new arctic ice associated classes

[kaiiam]

Hey @pbuttigieg here are more arctic ice associated terms and classes hopefully to be added to the next release:

blue ice ref1 ref2

Water ice containing little to no air bubbles resulting in a reduction of internal light scattering and, given sufficient volume, a blue appearance.

ice gain ref

A material accumulation process during which the mass of an exiting ice mass increases.

glacial transport process

A material movement process during which a glacier, and anything frozen within it, is transported down a slope by gravitation.

comment: This must be differentiated from small ice mass simply falling or moving down slopes

alpine glacier ref

A glacier contained in the site of a mountain valley.

comment: The qualifier (alpine, mountain, valley) is often used loosely one would not require the glacier to be in an alpine zone to be an alpine glacier.

cirque glaciers ref

A small glacier contained within a cirque basin.

editor note: Use PATO has decreased size axiom.

cirque basin ref

A semicircular or crescent-shaped depression formed by the erosional processes caused by the motion of a glacier.

glacial erosion process, subclass of erosion

An erosion process during which the motion of a glacier removes material from its solid surroundings.

climatic snow line ref

A site on the surface of an elevation, below which snow melts, and above which it may accumulate.

comment: This refers to the physical discontinuity between parts of a mountain that can be consistently covered by snow or not covered by snow.

this could link to both glacial accumulation process and glacial removal process and be added to envo: environmental zone

glacial accumulation process

A material accumulation process whereby the mass of a glacier increases.

Maybe we could add:
glacial removal process synonym: glacier loss

A process whereby the mass of glacial ice decreases at a glacier.

However, this may not be necessary as we already added 'ice loss process'. or we have ice loss process be a superclass of glacier removal process.

calving glacier ref

A glacier with a terminus that ends in a body of water into which icebergs are released in an 'ice claving process'

accretion ice ref1 ref2: doi:10.1038/nrmicro3522

A type of 'water ice' that forms when liquid water freezes to the base of a glacier or ice sheet in an accretion process.

accretion process

An accumulation process during which material accumulates upon or around a solid material entity.

editors note:

We also need to create biofilm accretion process with similar axioms.

supraglacial lake ref

A water body which is contained in a depression on the surface of a glacier.

englacial stream

A stream located in a glacier.

ice ablation zone ref

An 'environmental zone' in which an 'ice ablation process' occurs.

cryoconite ref

A mixture of 'particulate matter' including 'dust', 'rock', 'soot', and microorganisms deposited on an 'ice mass' by an 'aeolian process'

cryoconite holes ref: doi:10.1038/nrmicro3522

A vertical hole which is found within an ice mass, formed by local increases in temperature due to increased absorption of solar radiation by cryoconite deposits.

@kaiiam note to self: See http://glaciers.pdx.edu/Projects/Antarctica/CryoconiteHoles/Cryo_main.html

microorganism synonyms: microorganisms microbe, microbes ref

Any microscopic living organism which is single-celled or multicellular.

aeolian process ref

A 'material transport process' in which wind transports and deposits 'environmental materials'.

soot ref

Any 'particulate matter' composed of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.

solar radiation ref

An 'astronomical body part' comprising the energy received via the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a 'star'.

albedo ref

The disposition of a surface of a material entity, through which that entity reflects incoming stellar radiation.

[pbuttigieg]

Some edits made with @kaiiam to the original comment to clean up definitions. More involved discussion points here:

climatic snow line ref
A site on the surface of an elevation, below which snow melts, and above which it may accumulate.

this could link to both glacial accumulation process and glacial removal process and be added to envo: environmental zone

comment: This refers to the physical discontinuity between parts of a mountain that can be consistently covered by snow or not covered by snow.

Working along BFO, sites aren't material but relativised by material entities. You could recast this by talking about the temperature fluctuations of a part of the elevation. We still haven't totally settled on the zone semantics.

Maybe we could add:
glacial removal process synonym: glacier loss
A process whereby the mass of glacial ice decreases at a glacier.
However, this may not be necessary as we already added 'ice loss process'. or we have ice loss process be a superclass of glacier removal process.

Are you referring strictly to the ice?
Rephrase to:
glacial ice loss =def. A process whereby the mass of ice present in a glacier decreases.

I would precompose the actual terminology is used.

englacial stream
A stream located in a glacier.

Exclusively in? or also on?

cryoconite holes ref: doi:10.1038/nrmicro3522
...

Add melt hole as a superclass, this can be linked to melt ponds
Also, never use plurals and when you add the db_x_refs use the full URL for the DOI.

microorganism synonyms: microorganisms microbe, microbes ref
Any microscopic living organism which is single-celled or multicellular.

ENVO won't handle this, this is PCO's domain. @ramonawalls do you have an appropriate class for microbe? We can create a pull request with some ideas.

aeolian process ref
A 'material transport process' in which wind transports and deposits 'environmental materials'.

Be sure that 'deposits' isn't extraneous

soot ref
Any 'particulate matter' composed of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.

What's impure in this context?

solar radiation ref
An 'astronomical body part' comprising the energy received via the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a 'star'.

Radiation itself would be a process. Double check that this isn't around somewhere. You'd have an irradiated planetary part if you want to refer to the thing being irradiated.

albedo ref
The disposition of a surface of a material entity, through which that entity reflects incoming stellar radiation.

This could be a disposition, but also represented as a process. Check how the terminology is used and provide examples. @kaiiam mentioned that looking at the units albedo is measured in can help.

[pbuttigieg]

@kaiiam for albedo, be aware of #438 and #397

[kaiiam]

Ok @pbuttigieg added blue ice as subset of water ice under environmental material. I also added ice gain under material accumulation process, and cirque glaciers.

I've added glacial transport process as:

A material transport process during which a glacier, and anything frozen within it, is transported down a slope by gravitation.

I've updated alpine glacier, with the definition we discussed. I added glacial erosion process.

climatic snow line

I'll leave out for now and maybe come back to it later.

I've added material decumulation process (along the same lines as material accumulation process)

A process during which the mass of one or more materials decreases at the same site.

That way I could encode glacial ice loss as a subclass of material decumulation process.

I defined englacial stream: ref

A meltwater-sourced stream, partially located and flowing within a glacier or ice sheet.

For melt hole I propose the definition:

A continuous hole within an ice mass formed by the erosional forces of meltwater.

There's no need to add ice ablation zone, as we already added ablation zone.

I've added: aeolian transport process as:

A material transport process in which wind transport environmental materials.

I've added soot as:

Any particulate matter composed of carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.

as for solar radiation how about I do:
irradiated planetary part

An astronomical body part which receives energy via the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a star.

(in consultation with @pbuttigieg) Because albedo is actually more a calculated value, we'll need something like :

 reflectance process 
- reflectance of radiation 
-- reflectance of stellar radiation (A process during which incident stellar radiation is reflected by an environmental material )

 absorption process 
- absorption of radiation 
-- absorption of stellar radiation

Then in IAO

data item
- calculated data item
-- surface albedo

with def along the lines of

Surface albedo is defined as the ratio of radiation reflected to the radiation incident on a surface. 

we'll probably need the other data items too (reflected radiation, incident radiation) in the ENVO namespace.

[kaiiam]

Hey @pbuttigieg here are some updates on these Arctic terms to go into my next pull request.

water terms useful for Arctic brine channels:

environmental materials
-water
--brackish water: def = Water which contains a solution of dissolved salts, which has a higher salinity then fresh water but a lower salinity then saline water.
--brine: def = Water which contains a dense solution of dissolved salts, which has a higher salinity then saline water.

defs for brine and, brackish water

melt holes water bodies and brine channels

water body
- melt pond: def = A small water body, which forms within a continuous mass of ice such a glacier or on sea ice.

physiographic feature

- depression
-- geographic basin def = A depression which is part of a planetary crust, is of geographic scale, and is partially or completely enclosed. 

-- channel 
---brine channel def = A 

--- hole 
----melt hole: def = A continuous hole within an ice mass formed by the erosional forces of meltwater.
----- cryoconite hole: def = A vertical melt hole which is found within an ice mass, formed by local increases in temperature due to increased absorption of solar radiation by cryoconite deposits.

with definitions: cryoconite hole, melt pond and discussion for geographic basin #475

We should also add Brine rejection process def:

A material transformation process during which brine is formed due to salt being pushed out during a frazil formation or seawater freezing process.

seawater freezing process def:

A material transformation process during which seawater freezes into sea ice,

brine rejection process def:

A material transformation process during which brine is formed due to the expulsion of salt during frazil formation or a seawater freezing process. Expelled salt accumulates in brine droplets, which remain in a liquid state due to their increased salinity.

brine channel formation process def:

A material accumulation process during which trapped brine droplets between ice crystals formed during seawater freezing, form brine channels.

frazil def:

Small needle-like ice crystals consisting of nearly pure fresh water, which are suspended in water.

frazil formation def:

A material accumulation process in which frazil ice crystals merge, forming thin sheets of ice.

comment: Frazil formation constitutes an initial developmental stage of sea ice growth.

DOWN THE RABBIT HOLE toward encoding: solar radiation

reflectance process: def = A material transport process during which, a wavefront changes direction at the interface between two different environmental material media, causing the wavefront to return to the medium from which it originated. 
- radiation reflectance process: def = A reflectance process during which radiation emitted from a source, is upon contact with an environmental material, radiated back toward the radiation source.
-- reflectance of stellar radiation: def = A radiation reflectance process during which incident stellar radiation is reflected by an environmental material.

reflectance process

I checked ontobee and I couldn't find anything like a general wave waveform or wavefront. Does that belong in ENVO? or perhaps elsewhere?

Also, I realize these definitions are perhaps not perfectly suited to the wave particle duality concept but I'm trying to be pragmatic and just model waves as material entities and have wave mouvment be a material transport process. Any objections to this?

 absorption process: def = A process during which a material entity takes in another material entity.
- radiation absorption process: def = an absorption process during which radiation is taken in by a material entity.
-- absorption of stellar radiation: def = A radiation absorption process during which stellar radiation is taken in by a material entity.

absorption process

irradiated planetary part: def = An astronomical body part which receives energy via the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a star.

[kaiiam]

@pbuttigieg arctic classes continued in #483

[pbuttigieg]

@pbuttigieg arctic classes continued in #483

I see many classes in #483, but some are still noted only here (e.g. frazil). Please clarify what's left to deal with in this issue or close it and link to its successor.

[kaiiam]

@pbuttigieg I'm still working on it.

[kaiiam]

@pbuttigieg issues moved over to #487

[kaiiam]

In consultation with @pbuttigieg we have decided this will not be a part of the cryophile project's 3rd pull request #487 relevant issues remaining here are:

working toward encoding: solar radiation

reflectance process: def = A material transport process during which, a wavefront changes direction at the interface between two different environmental material media, causing the wavefront to return to the medium from which it originated. 
- radiation reflectance process: def = A reflectance process during which radiation emitted from a source, is upon contact with an environmental material, radiated back toward the radiation source.
-- reflectance of stellar radiation: def = A radiation reflectance process during which incident stellar radiation is reflected by an environmental material.

reflectance process

I checked ontobee and I couldn't find anything like a general wave waveform or wavefront. Does that belong in ENVO? or perhaps elsewhere?

Also, I realize these definitions are perhaps not perfectly suited to the wave particle duality concept but I'm trying to be pragmatic and just model waves as material entities and have wave mouvment be a material transport process. Any objections to this?

 absorption process: def = A process during which a material entity takes in another material entity.
- radiation absorption process: def = an absorption process during which radiation is taken in by a material entity.
-- absorption of stellar radiation: def = A radiation absorption process during which stellar radiation is taken in by a material entity.

absorption process

irradiated planetary part: def = An astronomical body part which receives energy via the electromagnetic radiation emitted from a star.