From 8be66a863566649a0a13a48c53626a10e100db0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zoe Ludwig <zoe.ludwig@lambdaschool.com>
Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2020 14:21:12 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 1/7] update readme and remove simple arrays

---
 README.md                      |  44 ++++++------
 challenges/arrays-callbacks.js |  82 +++++++++++++++++++++
 challenges/closure.js          |  19 +++++
 challenges/functions.js        |  42 -----------
 challenges/objects-arrays.js   | 127 ---------------------------------
 5 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 191 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
 create mode 100644 challenges/closure.js
 delete mode 100644 challenges/functions.js
 delete mode 100644 challenges/objects-arrays.js

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 408612117c..7f4badf332 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Sprint Challenge: JavaScript Fundamentals
 
-This challenge allows you to practice the concepts and techniques learned over the past week and apply them in a survey of problems. This Sprint explored JavaScript Fundamentals. During this Sprint, you studied variables, functions, object literals, arrays, this keyword, prototypes, and class syntax. In your challenge this week, you will demonstrate proficiency by completing a survey of JavaScript problems.
+This challenge allows you to practice the concepts and techniques learned over the past week and apply them in a survey of problems. This Sprint explored JavaScript Fundamentals. During this Sprint, you studied array methods, this keyword, prototypes, and class syntax. In your challenge this week, you will demonstrate proficiency by completing a survey of JavaScript problems.
 
 ## Instructions
 
@@ -10,11 +10,7 @@ This is an individual assessment. All work must be your own. Your challenge scor
 
 You are not allowed to collaborate during the Sprint Challenge. However, you are encouraged to follow the twenty-minute rule and seek support from your TL and Instructor in your cohort help channel on Slack. Your work reflects your proficiency in JavaScript fundamentals.
 
-You have three hours to complete this challenge. Plan your time accordingly.
-
-## Commits
-
-Commit your code regularly and meaningfully. This helps both you (in case you ever need to return to old code for any number of reasons) and your team lead.
+> You have three hours to complete this challenge. Plan your time accordingly.
 
 ## Description
 
@@ -28,9 +24,9 @@ Demonstrate your understanding of this week's concepts by answering the followin
 
 Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to leave a blank line above and below your answer so it is clear and easy to read by your team lead
 
-1. Describe the biggest difference between `.forEach` & `.map`.
+1. Briefly compare and contrast `.forEach` & `.map` (2-3 sentences max)
 
-2. What is the difference between a function and a method?
+2. Explain the difference between a callback and a higher order function.
 
 3. What is closure?
 
@@ -38,7 +34,7 @@ Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to lea
 
 5. Why do we need super() in an extended class?
 
-## Project Set up
+### Task 1 - Project Set up
 
 Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:
 
@@ -51,37 +47,41 @@ Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:
 - [ ] Implement the project on your Branch, committing changes regularly.
 - [ ] Push commits: git push origin `<firstName-lastName>`.
 
-Follow these steps for completing your project:
-
-- [ ] Submit a Pull-Request to merge <firstName-lastName> Branch into master (student's  Repo).
-- [ ] Add your team lead as a Reviewer on the Pull-request
-- [ ] TL then will count the HW as done by  merging the branch back into master.
 
 
-## Minimum Viable Product
+### Task 2 - Minimum Viable Product
 
 Your finished project must include all of the following requirements:
 
 **Pro tip for this challenge: If something seems like it isn't working locally, copy and paste your code up to codepen and take another look at the console.**
 
-## Task 1: Objects and Arrays
+#### Task A: Objects and Arrays
 Test your knowledge of objects and arrays. 
-* [ ] Use the [objects-arrays.js](challenges/objects-arrays.js) link to get started.  Read the instructions carefully!
+* [ ] Use the [arrays-callbacks.js](challenges/arrays-callbacks.js) link to get started.  Read the instructions carefully!
 
-## Task 2: Functions
+#### Task B: Closure
 This challenge takes a look at callbacks and closures as well as scope. 
-* [ ] Use the [functions.js](challenges/functions.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
+* [ ] Use the [closure.js](challenges/closure.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 
-## Task 3: Prototypes
+#### Task C: Prototypes
 Create constructors, bind methods, and create cuboids in this prototypes challenge.
 * [ ] Use the [prototypes.js](challenges/prototypes.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 
-## Task 4: Classes
+#### Task D: Classes
 Once you have completed the prototypes challenge, it's time to convert all your hard work into classes.
 * [ ] Use the [classes.js](challenges/classes.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 
 In your solutions, it is essential that you follow best practices and produce clean and professional results. Schedule time to review, refine, and assess your work and perform basic professional polishing including spell-checking and grammar-checking on your work. It is better to submit a challenge that meets MVP than one that attempts too much and does not.
 
-## Stretch Problems
+### Task 3 - Stretch Problems
 
 There are a few stretch problems found throughout the files, don't work on them until you are finished with MVP requirements!
+
+
+## Submission Format
+
+Follow these steps for completing your project:
+
+- [ ] Submit a Pull-Request to merge <firstName-lastName> Branch into master (student's  Repo).
+- [ ] Add your team lead as a Reviewer on the Pull-request
+- [ ] TL then will count the HW as done by  merging the branch back into master.
diff --git a/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js b/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..472ab3e96d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// ==== ADVANCED Array Methods ====
+
+// Given this zoo data from around the United States, follow the instructions below.  Use the specific array methods in the requests below to solve the problems.
+
+const zooAnimals = [
+  { animal_name: "Jackal, asiatic", population: 5, scientific_name: "Canis aureus", state: "Kentucky" },
+  { animal_name: "Screamer, southern", population: 1, scientific_name: "Chauna torquata", state: "Alabama" },
+  { animal_name: "White spoonbill", population: 8, scientific_name: "Platalea leucordia", state: "Georgia" },
+  { animal_name: "White-cheeked pintail", population: 1, scientific_name: "Anas bahamensis", state: "Oregon" },
+  { animal_name: "Black-backed jackal", population: 2, scientific_name: "Canis mesomelas", state: "Washington" },
+  { animal_name: "Brolga crane", population: 9, scientific_name: "Grus rubicundus", state: "New Mexico" },
+  { animal_name: "Common melba finch", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pytilia melba", state: "Pennsylvania" },
+  { animal_name: "Pampa gray fox", population: 10, scientific_name: "Pseudalopex gymnocercus", state: "Connecticut" },
+  { animal_name: "Hawk-eagle, crowned", population: 10, scientific_name: "Spizaetus coronatus", state: "Florida" },
+  { animal_name: "Australian pelican", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pelecanus conspicillatus", state: "West Virginia" },
+];
+
+/* Request 1: .forEach()
+
+The zoos want to display both the scientific name and the animal name in front of the habitats. Populate the displayNames array with only the animal_name and scientific_name of each animal. displayNames will be an array of strings, and each string should follow this pattern: "Name: Jackal, asiatic, Scientific: Canis aureus."
+
+*/
+const displayNames = [];
+console.log(displayNames);
+
+/* Request 2: .map()
+
+The zoos need a list of all their animal's names (animal_name only) converted to lower case. Using map, create a new array of strings named lowCaseAnimalNames, each string following this pattern: "jackal, asiatic". Log the resut.
+
+*/
+
+const lowCaseAnimalNames = [];
+console.log(lowCaseAnimalNames);
+
+/* Request 3: .filter() 
+
+The zoos are concerned about animals with a lower population count. Using filter, create a new array of objects called lowPopulationAnimals which contains only the animals with a population less than 5.
+
+*/
+const lowPopulationAnimals = [];
+console.log(lowPopulationAnimals);
+
+/* Request 4: .reduce() 
+
+The zoos need to know their total animal population across the United States. Find the total population from all the zoos using the .reduce() method. Remember the reduce method takes two arguments: a callback (which itself takes two args), and an initial value for the count.
+
+*/
+const populationTotal = 0;
+console.log(populationTotal);
+
+
+// ==== Callbacks ====  
+
+/* Step 1: Create a higher-order function
+  * Create a higher-order function named consume with 3 parameters: a, b and cb
+  * The first two parameters can take any argument (we can pass any value as argument)
+  * The last parameter accepts a callback
+  * The consume function should return the invocation of cb, passing a and b into cb as arguments
+*/
+
+
+/* Step 2: Create several functions to callback with consume();
+  * Create a function named add that returns the sum of two numbers
+  * Create a function named multiply that returns the product of two numbers 
+  * Create a function named greeting that accepts a first and last name and returns "Hello first-name last-name, nice to meet you!"
+*/
+
+
+/* Step 3: Check your work by un-commenting the following calls to consume(): */
+// console.log(consume(2, 2, add)); // 4
+// console.log(consume(10, 16, multiply)); // 160
+// console.log(consume("Mary", "Poppins", greeting)); // Hello Mary Poppins, nice to meet you!
+
+
+
+
+/*
+
+Stretch: If you haven't already, convert your array method callbacks into arrow functions.
+
+*/
+
diff --git a/challenges/closure.js b/challenges/closure.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..63038dd719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/challenges/closure.js
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// ==== Closures ==== 
+
+// Explain in your own words why nestedfunction can access the variable internal.
+
+// Explanation: 
+
+
+const external = "I'm outside the function";
+
+function myFunction() {
+  console.log(external);
+  const internal = "Hello! I'm inside myFunction!";
+
+  function nestedFunction() {
+    console.log(internal);
+  };
+  nestedFunction();
+}
+myFunction();
diff --git a/challenges/functions.js b/challenges/functions.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e3688bfcc..0000000000
--- a/challenges/functions.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-// ==== Callbacks ====  
-
-/* Step 1: Create a higher-order function
-  * Create a higher-order function named consume with 3 parameters: a, b and cb
-  * The first two parameters can take any argument (we can pass any value as argument)
-  * The last parameter accepts a callback
-  * The consume function should return the invocation of cb, passing a and b into cb as arguments
-*/
-
-
-/* Step 2: Create several functions to callback with consume();
-  * Create a function named add that returns the sum of two numbers
-  * Create a function named multiply that returns the product of two numbers 
-  * Create a function named greeting that accepts a first and last name and returns "Hello first-name last-name, nice to meet you!"
-*/
-
-
-/* Step 3: Check your work by un-commenting the following calls to consume(): */
-// console.log(consume(2, 2, add)); // 4
-// console.log(consume(10, 16, multiply)); // 160
-// console.log(consume("Mary", "Poppins", greeting)); // Hello Mary Poppins, nice to meet you!
-
-
-// ==== Closures ==== 
-
-// Explain in your own words why nestedfunction can access the variable internal.
-
-// Explanation: 
-
-
-const external = "I'm outside the function";
-
-function myFunction() {
-  console.log(external);
-  const internal = "Hello! I'm inside myFunction!";
-
-  function nestedFunction() {
-    console.log(internal);
-  };
-  nestedFunction();
-}
-myFunction();
diff --git a/challenges/objects-arrays.js b/challenges/objects-arrays.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 86970b0c29..0000000000
--- a/challenges/objects-arrays.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,127 +0,0 @@
-// ==== Objects ====
-
-/* 
-  Given the following information about dinosaurs, create 3 objects: 
-  Use this pattern to create your objects: 
-  object name, diet, weight, length, period
-*/
-
-// tyrannosaurus, carnivorous, 7000kg, 12m, Late Cretaceous
-
-// stegosaurus, herbivorous, 2000kg, 9m, Late Jurassic
-
-// velociraptor, carnivorous, 15kg, 1.8m, Late Cretaceous
-
-// Using your dinosaur objects, log answers to these questions:
-
-// How much did tyrannosaurus weigh?
-console.log();
-
-// What was the diet of a velociraptor?
-console.log();
-
-// How long was a stegosaurus?
-console.log();
-
-// What time period did tyrannosaurus live in?
-console.log();
-
-
-// Create a new roar method for the tyrannosaurus.  When called, return "RAWERSRARARWERSARARARRRR!" Log the result.
-console.log();
-
-
-// ==== Arrays ====
-
-// Given an array of college graduates.  Complete the following requests using any array method you like
-
-const graduates = [
-  { id: 1, first_name: "Cynde", university: "Missouri Southern State College", email: "ctorry0@macromedia.com" },
-  { id: 2, first_name: "Saundra", university: "The School of the Art Institute of Chicago", email: "swhal1@state.gov" },
-  { id: 3, first_name: "Lambert", university: "Marian College", email: "lparham2@techcrunch.com" },
-  { id: 4, first_name: "Modestine", university: "International Medical & Technological University", email: "mdolder3@symantec.com" },
-  { id: 5, first_name: "Chick", university: "Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Polytechnic", email: "camorts4@google.com.au" },
-  { id: 6, first_name: "Jakob", university: "Fachhochschule Rosenheim, Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft", email: "jharken5@spiegel.de" },
-  { id: 7, first_name: "Robbi", university: "Salem University", email: "rbrister6@redcross.org" },
-  { id: 8, first_name: "Colline", university: "Coastal Carolina University", email: "cbrosh7@alibaba.com" },
-  { id: 9, first_name: "Michail", university: "Universidad Católica de Ávila", email: "mrome8@shinystat.com" },
-  { id: 10, first_name: "Hube", university: "Universitat Rovira I Virgili Tarragona", email: "hlethbrig9@foxnews.com" },
-];
-
-/* Request 1: Create a new array called universities that contains all the universities in the graduates array. This will be an array of strings.
-
-Once you have the new array created, log the result. */
-const universities = [];
-console.log(universities);
-
-/* Request 2: Create a new array called contactInfo that contains both first name and email of each student. This will be an array of strings.
-
-The resulting contact information strings should have a space between the first name and the email, like this: 
-"Josh josh@example.com"
-
-Log the result of your new array. */
-const contactInfo = [];
-console.log(contactInfo);
-
-/* Request 3: Find out how many universities have the string "Uni" included in their name. Create a new array called unisWithUni that contains them all. This will be an array of objects. Log the result. */
-const unisWithUni = [];
-console.log(unisWithUni);
-
-
-// ==== ADVANCED Array Methods ====
-
-// Given this zoo data from around the United States, follow the instructions below.  Use the specific array methods in the requests below to solve the problems.
-
-const zooAnimals = [
-  { animal_name: "Jackal, asiatic", population: 5, scientific_name: "Canis aureus", state: "Kentucky" },
-  { animal_name: "Screamer, southern", population: 1, scientific_name: "Chauna torquata", state: "Alabama" },
-  { animal_name: "White spoonbill", population: 8, scientific_name: "Platalea leucordia", state: "Georgia" },
-  { animal_name: "White-cheeked pintail", population: 1, scientific_name: "Anas bahamensis", state: "Oregon" },
-  { animal_name: "Black-backed jackal", population: 2, scientific_name: "Canis mesomelas", state: "Washington" },
-  { animal_name: "Brolga crane", population: 9, scientific_name: "Grus rubicundus", state: "New Mexico" },
-  { animal_name: "Common melba finch", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pytilia melba", state: "Pennsylvania" },
-  { animal_name: "Pampa gray fox", population: 10, scientific_name: "Pseudalopex gymnocercus", state: "Connecticut" },
-  { animal_name: "Hawk-eagle, crowned", population: 10, scientific_name: "Spizaetus coronatus", state: "Florida" },
-  { animal_name: "Australian pelican", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pelecanus conspicillatus", state: "West Virginia" },
-];
-
-/* Request 1: .forEach()
-
-The zoos want to display both the scientific name and the animal name in front of the habitats. Populate the displayNames array with only the animal_name and scientific_name of each animal. displayNames will be an array of strings, and each string should follow this pattern: "Name: Jackal, asiatic, Scientific: Canis aureus."
-
-*/
-const displayNames = [];
-console.log(displayNames);
-
-/* Request 2: .map()
-
-The zoos need a list of all their animal's names (animal_name only) converted to lower case. Using map, create a new array of strings named lowCaseAnimalNames, each string following this pattern: "jackal, asiatic". Log the resut.
-
-*/
-
-const lowCaseAnimalNames = [];
-console.log(lowCaseAnimalNames);
-
-/* Request 3: .filter() 
-
-The zoos are concerned about animals with a lower population count. Using filter, create a new array of objects called lowPopulationAnimals which contains only the animals with a population less than 5.
-
-*/
-const lowPopulationAnimals = [];
-console.log(lowPopulationAnimals);
-
-/* Request 4: .reduce() 
-
-The zoos need to know their total animal population across the United States. Find the total population from all the zoos using the .reduce() method. Remember the reduce method takes two arguments: a callback (which itself takes two args), and an initial value for the count.
-
-*/
-const populationTotal = 0;
-console.log(populationTotal);
-
-
-/*
-
-Stretch: If you haven't already, convert your array method callbacks into arrow functions.
-
-*/
-

From c61bef1fcbd437b903437eeea3e2f978d4ec5e68 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zoe Ludwig <zoe.ludwig@lambdaschool.com>
Date: Fri, 27 Mar 2020 14:28:08 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 2/7] update readme

---
 README.md | 8 ++++++--
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7f4badf332..503401872a 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -56,18 +56,22 @@ Your finished project must include all of the following requirements:
 **Pro tip for this challenge: If something seems like it isn't working locally, copy and paste your code up to codepen and take another look at the console.**
 
 #### Task A: Objects and Arrays
-Test your knowledge of objects and arrays. 
+
+Test your knowledge of advanced array methods and callbacks.
 * [ ] Use the [arrays-callbacks.js](challenges/arrays-callbacks.js) link to get started.  Read the instructions carefully!
 
 #### Task B: Closure
-This challenge takes a look at callbacks and closures as well as scope. 
+
+This challenge takes a look at closures as well as scope. 
 * [ ] Use the [closure.js](challenges/closure.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 
 #### Task C: Prototypes
+
 Create constructors, bind methods, and create cuboids in this prototypes challenge.
 * [ ] Use the [prototypes.js](challenges/prototypes.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 
 #### Task D: Classes
+
 Once you have completed the prototypes challenge, it's time to convert all your hard work into classes.
 * [ ] Use the [classes.js](challenges/classes.js) link to get started. Read the instructions carefully!
 

From b2da3bfb150e8ca689c86d4f1e40399326bfdc70 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zoe Ludwig <zoe.ludwig@lambdaschool.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2020 09:55:21 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 3/7] remove extra line

---
 README.md | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 503401872a..3979cc2cf7 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@ In your solutions, it is essential that you follow best practices and produce cl
 
 There are a few stretch problems found throughout the files, don't work on them until you are finished with MVP requirements!
 
-
 ## Submission Format
 
 Follow these steps for completing your project:

From fc66d8e4661b38d944b01c32a71f1b931660c617 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Zoe Ludwig <zoe.ludwig@lambdaschool.com>
Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2020 15:18:34 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 4/7] added counter challenge

---
 challenges/closure.js | 11 ++++++++---
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/challenges/closure.js b/challenges/closure.js
index 63038dd719..2f11fa37d4 100644
--- a/challenges/closure.js
+++ b/challenges/closure.js
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 // ==== Closures ==== 
 
-// Explain in your own words why nestedfunction can access the variable internal.
-
-// Explanation: 
+/* Task 1: Study the code below and explain in your own words why nested function can access the variable internal. */
 
 
 const external = "I'm outside the function";
@@ -17,3 +15,10 @@ function myFunction() {
   nestedFunction();
 }
 myFunction();
+
+// Explanation: 
+
+
+/* Task 2: Counter */
+
+/* Create a function called `factorial` that accepts a parameter and uses a counter to return the factorial of that number. For example, `factorial(4)` should return 10 because 1+2+3+4 is 10. */
\ No newline at end of file

From a540dcbb8d4e5758ff793eae7909f9df58cb8533 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Brit Hemming <hello@brittanyhemming.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2020 10:42:08 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 5/7] updated closure.js

changed factorial to summation (factorial is for multiplication)
---
 challenges/closure.js | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/challenges/closure.js b/challenges/closure.js
index 2f11fa37d4..101d68e553 100644
--- a/challenges/closure.js
+++ b/challenges/closure.js
@@ -21,4 +21,4 @@ myFunction();
 
 /* Task 2: Counter */
 
-/* Create a function called `factorial` that accepts a parameter and uses a counter to return the factorial of that number. For example, `factorial(4)` should return 10 because 1+2+3+4 is 10. */
\ No newline at end of file
+/* Create a function called `sumation` that accepts a parameter and uses a counter to return the summation of that number. For example, `summation(4)` should return 10 because 1+2+3+4 is 10. */

From e96fa29dd4c3002c583bf08d8d81533632ff9f59 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Brit Hemming <hello@brittanyhemming.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2020 10:43:50 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 6/7] updated fork instructions

---
 README.md | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 3979cc2cf7..cc6d6902fb 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to lea
 ### Task 1 - Project Set up
 
 Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:
+Make sure you clone the branch that the TK links to: the vnext branch, NOT master!
 
 - [ ] Create a forked copy of this project.
 - [ ] Add TL as collaborator on Github.

From 141e2e0f258e0eed1f18ec0c2922657ba8eaec97 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: emilme <emilme@sir.mle>
Date: Fri, 24 Apr 2020 13:00:48 -0700
Subject: [PATCH 7/7] switched to correct branch and carried code over

---
 README.md                      | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 challenges/arrays-callbacks.js | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 challenges/classes.js          | 20 ++++++++++++++++++--
 challenges/closure.js          |  7 ++++++-
 challenges/index.html          |  4 ++--
 challenges/prototypes.js       | 19 ++++++++++++++-----
 6 files changed, 79 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index cc6d6902fb..792e24bb2b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -26,14 +26,30 @@ Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to lea
 
 1. Briefly compare and contrast `.forEach` & `.map` (2-3 sentences max)
 
+foreach has an action for each element for the current array in an array where as map creates a new array to take action on and change.
+
 2. Explain the difference between a callback and a higher order function.
 
+A callback goes in a HOF.
+
 3. What is closure?
 
+A closed enviorment of code in whic things may come in but never leave.
+
 4. Describe the four rules of the 'this' keyword.
 
+Global Binding: Defaults to refer to othe window.
+
+Impliscit Binding: Only applies to objects with methods.
+
+New Binding: Uses constructive functions to create new things
+
+Exsplicit Binding: Overrides other bindings by using .call and .apply etc
+
 5. Why do we need super() in an extended class?
 
+It will not function without it.
+
 ### Task 1 - Project Set up
 
 Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:
diff --git a/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js b/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
index 472ab3e96d..ea4d25d599 100644
--- a/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
+++ b/challenges/arrays-callbacks.js
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ The zoos want to display both the scientific name and the animal name in front o
 
 */
 const displayNames = [];
+zooAnimals.forEach(element => {
+  displayNames.push(`Name: ${element.animal_name}, Sientific: ${element.scientific_name}`)
+});
 console.log(displayNames);
 
 /* Request 2: .map()
@@ -29,7 +32,7 @@ The zoos need a list of all their animal's names (animal_name only) converted to
 
 */
 
-const lowCaseAnimalNames = [];
+const lowCaseAnimalNames = zooAnimals.map(name => name.animal_name.toLowerCase());;
 console.log(lowCaseAnimalNames);
 
 /* Request 3: .filter() 
@@ -37,7 +40,7 @@ console.log(lowCaseAnimalNames);
 The zoos are concerned about animals with a lower population count. Using filter, create a new array of objects called lowPopulationAnimals which contains only the animals with a population less than 5.
 
 */
-const lowPopulationAnimals = [];
+const lowPopulationAnimals = zooAnimals.filter(function (pop){return pop.population < 5;});
 console.log(lowPopulationAnimals);
 
 /* Request 4: .reduce() 
@@ -45,7 +48,9 @@ console.log(lowPopulationAnimals);
 The zoos need to know their total animal population across the United States. Find the total population from all the zoos using the .reduce() method. Remember the reduce method takes two arguments: a callback (which itself takes two args), and an initial value for the count.
 
 */
-const populationTotal = 0;
+const populationTotal = zooAnimals.reduce((total, pop) => {
+  return total += pop.population;
+}, 0);
 console.log(populationTotal);
 
 
@@ -57,19 +62,29 @@ console.log(populationTotal);
   * The last parameter accepts a callback
   * The consume function should return the invocation of cb, passing a and b into cb as arguments
 */
-
+function consume(a,b,cb){
+  return cb( a , b );
+} 
 
 /* Step 2: Create several functions to callback with consume();
   * Create a function named add that returns the sum of two numbers
   * Create a function named multiply that returns the product of two numbers 
   * Create a function named greeting that accepts a first and last name and returns "Hello first-name last-name, nice to meet you!"
 */
-
+function add(a,b){
+  return a + b;
+}
+function multiply(a,b){
+  return a*b;
+}
+function greeting(first_name, last_name){
+  return `Hello ${first_name} ${last_name}, nice to meet you!`;
+}
 
 /* Step 3: Check your work by un-commenting the following calls to consume(): */
-// console.log(consume(2, 2, add)); // 4
-// console.log(consume(10, 16, multiply)); // 160
-// console.log(consume("Mary", "Poppins", greeting)); // Hello Mary Poppins, nice to meet you!
+console.log(consume(2, 2, add)); // 4
+console.log(consume(10, 16, multiply)); // 160
+console.log(consume("Mary", "Poppins", greeting)); // Hello Mary Poppins, nice to meet you!
 
 
 
diff --git a/challenges/classes.js b/challenges/classes.js
index 992e39dc0b..9e7e05780c 100644
--- a/challenges/classes.js
+++ b/challenges/classes.js
@@ -1,7 +1,23 @@
 // 1. Copy and paste your prototype in here and refactor into class syntax.
+class CuboidMaker{
+    constructor(attr){
+    this.length = attr.length;
+    this.width = attr.width;
+    this.height = attr.height;}
 
+    volume(){
+        return this.length * this.width * this.height;
+    }
+
+    surfaceArea(){
+        return 2 * (this.length * this.width + this.length * this.height + this.width * this.height);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  const cuboid = new CuboidMaker({length: 4, width: 5, height: 5});
 // Test your volume and surfaceArea methods by uncommenting the logs below:
-// console.log(cuboid.volume()); // 100
-// console.log(cuboid.surfaceArea()); // 130
+console.log(cuboid.volume()); // 100
+console.log(cuboid.surfaceArea()); // 130
 
 // Stretch Task: Extend the base class CuboidMaker with a sub class called CubeMaker.  Find out the formulas for volume and surface area for cubes and create those methods using the dimension properties from CuboidMaker.  Test your work by logging out your volume and surface area.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/challenges/closure.js b/challenges/closure.js
index 101d68e553..b02af84eb3 100644
--- a/challenges/closure.js
+++ b/challenges/closure.js
@@ -17,8 +17,13 @@ function myFunction() {
 myFunction();
 
 // Explanation: 
-
+/* It can access it becuase it has the right to inherient its
+ parents assets */
 
 /* Task 2: Counter */
 
 /* Create a function called `sumation` that accepts a parameter and uses a counter to return the summation of that number. For example, `summation(4)` should return 10 because 1+2+3+4 is 10. */
+function sumation(num){
+     return (num*(num+1)/2);
+}
+console.log(sumation(4))
diff --git a/challenges/index.html b/challenges/index.html
index 5772804b7f..0dc5ec27dd 100644
--- a/challenges/index.html
+++ b/challenges/index.html
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 
   <title>Sprint Challenge</title>
 
-  <script src="objects-arrays.js"></script>
-  <script src="functions.js"></script>
+  <script src="arrays-callbacks.js"></script>
+  <script src="closure.js"></script>
   <script src="prototypes.js"></script>
   <script src="classes.js"></script>
 </head>
diff --git a/challenges/prototypes.js b/challenges/prototypes.js
index 4cafc33e95..a7574e6d40 100644
--- a/challenges/prototypes.js
+++ b/challenges/prototypes.js
@@ -5,29 +5,38 @@
 /* == Step 1: Base Constructor ==
   Create a constructor function named CuboidMaker that accepts properties for length, width, and height
 */
-
+function CuboidMaker(attr){
+  this.length = attr.length;
+  this.width = attr.width;
+  this.height = attr.height;
+}
 
 /* == Step 2: Volume Method ==
   Create a method using CuboidMaker's prototype that returns the volume of a given cuboid's length, width, and height
   
   Formula for cuboid volume: length * width * height
 */
-
+CuboidMaker.prototype.volume = function(){
+  return this.length * this.width * this.height;
+}
 
 /* == Step 3: Surface Area Method ==
   Create another method using CuboidMaker's prototype that returns the surface area of a given cuboid's length, width, and height. 
 
   Formula for cuboid surface area of a cube: 2 * (length * width + length * height + width * height)
 */
-
+CuboidMaker.prototype.surfaceArea = function(){
+  return 2 * (this.length * this.width + this.length * this.height + this.width * this.height)
+}
 
 /* == Step 4: Create a new object that uses CuboidMaker ==
   Create a cuboid object that uses the new keyword to use our CuboidMaker constructor
   Add properties and values of length: 4, width: 5, and height: 5 to cuboid.   
 */
+const cuboid = new CuboidMaker({length: 4, width: 5, height: 5});
 
 // Test your volume and surfaceArea methods by uncommenting the logs below:
-// console.log(cuboid.volume()); // 100
-// console.log(cuboid.surfaceArea()); // 130
+console.log(cuboid.volume()); // 100
+console.log(cuboid.surfaceArea()); // 130