429e2 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/assessment_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/assessment_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::AssessmentNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user attempted an assessment.
   def assessment_attempted(user, assessment)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/forum/post_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/forum/post_notifier.rb
index a3572c674b..6be1220651 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/forum/post_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/forum/post_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Forum::PostNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user replied a forum post.
   def post_replied(user, post)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/forum/topic_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/forum/topic_notifier.rb
index a55078f177..09fa56470c 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/forum/topic_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/forum/topic_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Forum::TopicNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user created a new forum topic.
   def topic_created(user, topic)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/level_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/level_notifier.rb
index 2c34a1b91a..e733f25ff3 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/level_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/level_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::LevelNotifier < Notifier::Base
   # To be called when user reached a new level.
   def level_reached(user, level)
diff --git a/app/notifiers/course/video_notifier.rb b/app/notifiers/course/video_notifier.rb
index 40120b94fd..9a1614e2cd 100644
--- a/app/notifiers/course/video_notifier.rb
+++ b/app/notifiers/course/video_notifier.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::VideoNotifier < Notifier::Base
   def video_attempted(user, video)
     create_activity(actor: user, object: video, event: :attempted).
diff --git a/app/services/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_service.rb b/app/services/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_service.rb
index c284c88575..f5802c0a0b 100644
--- a/app/services/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_service.rb
+++ b/app/services/course/conditional/conditional_satisfiability_evaluation_service.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Conditional::ConditionalSatisfiabilityEvaluationService
   class << self
     # Evaluate the satifisability of the conditionals for the given course user
diff --git a/app/services/course/conditional/satisfiability_graph_build_service.rb b/app/services/course/conditional/satisfiability_graph_build_service.rb
index b236c308d3..bb3d19d806 100644
--- a/app/services/course/conditional/satisfiability_graph_build_service.rb
+++ b/app/services/course/conditional/satisfiability_graph_build_service.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Conditional::SatisfiabilityGraphBuildService
   class << self
     # Build and cache the satisfiability graph for the given course.
diff --git a/app/services/course/video/reminder_service.rb b/app/services/course/video/reminder_service.rb
index 857e22a03c..956d764448 100644
--- a/app/services/course/video/reminder_service.rb
+++ b/app/services/course/video/reminder_service.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 class Course::Video::ReminderService
   class << self
     delegate :closing_reminder, to: :new
diff --git a/app/views/attachments/_attachment_reference.json.jbuilder b/app/views/attachments/_attachment_reference.json.jbuilder
index 0e82792942..24189d122d 100644
--- a/app/views/attachments/_attachment_reference.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/attachments/_attachment_reference.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.name attachment_reference.name
 json.path attachment_reference.path
 json.updater_name attachment_reference.updater.name
diff --git a/app/views/attachments/create.json.jbuilder b/app/views/attachments/create.json.jbuilder
index 02df25af9d..e4d115db39 100644
--- a/app/views/attachments/create.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/attachments/create.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.success !@attachment.nil?
 
 if @attachment
diff --git a/app/views/course/achievement/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/achievement/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
index bf3292590f..c60d9a24bd 100644
--- a/app/views/course/achievement/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/achievement/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.attributes do
   json.(@achievement, :id, :title, :description, :published)
   json.badge do
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
index bc197c507f..0d6fe9426d 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.fields do
   json.questionId answer.question_id
   json.id answer.acting_as.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
index f16a62764b..857d452764 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 submission = answer.submission
 assessment = submission.assessment
 question = answer.question.specific
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
index 928025ce15..d9b2dc7501 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.scribing_answer do
   json.image_url attachment_reference_url(answer.question.actable.attachment_references[0])
   json.user_id current_user.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
index 024e8571c3..abf9a2b460 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.fields do
   json.questionId answer.question_id
   json.id answer.acting_as.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
index 50009bb060..119d6dc392 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answer/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answer/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.fields do
   json.questionId answer.question_id
   json.id answer.acting_as.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/answers/_answer.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/answers/_answer.json.jbuilder
index ae7225e5ed..7971ba2839 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/answers/_answer.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/answers/_answer.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.id answer.id
 json.questionId answer.question_id
 json.createdAt answer.created_at
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_assessment_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_assessment_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
index 23fee5ada2..52c2603e09 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_assessment_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_assessment_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/lesson_plan/items/item.json.jbuilder', item: item
 
 json.lesson_plan_item_type @assessment_tabs_titles_hash[item.tab_id]
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_edit.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_edit.json.jbuilder
index 79d2188734..1e6ca6bb2e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_edit.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/assessments/_edit.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.attributes do
   json.(@assessment, :id, :title, :description, :start_at, :end_at, :bonus_end_at, :base_exp,
     :time_bonus_exp, :published, :autograded, :show_private, :show_evaluation, :skippable,
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/categories/_category.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/categories/_category.json.jbuilder
index aff81f6421..0c7e6c8201 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/categories/_category.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/categories/_category.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(category, :id, :title, :weight)
 
 json.tabs do
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/categories/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/categories/index.json.jbuilder
index bf1d5d7665..1b446f1c02 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/categories/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/categories/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.categories do
   json.partial! 'category.json', collection: @categories, as: :category
 end
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/_programming_evaluation.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/_programming_evaluation.json.jbuilder
index 5d5a516c09..03aedb721c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/_programming_evaluation.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/_programming_evaluation.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(programming_evaluation, :id, :memory_limit, :time_limit)
 json.language programming_evaluation.language.class.name
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/allocate.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/allocate.json.jbuilder
index c2e016f576..095d57dac5 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/allocate.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/allocate.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'programming_evaluation', collection: @programming_evaluations,
                                         as: :programming_evaluation
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/show.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/show.json.jbuilder
index 232c52f455..12838c7608 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/show.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/show.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'programming_evaluation', programming_evaluation: @programming_evaluation
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/update_result.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/update_result.json.jbuilder
index ebc7421a28..8b4044c36b 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/update_result.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/programming_evaluations/update_result.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.message @programming_evaluation.errors.full_messages.to_sentence
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
index 739db34da4..e58cd95558 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/multiple_responses/_multiple_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.autogradable question.auto_gradable?
 
 json.options question.options do |option|
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_import_result.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_import_result.json.jbuilder
index 54cf69cb91..83492b5bb8 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_import_result.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_import_result.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.import_result do
   json.alert import_result_alert(json: true)
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_package_ui.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_package_ui.json.jbuilder
index b199575184..db8ac10f17 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_package_ui.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_package_ui.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.package_ui do
   json.templates @programming_question.template_files do |file|
     json.(file, :id, :filename)
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
index efe2a19155..2af4ce36e4 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_programming.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.language question.language.name
 json.fileSubmission question.multiple_file_submission
 json.attemptLimit question.attempt_limit if question.attempt_limit
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_props.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_props.json.jbuilder
index 66eac1d35b..6c2f45272c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_props.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_props.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'question'
 json.partial! 'package_ui'
 json.partial! 'test_ui'
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_question.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_question.json.jbuilder
index 896e95a2a6..0688c0f9e5 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_question.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_question.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.question do
   json.(@programming_question, :id, :title, :description, :staff_only_comments, :maximum_grade,
                                :language_id, :memory_limit, :time_limit)
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_response.json.jbuilder
index 89eec68c6d..1b91c9b1d3 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 if check_import_job?
   json.import_job_url job_path(@programming_question.import_job)
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_test_ui.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_test_ui.json.jbuilder
index d195ffd287..b35213b075 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_test_ui.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/_test_ui.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 if @meta
   json.test_ui do
     json.mode @meta[:editor_mode]
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/edit.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/edit.json.jbuilder
index 9bdbd9e4d6..f94600107a 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/edit.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/edit.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.form_data do
   json.method 'PATCH'
   json.auth_token form_authenticity_token
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/new.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/new.json.jbuilder
index 1de1b81af4..b06724ec32 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/new.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/programming/new.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.form_data do
   json.method 'POST'
   json.auth_token form_authenticity_token
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
index f300267450..04ae427c81 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.autogradable question.auto_gradable?
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing_question.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing_question.json.jbuilder
index 7278c4ec3e..ad78e16616 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing_question.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/scribing/_scribing_question.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.question do
   json.(@scribing_question, :id, :title, :description, :staff_only_comments, :maximum_grade)
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
index bc16b7ac5d..5cc0164502 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/text_responses/_text_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.allowAttachment question.allow_attachment? unless question.hide_text?
 json.comprehension question.comprehension_question?
 json.autogradable question.auto_gradable?
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/question/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/question/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
index f300267450..04ae427c81 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/question/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/question/voice_responses/_voice_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.autogradable question.auto_gradable?
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/skills/_index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/skills/_index.json.jbuilder
index f665e7248c..95f69ed482 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/skills/_index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/skills/_index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.skills current_course.assessment_skills.order_by_title do |skill|
   json.(skill, :id, :title)
 end
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_answers.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_answers.json.jbuilder
index 56891c8e97..77baa8b3e4 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_answers.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_answers.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.answers answers do |answer|
   json.partial! answer, answer: answer
 end
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_history.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_history.json.jbuilder
index 05ef878551..927a5d5f2e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_history.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_history.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.history do
   answer_history = submission.answer_history
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_question.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_question.json.jbuilder
index 58d8aea83c..ceb20d5e7f 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_question.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_question.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This partial is required to DRY up the code because the abstract question model
 # directly renders the actable partial by delegating :to_partial_path to the actable.
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_questions.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_questions.json.jbuilder
index 9c5e30294a..bf2a6537e2 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_questions.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_questions.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 answer_ids_hash = answers.map do |a|
   [a.question_id, a.id]
 end.to_h
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_submission.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_submission.json.jbuilder
index 7560d495f0..9a2bd4ab4d 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_submission.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_submission.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.submission do
   json.id submission.id
   json.canGrade can_grade
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_topics.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_topics.json.jbuilder
index d3964e9cab..831e3b450f 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_topics.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/_topics.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.topics submission.submission_questions do |submission_question|
   topic = submission_question.discussion_topic
   json.id topic.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
index 818ed1e326..3f4697092c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 can_grade = can?(:grade, @submission)
 can_update = can?(:update, @submission)
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/index.json.jbuilder
index 180e049d00..c209817a09 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission/submissions/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 submissions_hash ||= @submissions.map { |s| [s.course_user_id, s] }.to_h
 
 json.assessment do
diff --git a/app/views/course/assessment/submission_question/submission_questions/past_answers.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/assessment/submission_question/submission_questions/past_answers.json.jbuilder
index 56891c8e97..77baa8b3e4 100644
--- a/app/views/course/assessment/submission_question/submission_questions/past_answers.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/assessment/submission_question/submission_questions/past_answers.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.answers answers do |answer|
   json.partial! answer, answer: answer
 end
diff --git a/app/views/course/condition/_conditions.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/condition/_conditions.json.jbuilder
index 1b1039be45..c401094282 100644
--- a/app/views/course/condition/_conditions.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/condition/_conditions.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.condition_attributes do
   json.new_condition_urls Course::Condition::ALL_CONDITIONS do |condition|
     next unless component_enabled?(condition)
diff --git a/app/views/course/condition/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/condition/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
index dfad0c8763..e29147618c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/condition/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/condition/achievements/_achievement.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 achievement_condition = condition
 json.type t('course.condition.achievement.title')
 json.description format_inline_text(achievement_condition.title)
diff --git a/app/views/course/condition/assessments/_assessment.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/condition/assessments/_assessment.json.jbuilder
index cda32acca9..22e1b27adf 100644
--- a/app/views/course/condition/assessments/_assessment.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/condition/assessments/_assessment.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 assessment_condition = condition
 json.type t('course.condition.assessment.title')
 json.description format_inline_text(assessment_condition.title)
diff --git a/app/views/course/condition/levels/_level.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/condition/levels/_level.json.jbuilder
index 07be9e5735..19d3697d02 100644
--- a/app/views/course/condition/levels/_level.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/condition/levels/_level.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 level_condition = condition
 json.type t('course.condition.level.title')
 json.description format_inline_text(level_condition.title)
diff --git a/app/views/course/discussion/posts/_post.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/discussion/posts/_post.json.jbuilder
index 6082277641..6d210286f9 100644
--- a/app/views/course/discussion/posts/_post.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/discussion/posts/_post.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(post, :id, :title, :text)
 json.formattedText format_html(simple_format(post.text))
 creator = post.creator
diff --git a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/events/_event_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/events/_event_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
index 4af3df6150..7ad791a3f3 100644
--- a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/events/_event_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/events/_event_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/lesson_plan/items/item.json.jbuilder', item: item
 
 json.eventId item.id
diff --git a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/_item.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/_item.json.jbuilder
index 2cf8c3f9cb..0a935d01d3 100644
--- a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/_item.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/_item.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # These are the common fields to be displayed for all lesson plan items
 json.id item.acting_as.id
 json.(item, :title, :published, :start_at, :bonus_end_at, :end_at)
diff --git a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/index.json.jbuilder
index 6311e940a8..f8cd775c35 100644
--- a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/items/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.milestones @milestones, partial: 'course/lesson_plan/milestones/milestone.json.jbuilder', as: :milestone
 
 json.items @items.map(&:specific) do |actable|
diff --git a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/milestones/_milestone.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/milestones/_milestone.json.jbuilder
index 51e83f0694..cafad076cb 100644
--- a/app/views/course/lesson_plan/milestones/_milestone.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/lesson_plan/milestones/_milestone.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(milestone, :id, :title, :description, :start_at)
diff --git a/app/views/course/levels/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/levels/index.json.jbuilder
index 11e002ff11..9e2f619865 100644
--- a/app/views/course/levels/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/levels/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.levels @levels.pluck(:experience_points_threshold)
diff --git a/app/views/course/material/_material.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/material/_material.json.jbuilder
index 3705e8e53b..1594a91aec 100644
--- a/app/views/course/material/_material.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/material/_material.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(material, :id, :updated_at)
 json.name format_inline_text(material.name)
 json.url url_for([current_course, folder, material])
diff --git a/app/views/course/material/folders/upload_materials.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/material/folders/upload_materials.json.jbuilder
index 893b30723b..0f39cc2002 100644
--- a/app/views/course/material/folders/upload_materials.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/material/folders/upload_materials.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Response with the uploaded materials
 json.materials @materials do |material|
   json.partial! 'course/material/material', material: material, folder: @folder
diff --git a/app/views/course/object_duplications/new.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/object_duplications/new.json.jbuilder
index 0557543aba..1b97e12b65 100644
--- a/app/views/course/object_duplications/new.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/object_duplications/new.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.currentHost current_tenant.host
 
 json.currentCourse do
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/questions/_option.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/questions/_option.json.jbuilder
index a392242e16..90aa79e23e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/questions/_option.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/questions/_option.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(option, :id, :weight)
 json.option format_html(option.option)
 unless option.attachment.nil?
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/questions/_question.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/questions/_question.json.jbuilder
index 5773b34f94..70dc79963e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/questions/_question.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/questions/_question.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(question, :id, :required, :question_type, :max_options, :min_options, :weight,
       :grid_view, :section_id)
 json.description format_html(question.description)
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/responses/_response.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/responses/_response.json.jbuilder
index adc8412c1c..62ba95622c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/responses/_response.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/responses/_response.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.survey do
   json.partial! 'course/survey/surveys/survey_with_questions', survey: survey
 end
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/responses/_see_other.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/responses/_see_other.json.jbuilder
index 52b0d3ceef..67e10f1273 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/responses/_see_other.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/responses/_see_other.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.responseId @response.id
 json.canModify can?(:modify, @response)
 json.canSubmit can?(:submit, @response)
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/responses/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/responses/index.json.jbuilder
index b959a8160e..2c11ecb6e5 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/responses/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/responses/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 responses = @responses.map { |r| [r.course_user_id, r] }.to_h
 json.responses @course_students do |student|
   response = responses[student.id]
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/sections/_section.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/sections/_section.json.jbuilder
index b41640c61d..c01b4c9416 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/sections/_section.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/sections/_section.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(section, :id, :title, :weight)
 json.description format_html(section.description)
 questions = @questions || section.questions
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey.json.jbuilder
index 03f0776165..249c57760e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.(survey, :id, :title, :base_exp, :time_bonus_exp, :published,
               :start_at, :end_at, :closing_reminded_at,
               :anonymous, :allow_response_after_end, :allow_modify_after_submit)
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey_with_questions.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey_with_questions.json.jbuilder
index cda07270ea..adeb9b7b5f 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey_with_questions.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/_survey_with_questions.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/survey/surveys/survey', survey: survey
 json.sections @sections, partial: 'course/survey/sections/section', as: :section
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/index.json.jbuilder
index a7d1ddc9e3..0e9f2c820e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.surveys @surveys, partial: 'survey.json', as: :survey
 json.canCreate can?(:create, Course::Survey.new(course: current_course))
diff --git a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/results.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/results.json.jbuilder
index ffda6811d7..2184affc7e 100644
--- a/app/views/course/survey/surveys/results.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/survey/surveys/results.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.sections @sections do |section|
   json.(section, :id, :title, :weight)
   json.description format_html(section.description)
diff --git a/app/views/course/surveys/_survey_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/surveys/_survey_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
index 5fda949c72..24425d7c9a 100644
--- a/app/views/course/surveys/_survey_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/surveys/_survey_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/lesson_plan/items/item.json.jbuilder', item: item
 json.lesson_plan_item_type [t('components.surveys.name')]
 json.item_path course_survey_path(current_course, item)
diff --git a/app/views/course/users/_user.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/users/_user.json.jbuilder
index d6a1eb1fb8..a88d2c2329 100644
--- a/app/views/course/users/_user.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/users/_user.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.userName user.name
 json.userLink link_to_user(user)
 json.userPicElement display_user_image(user)
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/submission/sessions/create.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/submission/sessions/create.json.jbuilder
index 4b63e18bbf..5b32568ad4 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/submission/sessions/create.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/submission/sessions/create.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.id @session.id.to_s
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
index 9fbcfff547..694344a28d 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/submission/submissions/edit.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.video do
   json.videoUrl @video.url
   json.partial! 'watch_next_video_url', locals: { next_video: @video.next_video }
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/_post.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/_post.json.jbuilder
index 18e65ccd28..685501a799 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/_post.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/_post.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/users/user', locals: { user: post.creator }
 
 json.createdAt format_datetime(post.created_at)
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/_posts.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/_posts.json.jbuilder
index 8628f6bbb8..597771658c 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/_posts.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/_posts.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.posts do
   posts.each do |post|
     json.set! post.id do
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/_topic.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/_topic.json.jbuilder
index 2f7d269b30..89f69f3ea4 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/_topic.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/_topic.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.timestamp topic.timestamp
 json.createdTimestamp topic.created_at.to_i
 json.discussionTopicId topic.discussion_topic.id.to_s
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/_topics.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/_topics.json.jbuilder
index 1c0ba8f01c..796fa2fc4d 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/_topics.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/_topics.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.topics do
   topics.each do |topic|
     json.set! topic.id do
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/create.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/create.json.jbuilder
index 77794a8794..7b9ae447d8 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/create.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/create.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.topicId @topic.id.to_s
 json.topic @topic, partial: 'course/video/topics/topic', as: :topic
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/index.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/index.json.jbuilder
index f464ac4608..426e20d02a 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/index.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/index.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/video/topics/topics', locals: { topics: @topics }
 json.partial! 'course/video/topics/posts', locals: { posts: @posts }
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/topics/show.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/topics/show.json.jbuilder
index e4ca42d698..b51658a92d 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/topics/show.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/topics/show.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.topicId @topic.id.to_s
 json.topic @topic, partial: 'course/video/topics/topic', as: :topic
 
diff --git a/app/views/course/video/videos/_video_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder b/app/views/course/video/videos/_video_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
index 9cf36de681..7d7abca164 100644
--- a/app/views/course/video/videos/_video_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/course/video/videos/_video_lesson_plan_item.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! 'course/lesson_plan/items/item.json.jbuilder', item: item
 
 json.item_path course_video_path(current_course, item)
diff --git a/app/views/jobs/_completed.json.jbuilder b/app/views/jobs/_completed.json.jbuilder
index 6334543266..280fb0249e 100644
--- a/app/views/jobs/_completed.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/jobs/_completed.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.status 'completed'
 json.redirect_url @job.redirect_to
 json.message t('.completed')
diff --git a/app/views/jobs/_errored.json.jbuilder b/app/views/jobs/_errored.json.jbuilder
index 7a467ceaa2..c3647326ee 100644
--- a/app/views/jobs/_errored.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/jobs/_errored.json.jbuilder
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.status 'errored'
 json.message t('.errored')
diff --git a/app/views/jobs/_submitted.json.jbuilder b/app/views/jobs/_submitted.json.jbuilder
index 71d12ad27e..2b46e82e04 100644
--- a/app/views/jobs/_submitted.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/jobs/_submitted.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.status 'submitted'
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/app/views/jobs/show.json.jbuilder b/app/views/jobs/show.json.jbuilder
index 0dcd3ea26b..4ab50c7b71 100644
--- a/app/views/jobs/show.json.jbuilder
+++ b/app/views/jobs/show.json.jbuilder
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 json.partial! @job.status
diff --git a/config.ru b/config.ru
index 5bc2a619e8..d7f111a8d0 100644
--- a/config.ru
+++ b/config.ru
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This file is used by Rack-based servers to start the application.
 
 require ::File.expand_path('../config/environment',  __FILE__)
diff --git a/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb b/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
index 51639b67a0..315ac48a9a 100644
--- a/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
+++ b/config/initializers/application_controller_renderer.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
 
 # ApplicationController.renderer.defaults.merge!(
diff --git a/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_5_1.rb b/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_5_1.rb
index 9010abd5c2..da5f4a15c9 100644
--- a/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_5_1.rb
+++ b/config/initializers/new_framework_defaults_5_1.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
 #
 # This file contains migration options to ease your Rails 5.1 upgrade.
diff --git a/db/seeds/development.rb b/db/seeds/development.rb
index 2a289643cf..b3adeed30c 100644
--- a/db/seeds/development.rb
+++ b/db/seeds/development.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 ActsAsTenant.with_tenant(Instance.default) do
   # Create the default user account (administrator).
   user = User::Email.find_by_email('test@example.org')
diff --git a/db/seeds/test.rb b/db/seeds/test.rb
index da53234122..9c7129afba 100644
--- a/db/seeds/test.rb
+++ b/db/seeds/test.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 ActsAsTenant.with_tenant(Instance.default) do
   # Create the default user account (administrator).
   user = User::Email.find_by_email('test@example.org')
diff --git a/lib/autoload/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph.rb b/lib/autoload/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph.rb
index bb9f5e6fea..a5ee862916 100644
--- a/lib/autoload/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph.rb
+++ b/lib/autoload/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # Satisfiability graph to evaluate the satisfiability of the conditionals for a course user.
 class Course::Conditional::UserSatisfiabilityGraph
   class EdgeSet < Hash
diff --git a/lib/extensions/action_mailer_suppression/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb b/lib/extensions/action_mailer_suppression/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb
index 976ba1b9f2..7593e44bfa 100644
--- a/lib/extensions/action_mailer_suppression/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb
+++ b/lib/extensions/action_mailer_suppression/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 # This extension disables the check introduced in rails/rails#24457, which disables the
 # accessing or mutation of the +MessageDelivery+ object through raising an exception.
 #
diff --git a/lib/tasks/db/insert_discussion_topics.rake b/lib/tasks/db/insert_discussion_topics.rake
index 5edfcb431d..998e9dd9b1 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/db/insert_discussion_topics.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/db/insert_discussion_topics.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 namespace :db do
   task insert_discussion_topics: :environment do
     # Insert into course_discussion_topics with
diff --git a/lib/tasks/db/insert_submission_questions.rake b/lib/tasks/db/insert_submission_questions.rake
index 633da0933c..812f4e2449 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/db/insert_submission_questions.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/db/insert_submission_questions.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 namespace :db do
   task insert_submission_questions: :environment do
     ActsAsTenant.without_tenant do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/db/migrate_comments.rake b/lib/tasks/db/migrate_comments.rake
index c83e4d3d12..6f19ae2e31 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/db/migrate_comments.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/db/migrate_comments.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 namespace :db do
   task migrate_comments: :environment do
     ActsAsTenant.without_tenant do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/db/migrate_pending_staff_reply.rake b/lib/tasks/db/migrate_pending_staff_reply.rake
index 2ce2074380..3ebea73d5e 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/db/migrate_pending_staff_reply.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/db/migrate_pending_staff_reply.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 namespace :db do
   # Run this after migrating posts to the new SubmissionQuestion topics.
   task migrate_pending_staff_reply: :environment do
diff --git a/lib/tasks/factory_bot.rake b/lib/tasks/factory_bot.rake
index 155bfa7623..c61c8c1bbb 100644
--- a/lib/tasks/factory_bot.rake
+++ b/lib/tasks/factory_bot.rake
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 namespace :factory_bot do
   desc 'Run Factory Bot Lint to make sure all factories in tests are valid'
   task lint: :environment do
diff --git a/spec/factories/course_assessment_skill_branches.rb b/spec/factories/course_assessment_skill_branches.rb
index dfe266f067..fbe60cc1c9 100644
--- a/spec/factories/course_assessment_skill_branches.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/course_assessment_skill_branches.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :course_assessment_skill_branch, class: Course::Assessment::SkillBranch do
     course
diff --git a/spec/factories/course_assessment_skills.rb b/spec/factories/course_assessment_skills.rb
index 7a06c982ad..148fc849cd 100644
--- a/spec/factories/course_assessment_skills.rb
+++ b/spec/factories/course_assessment_skills.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 FactoryBot.define do
   factory :course_assessment_skill, class: Course::Assessment::Skill do
     course
diff --git a/spec/features/course/assessment/skill_management_spec.rb b/spec/features/course/assessment/skill_management_spec.rb
index b3b938c2e2..8766c4ae41 100644
--- a/spec/features/course/assessment/skill_management_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/course/assessment/skill_management_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Course: Skills' do
diff --git a/spec/features/course/assessment/submissions_viewing_spec.rb b/spec/features/course/assessment/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
index ee516621c5..9fa400bb23 100644
--- a/spec/features/course/assessment/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/course/assessment/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Course: Submissions Viewing' do
diff --git a/spec/features/course/leaderboard_viewing_spec.rb b/spec/features/course/leaderboard_viewing_spec.rb
index b6a1563cc4..bcb51c8d6a 100644
--- a/spec/features/course/leaderboard_viewing_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/course/leaderboard_viewing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Course: Leaderboard: View' do
diff --git a/spec/features/course/video/submissions_viewing_spec.rb b/spec/features/course/video/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
index d356494000..971fe9008b 100644
--- a/spec/features/course/video/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/features/course/video/submissions_viewing_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe 'Course: Video: Submissions Viewing' do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper_spec.rb
index 5f1a825e6f..dabd1e49cd 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Course::Assessment::Answer::ProgrammingHelper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
index aa8a70a4b1..5531c96b2a 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/answer/programming_test_case_helper.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Course::Assessment::Answer::ProgrammingTestCaseHelper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submission/submissions_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submission/submissions_helper_spec.rb
index c240c9e5f0..c5cbae4036 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submission/submissions_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submission/submissions_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Course::Assessment::Submission::SubmissionsHelper do
diff --git a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submissions_helper_spec.rb b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submissions_helper_spec.rb
index 4123639c64..627a41aa65 100644
--- a/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submissions_helper_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/helpers/course/assessment/submissions_helper_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Course::Assessment::SubmissionsHelper do
diff --git a/spec/libraries/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph_spec.rb b/spec/libraries/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph_spec.rb
index 8afc8c3bb1..672ffe9cc5 100644
--- a/spec/libraries/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/libraries/course/conditional/user_satisfiability_graph_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe Course::Conditional::UserSatisfiabilityGraph do
diff --git a/spec/models/attachment_reference_spec.rb b/spec/models/attachment_reference_spec.rb
index 6cccc36bc2..0b4260b991 100644
--- a/spec/models/attachment_reference_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/attachment_reference_spec.rb
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 require 'rails_helper'
 
 RSpec.describe AttachmentReference do