From eb5c43cdc65cd15f1a7bbe2431170c89adbb49db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: wang58 Date: Thu, 2 Feb 2017 10:01:36 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 01/18] HPT-989 Add OCR generation to JP2 derivatives creation code --- app/models/file_set.rb | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/app/models/file_set.rb b/app/models/file_set.rb index eff9c0096..52a3fcb6e 100644 --- a/app/models/file_set.rb +++ b/app/models/file_set.rb @@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ def create_derivatives(filename) dst = derivative_path('intermediate_file') FileUtils.mkdir_p(File.dirname(dst)) FileUtils.cp(filename, dst) + RunOCRJob.perform_later(id) if Plum.config[:store_original_files] end super end From 395a4e2a9455e00b4b21d43609cec48b4d903ac8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Wed, 8 Feb 2017 16:39:11 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 02/18] Changing CircleCI configuration to allow tesseract to work on JP2s. --- .install_leptonica | 7 +++++++ circle.yml | 4 +++- 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) create mode 100644 .install_leptonica diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fc50bd211 --- /dev/null +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +wget "http://www.leptonica.com/source/leptonica-1.73.tar.gz" +tar xzf leptonica-1.73.tar.gz +cd leptonica-1.73 +sed -i 's/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 0/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 1/g' ./src/environ.h +sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' ./prog/makefile.static +./configure +make diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 736153ca3..54a43643f 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server + - bash ./.install_leptonica + - sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh - bundle exec rake rubocop From a126e731460cdcf0e5d7400ae7f8b348ebcb8fd7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Wed, 8 Feb 2017 16:58:26 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 03/18] Changed order of install CirclCI install script. --- .install_leptonica | 1 + circle.yml | 2 +- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index fc50bd211..ed5520dc5 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ sed -i 's/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 0/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 1/g' ./src/envir sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' ./prog/makefile.static ./configure make +tesseract -v diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 54a43643f..b7de3e667 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ dependencies: pre: - npm install -g eslint - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server - - bash ./.install_leptonica - sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - bash ./.install_leptonica post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh - bundle exec rake rubocop From c67a2fa47ae6ec528f6f117eed75780c9b25c030 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 08:55:00 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 04/18] Adds tesseract to manual install. --- .install_leptonica | 9 +++++++++ circle.yml | 3 +-- 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index ed5520dc5..5a860246c 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -5,4 +5,13 @@ sed -i 's/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 0/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 1/g' ./src/envir sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' ./prog/makefile.static ./configure make +cd .. +wget "https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/archive/3.04.01.zip" +unzip 3.04.01.zip +cd tesseract-3.04.01 +./autogen.sh +./configure --enable-debug +LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" make +sudo make install +sudo ldconfig tesseract -v diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index b7de3e667..d880ab516 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server - - sudo apt-get install tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev - bash ./.install_leptonica post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh From 19f81e467c9c0954d30a09d4132073e29cc30d98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 09:03:53 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 05/18] Forgot to make install leptonica --- .install_leptonica | 1 + 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+) diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index 5a860246c..5223d9f03 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ sed -i 's/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 0/#define HAVE_LIBJP2K 1/g' ./src/envir sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' ./prog/makefile.static ./configure make +sudo make install cd .. wget "https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/archive/3.04.01.zip" unzip 3.04.01.zip From d68068f6518d87094748fd941f4559c77aabf79b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 09:28:17 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 06/18] Adds openjpeg2 to manual build. --- .install_leptonica | 12 ++++++++++++ circle.yml | 2 +- 2 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index 5223d9f03..ff4ccc28b 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -1,3 +1,14 @@ +wget "https://github.com/uclouvain/openjpeg/releases/download/version.2.1/openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386.tar.gz" +tar xzf openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386.tar.gz +cd openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386 +mkdir build +cd build +cmake .. +make +sudo make install +sudo make clean +cd .. +cd .. wget "http://www.leptonica.com/source/leptonica-1.73.tar.gz" tar xzf leptonica-1.73.tar.gz cd leptonica-1.73 @@ -15,4 +26,5 @@ cd tesseract-3.04.01 LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" make sudo make install sudo ldconfig +cd .. tesseract -v diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index d880ab516..9a850b4d4 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev - bash ./.install_leptonica post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh From e5ea4e7a1871368ea8cd512ba3db2fbe8d4380fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 09:36:07 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 07/18] Different download for openjpeg2. --- .install_leptonica | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index ff4ccc28b..0d66cee60 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ -wget "https://github.com/uclouvain/openjpeg/releases/download/version.2.1/openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386.tar.gz" -tar xzf openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386.tar.gz -cd openjpeg-2.1.0-Linux-i386 +wget "https://github.com/uclouvain/openjpeg/archive/version.2.1.zip" +unzip version.2.1.zip +cd openjpeg-version.2.1 mkdir build cd build cmake .. From f4e31f9991fb007b206f7aa3d5d5d5f7b4a0e36c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 10:04:42 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 08/18] Adds libopenjpg2 back to packsge install. --- circle.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 9a850b4d4..d880ab516 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev - bash ./.install_leptonica post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh From 270b7f1a7272d16549995be97004067673ecf8a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 10:30:48 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 09/18] Another try at getting tesseract to work with JP2. --- .install_leptonica | 10 ---------- .tesseract_test | 1 + circle.yml | 3 ++- 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) create mode 100644 .tesseract_test diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_leptonica index 0d66cee60..e619223d9 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_leptonica @@ -18,13 +18,3 @@ sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' . make sudo make install cd .. -wget "https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/archive/3.04.01.zip" -unzip 3.04.01.zip -cd tesseract-3.04.01 -./autogen.sh -./configure --enable-debug -LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" make -sudo make install -sudo ldconfig -cd .. -tesseract -v diff --git a/.tesseract_test b/.tesseract_test new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9adf0f80f --- /dev/null +++ b/.tesseract_test @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +tesseract -v diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index d880ab516..805bec654 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,8 +11,9 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libopenjpeg2 libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev - bash ./.install_leptonica + - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - bash ./.tesseract_test post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh - bundle exec rake rubocop From 94f8c95bf5592940aec172f450e71f29d7789062 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Thu, 9 Feb 2017 10:48:17 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 10/18] Change order of install script in CirclCI --- circle.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 805bec654..1c406b48b 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - bash ./.install_leptonica - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - bash ./.install_leptonica - bash ./.tesseract_test post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh From c9d4f0ed99b16a46a7dc73111e0bb62f5e65664e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 09:02:36 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 11/18] Install all elements of tesseract manually. --- .install_leptonica => .install_tesseract | 11 + .tesseract_test | 1 - circle.yml | 5 +- .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page10-11/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page12/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page13/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page14/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page15/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page16/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page17/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page18/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page19/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page20/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page4/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page5/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page6/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page7/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page8/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page9/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page10/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page11/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page12/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page13/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page14/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page15/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page16/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page4/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page5/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page6/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page7/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page8-9/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page10/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page11/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page12/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page4/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page5/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page6-7/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page8/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page9/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page10/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page11/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page12/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page13/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page14/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page15/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page16/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page4/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page5/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page6/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page7/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page8-9/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page10/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page11/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page12/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page13/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page14/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page15/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page16/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page4/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page5/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page6/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page7/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page8-9/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml | 292 ++++++++++++++++++ .../contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.yml | 79 +++++ .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page3/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page1/fulltext.txt | 2 + .../page2/fulltext.txt | 2 + 85 files changed, 544 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) rename .install_leptonica => .install_tesseract (66%) delete mode 100644 .tesseract_test create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.yml create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt create mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt diff --git a/.install_leptonica b/.install_tesseract similarity index 66% rename from .install_leptonica rename to .install_tesseract index e619223d9..7da23e778 100644 --- a/.install_leptonica +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -18,3 +18,14 @@ sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' . make sudo make install cd .. +git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract.git +cd tesseract +./autogen.sh +./configure --enable-debug +LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" make +sudo make install +sudo ldconfig +make training +sudo make training-install +cd .. +tesseract -v diff --git a/.tesseract_test b/.tesseract_test deleted file mode 100644 index 9adf0f80f..000000000 --- a/.tesseract_test +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -tesseract -v diff --git a/circle.yml b/circle.yml index 1c406b48b..9a0eab0d2 100644 --- a/circle.yml +++ b/circle.yml @@ -11,9 +11,8 @@ dependencies: - kakadu pre: - npm install -g eslint - - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ita tesseract-ocr-eng sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev - - bash ./.install_leptonica - - bash ./.tesseract_test + - sudo apt-get install libmagickwand-dev imagemagick redis-server sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev + - bash ./.install_tesseract post: - sudo sh bin/ci_kakadu_install.sh - bundle exec rake rubocop diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0afd6eadb --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +THE i RISH The Fools, The Fools, They Have Left Us Our Fenian Dead And While Ireland Holds These Graves, Ireland Unfree Will Never Be At Peace...': Padraic Pearse. VOL. II NO. 46 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16,1974 ;. * x-sr.1 8.00 PER YEAR 15 CENTS 10 PENCE UNERAL Unarmed Man Shot By British Thugs The Tricolour-draped coffin, with a black beret placed on top, bearing the remains of Gerard Coney leaving the home of his parents. and seeing a number of boys. He also saw soldiers on a hillside nearby. Some of the boys approached a van and a shot rang out. The man who was subsequently killed ran down the road away from the soldiers for about . 75 yards with his arms in the air. Another shot rang out and the man fell. The eyewitness did not see a gun at any stage by those who attempting to hijack the van. Fennell's widow, Norah, who is expecting another child in the New Year, said: We had been in England but came home a year ago. The only job Gerry could get was in Whiterock industrial estate. But he had been off sick this week. Mrs. Fennell's mother, Mrs. Winnie Pollock, said: I got to the scene of the shooting just as they were putting Gerry in the ambulance. I went with him. In the ambulance I opened his Continued on Page 3 A young Belfastman, shot in the hip by British troops at the scene of an attempted hijacking in the Twinbrook area, was fatally wounded by another bullet in the back as he ran with his hands raised to show he was unarmed, relatives said. He was identified as 27-year-old Mr. Gerard Fennell, of Broom Park, Twinbrook, married with a seven-year-old daughter, Sharon. The shooting happened about 200- yards from his home-at the junction of Stewartstown Road and Summerhill Road and the shots came from a nearby hillside manned by soldiers. They claimed that Mr. Fennell was 'an armed hijacker' and was shot dead when he turned his gun on them. According to the military, troops had stopped another man removing his gun after he was hit. But the driver of the van involved in the hijack attempt maintained, later, that the man who spoke to him and told him to drive his vehicle across the road was not armed. Another eye-witness also insisted that, at no stage in the hijack, did he see anyone with guns. A British Army statement alleged the man they shot was holding a gun to the head of the van driver. He was challenged twice and then he pointed his gun at the soldiers. The troops opened fire and the man was seen to drop. He then got up-still holding his gun-and went to take cover behind the van, the military statement went on. Father Eamonn Magee, of St. Luke's, Twinbrook, said last night he had spoken to the driver of the van within minutes of the shooting. The driver told him, specifically that the man who spoke to him and asked him to drive the vehicle across the road was not armed. The driver had said: I could swear he had no gun. Father Magee said he had questioned the driver carefully on the point. There had been another man present at the van, but the driver could not say whether he was in possession of a gun. Another eye witness told of looking out the window of his home Hunger Strike Protest By Republican Priso mors The thousands of mourners who attended the funeral near Coalisland this week of Long Kesh escapee, Hugh Gerard Coney, heard that other Republican prisoners in the concentration camp had started a hunger strike in protest against the conditions under which they had to live. This was revealed at the graveside, by Co. Tyrone Sinn Fein chairman, Mr. Aidan Corrigan, when he read a letter which he said had been smuggled out of the jail, the previous day, by a Co. Tyrone prisoner. He asked me, said Mr. Corrigan, to tell you of the insufferable, inhuman conditions and indignities which the men in Long Kesh have to suffer. He said that one group had already gone on hunger strike and that others would follow suit. Continued on Page 4 ON SATURDAY NOV. 16 A PROTEST PICKET WILL BE HELD OUTSIDE THE OFFICES OF BRITISH AIRWAYS IN N.Y. TO PROTEST INTERNMENT OF IRISH MEN AND WOMEN IN BRITISH JAILS TIME: 2 TO 6 p.m. Upwards of 8,000 people attended the funeral of Hugh Gerard Coney, the 24-year-old Annaghmore (Coalisland) man who was shot dead by British troops during Wednesday morning's escape attempt by Republican detainees from Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Coney, who was described in death notices as a lieutenant in the East Tyrone Command of the Provisional I.R.A., was buried with full military honours in St. Patrick's Cemetery, Clonoe, a mile from his home. The coffin, which was draped with the Tricolour and a football jersey of Clonoe G.F.C., of which he was a member, was borne for a quarter-mile from his home on the shoulders of fellow team-mates and members of the Republican movement. A guard of honour of Fianna Eireann and Clonoe G.F.C. marched on both sides of the hearse to St. Patrick's Church. The remains were received by Rev. Patrick Coyle, C.C., and Rev. Father Joachim, O.F.M., one of the chaplains at Long Kesh, and the priest who administered the Last Rites to Mr. Coney at the time of his death. Speaking during Requiem Mass Father Coyle said they were there to extend their sympathy to James and Kitty Coney, the parents of the dead man, and to his brothers and sisters. He added: We in this parish have over the past few years prayed at Mass for peace and justice for all of Ireland. In the days ahead, we will continue to do so, and we will remember the deceased in our prayers. Following the Requiem Mass, Mr. Coney was interred in the adjoining cemetery, where, following the sounding of the Last Post, men in para-military uniforms fired a volley of shots over the grave. In a graveside oration Seamus Loughran of Belfast, an ex-internee, said he prayed that the body of Gerard Coney would be the last one to be brought from the hell-hole of Long Kesh. He added: We have a duty to do all in our power to bring about the closure of Long Kesh and an end to internment . Mr. Loughran, Sinn Fein organiser in Belfast, said that, next to love of God came love of one's country, and nowhere more so than in Ireland had this proved true. It's truly a noble thing to die for one's country, he said. It's one thing to give one's life in the heat of battle. It's an entirely different thing to dedicate your life in pursuit of what you believe in, an ideal that you know can, and Con tinued on Page 3 Provos Hi-jack British Army Mail The Provisional IRA in Belfast on Monday claimed that they were studying a haul of British Army documents seized jn a mail van hold-up near the military headquarters in the North last week. Included in the haul, said the IRA, were letters to girl friends, wives and relatives from soldiers detailing army life the general theme of which was that complete demoralisation of the British soldier in Ireland. The IRA said that the mail bags also contained 10,000 in cash, together with money order payments to informers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army, confidential military documents, details of undercover cars and by plain clothes patrols, lists of deserters and absentees, and the names and addresses of UDR personnel. In a statement the IRA said: The Belfast Brigade intend to act immediately on the considerable amount of information obtained. The R.U.C. confirmed that five armed men had hi-jacked a Post Office van near Bridge Street car park in Lisburn at 6:30 p.m. last Friday. A police spokesman said that the van and its crew were driven to a side road four miles away near Hillsborough. There the raiders took several mail bags from the van and left the crew with the vehicle. The exact number of mail bags taken was not disclosed. The Army made no comment on the incident. Along with their statement on the raid, the I.R.A. released photostat copies of military documents, some of which were stamped restricted. The statement said: On Friday, November 1, 1974, in a well co-ordinated and selective operation, an intelligence unit of the Belfast Brigade captured mail belonging to the British Army. Then the IRA listed 11 items, beginning with letters from soldiers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army and lists of deserters and absentees. One item was money orders (Giros) made payable to individuals from all areas of the Six Counties. The IRA said: From this we now have a clear picture of who is supplying the British Army with information. Other items mentioned were: confidential military documents regarding a conference relating to the building of Long Kesh; confidential military documents to all police stations; a list containing names and addresses of UDR personnel; a list of male and female applicants for the UDR and other security forces together with details of referees, and letters from people in the 26 Counties stating that they wished to join the British Army. The IRA said that the details of undercover cars included tax books and details of car number plates. The Army admitted that some mail from soldiers was probably in the bags seized by the I.R.A., but it denied that any confidential documents were in the sacks. A spokesman, said: Anything of a sensitive nature would go through the British Forces Post or via a special courier. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..426a96962 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +nr It is not those who inflict the most but those who endure the most who will succeed. Terence MacSwiney. 6 ' MEN BE THE WIRE The positive quality of the true revolutionary is that he is ready to die, not to defend an ideal but rather to convert it into a reality.' Sean Meehan Re-Arrested Outside Portlaiose Jail Justice McGrath at Portarlington court granted an application for the extradition of Sean Meehan (22), of Crumlin Road, Belfast. The Justice informed Meehan that the warrant would not be issued for 15 days. In the meantime, Meehan was granted bail in his own surety of 1,000 and one surety from William Fuller, Howth Road, Dublin, of 5,000. Meehan is wanted in Belfast in connection with the murder of Constable Raymond Carroll on January 28, 1972. It is understood that three other men are already serving sentences in connection with the same charge. Det.-Sgt. Philip O'Keeffe, Portlaoise, told the court that he arrested Meehan on foot of a warrant outside Portlaoise Jail on Saturday morning last. When charged later at a special court, Meehan replied: Nothing to say. Witness told Mr. Myles Shevlin, solicitor, defending, that he could not actually identify Meehan as the man wanted in Belfast. Det.-Constable Bert Elliott, R.U.C, Belfast, said he identified Meehan as the man wanted in connection with the murder. Mr. Myles Shevlin submitted that the warrant as issued was not good. It did not name any discernable person. It mentioned a police constable only. There could be any number of constables. London Catholic Institute's Evidence Slams Internment The London-based Catholic Institute for International Relations, whose President is Cardinal Heenan, has come out strongly against internment. The Institute's criticisms are contained in a 2,000 word memorandum it has submitted to the Gardiner Committee which is currently looking into the workings of the Northern Ireland Emergency Provisions Act. Members of the Institute also gave evidence to the Committee in Belfast last week. The CHR evidence calls for a date to be set when all internees must either be released or formally charged with a specific offence before the Northern Ireland courts. This, the evidence says, is the only feasible policy... and there is no room for half measures. Opposition to internment, the memorandum says, derives among both the Catholic and Protestant communities in the North from the basic injustice of the system. The document attacks specifically the workings of the Emergency Provisions Act, its derogation from accepted British standards of justice and the demoralising effect of internment on individuals, families and the community in Northern Ireland. There is no doubt, the evidence says, that the introduction in August 1971 of internment without trial greatly accelerated the trend towards violence and alienated almost the entire Catholic community. The CUR urges the need to restore respect for the rule of law in the North, but adds that there can be no hope of introducing any civil police force into many areas while internment lasts. The authors of the CUR evidence acknowledge the help of among others the Rev. Enda McDonagh, Professor of Moral Theology at Maynooth, Fr. Desmond Wilson of Belfast and Professor Hywell Griffiths of the New University of Ulster, in preparing their memorandum. BBC Sit-In By Loyalist Women Programmes by BBC Northern Ireland were not disrupted last week despite a sit-in by up to 100 relatives and friends of loyalist prisoners at Long Kesh who were demanding better conditions for their men. They refused to allow staff in or out and threatened to call in UDA men unless they were allowed to continue their protest peacefully. The women sat in the lobby of the Ormeau Avenue studios and some wandered around talking to staff but the general tone of the occupation was good-humoured. Northern Ireland head of programmes, Mr. Richard Francis, said that while he could not condone an invasion of private property in this manner, the protest had not , interfered with the preparation or transmission of programmes. The occupation began shortly after 10 a.m. when about 30 women, led by Mrs. Mary Douglas, burst through the doors past the security men. They were later joined by other women who were coming back from visits to Long Kesh. Cigarettes and food were banded in through windows and loyalist flags were flown to highlight their protest. We decided to occupy the BBC to get the maximum publicity for our protest against the inhuman conditions being suffered by our men in Long Kesh, even though they had nothing to do with the burning of the camp by the republicans, said one of the women. During the day they allowed members of the BBC Northern Ireland Orchestra to leave after a rehearsal, but movement in and out of Broadcasting House was severely restricted and at the whim of the protesters. The women were later joined by loyalist councillor, Mr. Hugh Smith. Persecution And Principle It is with reluctance we refer to the part played by the Irish Hierarchy in the tragic happenings of 1922-23, but history is history and the truth, however bitter, must be told. We wish with all our heart that the story could have been otherwise, that we could tell with pride of spiritual guides who were at one with the most loyal and devoted of their flock in their desire and their efforts for freedom, as Cardinal Mercier and the Bishops and priests of Belgium were with their people when the horrors of invasion and war swept down on them in 1914. Instead of hailing the invader as the legitimate ruler of Belgium and his native tools as patriots, Cardinal Mercier encouraged his people to the utmost resistance they could give and lashed with words of fire those slavish Belgians who yielded to the invader, co-operated with him in any way or recognised him as having the slightest authority or right in Belgium then or in the future. The noble words with which he inspired his own countrymen gave inspiration to the men of 1916, of 1920 and of 1922 in Ireland, when they stood up against the arrogant attacks of England and of England's Irish tools and gave their clean lives for the God-given freedom and honour of Ireland. I was asked lately by a staff officer/' said Cardinal Mercier, whether a soldier falling in a righteous cause-and our cause is such a demonstration-is not veritably a martyr. Well, he is not a martyr in the rigorous theological meaning of the word, inasmuch as he dies in arms, whereas the martyr delivers himself, undefended and unarmed, into the hands of the executioner. But if I am asked what I think of the eternal salvation of a brave man who has consciously given his life in defence of his country's honour, and in vindication of violated justice, I shall not hesitate to reply, without any doubt whatever, Christ crowns his military valour, and that death, accepted in this Christian spirit, assures the safety of that man's soul. Greater love than this no man hath,' said Our Saviour, 'that a man lay down his life for his friends.' And the soldier who dies to save his brothers and to defend the hearths and altars of his country, reaches this highest of all degrees of Charity. When the soldiers of the Republic of Ireland were fighting 'to defend the hearths and altars of their country' against England's Black-and-Tans they were excom municated by at least one Irish Bishop and denounced by several others. When 93 per cent of the people declared by their votes that Dail Eireann and the I.R.A. were the lawful Government and Army of Ireland the most unanimous vote that has ever been given in the face of armed intimidation in any country on earth-the Irish Hierarchy were respectfully asked to crown their people's choice by giving their allegiance to Dail Eireann and so stregthen the hands of those who were trying to make real and lasting peace with England. They refused, and by their refusal forfeited their right to take part in the political affairs of their country in the future. But when the Treaty of Surrender was signed and its terms prematurely published by the English and their Irish allies, and before the elected representatives of the people had time to meet and discuss what had been done without authority, some of the Bishops rushed into print to urge its acceptance and commenced privately to urge deputies of Dail Eireann to vote for it. They went further. They entered into the strangest Alliance that has ever been known in Ireland. The Fenians, or Irish Republican Brotherhood, a great end splendid military organisation, founded in 1858, became such a menance to British Imperialism that a clever and subtle campaign of English lying and misrepresentation succeeded in having it condemned by Rome as a secret society on the lines of the Freemasons or the Oddfellows-which it was not. From the Sixties down to our own day the I.R.B. was condemned year by year in Lenten Pastorals and the young men warned against it. The I.R.B., re-organised and made a very compact, effective organisation by Clarke, MacDiarmada, Pearse and MacBride was the spark that lit the Easter Fire of 1916. Afterwards, when the I.R.A. gave allegiance to Dail Eireann, an effort was made by Cathal Brugha and others to have the I.R.B. disbanded, as there was no further necessity for and a great deal of danger in a secret organisation; but Michael Collins and his friends kept it in being and, after the truce, tried to get into it every member of the I.R.A., the reason given being to safeguard the Republic as there was danger of the politicians letting it down. It was the I.R.B. prostituted to political ends, that undermined the loyalty of high Army officers and soldier deputies of Dail Eireann in December, 1921, and it was an alliance or comgination of the Irish Hierarchy and the I.R.B. that carried the Treaty of Surrender. There is no doubt whatever about that. When the Provisional Government was set up by men who had publicly stated that they would be loyal to their solemn oath and would keep intact the Republic of Ireland, the Bishops smiled on it and frowned on its opponents. In October, 1922, after war had been started by the usurpers, under orders from England, after the Pact of Peace had been broken by them, and after they had already murdered Republicans, The Bishops issued what they called a Joint Pastoral in which they gave their whole-hearted support to those who had betrayed their trust and murdered their kin, and they forbade their priests to give Absolution to the defenders of the Republic or to any of their supporters, all of whom were denounced in most intemperate language. There was condemnation in the Joint Pastoral of what were called unauthorised murders, but when the implication of those ill-chosen words was seen, they were repudiated by their authors. But it was too late. Such thoroughly British organs as The Freeman's Journal, and The Tablet (London) had already published the version containing the extraordinary words, and their copies of the Pastoral had been handed to them by the Secretary to the Hierarchy, himself a Bishop. After that, no penitent known to be a Republican who had not turned traitor to Ireland, was given Absolution unless he answered in the affirmative the question; Do you accept the Joint Pastoral? Prisoners were in a terrible position. There were over 10,000 men and women, boys and girls, in the British jails and internment camps of the 26 Counties. They had been arrested and held without charge of any kind-simply because they were Republicans-and the bare fact that they were prisoners put upon them the ban of the Bishops. The chaplains could not give them the Sacraments unless they accepted the Pastoral, they could not accept the Pastoral without accepting as truth the falsehood that the Provisional Government of usurpers and rebels was a Government elected by the votes of the people, without accepting treachery and murder as virtues and fidelity and sacrifice as crimes, and so men and women the mcst devoted and loyal to their Faith in Ireland were left without the strength and consolation of Confession and Holy Communion. Superiors of Religious Orders were reprimanded by individual Bishops for sending confessors to Columns of Republican soldiers in the hills.' Republican priests or nuns could not express their opinions, even in the privacy of communities, while those who supported the Free Stater, even in battle, was murder. The I.R.B. was honoured; those who had tried to have that secret society disbanded and to have only open organisations were treated as men accursed. Michael Collins was the leading man in the I.R.B. When he was killed in battle, he was given honours scarcely less than would have been given to a Cardinal. There was no protest when a prominent I.R.B. man stood up in the midst of Bishops and priests and likened Michael Collins to Our Lord walking on the waters of the Lake of Galilee. And only a little while before the dead body of Cathal Brugha-one of the most exemplary Catholics in Ireland-was refused admission to a Dublin Church. It was said at the time that the slaughter of the Four Martyrs on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception in 1922 was delayed for over an hour in the hope that they would accept the Joint Pastoral as just, and the Government of traitors as the lawful authority. For that official murder of innocent men no word of condemnation came from the Bishops. Over two hundred authorised and unauthorised murders were committed by the renegades in power, but they were hailed by the Bishops as the saviours of their country, while their clean-hearted victims who died the death of martyrs were denounced as robbers, looters and hooligans who were not worthy of Christian burial. Priests who came out into the open as Republicans were victimised. Some were driven into exile, like Father Albert, Father Dominic, Father Joseph and Father Ciaran, while others who could not stand by and see the injustice of it all and the danger to the Faith which it threatened, had to express themselves anonymously and do good by stealth. Their candid opinions of the Joint Pastoral., and the attitude it represented could be quoted here, but they would be of little use because no names could be appended to them. Three RTE Chiefs May Face Charges Of Publicising IRA Three leading RTE programme makers could soon face charges of breaking a Government directive banning all TV publicity for the IRA. In a new move, the RTE Authority is to decide shortly whether or not the controversial 7-Days programme on internment-screened nearly three weeks ago-breached the Section 31 guidelines laid down more than two years ago. The RTE Board has now taken a direct interest in the programme which drew a personal protest from the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, and its nine members have demanded a full file on the show which led to management action inside the station. Transferred producer Eoghan Harris and his editor, Gerry Murray, hit by the results of an inquiry into the programme, appealed the management moves during a four-hour hearing on Saturday but now both men and their direct superior, Current Affairs Chief, Des Fisher, may have to face the Authority directly to explain the show. The results of the appeal heard by Authority member, Mr. Sean MacReamoinn; Personnel Head, Oliver Maloney, and Assistant Programme Controller, Mr. Jack White, are expected to be made known today but the appeal decision Hunger Strike At Crumlin Rd. Jail Republican remand prisoners in Crumlin Road Jail-some of whom have been waiting for trial for up to a year-a hunger strike began November 7 in protest against being locked up in their cells for 22 out of every 24 hours. The strike was undertaken initially by 30 prisoners, and more will join in the next few days until all 165 men in a wing are involved. During the strike the men are understood to intend refusing food parcels. Sentenced prisoners are expected to refuse to leave their cells in support of their demands for a return to normality at the prison. The latest trouble at the prison has its origins in the burning of Long Kesh three weeks ago. Prisoners at Crumlin Road demonstrated in support and the remand prisoners feel that they have been excessively penalised since then. The remand prisoners-who are innocent until proven guilty in the court-are normally allowed . considerable access to recreation facilities and free association with each other. But up to now, recreation breaks were being confined to two hours per day for three batches of 55 men each, and they claim that the Governor of the prison told them that this situation would continue indefinitely. The men find this situation intolerable and are determined to highlight their grievances, particularly since there has been absolutely no trouble for the past three weeks. may be held in abeyance until the Authority has finished its look at the show. If the Board decides that the programme breached the Section 31 directive, Mr. Harris, Mr. Murray and Mr. Fisher could face more serious charges. The Authority is understood to be intent on discharging its obligations under the directive and its members are not prepared to risk the possibility of being sacked, the fate which met the station Authority when it failed to reach a decision over a radio interview with Sean MacStiophain two years ago. RTE Administrators are also becoming worried about new consumer programmes, according to a document submitted by the station to the Common Market Commission and published in the current edition of the EEC Industry and Society. The latest dispute within RTE over the showing of a 7-Days programme on internment is certain to be raised in the Dail later this week, Chris Glennon writes. Two questions to the Minister, Dr. Cruise O'Brien, will provide a vehicle for examining his role in relation to RTE programmes, particularly the October 17 film on internment. Mr. Tom Meaney, F.F. deputy, mid-Cork, will ask the Minister the number of occasions on which he has requested time on radio or TV to explain his viewpoint and how many times the Minister has verbally or in writing contacted the RTE authorities to communicate his displeasure with certain programmes. Those questions are not expected to be reached until later. The Taoiseach will be asked by Mr. Sean Moore (F.F.) if there are any proposals before the Government to amend the Constitution or to prepare a new Constitution. Torture On Trial Four Northern Ireland men who were tortured at the hands of the British Army and the R.U.C. Special Branch left Dublin Airport this week accompanied by their lawyers to attend the Torture case against the British Government at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The case will continue until next Thursday and a team of four doctors as well as Mr. John Hume of the S.D.L.P. and delegates from the Republic are attending. However, three of the seven men are in Long Kesh and last minute efforts by their lawyers, and an appeal by them to the European Commission, failed to secure their release for the Court hearings. The British Government has insisted that they will not be released and has refused the Commissioners access to Long Kesh to take statements from the three. Two of the men have been interned for almost a year and the other is a sentenced prisoner, but friends have requested that their names be withheld for the present because of fears for the safety of other members of their families. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c47e12a75 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CM HI -J a. O The Hunger Strikers At Foly Square I 2 x CO .2 E gt; o 2 By: BERNARD MACKLE Last August, I bumped into Jimmy Lyons, an old friend, on O'Connell Street, Dublin, while on a visit to Ireland. Jimmy, a disabled vet, served in my old army division (27th Infantry Reg. 25th Div.). He owns a tavern in Hillside, N.J., called Lyons' Den . Jim a native of County Roscommon, Ireland, has a lovely American wife Eileen and five children. We arranged to take the train from Dublin to Belfast and see for ourselves whether the British army was really keeping peace between Irish religious fanatics, as reported in most Jersey papers. We stayed only two days in Belfast, which seemed afterwards like two weeks, and were left with the unforgettable memory of the Irish people in Belfast who silently resist the constant ominous threat of the occupying British army. On the evening of the day we arrived, a 13 year old child went to the corner store to get an ice cream cone and was shot dead by one of the pasty-faced soldiers in flack jackets of the Royal Green Jacket Regiment who patrol the streets of Belfast in daylight on foot or in heavy armored cars with their finger always in the trigger guard of an automatic shoulder weapon. We stayed in separate houses that night. Lyons woke up in a bedroom flooded with blinding white light and deafened by the sound of a helicopter hovering directly over the house. The search lights are used by the helicopter pilots to illuminate the backyards ot Nationalist areas looking for a target for the door gunner. It is at night that the I.R.A. lads on the run are trying to get home for a visit with their mother and family. Most of the fathers are interned in the infamous Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Not a word of bigotry or religious hatred did we hear while there, but many accounts of the vicious ruthlessness of the hated Brits and the courageous exploits of the I.R.A. lads were related in the tiny kitchens and parlors. We left convinced that peace will never come to the six counties of occupied Ireland until the United Nations intervene and the British Army with tho S.A.S. assassination experts are withdrawn from Ireland. The S.A.S. (Secret Air Services) resemblos the C.I.A. in that it uses the same tactics of clandestine murder, infiltration, and the distorted news release to discredit the Irish men who are fighting to free their native land from the ancient enemy. I left Jimmy in Dublin to go to the musical festival in Listowel, County Kerry, where the traditional Irish Musicians Club of N.Y., the group I travelled with on the charter air trip, would be competing in the annual events. Jimmy went on to the North to visit Derry City, scene of Bloody Sunday when British soldiers in dress uniform pulled into a small square, dismounted from their armored cars and carefully aiming at short range, fired into the backs of a group of Irish people listening to a civil rights speaker on a stand. 13 persons were left dead. The shocking crime was given world wide publicity since a news photographer was in the square. Nonetheless, no charges were ever brought by the English Government against their uniformed murderers. When Jimmy arrived back in Hillside, he was selected as President of the NJ. Chapter of the Irish Legal Aid Fund. This fund was formed to provide 25 per week to support each of the children of the four Irish-Americans who had been arrested in New York by the F.B.I., tried in Baltimore, convicted and sentenced to six years and then sent separately to maximum security prisons to be kept in solitary confinement for admitting guilt to Sinn Fein President Addresses All-Group Conference South's Government ise To Attend the Federal Crime of attempting to arrange, in New York, the purchase of arms for the I.R.A. In the Baltimore Federal Court, Judge Northrup, before sentencing, to his credit, said, the defendants were not true criminals and acted out of love for their native land. One of the prisoners, Jim Conlon, a Queens, N.Y. businessman with a large family, has, in recent weeks, been subjected to intense interrogation by Federal Agents in his cell in the Ft. Leavenworth Bastile, although his lawyer had not been notified. When Conlon refused to become an informer , he was threatened with deportation to Belfast, his native city. One of two things can happen to Jim when the plane touches down in Belfast. Either he will be placed under surveillance and murdered sometime later by S.A.S. agents or else arrested and taken by helicopter to Long Kesh where he will undergo torture and intensive interrogation while his wife and 5 children pray for his safety back home in New York. It should be noted that a former I.R.A. Chief, Sean McBride, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize earlier in the month, headed Amnesty International, the organization that brought documented charges of torture of prisoners in the Long Kesh Concentration Camp, against the British Government at the hearings held before the European Commission of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The hearings, which revealed the shocking atrocities by British guards, have been moved to Stavenger, Norway. Since the recent fire in Long Kesh that destroyed most of the miserable, overcrowded huts, the Irish internees, held without charge or trial, are now forced to sleep out on the wet ground and have the indignities of their personal items being destroyed by the British guards. Bishop Drury of Corpus Christi, Texas, and New York Congressman Wolf, who actually have been inside Long Kesh, say the only items missing there are the gas ovens. Monday, October 28th at 9:00 P.M., James Lyons and Michael Costeloe, a County Galway man and father of 4 children, began a hunger strike on the steps of the Federal Building in Foley Square, New York City, hoping somehow to stop the threat of deportation of Conlon to Long Kesh, to effect a transfer to a prison closer to his home so his children could visit, and to stop any further questioning without the presence of his attorney. On Wednesday, the third day of the hunger strike, T.V. camera crews interviewed Lyons and Costeloe on the steps while a New Jersey Delegation of Irish-Americans from Bergen, Ocean, Monmouth, and Essex Counties sang Irish songs. On Saturday, November 2nd, the sixth day without food, Lyons and Costeloe were again applauded by their friends. Mrs. Conlon arrived, showing the visible effects of the fear of her husband's deportation threat and thanked both men for their sacrifice on her husband's behalf. Jim Conlon's six-year old boy then spoke into the Mike and faltering, thanked both the hunger strikers for trying to bring his daddy back home. Tears were streaming unashamedly down many faces at this time. Speakers then asked everyone to write to their Representatives to intervene so the hunger strike could end since Lyons and Costeloe were resolved to continue until a substantial committment was given. Many telegrams were read, including those from Congressman Carey, from Ramsey Clark who promised to join their legal staff, and Fr. Sean McManus, the Baltimore priest who has done so much in the crusade to bring justice to Northern Ireland. The following telegram was received* MY WASHINGTON OFFICE IS Refui Michael Costello and Jim Lyons CONTACTING DIRECTOR BUREAU OF PRISONS TO SEEK TRANSFER OF J. CONLON FROM LEAVENWORTH TO LEWISBURG-EVERYTHING POSSIBLE WILL BE DONE TO BRING CONLON CLOSER TO HIS FAMILY. CONGRESSMAN PETER W. RODINO,JR. On Saturday night, Congressman Rodino met Mrs. Conlon in Newark and gave her his personal assurance that every effort would be made to halt the threatened deportation of her husband. Word was brought to Jim Lyons and Mike Costeloe on the steps at Foley Square and they agreed to halt the hunger strike. All of us who know both men can only express our admiration for their courage and selfless sacrifice but the gratitude of Mrs. Conlon and her little family will always sustain them. On Monday afternoon, November 4th, Bart Dougherty, a Detective Lt. in the Essex County Prosecutors Office and the National Coordinator of the Irish Legal Aid Fund received a telephone call from Congressman Rodino. He informed Dougherty that the Director of Federal Prisons had just notified the Congressman that James Conlon was being transferred to Lewisburg, Md. JEANNIE CAMPBELL Irish Store 5008 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10034 (near 213th St.) Tel.212-LO-7-5169 Largest selection of 8 track tapes Casetes Records Galore Only store in country selling Paddy Carty Traditional LP. (A must for people that love truly Irish Traditional Music) Irish sweaters* China* Glassware and sonveniers. Irish papers on sale every Monday night Problems with Tape Deck, Car, Radio any typo Hi Fi or Stereo Phonographic expert Years of experience service and sales Phono needles examined free A conference from which no party or group was to be excluded ended successfully this week despite refusal of the Southern government and Opposition party, Fianna Fail, to send representatives. Almost every speaker from the platform and the floor condemned the absence of the representatives during the three-day Conference. The conference, organised by the Speakers' Club of the Regional Technical College, Galway, was described as a vehicle whereby Irishmen of all political opinions, North and South, could give their answers to current crisis. But despite the absence of the government or Opposition of the South a representative panel of about 50 speakers from North and South including many Republican and Loyalist contingents took part in the debate. The subject for discussion was Can Irishmen Find A Solution To Their Own Problems . All the sessions, especially the private ones, involving loyalist leaders, the Provisionals and many shades of opinion, provided signs of a large extent of common ground. The delegates taking part were unanimous in a wish to meet again soon. THE BUILDING OF A NEW IRELAND The President of Provisional Sinn Fein, Mr. Ruairi O'Bradaigh told the conference that once the British made an undertaking to withdraw from Northern Ireland the I.R.A. would stop fighting. Said Mr. O'Bradaigh: When we come to the matter of a solution the key to the solution lies in a declaration by the British of their intention, over some period of years, to be negotiated, to quit our country once and for all. 'That should be the first step and the I.R.A. have said in their public statement that once such a date is given and a firm intention, they would stop fighting. and a fresh start made . Mr. O'Bradaigh quoted the British Kilbrandon Report where, he said, a federal system was defined as sovereignty divided between two levels of government, the federal government sovereign in some matters and the provincial in others, each exercising power within its own sphere and neither subordinate. Mr. O'Bradaigh added that the situation in Ireland now was the result of the failure of an imposed British settlement in 1921. MR. HARRY MURRAY, formerly of the Loyalist Ulster Workers Council, said that he believed the people of the North must first be united before there could be an united Ireland. We must live together he said. We must be one people. Before the constitutional convention elections, there must be dialogue established by both sides in the North so that they could remove their fears and suspicion of each other . MR. SAMMY SMITH, a member of the Ulster Defence Association told the conference: It is obvious that their position (Irish Nationalists) is one of sheer, undiluted nationalist bigotry. It must be emphasised that I am referring to the citizens of the Republic and Northern Nationalists who, to a man subscribe to the myth of a united Ireland. The Protestant in Northern Ireland is not Irish, does not regard himself as Irish and objects most vehemently when * he is allied with what, to him, is now a most obnoxious breed . MR. FRANK McMANUS, the former U n ity M.P. for Fermanagh/South Tyrone said that if the Loyalists had not destroyed Sunningdale, the Nationalists would have done so, since it sought to formalise the artificial division of the community. The forthcoming Convention should, as a first step, negotiate English withdrawal from The next stage, I would see, is the tne North, and lf tnis Convention building of a new federal Ireland with a division of power-both states, North and South, being dismantled created a forum for listening point worthwhile . a representative it would be Loyalists Will Be Worst Hit By Currency The Ulster Workers' Council plan to boycott Irish cash was seen in Dublin on Monday as a very damp squib likely to cause more inconvenience to Loyalists than to any other section of the Northern Ireland community. The UWC scheme is to put up posters in shops telling customers that Irish money will not be accepted. Council spokesman, Mr. Jan Smyth, said that in a'ddition, factory workers would be asked not to accept the Republic's currency in pay packets. But an Irish banks'spokesman said the campaign would have no major practical effect. And the Dublin Government is understood to feel that anything which forms an unnecessary barrier between North and South, or between communities in the North is something to be deplored. GOODS SANCTIONS ' LATER Mr. Smyth said that sanctions on Eire goods would be considered later. The UWC had decided that in view of their opposition to a united Ireland It was ridiculous that Eire currency should be used alongside British currency. Their currency is not legal tender in the United Kingdom and, as we are part of the United Kingdom, it should not be considered here. The boycott of currency, he added, will be a means of reminding the South that we do not want anything to do with them. Immediate moves must be made to ensure that Southern currency is made worthless in the Six Counties. Supporting the campaign, the UWC's Co. Antrim Executive said: This is no futile protest. It will permit Ulster folk who are sick and tired of constant foreign political intrusion into our tragic situation to strike a peaceful but humiliating blow to those same subversive Eire Government forces. BANK SPOKESMAN'S VIEW The total value of Irish currency in circulation at present is 22572 million, including 210 million in notes. Only a small amount of this, possibly as little as two per cent, is in circulation in Northern Ireland. The Irish banks' spokesman said the boycott would not result in any exchange rate discrepancy. The banks all of which are 32-county organisations, would simply continue to transfer their respective currencies. Any bank will accept Irish money and change it for British money without any difficulty, said the spokesman. That's just part of their business. So even if there was a massive boycott, traders and other individuals would have no trouble about getting change. A Dublin export consultant said a products boycott would have a minimal effect on the Republic's exports to Northern Ireland-now running at more than 80 million a year. A retaliatory boycott would damage the North's economy. In a trade war both sides get hurt, he said. The consultant also pointed out that most business transactions were done by cheque, bill of exchange or transfer or funds, and not by cash. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5d61637f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Need Of Homes For Police beared Of Assault I f - * U gt; - l- r* - Ti F It Mentally Handicapped On Catholic Youth A Mental Handicap Conference in Dublin at the week-end was told that almost 3,000 adult handicapped are accommodated in Irish psychiatric hospitals. This occurred, explained the Parliamentary Secretary to the. Minister for Health, Mr. Barry, because of the inadequate provision of special residential accommodation for patients, who, having reached adulthood in special centres for children, required continuing care in residential accommodation. Mr. Barry explained that it has been the practice to transfer some mentally handicapped patients to mental hospitals, but now there is a growing volume of opinion against this arrangement. Both he and the Minister, he admitted, felt strongly that psychiatric hospitals were not the best setting for mentally handicapped, and their aim was to ensure that as soon as sufficient alternative accommodation was available no handicapped patient would be transferred to a psychiatric hospital, unless he was suffering from some illness which would warrant psychiatric treatment. Moreover, Mr. Barry explained that the lack of alternative suitable accommodation' for adults had resulted in yet another problem the inordinately high proportion of the present population in centres who are 16 years and upwards. The latest available figures shows there are no less than 2,117 or 44 per-cent of the patient population in those centres are adults. Mr. Barry stressed that one of the main difficulties in planning for the future is that there no reliable statistics available on the numbers of mentally handicapped children and adults in the country. If we are to plan with confidence we must have firm facts on which to base our plans, he said. With this in mind, he added, steps had been taken to secure exact information about the incidence and pattern of mental handicap in this country. PROTECTION In a talk on Community Involvement by the Mentally Handicapped, Mr. Seamus Kelly, of Dunore House Association, said that over protection can do as much harm as neglect, but in the case of adult handicapped, there must always be some degree of protection or care depending on the degree of handicap and the type of centre in which the person lived. Parents and relatives can help, he added, by maintaining regular contact with handicapped people in residential centres and such contacts should be encouraged by the provision of facilities for visiting. To integrate handicapped adults into the community, Mr. Kelly said there must be an acceptance by the other members of the community. One cannot impose another group on to a reluctant community. This can only defeat the purpose of placing residential centres in residential areas. All members of a community, handicapped or otherwise have equal rights. It is necessary to educate the non-handicapped as to the nature of the new members in their midst. PARENTS'ROLE Dr. Barbara Stokes, Medical Director of St. Michael's House, told the conference that the new ministerial move towards the closer involvement of parents in the management of primary schools, special or otherwise, was of great interest and they now awaited the views of the I.N.T.O. The appointment of parents to sit on management committee will entail all parents of a school group getting together to select the representatives, which will mean more information to parents, concerning the costs, difficulties and anxieties of running a school. They might be able to help more and to understand teachers' and management problems. This type of involvement, in the past, might have advanced both sides, parents and professional, towards the provision of full and adequate services for the adolescent and adult, sooner. Referring to the social services for the handicapped, Dr. Stokes said there was still need for parents to achieve this through their local associations via the National Association. She advocated that they should press for the provision of holiday homes for parents and children together, for social clubs, for hostel accommodation, for a geriatric home and for more residential accommodation. She told delegates that if they wished for more, better, or future services that it was their responsibility to take an active, interested part in the activities of the individual member societies to which they belonged. Three members of the RUC Special Patrol Group were cleared at Armagh Court of beating up a 19-year-old Catholic factory worker after they had detained him for questioning by detectives as he left work earlier this year. Constables Arthur Miskelly (20), Oliver Weir (23) and Jackie Boyd (21), had denied assaulting Anthony James Quigley, Cailan St., Armagh, on May 1. As Quigley and a young woman companion left the courthouse after the hearing, both were taken into custody by uniformed police and driven in a Land-Rover to RUC Headquarters, Armagh, for interview in connection with other matters. In the witness-box, Quigley alleged that he was ill-treated in a police car and questioned as to what he knew about the Provisional IRA. He told of being driven to a quiet country lane and claimed that he was ordered out of the car and told to get down on his knees and pray. Quigley alleged that when he refused to kneel, two of the policemen started to punch and kick him. When he tried to get away, he was pushed into the hedge. Then he was put back into the car and driven to the barracks. He claimed that on the way there, he was slapped across the face and on getting out of the car, Constable Weir hit him in the face. DOCTOR'S EVIDENCE Dr. Stephen Garvin gave evidence of examining Quigley and finding a bruise on the scalp above the left ear. There was slight bleeding from a scratch on the lobe of his ear and from the lower lip. A slight swelling was visible over the left cheek bone and Quigley had scratches and bruises on the left thigh and right knee. All three police officers denied in the witness box that they had assaulted Quigley. Constable Miskelly said the youth was bundled into the car, but this was because of a previous escape from police, the fact that he was struggling and that an aggressive crowd was gathering. .Witness said he decided to return to the police station via Mullinure Lane because workers were getting out of two factories and it was not a healthy area for the police. At rush hour there were traffic jams in Railway Street which was another particularly bad area for the police. The constable admitted that there were no marks on Quigley when he got into the police car. He could not say where the youth had got the injuries. I know Quigley has no love for the police said the constable. He suggested, under cross-examination, that the youth would be prepared to take a hammering to get back at the R.U.C. Q) in CD CO I. m X -o m O -v r- m z o lt; CD 3 w CD o 53 PUBS TO CLOSE ON SUNDAY'S Dublin pubs may be closed on Sundays, and barmen threatened that their Sunday work ban could escalate to an all-out strike. The dry Sunday decision was taken at a meeting in the city of 1,500 barmen. They want a five-day, 40-hour, Monday-to-Saturday week with overtime on Sundays. The decision comes after months of negotiations between barmen and bosses. General Secretary of the barmen's union, the Irish National Union of Vintners, Grocers and Allied Trades Assistants, Mr. Michael Cleary, warned: If the Sunday ban does not work we will take full strike action. LABOUR COURT The barmen's claim for a Monday-to-Saturday week went to the Labour Court some time ago. But the Court suggested that the barmen go back to the discussion table with the bosses, the Licensed Vintners' Association. Mr. Cleary said yesterday that the discussions had fallen through. The barmen were offered pay rises in the supervisory and apprentice classes if they would agree to a system of part-time labour, he said. But nothing was agreed to on the question of a Monday-to-Saturday week. The offer was refused. The dry Sunday begins on November 17, and Mr. Cleary warned that pubs would not be allowed to open with non-union labour or with bosses pulling the pints. If it is necessary we will place pickets on pubs that attempt to use non-union labour. Our work stoppage on Sundays will mean a complete shut-down, he said. AREAS HIT He added that barmen would not refuse to work in any individual pubs which chose to give them what they wanted. Pubs throughout Dublin, and in the Bray, Wicklow and Dun Laoghaire areas, will be hit by the strike. Hospitals' Report Challenged Comhairle Na nOspideal report on the future development of general hospital services in the Cork city area was challenged when representatives of the management and staff of the Mercy Hospital, Cork, said that the reasoning behind the idea of a single hospital did not bear up under examination. A preliminary report by an independent architect on the future of the Mercy Hospital, which was presented at a press conference, contradicted the comhairle report that it was agreed on economic grounds and in terms of the quality and range of services which could be provided that a single (700-bed) 17,000 In Jail Because Of Drink Prisoners whose real problem is alcoholism should be sent to special rehabilitation centres, Britain's Helping Hand Organisation said in a report published recently. Over half of Britain's 35,000 prisoners are in jail either directly or indirectly because of a drinking problem, the organisation claims. Keeping them in prison at 40 a week is costing the country a staggering 38 million a year. When they leave, the 17,000 men involved still have the problem, and return to prison time and time again. The report, Alcoholism and Crime says this is a wasteful way of dealing with them. The current method of dealing with them is ineffective, the report says Some method other than prison must be devised. Rehabilitation centres of the type run by Helping Hand are cheaper than prison U28- 30 a week instead of 40 a week for prison), but they give the possibility of getting the man over his problems and keeping him out of trouble in *he future . Such ctntr.r :N)uid be encouraged, the report says. And it is critical of the failure to set up detoxification centres. The report quotes research dating from 1966 which showed that 56 per cent of ex-prisoners had a drink problem, and 89 per cent of these said that drink played a part in their last crime. A welter of statistics are quoted to show that in the past 20 years beer consumption has risen 42 per cent, wine 100 per cent, and spirits 116 per cent. Spirit and wine drinking have increased 23 per cent, and 28 per cent, especially in just the past two years. gt; The number of patients attending hospitals for alcoholism or alcoholic psychosis has risen by more than half in five years, and drinks convictions rose by a quarter between 1966 and 1972. There would now seem to be ' enough cumulative evidence of this link to question whether our treatment of alcoholics as criminals is the most humane or even the most productive. The cost of helping a man towards treatment and rehabilitation is far less than the cost of his frequent , stays in H.M. Prisons. Bronx-International Travel, Inc. -c* IRELAND and EUROPEAN TRIP SPECIALISTS Escorted Individual Tours f CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA. CRUISES HONEYMOON PACKAGES 364-3500 2559 Grand Concourse, Nr. Alexanders, Bronx PATGALLEN - PAT MARSH I BOOK IN EYE SHOULD BE E AND LIBRARY Last Words of the 1916 Leaders Prior to being executed by the British Our Games Annual 1975 by g.a.a. Provos Patriots or Terrorists Down Dublin Streets by: Eamonn MacThomais The First Dail Eireann by: Mario Comerford Tragedies Of Kerry by: Dorothy McArdle Robert Emmett's Speech from The Dock Money Order or Check mus't accompany order (Include 1.00 for postage) ORDER FROM: JOE CLARKE 33 O'DONOVAN ROAD SOUTH CIRCULAR ROAD DUBLIN 8, IRELAND Phone - 753-723 UQUHIIII 3.00 1.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 , 50* 25 lt;t hospital was the better solution. The architect's report said that in the light of present experience of large building projects, there appeared to be very strong grounds for doubting that large-scale projects do, in fact lead to an improvement in quality. 'There is increasing conviction among architects that there is no way that a satisfactory environment can be produced in these mammoth schemes. The individual cannot avoid feeling lost and helpless when confronted with a huge building complex. It must be accepted that much ultra-sophisticated equipment and facilities can be justified only in very large hospitals. These facilities are required for only a very small percentage of patients. It is considered that the Mercy Hospital can provide a useful.part of Cork's hospital services in both the interim and long term. Again referring to the comhairle report, the architect commented: We feel they should have been asked what role the hospital, in its present form, or suitably modified and/or extended, could play in the overall hospital services in Cork. The architect's conclusions are that the Mercy in its present form, or preferably extended or modified, could cater for at least 300 patients, reducing the size of the hospital needed on the' north side of the city to a more humane size. Drawings presented showed how the Mercy could be extended by over 80,000 square feet. RECITAL Continued from Page 9 by Mozart, Strauss, Debussy, and Ravel. In addition to the countless recordings Mr. DeVoll has made as tenor soloist with the acclaimed NEW YORK PRO MUSICA, he can be heard on Columbia in a performance of Berlioz' Requiem with the Rochester Oratorio Society. Tickets for the November 24 concert are now on sale at the Alice Tully Hall box office. Box seats are , 4.00; orchestra, balcony, and logue, 3.00. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: (212)799-7890 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d01a7003b --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + CL O LU CL c 2 E LU x o The Persecution Of Eamon McThomas Guerilla War News - o 2 By FRED BURNS O'BRIEN In the 1770's in the British colonies, the American press was dutifully suppressed by the British authorities for purporting to publish ideas on liberty, most of which were concocted in the mind of Englishman Thomas Paine, famous for his phamphlet COMMON SENSE, a virtue the British never possessed. It was the persistent American broadsides perpetuating the ideal of freedom that sustained the rebel army in the most trying times. In the bleakest hours of the fledging Republic, the populace could depend on the dissemination of the free word giving hope courage and bouying hampered spirits. Britain feared the power of the written and spoken word as they do in their colonies today, and this on a parrallel with rebel marksmen. An editor of a newspaper plays a most crucial role in a struggle for the realization of self-determination being the intermediary between military and civilian groupings, maintaining the inertia of both. Eamonn Mac Thomais, editor of AN PHOBLACHT, the newspaper of Provisional Sinn Fein in Ireland is a man analagous in role to Thomas Paine. Mr. Mac Thomais with limited resources and a limited staff faithfully produced and published the weekly periodical, reporting the events of the struggle for freedom in both portions of Ireland. Approximately two years ago, Mr. Mac Thomais was arrested by the Irish Special Branch and charged under the AMENDMENT TO THE OFFICERS AGAINST THE STATE ACT (1972) as belonging to an illegal organization. There is no legal means possible of disproving such charge should one wish to do so, when the state has prejudged guilt by the very fact of such suppressive legislation, the handiwork of an undemocratic nation and government. Upon his release, Mr. Mac Thomais resumed his duties as editor of AN PHOBLACHT and not be be deterred, he once again lashed out in editorials at the inequities in Ireland perpetuated in the North by Britain and in the Free State by the Cosgrave Administration. The truth of his statements and the growth of readership of his newspaper was a detriment to both governmental organs working as a team to terminate the Republican Movement and to keep Ireland partitioned. Much to the chagrin of London and Dublin, the Movement has grown, and at each turn of oppression more people are realizing that the Eamonn Mac Thomais's, the Daithi O'Connail's, the Maire Drumm's, and the Ruairi O'Bradaigh's are not only correct in their purusits, but the only faction telling the truth to the people. The truth is such a rare commodity that it shocks the conscience of an ordinary citizen upon realization that such a virtue still exists. Needless to say, Mr. Mac Thomais has been re-arrested on the exact same charge and given another identical 15 month jail term for belonging to an illegal organization by way of possession of incriminating documents. Simple justice has been rendered a severe blow by this incoherent action. Under English Common Law which the Dublin Government has adopted as its basis of law, there is such an entity known as Double Jeopardy. For those Dublin Ministers in ignorance, this means bluntly that one cannot be tried for the same offense twice. This is precisely what the Free State has done in the Mac Thomais case. The credibility of Dublin is suspect when it flaunts justice so selectively that it would intentionally perpetrate such an abrasion of legality in the realm of double jeopardy. The double arrest and double encarceration of Eamonn Mac Thomais is an abuse of legal process to say the least and an arbitrary utilization of justice for the political purpose of the state.This act of desperation emits an air of doom for a system fraught with such depredations to render it inept in the normal course of things that such extraordinary debauchery must be implemented to protect itself from the truth. 1 ( 11111111111111111111S B11B Q19 B B13161E11 U118111S111111BIE111 f E11IJ I MARY'S I TRAVEL AGENCY 1 43-02 30th AVENUE, ASTORIA, N.YORK 11103 1 AIR-SHIP-BUS TOURS 1 1 CAR RENTAL-HOTELS 1 S PHONE-212-726-7760 10 a.m. to 6 P.m. 212-335-0281 7P.M.T-- o m. The evening sun breaks through the smoke of burning vehicles as rioting broke out afresh on the Falls Road in Belfast. Across the road is a barricade of barrels from a hi-jacked beer lorry. BORDER GUN BATTLE A six-man Provisional-I.R.A. unit were involved in a gun battle with British troops manning a checkpoint along the Armagh-Monaghan border. A British Army spokesman claimed that one of the attackers was seen to fall but this claim was denied by the Provisionals. In a statement the Provisionals said that the attack on the British Army was carried out by the Provisionals' 2nd Battalion in North Armagh. The claim that a 'gunman' was hit was a complete fabrication by the British Army to' conceal the fact that they suffered at least one casualty during the exchange. U.D.R. PATROL UNDER FIRE IN FERMANAGH A four-man Ulster Defence Regiment foot patrol came under fire on the Gortineddan border between Derrylin and Ballyconnell. The men were on observation duty when they heard a noise about 100 yards away and fired an illumination flare. Two men, using automatic weapons, fired 60-70 rounds at them. The U.D.R. patrol returned the fire. No hits were claimed on either side. BUSES BURN AS SNIPERS OPEN FIRE IN DERRY Bus services to Shantallow were suspended after a bus was hijacked and burned near the estate. Three young men boarded it at Racecourse Road and after ordering the driver and passengers off, set fire to the bus. A crowd of about 50 people danced around the burning vehicle. At the same time an Army patrol came under sniper fire. SOLDIERS INJURED IN BOOBY TRAP EXPLOSION ' A five-man Army patrol was called to search an unoccupied house after an anonymous tip off that men had been seen entering the house the night before. The house was in the Meadowbrook Estate in Craigavon, Co. Armagh. Two of the soldiers were searching a cupboard in an upstairs room when a bomb went off injuring one of them severely about the face and legs. The second soldier escaped with minor injuries. LANDMINE ATTACK IN CROSSMAGLEN In Crossmaglen, Co. Armagh an Army foot patrol narrowly escaped injury when alandmine exploded on the Dundalk Road. The bomb contained about 20 lbs. of explosives and the Provisional I.R.A. in the area accepted responsibility. BLAST BOMBS, GUNFIRE AND HI-JACKING IN DERRY An Army foot patrol escaped unhurt when two blast bombs were thrown at them in the Creggan area. Twenty minutes later a number of shots were fired at another patrol nearby. Again no one was hurt. Civilians hijacked a bus and used it to block Buncrana Road at Racecourse Road junction. BOMB ATTACK AND SNIPER FIRE IN BELFAST A blast-bomb was thrown at Andersonstown poljr* -* ;p gt;n t*om outside the high perimeter fence. Twelve high-velocity shots were fired at troops from the junction of Dunmore Street-Clonard Street, an Army spokesman said. There were no casualties and the soldiers returned the fire. An incendiary was found in a store on the Ballysillan Road after a small fire caused slight damage. BRITISH ARMY BOMB MAIN RAIL LINE IN ERROR The Belfast-Dublin Enterprise rail service shuddered to an unscheduled stop when halted by an Army bomb boob. The military explosives operation which went slightly wrong started at about 3:00 p.m. on a narrow border road near Newry. The Army's tactical boffins reckoned that the road was being used for the illegal trafficking of arms. So they ordered it to be cratered. As the army detonated the explosives supervised by railway officials great chunks of border road rocketed up into the air - and plunged down on to the railway track. That put paid to North-South rail traffic on that particular stretch. CLE. in the South and Northern Ireland Railways in the North had o implement a bussing service linking their Dundalk and Portadown train terminals to get passengers up and down from Dublin. PROVISIONALS APOLOGISE TO LOYALIST INTERNEES AT LONG KESH The Ulster Defence Association has received a letter of apology from the Provisional I.R.A. commander in Long Kesh, Dave Morley, for inconvenience and suffering to U.D.A. men as a result of the recent fire in Long Kesh. Morley also makes it clear in the letter that the Provisionals are accepting full responsibility for the damage in the Camp and that they have made representations to the Northern Ireland Office In an attempt to exonerate UDA men from the destruction at the camp. I have informed them that your men were not responsible for the burning of any huts and so they should not be denied visits, and that every effort should be made to ease your conditions before the conditions of the Provos Morley says. CUSTOMS POST AND GARAGE BOMBED IN DERRY A bomb planted by three men, one of them armed with a pistol, destroyed a customs caravan at Buncrana Road. Staff had been ordered out and no one was hurt. About the same time three other men* one armed, left a bomb at the patrol pumps of McLaughlin's garage, also on the Buncrana Road. The bomb exploded about 20 minutes later causing superficial damage but a warning had been given and no one was injured. In Creggan, a group of about seven people tried.to grab a. rifle from a soldier who fired a shot to free himself. An Army spokesman said the incident occurred during a follow-up operation after a shot had been heard in the Central Drive area. BRITISH ARMY BARRACKS BOMBED Two soldiers were killed and many more seriously injured when a bomb exploded at the fringe of the 80 acre British Army Camp at Ballykinlar, Co. Down. A Ford Transit van, packed with explosives had been left parked across the road from where more than 100 off-duty soldiers were having a mid-morning tea-break. The vehicle had been hi-jacked by two armed men in the Andersonstown area of Belfast and it 'was learned that the driver had been warned not to inform the police. The Provisional I.R.A. at Castlewellan accepted responsibility for the blast. About 600 soldiers are based at Ballykinlar and the headquarters of the local Ulster Defence Regiment battalion are also there. Apart from one gunfire attack and two mortar bombs being aimed at it, the I.R.A. have kept away from the camp. The two soldiers who died were named as Private Michael Swanick(20) from Birkenhead and Lance Corporal Alan Coughlan (22) from Newport. CLASHES AT TROOPS OUT RALLY Trouble flared between police and demonstrators on October 27th at a London rally demanding British withdrawal from Northern Ireland. Arrests were made after scuffling broke out minutes after the 2,000 demonstrators reached Temple Green off Victoria Embankment following a three-mile march through Central London. Trouble began after one man was arrested. Within minutes punches were being thrown and running scuffles developed as police made further arrests. Brian Grogan, an organiser said: Prova-. cateurs -Special Branch men and right-wingers deliberately started scuffling in the crowd. The marchers were demanding the pull out of British troops together with self determination for the Irish people as a whole. Miss Joan Maynard, the Left Wing Labour M.P. for Sheffield Brightside, and three other delegates - including another Labour M.P. Mr. Stan Thome - handed a letter listing the demands into 10 Downing Street. Miss Maynard said: I am not asking for troops to be pulled out next week or next month but we must set a date and I think it should be sooner rather than later. Britain began the Irish problem but will never be able to solve it. Bainbridge Deli 2641 Bainbridge Ave. 236 f. HWb Sfrwt Muuul Stated * CATERING FOR BIL OCCASIONS PHOMfc FC 4-3432 Briggs Deli ill Deli 2346 G-nhill Road + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1cb7a0585 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Irish May Be Most Fed But They Are Not The Best Fed, Says Lecturer On Nutrition By DR. DAVID NOWLAN Government and the absentee landlords could never have come to fruition. Between 1785 and 1841 there was an unprecedented population explosion in Ireland. The population increased from three millions to over eight millions-an explosion that would have been impossible to sustain had the potato not been available at that time to feed the people. A vicious circle was started in which more potatoes were required to support more and more peopfe and more prolific varieties of potato were introduced. But these newer varieties were more susceptible to disease and consequently the stage was set for the potato famines. After the famines, the whole pattern of fertility changed again and by the 1880s agricultural reform had been effected and, said Dr. Doyle, the diet of the general population had greatly improved. But poverty was still widespread, especially in the cities. By 1914 26,000 families lived in 5,000 tenement houses in Dublin. Great strides had been made since the foundation of the State, said Dr. Doyle, and all could be justly proud of the improvement in general standards of living and in the reduction of poverty. But he warned against complacency: It is obvious to anybody who travels our towns and countryside that many families even today fall below the bare subsistence existence. Yet in 1974, he went on, no person or agency in the State is actually aware of our true nutritional status. Dr. Doyle urged a repetition of the magnificent and significant nutrition survey conducted by the Department of Health in 1948. That survey (which included very detailed and specific nutritional data) had shown that the total per capita calorie intake was 2,800 a day. More recent figures relseased by the O.E.C.D. and the World Health Organisation show that Ireland now has an average per capita calorie intake of 3,473 a day-one of the highest in the world. The Irish are probably still the world's largest consumers of potatoes: they consume 124 metric tons per thousand of the population, compared with, for instance, 98 per thousand in France, 83 in Denmark f mg mg and 14 in JaPan- And while the Irish vi GOli XJ consume almost double the milk products recorded for any other country, the consumption of fruit, fish and vegetable oils in Ireland is low. By contrast, the consumption of refined sugars is higher in Ireland than THE IRISH may be the most fed people in the world, but they are not the best fed. This was made clear in the Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, on Saturday night, when Dr. J. Stephen Doyle called for the development of a national nutrition policy. Dr. Doyle, a consultant in the Richmond Hospital, Dublin, was delivering his presidential address to the Biological Society of the R.C.S.I. and, in a comprehensive historical review of nutrition in Ireland, he managed to cast considerable doubts on the contribution made by the potato to this country's history. Prior to the introduction of the potato in the late 16th or early 17th century, the Irish, Dr. Doyle said, were very well fed on a most varied diet of cereals, fruits,vegetables, milk and milk products, meats and poultry. The main source of sweetening was honey, and from this came also the mead which was a prominent liquor. But more prevalent was ale, made from barley, and wine was imported from the Continent. The potato almost certainly came into Ireland by way of this European trade and not, as has traditionally been accepted, through its importation by Sir Walter Raleigh (who probably never met the common potato, although he may have brought sweet potatoes to Youghal from either Virginia or the Azores). Whatever its means of entry to the Irish agronomy, Dr. Doyle endorsed the view put forward by Dr. A. T. Lucas when he said that the introduction of the potato was an ethnographical disaster leading to a fearfully over-simplified existence for a very considerable fraction of the population with the consequent disappearance of many of the activities associated with older methods of food production and a quite abnormal truncation of many aspects of Irish rural life in the 18th and 19th centuries. As Dr. Doyle himslef put it: Without this root vegetable, Solanum tuberosum, the Machievellian activities of the London ?L F Challenge To The National A -jucion for Irish Freedom has this date sent the following letter to Hugh L. Carey, Governor-elect of the State of New York. elsewhere. 'These figures, said Dr. Doyle, indicate that there is a complete lack of a national nutrition policy at this time in our country. INCREASED OBESITY He argued that, in contrast with the 19th century, the Irish are now suffering from over-nutrition, which he defined as food intake exceeding calorie expenditure leading to increased obesity. As a result, and in common with other communities, the Irish are now suffering an epidemic of heart and blood vessel disease. 'The combination of this immediate problem with the closely associated problem of fibre-depleted diets is one which must be tackled and tackled urgently by our Department of Health, said Dr. Doyle. He proposed the urgent setting-up of a national nutrition council on which would be represented animal and human nutritionists, dieticians, doctors and both the producers and consumers of foodstuffs. Dr. Doyle noted that positive action had solved earlier medical problems: the establishment of fever hospitals had controlled the epidemic diseases of typhus and cholera, and more recently tuberculosis had been almost completely eradicated. We must now turn to the latest cause of epidemics in our midst and treat this problem as radically as previously, he said. He thought it unfortunate that there was a grave shortage of troops to fight this particular war only 22 full-time dieticians are employed by hospitals or local authorities, he pointed out. I would suggest that it is time that Irish lives were saved by enabling dieticians to educate our people, said Dr. Doyle, adding that a national nutrition policy would not only save lives but would also save money-by saving bed-days in Irish hospitals. He concluded: 'The next decade is critical in the nutritional status of the Irish and positive action must be taken by the Government to prevent further disasters. Now is the time to give example to our modern communities and change the Irish from being the greatest calorie consumers to being the best fed people in the world. SPECTACULAR ADVOCACY Dr. Doyle was followed by Mr. Denis Burkitt, the internationally-known Irish surgeon, who delivered what can only be described as a spectacular advocacy of the need to get more fibre into the average diet. Man, he said, might well eat a diet that was nutritionally adequate but his concern was with the non-nutritional element of that diet. Clark Defends Baltimore Four Former United States Attorney General Ramsey Clark has joined the Irish Lawyers Defense Committee and is expected to argue the case of the Baltimore Four in the Federal Court Baltimore on November 11,1974. The Four, Michale Larkin, Jim Conlon, Frank McMahon, and Harry Hillick were given six (6) years in the Federal Penitentiary on July 8, 1974, by Judge Edward Northrop, Jr. following their conviction for Violating the Gun Control Act of 1968. The circumstances surrounding the conviction indicated that U.S. Government Agents had apprehended a large shipment of arms believed bound to the I.R.A. in Northern Ireland. Since their incarceration, the four men have been subjected to unusually harsh treatment. They have been separated, kept in solitary confinement for long periods and assigned to maximum security prisons far removed from their families and friends. Jim Conlon, a native of Belfast, married and with four (4) small children has been sent to Leavenworth, Kansas, some 1,500 miles from his home in Queens. His family lacks the prohibitive financial resources needed to visit him there. Similarly, Frank McMahon, who is in Atlanta, Georgia, and Harry Hillick, who is in Terre Haute, Indiana, have been effectively deprived of their visitation rights by the long distances that separate them from their relatives. Mr. McMahon's only sister in the U.S. is a nun living in the outskirts of Philadelphia, while He attributed the increase in Western societies of a large number of diseases to the fact that Western diets were seriously deficient in fibre, and drew a correlation between the size and softness of the stool with the absence of such conditions as piles, hiatus hernia, gall-bladder disease, inflamation and cancer of the large bowel, appendicitis and increased serum cholesterol. Paradoxically, perhaps, the more fibrous the food the softer the stool. What goes in hard comes out soft, said Mr. Burkitt, and what goes in soft comes out hard. This might be why, in Africa, where the fibre content of the diet is high, the conditions listed were practically non-existent. More money was now spent in one year removing gall bladders from North Americans than on total health care in all of Africa, he said. Mr. Burkitt was followed by Dr. Brendan Hensey, secretary of the Continued on Page 17 Mr. Hillick's brothers and sisters live in Queens and Nassau Counties in New York. Michael Larkin, the only native U.S. bom of the Four, is in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania where he has been repeatedly questioned about his Irish Activities and where on at least one occasion he has been the subject1 of camera surveillance from the roof-top of an adjoining building in the prison complex. But the most distrubing feature of their confinement so far has. been their repeated visits from U.S. Government Treasury Agents. These agents, some of whom participated in their actual trial and sat at the prosecutors table, have visited some or all of the Four at different times in an effort to get them to discuss details of the incidents which led to their convictions. The men never received any notice in advance of their coming and have never been given an opportunity to have counsel present during the interview. In one instance, Jim Conlon had a visit from two agents who told him for the first time that he was to be deported to Belfast but, they indicated, they would prevent this, if he would only talk to the Attorney General. Two (2) days following their visit, he received a Notice of Commencement of Deportation proceedings to Belfast from the Department of Immigration and Naturalization. It has been surmised that both agencies are combining their functions to pressure Mr. Conlon to talkwith the Attorney General. The same two (2) agents who visited Mr. Conlon in Leavenworth also visited Mr. McMahon in Atlanta and in the past week, Mr. Hillick has likewise been informed of Deportation proceedings. All of the above have prompted the bringing of a motion for review of sentence before Judge Northrop on the ground that his function in determining punishment has been usurped by the punitive actions of Government Agencies, the Bureau of Prisons and the Attorney Generals Office who have, by these actions, enlarged upon the sentence of the Court. Mr. Clark has long been an Advocate of Federal Prison Reform and is no stranger to the Irish American scene. A Native of Texas, he gave repeated counsel to the attorneys for the Fort Worth Five during their fight for the release of the men from Tarrant County Jail and he was defense counsel along with Paul O'Dwyer on the Berrigan case in Pennsylvania. ? en x m 3 35 x -o m O r- m s CD 3 cr CD G gt; We congratulate you on your outstanding victory this past week. In view of your positions now as head of the Democratic Party in the second most populous state in the nation, as well as being an individual now being talked about openly as a possible national candidate in 1976, we urge that you have the question of Northern Ireland brought before the mid-term Democratic Party Convention in Kansas City this December. We would urge that the Democratic Party be put on record as supporting the full implementation of civil rights for the people in the North of Ireland, As the minimum steps in this direction, this would require that the Convention support the following demands as voiced by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association: Immediate end to internment Repeal, in total, of the Emergency Provisions Act The withdrawal of troops to barracks pending their complete withdrawal We would expect that these legitimate demands will gain the support of all people who believe in the cause of elementary justice. Statements of concern by individuals are no longer enough. It must be the stated policy of the Democratic Party to pursue these basic demands. WEB OFFSET uonQuord offset printers inc. One Evans Terminal Hillside, New Jersey 201-355-1100 Complete Composition, Paste-Up, Camera, Stripping and Platemaking facilities CIRCULARS MAGAZINES NEWSPAPERS CATALOGUES + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e073d95df --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CD LU -J O. O LU Ou X CO British Minister's Car Is Blasted A BRITISH Labour Minister's car exploded with his wife and son inside. The car- belonging to Sports Minister Mr. Denis Howell-was blasted in the driveway of his Moseley (Birmingham) home. Mr. Howell's wife and son, David (10), were badly shaken but otherwise unhurt. Mr. Howell said Apparently David and my wife were taking the car out of the drive to collect my daughter, who was with schoolfirends, when it exploded. Fears of a wave of bomb assassination attempts mounted and security was being stepped up as this was the third bomb in Birmingham in a week, the previous two having been found and dismantled. Mr. Howell, speaking on ITN's News at Ten, said his wife had used the car all day. She drove me to the station this morning and then did some shopping in it. I don't know what happened to the car but I gather the windows of the house and the neighbour's houses have been blown out. Asked if he had any idea why he had been chosen as a target, Mr. Howell said: I have no idea. One just uses one's imagination. I am like a lot of other innocent victims.' Next-door neighbour, Mrs. William Eard, said they ran out after the explosion. It was Mr. Howell's car. It was parked at the side of his house where there is a space and where he normally leaves it. By the time we got outside there was a small crowd of people and very shortly police arrived. Mrs. Howell was perfectly all right. Immigration Program On Cable TV John Collins, Chairman of the American Irish National Immigration Committee will appear on the Irish Freedom Show on Sunday, November 17th. Mr. Collins will explain the many problems facing Irishmen and women wishing to emmigrate to the United States since the passage of a restrictive immigration law in 1965. Other officers of the Immigration Committee appearing on the panel are Tom Feeney, Nassau County, Sean Kelly, Westchester County, and Eugene Byrne from New Jersey. The panel members will inform the viewers of the programs being initiated to correct the injustices of the present immigration law. The immigration problem is a problem that threatens all Irish-American organizations and in fact threatens the future existence of the Irish-American community and culture in the United States. The program also includes opinion from some local Irish-American neighborhoods. Pat Lyons, of the Hi-Spots Showband is interviewed at the Four Green Fields Pub in Woodside. Sean Dunphy, currently on a tour of the U.S., explains his views at Durty Nelly's Pub in the Kingsbridge section of the Bronx. The Inwood area is represented by Terry Connaughton, President of the Caelic Athletic Association, and Jim O'Sullivan of the Tara Irish Gift Shop. Entertainment on the program features performances by the Hi-Spots Showband and the Sean Dunphy All-Stars. The program can be seen in Manhattan on Cable TV, Channel D, from 5:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. on Sunday, November 17th. It will be repeated Uptown on Teleprompter Cable TV, Channel D, from 9 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. on Tuesday, November 19th. The programs are sponsored by the Washington Heights-lnwood Chapter of the Free Ireland Clubs. HOUSES DAMAGED Police said the blast had damaged houses nearby with many windows blown in. They refused to confirm whether or not it was a car bomb. There was no warning given as far as we know, said a police spokesman. Earlier in the day, Army bomb disposal experts dismantled a bomb attached under a car belonging to a Birmingham city magistrate, Col. IN CHICAGO IT'S O'NEILL'S LOUNGE 6100 North West Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60039 ENTERTAINMENT FRI. SAT. (312) ME 7-9888 Geoffrey Grey, in the garage of his home in Bristol Street, Edgbaston. It was a similar device to that found attached to the underside of a car belonging to magistrate, Mrs. Eunice Sard, of Wheeleys Road, Edgbaston, last Thursday when five sticks of gelignite were used. Mr. Howell was among Ministers at the traditional eve-of-Parliament party at 10 Downing Street when the car exploded. Provos Threaten Black Watch THREATS of retaliation against the 1st Battalion, the Black Watch, which completed a tour of duty in Andersontown, Belfast, last month, have been made by the Provisional I.R.A. The unit has moved to Colchester to rejoin families there. Strict security precautions have been put into effect at Colchester to guard against possible reprisal action. In a statement, the Provisional I.R.A.'s 1st Battalion in Andersonstown declared: We will not be forced into a stand-up confrontation with British troops. We will pick our own time and place. The Provisionals claimed that retaliatory action would be taken because the Black Watch had acted like animals and terrorised the people of Andersonstown. Whether the threat of reprisals is merely part of a continuing propaganda war or not, security officials at the British army's Northern Ireland headquarters at Lisburn said that it obviously could not be ignored. The attacks on the Paras at Aldershot in retaliation for Bloody Sunday, and last week's bomb at Ballykinlar, Co. Down, claimed by the South Down Provisional I.R.A. as a retaliation against the 1st Battalion, Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment, are sufficient precedent to arouse concern. All units leaving Northern Ireland are warned to watch for possible action by the I.R.A. in England.This warning will be repeated to members of the Black Watch. Officially, the army were saying little.'They confined their comments to a brief statement which said: 'Threats such as these are nothing new from the Provisional I.R.A. Security sources disclosed the contents of a hand-written letter caught in transit between Dave Morely, said to be Officer Commanding the Provisional I.R.A.'s 4th Battalion in the Prison, and Brendan Darkie Hughes, former Belfast Brigade leader, now in Crumlin Road Jail. lt; UNITED EFFORT The letter was intercepted on Saturday when a prisoner being moved to Crumlin Road was spotted trying to slip it under the daor of Hughes's cell. In it, Morley congratulated the prisoners in Crumlin Road Jail on their riots the day after Republican prisoners burnt more than half the camp down. It said: This united effort in the prisons in the North has illustrated the determination of I.R.A. volunteers never to bow the knee to the enemy, even when captured and greatly outnumbered. Morley goes on to say that things are improving in Long Kesh and that morale is high. Most of those who received cuts and bruises had recovered, and those in hospital were expected back in the next week or so. A statement smuggled out from sentenced Republican prisoners in Long Kesh said they were not interested in meeting a three-man delegation from the S.D.L.P. due to visit the jail tomorrow. 9 * ********* ** NEWS FROM CHIGAGO* By John A. Lonergan This weekend we have received a whole lot of HELP in selling OUR PAPER. IT IS YOUR PAPER. IT is printed every week and sent all around the world so that the TRUE STORY about the happenings over in the HOMELAND might be told. IT IS THE STORY of OUR brave people who refuse to bend the knee to Britain. OUR PEOPLE over there are suffering indescribable oppressions from a ruthless and sadistic invader. This week we received HELP from REAL DEDICATED SONS and DAUGHTERS of IRELAND. The work of EMMET and KAY O'Duignan as well as Mike Farley was outstanding. We are receiving more HELP all the time and OUR circulation is increasing as well as OUR advertising. To the above mentioned people and also Frank Costello, Stanley P. O'Sullivan, Brian Mitchell...Daniel O'Rourke, we wish to say THANK YOU on behalf of IRELAND. YOU have thru your dedication given HER just reason to feel proud of YOU. To OUR Radio announcers we also owe a vote of THANKS. Some of them have really gone out of their way to announce OUR PAPER. Pat Roche in particular has very consistently every week urged his listeners to read and buy and subscribe to the PAPER. We are very grateful and also to the many other RADIO ANNOUNCERS. I met up with MISS UNITY last Sunday Night over in the A.O.H. Hall. She is a lovely young Girl only 19 years of age, 5'-7 Tall and has what it takes including a lovely pair of Blue Eyes. She is MAUREEN O'Donnell and her Mother bore the fine name of Quinn before marriage. How I love to meet up with the Children of so many of my FRIENDS. GOD is so good to me and HE has certainly Blessed my . Friends with such Lovely and GOOD CHI LDREN. I really am at a loss for words and unable to express my THANKS and the THANKS of Mrs. Lonergan to ever so many of YOU who showed us such consideration this past week. Believe YOU, it has not been always easy -jl' in the cold, rain, wind, and so forth in the selling of OUR PAPER. YOU WERE ALL SO NICE THIS PAST WEEKEND. WE sold so many PAPERS-YOUR PAPER. PLEASE GOD, BLESS THESE FINE PEOPLE. We must all of us be sincere with one another and also honest enough with one another to recognize the worth and effort put into OUR HOLY CAUSE not only by OURSELVES but by OUR fellow Irishman or lrishwoman...WE must end this severe criticism of one anothers efforts because their ideas were not ours or did not eminate from OUR mind...We are all in this together and must cooperate with one another in and for our holy cause... If we meet (and we should) and deliberate and evaluate one anothers ideas then we should UNITE and go thru with the IDEA decided on...WE ARE NOT ALL CHIEFS...WE are all Mother Irelands Children and SHE is depending on all of us...We must be tolerant of one another PLEASE TRY IT 0UT...A CHAIN IS AS STRONG AS ITS WEAKEST LINK...WE ALL KNOW THIS...In OUR case (I think you will agree) ALL OF OUR LINKS ARE NOT TOGETHER ...YOU should J remember that there are millions of IRISH who have never seen the GREEN or EMERALD ISLE...IN their hearts they love YOU who were born in IRELAND... YOU are their inspiration and of their *W blood...TOGETHER ...NO ONE CAN BEAT US...PLEASE do not allow anyone to dissipate our strength to such an extent as to render -J , us ineffective...JESUS CHRIST was bom in a stable, this fact did not make HIM a horse...The place or Country of YOUR BIRTH does not -J* necessarily make YOU or I an IRISHMAN or a Frenchman or What have you...PLEASE let us all join together and UNITE...OVER in the J HOMELAND we have a RUTHLESS AGGRESSOR who is Oppressing OUR PEOPLE... OUR KIN...KIN FOLKS of OUR BL00D...REMEMBER it was CHRIST WHO SAID... WHAT SO Jl EVER YOU DO TO THESE YOU DO UNTO ME ...WHAT SAY YOU. iJlllllllllllllllllBllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIISIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlf The Land and People of I IRELAND by Elinor O'Brien * * * * * * * * * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 THE FOXES DEN BAR GRILL BEER WINES LIQUOR CATERING 3344 Fort Independence St., Bronx, N.Y. 549-9721 'Relax And Enjoy OurWarm,Friendly Atmosphere' BRENDAN STACK. PROPRIETOR CROSSROADS TRAVEL INC. 2482 Jtronit Avenue, Bronx, lew York 10484 AT FORDHAM ROAD Airlines And Steamship Reservations 212-SE-3-2400 212-SE-3-2401 Kerrish And Halpin Associates * * * * fr fr fr ***** ; The story of Ireland from St. Patrick and the Irish Missionaries 2 who brought light to Europe during the Dark Ages, to the modern Ireland of today with its civil and religious.strife. The history, 5 geography, and culture of the Emerald Isle complete with map and photogrpahs. Exceptionally good reading and a must for 2 your reference library. In beautiful Kelly-Green binding . . . makes Z an ideal Christmas gift. IRELAND 5 Send check P.O. Box 829 E 2 or money order Levittown, Pa. E E for 4.95 to 19058 TiiiiiimniniimiiiiiiiminimmmiiniiiiiiiinnniiiiiiiB IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE ... Is the name of the well * ORGANIZED ORGANIZATION over in IRELAND with also hundreds of UNITS here in the UNITED STATES that is collecting-JB. money and for the relief of OUR OPPRESSED PEOPLE in IRELAND...YOUR DONATION is recorded and YOU will receive a g receipt...WE HERE in Chicago have RECEIPTS from New York and IRELAND and QUR cancelled Check for all HELP sent to OUR and YOUR PEOPLE... YOU HAVE MY WORD FOR THAT...PLEACE J? REMEMBER YOUR PEOPLE... 312-WA-5-8896 E t South Side Unit J1 m 6953 So.Damen Ave. Chicaqo, III. 60636 1******* ***** 2708 SEDGWICK AVE. (COR. KINGSBRIDGE. ROAD) BRONX WEDNESDAY. AND THURSDAY. THE BARDS FRIDAY DERMIE MACK AND THE CAVERN SATURDAY JUST 3 sunday JOE NELLANY AND THE SLIGO ACI TUESDAY DERMIE AND FRANK McKENNA Props: John Byrne and Dan Ryan Phone: 549-9895 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5bc11f5ba --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +What Price An 'Invisible' Barrier The Dail was amazed to learn that the cost of installing the new electrically-operated barriers at the two entrances to Leinster House was 19,500 pounds of which 15,000 pounds went to the firm which supplied and installed the barriers, and the balance was spent on buildings and work to prepare the site. The information came in a written reply to Major Vivion de Valera who asked for the cost of providing the old pole barriers and the new ones. Mr. Ryan, Minister'for Finance, told him the pole barriers were supplied and installed at a total cost of 900 pounds. And the nrice of eating in the restaurants at Leinster House has risen dramatically this week. Increases range from 20 to 50 per cent. Critical Lack Of Engineers Waterford Badly Hit THE RELUCTANCE of young engineers to enter the public sector is causing major problems for local authorities throughout the country, who are finding themselves faced with an acute shortage of qualified civil engineering staff. The difficulties are particularly appar k in Waterford, where the coui.ty manager, Mr. C. O'Connor and the acting city manager, Mr. T. chael Doody, have prepared a record estimate for development schemes, totaling over 51/a million pounds. Many major works, however, have been held up because of the failure to recruit a sufficient number of engineers for the staff in both the city and county. Newly qualified engineers have 3 Die In Accidents Girls Seriously Injured A MAN WHOSE wife and two daughters died in the 1968 Aer Lingus Viscount crash off the Wexford coast was killed early on Saturday morning when his car was in collision with a CLE. bulk cement carrier near Perry Bridge, Clonlara, about four miles from Limerick City. He was one of three people killed in road accidents over the weekend. He was Mr. Ignatius Gallivan, aged about 45, of Raheen Heights, who was employed at the new Wyeth (Ireland) Limited factory, Askeaton, Co. Limerick. He is survived by his second wife, three sons, his mother, brother and sisters. In another accident Mr. David Hartigan, aged about 46 years, of Croom, Co. Limerick, was dead on admission to the Regional Hospital, Limerick, after being struck by a car while walking on the main road near his home over the weekend. The man who was killed in a two-car collision on the Derry-Limavaddy road at Eglintoh on Friday night has been named as Mr. Joseph McKinney, aged 48, of Hunger Strike Protest Continued from Page 4 Brandywell district but no one was hit. Widespread rioting and hijacking of vehicles took place in Dungannon during which two buses and a number of cars were set on fire. Troops and police who were to the scene in an attempt to clear the blocked approach roads to the town came under fire and were forced to retreat. In Coalisland over 5,000 people accompanied the remains of Hugh Coney when they arrived'from the mortuary at Lagan Bank, Belfast. A volley of shots were fired over the hearse by men wearing paramilitary uniforms and no troops or police were.visible in the area. the circumstances of the fatal shooting of 24-year-old Mr. Coney would be investigated by the RUC and the British army's special investigation branch, the Secretary for State, Mr. Rees, told the British House of Commons yesterday. The escape tunnel had only been recently dug, it is believed, when it was decided to take advantage of the disruption of normal procedures at the camp following the recent burnings. Using spoons and other crude tools, the men in Cage 5, known as the Mole Hill because of previous tunnelings, began to excavate and went five feet down and 65 yards across until they were just outside the final perimeter fence. Film issued by the Northern Ireland Office showed compound five, with a hole 18 inches in diameter in the floor of the hut and it was through this hole that the 30 or so men made their attempt for freedom. Soil brought out of the tunnel was not noticed because it was scattered Gortgar Cottages, Greysteel, Co. Derry. His five-year-old daughter, Catherine Anne, who was seriously injured, was reported to be showing continuing improvement. She is in Altnagelvin Hospital, Derry. Mrs. Mary O'Hare, of 56 Hillcrest East, Lucan, Co. Dublin, was injured yesterday afternoon when her car overturned at Cooladangan Bridge near Arklow, Co. Wicklow. She was taken to St. Columcille's Hospital, in Loughlinstown, where she was said to be in a comfortable condition. Gardai in Dublin were still investigating the accident at Milltown Road early yesterday morning when a white Jaguar car went out of control, struck three oncoming cars, and eventually ended up in the Dodder river. When gardai arrived on the scene there was nobody in the car and its engine was still ticking over as it lay partially submerged in the water. Gardai think that the car may have been stolen and the occupant ran away after the crash. None of the people in the three cars it hit were injured. among the blaze debris. A spokesman at the Northern Ireland office said it was not known when the tunnel had been.started, although republican sources in the city seem to believe it began shortly after the fire. When the detainees started their break-out the area around the camp was shrouded in thick mist and visibility was reduced to about 300 yards. The men went under three fences and came up just outside the blast fence. It was then according to British Army statements that they were discovered by a routine Army patrol . Most of the men were quickly rounded up but some others, who had split into small groups, had already passed through tangles of barbed wire further on. One of these groups passed a new army watch tower close to the M1 motorway and at this point the army says, they were challenged, failed to stop, and two shots were fired killing Cooney. The British army said that it appeared some of the men were armed. But a spokesman at the Northern Ireland Office said that no weapons were recovered in subsequent follow-up searches. Disturbance broke out in republican compounds shortly after the escape and republican detainees tried to stage a breakout through the main gates. The British army was called in by the Governor and rubber bullets and CS. gas were used to quell the rioting. Seventy members of Provisional Sinn Fein staged a torchlight protest march through the centre of Dublin. They were led by four men carrying a mock coffin shoulder-high and marchers carried banners calling for an end to internment and comparing Long Kesh with Coldftz and Belsen. been drifting to the private sectors where incentives seem to be much greater. And the president of the Institution of Engineers of Ireland, Mr. Finbarr Callanan, warned last night that the trend would continue unless the local authorities and the public service urgently up-dated their old administrative structures. INDUSTRY Mr. Callanan, whose organization represents 2,500 of the 3,500 engineers in the country, said last night that about 250 engineers per year were graduating for our universities. Ireland is advancing industrially at a great rate, but we still have the smallest number of engineers per 1,000 of population of -all the developed countries of the world, he said. The majority of our engineers are employed the public sector- something which is not the case in more highly industrialised countries. But the trend is changing and engineers find a lack of fulfillment now in the public service, where they feel they have been tied to old administrative structures geared to an ongoing, rather than a forward-looking structure, Mr. Callanan said. The Institution, he said, had submitted proposals of various kinds to the Department of Local Government and two reports-the Donovan Report and the Clerkin Report-on the restructuring of local authorities had also been submitted. No action has been taken, Mr. Callanan added. With the increasing industrialisation, he said, young engineers were very reluctant to go into local authority structures, where there was limited advancement, when they could go into the private sector where they had a better future. There is a big number of vacancies in local authorities at the moment, said Mr. Callanan. Twenty years ago, a local authority position was a very prized one, indeed, but not any more. Mr. Callanan said Waterford's problem was not by any means peculiar. His organization had had reports of a similar position in various parts of the country, including Dublin. We have heard of these problems from all over-and I am sure the Minister, Mr. Tully, is hearing them regularly, too, he said. Commenting on the increased estimates for the 1975 financial year for Waterford City and county, acting city manager Mr. Doody said that a serious aspect of the entire development programmes was the critical shortage of engineering staff. This continued to impede progress in many services and unless the staffing position improved it would be difficult to fulfil the entire programme. Mr. Doody said that with a total budget for 1975 in excess of 5.3 million pounds it was imperative that this staffing problem should continue to receive close attention and it was a matter which the Department of Local Government should consider very seriously. The Waterford Co. Manager, Mr. O'Connor, said the County Council was equally concerned about the situation and both he and Mr. Doody had advertised extensively over the past six months to recruit civil engineers but the response so far has been most unsatisfactory. No improvement in this respect was expected until conditions and incentives had been made more attractive for engineers in the public sectors, Mr. O'Connor added. Gl Insurance P l ies BRONX, N.Y. - Many veterans allow their Gl insurance policies to lapse because of neglect rather than intent, according to Frank V. Votto, Director, New York State Division of Veterans' Affairs. A number of them, he said, develop the habit of riding the grace period for premium payments. Then, NUTRITION Continued from Page 15 Department of Health, who brought some cool Civil Service caution to Dr. Doyle's advocacy of a national nutrition council. It would be very difficult, he said, for the Department of Health to undertake an education or publicity programme in respect of nutrition. For one thing it was difficult to convince people to eat things other than what they liked to eat. For another, there would have to be one education policy for the rich and another for the poor. Further, the Department might find itself in conflict with many other national interests like Bord Bainneor the Pigs and Bacon Commission. And finally, Dr. Hensey suggested, it would be difficult to advocate a particular nutritional policy when the doctors themselves were frequently in a state of disagreement on just what nutrition was best. He wondered if it might not be more realistic for the Department of Health to aim at trying to change the whole way of life (by, for instance, encouraging people to take more exercise) rather than concentrating soley on nutrition. This was the sort of question, he added, which the proposed health education bureau would be asked to look into. Other speakers on Saturday night were Dr. Harry O'Flanagan, registrar of the College of Surgeons, who spoke on progress in the building of the new college in York Street, and Dr. A. H. G. Love, professor of experimental medicine in Queen's , University, .Belfast they forget to mail their payment before the deadline, unknowingly allowing their policies to lapse. This lapse often occurs, the Director noted, just when a veteran's family needs adequate insurance protection. Director Votto urged area veterans, hooked on this habit, to overcome it by bringing premium payments up to date and by making future payments before the grace period. He also reminded veterans to include their mailing address and insurance policy number with all correspondence concerning their government insurance. This, he said, will insure prompt and proper attention to their inquiries. The Director invited veterans seeking information on the various Gl insurance programs to visit the local counseling center of the New York State Division of Veterans' Affairs located at 310 E. Kingsbridge Road or 1910 Monterey Ave. or call 584-3274,731-8070. Thanksgiving Eve Benefit For Legal Aid BRONX, N.Y.-ln Baltimore, Maryland, on July 8, 1974, four men accused of transporting guns from Maryland to New York and intended for the North of Ireland were sentenced to prison terms of six years each despite pleas that they had committed no crime against the United States. The four men have since been referred to as the Baltimore Four. The four are James Conlon, resident of Queens, N.Y.; Kiernan F. McMahon, resident of Silver Springs, Maryland; Harry1 Hillik, resident of Washington, D.C; ' and Francis M. Larkin, resident of Riverdale, Maryland. During the trial, Defense Attorney Frank Durkin of the firm of O'Dwyer Bernstein told U.S. District Judge Edward S. Northrop that 'Their brothers and sisters are dying and they felt they should respond to a cry for help. Indeed, Mr. Conlon had given expression to the motivations of the four men when he declared during the trial that Someone has to help our people. At the trial Judge Northrop said that I find it difficult to sentence you men, because although you have violated the law, you are not criminals in the true sense. However, since sentencing the four men have received unusually harsh and punitive treatment. They were first kept in solitary confinement, then sent to four separate maximum security prisons in various parts of the country, and their right to attend Mass was suspended for a time. Great hardship is placed on the families of the men in that their efforts to exercise their right to visit the men in prison are very much thwarted due to traveling expense. In the case of Mr. Conlon, who resides in Queens, N.Y. and is confined to prison in Leavenworth, Kansas, his wife and four children certainly cannot look forward to exercising their visiting rights. Additional and very alarming harassment has been meted out to Mr. Conlon and Mr. Hillik. They have been put under threat of deportation if they do not cooperate with government agents who have visited them in prison. An appeal on behalf of these men will be made in mid-November. In the hope of defraying some of the costs of legal defense and to make it possible for the men to be visited by their families, Bronx Division of the Irish-American Legal.Aid Fund will hold a dance on Thanksgiving Eve, November 27th, at Gaelic Park Casino. Honoary chairmen of the dance are Michael Gorman and Phil Brennan, the Chairman is Jim O'Gara. Music at the dance will be donated by the Hibernians. Admission to the dance is 5.00 per person. For tickets and information please call 367-7128 or 242-1765. On this Thanksgiving Eve, please come and show your support of those who are giving so much for Freedom. ? CO O H X m O) WOOLSIDi Featuring SIZZLING STEAK DINNERS and A Complete Menu MUSIC FRI., SAT. and SUN. Open 7 Days A Week. STEAKIKMJSE 'THE PLACE TO EAT IN QUEENS 61st Street and Roosevelt Avenue, Woodside OPEN FOR LUNCH AND DINNER 429-9354 PROPRIETOR JOE CORNYN MUSIC AND ENTERTAINMENT THURSDAY-FRIDAY SATURDAY AND SUNDAY + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9cebc5e91 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CO en Hi -J Cu o LU CL X CO Dubli In S T LU X H o t CO JQ E gt; O Z Dublin 1-11 Tipperary 1-11 Tipperary have, on occasion, inexplicably run-out of steam in the second half of many important fixtures, but whatever the reason for their fade out in the second period of the National League Division l tie against Dublin at Croke Park, the wind cannot be their alibi for they were favoured by this element during the closing 30 minutes. The few Dublin supporters who opted against the journey to Killarney would prefer to see it in the light of a fine spirited rally by their favourites, and this viewpoint would be justified, for when the Dubliners found their rhythm after numerous changes in the second half they were most convincing. Tipperary had enjoyed a five points' lead with wind advantage to come at the interval, but it was they who were fighting for the equaliser as time ran out. The Dublin changes, both positional and in personnel, played a vital part in the side's comeback against all the odds. No sooner was Convention Continued from Page 2 Rochester, New York, was selected as the site of the 1975 convention which will be held October 23, 24, 25. The following resolutions were passed: The 79th Annual Convention of the Knights of Equity, a national Irish Catholic organization, met at the Buffalo Statler Hilton Hotel and adopted resolutions demanding that British troops be removed from Northern Ireland and that they be replaced with United Nations forces to restore peace and order. The body wants all of Ireland united as one nation and its future government determined by a vote of all the people, both north and south. The Knights condemned the suspension of civil rights, and imprisonment without trial, existing today under English rule. The decision of the United States Supreme Court allowing abortion on demand was also condemned as murder of the unborn. It was resolved to join Right to Life groups which are seeking a Constitutional Amendment to reverse the Supreme Court decision. Efforts to secure government aid to non-public schools are to be continued as the failure to secure aid will result in the closing of many private schools and deny to parents their basic right to determine the education of their children. Closing of non-public schools is seen as resulting in a monopoly of education by State and Federal government and contrary to the history of education in America allowing parents freedom of choice in education. ipperary gt;ing Draw Tom Grealish switched from midfield to left corner forward than he was chasing a ball sent through by Pat Quigley to hammer home their vital goal 12 minutes into the second half. It was perhaps the one occasion on which the strong Tipperary defence was completely outwitted. Eugene Davey's inclusion for the second half to replace Mick Q'Hanlon was also highly effective and he was quick to justify the move when scoring with his first shot a couple of minutes into the second half. Then there was the change which brought Vinnie Holden to the left flank of attack mid-way through the second half, with Mossy Walsh coming in at right half back and Mick Bermingham going off. The Dublin tails were up in earnest once Grealish ran through for that goal and Vinnie Holden had a point almost immediately to leave only 3 points between them. Cunningham, the tried and tested Dublin goalkeeper, then served notice that he was not going to be beaten for a second goal, when saving brilliantly from Paul Byrne and when play swung to the other end it was Grealish popping up again to hit another Dublin point 1-10 to 1-8. Pat Quigley began to raise his game and the Tipperary midfield pairing of Seamus Hogan and Jim Kehoe had already lost much of its first-half glitter. Noel O'Dwyer, however, met his now overburdened task well at centre half-back, but Dublin were shaping as likely winners and a palmed point by Vinnie Holden followed up by a great left-handed point from Davey had the home side in front for the first time with fewer than four minutes remaining. It was Tipperary mid-fielder Hogan, who salvaged a point a minute later. Too many of the Tipperary attack were off-colour, John Flanagan especially, who for once did not get among the scorers, Francis Loughnane, though, was effective as ever, although three of his six points came off frees. The Tipperary defence was for so long the strongest sector of the side with Jim Keogh, Jack Bergin, Noel O'Dwyer and Tadgh O'Connor up to his retiral doing best. It was, perhaps, an indication of what was to follow when Dublin clipped over the best three points of the first half, one a great effort by centre-back Peadar Carton from 90 yards. Cunningham inspired confidence in the Dublin defence, which also had heroes in Kevin Drumgoole, Peadar Carton, Tom Quinn and versatile Vinnie Holden, Harry Dalton and Pat Quigley constituted Dublin's most successful mid-field pairing, while Grealish gained most credit marks along with Davey as attackers. It all left Tipperary with a strange League record-three draws so far from four matches. Cv T OH TOCK 8Y OTTOT. BERNS TRIP EXCURSION TO IRELAND Synnott Travel Bureau Inf. 415 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 (BETWEEN 43rd 44th STREETS) MU 7-3783-4 and MU 7-4704-5 ar son De agus lire OLD HOMisf-AD BAR 2465 7i*Uveri4*t lt;t Ave. o BRONX, NEW YORK 0 We're in the stretch. Yep, that seemingly endless past performance line is heading for the home lane. Preceding articles have dealt with most of that informative and sometimes frustrating story of a race in a line but the rest of it should be a cinch. The last article was devoted to the calls the position of the horse at various pre-determined stages of the race: where he was in relation to the leader, so you could see for yourself whether he was showing early speed, running what is termed an even race (in the middle of the pack, probably, getting nowhere in particular) or coming from behind. Needless to say, he didn't get anywhere by himself. There was a jockey on his back. And the name of the jockeys is the next thing you will see in the past performance line. It could be Cordero A Jr or Valenzuela J or any one of the dozens of riders who ply their trade at major tracks like Aqueduct. Belmont Park or Saratoga. You'll rarely see a boy (or girl) from the sticks on a mount in New York because the competition is too keen. Incidentally, the rider's last name always precedes his initial in the p.p's. Some jockeys, obviously, are better than others. And the better ones win most of the races, and most of the cash and glory that is their reward. The rider who gets a horse in the money gets 10 per cent of the pot. Frequently that amounts to quite a bit of cabbage. For example, when Big Spruce captured the long end of the purse in the 250,000 Marlboro Cup at Belmont his owner's share of the prize was 150,000. Mike Hole, who rode Big Spruce, received 15,000 for his less than two minutes work. Not bad, but remember that Mike, like most jockeys, had to come up the hard way. Had to learn his trade, gain the confidence of owners and trainers, before he was given the opportunity to shoot at the big money. What is the hard way? A rider may begin as a groom, a hot walker (cooling off horses after a workout or a race), or as an exercise boy. It is easy to determine the ridirig beginners in the p.p. line because they may have a small numeral-5, 7, or 10 following their names (Long JS7). These figures represent weight allowances and the boys (or girls) with allowances are called apprentices. Before the figures were used the novices were called bug boys not because they didn't bathe or take showers, but because the allowances were indicated by asterisks (*) instead of numerals. A bug boy had a five-pound allowance; a double bug boy had a seven-pound allowance; a triple bug boy had a 10-pound allowance. The allowances give newcomers an opportunity to compete with more experienced riders; get them mounts they would never receive if they had to compete on even-terms with jockeys who have been through the mill. The rider gets a 10-pound allowance until he has ridden 5 winners and 7 pounds until he has ridden an additional 30 winners from the date of riding his fifth winner. If he has ridden 35 winners prior to the end of one year from the date of riding his fifth winner, he continues to receive that 5-pound allowance until the end of that year. There are also 3-pound allowances and they are granted riders who, after completing their apprenticeships, are astride horses owned or trained by their original contract employers if their contracts have not been permanently transferred or sold since they rode their first winner. That's a reward for the owner or trainer who develops a rider and keeps him under contract. The contract-holder retains this advantage for one year. Loyalty pays sometimes. In studying the past performances you will note that horses run better for some riders than they do for others. Let's say a horse hasn't won any of his last six races. However, seven races back when he won, he was ridden by Jockey Zilch. Today he has Zilch in the saddle again. It could mean something. Give the shift your undivided attention A clue that may mean money. We'll continue the series next week. Wexford Slash Limerick Wexford 2-12 Limerick 0-4 Wexford were impressive winners of the National Hurling League tie against Limerick at Wexford Park which was dictated by the gale-force wind. The home side were totally dominant for three-quarters of the game and their margin of victory was a decisive 14 points. A strong defence, in which Mick Jacob, Teddy O'Connor and Willie Murphy were outstanding, tied down the Limerick attack, who when assisted by the strong wind in the opening period shot the amazing total of 16 wides. Limerick had nine of those wides- in the opening eleven minutes and for that period of pressure they had only three points to show. Wexford then got gradually on top and only trailed 0-4 to 0-2 at the interval. There was no change in the trend on the resumption and once Tony Doran put Wexford in front with a goal inside thirty seconds the game was over. They benefitted from a winning service at mid-field from Colm Doran and Martin Casey and when they eventually relaxed ten minutes from the end their second goal from John Murphy gave them a lead of 2-9 to 0-4. Soccer Results Bohemians 1 Waterford 0 Cork Celtic 2 Shamrock Rvs. 2 St.Pats Ath. 0 Cork Hibs 0 Limerick 1 Sligo Rvs. 0 Finn Harps 2 Dundalk 2 Drogheda 2 Home Farm 1 Shelbourne 0 Athlone Town 1 Rwtgj y Result New Zealand 14 Munster' 4 ops Betray Their People Continued from Page 2 security forces both in this State and in the North . Dr. Buchanan continued: police and troops are only a minority of the population and in their uniform they are marked men. The very least we can do is stand behind them . He called on young members of his Church to join these security forces . I would be happy to see more of our young regard service in the forces as a vocation . This upper-class bishop showed his disdain for the ordinary people by mocking the dialectical speech of the poor. 'Traditionally , he said, we are again the Government Kilkenny Shaping Like League Champions Kilkenny 0-18 Waterford 0-7 Never mind the scoreline. This was a greatly improved Waterford team that brought out the best in Kilkenny at Nowlan Park, Kilkenny, and provided a most interesting and entertaining game with hurling of a high standard Indeed, at the interval after Kilkenny had played with the strong wind, their lead of 0-11 to 0-6 looked precarious enough, but they came out a new team. Gone was the seeming lethargy and they soon realised that they had a struggle on their hands. The whole team rose to the occasion, and employing superb team-work after sharing a point each with the visitors in the first five minutes, had some magnificently worked points to remove any danger of a surprise, while the defence, with Noel Skehan bringing off some tremendous saves, completely nullified the best efforts of the Waterford forwards. Waterford had a point from a penalty in the first half, but two penalties in the second half were blocked and cleared in the Kilkenny goal, while a number of 70s also proved unavailing, so tight knit and sound did the defence become. Kilkenny opened with three points before Waterford had their first point. After 15 minutes, only a point divided thern at five points to four in favour for the home team, but in the second quarter, Kilkenny added six points to Waterford's two. Early in the second half, Kilkenny took command, but their scores were the result of really brilliant combination rather than any weakness appearing in the Waterford defence. For the winners, Phil Larkin, Nicky Orr, Jim Treacy and Pat Henderson were outstanding in defence. Frank Cummins and Liam O'Brien stepped up their game in the second-half at centrefield and when the forwards clicked, they gave a delightful exhibition with Under-21 hurler Ger Fennelly, who took over for Billy Fitzpatrick, fitting in nicely with the experienced Eddie Keher, Ciaran Purcell, Pat Delaney and Mick Brennan. Waterford was well served in defence by Patsy Flynn in goal, Paddy Coady, John Greene and Pat McGrath. John Galvin gave a useful service at midfield, and in attack Mossie Whelan, John Kirwan and Martin G eary were the most prominent. SCORERS-Kilkenny; E. Kehir (0-8), M. Brennan (0-4), P. Delaney (0-3), G. Fennelly, M. Crotty, K. Purcell (0-1 each). Waterford: J. Kirwan (0-4), M. Ormonde (0-2), M. Walsh (0-1). ,r n ' Hf P f BAR LIQUOR W U STORE *** 246 LONG AVE. HILLSIDE, NJ. rtQ 7 07205 u * 201-926-8787 DELIVERY SERVICE ATTENTION Friends, members of all Donegal Organizations, and co-workers of Jerry Timoney and his late wife Mary who passed away recently after a long illness are holding their third meeting Sunday Afternoon, November 24, at 4:00 p.m. at Keenans, located at Broadway and 231 Street, Bronx. This meeting is pertaining to the benefit dance to aid the Timoney Family. More help is urgently needed to help make this affair a success. Anyone who was not at our first two meetings are strongly urged to attend so they can possibly help us on this very worthy cause. Chairmen: Pat Gooney, MA.B.S.T.O.A. Mike Meehan, Donegal Organizations + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f7bf908c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +rag All U V * lib Vd/ ) y/v Vk7 is. The nominations for the Carroll Al As 1974 fades into history many will agree that this year was not a good year for the New York Gaelic Athletic Association. There were some bright spots during the year and these include the successful minor board and the tours from Ireland, both at club and county level. The numbers attending our games continue to fall. Here the officers and clubs must take the responsibility. On many, many occasions games started an hour behind the scheduled time and there were plenty of Sundays when it was eight o'clock when I left the Park after the last game. However, there was a brief effort made to correct the late starting but without the cooperation of the clubs and the enforcing of the rules all the effort was wasted. At the annual convention a new president was elected. Terry Connaughton beat Mike Cassidy by 4 votes. There was a very successful installation of officers and this was followed by one of the biggest banquets ever. The signs were very encouraging indeed. We saw a rules committee appointed and these dedicated men spent many hours deliberating and one of the most important and far reaching rules they proposed and passed was that teams be allowed only three players from Ireland for any one game and the names were to be furnished 10 days in advance of the game. To my disappointment and to many others no effort was made to encourage clubs to consolidate or combine to form stronger teams and lease better games and more competitive spirit. This consolidation or combining or by whatever name you wish to give it will have to be given priority action urgently before clubs are allowed to affiliate and nomination of officers take place for 1975. The number of one sided games witnessed this year has to be reduced if we are to continue to attract the paying public to the Park. FINALS There were five competitions completed, three in hurling and two in football and the final of the 1973 Senior football championship has been reached. Both the 1973 junior championships were completed and new and worthy champions emerged in both. It proved a double for Kerry. First we saw the Kingdom hurlers play Waterford into the ground in a one sided final. Just a few weeks ago the Kerry junior footballers assisted by players from Ireland beat arch rivals Limerick in a quiet, sporting final. Sligo made history when they recorded their first win of the senior football championship and victory was all the sweeter as it was Kerry they beat in the final. In the final and the semi-final of the competition we saw good, open exhibitions of football. In the decider both contestants imported heavily from Ireland. The senior hurling division must be commended fo'r their progressive thinking, first the 1973 senior final was decided after much uncertainty. Galway defeated a disappointing Offaly team in the final. Early in October Galway were dethroned as champions by a star-studded Tipperary fifteen. In this final Galway had to answer to the Tipperary men and this victory broke a lean spell for the winners. So, for the first time in many years a New York Championship was decided within the year. From this division came the first moves to combine clubs. It was decided that Wexford and Kilkenny, combine along with Cork and Limerick for a special hurling league. The Cork-Limerick merger fell through, but the Wexford-Kilkenny merger seem, at the very least an improvement and has all the signs of being a success. That merger plan was only on a trial basis and only for that special competition. Any consolidation of clubs might be made initially on a trial basis for say 12 months or the life of a particular competition.: With a little good will on all sides I think consolidation can be a success and it would be a great show of sportsmanship and concern for the survival of our National Pastimes if the first moves came from the clubs. But, if force has to be used then, in the best interest of the association coercion is the only answer. I have no doubt we will be hearing much on this particular subject for the next couple of months. The final of the 1973 senior football championship has been reached and the contestants will be Donegal and Kerry. Donegal are seeking their first New York title. TOURS This year there were successful tours made by individual clubs and by the All-Ireland Champions Kilkenny and the Ulster football Champions, Donegal. At club level we saw Kilcummin, St. Patrick's and Na haghasaigh in hurling Roscrea and Ballinsloe. For any clubs thinking of making the trip to New York, they should travel early in the Year. The tour of the All-Ireland Champions was a rushed decision, so fast that neither the Kilkenny or Limerick players were aware of the impending trip until after the final. Despite the short notice however, the tour was a success and New York put up a creditable showing. There was more organization and publicity for the Donegal tour but for some strange reason they never attracted the expected full house. As it turned out Donegal disappointed when they failed to beat a local New York fifteen. The New Yorkers gave a good display and played far better than anybody expected. For the second game of the tour Donegal played a minor board selection and they won easily. History has been written and no doubt it will be long remembered that it was the first occasion that a team of all American-born players took the field against a team from Ireland. Again, I am sure we will be seeing much more of these fine Americans playing Gaelic football. On April 20th, 1975 we will have another opportunity of seeing Kilkenny playing much tougher opposition-the Carroll All-Star Selection at Gaelic Park. MINOR FOOTBALL As time goes the minor football , movement is going to play a more important part in the life of New York G.A.A. Right now, it is difficult to put a date on it but before very long they will have to shoulder the full responsibility of carrying on the games of the Gael in New York. I will not dwell too long on the minors as I hope to do a special article or two later on this very important facet of the organisation. There are a few improvements I would like to see in the minor division and as the officers are very progressive I am sure they will act accordingly. ANNIVERSARY This year we celebrated the 60th anniversary of the Gaelic Athletic Association in New York and what a tame event it was. The timing was wrong; it should not have been overshadowed by the Kilkenny tour and should have been marked by a special day in which only local players were involved. There is no telling who or what shape the organisation will be in 10 years time when the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland will celebrate its centenuary. Australian Rules Team For Dublin It is now almost definite that the two Australian football teams touring Europe and the U.S. will play in Croke Park, Dublin on March 8th, 1975. On the following day an Australian Rules team will play an Gaelic football team under comprised rules. This visit may open up the prospect of Irish team going to Australia again-.' The nominations for the Carroll All- Star football team have been announced. In all 110 players are listed for the various positions. Many of the Dublin players were not considered. The final selection will be announced next week and the team will play against a combined Universities team on December 8th. In fact this is the first time that the All-Stars will play together as a team. In a strange turn of events the star Dublin goalkeeper has strong con- tension for the keeper spot despite his brilliant goalkeeper this year. Cen- terfield is most hotly contested positions with sixteen nominations and right full-back the least with only four nominations. GOALKEEPER Paddy Cullen (Dublin), Martin Furlong (Offaly), Ronan Giles (Meath), Gay Mitchell (Galway), Billy Morgan (Cork), John Somers (Derry). RIGHT FULL BACK Harry Keegan (Roscommon), Donal Monaghan (Donegal), Brian Murphy (Cork), Donie O'Sullivan (Kerry). FULL BACK Jack Cosgrave (Galway), Sean Doherty (Dublin), Humphrey Kelleher (Cork), Pat Lindsay (Roscommon), Kan McCartan (Down), Pauric McShea (Donegal), Seamus Reilly (Mayo), Mick Ryan (Offaly), Leslie Tool (Louth). LEFT FULL BACK Aiden Caffrey (Sligo), Mick Carolan (Kildare), Brendan Col- leran (Galway), Derry Crowley (Kerry), Andy Curran (Donegal), Denis Dalton (Kildare), Donal Hunt (Cork), Robbie Kelleher (Dublin), Gerry Manion (Roscommon), Brian Murphy (Cork). RIGHT HALF BACK Ger Feeney (Mayo), Eugene Mulligan (Offaly), Brian McEniff (Donegal), Enda McGowan (Cavan), Liam O'Neill (Galway), Kevin Ger O'Sullivan (Cork), Ger Power (Kerry), Paddy Reilly (Dublin), Pat Traynor (Meath). CENTRE HALF BACK Anthony Gallagher (Donegal), Tommy Joe Gilmore (Galway), Paudie Lynch (Kerry), Sean Mulvihill (Longford), Barnes Murphy (Sligo), J. P. O'Keane (Antrim), Eamon Tavey (Monaghan). LEFT HALF BACK Con Hartnett (Cork), Johnny Hughes, (Galway), Mick Higgins (Westport-Mayo), Johnny Kerrane (Roscommon), Ger O'Keefe (Kerry), Martin Slevin (Down), George Wilson (Dublin). CENTRE FIELD Declan Barron (Cork, Martin Carney (Donegal), Mick Carty (Wexford), Denis Coughlan (Cork), Jimmy Duggan (Galway), Dermot Earley (Roscommon), Mick Freyne (Roscom- Football i Announced mon), Willie Joyce (Galway), Paudie Lynch (Kerry), Pat Mangan (Kildare), Bobby Miller (Laois), Peter McGinnity (Fermanagh), John O'Keefe (Kerry), Ken Rennicks (Meath), Steve Rooney (Dublin), Peter Rooney (Down). RIGHT HALF FORWARD Bobbie Doyle (Dublin), Michael Laffey (Sligo), Brendan Lynch (Kerry), Colm McAlarney (Down), Frank McGuigan (Tyrone), Tom Naugh- ton (Galway), Tom O'Malley (ayo). CENTER HALF FORWARD Declan Barron (Cork), Tommy Carew Kildare), Mickey Cunningham (Down), Jimmy Duggan (Galway), Dermot Earley (Roscommon), Michael Kearins (Sligo), Mickey O'Sullivan (Kerry), Liam Sammon (Galway). LEFT HALF FORWARD Jarleth Burke (Galway), Noilly Gallagher (Donegal), David Hickey (Dublin), Michael Kearins (Sligo), Colm McAlarney (Down), Dave McCarthy (Cork), Tony McTeague (Offaly), Gerry O'Loughlin (Derry), Damien Reid (Louth), Benny Wilkinson (Sligo). RIGHT FULL FORWARD John Cooney (Offaly), Johnny Egan (Kerry), Seamie Granaghan (Donegal), Jimmy Barry (Cork), Anton O'Toole (Dublin), Peter Rooney (Down). FULL FORWARD Seamus Bonner (Donegal), Ray Cummins (Cork), Jimmy Keaveney (Dublin), Sean O'Neill (Down), Liam Sammon (Galway). LEFT FULL FORWARD Jimmy Barrett (Cork), Nellly Gallagher (Donegal), Michael Keating (Tipperary), Anton O'Toole (Dublin), Mike Sheehy (Kerry), John Tobin (Galway). Top Marksmen FO OTBALL-D. Earley (Roscommon) 10-89 (119), M. Kearins (Sligo) 4-87 (99), J. Tobin (Galway) 4-51 (63), F. O'Loane (Derry) 4-48 (60), J. Donnelly (Kildare) 1-56 (59), M. Sheehy (Kerry) 6-37 (55), J. Keaveney (Dublin) 2-47 (53), S. Bonner (Donegal) 11-15 (48), T. O'Malley (Mayo) 2-41 (47), P. Dunny (Kildare) 7-25 (46). HURLING-E. Keher (Kilkenny) 12-83 (119), F. Loughnand (Tipperary) 12-64 (103), R. Bennis (Limerick) 7-67 (88), J. Walsh (Kildare) 8-55 (79), P. Quigley (Dublin) 3-55 (64), P. O'Grady (Waterford) 3-53 (62), N. Walsh (Kildare) 13-18 (57), J. Connolly (Galway) 6i-38 (56), C. McCarthy (Cork) 5-39 (54), E. Rea (Limerick) 12-17(53). Kerry Nominate ts Stars MINOR FOOTBALL U-10 K.O. Good Shepherd 1-4 Rangers 0-0 U-16 K.O. Celtics U-18 K.O St. Joseph's The minors had Gaelic Park to themselves on Sunday and it was a pleasant day for football. Three games were played, two finals and one semi-final. All games were in the K.O. series and in the U-10 Good Shepherd demonstrated their strength in this age group when the completed the double with a well deserved victory over the Rangers. SCORERS: Good Shepherd-M. Boyle 1-2; B. Scally 0-1; B. Horan 0-1. Celtics have also completed the double league and K.O. when they defeated the Rangers by 9 points after an entertaining game of football. SCORERS: Celtics-C. Estey 14; J. Coleman 0-2j D. McCall 0-2; J. 1-11 Rangers 3-8 Celtics 0-5 1-1 Donnellan 0-1; M. Sullivan 0-1; W. Donnellan 0-1; Rangers: J. Stack 0-3; J. Durkin 0-1; J. White 0-1. St. Joseph's have qualified for the U-18 K.O. final against the league champions the Rangers and this game will be worth making a special effort to go to the park to watch. It will be played on Sunday, November 24th. St. Joseph's had plenty to spare over Celtics and will provide strong opposition to the Rangers for K.O. trophy. SCORERS: St. Josephs-T. Naughton 1-1; P.J. Larkin 1-1; P. Brady 1-0; J. Cahill 04; J. Naughton 0-1; J. Joce 0-1; E. O'Shea 0-1. Celtics J. Coleman 1-0; C. Estey 0-1.. MAY WE SUGGEST THE ULTIMATE IN DINING PLEASURE Donaghy Steak House UPPER NEW YORK'S FINEST FOOD ALL CHARGE PLANS MUSIC NIGHTLY Kerry has produced a galaxy for its Sports Stars Awards this year and which will be presented by well-known Dublin football trainer Kevin Heffernan at a banquet in the Mount Brandon Hotel, Tralee, on Friday, November 22. Promoted by the local Junior Chamber, the awards are being sponsored by The Kerryman Ltd. This year's winners are:- Hall of Fame (devoted to Cycling thisyear)-Gene Mangan of Killorglin. Youth Award-Tommy Corridan of Ballybunion (Golf). Rugby-Moss Keane of Currow. Weightlifting Gerald O'Mahony of Tralee. Gaelic Football-Michael O'Sullivan of Kenmare. Hurling-Tom Lyons of Abbeydorney. Cycling-John Mangan of Killorglin. Athletics-Tom O'Riordan of Ardfertand Dublin. Badminton-Sheila Hannon of Castleisland. Golf-Sandy Dunlop of Killarney. ? 5523 BROADWAY (near 230 St.) Open 7 Days Ample Parking PHONE 546-9571 548-3377 *ame Continued from Page 20 Barbara's 1-5, Maynooth 0-6. U-16 F.C. Final-Athy 3-11, Naas 14. S.F.L Div. 1-Alenwood 1-12, Ballyteague 04; Carbury 3-12, Balhangan 0-7; Ellistown 0-10, Grange 1-6; Monasterevan 2-2, Athy 1-4; Clane 1-8, Moorfield 0-11. Div. II Castlemitchel 1-6, St. Kevin's 04; Kilcullen 2-6, Leixlip 3-2. Div. Ill-Nurney 1-10, Athgarvan 1-9. WESTMEATH-U-21 H.C. Final-Castletown 2-3, Castlepollard 04. Feis Cup Semifinals: The Downs 2-9, Rosemount 0-9; Moate 0-8, Athlone 1-2. Ballymore Tournament Final: Tang 3-2, Caulry 2-3. WEXFORD-J.F.C.-St. Michael's (Gorey) 2-5, Buffers Alley 14. M E ATH-Under-21 F.C. Final-Ballivor 3*6, Skryne 2-5. Feis Cup (F)-Summerhill 3-4, Dunshaughlin 1-6; Castletown 0-7, Kells 04; Kilbride 2-10, Dunderry 1-2. Gael-Linn Cup (F) S.F.-Moylough 0-8, Cuchulainn's, Cavan 1-5. Under-17 F.C.-Summerhill 2-8, Navan De La Salle's 2-3. ANTRI M-AII County F.L-Div..iA-St. Johns 4-5, Rossa 1-0; Cargin 6-8, St. Galls 0-3; St. Teresas 1-3, Rasharkin 1-2; Sarsfields 0-7, Lamh Dearg 0-2. Div. 1A Reserve-Rossa 1-3, St. Johns 2-3; Cargin 3-2, St. Galls 2-3. Div. 1B-Dunloy 8-9, Ahoghiil 2-7. Div.lII Xir na nOg 1 -6, St. Agnes 2-3. South Antrim-Supplementary F.L.-Div. 1-Lisburn 3-2, St. Malachys 1-5. Div.ll Riverdale Rovers w.o. Davitts. Martin Cup-Mitchells 3-7, Martins 1-2. ARMAGH-AM County F.L. Div.l-Ballyhegan 0-1, Clanna Gael 6-7. Div.ll-Killeavy 2-3, Silverbridge 1-7; Clady 2-3, Blackwater Town 3-6; Eire Og 24, Clonmore 0-6. DOWN-AII County F.L. Section A-Briansford 0-10, Rostrevor 1-3; Annaclone 0-3, Kilclief 1-2; Loughinisland 2-11, Tullylish 1-6; Leitrim 2-5, Burren 2-0. Section B-Bredagh 0-5, Mayobridge 1-1; Kilcoo 1-1, Saval 0-0 (Abandoned); Bright 0-3, Glenn 34; Ballymartin 1-8, Drumaness 2-4; Castlewellan 2-12, Attical 0-5. FERMANAGH-S.F.L. Div.l Final-Tempo 1-6,Teemore 0-5. TYRONE-St. Enda Cup Semi-final (S.F.)-Augher 3-11, Eoghan Roe O'Neil's 3-1. Feis Shield Killeshill 2-5,Brackaville1-7. LIMERICK-S.F.C.-Croom 0-12, Patrickswell 0-4. J.C. Final-City-Monalee 44, Treaty Sarsfields 2-5. CHALLENGE GAME CORK-Nemo Rangers 2-6, U.C.D. 1-9. CAMOGIE GAME NAAS-Leinster Club C. semi-final-Austin Stacks (Dublin) 6-7, Prosperous (Kildare) 2-0. CORK-Munster Inter Club C. ' semi-final-U.C.C. 54, Ballyagran t(Limerick) 0-1. - . , -, -* * + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e5b448693 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CM LU LU North's Jail Riots Cost 2 Million Mmm iM Mm Damage estimated at nearly 2 million was caused in the Northern Ireland Concentration Camp and Jail riots two weeks ago, the Secretary of State Merlyn Rees told the British House of Commons on October 30th. He said the damage done at Long Kesh would cost one and a half million pounds, while that at Magilligan Camp amounted to over two hundred thousand pounds. He did not give any estimate for the repairs of Crumlin Road or Armagh Prison. Mr. Rees appeared to hint at new measures for the separation of detainees and convicted prisoners, saying that he hoped to make a statement shortly. He was unforthcoming on the question of building a new permanent prison in Northern Ireland, a project which would take several years. It is known that after Direct Rule was first imposed in 1972, it was proposed to build a new prison at Magilligan but this was rejected on a number of grounds, including the proximity to the Republic. Mr. Rees said that more than a thousand internees and detainees took part in the Long Kesh riot and that in the circumstances it was remarkable that there were so few casualties . ARROGANT CLAIM BY REES REFUTED Many men who were injured in the riots are still incarcerated in Long Kesh and have not been hospitalised them it proved ineffective because of the wind direction. They claim that the helicopters were then ordered to fly low and spread the gas among the internees by the action of the helicopter rotor blades. This particular type of gas had not so far been used anywhere else in the world and in the U.S. tests carried out with the gas on rabbits showed that high concentration can cause permanent damage to the eyes. It replaces the old CS gas and caused much greater discomfort and irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. INTERNEES BOYCOTTSECRET COMMISSION HEARINGS As part of a continuing strategy to make the system of detention without trial unworkable, the 450 Republican detainees at Long Kesh Concentration Camp have decided to boycott the secret commission hearings held inside the Camp to review detainees' cases. The boycott becomes effective immediately, according to Mrs. Maire Drumm, Vice-President of Provisional Sinn Fein, in Belfast on October 30th. The secret courts would not be used again because they had been proved to be a farce' The decision of the Republican detainees to boycott the commission hearings, which recommenced this week after a two-week break following the camp burning, means that commissioners will have to decide whether or not to review cases in the absence of detainees. It is or given any treatment despite the expected that they will, in fact, do so. seriousness of their injuries. It is now Just over 250 detainees have been clear that at least four hundred released in ones and twos by the detainees and internees were injured commissioners since December 1973, and many of these are still sleeping on wnen they began their hearings inside the ground under sheets of polythene. th? camP- 1*ne commissioners accept The internees have also stated that ev,dence at the hearings from when the British Army was sent into numbers of the security forces the Camp to punish the men, the h dden behind curtains. British Officers commanding them Mrs- Drumm sa'd that the decision were unable to control or restrain had Deen taken before Mr. Rees made their own soldiors, and afterwards h,s atement on Long Kesh and was were heard to refer to their mens' not ,n anV way a retaliation. She behaviour by calling them animal exPected that the 30 female detainees bastards . at Arma h Prison would follow the REES TRIES STARVATION example of the detainees in Long TO BREAK REBELLION There were also widespread tions that Mr. Rees was using starvation to try to break the rebellion against internment in Long Kesh. We publish here an accurate account of the food distributed to the men for the five days after the burning of the Camp. Wednesday October 16th - No Food. Thursday October 17 - One round of bread and one cup of milk Friday October 18th-Two rounds of bread and one cup of milk. Saturday October 19th - One cup of porridge and one cup of stew. Sunday October 20th - One cup of stew. BRhlSH ARMY USED CRGASIN LONG KESH There is no doubt that the British Army, used the new and more lethal CR gas for the first time in Northern Ireland in Long Kesh on October 15th. This new item in the Army riot control stock was approved by the Defence Ministry almost a year ago, but until two weeks ago, it was authorised for use only at Long Kesh. Prisoners, who are used to the effects of CS gas, claim that a new, more irritating and paralysing agent was used on them. Internees also claim that when the first batch of CR gas was used on Knights Of Equity Convention In Buffalo Dennis O'Reilly of Rochester, New York, was elected Supreme Sir Knight of the Knights of Equity at the 79th annual convention held at Buffalo, New York. O'Reilly recently retired as Deputy Fire Chief after serving 33 years with the Rochester Fire Department. Cork born he came to this Country in 1929 married and remained in Rochester since. He is the father of seven children. John Bolsinger of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was elected Supreme Vice Sir Knight. Other elected were: Kenneth Power, secretary; Martin Schail, treasurer; Norman Fox, lecturer; Trustees are, John Marren, Daniel Clifford, Raymond McKelvy, Alfred Pedro, Michael Walsh, James Parks, and Bernard McClinchey. Reverend Thomas R. Bartley was reappointed Supreme Chaplain. Marion K. McMahon was elected national president of the Daughters of Erin the auxiliary to the Knights of Equity. Continued on Page 18 IK The end of the escape tunnel, just outside the perimeter An i-i +a ** lt; .* gt; . I I cnnmo +n nr rtn n + ltnv o r-i I fence. An internee was shot dead by British troops during rioting at Long Kesh camp following a break-out by Republican detainees early Tuesday. A Catholic chaplain who was in the camp said CS. gas was being used on the prisoners. He said he had seen at least 12 men spreadeagled against a compound wire and being beaten by troops. All of them were covered in blood, he said. Government sources said that 20 Republican detainees had escaped from the camp shortly after midnight. Eighteen of them were re-captured and a full-scale search was going on for the other two. A spokesman said a tunnel had been discovered in the camp during a search after the escape. Meanwhile conditions at the camp were described as shocking by an all-party delegation of Assemblymen who visited it. Members of the delegation, who inspected the camp on the invitation of the North's Secretary of State, Mr. Merlyn Rees, expressed fears that the camp might be burned down again if it were rebuilt. Rev. Ian Paisley, D.U.P. leader, who led the loyalist group, said the conditions were really sub-human and the S.D.L.P. delegation, consisting of Mr. Paddy O'Hanlon, Chief Whip, and Messrs. Desmond Gillespie, and Michael Canavan, said that the conditions were 100 times worse than they had imagined. Mr. Gillespie said last night there OGLAIGH NkhEIRE/VNN seems to be no other solution but to end internment and get rid of this place. These men have reached such a state of desperation that we were told that even if the camp is rebuilt, it would very likely be burned down again , he said. Mr. Gillespie said: We saw a meal being delivered to the loyalist compound in tin containers. It consisted of beef-burgers or sausage rools swimming in gravy and nothing else. The men refused to eat it and were existing on their food parcels. I got a list of complaints from Gusty Spence, the loyalist leader, which said Governor Truesdale should be sacked and protested that the men had neither light, heat nor hot water. The S.D.L.P. delegation said that because of orders most of the republican prisoners refused to meet them but they had chatted to some of them and learned of conditions which were really indescribable. Rev. Ian Paisley said that in the loyalist compound the conditions were sub-human he said. There was neither light nor heat and at night men were using candles. One toilet was so flooded that waders would be needed to use it. In one hut with 80 men, some were sleeping on soaking mattresses while others were lying on springs stretched across the hut. The Loyalist prisoners, he said, were refusing the food as a protest and were living on bread and tea and a quarter pound of margarine per day. r i UNITED BROOKLYN IRISH BAYRIDGE-FLATBUSH IRISH NORTHERN AID UNITS CHRISTMAS BENEFIT DANCE (or the Oppressed People of N.E. Ulster NOVEMBER 30th 1974 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Cummings Bros American Legion Hall 4516 Avenue D, Brooklyn, N.Y. 2 bottles par table of 10 Free Beer Donation 7.50 Co-Chairmen: E. Gallagher j. Toolan For Reservations and Directions Call: J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550or M.McNicholl 212-469-9874 A. Cusick 451-0819 PATODOrai THE FENIAN AVENGER EXECUTED NOVEMBER 17*mzm. Bishops Again Betray Their People WE NEEDTHEM Last week saw two bishops again calling for support for the British forces in Ireland. Both bishops spoke on the same day (October 22) and both condemned what they called terrorism. The Catholic Bishop of Down and Connor (which includes Belfast), Dr. William Philbin, is a noted Conservative and upholder of the church-state alliance. On October 22nd, he gave yet another speech in favour of British power, when he urged Catholics to help the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. He said that everybody must show their revulsion towards the dominance of the organised terrorist. Certain groups in Northern Ireland Dr. Philbin said, Have by now, ensured that our generation will be marked in history by the stigma of organised savagery. We shall be known for developments that have been destructive and evil-the introduction into society of new kinds of atrocities and of inhuman ruthlessness in their execution. As one phase of barbarity abates, another unfailingly takes its place the Bishop went on. The bishop was not referring here to the savagery of the R.U.C. Special Branch and S.A.S. murder squads. He continued, in fact, to plead for support for these: Only the agencies of security are in a position to establish the peace and order we all need and desire, and to avert the growing degeneracy of our society. If we need them, as we do, daily and nightly, we have also a duty to help them . Dr. Philbin made no attempt to conceal his hatred for revolutionaries, and his love for tyrants. Who in God's name needs torturers and murderers daily and nightly The bishop continued with his references to Satan, whom he believes to be behind the principles of freedom and the rights of man. Enough of evil has emanated from among our numbers-just now, our most urgent need is to counter the widespread corruption of our children by agents of Satan . Perhaps the most suitable answer to this pervertion of principle and religion was given by a Republican paper published in the impoverished and crucified ghettoes of Belfast: The peoples' conscience are clear-who clothed the naked, sheltered the homeless and gave succour to the oppressed? ANGRY REACTION IN BELFAST In a front page article Belfast's Andersonstown News accused the bishop of urging people to turn informer . It also accused Dr. Philbin of remaining silent on the fate of the Long Kesh internees . The paper says there has been angry reaction n the Andersonstown area over the bishop's statement, and claims that local community leaders are concerned that the church is giving approval to the operation of plain clothes squads of S.A.S. and R.U.C. men . The paper also said that after the intervention of Catholic clergy, barricades were taken down in the Lower Falls in 1969 and four people were later killed in a battle with security forces after police and troops raided houses. BUCHANAN LASHES OUT On the same day as Dr. Philbin spoke the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, Dr. Alan Buchanan, himself a former British soldier, made a similar speech. Dr. Buchanan said that it must be recognised that most bloodshed in the country was caused by irishmen . He also called on people in the South to do more in supporting the security forces on both sides of the border . He also stated he believed that we, as a people, could do far more to support Con tinued on Page 18 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b0ece0e95 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CM (2 UJ -J a. O LU O. I CO IRISH SPORTS By John Twomey CO LU X National Football League National Hurling League Kerry Hold Dublin To Draw Clare Surprise The Holders Kerry 0-8 Dublin 0-8 All-Ireland champions Dublin and league title-holders Kerry made brave efforts to serve up fast and entertaining football under almost impossible conditions at Fitzgerald Stadium in Killarney. To their credit, they defied the elements and provided plenty of second-half entertainment and excitement for more than 10,000 spectators. One league point each from so hard fought an encounter does nothing to advance the fortune of either county. A drizzle-drenched sod and a wind off the Reeks that, to quote a local, would skin a gooseberry, made accuracy and ball control more than difficult, so a drawn game was probably, in the end, an equitable result. But it was a result that even the more optimistic of Heffo's hordes, who made the long trip south in considerable numbers, could hardly have hoped for at the interval. The Dubliners, with that blustering breeze urging them on from the scoreboard end, took a two point lead in an early flourish. Then Kerry, looking the sharper and more eager outfit, began to force the pace, even into the wind. Mick Sheehy, from Tralee, a dressingroom replacement for John Egan, was the hero of the home fans hereabouts. He kicked two great points from frees and then punched the Kingdom into the lead from Ger O'Driscoll's cross. The unerring Jimmy Keavaney brought Dublin level, Pat Spillane regained the lead for Kerry, but again it was Keaveney who, with two classical points, one from a free and one from play, edged Dublin ahead at the interval, 0-5 to 04. In view of the strong wind, that slim margin did not look nearly sufficient and when, within 10 minutes of the restart, the men from the Kingdom had gone a point in front, a Dublin defeat looked almost inevitable. At this stage, however, Paudhie Lynch, who had dominated at midfield, but had taken a heavy knock nearing half-time, switched to full-forward. Spillane went top of the right while Dick Spring, seemingly fully fresh in spite of his rugby exertions for Munster against the New Zealanders on Saturday, came on at midfield. But, from the moment Lynch moved, Kerry began to lose their grip on this game. Brian Mullins, who had been joined at midfield in the first half by Anton OToole, now came thundering into the picture. He forced the 50 which brought the balancing point from Keaveney and then, when a Dublin forward was fouled close in, took the resultant penalty. But his hard shot, though it beat diving goalman Paudhie O'Mahony, came back off an upright and was blasted high over the bar by Bobbie Doyle. Kerry, heartened by this let-off, drew level at the match went into the last quarter, Tony Hanahoe, put clean through for what seemed a certain Dublin goal; swept the ball wide. Again Kerry profited by the mistake to take the lead with a neat point from a free by Brendan Lynch seven minutes from time. But Dublin were now doing better than at any other stage in this hour and must have gained the winning goal had not O'Mahony managed to, fly-kick the ball almost from under his own crossbar. Yet, justice was done in the end, when the ever reliable Keaveney kicked the equalising point from a free in the 58th minute. On their lethargic first-half display, this was a game Dublin did not deserve to win, yet it was a game they must have won had they taken their second-half goaling chances. Certainly, except for a couple of first-half scares, Paddy Cullen had a quiet afternoon in goal, thanks to the excellence of a defence in which Alan Larkin, Sean Doherty and Robbie Kelleher were outstanding. Not till OToole switched out did Dublin come into the game at midfield, where Mullins had an outstanding last quarter. The forwards, however, from the chances presented, must shoulder the blame for letting victory slip away. The exception was veteran Keaveney, who had all but one of their scores and was truly the man who saved the day. Kerry, for much of the hour, looked every bit as promising as they did against Offaly but, again, they faded in the last quarter. O'Mahony, John O'Keeffe, Jim Deenihan, Ger Power and Kennelly were the bulwards of a sound defence. Paudhie Lynch was, until injured, magnificent at midfield, but their forwards, like those of Dublin, promised more than they achieved, with Sheehy, Brendan Lynch and Mickie O'Sullivan, when he moved off Kelleher, carrying the greatest threat. Scorers-Dublin: J. Keaveney (0-7); B. Doyle (0-1). Kerry-M. Sheehy (0-5); B. Lynch (0-2); P. Spillane (0-1). N.F.L. DIVISION 1 A P W D L F A Pts. Roscommon 2 2 0 0 25 20 4 Kildare 2 1 0 1 24 19 2 Cork 2 1 0 1 18 23 2 Offaly 2 1 0 1 15 20 2 Kerry 2 0 1 1 19 20 1 Dublin 2 0 1 1 18 19 1 m am mm 4 t L As you can readily see the annual dart league is new in its third week. This year the entire competition will run for 23 weeks, with each team playing 23 games. The Board of Officers that organise and control the league are as follows: President: Pat Hunt (Kilcullen Murrays); V. Pres.: Vin Corrigan (Horse Jockey); Executive Sec: Mike Lynch (Cassidy Conneelys); Corresponding and Recording Sec: John Donaghue (Costello's); Treasurer: Bill Correale (Kilcullen Murrays). Rules committee is made up of three members as follows: Tom Morley and Sean Kelly (Horse Jockey) along with Tom Veale of Briarwood Flights. Clare 3-6 Cork 1-10 Miserable weather provided a remarkable contrast to the bright and thrilling performance of Clare hurlers as they overcame Cork in a top class National Hurling League game at Charleville. A soggy ground, driving wind and rain and, indeed, the reputation of national league holders Cork-all were brushed aside contemptuously by the fiery Clare team. The two sides provided excellent entertainment for the relatively small crowd. They went all out for the 60 minutes and every ball and challenge was fiercely contested by the two teams. This made for a rousing, but sporting game, full of controlled aggression, with plenty of skill from both sides. But Clare were superb. On their showing yesterday-they were full of confidence and composure-they must be in the running for honours this year. Every man on the team played a full part in the victory, but individuals in each sector of play made vital contributions. Goalkeeper Seamus Durack made some really fine saves at times when lesser men would have given way under the pressure exerted by the eager Cork forwards. Centre-half-back Noel Casey was steadfast in the middle, and his clearances provided a springboard for plenty of Clare attacks. Midfielders Tony Kelly and John Callahan dominated their Cork counterparts and kept a constant flow of passes to their forwards. Up front, the veteran Gus Lohan gave the Cork backs a roasting they will not forget in a hurry, and also scored two goals. Corner-forward Enda O'Connor deservedly got Clare's third goal. Cork played hard and well but their failure to pick up scores from play was crucial. Most of their 10 points came from frees by Gerald and Charlie McCarthy, Clare were that bit faster than Cork on breaks and the title-holders frequently found their defenders a few yards behind the speedy Clare forward. The strong cross-field breeze favoured Clare in the first half. Lohane struck with his first goal after only seven minutes when the scores stood at a point each. Put through by Jim McNamara, Lohan resisted the challenge of Cork keeper Martin Coleman and palmed to the net. That wasn't too bad a setback for Cork. They kept hammering away but, as the half wore on, Clare got stronger. Nine minutes from half-time, O'Connor ran at the Cork goal, looked to have lost control after a tackle but recovered and scored with a low ground shot which Cork's John Horgan vainly tried to block on the line. Three minutes later, Cork were really in trouble when Lohan's goal-scoring prowess gave Clare a further advantage. He shot from close in but the sliothair rebounded off a defender, but Lohan scored at the second attempt. The score at the interval was 3-3 to 0-5 in Clare's favour. Cork, with the wind behind them, fought desperately in the second half. Slowly they picked up the points, mainly from the free-taking expertise of the McCarthys. But Clare were still dangerous on counter-attacks and they picked up a couple of points to maintain their lead. Four minutes from full-time, Cork looked to have got full reward for their efforts when a 21-yard penalty goal by Charlie McCarthy left them only a point behind. An exciting final , three minutes followed, but Noel Ryan pointed in the last minute to give Clare the two league points they deserved. Scorers: Clare-G. Lohan (2-0), E. O'Connor(1-0), J. McNamara, N. Ryan (0-2 each), J. Callanan, C. Woods (0-1 each). Cork-C. McCarthy (1-4), G. McCarthy (0-5), E. O'Donoghue (0-1). N.H.L DIVISION 1 A P W D L F A Pts. Kilkenny 4 4 0 0 80 49 8 Clare 4 3 0 1 65 52 6 Cork 4 2 1 1 60 45 5 Wexford 4 2 1 1 51 49 5 Tipperary 4 0 3 1 54 57 3 Limerick 4 1 0 3 42 63 2 Waterford 4 1 0 3 44 61 2 Dublin 4 0 1 3 41 62 1 HOLIDAY INN 4140 West 95th Street Oak Lawn, Illinois 60453 JOSEPH J. ENGLISH General Manager 425-7900 A.C.312 g s Celeb Qfsetp. im lt;r t* mtft*m ears Units 0 0 0 0 Game Is Here NATIONAL HURLING LEAGUE DIVISION 1A KILKENNY-Kilkenny 0-18, Waterford 0-7. CROKE PARK-Dublin 1-11, Tipperary 1-11. CHARLEVILLE-Clare 3-6, Cork 1-10. WEXFORD PARK-Wexford 2-12, Limerick 0-4. NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE DIVISION 1A KILLARNEY-Kerry 0-8, Dublin 0-8. DIVISION IIIA DUNDALK-Louth 2-9, Donegal 2-6. DIVISION 1MB WEXFORD-Limerick 3-7, Wexford 2-6. KILKENNY-Waterford 1-17, Kilkenny 1-5. ULSTER CHAMPIONSHIPS ARMAGH-Club H-Dungiven 1-6, Cuchulaina's 14. COUNTY FINAL AT HLEAGUE-Ros common S.H.-Tremane 2-12, St. Dominic's 0-3. CONNACHT CHAMPIONSHIP MOUNTBELLE W-Club F-Roscommon Gaels 1-9, Mountbellew 1-3. COLLEGES GAME S L IGO Connacht S.F.C.-Summerhill College, Sligo, 3-11, St. Jarlath's, Tuam 1-9. CAMOGIE GAMES MONAGHAN-S.C. Final-Latton 5-2, Toome 2-1. M.C. Final Kilanny 7-0, Castleblayney 3-2. ENNIS-Mu nster Club semi-final-Eire Og, Ennis 9-5, Castleisland Kerry, 4-3. COUNTY GAMES LOUTH-J.H.L.-Naomh Moninne 5-3, Naomh Colmcille 5-3. Lyons Cup (J.F.) Semi-final-Newtownblues 0-9, Naomh Mihuire2-2. cavan-l.F.C Finai-Maghera 4-6, Drumlene24. MONAGHAN-J.B.F.C.-Do- naghmoyne 0-4, Inniskeen 0-4. Fr. Hackett Cup Final I.F.-Killeeyan 3-3, Toome 0-3. Owen Ward Cup Semi-finals S.F.-Ballbay 1-4, Aughnamullan 1-3; Castleblayney 1-7, Scotstown 1-4. Fr. Hackett Cup-Clontibret 0-8, Monaghan 0-6. FERMANAGH-S.F.L. Final-Tempo 1-7,Teemore 0-5. TIPPERARY-Tipperary U-21 H. Semi-final-Thurles Sarsfields 5-9, Carrick Swjans 0-3. J.H. Finai-Holycross 3-6, Knockshewowna 0-8. U-16 H. Final-Moycarkey Borris 24, Cashel King Cormacs 1-5. LONGFORD-lnter.F.L. Final Repiay-Fr. Manning Gaels 0-8, Longford Slashers1-2. S.F.L. Semi-final-St. Martin's 3-2, Clonguish (holders) 1-6. WATERFORD-Western Division Under-21 F.C. Final Stradbally 3-7, TullowO-9. CORK-J.F.C. Finai-Fermoy 1-6, Beara 0-8. U-21 F.C. Semi-final-Glanmire 2-5, Mallow 1-0. J.H.F.C.-Castlelyons 4-5, Russell Rovers 0-4; Ballyclough 1-12, Glanworth 1-6. J.H.L.-Erin's Own 2-4, Watergrasshill 0-8; Ahabollogue 4-6, Eire Og 1-1. J.B.H.L-Cloughduv 2-1, Eire Og 2-1. J.F.L-Cloyne 2-5, Midleton 0-6; Kilshannig 1-5, Kilderrery 0-7. J.B.H.C.-Killavullen 2-5, Milford 1-5. Ground Tournament Semi-final Ballyhea 1-6, Newton 2-1. LAOIS-S.H.C. South-S. Final Replay-Ballacolla 1-8, Borris-in-Ossory 1-1 (unfinished). S.F.L.-Portlaoise 5-5, Killeshin 1-2; O'Dempseys 1-10, Mountmellick 0-8; Annanough 1-6, Ballyfin 1-2; The Heath 2-9, Emo 1-6; Timahoe 1-9, Aries 1-3; St. Joseph's 2-6, Ballylinan 0-7; Crettyard w/o, Stradbally scr.; Courtwood w/o, Portarlieton scr. KILDARE-Higgins Cup Final J.F.-Raheens 1-5, Ballykejly 0-5. M.H.C. Final-St. Bridgets 3-5, St. Dermots 2-0. J.H.C. Final-St. Continued on Page 19 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb0d04ff0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +(esh Loyalists Threaten Hunger Stele To De; The trouble-torn Long Kesh Concentration Cam was simmering on the verge of yet another crisis as more than 230 Loyalist prisoners vowed to go on a mass hunger strike to the death at midnight to protest at the sub-human conditions in the Loyalist compounds. The men, who are all UVF and Red Hand prisoners, have taken their action as part of an escalating UVF plan that follows the massive protest in the North when the Loyalist caused widespread disruption with more than 70 hoax bomb scares in 'hijacked vehicles. Another 200 Loyalist prisoners in Long Kesh, who belong to the UDA, are to decide whether or not they will join the hunger strike. A spokesman for the UVF prisoners in Belfast said that they have been refusing food from prison authorities for two weeks and have been surviving on food parcels brought in from outside. Many of them are ill because of the conditions, which have been aggravated since the Republicans burned down 80 of the camp last month. The only difference between Long Kesh and a Nazi concentration camp is that mass graves are not being Funeral Attended Continued from Page 1 pro bably will, cost you your life. The dice was loaded against the Republican movement, Mr. Loughran added, in terms of British Army strength and Britain's misuse of the law and involvement in torture, degredation and murder. Yet this choice of martyrdom has been accepted in every generation of our race, and great and noble souls have flung themselves into conflict, only to be crushed under the heels of the invader. Yet, again and again, rose the dominant need to be Irish and to be seen to be Irish and to fight for all that is truly Christian in the way of justice. Mr. Loughran went on: Love of Ireland could be said to be a love of death, but her children have never failed to answer the call to arms. They have never ceased to love her. Hugh Coney's name was now joined with those of Pearse and Barry, he said. Demanding the ending of internment, Mr. Loughran said: Our people must not be left to fight alone. There are many thousands of Ireland's sons and daughters abroad. They must also get into the fight. It's a fight for national emancipation. Realise your mighty strength. Together, we can accomplish what we please. Use it now for there is only one ending-success and the triumph of right and justice over iniquity and wrong. The dead man's parents, James and Christmas Dance. For Irish Relief Under a banner of United Brooklyn Irish the Bayridge and Flatbush units of Irish Northern Aid are scheduling a joint affair to raise fundsforthe common goal The thoughts of the Irish people suffering through another Christmas of deprivation are spurning their efforts to raise funds to be turned over in time to aid the families of prisoners in North East Ireland prior to Christmas. The joint Committee is comprised of: Evelyn and Bill Gallagher, Patrick Biesty, Pat Riordan and James Smith of Bayridge Unit. Kate and John Toolan, Mary Cunningham, Ann Cusick, Mary and Pat McNicholl, Pat Mullin and Inge and Sean Toner of the Flatbush Unit. The affair will be 'held at Cummings Bros. American Legion Post, 4516, Ave. D. Brooklyn on November 30th, 1974 from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Two bottles per table of ten plus set ups. The donation is 7.50. For table reservations call J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550 or A. Cusick 451-0819, M. McNicholl 469-9874. dug outside the wire, Loyalist Assemblyman Mr. Hugh Smyth said at the weekend. According to Mr. Smyth, 80 of the Loyalist prisoners were suffering from 'flu, or a severe cold. Because of the deterioration in the conditions of the men, due to the failure of the prison authorities and the Government to act, the prisoners had decided on the hunger strike as the only way to decent conditions. The strike would continue to the death, or until the authorities took action. It was later, reported that the Loyalist prisoners are to be moved to rebuilt accomodation in the compound. The UVF, meanwhile, has decided not to contest next year's election for the Northern Ireland Convention, while its recently formed political wing, the Volunteer Party, has dropped plans for a direct challenge for parliamentary influence. Instead, the UVF intends to restrict its political activity to that of a ginger group. Members will be encouraged to join other right-wing Unionist parties as long as this does not interfere with their duties as members of the UVF. Kitty Coney, and his girl friend Eilish McSloy followed the coffin along with his brothers, Jim and Frank, and sisters Collette and Noelle, from the family home, a short distance outside Coalisland, to St. Patrick's Church, Clonoe. Wreaths from relatives and many Republican organisations were laid on the grave. During the funeral a British army helicopter flew overhead, and roads leading to Coalisland were manned by R.U.C. and British troops. Coalisland came to a standstill and black flags were hung at windows and street corners. Businesses closed down in many Republican areas as a mark of respect and sympathy demonstrations attracted large crowds in Belfast, Derry and Newry. Vehicles were hijacked and set on fire in the Dungannon area. As a result of one hijacking, an hotel function planned for pensioners in Ballygawley estate had to be cancelled. British Thugs Continued from Page 1 shirt and I could see he had been shot in the back right through the heart. I was told, earlier, that soldiers were lying behind trees on high ground overlooking the new road at Wandleside factory. They were just waiting for an innocent victim to walk out of Twinbrook estate. I was told by a person who saw the shooting that Gerry had just asked the driver to put the van across the road when there was a shot. Gerry fell, shot through the hip and, as he went down, he raised his hands to show that he had n,o weapon. - Then, there was another shot-the one in the back that killed him. They say it was a 'black' soldier who shot Gerry. 'OFFICER'CLAIM A man who claimed to be speaking on behalf of the 1st Battalion, Belfast Brigade, Provisional I.R.A. said Fennell was an officer in their G Company. The spokesman said he was murdered in cold blood. We have been expecting reprisals against our volunteers after our successful operations over the past few days, he added. ii fgi ira On Friday evening November 1st 1974 a capacity crowd was on hand at Gaelic Park Casino to pay tribute to Mario Biaggi. Congressman Biaggi a strong vocal supporter of Ireland's right to freedom and self rule arrived at 11 p.m. with his gracious wife Marie and their lovely daughter. A standing ovation was accorded the Guest of Honor as he entered the Casino with his family. Congressman Biaggi, who has been long deserving of this Irish Night due to his constant speaking out in Congress on behalf of our war torn homeland, mingled and introduced his family to the packed house. On opening the evenings ceremonies, Inwood Irish Northern Aid Chairman, Mike Meehan presented a plaque to Margaret Clancy Muldoon, a recently married colleen from County Leitrim, for the dedication and outstanding services to the cause of Irish Freedom over the past three years. Guest Speaker Sister St. Hugh, editor of The Irish People Newspaper was then introduced to the receptive gathering. Sister spoke on Biaggi's loyalty to Ireland and to the Irish community in this country. It would be an insult to Mr. Biaggi , said Sister St. Hugh, if we even attempted to list the times and the occasions when Congressman Biaggi took a stand on behalf of the people of Ireland. According to Sister St. Hugh, no page is large enough to contain the number of occasions of dedicated service Mr. Biaggi has rendered to Ireland and to the Irish and Irish American people in the United States. In concluding Sister St. Hugh presented Congressman Biaggi with a plaque on behalf of The Irish People. Biaggi again received a standing ovation. In presenting the plaque Sister St. Hugh said she had one sorrow and that was that she was not presenting it to him as the mayor of New York City. We know one thing for sure, if Mr. Biaggi was the mayor of New York City we wouldn't have British double decker buses coming into the city next July . Overwhelmed with the applause and the introduction Mr. Biaggi stepped forward holding the plaque and with pride glistening in his eyes he thanked the people who placed so much trust and hope in him. ht A Huge Success en CD CO Sr. St. Hugh makes a presentation to Congressman Biaggi. Somehow or other, Mr. Biaggi said, when the picture of Ireland was being painted somewhere along the line the brush of justice never touched that little island and ever since it has been the victim of British oppression . Calling on the Irish people to unite Mr. Biaggi pointed out that politicians must be made to believe that the Irish issue will be politically profitable to them otherwise he said, your representatives will not take a stand for your cause . He pointed out that there are only six Greek Congressmen in Congress yet they were able to hold up Congress until aid was given to the 600,000 Greeks in Cyprus. What , he asked are your fifty-two Irish-American Congressmen doing for you? The final speaker of the evening was Father Vallaley who had just arrived from County Tyrone. The good Father related many stories on the atrocities that have become an everyday occurrence in Ireland's six occupied counties, and pleaded for total support of Irish Northern Aid as this organization would ultimately be responsible for driving the British Government and Troops out of Ireland. Prior to singing the National Anthems Bob McCann asked for support of the Baltimore Four, now laying in U.S. Federal Prisons because they chose to help our Freedom Fighters in Ireland. This Inwood Irish Northern Aid sponsored Tribute under the chairmanship of Tyrone's Sean McGonnell and his committee of Pat Brian Clarke, Danny McElroy, Kevin Duffy, Vera Baker, Brendan Heagney, Jim Touhy, Mike Marion Loftus and Carmel Costelloe did an excellent job in catering to the large crowd. As the evening came to an end Mike Meehan presented a check for 3,500.00 to the U.S. Representative, Irish Northern Aid Matt Higgins to be used in buying warm clothing for the Irish men and women now interned in various concentration camp.s throughout Ireland. Inwood Vice Chairman Pat Clarke on left and Dance Chairman Sean McGonnell on right look on as presentation is made to Margaret Muldoon by Matt Higgins. r (212) 751-5470 Open 7 days a week L O'LUN NET'S 915 2nd Ave. N.Y.C. (betw. 48th 49th) Live Country Music And Dancing MODERN COUNTRY MUSIC Monday Through Saturday BLUE GRASS EVERY SUNDAY FOOD SERVED and BOOM AVAILABLE FOB PABTIES 1 J Shannon Travel Service, Inc. 75-24 37th Ave., Jackson Heights, N.Y. 11372 212-639-0667 or 212-639-7530. We Fill All Your Travel Needs - Domestic And Internationally Air-Cruises-HotelsTcurs-Packages-Youth Fairs, Etc. 8-Day Specials To Europe Patrick J. Neville, ?idie McManus, Joseph Whalen + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3e883f5aa --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +en, LU -J Q. o LU CL X Cbtioria 9; CO E gt; o H FAUL IS FOUL When we think of the many men who, in the full vigor and glory of their manhood, laid down their lives without a murmur of complaint or regret, we must ask ourselves this' question for what did they die? And if we are honest we must answer in their own words, spoken with their dying breath they died for the full and complete and untrammelled freedom of all Ireland. They did not die for a prosperous Dominion or an ersatz Republic. They died endeavouring in the words of Tone 'to break the connection with England, the never failing source of all our ills. They died endeavoring to make the Sovereign Republic of all Ireland, in the inspired words of Padraic Pearse, not free but Gaelic as well, not Gaelic merely, but free as well. We are not honoring them, not following in their footsteps, we are not striving to complete their work unless we are working with all our strength to make Ireland Irish and free. Father Denis Faul who was speaking last week on The media and the troubles in the North said that he did not think the I.R.A. should be allowed on the national radio and television to persuade people to their point of view. It is obvious that Father Faul would have a free Ireland for a chosen few but not for those who are willing to suffer and die for their freedom. Father Faul like other men would like to be involved but don't ask him to take a risk. He has to be on the right side and who is Father Faul to decide Government policy? Like his forefathers when they issued their Joint Pastoral in the 20's that the 'Free State' and its Provisional Government were the true legitimate and only civil authorities in Ireland. The Bishops at the time called the Republicans plunderers, raiders, looters, wasters, rebels and pursuers of other unladylike avocations. What startles some of us is not that he calls our men 'murderous gangs' but that he has the gaul to accept 5,000 from the A.O.H. to aid the families of these same internees he claims have no right to freedom of speech. In the future we would hope that organizations in this country who indeed want to help the Republican Movement would find some other way of distributing their funds to the families of the internees and exclude a man who from all appearances is using the sufferings of the broken hearted internees and their families to swell his personal library. By truth and honor, by principle and sacrifice alone will Ireland be free. If anyone has a right to free speech it is the men and women of the Republican movement who have fought for freedom. Who would challenge the fact that Hugh Coney had a right to speak on R.T.E. and to expose the horrible conditions he endured at Long Kesh yet because he was a member of The Irish Republican Army according to Father Faul this disqualified him from freedom of speech. Think of it U11II1111111111111 I 111111111 111 111 1111 1111S IB i 11P f 1111111U11111111 11111111111 11111111 LI 1 IRISH NORTHERN AID DANCE ( WOODLAWN UNIT, 1 SATURDAY, NOV. 16th at St. Barnabas Elem. School Cafeteria 240 St. McLean Ave., Bronx 5 Music by Joe Madden and his band and featuring direct from Ireland, one of Ireland's most popular groups- I The Bards I Dancing from 9 p.m.-2 a.m. Free beer set-ups Donation 6.00 Bring jour own bottle 1 For information: E S Qajj 994.4538 or 994-3079 v 5 ?8BIII8Bflll lfillIIIII lllllB IIIIIllll lltlBIIII lll llIllIlitlllIIIII lillllI IIIIHI IIIIIII iIllllT Hunger Strike Protest Continued from Page 1 Mr. Corrigan said: He asked me to plead with you to stand behind them so that Long Kesh and all its terrible, repressive, barbaric associations are wiped out, and so that he and Gerard Coney's other comrades will be set free. You will honour Gerard Coney's memory best by ensuring the release of his comrades and the achievement of the ideals for which he suffered imprisonment, rjpression, inhumanity, and for which *ie was finally murdered by the British soldiers, he went on. I ask you to band together as never before so that this will be the last coffin to come out of Long Kesh. Mr. Corrigan said that some people had advocated massive prison escapes. Only the men behind the wire have the right to make such a dangerous decision. We, however, have an obligation to back their decision to the hilt, Mr. Corrigan said. I think no man should ask someone else to do what he is not prepared to do himself. The obligation is not on the internees but on the people outside. We have an obligation to destroy Long Kesh. We owe that to Gerard Coney and his many comrades who have made the supreme sacrifice for Ireland. Twenty-four-year-old Mr. Coney was one of the 32 Long Kesh internees who escaped from the prison by crawling through a 195ft. tunnel. He was shot soon after getting out of the prison. The three Republican detainees who escaped from Long Kesh were recaptured that night -- after just 20 hours of freedom. And, in what they called a direct reprisal for the fatal shooting of Hugh Coney during the breakout, the Provisional IRA shot dead two British soldiers in the centre of Crossmaglen, Co. Armagh. Elsewhere in the North there were angry protests and demonstrations over the shooting. Widespread rioting took place in Dungannon, and major protest marches in Derry and Belfast brought traffic to a standstill. The three escapees were picked up by an RUC patrol on the edge of the Andersonstown shortly after 10 p.m. An RUC spokesman said a police mobile patrol spotted the three at the Milltown Road, in the Upper Falls. One of the men tried to run off, but was apprehended after a short chase. The three are Edward Maguire (26), Gerard Rice (22), and James Walsh (19), all from the Belfast area. The RUC spokesman said the three were wearing the same clothes in which they made their escape. It is unlikely that the three will be returned immediately to Long Kesh. It seems more likely they will be held for questioning and may possibly be charged with escaping from lawful custody. The two soldiers who dies in Crossmaglen were from the Duke of Edinburgh's regiment. They were on foot patrol in the centre of the village when they were hit by the two bursts of machine gun fire. Three of the soldiers fell and the others dived for cover. Two died a short time later, but the third soldier is not believed to have veen seriously injured. The shooting came just after lunchtime and eye-witnesses said they saw about six men in combat jackets take up positions near the town centre just before the ambush. They were carrying 'ight sub-machine guns and were waiti ig for the foot patrol. After the initial bursts of fire, those soldiers who had gained cover, returned fire and a 15-minute gunbattle ensued. A Saracen armoured car was brought in to remove the soldiers who had been hit and they were airlifted to hospital. The Provisional IRA later claimed responsibility for the attack and in their statement warned that further attacks would be mounted in the area in retaliation for the cold-blooded murder of the Long Kesh internee. In Belfast the city was the scene of several protest marches and hijackings, particularly in the Falls and Springfield Road areas. Buildings in Ann Street were damaged by a 150-lb bomb in a lorry which had been hijacked in Macouley Street in the Market area of the city about 2 o'clock. The Lorry was enroute to the RUC station at Musgrave Street but was stopped at a check point by police. In the Springfield Road area earlier in the day three buses were hi-jacked but were later recovered. A meeting of building workers took place at the City Hall and almost 100 of the staff at Belfast's main post office walked out in protest over the shooting of Mr. Cooney. Hundreds of Queen's University students blocked traffic at Belfast City Hall yesterday when they sat down and held a protest meeting in Bedford Street. A protest march from Belvoir Park to Andersonstown was organised by the Irish Republican Publicity Centre in Belfast. Almost 300 dockers staged a 30-minute protest strike in Derry and traffic in the city centre came to a standstill when the Quayish were blocked by a bus. Earlier 150 workers from factories on the Springtown industrial estate walked a mile to the Fort George army camp and stoood in silence for two minutes outside the main gates. Earlier 12 shots were fired at the Rosemount RUC. station and shots were also fired at checkpoints on Letterkenny Road and the Continued on Page 17 SHAmnOCK imponrs 3150 No. Laramie Chicago, III. 60641 Open 6 days a week, closed Monday If you want something Irish 90 to Shamrock Imports or call (312) 725-9622 Mid-Manhattan Unit I.N.A. New York City Sponsors PRE-THMSGIMG PARTY at Sheehan's Restaurant 93rd Street and 3rd Avenue Sat. Nov, 23 74 9 a.m. until ? Surprise Prizes Entertainment And Music by: Oliver Geraldine Kilmurray and The Mike Ward Trio Donation 3.00 Information catt: 744-7005 Proceeds go to The Oppressed People '. , , in British Occupied Ireland I + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d5cf9d9b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Letters to the Editor Taking Sides' With Britain Two Bishops, Dr. Philibin and Dr. Buchanan have recently asked the people of Ireland to co-operate with what they have euphemistically termed the Security Forces in occupied Ireland. Like appeals were made in Norway and France during World War II. From time to time certain Free State politicians, notably Doctors Conor Cruise O'Brien and FitzGerald also request co-operation with the same so-called security forces in the North from their rather safe havens in Howth and Ballsbridge. A look at the composition of this security force so dear to certain people in high places may not be amiss. Basically what are cosily called the Security Forces consist of the following:: The R.U.C. and their Special Branch, mainly drawn from ex-B Specials; the U.D.R., a sectarian civilian force, para-military by nature, many of its members doubling with extreme Loyalist militants such as the U.V.F., the U.F.F., the Red Hand , the Tartan gangs, etc., the Crown Force of Her Majesty's Army, the more notoriously bigoted and anti Irish regiments being posted to the North, along with S.A.S., M.R.F., M.I.5., M.I., 6, and others -all sinister and underhand agents of the British Army, also black-press Army propagandists (Bishop Tickle too allowed himself to be used) and their side-kicks in Fleet Street and the B.B.C. Coupled with the above are touts, drug-pushers, informers and sleepers, such as the Littlejohns, Wyman and Crinnion in the South. Like it or not this is the Security Force for which certain learned gentlemen would have us conscript Irish Gems November 4,1974 Editor of The Irish People: John Lonergan's literary gems of Irish Wisdom does infuse in an ingenious way, enthusiasm for Ireland and help for solution of the problems. Your paper attracts by the qualities of truthful and sometimes sad current incidents, which continue to tear the hearts of the Irish and other events that give the necessary ingredients for victory. William M. Lonergan Granada Hills, California A Derry Condemnation The Co. Derry Anti-Internment Co-ordinating Committee resents and condemns the political censorship exercised by the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, Dr. Cruise O'Brien, on the journalists of RTE. In a democratic state sovereignty resides with the people. The people have a right to the information necessary for the exercise of their sovereignty at the polls. Suppression of information on the part of an elected official therefore constitutes subversion of the democratic process. It is particularly important that our fellow Irishmen be aware of the real consequences, the privation and suffering, of internees and their families while the crime of internment lasts. As citizens they can then use the peaceful processes of diplomacy and parliamentary action to secure the final elimination of the concentration camp at Long Kesh. On the other hand, ignorance induced in the South, through censorship, will increase the isolation and frustration in the North, with consequent increased violence. It would seem that Dr. O'Brien's actions frequently intensify the conflict he claims to oppose. B. NOONE Glen Road Maghera, Co. Derry the Irish mind. In this light Dr. Cruise O'Brien may find it a little less difficult to understand Senator Mary Robinson's silence. Fr. Denis Faul of Dungannon has been far from being silent. Knowing only too well the duplicity of the British Establishment, he has recently left us in no doubt as to what he thinks of the R.U.C. as a security force ; his remarks make it abundantly clear that this 95 p.c. non-Catholic force secure their own. Of some 160 complaints lodged against members of the R.U.C. for brutality and misconduct not one case of disciplinary action has been forthcoming. Neither have any searches been carried out in safe areas for murder squads, in strange contrast with night and day harassment in West Belfast. This all points to one thing-R.U.C. is but a tool in General King's hand, closing its ears and eyes when it suits the pseudo-gang assassination tactics of Brigadier Frank Kitson. Those who call for co-operation using the Home Office propaganda tag security force call for co-operation with King and Kitson and thereby insult the intelligence of the Irish people. Perhaps Bishops Buchanan and Philbin would care to comment on the source in each of the following: the no-warning anti-civilian bombing of the Abercorn Restaurant and McGurk's Bar; the callous 'Taxi Murders carried out during the reign of Whitelaw; the Dublin Bill Bombs ; the Dublin-Monaghan plastic explosions; the so-called sectarian murders ; the no arrests of those mysterious and invisible murderers; the observation posts -assassination posts uncovered near the homes of Strasbourg witnesses. The Source in all these cases could prove mightly interesting One presumes that learned ecclesiastics heard of Low Intensity Operations in Kenya, Omar and Muscadet. There is nothing ex-cathedra about Irish bishops where taking sides with the Crown Force is concemed-a Catholic bishop once upon a time dined with Major Strickland the very night his native city was burned to the ground by the Security Forces. His people in their own time gave him his answer. Evolution is a slow process and leopards do not change their spots overnight, nor for that matter over fifty or sixty or even a hundred years. Diarmaid 0 Suilleabhain Guaire, Co. Loch Garman. Bistops Misuse Irish People Dear Sir, I feel compelled to comment on the latest warning from Bishop Philbin to the young men of Ireland. It never ceases to bewilder thoughtful Irish people that spiritual leaders can be so devoid of the ordinary' intellectual and emotional drives which inspire other Irishmen and lead them to the primary national problem, the first order of business for every concerned citizen of the nation-the eradication of the chronic evil afflicting our country for so long-England's insistence in dominating the lives of the Irish people. John Mitchel, who, as a Derry Protestant, provides a most striking contrast to Derry's present Bishop Daly, wrote that good government is the most cunning form of government . Yet England in her distain did not show the slightest consideration towards her Irish slaves. Well England knew she didn't have to The humiliations and savagery perpetrated on our people should have been enough to stir them into total rebellion and complete victory long ago, if it hadn't been for-the constant admonition from clerics like Bishop Philbin and Archbishop Troy of Dublin, that the gates of hell waited for those young men who would 'try it out' with their ancient enemy. Troy means nothing in Irish history but Wolfe Tone whom he tried to nickname cut-throat Tone , is honoured every June by the Irish people in their thousands. Yes and even by the present junta of traitors in Leinster House. The mere passage of time does not justify that which was evil in the beginning. The unlawful usurpation of any sod of Ireland and it's later consolidation by thieving settlers, shepherded by English soldiers would have been checked and resolved in 1798 but for the interference of the hierarchy on the side of these British marauders who scoffed at the laws of God and man. The Catholic hierarchy of that day looked on silently, without protest, at this huge infringement of the Fifth and Seventh Commandments of God. Would Bishop Philbin condemn the men who fought in the GPO in Dublin in 1916? After all, Easter Week is as much a part of this generation as the defense of the Bogside, in August, 1969. Or would he dare endorse Archbishop Troy's slander of brave Tone? Would he even associate himself with Bishop Tickle's commendation of the English murderers who left thirteen young Derry men motionless in their own blood? Too long have the bishops misused and manipulated the consciences of the Irish people. Their influence in every aspect of Irish life is paramount and had it been identified with the just, national aspirations of their people could have contributed to the achievement of Irish freedom, centuries ago. These bishops, however, chose to identify with the tormentors of their own flocks. They were not responsible to any Irish authority but themselves and therefore never had to give a reason for their strange teaching that every other nation was justified in fighting for freedom from unlawful foreign domination. But the Irish, they must remain slaves. Bishop Philbin England, France and America fought for their freedom at the cost of great loss of life and THEIR bishops applauded and prayed for their men. If you cannot likewise give spiritual succour and consolation to the fighting men of Ireland, if you cannot preach Christ an Irishman, as Pope John exhorted, then for God's sake, keep your silence. Tnm Ouffey. What The Hell Are Some Of Us Doing? The Editor The Irish People Bronx, New York A Chara: I am still stunned by the closing campaign efforts of the American-Irish political candidates to garnish the Irish votes in New York. Moreover, I am rather surprised at some of the people who endorsed the efforts of candidates who failed to utter one word of behalf of our people in places where it was needed most i.e. debates, T.V. ads, and the regular American news media. Our internees battered in Long Kesh and Crumlin Jail, and living in caveman type conditions. The six counties of 'Occupied Ireland' in a state of riot with people being shot down in the streets, and not one word voiced in America's Fourth Estate by our august American-Irish politicians. Were it not for the fact that I am faced with the reality of living in New York, I would swear that I was taken back in time, and was, in fact, reading Dublin newspapers rather than the American-Irish media. I felt sure that such political bladder in respect to Irish freedom could only come from the likes of Sean Lemass, Bob Brisco, Jack Lynch, Eamon DeValera, and a few more such beauties- Remember 1916 Ireland Unfree Shall Never Be At Peace - Six Divisions, Six Hours, Six Counties - Remember James Connolly . The rhetoric was a little different, and the political names were changed, but it was the same political con job; Let's use the six counties, it's good for a vote. It's what the dumb Irish like to hear, but don't say it too loud . Of all the unmitigated gall, and sacrilegious rhetoric I have ever perused, this use of our oppressed people to con Irish voters is beyond contempt. For Irishmen and Irish women who profess solidarity with our oppressed people to lend their names to politicians who were willing to support the State of Israel and Soviet Jews publicly, but utter no word in the American news media about our bleeding and battered internees is a disgrace to the Irish community. With so many Irish voters involved, this was an opportune moment to force the Irish question into the public arena, and I have to wonder if with the chips down Ireland did not play a secondary role to political patronage and opportunism. To say I am appalled would be the understatement of all time; rather should I get down on my knees, and ask God what Ireland did wrong to deserve such shabby treatment from her own people, and those who claim to have her best interest at heart. Have we been fooled again by promises of help after the fact, but not before? Are we yet so foolish that we will still settle for crumbs when we could have demanded the whole loaf? Have some of our people used their position in the Irish community to endorse candidates whose only credibility comes from rhetoric in places where full exposure to the American public is never achieved? I hope you people are content with your effort, but I would remind you that our internees are still living like dogs, and our people are suffering more brutality than ever. Some of you have attained position in the Irish community because of the present conflict, and only you can answer the question as to whether you have abdicated the principals which should not, and dare not, be placed second to personal gain, or to avoid political embarrassment to public figures. Man does not live on bread alone, and our people in 'Occupied Ireland' can not be expected to continue the struggle unless our support Is both verbal as well as materialistic. We have missed the boat this trip, but let us hope we can learn from it, and press home our voting power in 1975. I suggest that those who have not read 'The McGarrity Papers do so now, and those of us who have could well do with a refresher course on Irish power, and how best to use it. We talk of the sellout of 1921, and Jack Lynch standing idly by. Just what the hell are some of us doing? Noel Malone, Vice President American Irish Repub. Army P.S. If anyone reminds me of Congressional Resolutions; I'll remind them that we are still waiting for positive results, and then I'll ask them: Are the Soviet Jews still waiting for action, and how many Americans read Congressional Records? lt;js the British treat Francis Stagg, what an outcry from the Labour Party we could expect on the question of human rights. Is it not time the British Labour Military Rule The British Foreign Secretary, Mr. A. Callaghan is quoted as stating We should not remain silent on issues of human rights and political freedom. We will speak and act wherever, and whenever, we think it to be right. It is not difficult to credit that Mr. Callaghan personally would hesitate to remain silent when such issues are raised. We recall his warm humanity and the deftness which marked his visits to Belfast and Derry pre-1970. But how are we to reconcile his statement with the present policy of the British Labour Party in Government? This government reputedly the champion of the oppressed, the standard bearer of democracy, dedicated to justice and Freedom; this government maintains the Tory policy of internment in the N.E. of Ireland-even compounds it with torture and terrorism. The British Government inveighs against military govemment-but submits to it in N.E. Ireland If a prisoner (political or criminal) in another country (not, of course, large or powerful) were to be treated THE IRISH PE PLE Dx foolv Ite Foots tV Ki.f ltd Us Our ftfli* 0c W White IrtLwd Hdds IVtt iltm *t*c Uafttt W gt;ti v,p k U Ptxt P* X fuu Published Weekly By THE IRISH PEOPLE, INC. 2705 Bainbridge Ave. Suite 32 Bronx, New York 10458 BUSINESS PHONE 212-365-2999 HOURS: 10 AM - 4 PM 8 PM - 10 PM Serving The Entire United States, Canada, And Ireland Owner and Publisher: THE IRISH PEOPLE, INC. Entered as second class matter on August 1973, at The Bronx Main Post Office, Bronx, New York. Annual subscription 8.00 in the United States. 10.00 in Canada and 12.00 in all other countries. 2? CI H X rn C/ gt; X -o m O -u CD 3 cr CD 0 gt; CO Party examined its conscience? EAMONN OhEOCHAIDH, 44 Pairc Chluain Tore, Baile Atha. Cliagh 11. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6f9614729 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +a a gt; LU J CL o LU CL X C0 UJ X t CD 2 E gt; o Z New Ulster Riot Control Gas Worries Experts The new riot control chemical, UK, is on general supply to troops in Ulster and may be used at any time, it was disclosed yesterday. The chemical, which can be used from spray cans, is intended to cause acute irritation to the skin, eyes, nose and throat. It replaces the widely-used CS gas and has a much greater discomfort factor. Officially it has never been used on the public anywhere in the world, but tests on rabbits in the US show that high concentrations can seriously damage the eyes. Some of the results of the tests are still classified, and the Army's move is bound to raise demands for this information to be published. The Ministry of Defence said yesterday that CR would be used in Ulster only in certain special circumstances -serious riot situations. The ministry's view has always been that CR is no more toxic than CS. The reason for the change is that CS dispelled as a gas-is indiscriminate and the security forces have been accused of gassing people, sometimes in their homes, by exploding too many canisters. CR can be dissolved in a liquid for spraying or in a kind of jelly to make foam riot barriers. The Army can dispel the new chemical from water cannon or from what is known as a Self-Protection Aid Device, a small canister carried by a soldier which works like a water-pistol. The concentration of the agent in these two devices is small; one part in 2,000 (for the spray can) and one part in 40,000 for the water cannon. It can also be dispensed as a gas. Some scientists and doctors are concerned about the possible long-term effects of CR. The Himsworth Committee, which reported on the medical effects of CS gas in 1969 and 1971, recommended that the results of research on any future agent should be freely available to scientists outside government departments. Many scientists feel that this recommendation has not been complied with. The Ministry of Defence, however, claims that it has. It says that tests done in the US and at the Ministry's chemical and biological warfare centre at Porton Down, Wiltshire, have provided the necessary answers. Unlike CS, the new agent has high chemical stability and might form highly reactive and poisonous substances in the course of passage through the body. Experts say these should be long-term tests after severe exposure to CR. CR was approved by the Defence Ministry in November last year, but until two weeks ago it was authorised only for use at the Maze Internment camp which was burnt down on October 15. During the riot at the camp prisoners, used to the effects of CS, claimed that a new agent was used on them. They say it was more irritating to the eyes and had a paralysing effect. The Army denies that it has used CR yet. The Leading Irish Steak House in the Bronx AGO0DPLACETOTAKETHE FAMILY 14 West Fordham Road, Bronx (Just Off Jerome Avenue) FEATURING SIZZLING STEAKS, CHOPS AND BURGERS ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY thru SUNDAY Dining Room Open Till 2 a.m. YOUR HOST: JOE CORNYN FO 4-9824 British Terror Tactics In Nationalist Areas POWER VACUUM IN NORTH The political vacuum in the Six Counties of Northern Ireland continues to grow and the terrible thing about it is that it cannot be filled while the present state of affairs continues. On the one hand a war situation exists between the I.R.A. and the British Army. Arising from this, the latter, in the manner of ail occupying armies the world over, are engaged in a brutal campaign of harassment against the Nationalist population. This has the classic objective of all such campaigns, which is to detach support from the guerilla army by means of terror. History should have told Britain by now (provided of course, that the thick Saxon mentality is capable of absorbing the lesson of history) that such terror tactics invariably achieve the contrary result. There is an additional factor in this war of liberation which is unique, and also sinister. It is the Loyalist part of the equation. By that is meant, the Loyalist para-military groups and their accomplices in the British S.A.S., who are engaged in sectarian assassinations of innocent Catholic members of the population. If the Nationalist areas were not subjected to the saturation tactics and harassment of the British Army, the I.R.A. would be quite capable of dealing with these Loyalist thugs who shoot old men and children from speeding cars, and disappear into the safety of the Shankill, Sandy Row and Rathcoole areas. BRITAIN TRIES TO JUSTIFY ROLE OF PEACEMAKER Britain's Harold Wilson and Merlyn Rees, ably abetted by the Southern Irish Government assert that the British military presence in Ireland is necessary to prevent a Civil War. The tactics * of the British Army of constant harassment of the Nationalist areas and leaving the way clear for the sectarian murder gangs to do their work, is a sure recipe for the Civil War which they claim they are trying to prevent. So far, the I.R.A. has refrained from retaliation. Britain would like it to retaliate, and thus justify her role as alleged peacemaker to world opinion. However, as the only protector of the Nationalist population against both the British Army and the Loyalist murder gangs, the I.R.A. has a specific role to play and is deeply conscious of the feelings of the people it defends. If the sectarian murder gangs push their luck too far, they may well find that they have invited a retribution they will not relish. In the meantime the fight in Occupied Ireland is costing England so much in menand money, that she will have to give up this last desperate attempt of hers to get the nationalist people to accept peace at any price. Her stark naked terror of civilians such as in Kenya, Aden and as advised by Kitson will not pay off in Ireland. Fordham Radio Station Irish News And Comment Every Sunday 1:30 Afternoon Tom Duffy wfuv 90.7 F.M. 1 A T SUPBQKT WSH NCRlfc RM AID k T United States Representatives for I.N.A. McCarthy Mike Flannery Matt Higgins Jack tmm gt; A SEND A DONATION TODAY TO f IRISH NORTHERN AID 273 E. 194TH ST BRONX, NEW YORK 10458 A T Name Address Enclosed please find A *5 10 25 50 y AOH Concert Nov 22 Hyde Park, TV. Y. Division 6, Ancient Order of Hibernians in America, New Hyde Park, N.Y. will present a concert and afterglow by the Glee Club of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick on Friday evening, November 22, 1974. The concert will be held at the Knights of Columbus Clubrooms, New Hyde Park, starting at 8:30 P.M. Jimmy Erwin's Irish Dancers will also perform. Tickets are 5.00 per person. For further information and reservations, call 516-437-4757 before 6 P.M. and 516-742-5464 after 6 P.M. wish Northern Aid Sunnyside Unit, N. York 1st Jimmy Steele iCommemoratiom Dance will be held at Geo. W. Hudson K. of C. 49th St. Queens Blvd. on Saturday November 16th 9 p.m. to 1:OOa.m. Top Irish-American Music and Entertainment Donation 5.00 Chairman: John McMorrow Co-Chairmen Pat McParland, Frank Fee Curfew Illegal' Northern Secretary of State Mr. Merlyn Rees-accused of a massive cover-up of the numbers injured in Long Kesh rioting-was also charged with allowing British troops impose an unofficial curfew in the Falls area of Belfast, during which over 250 people were detained for screening. The executive of the North's Republican Clubs demanded yesterday that doctors who had treated men injured in prison disturbances release details of their wounds. Mr. Jim Sullivan, who represents some 120 men detained in Long Kesh, wants the prisoners to be allowed to state which representative will visit them, rather than be forced to accept visits from Assemblymen chosen by Mr. Rees, but who in many cases advocate policies being rejected by the inmates. He is also demanding the Governor of Long Kesh, Mr. Robert Truesdale, whom he accuses of being a sadist, be removed from office. On Thursday night British soldiers in the Falls were lifting everyone over the age of 14 and holding them for hours, the conference was told. Attempts are being made to impose unofficial curfews in the Falls, Ardoyne and New Lodge, said Mr. Seamus Lynch, a member of the executive, which also charges the army with failing to meet the legal requirements about notifying relatives if someone is injured or moved from one police or army base to another. Mr. Sullivan disputed claims from some loyalist groups that Protestant prisoners in Long Kesh did not support republicans in the burning of buildings. The 'Red Hand Commandos' engaged in burning huts in concert with republican prisoners, he said. The Republican Clubs named Hugh Walsh as being in danger of losing the sight in one eye, and to have had three teeth lodged in the roof of his mouth after having a gas canister fired at point-blank range in his face. It was, they said, three hours before he received hospital treatment. They said three prisoners were treated for injuries caused when barbed-wire strands were lodged round the necks of prisoners trying to escape the inslaught of the British troops. Total known cases treated at the Royal Victoria Hospital was 70 with more arriving as late as midnight on Wednesday. They also understood 109 men were treated in Musgrave Park Hospital, and that three cases were flown for specialised treatment to Altnaqelvin Hospital, Derry. rFLOOR SCRAPING AND REFINISHING EXPERT I WORKMANSHIP CALL ANYTIME 'X P John Cooper 212-881-5168' J j Jim O'Gara 212-367-7128J New Books On Ireland FREEDOM STRUGGLE 1 By The Provisional IRA EIRE NUA By Ruairi 0 Bradaigh 150 100 ULSTER 100 POSTAGE 50t EXTRA FOR 2 BOOKS WRITE: THE IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE 273 E. 194th ST., BRONX, NEW YORK 10458 J + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a5945a436 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +I Will Investors Ever Again Trust Dublin? DUBLIN-Europe's biggest zinc and lead mine, located at Navan in Eire's County Meath, is lying idle. The Canadian and European investors who own it cannot raise the money they need to work it, because the Irish government has not granted them a lease. Although the mine would constitute the biggest industrial investment ever made in Eire, where jobs are scarce, the government has spent almost four years weighing the application for a permit to work the deposit. It recently set forth the terms on which it would grant the lease, terms which the mining company promptly spurned as grievously onerous and unreasonable, not to mention illegal. All Dublin wants is half the equity for a song, and the right to take four-fifths of the gross profits. The tribulations of Tara Exploration Development Ltd., which owns the 77-million-ton lead-zinc deposit at Navan, illustrate the difficulties which hard-rock miners today face worldwide. From British Columbia to Australia via Norway and Morocco, governments have taken to aping OPEC. Ignoring the difference between the highly volatile base metals market and the rigged oil market, these governments are writing mining leases that are tantamount to expropriation in the best Arab manner. MINISTER SUED The Irish case perhaps is unusual in that the Socialist Minister involved has displayed such a degree of arbitrariness that he is being sued in the courts for unconstitutional acts. In other ways, though, it is typical enough to serve as a test case. By trying to go too far, the Irish government is demonstrating experimentally, as it were, at what point mining investors balk. Not only is the Navan deposit lying unworked, but also Ireland's mining industry as a whole is grinding to a halt. Prospecting has virtually stopped. Plans for a mineral-processing plant have been abandoned. Foreign investors are withdrawing, and the oil companies have indicated that on terms like these, they couldn't care less what lies beneath the Irish Sea. The Irish mining industry is a recent creation. Liberal mining laws, enacted by Conservative governments, attracted enterprising Irish-Canadian prospectors to the Isle in the 'Sixties. When they struck it rich, they were followed by the international mining majors. Some 130 million was spent on prospecting over the past decade. It turned up enough lead, zinc, copper and silver to make concentrates a leading Irish export. By last year, 1,000 licenses were held by prospectors using the latest geochenrical and electronic techniques to locate that proverbial crock o' gold hidden under the Ould Sod. Four Irish mines currently are in production. Avoca Mines, controlled by Discovery Mines of Canada, operates in County Wicklow. Silvermines, which is 75 -owned by International Mogul, raises lead and zinc in Tipperary. Northgate Exploration, a Canadian concern listed on the NYSE, mines lead-zinc at Tynagh in Galway and copper at Gortdrum, Tipperary. All those discoveries were dwarfed by the rich ore body located at Navan, not 100 miles from Dublin, by Tara, an Irish-Canadian company closely associated with Northgate. UNSUCCESSFUL BID Tara's shares are listed in Toronto and London. From 50 cents before the Navan strike, they zoomed to 29 earlier this year, during an unsuccessful takeover bid by British and Canadian interests. After the bid, Tara's ownership was divided between Cominco of Vancouver, which holds 17 , Charter Consolidated of London with 14 , Canada's Noranda Mines with 19 , and Northgate and the Irish directors, who hold about 40 . When the dispute erupted with .ublin over a lease, trading in the stock was briefly suspended. The shares currently trade around 14. The mines* at Tynagh, Silvermines and Gortdrum were opened up under the favorable legislation passed in 1956. Then in 1967, additional incentives were offered, notably, the promise of a 20-year tax holiday for any mine that went into production before 1986. Feverish prospecting activity ensued, culminating in the discovery at Navan in November 1970. Dublin gave Tara firm undertakings that a suitable lease would be granted, so the company went ahead with development. It sank 25 million at the site and planned to spend all told almost 100 million to bring the mine into production by next year. The project was to raise 2.5'million tons of ore a year, yielding 470,000 tons of concentrates. At current prices, they would be worth about 100 million, or 1.5 of Eire's gross national product. Canadian banks, led by the Toronto Dominion Bank, stood ready to provide senior financing once the lease was official. REPLACED BY COALITION Things started to go wrong with the Irish elections of February 1973. After 16 years in office, the Conservatives were ousted by a coalition of the Fine Gael and the Labour Party. A Labour politician, Justin Keating, took over the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, which controls mining. Suddenly in September 1973, without consultation or warning, Mr. Keating abolished the 20-year tax holiday that had attracted mining capital to Ireland. This reversal did so much damage to Eire's reputation for fair dealing that the Prime Minister, Liam Cosgrave, issued repeated assurances that taxation would be reasonable and in line with that of other countries. That had a consequence the Irish nationalists had not foreseen. Since Irish mining-shares had slumped when the tax-break ended, and the government now was promising that taxation would be no worse than in other lands, foreign mining giants moved in. Their target was Tara and its rich Navan'ore body, Cominco, which belongs to the Canadian Pacific group, and Charter Consolidated, controlled by the powerful Anglo American Corp., in February 1974 bid 25 apiece for Tara shares. Many Irish stockholders sold out, and the Irish directors could only fight off the bid by enlisting the aid of Noranda Mines. The bid failed, but 51 of Tara stock passed under foreign control. In the process, it was demonstrated that the mining world valued Tara at well over 160 million. Under its new owners, Tara pressed ahead with development work at Navan. It completed a 1,000-foot access shaft and a 4,000-foot service ramp, and started work on the concentrator complex. Then, in order to clinch its financing arrangements, it asked the government for the promised lease. On July 8, Mr. Keating unveiled his modest proposals. He wanted 49 of the equity, of which 25 would be paid for by issue of the lease and 24 in cash. But the sum he had in mind was 9.6 million. Thus, the government would pay 9.6 million for 49 of a company which the market had just valued at over 160 million. Viewed another way, it was offering 2.50 for shares which Cominco and Charter Consolidated had offered (and paid) 25. UNIQUELY EXORBITANT There was more. The government would charge royalties on a scale that would jslide from 4 to 20 , as maximum production was attained. Moreover, it would take 50 of the profits as corporate tax. A simple calculation shows that far from being comparable with the government take in other countries, these levies were uniquely exorbitant. Out of every 100 of gross profits, the Irish government would take 20 in royalty, plus 40 In profits tax (50 of the remaining 80). Then, as shareholder, it would get 19.60, which is 49 of the net profits of 40 after tax. In all, its take would run to - 79.60. If it levied royalty at the ' more moderate rate of 15 , it would still claim 78.70 out of every 100 of operating profit. That would compare with a total government take from 100 of mining revenues of 40 in Italy, 47.70 in Canada, 48 in the U.S., and 56.20 in Socialist Norway. Moreover, it compared with only 10 that prospectors were told they would have to pay when they first went to Eire in quest of minerals a gasfield off Cork, in a region, moreover, where many bore holes have been failures. The Confederation of Irish Industries concludes: The government must therefore present a package of terms which will be more attractive (not less) than those available off other Northwestern European shores at the present time. By trying to impose in advance the few years ago. Granted that promises sortuof fms NorwaY could get away with after major oil discoveries, 0 gt;i *.* ****** , of a tax holiday had been forgotten with the change in government, the present Irish administration seemed to be overlooking its commitment to impose comparable mining taxes and to issue Tara an acceptable lease. Accordingly, the company rejected the terms it was offered and started long, and so far fruitless, negotiations for a better deal. Meantime, in the absence of a lease, financing could not be arranged and there was no cash to proceed with development of the mine. So on August 16, it was put on a care and maintenance basis, and most workers were laid off. Having been advised by legal counsel that the Minister's demand for 49 of its equity at bargain prices was unconstitutional, Tara sued him before the High Court. It asked for a court order compelling the Minister to issue a mining lease on reasonable terms. Into the bargain, it sought damages, which could run to 72 million, to compensate it for the long wait for a mining lease. NO CONFIDENCE MOTION That was quite enough to bring the Tara brouhaha into the foreground of turbulent Irish politics (the Cosgrave government now faces a motion of no confidence ). Exploiting the now-familiar rhetoric of natural-resources demagogy, the Labour Minister has won the vociferous support of conservationalists and leftists. Dublin is plastered with Sinn Fein signs, Nationalize Tar l Ireland's wealth for the Irish people As sometimes happens when Celtic eloquence gets free rein, the mere facts are lost to sight. The way they tell it in the pubs along O'Connel Street, the Navan deposit is really worth two billion Irish pounds ( 4.8 billion), whereas at today's prices, a few hundred million dollars would be nearer the mark. The Minister is credited with defending this national treasure from foreign freebooters. On the contrary, Mr. Keating has -been trying to enlist the support of the foreign shareholders in Tara to oust the Irish group that exerts control. In September, he pressingly invited Cominco, Charter Consolidated and Noranda to meet . him in Dublin. His idea was that since they owned 51 of the stock, they could join forces, overthrow the Irish directors and then come to terms with him for a lease. When Noranda flatly refused to attend any meeting in the absence of the Irish directors, the scheme for a palace revolution fell through. In demanding a carried interest in the Navan mine, Mr. Keating says he is following the pattern Norway has set in fixing terms for North Sea oil permits. Indeed, the Irish Labour Party would like to set up a state minerals authority modelled on Norway's Statoil, which would own the 49 stake in Navan and a similar carried interest in all future mining leases and offshore oil permits. A batch of 20-25 exploration blocks on Ireland continental shelf is to be put up for bids before the end of the year, and the oil companies will probably be asked to accept the terms being proposed to Tara. MAY OVERPLAY HAND If so, Dublin might well be overplaying its hand. Although many Irishmen credit their offshore waters with wealth equal to that of the North Sea, geologists point out that the sea bed is mostly solid rock, without promise of oil or gas. The only waters likely to cover hydrocarbons are 650-1,000 feet deep, and thus beyond the range of today's technology. So far the only DwiHon g pf-jiydrocarbons is;a ;small Dublin is out-Heroding Herod. In any case, oil companies can afford to take certain risks as long as OPEC succeeds in keeping the price of crude around 10 a barrel. Hard-rock miners, in contrast, are looking for metals, the price of which fluctuates wildly. Right now, base metal quotations are falling sharply, endangering the future of all marginal Irish mines. By choosing this moment to force through Draconian terms, and to renege on official undertakings, Dublin risks killing an industry that was juststirring to life. COULD FACE SHUTDOWN Already Avoca Mines, hit by the crash in copper prices, has retrenched on half its workforce and could face closure. Irish mines are barely profitable; anyhow they will be worked out within the decade. If the industry is to survive, more mines will have to be found, by keeping up the pace of exploration and by using the expertise and equipment drawn to Eire during the minerals boom. Yet by the -j since the terms for the Navan lease X were made public, all prospecting has , ceased. Investor-owned companies 2 cannot agree to risk millions of dollars in the uncertain quest for minerals if they know they will be despoiled of 80 of whatever they find. The problem goes well beyond Ireland's shores. It concerns all those Jjp governments which presume that they S can copy OPEC, if they have any jjj. natural resources to sell. The point is best made this month Association for Economic Geology, a group of Irish geologists who have eg drawn the lessons of Dublin's recent gt; ventures into natural-resources bluff: The mines of the future will be at greater depth and will give very little, if indeed any, surface response. The exploration programs required to find such deposits will be intensive and . long-term and will, therefore, involve much greater expenditure. They will require a solid fiscal and legal framework. Because of their long-term nature, they will require guarantees that the ground rules, once established, will not be changed. The courts now must decide whether, in Tara's case, the rules were changed unconstitutionally. Whatever the upshot, Tara is condemned to go ahead, because it has sunk so much money in its mine on the strength of official promises. What is at stake is whether investors ever again will be willing to place their trust in Dublin's word. John McGowan Memorial Previously this newspaper announced that the Miltown Malbay Social Club will hold a fund-raising benefit at Gaelic Park Casino in December for the purpose of erecting a perpetual memorial to the life and work of John McGowan. It is now known that the dance will be held at the Casino on the evening of December 21, a Saturday.* To direct the dance and fund-raising drive, the Club has organized the John McGowan Memorial Committee as follows: Co-Chairmen: John O'Malley, 933-7476; Danny McMahon TA-2-2470 President: Michael Frawley, 884-0261 Treasurer: Jay Crawford FA-5-8877 Secretary: .Mary McCarthy FA-5-5162 Publicity Director: Sean Frawley (914) 271-5936 The appeal for contributions and donations by the Committee for the- John McGowan Memorial should be viewed by all who knew him, by all who benefited from his tireless efforts in their behalf, as an excellent opportunity to say Thank you, and to help continue the spirit of his work. All donations, all contributions, should be made payable to a special fund formed by the Memorial Committee as follows: The John McGowan Memorial Fund Jay Crawford, Treasurer 4151 Monticello Avenue Bronx, New York 10466 All inquiries in regard to the Memorial Fund or the dance should be directed to any of the Committee members listed above. MIKE GORMAN'S BAR and GRILL If you want the best In music, company and drink-we have it. 204th Street and Webster Avenue Bronx, New York Come and make yourself at home in an Irish bar IT Ancient Order Of Hibernians Division 41 ANNUAL HARVEST BALL I AT St. Joseph By The Sea High School 5150 Hylan Blvd. Huguenot, Staten Island, New York I FEATURING PADDY NOONAN'S BAND ON SATURDAY NOV. 23rd i AT 9 P.M. DONATION 6 SET-UPS AVAILABLE evn L FOR INFORMATION CALL OR rtffr ffi a *. (212) 984-6209 (212) 356-4370 , + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..30bd7c8a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +00 LU -J 0. O LU O. C CO Inquiry Into Death Of Internee Sought n . L Jema ds 4 Remembrance British Secretary LU X o E gt; O The shooting of Hugh Coney has brought varying reaction in the North ranging from a call by the Civil Rights Association for the arrest of Mr. Rees, the Northern. Secretary, to a demand for a full independent inquiry by the Bishop of Derry, Most Rev. Edward Daly. The Bishop of Derry, Dr. Daly, demanded a full and independent inquiry into the killing of Hugh Coney, who was shot dead while attempting to escape from Long Kesh. Extending his sympathy to the man's family, Dr. Daly said: I have asked that prayers be offered for the repose of his soul at all Masses in the city this evening. I am also asking that prayers be offered at these Masses for the ending of internment without trial. TRIBUNAL I demand a full, independent inquiry into this latest killing. As long as internment continues and Long Kesh continues to exist in its present form the agony of the North will only get worse. Once again I appeal for an immediate ending of internment without trial. Mr. Oliver Napier, Alliance Party leader, said in a statement that each incident of this nature reinforces the argument for the establishment of an 'independent tribunal,' to investigate incidents of public controversy on this kind. He said he would be asking Mr. Rees to instruct the present, government inquiry set up to investigate the Maze disturbances of last month, to include in its terms of reference the events of Tuesday night. The Civil Rights Association in their statement said that Mr. Rees ought to be arrested on a charge of murder because as the British Government Minister responsible for Northern Ireland, he bears the responsibility for the behaviour of his troops. The Association described the death of Mr. Coney as cold-blooded murder. The statement also said that Mr. Coney had spent two years and four months of the last three years of his life in prison for doing nothing. They say he. was arrested at the beginning of 1972 and held in Crumlin Road Jail for one year. He was then released but was re-arrested in June, 1973, and detained. E ( StosS Gulf Tankers Expected To Return To Irish Ports DUBLIN-Two giant oil tankers ordered out of Irish territorial waters Tuesday night because the government here feared a possible collision in Bantry Bay, Cork, are now expected to return today to unload their crude at the Gulf Oil Corp.'s Whiddy Island transshipment and oil storage terminal. Flor Crowley, an opposition member of Parliament for the Cork region, charged that Peter Barry, the minister for transport and power, had overreacted in his decision to instruct the VLCC tankers to leave the area. Mr. Crowley, in a statement, said that all experts recognized that Bantry Bay was absolutely safe for the anchorage of five large tankers at the same time. When one considered that 50 per cent of the business at Bantry Bay was by charter, it is not good enough to order ships to steam around indefinitely. Mr. Barry's instruction to the two supertankers to quit the bay area came after he had made a helicopter tour of the coastal region around the Gulf oil terminal following last weekend's major oil spillage when another tanker was taking on crude REILLf BAR AND GRILL 1776 East Tremont Ave Bronx, N.York, N.Y. TA-2-9335 Compliments of John Reilly for Spain. It appears that the government, ,and specifically Mr. Barry's own ministry, were not aware that five giant tankers were in Bantry Bay, the location of the Gulf terminal, at the same time. This, the minister has since said, was in contravention of an understanding reached with the company. The minister reported to the cabinet that he feared a possible collision between two or more of the tankers, although there are unconfirmed reports from Bantry that Mr. Barry himself had refused to implement a recommendation last weekend by one of his own senior officials asking that all ships be ordered out of the area and that operations at the terminal should cease pending a detailed investigation into the oil spill. Work was continuing on Thursday in clearing up the spillage, and Gulf Oil has already indicated that it will meet in full all legitimate claims for compensation. The company will also give its own definitive estimate of the full extent of the spill. AWAITING REPORT The government is awaiting its report on the incident, and officials claim that provisional findings suggest that it occurred through a faulty valve on the tanker Universe Leader loading at the terminal. The spillage, according to current official estimates, may have exceeded some 600,000 gallons. The government meanwhile, has now decided, following this latest oil spill, to establish a port authority or other supervisory board for Bantry, one of Europe's largest deepwater ports. John McGowan Memorial Fund Sponsored MILTOWN MALBAY SOCIAL CLUB, fe y Held in conjunction with a dance at forK GAELIC PARK, 240th St Broadway, N.Y.C. Saturday, December 21st, 1974 For the purpose of erecting a living perpetual memorial in honor of this outstanding American and Irishman, in his native Miltown Malbay, Co. Clare. Any donations would be greatly appreciated and acknowledged. Make checks payable to John McGowan Memorial fund and mail in c/o J. Crawford, 4151 Monticello Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10466. Tel: 325-8877. For further information, phone any of the below: Pres. Michael Frawley, 884-0261 Co-Chairmen John O'Malley, 933-7476; Danny McMahon, 822-2470 The following is a press statement issued by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) through its American Representative: The National Association for Irish Freedom (NAIF). In a statement issued today (November 6, 1974) the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association has called for the immediate arrest of Merlyn Rees on a charge of murder. As the Minister responsible for Northern Ireland, he bears the responsibility for the behavior of his troops. In cold-bloodedly murdering Hugh Gerard Coney, 24, an internee in Long Kesh, Mr. Rees has declared open season on all internees. While the British people eulogized their soldiers for escaping from Nazi concentrations camps in the last war, thirty years later British soldiers gunned down an innocent man who tried to do exactly the same thing. In our opinion, it is the express duty of any internee who has been unjustly imprisoned without charge or trial to attempt to escape. Hugh Coney has spent two years and four months of the last three years of his Jife imprisoned for doing nothing. In January, 1972 he was arrested and kept in the Crumlin Road Jail for one year. He was released with no charges preferred. In June, 1973 he was interned, but not before being badly beaten by the Royal Ulster Constabulary in the Omagh RUC station. According to our sources the figures for the people injured have been grossly underestimated by the Northern Ireland government. There may be as many as 100 men injured in the aftermath-mainly from Belfast. The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association has contacted international organizations asking them to protest this murder. NICRA says that it is obvious that the British government has added Interment without charge or trial to its policy of Internment without charge or trial. The National Association for Irish Freedom joins in this call for the arrest of Merlyn Rees. In addition, we ask that all people write their local Congressman and Senators to demand that they call for an immediate end to the policy of Internment without charge or trial being practiced by the government of Great Britain. BAR MAIDS Irish born Bar maids Experience not necessary will train. . NOLAN'S SLIGO HOUSE South Amboy, N.J. Living accommodations available if required. Jimmie Steele Seamus, James, Jimmie. His name in all it's forms is a close description of the man. Dedicated to the ideal of Gaelic culture and language. Stern and unyielding in his patriotism. Fun-loving and friendly he was quietly religious, compassionate and charitable. Jimmie's life story would fill several volumes, so this is but a brief sketch. He was a member of Fianna na hEireann in the New Lodge Road area of Belfast towards the end of the Black and Tan War and during the several years of the terror-program against the abandoned nationalist minority in the six Northern counties. As a member of the IRA in the mid-twenties he worked unceasingly to rebuild the IRA in Nationalist Belfast. In his youth and early manhood he was already something of a legend in his home area. During the constant raids and arrests his public defiance and courage were outstanding. Seized in a round up in ,1934, his prison fight, twenty years in all, began. He spent a year or so in prison at that time, and later in 1936, he with Billy Mulholland from Old Park Road, and myself, were detained for three months in Crumlin Road Prison. In 1937 a meeting of the BattJion Staff of which he was Adjutant was raided by the Special Branch and police. Battlion Staff with one exception were arrested. The exception was later tried, found guilty and shot as an informer. Receiving long terms of penal servitude, they spent months in solitary confinement, naked, on bread and water, plus periods of hunger strfke to back their demands for political treatment. During a peaceful period in the prison, he and Hugh Mc Ateer of Derry and two others went over the wall one morning. The wartime black-out covering their escape, they made their way on foot to my parents' home, and were supplied with food and clothing while contact was made with the IRA. My parents are both dead, and safe from British vengeance. For the next three months, at the height of the 'Rourties campaign, Jimmie was now a National leader in the IRA. The intense man-hunt to recapture him was recognition by the enemy of the importance of his leadership, and finally he was arrested by a huge raiding party in the New Lodge area and taken back to Crumin Road prison, being the last political prisoner to go free in 1947. Immediately upon release, he brought together the remnants of the Belfast Battalion and the rebuilding began anew. Lack of public support shortened the IRA efforts in the mid-fifties and towards the end Jimmie was again in prison. Released again in 1958 when support for the IRA was all but dead in Ireland, he succeeded in holding together the greatly reduced numbers of the IRA in Belfast. Concentrating on the National Graves Association, organizing Easter Week Commemorations and IRA reunions, writing and publishing IRA booklets, songs and poems he was the main force that kept the Republican M6vement alive in the North. During the next nine or ten years he came into conflict with the IRA leadership, publically denouncing what he considered their betrayel of the principles of the IRA and subverting it into extreme left political activities with Communist Party connection. He was abruptly dismissed from the IRA. Shortly afterwards the division occurred that led to the formation of the Provisional IRA, with Jimmie among the top leadership. He died of a heart attack in August 9th, 1970. Jimmie and Anna Crawford, boy and girlhood sweethearts married in their early Fourties. A son was born to them who they named Colm, a wonderful crowing reward for the trials of the past. Colm was nine years when he was killed by a hit and run driver a few yards from his home. From Jimmie's letter: 28 Condara Street, Belfast, 25/12/61 You will understand how Anna and I feel about this awful tragedy that has befallen us. It is too tragic to express in words and our hearts are so sore with pain and grief of our loss. Even yet we cannot realize that Colm has gone from us. He was such a comfort and joy to us, so lively and full of fun, singing from morning till night or reciting poems. It is a heavy cross we are asked to bear this time-yet we know that God must have some good reason for taking him back from us so soon- For the remainder of his life, summer or winter, Jimmie daily visited his son's graveside. They rest together now. Anna remains at home, strong and reliant, with her memories. Memories that are sweet, yet perhaps sometimes bitter. Our hearts are with her particularly at Christmas time. Her address is still 28 Clondara Street, Belfast. SEAMUS UACRUAIDLAOIC JAMES THE WARRIOR OF STEEL His life and ideals enshrine him as the embodiment of the Fianna slogan 'Truth on our lips, strength in our arms, purity in our hearts. GOD REST HIM WELL. I Call collect 201-727-0263 between 9-10 e.m. and after 8 p.m. Monday through Thursday. REMEMBER PETER CASSIDY Murdered by the Free State Gov. in Kilmainham on November 17,1922. BY: C. Mc L. J TOM GIBBONS FUNERAL DIRECTOR CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Specializing in the shipment ot human remains to and from Europe, Canada, and the United States. 848-7400 DURTY NELLY'S 119-123 WEST KINGSBRIDGE ROAD . (Between University and Webb Avenues) WEDNESDAY PAT O'HARA and RAY WICHAM THURSDAY JOE NELLANY and JERRY FINLEY FRIDAY JOE NELLANY and THE SLIGO ACES SATURDAY SPECIAL GUEST ARTIST SUNDAY THE GREEN ISLE GROUP TUESDAY IRISH TRADITIONAL COMING NOV. 26 ANNA Mc GOLDRICK DIRECT FROM IRELAND Reservations accepted: 549*9757 Your hosts: Pat Wynne and Phil Delaney PARTY Sponsored By Irish Northern Aid To Defray Expenses for Christmas Party for the Children in Northern Ireland. Your Donation Will Help to Relieve Their Suffering During the I Christmas Season. To Be Held At The Sunnjside Pub 1345 46th Street, Queens, New Yorkl FRIDAY, NOV. 22, 19741 7 O'clock Chairman-BILL GRIMES Co-Chairmen BOB McCANN-JIM GOUGH DONATION 3.00 i t + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8d7c8aef6 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +'I Was Not Ward's Boyfriend The mystery surrounding the private life of convicted mass murderer, Judith Ward, has led to many speculative stories about her friends and contacts during her stay in Ireland. Her claim that she married Michael McVerry, the formerProvisional IRA 0/C in South Armagh, has already been denied by McVerry's parents and the records at the Irish Register Office. And last night, a story that her real boy friends in the Provisional movement was Long Kesh internee Eugene Moore was vehemently denied by him. Mr. Moore, now living with his wife and child in Dundalk, insisted that he had never met Judith Ward and was at no time a member of the Provos. A butcher in a Dundalk supermarket, Mr. Moore (34) was interned during the 1956-62 IRA campaign and was again lifted during the big roundup on August 9, 1971, and Interned in Long Kesh. He was released in April, 1972. During Judith Ward's trial at Wakefield Court it was stated that she had visited him in Long Kesh. But last night he said he had never met anybody fitting her description. This has left me in a terrible predicament. I am in no way in sympathy with what she has done, added Mr. Moore, who said he had not been actively involved with the IRA since 1969. The dealership of both wings will confirm that, he added. Since the trial began his house has been besieged by English reporters. 'They said their sources in the British Special Branch told them I was connected with Judith Ward. I don't know where they got their information. I have asked numerous friends in Dundalk and Newry about Miss Ward but nobody knows anything about her, said Mr. Moore. The Moore family used to make regular visits to his mother and father in Newry but now these have stopped. With these stories flying around there is every possibility that I will be lifted again by the British and thrown into Long Kesh. Twice is enough, he added. Mr. Justice Waller, the judge in the Judith Ward case, was surrounded by a tight security screen yesterday after he had sentenced her at Wakefield Crown Court. Ward is expected to start her 30-year jail sentence in a secure part of a men's prison. But when the conversion of E Wing at Durham jail as a women's prison is completed she is likely to join Myra Hindley, the Moors murderer, and other women required to be kept in top security conditions. And former Chief of Staff of the Provisional IRA, Mr. Sean Mac Stiofain yesterday denied ever having met Judith Ward, as claimed by her brother, David, yesterday. Her brother David had claimed that while he and Miss Ward were living in Sandymount, Dublin, one of her many visitors was Sean Mac Stiofain. Last night Mr. Mac Stiofain said: I deny categorically having ever met Miss Judith Ward, much less visited her in a flat in Sandymount. If my information is correct, she and her brother lived in this flat around the time I was incarcerated in the Curragh Camp. Broken Pipe Led To Huge Dock Inferno A fractured pipeline to a roadtanker caused the gas leak which lead to the huge blaze at the Calor-Kosangas gas-bottling depot at Dublin's North Wall early yesterday. But forensic examination have still failed to discover where the spark came from to ignite the fire, the city's worst in many years. One theory being investigated was that the blaze was caused by a hot point on the exhaust pipe of the tanker being filled. The ignition had been switched off before loading began. Night workmen had turned off all electrical equipment, shut off gas valves and set the sprinkler system in operation before leaving the premises. The gas depot is quite close to major oil stores, and firemen prevented the blaze from spreading and igniting three containers in the yard, of each containing 400 tons of gas. Sinn Fein Demands End To British Rule Mr. Ruairi O'Bradaigh, President of Sinn Fein (Kevin Street) issued the following statement on November 6th condemning the death of Hugh Cooney of Coalisland, Co. Tyrone. The murder of Hugh Gerard Coney, (age 24), Coalisland, Co. Tyrone, by British troops at Long Kesh Internment Camp, and the further brutalizing of unarmed prisoners by these same troops for the second time in three weeks, adds a further chapter to the infamy of internment without trial in Ireland. Mr. Rees and his government have shown in words and deeds that their concern for their guard dogs is greater than that for the human beings who fill their concentration camps, irrespective of whether they are Republicans or Loyalists , sentenced prisoners or internees. It is time to call not just for an end to the abomination which is Long Kesh but also for the final closing down of that British rule which requires internment in every decade to maintain itself. No British Military Inquiry or other investigation short of a full International Inquiry into Long Kesh will have the slightest credence with the Irish people. Sincere sympathy is offered to the relatives, comrades and friends of the dead internee on behalf of the entire Republican Movement. Recital November 24 NEW YORK, N.Y.-Ray DeVoll, tenor soloist with the NEW YORK PRO MUSICA, Baltimore Symphony, Rochester Symphony, and countless other orchestras and opera companies, will present an evening of Renaissance, Elizabethan, Baroque, and Romantic songs at Alice Tully Hall on Sunday, November 24 at 8:00 P.M. Mr. DeVoll will be assisted by pianist Allen Rogers and lutenist Lucy Cross. The program is drawn from the wide background of Ray DeVoll's unusual repertoire and ranges from the works of Italian Renaissance composers Peri and Mazzaferrata to, the lovely Elizabethan lute songs of Dowland, Ford, andBartlettjo songs Continued on Page 13 But there was a series of explosions from small cylinders as they were hurled hundreds of feet into the night sky, lit by a ball of blue and yellow flames. Two people were injured. One of them, Mr. Martin Olwell, a fireman attacked to Tara Street station, was discharged after treatment. The other man, Michael Walsh (26), an RTE technician, was detained in the Richmond Hospital with head injuries. He lives at Elgin Road and is a native of Foxford, Co. Mayo. Company executives and Garda forensic experts sifted through the charred gas cylinders in the road loading yard where the fire was contained by up to 50 firemen. Five road tankers were burnt out in the blaze, a large number of small cylinders were blown apart and a workshop was also badly burnt. The inferno forced more than 200 residents of Alexandra Road area to leave their homes. Work continued INA Condemns British For Torture Of Irish Mifti ) Prisoners normally the following day and ensuing disturbances at Magilligan and lorries left the depot with dealers' Armagh highlight the sordid and supplies. Company engineers examined the scene to assess the cost, but no figure has yet been put on the damage caused. There was speculation that the figure could run into hundreds of thousands of pounds. A spokesman for the company, Mr. B. Evans, stressed that the fire was contained to the yard area and exaggerated fears were due to the confusion at the start of the fire, many people believing bombs had gone off in the city. The security and fire regulations of the port area are such that an area where the trouble starts can be easily isolated, as happened in this case, he said. The damage was very small in relation to the whole area. inhuman conditions of these evil places. Hundreds of Irish men and women are being held and many others are being held under savage sentences in the hands of these gaolers. The fight for freedom and sovereignty is being waged by the wonderful men and women of this generation. We pledge our support and ask all concerned to join us in this noble cause. The struggle has been long and arduous and the cost in human suffering great but our goal is a free and united Ireland. We call on all elected officers and all Civil Rights organizations to express their involvement and deep concern to the United Nations. Failure to condemn would leave the British free to continue the same barbarous treatment of Irish Republican prisoners in a savage effort to break the spirits of the prisoners and their loved ones. Tourists Shocked Free State Hotels Deplorable T. . ... .. . . . lulled into a sense of false security by The image of the dirty Irish and Ba nt d or and soft ighting while our very poor international jn m kjtd,en jnsect jfe swarms and reputation for hygiene, is costing the Ms hoalth is threatened by country an estimated one million contaminated food Mr. Gorman pounds every year in lost tourist . earnings, a senior Bord Failtie 'inereare many examples of what executive warned yesterday f a tourjst jnt of vjeW/ Mr Michael Gorman told a seminar J , mjnjmum standard js ot in Galway on Hygiene ,n the Hotel at there are and Tourist Industry that dirty J h , associate pubs, oilets and hotels and a poor J J aMncfzormatt with typhoid, general attitude to litter and At a picket line held outside the offices of The British Airways in New York City protesting the death of Hugh Cooney and the torturing of Irish Political Prisoners in English jails, The Irish Northern Aid Committee issued the following statement. The leadership of the Irish Northern Aid Committee in Ireland and in America calls on all members and their friends in the Irish-American community to raise their voices in condemnation of the treatment and the conditions under which Francis Stagg, Paul Holmes, Ray Walsh, Sean Campbell and all other Irish Republican prisoners are held in English prisons. Such inhuman and depraved treatment of prisoners is practiced nowhere else but in England and under English control. The recent destruction of Long Kesh and the ? CO CO I m c/ gt; X -o m O -o r- m z o lt; CD 3 cr CD G gt; CO FOR THE LOW COST GO-WHERE-YOU-WANT FARE TO CALL OR VISIT mm m/A EL SERVICE, INC. 55 WEST 42nd STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10036 PHONE (212) 354-0900 . rish-flmericc President The father of Andrew Jackson, having emigrated from Co. Antrim, settled in an American frontier log-cabin and began farming. Within two years he died, and three days after his death Andrew was born. Mrs. Jackson with her three children moved in with a neighbouring family, and by the time he was nine Andrew had progressed enough at his schooling to be selected to read the newly-adopted Declaration of Independence to his assembled neighbours. When only 14 the future President, already a member of the local militia, was captured by a British raiding party. A British officer ordered him to clean his boots and when the young Irish-American refused, he was brutally cut across the face with a slash of the officer's sword. The hand which Jackson threw up to save himself was cut to the bone and for the rest of his life he carried the scars. For the rest of his life, too, he carried an aversion to Britain. The proud independence which was part of his character as a boy remained with Jackson as a man. Slow to forget either a good turn or an injury, he did not forgive what he considered an intrigue against him by Henry Clay during the early part of his political career. When he won the Presidency, then, for the second time on November 7, 1832, the fact that Clay was his defeated opponent made his victory all the sweeter. dumping, were putting off thousands of visitors to Ireland and stopping others from coming again. He said that Ireland was lucky it did not have dramatic outbreaks of disease like other countries and said the only solution to the problem, which was a community one, was a major national drive to create awareness of the problem and combat it. The seminar, organised by the Western Health Board and which was attended by hoteliers, guesthouse owners and caterers, was told that little if any progress had been made in the critical areas of hygiene. Said Mr. Gorman: 'There is evidence to indicate that low hygiene standards are a major barrier to the fullest development of our tourism. In terms of lost 'word of mouth' business our dirt may be losing us tens of thousands of tourists each year. Bord Failte is involved in hotel hygiene in a very basic way. We claim that all approved hotels are clean and comfortable. By so doing we commit ourselves to hygiene standards, not only in those parts of the hotel seen by the tourist, but also in the staff J areas. We cannot allow the visitor to be Certainly, where Italy is concerned, mussels often bring to mind last year's cholera outbreak. The price paid both in the long and short term in tourism in cases like these far exceeds the cost of adequate preventative measures. That we in Ireland have not had such dramatic instances in no way reflects our attitudes to hygiene. It can be put down to a combination of luck and a climate which does not always provide the best conditions for the spread of bacteria. In those months when resorts carry many times their normal winter population and water runs low in the reservoirs, we may often be on the edge of an outbreak of major proportions, Mr. Gorman said. O'CONNOR INSURANCE CHICAGO For At Kinds Of Insurance 848-3753 MIKE O'CONNOR Native of Roscommon IRISH RADIO BROADCAST Sundays and Fridays .A. 9:30 p.m. ION AM DIAL Send Your Friends An Irish Gift They Will Enjoy Every Week PLEASE SEND THE IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER FOR ONE YEAR TO: .NAME m WTO , THIS IS A GIFT FROM: m IDDRGiS HP FOR n. K YEAR STOIPTIOX: /inclosed please J ind - 8.00 for U S. maMni - 10.00 for Canada mailing 12.00 for mail to all other countries. CW ALONG DOTTED LINE - mail to : THE IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER 2705 BAINBRIDGE AVE. SUITE 32 BRONX, N.Y. 10458 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77b4b8bcf --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Twenty-Five Cents 12.00 per year people U.S.P.S. 070-77t 3 rt ma of mm mmueaiusM M AMSMCA Volume XI Number 12 March 27, 1982 ILIIMiEl ENDS VISIT The whirlwind American tour won by newly elected Free State head Charles Haughey along with the election from Garret FitzGerald concluded last week amidst mixed reviews. New York The tour began in New York with a visit to the Economic Club, comprising prestigious corporate executives and businessmen. Here Haughey's appeal was for American investment into the Free State economy. Haughey asserted that the economy was on sound basis and nearing the end of recession. However, as Haughey spoke, the Punt or Irish Free State pound, fell under the o; and fifty cent mark. Haughey was questioned about the north and here in a statement which dramatically contrasted with his public utterances during his prior term in office, asserted that the principal obstacle in the north was the British guarantee to Loyalists... We will have no progress until that is removed. Haughey also announced that he believed that the Free State would soon become an exporter of oil After the address, Haughey visited St. Agnes Church on 43rd St., the site of the apartment building where Haughey's predecessor, Eamon de Valera, was baptized. Washington The newly re-elected Free State head then journeyed to Washington, DC. He attended a White House luncheon with several Congressmen, Secretary Charles Haughey of State Alexander Haig, and celebrities, including Maureen O'Hara. Haughey was called upon to make an exchange of toasts. Instead, he spoke at length, stating: There is much to be done. And the first thing is that Britain be encouraged to seek more positively and more actively a change in attitude and outlook which would pave the way for unity and so enable her final withdrawal from Ireland to take place with honor and dignity. Reagan President Reagan later asserted that the United States would not become involved in influencing Vritish policy in Ireland. This reaction was praised both by Margaret Thatcher and Ian Paisley's deputy Peter Robinson. Haughey's position varied dramatically from his rhetoric during his first administration, wherein his visits to America were marked by attacks upon Irish-American opposition to British rule. The remarks generated for Haughey widespread publicity in Ireland, where Haughey holds a tenuous majority that may bring a new election within the year and in which Haughey is expected to campaign by assuming a mantle of Irish nationalism while maintaining collaboration with the British. A member of the Ulster Defense Association convicted for the assassination in Larne in 1980 of Irish Independence Party co-founder, Protestant John Turnly, claimed in a Belfast court at the conclusion ofthe trial that he had been working for the British Army's SAS squad. Twenty-seven year old Ro- they were all members of the bert McConnell named uio two SAS soldiers whom he claimed supplied him with information and with weapons for the killing and who had discussions with him on Miriam Daly, Bernadette McAliskey and John Turnly, all of whom were shot by the UDA in 1980 and 1981 in attacks claimed under the cover- name, the Ulster Freedom Fighters. In his statement McConnell said that in or around the month of April 1980,1 was working as a fish salesman in the Larne area. I was stopped one day near Cushendall by a van containing a number of men. I became satisfied subsequently that SAS and I had dealings with them on that and a number of subsequent occasions through their leaders who were Sergeant Tom Aiken and Corporal Mc- Gow. He said that at their behest he placed a listening device in a bar in Cushendall, County Antrim, in which Sinn Fein vice- president Gerry Adams was allegedly attending a meeting. He continued: During a series of subsequent meetings with them (the SAS) they discussed with me Republican leaders and in particular Turnly, Miriam Daly and Bernadette McAliskey... Continued on pg. 13 The two hundred and twentieth St Patrick's Day Parade in New York, despite a chilling rain, attracted more than one hundred and ninety bands and tens of thousands of marchers. A dramatic escalation of Irish patriotism in this year's parade was a highlight of the day, led by an Irish Northern Aid contingent nearly one thousand strong. This contingent included Sean Sands, whose deceased brother Bobby Sands, MP, was unanimously named Honorary Grand Marshal by the Parade Committee. (See story page 10) + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ed6cd8a5c --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +i Sean Sands, brother of the Honorary Grand Marshal, the late Bobby Sands, being interviewed during the parade. mTif N.Y. St. Patrick's Day Parade (Cont'd from pg. 1) INA The Irish Northern Aid contingent stretched some three blocks long and included a number of non-Irish participants. Members bore banners for Irish Northern Aid, Smash H-Block and England Out of Ireland . An honor guard of twenty-two members drawn from the Mid-Manhattan Unit marched in the shape of an H . While the ten deceased hunger strikers were memorialized by ten crosses, each borne by an INA member wearing a tri-colored sash inscribed with one ofthe martyr's names, several New York City policemen saluted the contingent as it passed along the way to 86th Street Media The contingent drew a great deal of media coverage. Both Sean Sands and Irish Northern Aid Trustee Michael Flannery were interviewed on New York television and the parade contingent was shown on all television networks. Such coverage brought the strong nationalist current beyond the parade itself into millions of homes. Counties Meanwhile, the renewed Irish nationalism was evident in other groups as well. Patrick Mullan, honorary Grand Marshal from Brooklyn and a noted member of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, United Brooklyn Irish, and Irish Northern Aid, was named an Aide to the Grand Marshal. Mr. Mullan has been accused of attempting to obtain arms to assist the Irish Republican Army in its struggle to end British rule in the north of Ireland. A number of County Societies bore England Out of Ireland banners and the badges and insignia worn by individual marchers and observers displayed the renewed feelings of Irish patriotism still flowing from the hunger strike. (A bove) Members ofthe Noraid Honor Guard and' Michael Flannery (below) being interviewed by CBS's Vic Miles. Maetsja - - Sunnyside Unit - INA Presents Rock Against Thatcher 'Tank Against Taisley Sunday, March 28th 9pm to 1 am HOURS OF GLORY At The Fields 48th Ave. 47th St., Woodside, Queens Music By: Street Urchins, The Rapid, The Perssuaders //// Drinks 57,00 ...Alt Night Donation 5.00 An Evening Not To Be Missed' For Info. Call: (212)461-9685/(212)779-6917 Tyrone Football Club Annual Dinner Dance And Presentation of 1980-'81 Medals (Senior Football Championship Medals) At The Astorian Manor 25-22 Astoria Boulevard, Astoria, New York On Friday Evening, April 2, 1982 Cocktail Hour 8-9 Dinner-Dancing 9-1 Guest of Honor...Patrick J. Clarke Music By: John Morrison His Band Donation: 27.50 EACH Peter Rafferty. Journal Chairman, Jim Gourley. Co-Chairman ..Mich i Setemey. General Chairman Make checks payable and mail to: Mike Delaney. 3054 Kingsbridge Ave. Bronx, NY 10463 Joe 'Banjo' Burke's Double Recording of Patriotic/Sporting Songs Now available in 80-minute cassettes at local Irish stores and pubs. OR BY MAIL for a limited time only at 10.00 each. Mail this form with check or money order to: Silver Spear Recordings 3081 Villa Avenue Bronx, New York 10468 Send in i order to: N.-.nv. Add res + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5dd3d394 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +*., EritOi You are now ready to make a classic entry into, the Irish language, by way of an important verb: Ta(taw*). Ta serves to tell where something is or what its condition is, and therefore it has some ofthe functions of English is . For the (i) sound, put the front part of your tongue up along the top of your mouth, with the tip against the upper front teeth and almost- but not quite- protruding between the teeth. Pronounce the (t) sound a few times. If you extend the tongue too far between the teeth, you will say the (th), a sound which Irish does not have. For the (aw*) sound, say the word tof' but start the word with the Irish (t) you have just learned Repeat several times, then drop the final t*' and lengthen the (aw*) sound. As a check, try making the (aw*) sound in another way: say English awful several times slowly, and notice that your lips are pushed far out Try the word with your lips, held in closer and more rounded. You may recognize the sound as the way some Irish pronounce awful . Now learn these words, referring back to Lesson 1 pronunciation guide as necessary. ta se (TAW* shay*) he is, it is Practice on these: deil (del), dean (day*n), dliis t me (TAW* may*) I am fuar (FOO-uhr) cold m6r (mohr) big te (te) hot 6g (ohg) young sean (shan) old Ian (law*n) full Next learn these sentences, then translate them. Form a mental picture for each: Tase'fuar. Ta'me'mo'r. Talsfog. T se lim. Ta'se'te. Ta sfsean. Learn these new words thoroughly: fear (far) man, a man cat (kaht) cat, a cat bean (ban), woman, a woman caihn (kah-leen), girl, a girl bord (bohrd), table, a table bosca (BOHSK-uh), box, a box sr lt;ud (sra*d) street a street agus (AH-guhs) and laidir (LAW*-dir) strong ard (ahrd) high, tall gairid (GAH-rid) short anseo (un- SHUH) here ansin (un-SHIN) there fada (FAH-duh) long fseal (EE-shuhl) low, short tanai (TAH-nee) thin ramhar (ROU-wuhr) fat cam (koum) crooked We can substitute these into the basic sentence Ta se' fuar , he is cold, to make new sentences: Ta fear anseo (taw* FAR un-SHUH). A man is here. TaSean anseo (taw* SHAW*N un-SHUH). John is here. TjTbean agus fear ansin (taw* BAN AH-guhs FAR un-SHIN). A woman and man are there. Ta Brid l dir (taw* BREED LAW*-dir) Bridget is strong Tii is irregular, one of only ten or eleven Irish verb.s that are. For the negative of tii , the basic word is nil (neel). Read these: Nil se* m6V (NEEL shay* mor) He is not big. Nil me fuar (NEEL may* FOO-uhr) I am not cold Nil Sean ramhar (neel SHAW*N ROU-wuhr). John is not fat For questioning with t-a , the basic group is an bhfuiT (un VWDL). In the West this may be pronounced (un WIL). Read these: An bhfuil fear ansin? (un vwil FAR un-SHIN) Is a man there? AN bhfuil Nora og? (un vwil NOH ruh ohg) Is Nora young? An bhfuil bosca anseo (un vwil BOHSK- uh un SHUH) Is there a box here? PRONUNCIATION Irish t and d;- every Irish consonant has two different sounds. The one selected depends on what kind of vowel is next to the consonant The vowels a , o , and u are called broad and give the broad sound to the consonants next to them. The slender vowels are e , i , ea , and often ai . You learned how to pronounce broad t above, in the word ta . Pronounce broad d with the front part ofthe tongue in the same position, along the roof of the mouth, with the tongue tip almost protruding between the teeth. Try. dli(daw*), do(doh), dun(doon), drom (drohm), dl(T(dloo), dath (dah). For slender d and t, place the tongue tip, and only the tip, on the hard ridge just behind the upper front teeth. Then pronounce the t or d . (In the West there is a tendency to pronounce these by sliding the. tongue off the ridge, giving sounds closer to ch and j). practice on these: deil (del), dean (day*n), dilis. (DEE-lish), din (din), deacair(DAK-uhr),dlf(dlee), te (te), teann (TAY*uhn) timire (TEEM-i-re), teas (tas). CONVERSATION Read this carefully until you can go from one language to the other quickly, phrase by phrase and sentence by sentence. Do not try to understand the grammar of the words or phrases yet Pay special attention to duit . This is generally pronounced with a (g) sound at the start, and we will do that in this lesson. The lettei u in the word merely tells you that the d or g gets the broad sound The t must get a slender sound Sfamus (SHAY -muhs): Dia duit a Ntira. (DEE-uh git, uh NOH-ruh) Hello, Nora. Nora: Dia's Muire duit, a Sheamais (DE uhs MWIR- uh HAY*mish). Hello, James. Se'amas: Conas ta tu? (KUN-uhs TAW* too) How are you? Nora: T*fmego maith, agus conas ta tiffeln? (TAW* may* goh MAH, AH-guhs KUN-uhs TAW* too fay*n) / am well and how are you? Seamas: Ta me'go maith, leis. (TAW* May* goh MAH, lesh) / am well,' too. H X Pi 2 X hd Pi O r o r bo oo to Irish Sugar Company Has Record Losses The Irish Sugar Company, one of the Free State's largest state-owned companies, has announced losses of 12 million for the year ending last September. This could mean substantial job losses in addition to the threatened closure of the sugar processing plant at Tuam, Co. Galway. The company wants the government to lend it 75 million, but with Aer Lingus, B I, Nitrigin Iiireann, Irish Steel and CIE already in the queue of financially troubled state concerns, the Sugar Company is unlikely to get the sort of money it says it needs. The Tuam factory, which employs 500, was saved from closure last year only by a government subsidy of 2.5 million. The government gave in to considerable pressure from TDs from the West. But now it looks as if the writing is on the wall for Tuam as the set of accounts just issued by the company shows a plant write-off of 1 million at the factory. Also at risk are the factories in Mallow, Middleton, Thurles and Limerick, operated by the company's subsidiary, Erin Foods. At one stage last year, the Sugar Company had debts of 90 million and most of the losses are being incurred in meeting interest charges on these borrowings. There is also every indication that losses this year will be even worse. Program A modernization program has, during the past five years, cost 40 million. The company says another 50 million are required to bring its operations into the eighties . But the company's chairman, James Fitzpatrick, has stated forcefully in his report that there can't continue to be an underwriting of activities for social reasons meaning maintaining jobs because politicians don't want lay-offs in their constituencies. JUDGEMENT RESERVED IN DUBLIN SUPREME COURT'S SECTION 31 HEARING Censorship in the balance B Y DAMIEN O'ROURKE THE Dublin Supreme Court has reserved judgement in the appeal by the Free State government against the decision of the High Court declaring Section 31 of the Broadcasting Act unconstitutional and quashing a bah imposed by the Coalition Minister for Posts and Telegraphs on party political broadcasts on RTE by Sinn Fein. The Supreme Court appeal ended cast would be likely to promote, or on Thursday 4th March after a three- day hearing and it could be some weeks before a ruling is made. Two days before voting in the twenty- six county general election, Mr. Justice O'Hanlon in the High Court, agreed to an application by Sean Lynch, Sinn Fein candidate in Longford/Westmeath to quash the order. He ci i so on the grounds that Section 31 of the Broadcasting Authority Act 1961, as amended by Section 16 of the Broadcasting Authority (Amendment) Act 1976, under which the order was issued, is unconstitutional. Among arguments by the Free State Attorney-General, Peter Sutherland, in the Supreme Court was the contention that Sinn Fein had not challenged in th - lower court the minister's expressed opinion that the party political broad- incite to, crime, or would tend to undermine the authority of the state. In particular the Coalition Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, Patrick Cooney, had expressed the view to the court that Sinn Fein was committed to overthrowing the institutions of the state by force, and this, he said, had not been contested in any way. He pointed out that Sinn Fein was not a registered political party in the twenty-six counties nor would it take any seats in Leinster House as it did not recognise that institution of the state. He argued that the constitution only contained a general guarantee of freedom of speech and did not guarantee anyone the right of access to radio or television.' During the Attorney-General's sub missions one of the Supreme Court judges, Mr. Justice Henchy, raised a technical point as to whether the matter of constitutionality should have been considered by the High Court in the circumstances. On behalf of Sinn Fein's Sean Lynch, Sean MacBride, SC, stated that at no time had the state alleged that Sean Lynch was doing anything illegal nor proposing anything illegal in his election literature or proposed broadcast. He said that the Broadcasting Acts did not come within the category of laws expressed to be for the purpose of securing public safety and the preservation of the state in time of war. Therefore they could not be construed as authorising a minister to deprive a citizen of his constitutional rights to freedom of speech. He added that the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs had not even attempted lt; to find out the contents of the Sinn Fein proposed broadcast before he banned it. He also submitted that Section 31 was unconstitutional on several grounds, including that there was no appeal provided against a ban nor any procedural safeguards of ensuring that the powers under the section were exercised in accordance with the requirements of constitutional justice. Sean McBride said that the order banning the party political broadcast not only involved the constitutional right to freedom of speech but also the right to stand for election, which meant access to the electorate and a right of that electorate to be informed of what the issues were in the election. Two of the Supreme Court judges, Mr. Justice Griffen and Mr. Justice Hederman, referred to the speech of Sinn Fein's Director of Publicity, Danny Morrison, at the party's ard fheis last October in which he referred to a ballot paper in one hand and an Armalite in the other, and they asked what that might mean. Patrick MacEntee, SC, who also appeared for Sinn Fein, told the court that the minister could not have formed the opinion that Sinn Fein was an integral part of the IRA; otherwise steps would have been taken to suppress the organisation. SEAN MacBRIDE 'Section 31 is unconstitutional' + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d651a40b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +00 ON r- lt;N o Sean Mac Diarmada (Mac Dermott) By Proinsias 0 Cuilin Part HI The IRB decided to arm (a la Carson's Ulster Volunteers) and Sean became organizer for the P lt; Irish Volunteers' resources. After W the outbreak of World War I, Sean led the Volunteer efforts 3S to avoid English conscription. 2 After a bitter battle of words, public meetings, and combatting ffi ofRedmondite rowdyism, Sean finally triumphed over the forces -H of conscription and Home Rule. lt;L gt; 60 ca P lt; Anyone who looks for the details of this phenomenal man's operation will be stymied, to say the least Records are scant because MacDiarmada, a walking memory, carried his notes, information and name lists in only one or two small notebooks. Everything else was retained in his remarkable memory. DUBLIN DAYS Such a meticulous man couldn't have operated in a vacuum. When one hears of his exploits in field operations for Sinn Fein and the IRB, one wonders: Did he have a place to work? He had an office in the building occupied by Irish Freedom at 12 D'Olier Street right in the heart of Dublin's newspaper area. This was the third and last office for the paper, the two previous being 7 Sinnott Place and 5 Findlater Place. The moves were for reasons of expansion, plus an increased respectability in all republican circles. He put in a long day (twelve to fourteen hours), and broke to eat only when the work was finished. He performed all of his work from these offices. His friends were necessarily men in the movement especially Frank Fahy and Con Collins. He had quarters in the same building as the latter. Both of these men were, like himself, very versatile and belonged to many organizations. Although he had by this time relieved Tom Clarke of many ofthe executive functions of the IRB, the two remained steadfast friends. And yet he remained socially accessible. He frequented a popular coffee house on Westmoreland Street called Bewleys (Sean abstained from alcohol) and enjoyed chatting with his female companions in politics - he became engaged at this time to Min Ryan. His regular meals were generally eaten out at the Redbank Restaurant on D'Olier Street almost facing the office across the street TO REVOLUTION Sean MacDiarmada was an intriguing politician, totally secretive as to his intentions, plans and the business of insurrection. Not even his closest friends could read him. He projected a real social grace despite all this secrecy, constant surveillance, and investigation by the police and political foes. He was also extremely strong-willed and would either bend an organization to his will or start a new one. This was one reason why Sean moved from constitutional Sinn Fein to the secret revolutionary IRB. He was in almost complete control of the IRB by 1916 and, by manipulation, dominated the group that was to determine the Easter Rising. He was always well-groomed. Mild-mannered, he could also be stirred to vigorous dissent if provoked. GERMAN HELP The plans for rebellion began to take shape and form as the Great War dawned in 1914. Over in New York, contact had been made with some famous German figures of history: Franz von Papen and Count von Bern- storff, both emissaries of their government Ireland would need arms, and Germany was happy to comply as long as these activ- ities would bedevil England. The shipment of weapons that the Irish Volunteers received in 1914 in Howth, near Dublin, wa-Uo be used during the Rising. Sean MacDiarmada received the shipment and supervised their collection. The collection was briefly interrupted by English troops but Eamonn Ceannt in charge of a guard party, opened fire and engaged the force. These prepare for a rising. Redmond and his followers were for conscription. Sean, by adept politicking and not a little force, succeeded in eliminating the Redmondite sympathizers from the IRB. In doing so, he removed many old friends and comrades, making a few enemies in the process. By now, he was in total control of the weapons were all sequestered with the aid of Joseph Plunkett, Patrick Pearse and the indefatigable Fahy. THE REDMONDITES The march of events quickened with the IRB/Redmondite conflict over the status of the Irish Volunteers. John Redmond, trying to control the group, was aided in the attempt by Eoin MacNeill and Bulmer Hobson, both founders ofthe Volunteers, and opponents of an immediate rising. The militants under Sean wanted the Irish Volunteers to continue resistance to conscription for the English army and to IRB operation through the length and breadth of Ireland. He controlled all IRB organizations within and without Dublin. Money was being received weekly from America through Clan Na Gael of New York. These funds were carried aboard ship by an IRB agent who delivered them to Sean MacDiarmada at his Irish Freedom office. He had intimate knowledge of every dollar, pound or shilling spent or received for the movement At 12 D'Olier Street he was accessible to the IRB, journalists, agents Volunteers or intellectuals. If he was needed at a public speaking engagement he was available. He sat on the newly-created Military Council of the IRB as political adviser. Nothing of national value or significance to the creation of the Republic eluded this business-like revolutionary. He was a pure professional. TOWARDS 1916 The following year and early 1916 were tense periods for the IRB. Events were moving staccato, one after another with irreversible momentum. There were three main events now, in the life of Sean MacDiarmada and the revolutionaries. He accompanied one of his proteges, Liam Mellows, who sponsored an Easter Week Rising in Galway in conjunction with the principal action in Dublin, to County Galway, where an anti-conscription rally was held outdoors. The other scheduled speakers were fearful ofthe police, who watched and waited for every word or movement. Sean became heated. He mounted a brake and condemned conscription in unremitting terms. It must in all fairness be stated that pressure was getting to everyone involved in the coming insurrection. And Sean was above all human. He was arrested, remanded, tried and convicted before a Dublin military court, then sentenced to six months imprisonment. This was later remitted to four months, but he was released after two months. The organization was momentarily stunned, then fearful Yet his organization never suffered. It is a tribute to this man that his organizing finesse left men to fill the gap opened by his imprisonment Diarmuid Lynch of Cork took over the temporary organizing chores. He and Sean's other confidants remained in close contact with him while he was imprisoned in Dublin. To be continued) Irish Names O Brollachain (O'Brallaghan, O'Brollaghan, O'Brollachan, Bradley) This family's name is an interesting one because of the revealing lesson evident from the widespread change to an entirely different version, in addition to the usual anglicization under misleading spelling conventions. In addition to this, the family differs from others through its establishment of a flourishing branch at a distant location in Ireland. The ancient genealogies of the Heremon line in Ireland trace the family in Tir Eoghain (Tyrone) from a man named Brollach , in the line of succession of the O Fahy family, which was descended from a brother of an O Neill chief who lived around 500 AD. The origin ofthe personal name Brollach is not certain. It is true that the word means breast but this may not have been significant to the original bearer of the name, any more than a present-day Una would be expected to have a sheepish look. The O Brollachain family was a branch of the Cineal Eoghain in Tyrone, but in later days a number of the family moved to Cork, where they are now listed as Bradleys. The family included many distinguished persons in the 11 th and 12th centuries. For example, Maolbhride O Brollachain was a famous builder in the latter 10th and early 11th century. One son, Aodh, was a professor, and another the bijshop of Cill Dara(Kildare). Donall O Brollachain, who died in 1202, was the abbot of Derry, and Flaich- bheartach 6 Brollachain, who died in 1175, rebuilt the cathedral at Derry in 1164, getting it into good condition for the Norman aggressors and plunderers who were to appear in a few years. Although 0 Dubhagalns valuable 14th-century work, in part on Irish families, did not mention the O Brollachain family, the Annals ofthe Four Masters (early 17th century) did, and Donegal records in 1659 carried many O'Brollaghan listings for northwest Ulster. The family suffered heavily from land theft and oppression at the hands ofthe English and English-imported plunderers in the 17th century, and it was then and later that the- remarkable change in name occurred. In ordinary medium-quality anglicization of the name, the spelling would become O'Brot achan , complete with illogical apostrophe, illogical because it signifies no omission of letter or sound. Later anglicization made the usual error of replacing ach , pronounced as a modern German would, with the poorly- chosen and erroneous agh , giving O'Brallaghan , in which the first a is an attempt to represent Irish pronunciation for the o in Brollachain . The O'Brallaghan form is most common in Deny. Today's American reader will tend to neglect the gh and say oh brall-uh- han , a poor imitation of the true name. Many of the family did not retain even this much, however. Instead, they took or usually were given the English name Bradley , a name that English bailiffs, land courts, and officials thought was close enough to the original and would help civilize the wilde Irish sept. The result is that today probably most of the Bradleys in Treland are actually heirs to the name O Brollachain , and live in Derry, Tyrone, Donegal and Cork. English Bradleys are few in number and easily indentifiable in Ireland, so confusion in tracing lineage by the Irish Bradley should be insignificant Let each hope that the name will be restored, so that O Brollachain will be part of a nation once again. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c9fa5c2c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + JC Danny Cm ZJQf During the Penal Days, the laws that were in operation debarred Catholics from Parliament, any government office - high or low - from entering the legal profession, and from holding commissions in the armed forces. This was done by enforcing oaths for all these professions which i no Catholic could take - oaths such as the following: I do solemnly and sincerely in the presence of God, profess, testify and declare, that I do believe, that in the sacrament ofthe Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever and that the invocation, 6r adoration ofthe virgin Mary, or any other saint, and the sacrifice of the Mass, as they are now used in the church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous... These oaths practically closed all paths of advancement to Catholics in public life. To encourage among the Anglo-Irish ardor on behalf of the law, the Anglo- Irish Parliament in 1705 passed a resolution that the persecuting of and informing against a Papist is an t honourable service. A Catholic was forbidden to own a horse of greater value than five pounds. Standish O'Grady tells the story of a Catholic gentleman ofthe County Meath, who, having driven four bloodhorses into the assize town, was there held up by a Protestant and tendered twenty pounds for his four valuable horses, whereupon he drew out a pistol and shot the animals dead. Ever after, he drove into town behind six oxen - his mute protest against law . Incidents like this, says O'Grady, aroused and fed the indignation which eventually compelled the annulment of the law. Lecky writes: The influence of the code appeared, indeed, omnipresent It blasted the prospect of the Catholic in all struggles of active Hfe. It cast its shadows over the inmost recesses of his home. It darkened the very last hour of his existence. No Catholic, as I have said, could be guardian to a child; so the dying person knew that his children must past under the tutelage of Protestants. However, the Protestant Ascendancy could not feel safe while Catholics owned any sizeable proportion of landed property. Even after the confiscations following the Williamite victory, Catholics still retained about 14 ofthe land A system was devised, by acts passed in 1704 and 1709, which made it illegal for Catholics to buy land at all, or to take leases for longer than 31 years, and which at the same time brought so many pressures and prohibitions to bear on Catholic landowners, that by 1778 scarcely 5 of Irish land was in Catholic possession. After Limerick, writes Edmund Burke in his Tracts - that is, after the Irish had, by the faith and honor of the British Crown, been pledged protection in their lives, liberties, and property - there was not a single right of nature or benefit of society which had not been either totally taken away, or considerably impaired The historian Lecky admits that it was more through rapacity than fanaticism that the English and Anglo-Irish so ferociously oppressed., repressed, and robbed the Irish Catholics of both their moral and material rights. He goes on to say that fear of the conquered people ever again taking rank with their conquerors likewise inspired the persecutions. His words are: It was intended to make them poor and to keep them poor, to crush in them every germ pf enterprise and degrade them into a servile race who could never hope to rise to the level of their oppressor. r 3 mum mm THURSDAY 11th March marks the one hundred and twenty- fifth anniversary of the birth in 1857 of Fenian revolutionary Thomas J. Clarke, the first signatory of the 1916 Proclamation. Thomas Clarke, was born in Hurst Castle on the Isle-of-Wight, where his father was stationed as a sergeant in the British army. Both his parents were Irish. Shortly after his birth the family emigrated to South Africa, where they spent eight years, before returning to settle in Dungannon, County Tyrone in 1865. At the age of sixteen, Clarke and another youth formed a nationalist club in the town, out of which an Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) circle was formed. In 1880 he emigrated to the United States and joined Clan na Gael, the American wing ofthe IRB. BOMBING Three years later Thomas Clarke recrossed the Atlantic, this time to England, as part of a Clan na Gael bombing team. Under the alias of 'Henry Wilson' he operated in Liverpool, Birmingham and London in the dynamite campaign against public buildings and railway stations. But, after only a short time in England, Clarke was arrested, stood trial at the Old Bailey charged with treason-felony, and in June 1883, at the age of twenty-six, was sentenced to penal servitude for life. For the next fifteen and a half years he was imprisoned, mainly in Chatham prison, under conditions of deliberate horror, designed, sometimes successfully, to destroy the sanity of the 'special' Irish prisoners. His account of this period was afterwards recorded in a series of articles in the newspaper 'Irish Freedom' and later expanded into a booklet entitled 'Glimpses of an Irish Felon's Prison Life' one of the classics of Irish republican prison history. In September 1898, Thomas Clarke was freed and returned to Ireland, but the following year again returned to the United States, where he married Kathleen Daly, and continued his activities in Clan na Gael. In 1903, the first issue of a weekly newspaper, the 'Gaelic American', appeared with John Devoy as editor and Thomas Clarke as assistant editor and manager. It became an influential and widely- read journal. RE-ORGANISATION In 1907, Thomas Clarke returned to Ireland and set up a tobacconist and newsagent's shop at 75a Great Britain Street (now Parnell Street), which became a centre of nationalist activity. Clarke set about the reorganisation of the IRB, and in 1910, with Sean MacDiarmada as manager, he published 'Irish Freedom', a militant newspaper which advocated the use of physical force to win freedom for Ireland. In July 1911, Clarke organised the first national pilgrimage to the grave of Wolfe Tone in Bodenstown, County Kildare. Three years later, on June 21st 1914, he delivered the oration there himself and, a man of few words, confined himself to a warning that the time for speech- making had passed and that the urgent need was for drilling and training in the use of arms. In September 1914, after the 'Great War' had begun, Clarke and the other members of the IRB's Supreme Council took a formal decision to organise an insurrection in Ireland before the war ended. A year later Clarke became a member of the IRB's Military Council set up to plan that undertaking. RISING The culmination of the IRB's plans, and of the role of Thomas Clarke as the link between the Fenians and the Irish Republican Army, came at Easter 1916. Clarke, because of his recognised historic role, was given the honour of being the first signatory to the proclamation declaring the Irish Republic. During the Easter Rising he fought in the GPO, and, after the surrender, he was court-martialled on May 2nd and sentenced to death. The following day, May 3rd 1916, . with Padraig Pearse and Thomas MacDonagh, he was shot in Kilmainham jail. On Irisii Will Hold A Live Ceili Every Saturday 9: .M. At The 00 H X m i 2 GO X tn O 5 to OO to 326 West 48th Street New York City Regular Feature Artists: Bryan Conway, John Fitzpatrick Maureen Fitzpatrick, Steve Johnson Michael McQuaid Guest Musicians: 3/27/82 Tom Doherty, Maureen Doherty Bernadette Fee, Eileen Clohessy Jim Mahon Donation 4.00 For Information Call: (212)581-5352 Shannon Dublin Lowest Rates in Ireland Unlimited Mileage January 31st- April 30th 120.00 120.00 130.00 130.00 140.00 140.00 165.00 300.00 380.00 For Instant Reservation and Free Brochure Call JIM MAUNSELL U.S. Representative 45 Martin Street, MedforcLMass. 02155 Tel: 396-2021 Phone Limerick: 06253103 Ford Fiesta Fiat 127 Toyota Starlet Ford Escort Toyota (4 Door) Escort (4 Door) Escort (Automatic) Minibus 4-Berth. Camper (Cont'd from pg. 1) O ;/,.... r-') tmMFmmm connection During this period, weapons, uniforms and information on how to obtain intelligence-gathering equipment was supplied by Sergeant Aiken, who would contact me by telephone and arrange for me to pick up various items in lonely roads at the dead of night. UDR McConnell, his brother Eric, and William McClelland were given life imprisonment for the Turnly killing and for killing Rodney McCormick, a Catholic, who was shot dead in front of his wife in Larne in August 1980. A number of other UDA men were given lenient sentences for their parts in various sectarian attacks. One of these men, 26-year-old Matthew Martin, was a sergeant in the UDR, the British army's regiment for Loyalists, when he bombed a Catholic school in Ballyclare and petrol bombed a house. He received a mere five years' imprisonment after a 'plea for mercy' was made by a former Moderator of the Presbyterian church, the Very Rev. Victor Lynas. Despite a long and bloody record of sectarian bombings, North and South, and their involvement in the assassinations of hundreds of Catholics, the UDA remains an open, legal organization in the six counties. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4df40da1f --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Greenwood Lake w Ok o w GO s w a Ou Waiting for Beckett Actor-director-playwright Jim Sheridan, ofthe Abbey Theatre and the Project Arts Centre in Dublin, will appear at the Irish Rebel Theatre for a limited engagement the last weekend in March. Mr. Sheridan will perform his original one-man show, Waiting for Beckett, adapted from the writings of Samuel Beckett. Jim Sheridan was only a few years out of college when his promising work at The Abbey Theatre led to his joining the Project Arts Centre as Theatre Director in 1976 and to his election as Chairman in 1977. The Project Arts Centre is well known and sometimes notorious in Ireland for its quality and daring In 1977, Yeats' On Baile's Strand and Purgatory, one of the many Project Arts Centre productions under Jim Sheridan's direction, was taken as Ireland's entry to the Edinburgh Festival. Mr. Sheridan organized and managed the Project Theatre Company for its American tour of Waiting for Godot in 1980. He also founded T. Company, a Dublin children's and street theatre group, directed Sean O'Caseys Within the Gates at the Lyric Theatre in Belfast, and in 1980 returned to the Abbey to direct The Blue Macushla by Tom Murphy. Jim Sheridan is the author of Waiting for Beckett, The Happy-Go-Likeable Man, Mobile Homes, Where All Your Dreams Come True, The Halfpenny Place, and Inner City - Outer Space. In 1973, he received the Macaulay Fellowship in Drama from the Arts Council of Ireland, which had been awarded only once previously: to Brian Friel in 1963. Performances of Waiting for Beckett will be held at the Irish Rebel Theatre of An Claideamh Soluis/The Irish Arts Center, 553 West 51st Street, on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, March 25th, 26th, and 27th at 8:00 p.m., and on Sunday, March 28th at 3:00 p.m. Tickets are 5; TDF vouchers accepted. For reservations and information, call (212) 757-3318 between 1 and 5 p.m. weekdays. Irish Rebel Theater The Irish Rebel Theater's second production in 1982 will be the American premiere of Bernard FarrclPs comedy, I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell. Performances will begin Thursday, April 8th, and run through Sunday, April 25 th. I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell takes a satirical look at that phenomenon of western society, the group encounter session. Mr. Farrell's comedic style of dialogue in this play has entertained audiences throughout Ireland since Its world premiere at The Peacock Theatre in Dublin in In baseball, you get three strikes, then you're out. Since this is the State Legislature, we've decided to spare the Governor from missing a third successive term. It's our ball and we're waiting for the next governor. Assemblywoman Florence Sullivan (R-C, Bay Ridge, Sunset Park) said today that she is postponing her campaign to create a permanent day to honor the memory of Commodore John Barry, founder of the American Navy and one of America's first Irish-American patriots. Since the Commodore was a Navy man, we think he will understand that we are sailing a different tack, Sullivan said. On March 3rd, the State Assembly passed our resolution asking the Governor to declare September 13, 1982 as 'John 1979. Variety called it the best full- length play by a new Irish playwright in a long time, and the Irish Times was quoted as saying a devastating lampoon of one ofthe modern western world's most chic vogues. Bernard Farrell's dramatic career began in 1975 when his one-act play Goodbye Smiler, It's Been Nice was presented at the Lantern Theatre in Dublin. This was followed by I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell, Legs Eleven, Canaries, and All in Favour Say No, all at The John Barry Barry Day'. Next year, we'll ask a new governor to sign our bill making that date a state observance as a permanent thing. Governor Hugh Carey, bless his Irish heart, won't get a third chance to veto legislation supported by every Irish-American organization in New York State and possibly the nation, Sullivan declared. State Senator Hugh Farley of Schenectady is Senate sponsor of the resolution along with Senator Chris Mega of Brooklyn. Born in Wexford, Ireland, John Barry was one ofthe new nation's first patriots. His commission as Captain ofthe frigate United States was the very first naval commission in the USA. The Irish-American Revolutionary War hero is regarded as the founder of the US Navy. Our country has heroes, but 1 Abbey. His television adaption of Legs Eleven is scheduled for its premiere on Irish television later this month. Performances of I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell are scheduled for Thursday through Saturday evenings at 8:00 p.m and Sunday afternoons at 3:00 p.m., April 8th through the 25 th. At the Irish Arts Center, 553 West 51 st Street, in Manhattan. Tickets are 5 and TDF vouchers will be accepted. For reservations and information, call the Irish Arts Center at 757-3318. today Commodore Barry is not yet accorded the place that he deserves in the creation of our nation. He should have a niche alongside the Hamiltons, Jones', Washingtons and Franklins, Assemblywoman Sullivan said. Brooklyn's John Barry Club is named for the Revolutionary War hero. Answers to Last Week's Puzzle Brooklyn Unit INA Social At The Hibernian Hall 4621 Avenue D Saturday, April 3rd From 8:50 p.jW. till ? For Info. Call: 833-8854/945-6044 I r The KESHCARRIGAN Bookshop 90 West Broadway (at Chambers Street) New York, NY 10007 Hours: 11-6 Tel.: 962-4237 IRISH BOOKS NEW OUT OF PRINT I I IRISH RECORDS 5 minute walk from Work' rradc Center and Cilj Hall W-M MM MM MM MM MM MM MM* MM MM wJ The Greenwood Lake Gaelic Cultural Society will present the Paddy Noonan Irish Show at 8 p.m. on Saturday, April 3rd at Middletown Junior High School in Middletown, New York. The proceeds will benefit Project Children . The show's stars include Hal Roach, Mary Hegarty, the Paddy Noonan Band, and the talented tenor, Louis Browne. Project Children is a six- year-old program that provides Catholic and Protestant children from war-torn northeast Ireland with a summer vacation spent free from strife, in the New York area. Since 1975, over 700 children have bene fitted from this program. While here, the children enjoy what we regard as the normal delights of childhood. More importantly, they see people of varying backgrounds living together in peace. Those who wish to brighten a child's summer (and enjoy the outstanding Louis Browne while doing so) can call 914-477- 3472 or 2781 for tickets ( 9; 7.50 for students and senior citizens). Additional information can be obtained by writing Project Children , Box 933L, Greenwood Lake, NY 10925. Please make checks payable to Project Children . Irish American Labor Coalition Open Forum Brodie Mountain Ski Resort Rte. 7, New Ashford, Massachusetts Friday, April 16th at 8:00 P.M. Subject Peace With Justice In The North Of Ireland Guest Speakers: Fr. Maurice Burke, S.M.A. Michael J. Cummings, Paul Murray, Mike Maye Tor Information Call: Helen Mitchell (413)243-2994 Brigid M. Tarjick (413)499-4681 IRISH NORTHERN AID New Schedule For New York Demonstrations 3:00 - 5:00 p.m. Weekends 5:00 - 6:30 p.m. Daily Senator Flynn Sen. John E. Flynn of Yon- kers, chairman of the Senate Standing Committee on Cities and the City of New York, is the new president ofthe New York State Irish American Legislators Society. The eight-term senator was installed by Senate Majority Leader Warren Anderson at the Society's annual St. Patrick's Day dinner in Albany on March 15 th. Other officers are Assemblyman Richard Keane of Buffalo, vice president; Sen. Howard C. Nolan Jr. of Albany, treasurer, and Assemblywoman Florence nllivan of Brooklyn, secretary. Sen. Flynn, a member ofthe society since its inception, has sponsored legislation providing courses in Irish cultural studies at the State University and funding through local governments for Irish cultural affairs. He is founder ofthe American- Irish Association of Westchester, a member of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick of Westchester and ofthe Ancient Order of Hibernians and was grand marshal of the 1973 Yonkers St Patrick's Day Parade, second largest in the state. Lynn, Massachusetts Unit Irish Northern Aid Traditional Irish Music, Singing Dancing Sunday, Mar. 28th From 4:00-8:30 PM A.O.H. Building 105 Federal St. Lynn, Mass. Special Door Prize, Talent Shoiv at 6:00 PM- Public Welcome - Coffee, Tea, Irish Soda Bread Admission 3.00/Under 16's 1.00 For Further Info. Call: 581-3347 0 Guaranteed Irish Manufacturers - Importers Wholesalers - Retailers of Fine Irish Products 3605 Kingsbridge Avenue (236th St., 1 Block West of Broadway) Bronx, New York, 10463 Telephone (212)884-8239 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d7531ba8 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +1 llVf*. -J TEMPORARILY FREEDOM FIGHTERS 4 Q ff dark green shirt with white lettering FOR IRELAND 2 IRA - ALL THE WA Y white shirt, green design white shirt with green design 5 jtf OUR TIME - 3 IRISH-AMERICANS - IRELAND UNITED Colors- white or grey THE FENIAN TRADITION green shirt, white and orange design tan shirt, green and brown design -All T- shirts are American made ofthe finest materials FILMS f BOBBY SANDS white, grey, red 6 IRISH REPUBLICAN MARTYRS 14.00 Sweatshirts (adult sizes) 7.50 T-Shirts (adult sizes) 6.50 T-Shirts (children's sizes) For Rent Sale Peter Farley 15 Vailsburg Terrace Newark NJ 07106 POSTERS Hunger Strike Memorial Set includes 11 hunger strike campaign posters 10.00 postage included RECORDS TAPES Kathleen Largey Thompson ai ThePrice e A2 Legion c ear Guard 7.50 each SINGLES 2.50 each 51 BOBBY SANDS Irish Connection 52 IRELAND MUST BE FREE STEEL TIPS BUMPER STICKERS 1 IRELAND UNITED 2 PUT IT BACK THIEF BOBBY SANDS - FREE AT LAST 4 FREE IRELAND NOW 5 REUNITE IRELAND I 50 iO o)b) WS ST. PATRICK'S DAY POSTER ' A four-color poster commemorating the many tributes paid to Irish hunger strikers in cities across the United States. 1.50 Includes postage and handling. ORDER FORM F -SHIRTS Quantity JsJo. SWEATSHIRTS Size Color Price Amount POSTERS Please send EH sets of Hunger Strike Posters. CALENDAR Quantity Price Name Mail Order Only Address BUMPER STICKERS Please send EJ LH El RECORDS Quantity No. . Price Zip ENCLOSE CHECK OR MONEY ORDER AND MAIL TO r Irish Northern Aid 4951 Broadway, New York. NY 10034 (212)567-3604 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..db1ba3bc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +-J O w CO s f lt; w Oh Gaelic Games: National Football League quarter-finals Kerry put on pressure to relieve boredom KERRY 1-11 DERRY 0-5 IF SOME smart sponsor were to put up an award for the worst match of the year' the second quarter-final of the National Football League between Kerry and Derry at Croke Park yesterday would (be a strong (or is it weak?) contender to carry off the prize. It was a doleful affair, unrelieved by any feature approaching entertainment for 5,325 spectators until the last five minutes, when Kerry skipped through the Derry defence to score six sparkling points from play. Before that shocking deviation from the norm, which must have been due to a collective brainstorm, there was solid ground for suspicion that the All-Ireland champions had been hijacked on the way to Dublin and replaced in the famous green and gold by a team of novices. One can only assume that Kerry, with a (ar bigger prize in the offing, are not prepared to break their necks or burst their guts to win the National League. It the last five minutes are excepted, it was almost by default that they won yesterday and now they arc through to a semifinal meeting with Armagh, at Croke i'.uk on April 11th. DERRY'S LAPSE For more than thrccquartcrs of the hour, the game was there for the taking by Derry but, while the Ulster side was pretty strong in defence and not lacking in industry around midfield, they were short of ideas and power in attack, where only Mickey Lynch and, for a period of about 21) minutes, s ubstitutc Lug e n c Y o u n g threatened to take advantage of a weakness in the Kerry hall-back line. There was no weakness at right- half, however, for Paud O'Shea was one of the few Kerry players to perforin adequately and it was he who opened up the road to victory with two fine points from dead-ball kicks, a 50 and a 55-yards free, in the 10th and 11th minutes of the second half. Those scores regained a lead which Kerry had lost six minutes before the interval. If this game is to be remembered in days to come it will be for one happening the return of Pat Spillane to the Kerry team for the first time since his token appearance at the close of the All- Ireland final last September. Spillane replaced Ambrose O'Donovan eight minutes from the end and sprinted around as if his left knee had never been damaged. His possession of the ball was minimal, however, but he left an imprint on the event with a typical curling point from the right corner just on the call of time. Kerry lined out with 10 of their All-Ireland team, the missing men being John O'Keeffe, who was released to be with the St Brendan's (Killarney) team in the Munster colleges' final; Paud Lynch, Denis Moran, Mike Sheehy and John Egan. Vincent O'Connor, though not overworked, deputised most capably for O'Keeffe in the full-back position and John L. McElligott again played well enough at right- half forward to keep the selectors wondering what they will do about him when championship time comes around. Jim Denihan was called up to play at right-full but was clearly hampered by his hamstring injury ami the midfielder. Jack O'Shea, though he played with more heart than most of his colleagues, was also slowed down bv the let: injurv he sustained in the tinal ot the Railway Cup. CLOSE MARKING Ger Power, who had been having a lean time of late, flourished as a forager and carrier when he moved from the right corner to left half forward in the second half and Eoin Liston won a great deal of possession, both at full-forward and centre forward, but had several scoring attempts blocked down by the alert Derry backs. Close marking was a feature of Derry's defensive play and was largely responsible for Kerry's failure to score from play between the third and 48th minutes. John Sommers had a good game in goal, his saves including two McElligott shots from point-blank range. The Trainor brothers and Terry Moore formed a vigilant full back line, while Gerry O'Loughlin and Frankie Johnston, who swapped wings in the half back line, played very effectively until the final quarter of an hour. Mick Berryman, who replaced James McGuckian at centre half after the interval, also played quite well for a while, but, towards the end, the whole Derry defence caved in as Kerry, at last, released their latent scoring power. Liston scored Kerry's goal in the third minute when he moved through two defenders like a skier racing through two of those posts on a slalom run. Tommy Doyle, from a free, put them 1-1 to 0-1 in front in the 11th minute and then Derry took up the running to level the scores, 1-1 to 0-4, at half time. Lynch, Damien Barton, Colm McKee, with a kick as high as a tower, and Young were Derry's first-half scorers. Kerry's passes landed in Derry hands so often in the first half that one wondered if most of the side were afflicted by colour blindness. Derry scored only once in the second half, a point in the 43rd minute from Eugene Donnelly. Paud O'Shea, as stated, set Kerry off with his big kicks from long range and Power scored from play in the 48th minute. That was followed by a Tommy Doyle point from a free, after which McElligott (2), Liston, Power, Tommy Doyle and Pat Spillane knocked half a dozen over tne oar io complete a iorget- table game. Tailpiece: The small crowd got poor value for their money from the double bill (the admission pnee to the Hogan Stand was 4) and they could not be bbmed for complaining that the public address system was not used to inform them of the changes in Kerry's line- out and the identity of substitutes during the course of the game. KERRY: C Nelligan: J Dcnlhan, V O'Connor, M Spillane; P O'Shea (0-2, ont 50, one free), T Kennellv, G Lvnch; J O'Shea, S Walsh; J L McElligott (0-'2), T SpUlane, T Doyle (0-3, one free); G Power (0-2), E Liston (1-1), J Doyle. Subs A O'Donovan for J Doyle (hair time); P Spillane (0-1) for O'Donovan (52 mins). DERRY: J Somcrs; T Moore, F Trainor. B Trainor; F Johnston. J McGuckian, G O'Loughlm. J trwin, D Barton (0-1); E Donnelly (0-1), M Lynch (0-1) F McCloskey; C McKee (0-1). P Dougan. B O'Neill Subs E Young (0-1) for Dougan (20 mins); M Berryman for McGuckian (half time); B Kelly for MtX'loskev (53 nuns). Referee: J Gunning (Offaly). Offaly's Matt Connor gets in his kick at goal despite the close marking of Mark Turley of Down in yesterday's National Football League Quarter-final at Croke Park. Photograph: Tom Lawlor GAA IN BRIEF NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE Quarter-finals Offaly 1-9, Down 0-12; Kerry 1-11. Derry 0-5. NATIONAL HURLING LEAGUE Division Two Wicklow 1-H. Mayo 0-4; Kildare 4-12. Armagh 2-12; Meath 4-12, Roscommon 2-2. Down's top ks HI b DOWN 0-12; OFFALY 1-9 GREG BI ANEY. Down's stylish centre forward contributed half of his team's score in their drawn match with Offaly in the National Football League quarter-final at Croke Park yesterday, but it will be his extraordinary failures which will be remembered. He drove the ball wildly wide of an open goal in the first half and then was badly short with a free kick which would have decided the match just before the end But, if Down were prodigal with their chances, Offaly were even worse and their total of Id wides in the course of the match is a sad reflection on their players and their failure to master the most basic skill of the game. Yet, it was the quick eye and sharp reflexes of Matt Connor which gave them the goal which kepi them in control of Tor most ol the match. Connor was in like a whippet after John Guinan's target at last moment angled pass in the sixth minute to deflect the ball past Pat Donnan for the only goal of the game. Had his colleagues and rivals been as nimble and as inspired there would have been a Hood of scoring which would have put the scoreboard into a spin. Not that scoring would have made much difference to the dull atmosphere and rather halfhearted efforts of the players or given the crowd of just over 5,000 any better value for their money. The standard of football was never much above the mediocre and it was only the enthusiasm of the' supporters -.if the Ulster teams which gave an air of competitiveness to the two games. Down will be pleased enough with the dtaw for they were trailing throughout the match until the 25th minute when Blaney brought them level for the first time. By that stage the centre orward had suddenly discovered his accurac) and that point was his third in as man) minutes. Had he been in similar, form in the 12th minute, there might have been a much different outcome. With the Offaly defence in some thing of a muddle and their goalkeeper Denis Wynne advancing from his line in desperation, Blaney, from no more than six yards and with a yawning net in front of him, drove the ball wide. His team-mate, Damien Morgan, followed up with two misses which were almost as bad and Blaney himself also shot wide from a good chance as Down let Offaly off the hook. The Leinster champions had started impressively and a good shot from John Guinan was well saved by Pat Donnan as they pressed forward and. although they also missed simple chances of scores, they found themselves ahead by l-l in the sixth minute both scores coming from Matt Connor. Paddy O'Rourke seorcd a beautiful point for Down in the seventh minute and Brendan McGovern added another before Blaney and Morgan missed those simple chances. It was now Offaly's turn but when Guinan and Pat Fitzgerald tried tor goals Donnan brought off a marvellous double save to deny them. Down had another chance soon after this when John McCartan- and Damien Morgan , swept through the Offaly defence after Ambrose Rodgers had again won possession at midfield. Brendan McGovern appeared at the end of the move but blazed the ball over the bar when a goal seemed a more likely outcome. When Offaly came back with Points from Gerry Carroll and Pat itzgerald to give Offaly a goal lead Down seemed to be slipping away but Blaney at last found the range and Paddy O'Rourke dashed through for another good point to leave them only a point behind at half time. Offaly surged forward again at the start of the second half and Padraig Dunne and Brendan Lowry widened the gap to three- points again. Down brought on Liam Austin at this stage with Ambrose Rodgers moving Into the half forward line but Offalv continued to exert full control and Matt Connor took a point from a sideline free with a beautiful kick to Give them a four-point lead. Down refused to give up, however, and after lim McCartan and Brendan Lowry had exchanged points, frees by Blaney and Brendan McGovern revived Down's morale. Gerry Carroll pointed for Offaly but there followed Blaney's hat-trick of points to bring the scores level. He levelled again three minutes later after Dunne had punched a Lowry lob over the bar for Offaly. SHORT TIME There followed Blaney's chance to win the game but he struck his free from 40 yards with the wind behind hkn short into the goalmouth. It was cleared before the referee. Kevin Campbell from Meath. signalled a draw with half a minute remaining on the stop watch. When the replay takes place on April 4th, also in Croke Park, much will depend on whether or not the sides are capable of making the most of their chances. Yesterday, Down played some neat incisive football from defence through midfield but when the 40 yard mark was reached they seemed to lose themselves, Their midfielders Ambrose Rodgers and Paddy O'Rourke can claim a lot of the credit for the draw and Mark Thurlcy, Mickey Sands and Ned King in defence were in good form. The attack, however, needs a lot of shooting practice and if this aspect of their game can be put right they might well reach the semi-finals. Offaly will also have learned a lesson from the operation. Their defence, too, was sound with Michael Lowry, Liam Connor. Charlie Conroy, and Stephen Darby always willing to play constructively but. unfortunately, were it not for the opportunism of Matt Connor in taking the goal when the chance came, they might not have lived to fight another day. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52f833641 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +2 GAP*61 FITZGERALD'S EIGHT MONTHS AS FREE STATE PREMIER IS cu honesty mate lyinepti BY KEVIN BURKE GARRET FitzGerald's eight- month term of office as Free State premier, which ended in Leinster House on Tuesday, March 9th, was the shortest premiership in the history ofthe state. It ended with his credibility in tatters and his ineptitude exposed. In the dying hours of his government, on Monday night, the Fine Gael leader U-turned for the last time, uselessly abandoning the supposed sacrosanct strictures of his vicious budget on VAT, subsidies and taxation of social welfare in a final vain attempt to buy the necessary independent votes and win the all-important prize of power. And capital projects at Whitegateoil refinery, Arigna mines and Dublin's port and docks site were blithely promised at a cost which put the unmentionable Knock airport in the shade. If his political acumen before the January budget had matched his lust for power after it, the general election need not have taken place and he could still be in office today. HUNGER-STRIKE It was on June 30th last year that Garret FitzGerald's coalition government took over from that of Charles Haughey, who had, to all intents and purposes, lost the general election because of his inaction on the H Block hunger- strike. FitzGerald, in the first heady hours of office pinpointed the hunger-strike as his most urgent priority. Four hunger-strikers were already dead at that time; six more were to die. In the next days he held a meeting with the British ambassador, significantly veiled in secrecy. And his first meeting with the hunger- strikers' relatives on July 3rd, was lengthy, but already concentrating on persuading them to undermine the protest. But following the death of Joe McDonnell on July 8th, FitzGerald, raising the hunger- strike for the first time in Leinster House, placed the onus for tho deaths on the British government. He dispatched two of his senior ministers to London, and later called on United States president Ronald Reagan and the EEC to intervene. That was the high-point of his hunger-strike effort. Discovering that actions were needed to back up his words, he began to back off and by tho end of July was publicly attempting to wash his hands of tho crisis. His statements from then on laid the blame on the IRA leaden ship not the British government. In the middle of August, relatives of the hunger-strikers were forcibly removed from government buildings. ECONOMY Meanwhile, Garret FitzGerald was well into breaking his first set of economic electoral promises. From the beginning of his government's term the cry went up that things were much worse economically than he had imagined and in fact the state was on the verqe of bank ruptcy. His first budget in mid-July, with a plethora of punitive measures, signalled that the electoral goodies wore not going to be delivered. Two days after getting it through Leinster House he sought to silence criticism within his own party, and his coalition allies, the Labour Party, by declaring a long summer holiday for the parliament to the end of October. But throughout the summer the voices of protest, among his own supporters and the vital independents, grew louder, spurred on, as August drew to a close, by a speech from his right-wing Minister for Industry John Kelly, Garret FitzGerald's meeting with Margaret Thatcher in London in November last year brought more evidence of his political ineptitude and of his readinoss to collaborate likening social welfare recipients to 'cannibal piglets'. Almost continuous price increases fuelled the grumblings and in September when FitzGerald went to chop the Tuam sugar factory as part of his 'lame ducks' policy, the outcry forced him to retract. In November, forty thousand angry farmers marched on Dublin in piotest at their worsening economic conditions. FitzGerald turned his attention then to wage costs and, as the centralised pay-deal talks headed for collapse, launched a verbal attack on workers' living standards which was enthusiastically taken up by employers' organisations. But here again, there was disappointment with his big talk when, as the year closed, he agreed a public sector pay increase of 15 , which although well below inflation rates, was most displeasing to pnvate sector employers. CRUSADE Under pressure politically because of his inability to take any effective economic action, FitzGerald, in September, hit, partly by accident, on a handy diversion. With monumental hypocrisy, and with much pious reference to Tone and Davis, he launched what became known as his 'constitutional crusade'. Supposed to be a total reform of the Free State constitution of 1937, it was primarily aimed, not at lemoving social injustice in the South, but at wooing loyalists in the North. His concentration on the removal of Articles 2 and 3 from the constitution, which claim territorial jurisdiction over thirty-two counties, and Ins description of the Free State as sectarian, won him praise ftom Doth the former Vanguard leader, now Official Unionist, William Craig, and from the murderous Ulster Defence Association. With the hunger-strike over in October, FitzGerald felt the way cleai for more extended collaboration with Britain. A meeting with Northern direct-ruler James Prior in Dublin preceded a summit in London with British premier Margaret Thatcher on November 6th. LONDON Before FitzGerald went to London he was nicely set up by Charles Haughey, who claimed that out of the Anglo-Irish study groups, which he had himself instigated with Thatcher, would come great things including a three-tier Anglo- Irish Council which should be announced at the forthcoming meeting. FitzGerald returned from London with an Anglo-Irish Council which was merely a name stuck on the existing system of meetings between government leaders and civil servants. He did not have the third tier, much-vaunted by Haughey, of a council of parliamentary members from London and Dublin. In London, FitzGerald had been craven. Humiliated by Britain's contempt for its weak hunger-strike protests, and trumpeting abroad that his state was bankrupt, he cut a sorry figure. To win his way back into Britain's good books he promised further collaboration in the future by way of joint courts to include Northern judges to try political offences in the South and by allowing RUC men to interrogate suspects in Free State garda stations. Meanwhile, both sides agreed to give the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act a further try as an alternative to extradition, and by the end of his term in office FitzGerald had six of the Crumlin Road escapees imprisoned by the Dublin Special Court and the first Irishman in the same dock for political offences alleged to have taken place in England. Also, on the home front, legislation was being prepared to extend already repressive legislation, to end the right to bail, the right to silence in custody and further extend garda powers. CENSORSHIP But Garret FitzGerald will not just be remembered for his ardent collaboration with Britain nor for the viciousness of his economic measures in breach of his election promises. There were plenty of other memorable points which left his personal imprint on the office of Free State premier. Although a supposed liberal, he has nothing to show from his term to support this image. On the question of political censorship he displayed his attitude by the appointment of the hard-line Patrick Cooney as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. In August, he drew widespread criticism at home, and derision abroad, by banning the newly elected Westminster MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Owen Carron, from RTE. And in the January election FitzGerald's determination to silence his republican critics, inspired an extension on the ban on Sinn Fein, which backfired when the enabling legislation was ruled unconstitutional by a High Court judge. JOBBERY Among the few grateful admirers who FitzGerald will have won for his period as premier are the British agents, the Littlejohn brothers, and the loyalist bomber Norman Parkinson of the UDA, all of whom were freed early from Mountjoy prison. There are also several beneficiaries of his corrupt patronage in the form of highly- paid jobs in the government and civil service. During his short spell, an array of political appointments of this kind include several of his political cronies and their relatives, including his own son and daughter-in-law. Even in the dying days of his government the hypocrite who had previously denounced political jobbery made partisan appointments in the garda, the judiciary and to state bodies. Garret FitzGerald goes down as yet another Irish leader who has failed and betrayed his people. Eight months of Garret FitzGerald were more than enough. Dublin's Clemency for UDA Prisoner The surprise release from Mountjoy Prison of UDA man Frederick Parkinson has produced some criticism alleging that the same humanitarian concern is not extended to Republican prisoners on either side of the Border. Parkinson (37), the father of two children, was serving a 12- year sentence for an attempted firebomb blitz in Dublin. He was convicted of having incendiary devices and firearms in 1977. He would have been due for release in 1986 with full remission. But, following intervention on his behalf by various people and organizations, he has been given a full remission on humanitarian grounds on condition that he does not come back into the Free State. For much of his period in Mountjoy, Parkinson shared accommodations in the prison's basement with the Littlejohn brothers who were released last year, also on humanitarian grounds, with half their sentences still to serve. Among the organizations which worked for Parkinson's release was the Catholic lay organization, the Knights of St. Colum- banus. Among the individuals who helped were Bishop Com- iskey, one of Dublin's auxiliary Catholic bishops, and a Unionist former mayor of Belfast, John Carson. Carson became friendly with the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Fine Gael TD Fergus O'Brien, and last year they went on a joint tour of the United States. Carson admits that O'Brien opened up negotiations for him with the result that he met Dr. Garret FitzGerald and the then Minister for Justice, Jim Mitchell. James Eccles, until recently Supreme Knight in Ireland of the Knights of St. Columbanus, says that, together with Denis Maloney, also a Knight, and the solicitor who defended Parkinson, he visited him in prison on a number of occasions. Afterwards, they made representation to the Minister for Justice. At a press conference at UDA headquarters in Belfast, Parkinson praised the humanitarian policies of Fine Gael. They were the people who released me, and I am very grateful, he said. He added that he now regrets having gone into the Free State with the intention of doing damage. He had been treated well in prison and those Catholics and Protestants who had intervened to bring about his release contrasted starkly with certain Loyalist politicians whom he didn't name. He said that he would be remaining a member of the UDA. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..671c9c210 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +RecifooaL V The St Patrick's Day Parades across America demonstrated the growing support for the struggle for Irish freedom. In numerous cities this was shown by naming Bobby Sands honorary grand marshal. The recent Newark parade was no exception. Although Irish Northern Aid and the Irish National Caucus of New Jersey, Inc. (as distinct from the Washington-based Caucus) are active and have a great deal of support in the Newark area, the parade leaders have consistently taken a non-political stand This year, however, Republican supporters showed their strength to New Jersey the Free State-loving officials. Bridie Vesey from Rathmullen, Co. Donegal, and her husband Brendan from Ballaghadereen, Co. Mayo, as Deputy Grand Marshal and Assistant Adjutant respectively, used their influence to change the attitude of the parade committee. As a result of their efforts, when John Brady of the Irish National Caucus of New Jersey, Inc., made a motion to formally invite Sean Sands and his family to the parade, it was unanimously approved. A big thanks to the Vesey family for helping to put the parade committee in the right direction. A little bit of Ireland took over Hackensack last March 14th, as more than 2,500 ofthe faithful marched in Bergen County's first county wide St. Patrick's Day parade. A bright sun softened a stiff westerly breeze that ripped at flags and banners and chilled the estimated 8,000 spectators. The hour-long parade followed 1 -mile route down Main Street from Anderson Avenue to The Green, opposite the courthouse. A riderless horse honored Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands and nine other hunger strikers who died in a North Ireland prison last year. Sands was honorary grand marshal of the parade. Bronx INA The Bronx Unit of Irish Northern Aid held a very successful social at the Broadstone Inn last Friday evening. Sean Sands held the audience captive and will undoubtedly do so again at the Riverdale Steakhouse, 259th Street and Riverdale Avenue, Bronx, Thursday evening, March 25 th. Irish music lovers will have a double treat as Sean and Joe Banjo Burke contribute their talent for the evening. There will be a buffet, compliments of proprietor Terry Connaughton. Delaware Valley Chapters of INA Presents Philadelphia The QE II The Philadelphia City Administration apparently feels that Irish and Irish- Americans haven't suffered enough... Now our tax dollars are being spent to slap us in the face, by the arrival of England's pleasure ship, the Queen Elizabeth II... Demonstrate YOUR outrage Sunday, April 25 th, 1982 at 1:00 P.M. Packer Delaware Avenues, Philadelphia, Pa. For Information Call: 288-8298, 352-8148, 755-1069, (609)267-8098 The Delaware Valley Chapters of INA will demonstrate on Sunday, April 25 th in protest against the Philadelphia arrival of the Queen Elizabeth 2 , England's greatest shipbuilding blunder since the Titanic . The protest starting at 1 p.m., at Packer and Delaware Ave. in Philadelphia, will let the city administration know that the spending of tax dollars to welcome this carrier of England's imperial flag is an outrage to American citizens. As Irish children continue to be targets for British Army plastic-bullet gunmen, English foreign office and economic bigwigs are planning to impress the city that is the cradle of hard-won American liberty. English accents and a patronizing attitude toward colonials are all that the ill- starred vessel has to offer, however. This is a ship that was outdated before its keel was laid. Its turbines gave an embarrassing black eye to British craftsmanship when they failed repeatedly in trials. In service, at least two serious breakdowns of machinery and piping have left the hulk wallowing dead in the sea, while passengers took to boats or impatiently waited return of water to bathrooms. Aptly named, in view of the dowdiness and lack of style of its furnishings and accommodations, Queen Elizabeth 2 is seeking unwary cruise passengers who will tolerate mutton in various disguises. Meanwhile, the far superior food, accommodation, service and attitude ofthe crews of Dutch, Italian, Trench and Scandinavian ships continue to drain business from this ship of shame , as her own crew took to calling her in disgust some years ago. Delaware Valley INA chapters ask support for the protest Remember the Hunger Strike Martyrs, and be present Sunday afternoon. April 25th. Rockland Rockland County Irish Northern Aid's monthly meeting will be on Sunday March 28, 1982. 2:30 p.m., at the Celtic Inn, 51 Route 303, Tappan, NY. A question and answer seminar on north Ireland will be led by a guest speaker. All are welcome. Light refreshments will be served For further information, call Marie (914) 3574381 or Carole (914) 354-6924. Irish Coffee Club The Irish Coffee Club held its monthly meeting on March 9th at the Hibernian Club in Elizabeth. Danny Sheedy, member 268, bought Irish coffee for all members present 2 CO X w o r o to -J Wolfe Tone Memorial At Bodenstown June 20, 1982 Departing June 13, 1982 Return flights On June 20th, June 27th, July 4th 399,00 Deposit Date Extended Until March 31 Minimum deposit: 50.00 Call: MCA Travel at (201) 733-4000 Ask for Gail McManus Bronx Unit - INA Will Hold A Social 'JeWup Pojwauy/ttoiiU Stepwise y .n 5700 Riverdale A venue (at 259//. Street) Bronx, New York Thursday, March 25th From 9:00 P.M. till ? Entertainment By: Joe Banjo'j Burke Special Guest Appearance By: Sean Sands / at lUiflet Donation: 5.00./// Welcome I 1 Make Your First Stop The Last Stop Bar Restaurant 597 West 207th Street at Broadway Jlul plates and Sandwiches Served from 11:00 A.M. Mon. thru Fri. Urn i idi Served from J 2:00 Noon, Sat. Sun. Your Hosts: John Matty (212)567-9180 L DEADLINES OUR PRINTING SCHEDULE REQUIRES THAT ALL LETTERS, REGIONAL NEWS ITEMS, ADVERTISEMENTS AND COMMUNITY EVENTS BE RECEIVED NO LATER THAN TWELVE NOON ON THE SATURDAY BEFORE THE ISSUE DATE. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2b9b585a --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + lt;N -C o s w p. o w Ph 00 2 HnHnsnuBn rditorial Perhaps the most significant event the many colonies on several continents h in Ireland last week, was largely from which the British have been t overlooked by American newspapers, ejected by armed struggle. i It occurred in a Belfast City Court IRISH VIEW during the trial of a Protestant and The Irish view is dramatically pro-British Loyalist, Robert McConnell, different The existence of any sectarian for the assassination of Protestant but divisions is merely a manifestation of Nationalist John Turnly. That an the old British. tactic divide and Ulster Defense Association member conquer . The British have consciously should assassinate a Protestant poli- divided the people of Ireland by tician in what is often wrongly described awarding Protestants a privileged as a sectarian conflict bears some status in jobs, housing and political import But the significance of that power. Protestants, in response to this aspect ofthe case and ofthe continued guarantee of sectarian favoritism, legality of the UDA were completely have become generally loyal to the overshadowed by McConnell's speech British. The Nationalist population at the culmination of the trial. For ruled exclusively by British troops McConnell, a convicted UDA assassin, and British force, seeks an end of admitted that he had acted in coopera- British rule and the re-establishment tion with a British Army Strategic Air of national self-government The bene- Services( SAS) squad. He named two ficiaries are the British themselves, SAS troopers, Sgt. Thomas Aiken' who rule part of Ireland in accordance and Corporal McGow, who helped with British economic interests and direct his brutal activities and detailed dominate government in the Free the assistance in terms of weapons, State through partition. British troops uniforms and military intelligence are in Ireland to defend British colonial which the British provided McConnell interests, and sectarianism is fostered lastly noted that the SAS had suggested because it is an essential part of the Turnly as a target, as well as other colonial system. The British thus targets, notably Bernadette McAliskey collaborate actively with Loyalist and Miriam Daly, who would later be paramiliaries like the Ulster Defense the victims of other UDA assassins. Association, a legal entity, because BRITISH An Irish historian in publishing a compilation of Irish prisoners' speeches from the docks of British court- they too defend British rule. LAST WEEK Last week these views were evident on both sides of the Atlantic. In uhs; tpuop s ' . itcJ St.tr. The Year of the Irish J-lunger Strike An American Tribute The Hunger Strike Memorial Book wwwwim rooms began by lamenting, Was it America, both Free State head Charles not enough that the British become Haughey and the self-proclaimed the unjust owners of the soil of Friends of Ireland pontificated in Ireland, but must they own the world's America about a solution to the ear also? The version of the twelve conflict Both spoke of Irish unity but year struggle in Ireland which the spoke of it in terms of changing British have tried to foist upon the Loyalist attitudes so that benign world's ear is one which portrays Britain might withdraw. Meanwhile, them as reluctant peacemakers passively in a Belfast Court, a Loyalist Ulster inserting themselves as barriers between Defense Association member admitted feuding sectarian communities in the that he had received weapons, uniforms six counties. All conflict, the British information and a target for assassina- propagandists assert, stems from the tion. That target, John Turnly, was a Irish Republican Army or from pro- Protestant Turnly was assassinated British Loyalist paramilitaries. The at the behest of British SAS troopers, British will remain only so long as the because he opposed British rule in the majority wishes. Beneficent Britain, north of Ireland. Last week Robert bringing reasonableness and ordered McConnell demonstrated again that colonial government to the natives any solution based on the view of unsuited by nature to govern them- Britain as a reluctant intermediary selves. It is a propaganda version rather than a colonial oppressor, was used again and again by the British in predicated upon a lie. Published ..eekh b ITU IRISH PEOPLE, INC. Ownei and Publisher: rill IRISH PFOPI I. INC..-W5I Broadway, A contribution of 25.00 or more will secure for you or your organization a copy of The Year of the J-lunger Strike - An American Tribute and a listing in the volume. We do not plan to categorize contributions by amount but encourage individuals and groups to give as generously as possible to this effort Special graphic pages will be designed for contributions which exceed 500.00. SUBSCRIPTION FORM Please Print Clearly To A void Error Listing. Address City State .Zip Telephone Number Contribution Send listing and a contribution to: MEMORIAL BOOK Irish Northern Aid/IPO W Committee 4951 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10034 toflsSh GIVE YOUR FRIENDS THE FASTEST GROWING IRISH NEWSPAPER IN THE UNITED STATES Learn the truth about England's war in Ireland and keep up with the news from Ireland and the United States. A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER This is a gift your friends will thank you for all year. Just fill in the coupon below., PLEASE SEND THE IRISH PEOPLE FOR ONE YEAR TO: Name Address City Zip ENCLOSED PLEASE FIND 12.00 U.S. Mailing oneyear 15.00 Canadian Mailing one year 18.00 Ireland All Other Countries one year THIS IS A GIFT FROM: Name /vuaress City Zip MAIL TO: THE IRISH PEOPLE 4951 Broadway New York, New York 10034 (212)567-1611 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2e9789356 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +K/ lt;?u' ? expressed here by lt; - w? letter writers, bv regular LETTERS xxdm lt;; io/turn VIEWPOINTS columnists, and all other signed connibutors, are those ofthe authon and not necess arily those of the publishers. Against The Parade? Propaganda New York Times Letters to the Editor New York, N.Y. To the Editor So Edward Langley wants to abolish the St Patrick's Day parade (In Here's One Irish Vote Against the Parade, 3/10/82)... I suppose he'd also like to abolish the Fourth of July I am first generation Irish- American and proud of both cultures. Mr. Langley's claim to Irishism is a few jigs on his Dear Sirs, Once again we have witnessed the champions of human rights at work - namely, the last Fine Gael government in their release ofthe UDA man, Mr. Frederick Parkinson. We write this letter bearing absolutely no enmity or rancour at Mr. Parkinson's release. However, it is a sad shame that none of this humanitarian- ism was directed towards the plight of Irish prisoners in British jails. For two years we have been requesting relevant Irish minis- To the Editor Americans and Irishmen have, in many ways, a common heritage. The nation of each was a victim of English despotism. Americans drove the English from their shores. They had their Yorktown. The Irish still await theirs. In many ways, America owes a debt of gratitude to the sons of Erin, for 50 of George Washington's rebel army was composed of Irishmen. The British government has officially said so. American army muster rolls say so. And precious few of these Irishmen were so-called Scotch Irish . If we are to believe the official records ofthe British government including parliamentary debates, America was lost through the Irish. A review of American muster rolls records the fact that Southern Irish names dominated. English General James Robertson testified before a British parliamentary committee that half of the rebel army was from Ireland . General Clinton wrote his government in London, the emigrants from Ireland were, in general, to be looked upon as our most serious antagonists . After the war was over, Lord Mountjoy exclaimed in the House of Commons, America was lost by Irish emigrants Ireland had America detached from her by force ofthe Irish emigrants. Note that it was the Irish the government blamed, not the Scotch Irish . Even the French regiments aiding Washington stereo. If he knew anything about Ireland's problem, he would know that it is a matter of denial of civil and human rights that led Bobby Sands to sacrifice his life on a hunger strike to focus world attention on the plight of his people. Why would a man proclaiming to be Irish refer to those of his own ethnic background as this minority ?? Is it because he's so totally assimilated that he has no ethnicity, or because he was brought up on a diet of In British Prison ters to concern themselves and use their influence to seek an improvement in the inhuman conditions and harassment under which our brother, Patrick Hackett, has been subjected to for the past six years in Brixton, Wormwood Scrubs and Wakefield jails (confirmed by Amnesty International). Our brother is physically handicapped and is in his third year of solitary confinement Regretfully, our attempts at ministerial intervention have so far proved unsuccessful. We, the family of Patrick America's Debt were in part made up ofthe Irish brigade under Walsh and Dilloa US Army archives report the facts. They list 221 Irishmen named Burke, 327 O'Connors, 695 Kellys, 331 McCarthys, 494 Murphys, 322 Ryans,-266 Sullivans, 178 0'Neils,231 O' Briens, 243 Connellys and 285 Reillys, just to mention a very few Gaelic names. These are hardly the names of Scotch Irish soldiers. Irishmen fought British tyranny at Bunker Hill, including men with such Gaelic names as Colonel Dan Moore, Captain Thomas McLaughlin, Privates Dan McGrath, John Barrett, Thomas Collins, George Shannon, John Dillon, Thomas Doyle and Dan Callahan. Gaelic was commonly spoken by rebel troops. George Washington became a member ofthe Friendly Sons of St. Patrick since so many of his troops were Irish. Irish soldiers in the British regiments immediately deserted to the rebels on reaching America. The first rebel Congress included Irishmen named Sullivan, Fitzsimmons, Duane, Carrol, McHenry, Hartnett Kearney and Heney, just to name a few. Irish rebel generals included James Hogan, John Kelley, John Dooley, John Shea, Hercules Mooney, Steven Moylan, all Irish-born. The Irish began arriving in America as early as 1621, according to American archives. The great Shenandoah Valley was called the Irish tract long before the Revolutionary War. fortified stupidity? The Irish are as downtrodden today as they were and that is attested to by the pro-British slanted reporting by the media and the closing down of an exhibit on Irish history by an individual in the Customs Dept who, at the behest of a minor official of the British Information Services, informed us that unless Ireland changes its history, he will not allow the public to see it. Maureen O'Driscoll Hackett, as contributors to the up-keep of such ministers in their influential positions, hope that relevent ministers of the present government will now press their British counterparts to reciprocate a like humanitar- anism as has been evinced in the Littlejohns' and Parkinson cases - a gesture that will achieve a tangible improvement in our brother's confinement. Bridget Hackett for the Hackett family, Nenagh, Co. Tipperary. Approximately 200,000 Irishmen arrived in the American colonies before the war started. The famine emigration of the 1840s was actually the second great flood of Irish immigrants. The rebel army in Pennsylvania was called the Irish Line since it contained so many Irish troops. Wexford-born John Barry was called the Father of the Rebel Navy.. Yes, there was a small minority of Irishmen with non-Gaelic names as well, but they considered and called themselves Irishmen, not Scotch Irish. They stood with solid patriots like Wolfe Tone and McCracken, Irishmen all. Washington never referred to the Scotch Irish as there were none in those days. That term is a recent invention. Ulstermen contributed their proportionate share in freeing America including the O'Dohertys, O'Neils, O'Kellys, Maguires, etc., but Southern Ireland supplied the vast bulk of Washington's rebel army. So much for the British- created myth of the so-called Scotch Irish . Various Stormont governments and the British government failed to cite the fact that the families of Presidents Grant, Wilson, McKinley and others fled British tyranny in the colonies. Their English oppressors have, in recent years, enshrined the ancestral homes of the very people they drove out of Ulster. James C. Heaney Buffalo, NY To the Editor On Thursday, March 11,1982 at about 9:15 p.m. (NY time), the BBC broadcast a commentary by one David Beresford called Ulster Newsletter , apparently a regular weekly feature. Mr. Beresford was proclaiming from Belfast the good news that the people of Northern Ireland seemed to be coming to their senses and at long last realizing that religion and politics don't mix . The cause of this jubilation was the fact that the Rev. Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party candidate in a Parliamentary by-election, Rev. William McCrea, had run a poor third -behind the second place candidate of the non-sectarian Alliance Party (David Cook) and the winning candidate (with a comfortable 5000 vote majority) of the establishment Official Unionist Party. This news was celebrated as a step away from the madness of sectarian politics back toward a more stable and secular political life. But what is the identity of this champion of non-sectarian, establishment common sense Unionism? None other than the Rev. Martin Smyth, the exalted Grandmaster of the Orange Order In his pamphlet The Battle for Northern Ireland, the Rev. Smyth, through some painfully contorted reasoning, proves that it is the Catholics who have terrorized the Protestants for fifty years Leon Uris (inIreland- A Terrible Beauty, p. 183) calls Martin Smyth the real article, a genuine uncomplex bigoL..mus- cle-bound by his own medio crity... . Maintaining the unmaintainable and rationalizing the unrational, Rev. Smyth remains dedicated to the founding principle of Orangeism: allegiance to the Crown, upholding the Protestant Ascendancy, and hatred of Catholics. Mr. Beresford's delight it would seem, is that the rough and redneck style of Paisleyite bigotry has been forced to take a back seat to the hoped-for and more apparently respectable institutionalized discrimination ofthe Gentlemen's Lodges . The point is not whether or not you accept the Irish Republican premise that it is the lesson of history that the Irish nation has made progress towards the restoration of liberty and of national sovereignty in Ireland only through physical force or the threat of physical force. Nor is the point the desirability ofthe ultimate peaceful reunification of Ireland. The point is that whatever its good points, when it comes to reporting on Ireland, the BBC is mendaciously misstating the facts and is being used plainly and simply as a tool of English government propaganda in the very worst sense of the term. But then again, do we consult Radio Moscow for the truth about Poland? Where Ireland is concerned it is the English who are (as J. Edgar Hoover rightly said of the Communists) the Masters of Deceit . Kenneth Tierney Freedom for All Ireland Com. AOH Westchester County d as oo o lt; / gt; H X m lt; GO X W O r w as r to o vo oo Senator Mathias To the Editor: Thank you for getting in touch with me to express your concern about S. 1639, the Extradition . Act of 1981, which is currently being considered by the Senate Judiciary Committee. The bill has been amended slightly and reintroduced as S. 1940. S. 1940 would replace our outdated extradition law with a codification of current case law and practice in this area. The bill would make one major change it would authorize the Secretary of State, rather than the courts, to decide whether the offense for which extradition is being sought is of a political nature. If Congress adopts this change, it will shift the determination of a political offense from a neutral, apolitical body like the courts, to a proponent of political policies in the Executive branch. This shift could threaten long-established- norms of due process and our long tradition of providing a refuge for victims of political prosecution. This proposed change has an other potential disadvantage. To place that decision with the Executive branch might force the President to make judgments that would cause embarrassment in his conduct of foreign relations. Similar concerns prompted us in 1976 to shift from the Department of State to the courts the decision on whether or not to grant a foreign sovereign's request for immunity. I will take a careful look at S. 1940 with these considerations in mind, and will try to make sure that it contains procedural safeguards for the accused. In fact I understand that the Administration itself is considering amendments to S. 1940 that would provide additional protection in this important area. I appreciate your expression of interest in the extradition bill. You may be sure that I will have your views in mind as the bill is debated by the Committee and the full Senate. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. United States Senator Maryland + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..843883e02 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +00 ON cs p W o w Oh CO W H 00 ., 1... r . . i i.. - i ...,.,.,j - . ... .: :. The Religious Dimension Part III Fr. James Wixted, a native of Co. Limerick, was ordained for the diocese of Portsmouth, England, where he labored as a priest for forty years. Thirty years of his priestly ministry were spent in St. John Vianney parish, Wantage, Oxfordshire, a parish he founded in 1951. He designed and helped build the rectory and church towards which the diocese had been able to contribute only 500 pounds from central funds. Like many other Irish priests working in similar areas, Fr. Wixted had relied on family and friends in Ireland to help financially. His own family had contributed 10,000 pounds and, during his thirty years in the parish, he himself had not drawn a formal salary. So far, the Fr. James Wixted story is typical of that of many Irish- born priests and religious attached to dioceses in England, Scotland and Wales. In Memoriam Fr. Wixted attracted national attention by offering Masses for the Price sisters when they were being force fed while on hunger strike, for the local MP Airey Neave following his assassination and for Bobby Sands. The Mass for Bobby Sands was the subject of Mrs. Thatcher s comment in the House of Commons: This is a matter on which a number of us feel very deeply indeed, and why the feel ings and thoughts of most of us are with the victims of the Provisional IRA. Tory MP Tom Beynon complained to Fr. Wix- ted's bishop, the Rt Rev. Anthony Emery, who is quoted under the headline Priest rapped in row over Mass in the Daily Express of 5/11/81: This can be misinterpreted as condoning what he has done. Any political activity in connection with the celebration of Mass is forbiddea The summer after saying the controversial Mass, Fr. Wixted retired but returned to Wantage after Bishop Emery issued a statement saying that he had honorably retired . This, Fr. Wixted protested, was untrue. He had, in fact, been forced into early retirement because he had offered a Mass for Bobby Sands. The Irish Post (10/31/81) reports the events in the church in Wantage following the statement by Fr. Wixted: Two male members of the congregation then mounted the altar and attempted to remove Fr. Wixted forcibly. Two others intervened to protect the priest and one ofthe assailants was heard to say: 'If you don't get him out, I'll kill himV The Irish Post reported also that the diocese of Portsmouth had conducted an internal inquiry into Fr. Wixted's appeal against early retirement Fr. Wixted claimed the inquiry was incom- Heirs: Mrs. Paisley, Ian Paisley and Peter Robinson plete and was planning to meet the Apostolic Delegate in London. Hitler's Heirs Actually, in one respect, Fr. Wixted may have been lucky, because he could have been detained under the PT Act A London-based nun her name is not given here for obvious reasons wrote recently in a letter requesting the name and address of some Senate members in Albany: Meanwhile, the Irish in England are being treated like German Jews under Hitler. Under the Prevention of Terrorism Act, Irish people are hounded and humiliated, rushed to gaol on the slightest pretext, and can be kept for seven days... Women especially are exposed to obscenity and insult, having no washing facility except a public one where they are watched by male warders. Could you Irish-Americans pass on this fact to the Vatican. You carry a great deal of clout still. The letter writer went on to describe how the British Broadcasting Corporation portrayed supporters of Irish Northern Aid being interviewed in America by BBC reporters: In the program shows here, shots of Arma- lite rifles and other weapons were shown here and there in conjunction with the text, thus causing complete distortion of the ideas presented. (To be continued) IT* itumuL A Question For The Irish Tourist Board? St. Patrick's Day 1982 is now history and in New York the banners and flags are almost dry. It was a line soft day in the Big Apple. The green meanics of past years were reduced to a wet few, as New York's finest kept a tight rein on the merrymakers, while I.A.D. (Internal Affairs Division of the Police Department) kept a sharp eye on them. The weather also had a dampening effect on the viewers But as I headed north on Madison from 42nd Street, I remembered a snatch of song: // ain't no use to grumble and complain It's just as cheap and easy to rejoice When God sorts out the weather and sends rain, Why, rain's my choice. So with this refrain sliding around my memory I turned up my collar and tightened my hat as I turned west on 45 th Street Purloined Potables The warnings that had been issued by the Police Department about public intoxication were a reality as I watched a couple oftri-color bedecked kids having their potables purloined by the P.D. I proceeded west as the two youths headed east, summonses in hand. The weather aside, it would be a dry day for these guys. As I neared Fifth Avenue I began to realize that the contingent I was passing was all Noraid. The expectations of a good turnout were a fact and another page in the history o( the hunger strike was being written. Bobby Sands, Honorary' Grand Marshal The election of Bobby Sands as honorary Grand Marshal would not be soon forgotten, by Republican supporters and Free Staters alike. This was evidenced by the politician from Sligo who sat on the reviewing stand as Noraid went by. After a few furtive glances he went into his imitation of an ostrich and if his need for fresh air hadn't been a priority, he would have missed the remainder of the parade. Our upwardly mobile mayor did his best sidewalk act decked out in an Aran sweater and I Love New York muffler. He flashed the thumbs-up signal of the ASUs to the cheering throng. If he doesn't succeed to Hughie's Albany job he would be a natural for the male lead in a revival of Abie's Irish Rose . TV Coverage The TV coverage of the parade by WPIX included the Norr aid marchers without any comment from the usually gregarious Jack McCartny. I gliess job security in these troubled times must be an employee's paramount concern. I hate to say it but old Jack wears the halter well. And while we're on the subject ofthe parade's coverage, how about a hand for the spon sors, Bord Failure and Aer- Libelous, It wouldn't have been the same without them. Another thought comes to mind while on the subject of those tre-foil tailed Tories, what with the disclosure recently by The Irish People of documents pertaining to the Free State's attempts at denying the American public access to spokespersons ofthe Irish Republican movement and the continuing harassment of Noraid by the American government as they insist that the rapidly growing Irish-American organization comply with the Foreign Registration Act Can anyone who attended a picket anywhere in this country during the last year or gave a donation of any amount to help with the humanitarian work ofthe Committee, or even purchased a T-shirt, poster, pin or bumper stick' . travel safely to Ireland ever again? Consider this, if Noraid is forced by the Federal government to comply with Foreign Registration, you by your support ofthe demands of the hunger strikers, through your appearance at a picket rally or demonstration which was sponsored by the Committee, will find yourself in a tenuous position on your next visit to the Sham-State. It's no secret that the representatives of the Free State tried to persuade participating parade contingents not to march on the 17th in any American city that honored the memory of Bobby Sands and his heroic comrades. Of course, this is nothing new for the Ath Cliath quislings, as they have tried over the last decade to dissuade Irish- Americans from supporting the Noraid Committee or any other group of opponents of their support of British oppression and the maintaining of the status quo in occupied Ireland. You can be sure that the rejection of their overtures will not be forgotten, no matter what Charlie fork-tongued during his D.C. visit. They don't like people who don't agree with their collaborationist policies, and you must realize what happens to people who don't agree with them ai home. So before you book your trip, give them a call. They're in the.book, and find out if they will give assurances against any attempts by the Special Branch to harass you or yours when you visit that special place, Ireland . + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0f8951272 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + BY SEAMUS BOYLE DURING AN exhausting three-day trip to Britain two weeks ago Owen Carron, MP, visited five prisons where Irish republican prisoners are incarcerated: Leicester, Albany, Parkhurst, Hull and Wakefield. Carron arrived in Birmingham on Monday, February 22nd, and was met at the airport by Eddie Caughey of Birmingham Sinn Fein. At Leicester jail Carron, after establishing his identity to prison officials, was taken across a courtyard to the Special Security Block (SSB), 'a prison within a prison', in which, behind heavy security, were housed six republicans. He met Brendan Dowd from Tralee, who is serving life after his arrest in Liverpool, and who has completed five years. Alt the time, said Carron, as well as two Screws sitting taking notes there was electronic surveillance... Brendan complained of the boredom and the political censorship of books. But they do get AP/RN. He had wanted to get in the book 'The Dynamite War' but the governor banned it. When Brendan asked for it, he said he couldn't allow it. He asked why not. 7 can't allow people to take refresher courses in my prison/ he said. Brendan replied: 'What makes you think I've forgotten what's in my head?' Carron said that the prisoners spoke about the political progress of Sinn Fein and urged greater involvement in social and economic issues. Pipe-smoking, Belfast man Brian Keenan, serving eighteen years, made no complaint about conditions, 'although repatriation would make visiting handier', and was more concerned with the progress of the war, as were all the prisoners. He sent his regards to his wife Chrissie and asked for a photograph of his grandchild. Carron also met Eddie Butler from Castleconnell, County timerick, one of the famous Balcombe Street men. TEA One of the most amusing happenings of this last visit was the arrival of tea for Eddie and myself, said Carron. I suppose when you're behind six electronic doors and can't blow your nose without a camera looking at you, it's easy to see why they can afford tea. At 3 a.m. the next day Carron and Eddie Caughey travelled to Southampton and on to the Isle of Wight, where Albany and Parkhurst prisons are situated. All Irish POWs are category 'A', high- risk, explained a senior prison officer to me. This is why visiting was so restricted, he said in defence. The first POW I saw was Tony Clarke, a tall athletic Belfast man, with five years left to serve. Like all POWs he had been moved around a lot. He was glad to see me as were all the lads there. 'Everyone is sound here,' he said. There were eight republicans and spirits were high. Repatriation for 'lifers' was the main issue, he said. There would be twenty to thirty out over the next two years and only the 'lifers' left. Something would have to be done. He sent his regards to his nephews, Michael Fitzsimmons and Joe Clarke in H-Blocks, to Mickey Reilly and Gerry Small in Wakefield and to his sister. Belle Fitzsimmons, in Lenadoon. James Bennett from Belfast was the i next man to come in. He told me they were strip-searched before and after visits. He had been picked up in Southampton and he too had done the rounds. Roy Walsh from Belfast was a man in high spirits even though he was in some pain when I saw him. Roy, who was force-fed for a time along with the Price sisters and Kelly and Feeney, complained of a stomach ailment. The authorities, even though the prison doctor had recommended X-ray treatment were refusing to bring him the necessary two hundred yards next door to Parkhurst to the X-ray machine. Such is typical of the vindictiveness of the prison administration, and such revenge brought death to Sean O'Connaill, through lack of medical attention. Stephen Blake from Donegal had just arrived from Hull prison. His case is typical of the hardship inflicted on POWs and relatives. Stephen has had no visits for three- and-a-half years. Every time he has one arranged he is moved to some other location. Stephen's mother and brothers live in Letter- kenny. Jimmy Ashe from Birmingham will be out in ten months. According to some female visitors he prides himself that he is the best looking republican prisoner in jail Ray MacLaughlin, a Birmingham res- PRISONERS' MORALE IS HIGH SAYS CARRON ON RETURN FROM ENGLISH JAILS' VISIT mrHlnlHllun lip theid niiifif firiif nun lo ImmmMHtttmmu Owen Carron on his recent visit to Irish POWs in English jails: 'The case for repatriation is clear., ident but originally from Buncrana, is a happy-go-lucky bloke who nearly knocked me down with a slap on the back when I stood up to shake hands with him. Repatriation was the main issue, he said. There should be a full-time committee in close contact with the prisoners. He sent his love to his wife and kids in Birmingham and his comrades in Wakefield and in Parkhurst. Ronnie McCartney, a jubilant little Belfast man, is the O/C of the republican prisoners. He has served seven years and is doing life. He has been moved around all the jails twenty-five times in fact. The men are prepared to take a stand on repatriation. They had tried to do their little bit to support the H-Block men. Many of the lads had lost all their remission. Noel Gibson is a quiet spoken but determined rnan from Portarlington, County Laois. An uncle had been executed by the Staters in the Civil War. He has served seven years and hasn't had a visit since 1978. I promised to call to his mother. Owen saw a number of other prisoners before visiting Hugh Callaghan, a man wrongly convicted with six others for the Birmingham bombs of 1974. Hugh, finding it hard to cope, I'd say, gave me a file on his case and remarked he wasn't an IRA man. Nonetheless, he is a victim of British racism and his case is indeed a travesty of justice. PARKHURST That afternoon Owen visited Parkhurst. Parkhurst is an old building, not like Albany which was built in 1957. Parkhurst has, however, an SSB unit which holds Harry Duggan, Joe O'Connell and Hugh Doherty in the company of a Libyan and an Iranian. Again visiting conditions were restrictive, so much so that my first visitor, Harry Duggan from Clare, confronted the Screws, one of whom kept edging his chair closer to us. Harry complained and an officer returned, but as usual there was this rule and that rule. There was lots of aggravation, Harry said, and they had to keep fighting for their rights. Harry had many reflections on the political scene at home and lots of comments about the Southern election. He also thought Sinn Fein had a lot of political work and organisation to catch up on, the need to get involved in the social and economic spheres. Putting up Joe O'Connell was a mistake, he believed. 'Joe's left Clare ten years now. Surely Sinn Fein should be able to get a better candidate'. The next man to see me was Hugh Doherty from Donegal. Bearded but with his head shaved, he said he had to do something with the electric shaver his mother sent him and as he didn't want to shave his beard he had to use it on whatever hair he had left Hugh says AP/RN needs more political content and discussion. In Parkhurst as the Screws slowed the movement of prisoners up, I was only able to see four POWs altogether. Two from the SSB block and Gerry Young and Fr. Fell from the ordinary wings. HULL On the Wednesday, I travelled up to Hull where I saw Tony Madigan, John Mc Cluskey from Fermanagh, Eddie O'Neill from Coalisland, Stephen Nordone from Dundalk and Dicky Glenho/mes from Belfast. Tony Madigan will be out in June, he has lost sixteen months' remission and John McC/uskey, two-and-a-half years. Repatriation and visiting conditions are the main issues in Hull. Petty harassment is rife as one would expect from National Front supporters in the prison service. Stephen Nordone has had no visits for two-and-a-half years as his family is harassed by police when they are over. Dickie Glenho/mes also saw this as a problem but his wife comes to visit him. Owen Carron says that seventy-four Brits have been transferred to British jails for offences committed in the six counties. These include the two convicted of pitchfork murders in Fermanagh who are now in Wakefield. There are less Irisii prisoners so why can't they be repatriated? says Carron. All the prisoners told me of Mick Murray, on a blanket for four-and-a-half years. John McC/uskey had to shout over to him in the punishment block the night before and he said he wanted to see me. He thought he was being drugged. When I asked to see him I was told he couldn't have visits as he wouldn't wear a uniform. I went to see the governor but he said there was nothing he could do. I asked to go down to the block no, the Home Office wouldn't allow it - need a special order, etc. And so I left Hull without seeing Mick Murray but knowing he's a sound man. In the afternoon I went to Wakefield Wakefield prison that claimed the life of Frank Stagg. Brian MacLaughlin from Dungiven was the first I saw. He'll be out in June. Mick Reilly, whose father is from Ardoyne, has just seven months to do now. Gerry Small from Be/fast will be out by Christmas. In Wakefield I saw two other innocent men: Patrick Armstrong from Belfast doing thirty-five years and Patrick Maguire to be released in 1985. Patrick Maguire, one of the 'Guildford Four', had his whole life ruined just because British justice demanded its pound of flesh and he, his wife and two sons were falsely imprisoned -for incidents that IRA men publicly claimed in court. Patrick Maguire is coping well, he fjas Jpst his tivelihoodT his freedom a nd Family, but not his spirit. COURAGEOUS I was soon to see how hard it can be for IRA prisoners. I went to see Patrick Hackett in the prison hospital. Pat is a remarkable and courageous man. Minus an arm and a leg due to a premature explosion on November 11th 1976, Pat Hackett is fighting still. He has been on protest since January 1st 1979 for political status and repatriation. He is locked in solitary confinement twenty-three- and-a-half hours per day. He gets half-an-hour exercise on a landing. He has a radio and some books and gets some left-wing papers. Pat told me about some of the bad treatment he has received. He was badly interrogated while recovering in St. Stephen's Hospital, Fulham. Members of the Bomb Squad beat him a crippled man. Pat too had many observations on the political scene, says we need to be more left-wing. Truly a remarkable man, he'll never wear the uniform, he says, and he wants a transfer to H-Block. Pat Hackett deserves our support and it was indeed a fitting conclusion to my tour to spend one- and-a-half hours talking with him. One other point is the colossal distances between prisons which shows the physical problem for relations going to see their loved ones. The case for repatriation is clear. The 1964 Instrument No. 388, Prison Rule 31, guarantees it. The fact that it doesn't apply to Irish POWs shows that the Brits are motivated by racism and revenge. Republicans who have been tempered and scarred by the prison struggle in 1981 must address themselves to the problem of our POWs in English jails and to their repatriation. Owen Carron who saw a total of thirty prisoners has stilt to visit Gartree, Long Lartin, Maidstone, Wormwood Scrubs and the women republican prisoners in Durham, and he hopes to do so in the near future. as no H X ffl i a c/ gt; X *v m O r tn o :r to CO to + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7d584bd44 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +ON r lt;N x: o W a, O w a, CO 2 w H oo lt;U 60 C3 Shooter's JANUARY 7th 1982 was the sixtieth anniversary of the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1922. This so-called treaty divided Ireland down the middle, it turned brother against brother, father against son and wife against husband. The Free Staters called it 'the seeds of peace'; it was, in fact, England's divide and conquer policy designed to get Irishmen at each other's throats. For sixty years we have witnessed eternal war, bitterness, apathy and the war in Ireland being carried on, in the words of Lord Birkenhead, 'with an economy of English lives'. The Treaty sowed the seeds of civil war, jailings, executions, hunger-strikes, emigration, 'cat and mouse' policies, houndings, blacklists and terror of every description, carried out in the name of law and order. In the old days, when the Anglo- Normans first arrived, the Irish people fell into three camps. The first camp held the 'loyal' Irish; those who would sell their own mother for a shilling, jumped on the English bandwagon, crept with cap in hand .ind cringed for land, property and wealth. Tho second camp held the 'rebel' Irish; those who did not care where the English robbed, raped and burned or set up their pale, as long as it was not on their property. They did not run to the aid of the besieged people of Wexford, Waterford or Dublin. Worse still, they came with cap in hand to bow on bended knee before England's King Henry II in Dublin's College Green. Irish kings, princes and church prelates kissed the hem of Henry's gown and proclaimed him lord and master of Ireland on condition that he allowed them to hold on to their own titles and lands. The third camp hold what the English doscribed as the 'wild' Irish. These were the separatists, the people who refused to accept Henry, the English or the annexation of Ireland into the foreign kingdom. REMAINED Down eight hundred and thirteen years, the three camps romainod. Even in the days that they call 'the four glorious years' (1917-21) the three camps remained as they still remain today. The 'loyal' Irish are all around us, not just in the North but in the South as well. The 'rebel' Irish are those who do not care a straw as long as it does not cut across their rich, petty lives. The 'wild' Irish will never die; men and women motivated by love, by ideals, by truth and by justice will always shine far above the self-seekers. After the Battle of the Boyne, the big question in Ireland was: 'Who are you for? William or James?' Today the big question in Ireland must be: 'Where do you stand? For harp or for crown?' Those who wear the crown above the harp on their caps have chosen the crown's side the side of England. But there are others who do not wear caps or uniforms and do not show badges on their clothes but in their hearts have crowns bigger than those in the Tower of London. Charles Dickens, in his book 'A Tale of Two Cities', gives a good description of Shooter's Hill. Sometimes I find it hard to understand Dickens: the 'Tale of Two Cities' is dedicated to Lord John Russell who we remember as the famine boss of England who allowed four million of our people to starve to death or take the coffin ships to America. He was the man who gave the poor of England to the Poor Law committees and those committees drove thousands of Irish people out of England and sent them back to Ireland to die in the gutters of Dublin and theboreens of the countryside. TWO CITIES My story on Shooter's Hill is also a 'tale of two cities': the city of Dublin and the city of London. The first time I put my foot on English soil was in the early fifties. The lion THREE SHOUTS ON A HILL by Eamonn MacThomais 'SHOO TER 'S HIL L' is the eighth article in the occasional series 'Three Shouts on a Hill' by Eamonn Mac Thomais, in each of which he recalls personal and historical memories associated with a different hill and then gives three 'shouts' on any subjects of his choice. was roaring wildly. Threadneedle Street was a hive of pin-stripe suits, bowler hats, brief-cases and brollies. India House, Lloyds', Barclay's, Scotland Yard, St. James' Palace, Hyde Park and the Tower of London. St. Paul's, Westminster, Regent Street, Charing Cross and Wormwood Scrubs. Boot-blacks, organ-grinders and the horse-chestnut man at every corner. In the side streets were a million huckster shops. Turn a corner and out again to fashionable Georgian houses with big motor cars outside every door. As I walked around, gazing about, I found myself outside the Home Office. I stopped to think of bygone days. The London bobby asked me if I was lost. Yes, I replied, I'm lost. I'm looking for two men, Arthur Griffiths and Austin Stack. They passed by here in 1921. Griffiths said to Stack: 'How would you like to take home that building with you Austin?' What is it?' asked Austin. 'It's the Home Office,' said Griffiths. 'Surely,'said Stack, 'you're not thinking of anything else except a republic?' 'Oh,' said Griffiths, 7 think the British terms are very good.' 'But how could we accept the British king?' said Stack. 'Look at the dead who have given their lives for the Irish republic' 'Oh, I see. It's your conscience that is the matter', said Griffiths. When did you say your friends passed by this way? the London bobby asked me. July 1921, I replied. They passed by this place twice, once together and another time with Desmond FitzGerald. The bobby looked me over very hard and then decided l was joking and he said: It would take a bit of shifting to lift that building over to Ireland they'd need more than a few hundred-ton cranes. No , said I, they moved it with a gold fountain pen and royal blue Waterman's ink the ink that doesn't fade, or turn brown with age. The bobby strolled on muttering to himself about gold fountain pens, royal blue Waterman's ink and ghosts of 1921. I went into the Home Office and asked to see the Roger Casement diaries. The men in the pin-stripe suits were very nice and civil but they were not sure if the diaries were there or over in Whitehall. I waited in vain. Awfully sorry, sir, leave your name and address and we will contact you in due course. I never did get to see the Casement dia-ies yet I tried on at least four occasions. But Michael Collins saw them and he agreed with the British that the diaries were in Casement's handwriting. These were the diaries that the English had forged to send Sir Roger Casement to the gallows. The diaries are locked away now, not to be seen until the year 2016. The last deal was: Here's the quicklime dust for Casement's body. Bury him in Dublin and not in Murlough Bay (Casement's request), and shut your mouths about the diaries. Mackey is dead, Nolan is dead, who now will become Roger Casement's champion? I came out of the Home Office and made my way to Hans Place and Cadogan Gardens the two places where the English first made their divisive tactics. One half of the Irish delegation was put in Hans Place and the other half was put in Cadogan Gardens. Both out of touch with each other. Why not a hotel for the entire delegation? No. The English plan was well thought out. The next move was to split up Collins and Griffith. ' Come with me Mr. Collins, down to Sir Victor Sasoon's beautiful home for the weekend.' 'Come with me, Mr. Griffith down to my house at Chequers/ Off they went to be wined and dined and fooled and brow-beaten and brainwashed in evening dress, with solid silver knives and forks and white linen tablecloths, duck, salmon, roast beef, Yorkshire pudding, Napoleon brandy and music. A long, long way from the day that Collins grabbed the coat of the 'Daily Mail' reporter and told him that his paper had called Collins a murderer. The stage was now set for the final act. All the props were brought into position. First, the Pope in Rome; then the insult to the king of England; then the crown; then the North, then the Orangemen; then the battleships; then the terror; then the threats of 'terrible war', then the letter to Craig; the phone-call to the admirals at Holyhead. Sign, sign, sign, sign, sign. The gold fountain pen and the bowl of royal blue Waterman's ink. PROPS The stage was set in Dublin also. The props were out. The Dante celebrations; peace; home from being on the run; secret training; Croke Park picture-taking; all united together, all as one; Larkin's code each for all and all for each. It was a solemn moment as the gold fountain pen was filled with the royal blue Waterman's ink. The script for eternal war was ready, the red blotting paper under the first line. Two lines of men, two cities Dublin and London; two peoples Irish and English. One treaty England's divide and conquer policy. 'Sign now, gentlemen'. When the signing was over, Collins spoke the first words: Gentlemen, I have signed my own death warrant. Oh, if only Collins had remained in the same frame of mind that he was in the day he was going to sock the man from the 'Daily Mail'. Oh, if only the delegation had not allowed itself to be divided. Why didn't the entire republican cabinet go over to London? Why did they accept what they had previously rejected, in July? Or was it more than the July offer? Lloyd George had convinced Collins that the unionists would have only two and three-quarter counties. Just imagine, said Lloyd George, Craig will be the prime minister of the two and three-quarters counties the joke of the political world. Collins signed thinking that the Boundary Commission would give Tyrone,. Fermanagh, and parts of Derry and Armagh to the Free State. SIX COUNTIES When the Boundary Commission was set up the unionists wanted to take the whole province of Ulster Cavan, Monaghan and Donegal were to be added to the other six counties. The Boundary Commission broke up in a big row over the border-line. Then the unionists did their homework. 'If we take the nine counties the nationalists will have the majority. Let's make a new border-line taking in the six counties and with a good gerrymander system we will reign forever.' It wasn't until 1925 that the new agree- MICHAEL COLLINS ARTHUR GRIFFITH wined, dined and brainwashed ment was signed in England by Cosgrave, Higgins and Blythe and the entire six counties were handed over to Britain and the unionists lock, stock and barrel. This agreement, which also included the paying of Free State money as compensation for the burnings by the British Black arid Tans was called, by Cosgrave, 'the seeds of peace'. The injustice of the whole affair, from the signing of the so-called treaty to the last financial agreement in 1926, and then the betrayal by de Valera in 1927, was enough to drive some of our best sons and daughters across the waters into exile in America and Canada. Those who did not leave of their own free will were driven out by the 'cat and mouse' policy and by coercion acts. Whoever goes to America to preach, whether it's Mr. Paisley or Mrs. Paisley or whether it's Mr. Donlon, Mr. Hume or Mr. Taylor, they all must remember that the Irish-Americans, on the whole, are made up of the men and women, the sons and daughters, and grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the coffin ships of famine times; the descen dants of the Fenians; the descendants of the Easter Week 1916 people; the descendants of Black and Tan Ireland; and the descendants of the republican side ofthe Civil War. JOY My first shout on Shooter's Hill is one of joy that the federal policy has been dropped by Sinn Fein. Did the unionists not try the idea of the nine-county parliament for themselves in 1922, but quickly saw it did not suit them and dropped it like a hot potato? What they did not accept in 1922 they are not going to accept in 1982. The enemy is the enemy of old the British government and their crown forces in Ireland. When they withdraw, the differences between Protestants, Catholics, unionists, nationalists and republicans can only be solved in the realities of a united Ireland. My second shout on Shooter's Hill is to Margaret Thatcher. The British press and the BBC showed us your tears and told us that you were a mother first when your son was lost in the desert. Six days of tears you had, Mrs. Thatcher, and then your son came home. During your hours of tears did you think for one moment of the Irish mothers whose sons died on hunger-strike in the H-Blocks? Mothers whose sons would never come home again. My third shout on Shooter's Hill is to republican prisoners everywhere. My shout is a shout of hope. You are not alone in your cell, there are thousands across the world who, each day, in their minds are with you and beside you, in spirit, prayers, hopes and wishes. Maybe they don't all write letters or send cards but they are still out here taking pride in your courage and your sacrifice. In the old days, in the Curragh concentration camp, we got letters and cards from people who adopted us prisoners. I remember being adopted by three schoolgirls. Helen in San Francisco, Colleen in New York, and Harriet in Boston. They told me that the schoolteacher had put our names on the blackboard and each pupil was told to pick a name. And my three 'motts', as I called them, sent me the most beautiful cards which I proudly pinned up over my bed. Whenever I was down in the dumps I used to look at my cards and the feeling that someone cared lifted me higher than the barbed wire. Why don't you, dear reader, 'adopt' a prisoner? Send a letter or a postcard. If you are a schoolteacher, why not get a class to pick a prisoner? A glossy postcard can turn a bleak cell wall into an art gallery. Tl to VO H X w gt; lt; 2 00 X *0 W O *0 r w o cr to -j VO OO to INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY, which occurred last Monday, March 8th, was again highlighted by a series of activities organised over the weekend by anti-imperialist women in Belfast, Armagh and Dublin, focusing on the situation of the women political prisoners in Armagh jail. Traditionally, International Woman's contributions to the BERNADETTE McALISKEY Day is a day on which women throughout the world join together to comm- ommorate and celebrate their participation in tho struggles against oppression. In the North, until recontly, the organised women's movement has ignored the crucial question of women's contribution to the struggle against the British presence, but last weekend as in the lost three years delegations from support groups and feminist organisat ions in Britain converged along with anti- Imperialist contingents from Belfast and Dublin to picket Armagh jail, as a suit able climax to u weekend spent reflecting the reality of the daily struggles of nationalist women in occupied Ireland. Last Saturday, March 6th, a photographic exhibition was held m the Felons' Club in Andersonstown, in west Belfast, which concentrated on the daily lives and struggles of Irish women, in ordinary life and in the armed struggle. Comprising photographs, documents, posters, letters, profiles and poems, the exhibition examined women's to the community, playgroups, mother and toddler groups, tenants' associations, etc.; as well as women in armed struggle, women political activists, and women Volunteers who have died on active service. GRETA REEL received a bouquet from a Volunteer The exhibition illustrated the tremendous progress achieved by women in the North, especially since 1969, in organising themselves in opposition to British rule, thus breaking down sexist barriers and advancing their own emancipation. At a similar photographic exhibition the same day, held in Trinity College, Dublin, over one hundred women attended the display entitled Binlids and Barricades'. Organised by Sinn Fein's women's affairs department, the display comprised sixty-four panels of photographs, text and posters illustrating the role Irish women have played in the last twelve years. FUNCTION On Saturday evening in west Belfast, at a function held in the St. James' community centre for the feminist delegates from Britain, a woman IRA Volunteer (one of several armed Volunteers present) read out a statement, which said in part: We, the Volunteers of Oglaigh na hEireann. extend solidarity greetings to women involved in liberation struggles throughout the world We will ensure that when victory is ours, and it will be, that the women of Ireland will receive full and equal recognition in all aspects of Irish life. There are no avenues of advancement closed to women within the Irish Republican Army. We receive full and equal recognition. Any promotion in the ranks of this army will be gained by individual effort and courage. We ask nothing more and will accept nothing less. Petty prejudices and sexism are luxuries that we in the IRA cannot afford, nor do we want. Another Volunteer made a presentation of a bouquet of flowers to Greta Reel, whose eightieth birthday occurred last week, and who remains a dedicated and active member of the Beechmount Sinn Fein cumann. PICKET The following day, the picket of Armagh jail by busloads of supporters travelling from Belfast and Dublin became the focus of the weekend's activities. As in previous years, scores of RUC men cordoned off the main entrances to the jail, but, unperturbed and in high spirits, the crowd listened as solidarity messages were read out from support groups abroad. Several poems written by Armagh protestors were read out, and then a statement was read by Maria Mc Clenaghan, from Ardoyne in north Belfast recently released from Armagh after five years as a protest prisoner. She described the prison authorities' constant petty harassment of the women prisoners, and called for continued support until the five demands are achieved. Bernadette McAliskey attacked the mainstream women's movement in Ireland for its continuing reactionary attitude to the Armagh prisoners, which in turn aided and abetted British policy on Ireland. Adding that it was these prison ers who were the true champions of women's rights not those who adorned the polite tea parties of the women's political associations she said: We owe the prisoners an assurance that this struggle and the women's struggle will be further on when they walk out of Armagh. Victory must be theirs, not a victory which their grandchildren must fight for. The enthusiastic crowd dispersed after chanting out the name of each protesting prisoner, in deafening shouts that penetrated the grim, grey wall* of Armagh jail. International : Women's Day has been fittingly commemorated once again. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..acd982620 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +EASTER RISING 72ND ANNIVERSARY 1916 1988 1916 1916 POBLACHT NA H-EIREANN. TEI PBOTISIOKAL GOmMDBJT OP THE IRISH REPUBLIC n m mru or nium. IRISHMEN AND IRISHWOMEN: In the name of God and of the dead generations from which she receives her old tradition of nationhood, Ireland, through us, summons her children tov her flag and strikes for her freedom. ** Having organised and trained her manhood through her secret revolutionary organisation, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and through her open military organisations, the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army, having patiently perfected her discipline, having resolutely waited for the right moment to reveal itself, she now seizes that moment, and supported by her exiled children in America and by gallant allies in Europe, but relying in the first on her own strength, she strikes in full confidence of victory. We declare the right of the people of Ireland to the ownership of Ireland, and to the unfettered control of Irish destinies, to be sovereign and indefeasable. The long usurpation of that right by a foreign people and government has not extinguished the right, nor can it ever be extinguished except by the destruction of the Irish people. In every generation the Irish people have asserted their right to national freedom and sovereignty; six times during the past three hundred years they have asserted it in arms. Standing on that fundamental right and again asserting it in arms in the face of the world, we hereby proclaim the Irish Republic as a Sovereign Independent State, and we pledge our lives and the lives of our comrades-in-arms to the cause of its freedom, of its welfare, and of its exaltation among the nations. ' The Irish Republic is entitled to, and hereby claims, the allegiance of every Irishman and Irishwoman. The Republic guarantees religious and civil liberty, equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens, and declares its resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and all of its parts, cherishing all the children of the nation equally, and oblivious of the differences carefully fostered by an alien Government, which have divided a minority from the majority in the past Until our arms have brought the opportune moment for the establishment of a permanent National Government, representative of the whole people of Ireland and elected by the suffrages of all her men and women, the Provisional Government, hereby constituted, will administer the civil and military affairs of the Republic in trust for the people. We place the cause of the Irish Republic under the protection of the Most High God, Whose blessing we invoke upon our arms, and we pray that no one who serves that cause will dishonour it'by cowardice, inhumanity, or rapine. In this supreme hour the Irish Nation must, by its valour and discipline and the readiness of its children to sacrifice themselves for the common good, prove Itself worthy of the august destiny to which it is called. Signed on behalf of the Provisional Government. SPONSORED BY RISH NORTHERN AID San Francisco Unit i + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d2c419629 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Tomas Mac Donnchadha Thomas MacDonagh 03 o 00 OO X ha m O hd r w w 03 00 00 oo 3 T3 , re* 3 n gt; 3 SPONSORED BY COUNTY TIPPERARY N B ASSOCIATION and JIM AND HELEN GROGAN + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c8054b582 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +********** * ** ****************** ** ******** *********** j SEAN MAC AODHA Sean Heuston Born in Dublin in 1891, in 1908 he went to Limerick where he became a lianna Lireann organizer. Later in Dublin he joined Oglaigh na hEireann. Mac Aodha was a particular aggravation to the English. His skeletal garrison ol only twenty-six soldiers had battled against three to lour hundred troops. The enemy was incredulous at the strength ol the small garrison and indicted particularly vicious treatment on the men. Sean MacAodha was executed on May 8, 1916. EAMONN O DALAIGH A Limerick-born man of Fenian blood and a brother-in-law ol'Tomas O Clerigh. Lamonn O Dalaigh was a disciplined soldier. As commander-in-chief of the Dublin First Battalion during the Rising occupying the lour Courts he was of particular concern lo the enemy. With O Clerigh and Mac- Diarmada, he was singled out for special ill treatment. He was executed on May 4, 1916. SPONSORED BY SEAN ENRIGHT-LIMERICK MANHATTAN UNIT-INA CONCHUIR O COLBAIRD Con Colbert Conchuir O Colbaird was born in Limerick in 1888. His father was a Fenian who had taken part in the Rising of 1867. O Colbaird was one of the first to join the Manna Lireann, lounded by Couniess Markievicz. He joined the Gaelic League and became a member of the Irish Volunteers in 1913 and an instructor with his good iriend Sean Macvodha. Soon he- became an ollieer. He was in command ol the volunteeers in ihe Marrowbone Lane Distillery during ihe Laster Rising of 1916. Conchuir O Colbaird was executed in kilmainham Jail on May 8, 1916. IOSEPH Ci PLUINCEAD Joseph Mary Plunkett The youngest of the signatories, loseph O Pluincead, was born in Dublin in 1887. He was educated in Dublin and Stoneyhurst. From 1913 to 1914 he was owner- editor of thelrish Review. Interested in the arts, he was a ppet and assisted in the foundation of the Irish Theatre. O Pluincead was on the Military Council of the IRB and on the executive committee of the Volunteers. He traveled to Berlin in 1915 to arrange German aid. Although in bad health, he played his role actively in the Rising. He was court-martialed and married Grainne Gif- ford before his execution in Kilmainham. Executed on May 4,1916, saying these words: Father, I am very happy. I am dying for the glory of God and in the honor of Ireland. SPONSORED BY John Fogarty, County Tipperary + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c97042b35 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +E JO H a 3 00 00 oo os til 3 a, O til, Ph E 00 00 lt;o J Ph Countess Markievicz Constance Georgina Gore-Booth Markievicz COUNTESS MARKIEVICZ (1868-1927). Constance Georgina Gore-Booth, the eldest daughter of Sir Jocelyn and Lady Gore-Booth, of Lissadell, Co. Sligo, was born on February 4th, 1868, at Buckingham Gate, close by the Royal Palace in London. Her father was a wealthy benevolent landlord, of Protestant Anglo-Irish stock. Having spent her youth at Lissadell, at the age of eighteen she went to Paris to study art. There she met a Polish Count, Joseph Dunin Markievicz, whom she married, at St. Marylebone's Parish Church, in London in 1900. Having settled in Dublin, she met Padraic Pearse and Thomas MacDonagh, and became deeply involved in the national movement. She joined James Connolly's Citizen Army, and became known as The Rebel Countess . She founded Na Fianna Eireann, the national boy scout movement. In the Rising of 1916, she was Vice-Commandant to Michael Mallin, in the College of Surgeons Garrison at St. Stephen's Green. After the surrender she was sentenced to death. This was later commuted to penal servitude for life. She was released from Holloway Jail in the General Amnesty of 1917. She became a Catholic the same year, and was baptized at Holy Cross College. Having been elected in the General Election of 1918, she was appointed to the Ministry of Labour when Dail Eireann was set up in January 1919. To the end of her life she devoted herself to the welfare of the Irish people. She dispensed so much of her wealth to the poor of Dublin, that when she died in a public ward of Sir Patrick Duns Hospital, she was virtually penniless. She breathed her last at 1.25 a.m. on the morning of July 15th, 1927, by her bedside * was her daughter Maeve. She was laid in state in the Rotunda Cinema. The Free State Government had callously refused to give the Mansion House. Around her bier for two days and nights, her own boys of Na Fianna Eireann, had stood as guard of honour. Two of their comrades. Con Colbert of Limerick and Sean Heuston of Dublin, had been executed in 1916. Thousands came to pay homage, many in tears, not least amongst them, were the poverty-stricken people whom she had succoured so well. Ireland mourned one of her greatest heroines. Her greatness and her deeds shall not be forgotten. SPONSORED BY AN CUMANN CABHRACH BERGEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY David Neeson, President Pete Quinn, Treasurer + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cfcbb69e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +c lt;u 6 a a 3 C/3 00 00 OS w W O w Oh v Ph Eamonn d Dalaigh Edward Daly A Limerick born man pf Fenian blood, an,d also a brother-in-law of Tomas O Cleirigh, Eamonn O Dalaigh was a disciplined soldier and commander-in-chief of the Dublin First Battalion during the Rising occupying the Four Courts He was of particular concern to the enemy. With O Cleirigh and Mac Diarmada, he was singled out for special ill treatment. He was court-martialed. It was said of him by a priest as he went to death: As I shook his hand for the last time I felt intensely all that was meant by marching out blindfolded to his death, such a gentle, noble, brave young Irishman. He was executed on May 4, 1916. CUSTOM ORDER AND HAND MADE WATCHES AND CLOCKS REPAIR AND RESTORATION HOUSE CALLS FOR CLO-. 1466 2ND AVE (77THSu NEW YORK, N.Y. 10021 212 535-8505 Padraic Mac Piarais Patrick Pearse Padraic Mac Piarais (1879-1916) was born in Dublin, the son of an English sculptor. His mother was Margaret Brady from County Meath. He was President of the Provisional Government of the Irish Republic, Commandant-General Commander-in-Chief of the army. In this capacity he led the Rising in 1916 and read the Proclamation outside the General Post Office in Dublin. At his Court-Martial he said: If our deed has not been sufficient to win freedom, our children will win it by a better deed. He was executed in Kilmainham Jail on May 3, 1916. SPONSORED BY COUNTY DERRYMEN'S S B ASSOCIATION + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5e4c32aeb --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +1/3 as a W o 5 W sa 00 OO r/3 c TI T2- T 3 Ol 3 Padraic Mac Piaras Patrick Pearse SPONSORED BY THE IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5c55f11de --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +EXECUTION British Style kiiiiuiiiinuin .urn C nun. a ni 1916 SPONSORED BY Mary Wilson, Irish People Mairead Farrell 1988 SPONSORED BY COUNTY LEITRIM SOCIETY Sean Mac Diarmada Sean MacDermott Sean Mac Diarmada (1886-1916) was born in Kiltyclogher, County Leitrim. He emigrated to Glasgow at the age of fifteen years. Returning to Belfast after a few years, he was sworn into the IRB in 1908, and transferred to Dublin, wh,ere he became a very close personal friend of Tomas O Cleirigh. He was appointed fulltime organizer for the IRB and Sinn Fein. In this capacity he traveled extensively throughout the country. In 1912 he contracted polio and thereafter walked only with the aid of a stick. He was a founder member of the Irish Volunteers in 1913, and later became a member of the Military council and provisional government. He fought in the General Post Office and was executed in Kilmainham Jail on May 12th. Like Sean Mac Diarmada, Leitrim native Brian (Barney) McKeon, has been subjected to British injustice in the form of imprisonment. Convicted on a charge of conspiracy, Barney originally faced nine charges ranging from conspiracy to gun running. It took three trials (with Barney forced to function as his own attorney in the final one) to put Barney behind bars on one flimsy charge. Barney is back home again with the loyal family who were unflinching in their support Barney McKeon, all of Leitrim salutes you and your fine family + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4bf0103cd --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + a . , gt;... ., ... .,,,-. . . - . - ,,,... aar.vjr.'ir,a C e o. 3 lt;/) 00 00 OS OS w w o W ffl C/3 MI Seamus d Conghaile James Connolly SPONSORED BY INTERNATIONAL UNION OF OPERATING ENGINEERS Local 30 Michael Hach, Business Manager + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1f235fe8a --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +c B 3. a, 3 CO oo 00 Os 3 w UJ Ph o w Ph PC 00 VO Oh WOMEN OF 1916 UNWELCOME PATRIOTS Z gt;y Mary Holt Moore The commandants of the various outposts of the Easter Rising reacted in different ways to the urgings of the women to join the insurgent forces. Many shared the traditional Catholic view that the women were only to serve in an auxiliary capacity, viz., first aid stations and cooking. The women of Cumann na mBan had spent the week prior to Easter Sunday making up endless medical kits as a preparation for a route march on Easter Sunday. Many suspected that the march would signal the beginning of a rebellion. When Eoin MacNeill ordered the cancellation of all demonstrations and parades because of the failed delivery of arms at Tralee, everything was thrown into confusion. The leadership decided to overrule Mac Neill and sent couriers throughout the countryside. However, they did not notify the women. Maire nic Shiubhlaigh went to the Ceannt home, where Aine Ceannt and her sister, Lilly O'Brennan (both executive members of Cumann na mBan), told Maire to ignore the countermanding order and to prepare to meet them the next day. It was thanks to the heroic work of the women couriers that the Rising was saved from utter confusion. Nora Connolly was the first to become a courier. She and Eilis ni Chorra brought word of the chaotic state of affairs to the Military Council in Dublin. The women were given a copy of the Proclamation to memorize and sent back to the North to inform all that the Rising had begun and all preparations were to continue as planned. Maire Perolz was sent to Cork to reach Tomas MacCurtain, Eily O'Hanrahan went to Ennis- corthy, Nancy Wyse Power to Barris, and others to Tralee, Waterford and Dundalk. Everything was in confusion. Maire nic Shiubhlaigh and six women went to Jacob's Biscuit Factory when she convinced Thomas MacDonagh of the essential role of women; Eilis ni Riain reported to Palmerston Place. Courts refused to go home. Pearse, Connolly, and Clarke, on hearing of the women's frustration, sent out word to all units and the women were installed at all major outposts. THE ONLY COMMANDANT TO STEADFASTLY REFUSE THE WOMEN WAS EAMON deVALERA IN BOLAND'S MILL. Helena Moloney and the women of the Citizens' Army Ambulance Corps joined a contingent, ten men and nine women, and launched an attack on Dublin Castle. Helena was a good friend of Sean Connolly. Dr. Kathleen Lynn, Medical Officer, attended the dying Sean Connolly. As the ranking officer, she surrendered the tiny garrison. Countess de Markievicz and fifteen women were at Stephen's Green. Madeline ffrench-Mullen supervised the first-aid post under Michael Mallin. Margaret Skinnider served as sniper. She was a member of the Glasgow Cumann na mBan and was a crack shot at the Glasgow Rifle Club. She was badly wounded while taking part in an attack on a house behind the Russell Hotel on the Green. Margaretta Keogh was killed in the South Dublin Union while attempting to help a wounded Volunteer. Louise Gavan Duffy, G.P.O., was delegated to take the wounded to Jervis Street Hospital. Twenty-six women were with Eamon Ceannt's forces in the Marrowbone Lane Distillery. Con Colbert, one of the Fianna Boys, was left in charge while Ceannt was at the South Dublin Unioa Rose McNamara, Officer- in-Charge of the Cumann na mBan, led the women to surrender. They were taken to Richmond Barracks and then to Kilmainham jail. Thirty-four women went originally to the GPO. Twenty were persuaded to leave. Eleven helped to evacuate the wounded. Three women stayed behind Winifred Carney, James Connolly's secretary, Elizabeth O'Farrell, who carried the white flag of surrender, and Julia Grennan. Irish Citizen Army Women imprisoned: Brigid Foley and Marie Perolz, released in June; Nell Ryan in the autumn; Winifred Carney and Helena Moloney, Christmas, 1916. Countess Marklievicz was courtmar- tialled, condemned to death and sent to Aylesbury. Vol Josephine O'Bwyer in uniform A MOTHER SPEAKS Dear Mary, that didst see thy first-born Son Go forth to die amid the scorn of men For whom He died, Receive my first-born son into thy arms, Who also hath gone out to die far men, And keep him by thee till I come to him. Dear Mary, I have shared thy sdrrow, And soon shall share thy joy. P. H. PEARSE tann na mBan and the Irish Citizen Army who took part in the Faster Rising NURSE MARGARET KEOUGH When the British opened fire on the Volunteers in the South Dublin Union, many of the convalescing patients were strolling in the grounds. The nurse in charge, Nurse Margaret Keogh, became anxious for their safety. She rushed down the stairs to the exit of Building 6 and, on opening the door, was fired on by two British soldiers and fell mortally wounded. This action was uncalled for because they ; could see her uniform. Commandant Eamonn Ceannt said that Nurse Keogh ws the first martyr and asked the Volunters to remember so. She was buried in the hospital grounds, but later her remains were transferred for reburial in Ballinab- rannagh, Co. Carlow. CUMANN NA MBAN IRISH REPUBLICAN PRISONERS 1916 3 6 4 gt; fr 3 00 OO 00 OS 3 til til Ph O til Ph a: C/3 I CO oo Barrett, Kitty Brady, Bridget Brown, Kate Brown, Martha Byrne, Eileen Byrne, Katie Byrne, Mary Carron, May Cooney, Annie Cooney, Eileen Cooney, Lily Cosgrave, Marcella Davis, Bridget Ennis, Elen Fleming, Kathleen Gahan, May Goff, Bridget Grennan, Julia Hackett, Roseanne Hegarty, Bridget Humphreys, Ellen Humphreys, Sheila Joyce, Maggie Kelly, Kitty Kelly, Josephine Kelly, Martha Kennedy, Margaret Kenny, Bridy Liston, Catherine Liston, Mary Lyons, Bridget Lynch, Bessie Maher, Kathleen Markham, Pauline Martin, Kate McCauley, Julia McGowan, Josephine McLaughlin, Maggie McNamara, Rose McNamee, Agnes Mead, Florence Mitchell Caroline Mullally, Rose Muhall, Lizzie Murphy, Kathleen Murtagh, Bridget Norgrove, Annie Norgrove, Edely O'Brennan, Lily O'Daly, Nora O'Flaherty, Margaret O'Hanlan, Sheila OKeeffe, Emily OKeeffe, Josephine O'Moore, May O'Sullivan, Louisa Partridge, Mary Quigley, Maria Quigley, Priscilla Retz, Barbara Seery, Kathleen Shanahan, Jane Spicer, Josephine Sullivan, Mary Treston, Catherine Source: Sinn Fein Rebellion Handbook Easter 1916, compiled by the Weekly Irish Times, Dublin, 1917, 286 pp. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9566aa679 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +y / Tomas d Cleirigh Thomas Clarke SPONSORED BY COUNTY TYRONE SOCIETY a lt;o E lt;u a a 3 00 00 00 Os a til til Ph o w Ph X 00 00 00 lt;u oo eC Ph QfxCfkefk + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..346cbbabd --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +y Ruairi Mac Easmainn Roger Casement Roger Casement was born in Sandycove, Co. Dublin in 1864. He joined the British consular service and served in posts throughout Africa and later in South America. He gained an international reputation for his exposes of the mistreatment of native workers in the Belgian Congo and of Indians in Peru. For this humanitarian work he was knighted by England in 1911. On his return to Ireland, he dedicated himself entirely to the Republican movement His important work for Ireland was done in the United States and in Germany where he sought help in men and arms for the Irish cause. He was attempting to bring arms from Germany when he was captured at Banna Strand, Co. Kerry on Good Friday, 1916. He was hanged in Pentonville Prison, London, on August 3, 1916. SPONSORED BY HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT UNIT IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE a 03 OP n gt; 00 00 a: ffl O r w w 03 00 00 00 c -a H. cT 3 n gt; 3 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..400b373cc --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31.1992 CLINTON REAFFIRMS IRISH STANCE With little more than a week remaining until the Presidential election, Democratic candidate Bill Clinton reiterated his strong pro-Irish stance, first taken last April at the Irish American Issues Forum. Clinton, in a strongly worded statement read by former Connecticut Congressman Bruce Morrison, pledged support for a special envoy to meet with all parties to the conflict, supported the MacBride Principles, and demanded safeguards against British Crown forces' violence and collusion with loyalist paramilitaries. Clinton's statement was cheered by Irish Americans, including members of Irish Northern Aid, at a Clinton-Gore rally held on October 23rd,in New York. Clinton's position has already been strongly criticized by the British government. Clinton noted, The lasting contributions of the Irish- American community are what have helped make this country strong. Ireland has given so much to our country, we owe a special debt in return. We commend the Democratic leaders in Congress who acted to end the history of discrimination against Ireland and other nations in our immigration laws. And we will work to ensure that political considerations do not hinder the workings of our courts in asylum cases. SPECIAL ENVOY Clinton then referred to the current round of negotiations taking place in Ireland and said, A Clinton Administration will take a more active role in working with the leaders in these nations to achieve a just and lasting setdement of the conflict. A permanent and peaceful solution to the crisis in northern Ireland can only be achieved if the underlying causes of the strife and instability are dealt with vigorously, fairly and within a time-frame that guarantees genuine, substantial, and steady progress. I believe that appointment of a US special envoy to northern Ireland could be a catalyst Bill Clinton in the effort to secure a lasting peace. MACBRIDE Turning to the MacBride Principles, Clinton said, We believe that the British government must do more to oppose the iob discrimination tha* u ? ? unemployment levels tw and a half times higher for Catholic workers in Protestant workers. There can be no lastly setdement in northern Ireland until such discrimination is ended. The MacBride Principles set forth appropriate guidelines for investment to help achieve these goals. About the British shoot-to-kill policy and collusion, the candidate said, We also believe that the British government must establish effective safeguards against the wanton use of lethal force and against xaiuici collusion between h? ec?*ri v fsic forces and Protestant paramilitary groups. The Democratic frontrunner in the race for the White House is on a collision course with Britain over his Irish policy. If he wins the presidential poll on November 3rd, it could rupture the special relationship between Britain and the United States. Mr. Clinton* s candidacy has been backed by Sinn l;6in president (ierry Adams. Mayor of Boston Raymond Flynn has campaigned widely for Mr. Clinton among Irish Americans, building support for the governor's position on Ireland. Mr. Flynn described the role Of a United Slates special peace envoy to northern Ireland as an Impartial broker who would help spur on a genuine peace process. Mr Hynn was named as a possible choice for the position by Mr. Clinton at a New York lundraising event at tlie weekend. The envoy plan has been coolly received by Secretary of State Patrick Mayhew. lie was quoted in the London Independent las week as saying, We do not need a peace envoy, thank you very much, adding tersely, What we need is a setdement as a result of the talks process. SINN FEIN Sinn F6in President Gerry Adams, commenting on Presidential candidate Governor Bill Clinton's statement on the conflict in Ireland, said, I welcome Governor BUI Clinton's commitment to promote theall-importantobjectiveof peace in Ireland by addressing the causes of the conflict so as to eradicate them. The British government's refusal to do that in the current talks is the clearest indication possible that creating the conditions which make peace possible is not on its agenda.. GovernorClinton'sacknowledgmentof the British government's wanton use of lethal force in its shoot-to-kill policy and of the collusion between British forces and loyalist murder gangs is a welcome censure of the British government by a major international political figure. Likewise, Governor Clinton's support for the MacBride Principles is welcome and necessary additional political pressure from the United States on the British government to adopt effective measures to eradicate disc imination in employment, an issue upon which, as the recently leaked DED documents demonstrate, current policy and legislation has had no significant positiveimpact. Irish Northern Aid and the IRISH PEOPLE Newspaper had previously endorsed Governor Clinton. muiMHiiiMiiMm i am, + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..03928c5d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 10 British Army Sergeant A sergeant in the Royal Irish Regiment and formerly an RUC member was shot dead by the IRA on Tuesday, October 20th. The man was killed in Rasharkin in County Antrim. The IRA, claiming responsibility for the shooting, said that they had liad the sergeant under close observation for a considerable period of time. The 40-year-old RIR sergeant was later named as Robert Irvine, a member of the RUC before joining die British army. FURTHER ATTACKS IN LONDON Continuing its intensive bombing campaign in the British capital, the IRA caused widespread disruption with three explosives in 1 ,ondon in the past week. The first two explosions went off in the early hours of Monday morning, October 19th, causing extensive damage to a hotel and city-center bar. Tlie first device exploded at 12.40 a.m. outside the Novotel I lotcl in 1 lammersmith, west London. In this attack, the Metropolitan police again refused to evacuate the building despite a clear and explicit warning from the IRA's active service unit. Over 6(X) persons were in tlie hotel when the device exploded and were described by witnesses afterwards as being Shocked and disgusted at noi being told by the London police of the IRA wanting. In the second attack, a fair in London's West End was damaged when another device exploited around 1.30 a.m. The Comedy bar, and surrounding buildings near I eu ester Square, were damaged in the blast. As in the Hammersmith blast, a warning was relayed to a local radio station. A worker in anearby cafe, Joseph Latouche, described the explosion. There was a big bang. I thought it must be a big bomb, because it shook the building, but I heard later there was only one to one-and-a-half pounds of explosives. The IRA statement, issued in Dublin from die Irish Republican Publicity Bureau and signed P, O'NciH , claimed responsibility for the attacks, saying: Active service units of die IRA placed the two devices which exploded in London in die early hours of yesterday morning. k'Again with yesterday's blasts, British police failed to clear target areas in spite of having received specific warnings autlienticatedwidirecognizedcodewords. The IRA said that British police policy had resulted in recent injuries and in the tragic deadi of David Heffer. IRA warnings were not being passed on by police in order to 'minimize die disruption caused by bomb and hoax bomb attacks. This policy should end before there are further tragic consequences. On Wednesday, October 21st, at 4.40 p.m., a bomb exploded near Silver Street British Rail station in North London, The explosion on the railroad line over the bridge on die network Southeast line caused severe disruption to the Liverpool Street lines. The IRA said diat Constabulary had earlier failed to act on a warning: ln spile of repeated phone calls to a number of London radio static mis. British police have failed to act on authenticated warnings that our Volunteers have placed a bomb on tlie railway line at Four Bridges on the North Circuhtr Road, London. This latest incident again underlines the reckless and cynical policy being pursued by British officials. These explosions brought to eleven the number of bombs detonated in the British capital in less than two weeks. CROWN FORCES PATROLS UNDER FIRE The IRA's Belfast Brigade have claimed responsibilty for several operations in the city which have kept British forces pinned down and on the move. As Belfast city center continued to resemble a ancient fortified city, with thousands of British crown forces criss-crossing each other*s patrols, transport and commercial targets were hit hard. Saturday, October 10th, saw IRA Volunteers engaging a British mobile patrol in the Twinbrook area on the outskirts of West Belfast. Three British soldiers were injured when an impact grenade exploded on top of their armored personnel carrier. The IRA attack was conducted with devastating accuracy. This method of attack has resulted in these British carriers being fitted with more and more armor to protect the crews. The IRA statement continued by giving details of a gun attack at the crown forces barracks in the Oldpark Road in north Belfast on Thursday evening, October 16th. Before the attack, IRA Volunteers assembled at a number of positions around die barracks to wait for a British foot and mobile patrol which earlier had been moving through die Ardoyne area. At approximately 10 p.m., as the enemy forces approached tlie barracks, two Volunteers opened up with automatic rifles. At this point the British mobile patrol raced into the barracks closely followed by the badly shaken foot- patrol. There was no return fire, and all Volunteers withdrew from the barracks perimeter, evading British reinforcements moving cautiously into tlie area A large hotel at the corner of Botanic Avenue and University Street beside Belfast's 'golden mile' was the target of a 250-lb IRA car bomb in the early hours of Monday morning, October 19th. IRA Volunteers in the south of the city loaded the explosives into the commandeered car and drove it to the busy road junction, where it was parked outside the main entrance of Dukes Hotel. Because it was known that there were guests staying in the hotel, a 50- minute warning was given to allow those inside to be evacuated safely. British army technical officers later disarmed the detonating mechanism with two small explosions. Rail traffic was seriously disrupted throughout Monday night and most of Tuesday, October 2oth, following another bomb attack in south Belfast. Volunteers exploded a device on the tine between Belfast Central and Botanic Stations and then withdrew from the track. Keeping the line under observation, the Volunteers waited for a considerable time for the crown forces to arrive. When they failed to appear, the Volunteers dispersed and it was only with daylight and dozens of foot and mobile patrols that the British forces moved into the area. DUNGANNON INCENDIARY ATTACKS Volunteers of Oglaigh na hEireann operating in the large market town of Dungannon, County Tyrone, carried out two commercial bomb attacks on Thursday, October 8th. The two blasts went off in Scotch Street, one of the town's main thoroughfares which runs off the town square, scene of recent IRA bomb attacks on the Northern and Ulster Banks and other commercial premises. Two blast incendiary bombs were placed in two shops. Both bombs detonated, causing 3/4 million pounds worth of damage. The IRA statement emphasized that ''despite claims by the SDLP that this was a sectarian attack, this is not in fact true, as one of the shops targeted v/as ov/ned by a Catholic and this was purely a commercial attack . IRA Blasts London and Bangor A massive Irish Republican Army bomb exploded in the center of Bangor late last Wednesday, causing extensive damage in the town. The Royal Ulster Constabulary admitted that 20 minutes before the blast the 1R liad given a warning to protect civilians The warnings were phoned to the Samaritans and Downtown Radio No one was hurt, The device went off in Lower Main Street, and the sound was heard inoie than 15 miles away Hie street is the main commercial and Shopping center of the town and close to the the scafioni and the town's manna. WellwotthS store seemed to have taken the till force oi the blast Rubble was strewn across the street and windows were broken all over the town RUC communication lines were disrupted tor a tune A fleet oi ambulances and lire engines were reported to be 00 stand-by, bin they were not called in The area was sealed off hv CfOWn forces as bomb disposal experts checked for further devices the explosion was die first in tlie loyalist town m 12 years. London Meanwhile m London, three bombs, believed to be part of an IRA campaign, exploded last Wednesday Hie bombs went off amid claim and counter-claim between the Metropolitan constables and the IRA over the warnings. The IRA holed that its warnings were being ignored by die Met ami described the constables* action as *reckless, The Met denied the charge, though it admitted it had received warnings trom the (iardai about bombs in the British Bangor after the IRA strike capital an hour before a blast at Edmonton. The IRA statement, issued in Dublin, Said warnings tad been telephoned to radio stations an hour before devices were due to gQ off. but that they had not been acted upon The 1R A said, Our volunteers carried xHit blasts at two locations 00 the London rail network and at a British army military base ni I ondon. Attacks such as these will continue until Britain declares its intention to withdraw trom northeast Ireland. We would again under linedie tact demonstrated by the Ldmonton blast that the British authorities' policy of ignoring warnings is thus enefctngering civilian lives. Scotland Yard said it had received no such warnings and asked to comment later would only add, We are not prepared to discuss that at this stage. At a news conference later, Scotland Yard's chief angrily defended his force's handling of the Ldmonton blast claiming constables could not have acted any quicker. Commander George Churchill-Coleman confirmed that die Gardaf has passed on a warning about the bomb. The Ldmonton blast happened at about 4:40 p.m., at the height of the rush hour. Three passengers on a passing train were hurt by debris when e bomb exploded at a road overpass, but no one was seriously injured. The second bomb went off four hours later. Three persons suffered minor injuries when it exploded, near the Territorial Army center in Hammersmith. Soon after that, a third bomb went off at a railroad line at Harrow Road in Harlesdcn. After the Fxlmonton bombing, a two- mile stretch of the nearby North Circular Road was closed and several adjoining Streets sealed off, bringing traffic chaos to the area. Rail passengers also suffered delays when a number of trains were rerouted The British Territorial Army members were taken to Charing Cross Hospital after being slighdy hurt in die Hammersmith explosion. There were no reports of any casualties in die third blast, which happened at 9:10 p.m. under Harrow Road bridge in I Iarlesden High Street. Two feet of rail is missing, and there is damage to trie bridge/' said a British Rail spokesman, adding that no train was on die track at the time. Mr. Churchill-Coleman described die IRA's claim that their bomb warnings had been ignored as part of a plot to make die crown look confused, incompetent arid inept. He said that a recognized IRA codeword had been used on 61 occasions since last February. Bombs had exploded 22 limes, two others were made safe, and 37 calls were hoaxes. Each call was designed to confuse, mislead and disrupt us here in the capital The following day, British Prime Minister John Major said in the House of Commons that the IRA would be defeated. He was forced to address the issue. Responding to a question from Andrew Hunter, the Conservative MP for Basingstoke, about the IRA's series of attacks in Ixmdon, Major said the fight against die ERA was a priority Major's comments echoed those of previous British prime ministers who had failed to de feat the IRA. The Von e oi Irish Repcrih asism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5a21b97bd --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPI PAGE 11 PRONUNCIATION REVIEW Pronounce an s near a *o or u like me American sound, with lips relaxed. This is the broad s sound. Do not tense the lips as in the English sound. Practice on: si s6, su, saor (say*r), saoi (see), samhradh (SOU-ruh), saibhir (SEYE-vir), sac (sank), sabhail (suh-VWAW*-il), slat (slaht), smal (smaw*l), smaoineamh (SMWEEN-uhv), smuta (SMUT-uh), snas (snahs),sp6rt(spohrt),Sp inn(SPAW*-in), spraoi (spree), stad (stahd), strapa (STRAH- puh), str6 (stroh). Pronounce an Irish s as (sh) when it is next to an e or an i , and also when sc , si , sn , and st are next to the e or i . Examples:s6, sf, sean (shan), seift (sheft), sin, sceal (shkay*l), slf (shlee), sneachta (SHNAHK*-tuh), stfl (SHTEEL), leisce (LESH-ke), uaisle (WISH-le), misniuil (mish-NYOO-il), 6isteacht (AY*SH-tyahk*t). If the combinations sm , sp , sr , or str are next to e or i , pronounce the s as (s), the broad sound described above. Memorize these examples: smig (smig), chin; spgir (spay*r), sky; srian (SREE-uhn), bridle; strfoc (streek), streak, stripe. is is an exception, too. Pronounce it (is), never (ish) or (iz). Irish has no (z) sound. GRAMMAR In the future tense, the saorbhriathar (say*r-VREE-huhr) or free form expresses ideas such as It will be put on the table or Someone will put it on the table . In Irish, diis is: Cuirfear ar an mbord 6 (KIR-fuhr er un MOHRD ay*). Note that the V is pronounced (0 here. In other future forms, you pronounce it (h), as in Cuirfidh m (KIR-hee may*) ar an mbord 6:; I will place it on the table. The rest of the saorbhriathar forms in the future are: Nf chuirfear (K*IR-fuhr) ar an mbord 6. An gcuirfear (un GIR-fulir) ar an mbord ? Nach gcuirfear (nach* GIR-fuhr) ar an mbord 6? Ni aspirates here,and an and nach eclipse. For a two-syllabled second-conjunction verb, such as ceannaigh (KAN-ee), buy, the future forms are: Ceann6far 6 (kan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will be bought. Nf cheann6far 6 (nee hyan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will not be bought. An gceann6far 61 (un gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), will it be bought? Nach gceann6far 6? (nahk* gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), won't someone buy it? Others from this group: Oscl6far 6 (ohsk-LOH-fuhray*), someone will open it. Cosn6far 6 (kuhs-NOH-fuhr ay*), it will be defended. Freag6far 6 (frag-ROH-fulir ay*), someone will answer it. Baileofar 6 (balil-YOH-fuhray*), someone will collect it. Inseofar d6 6 (in-SHOH-fulir doh ay*), it will be told to him. Notice that an extra e is inserted sometimes. This makes spelling consistent so diat you know whether a letter gets its broad or slender sound. For example, without the V to help, you would not know whether insofar was (in-SOH-fuhr)or(in- SHOH-fulir). DRILL With die examples: An gcuirfear an mala sa charr? (un GIR-fuhr un MAW*-lali suli K* AHR), Will the bag be put into the car? Nf chuirfear an mala sa charr, The bag wont be put into the car. Nach gcuirfear an mala sa charr? Cuirfear an mala sa charr. Go through progressive drills with diese word groups: Bris (brish), break; an cupan ar an urlar, the cup on die floor. Feic (fek), see; an cailfn sin amarach (uh-MAW*-rahk*), that girl tomorrow. P6s (pons), marry; Sean le Sfle (SI DEE- lull). Crfochnaigh (KRJtE-uhk*-nee), finish; an obair seo, diis work. Mfnigh (MEEN-ee), explain; an fhadhb (eyeb), the problem. Key: An mbrisfear an cupan ar an urlar? Nf bhrisfear . Nach mbrisfear ? Brisfear . An bhfeicfear (VHK-fuhr) ? Nf fheicfear (nee H-fuhr) . Nach bhfeicfear ? Feicfear . An gcriochnofar (greek*-NOH-fuhr) ? Nf chrfochn6far . Nach gcrfochn6far ? Crfochnofar -. An mfneofar ? Nf mhfneofar (veen-YOH-fuhr) . Nach mfneofar ? Mfneofar . COMHRA (KOH-raw*) (Success appears imminent, as the modified aerial is emplaced.) Blathnaid (BLAW*-nid): Cuirfear an poll trfd an doras go luath (KIR-fuhr un poul treed un DUH-ruhs goh LOO-uli). The hole will he put through the door soon. Pol (pohl): Ta s6 criochnaithe anois (KREli-uhk*-nuli-he uh-NISH). It's finished now. Tabhair doin :ui tsreang mhiotail(r(X)-irduhmuntrangVI-til),m lt;ls 6 do thoil 6 (MAW* shay* dull HDL ay*). Give me the metal wire, please. Blathnaid: Seodhuit, a Ph6il (shuh git, uh FOl I-i). Saigh amach f trf pholl an dorais (SAW*-ee uh-MAHK* ee tree foul un DlJII-rish). Here it is, Paul. Stick it out through the door-hole. Pol: Anois, ta orainn an tsreang a ChlOChadh ar thaobh an thoirgnimh seo (uh-NISH, taw* OH-rin un trang uh K*ROIIK*-uh er HAY*V un IR-gi-niv shuh). Now, we have to hang the wire on the side of this building. Blathnaid: Bufochas le Dia. Craolfar (KRA Y*I gt;-fuhr) ciar alanm anocht (klaw*r AW*-lin uh-NOIIK*T). Thank heaven. A beautifulprogramwillhe broadcast tonight. 1w lt;tt7ryfirv/tmytY The Curse of Cromwell The Wexford Massacre In August 1649, Oliver Cromwell, the new head of the English Commonwealth, arrived in Ireland with a large army. His main objects were to bring the country under the complete subjugation of the English Parliament, to confiscate and redistribute land under the Adventurers Act of 1642, and to seek retribution for the deaths of Protestant settlers which were alleged to have taken place during the Rising of 1641. The campaign of genocide planned by this exemplar of human cruelty is too terrible to describe, and candid expression cannot find words suitable for even everyday circles. Cromwell advanced swiftly. He marched north and stormed the town of Drogheda, where in a general massacre some 3,500 persons were put to the sword. Three months after the coming of Cromwell, the great Irish general Owen Roe O' Neill was poisoned and died at Cloughoughton Castle in Cavan. This exposed all Ireland to the English Attila, who coldly told his soldiers, Nits will never be lice, to justify the slaughter of Irish infants. After Drogheda, Cromwell turned and swept southward to Wexford. Two thousand were butchered there. Lingard, in his history of England, says: Wexford was abandoned to the mercy of the assailants. No distinction was made between the defenseless inhabitants and the armed soldiers, nor could the shrieks and prayers of three hundred females who had gathered round the great cross in the marketplace preserve them from the swords of these ruthless barbarians. No more illuminating light could be thrown upon the extraordinary attitude of Britain toward Ireland, through all the centuries, than the sentiments of the great Englishman Carlyle upon the coldest-blooded butcher of all the butchers by whom Ireland has been afflicted throughout the centuries. Oliver Cromwell came as a soldier of God the just, terrible as death, relentless as doom, doing God's judgments on the enemies of God... It was the first King's face that poor Ireland ever saw, the first friend's face. Since this was the attitude of the masses of the English people, there is no reason for being surprised at the attitude toward Ireland of the mass of the British people. They knelt around the cross divine Tlie matron and the maid; They bowed before Redemption's sign, And fervently they prayed; Three hundred fair and helpless ones, Whose crime was this alone- Their valiant husbands, sires and sons Had battled for their own. Had battled bravely, but in vain- The Saxon won the fight; The Irish corpses strewed the plain Where Valour slept with Right. And now that man of demon guilt To fated Wexford flew- The red blood reeking on his hilt, Of hearts to Erin true. He found them there-the young, the old, The maiden, and the wife; Their guardians brave in death were cold Who dared for them the strife. They prayed for mercy-God on high Before Thy cross they prayed, And ruthless Cromwell bade them die To glut the Saxon blade Three hundred fell-the stifled prayer Was quenched in woman's blood; Nor youth nor age could move to spare Erom slaughter's crimson flood. But nations kept a stern account Of deeds that tyrants do; And guiltless blood to Heaven will mount And Heaven avenge it, too SHANNON TRAVEL SERVICE INC. Aer Ling us to Shannon Dublin Tours and Cruises Worldwide COMPETITIVE FARES 76-11 37th Avenue Jackson Heights, NY 11372 Bridie McManus Joe Whelan (718) 639-0667 (718) 639-7530 The Voice of Irish Republicanism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..66d4d4ccf --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 12 Albany INA Testimonial Dinner John Sweeney receives award from State AFL- Cl() President Ed Cleary INA Dinner Held in Troy The 2nd annual New York State Irish Northern Aid testimonial was held October 17th at Mario's Restaurant in Troy, New York, hosted by the Dan McCann unit, Capital District INA. Nearly 300 supporters remembered the British butchery of Bloody Sunday and honored five people for their courage and leadership in the struggle for Irish peace and justice. Accepting the James Heaney Award, Congressman Gary Ackerman related his encounter with a British diplomat on the Capitol steps shortly alter his announcement that he would be happy to provide Joe Doherty with a job as part of his bail condition. How would it feel to work with a convicted murderer in your office? inquired the diplomat. Responded the Congressman, How does it feel to work in the British 1 Embassy with murderers with no convictions? John Sweeney, international president of tlie Service Employees Union, invoked tlie spirit of James Connolly in accepting the award named for him, which Maureen McKenna Armstrong, former editor of the Irish People and recipient of the Maud Cionne MacBride Award, recalled her own encounters with the forces of tlie crown, in all of which she prevailed .The audience was equally touched by the lifelong sacrifices and dedicationof Joe Mitchell and Joe McIIale, who received the Thomas McGuire and Liam Ryan Awards respectively. Award presenters included Edward Cleary, NY State President AFL-CIO, Nc w Y ork Assemblyman Joe Crowley, and Bob McCann, Martin Calvin and Paul Murray, National INA leaders. Prominent Albany attorney Robert Roche was again master of ceremonies. Also on the dais were Albany INA I Jnit head Denis Mciadden, Chaplain Fr. James Hayes and dinner co- chairpersons Michael Cummings and Patsy Mulvey. Dr. John McCrath, vice president of Mercy (Jollege and professor of law, gave an inspiring keynote address which included a scholarly confirmation of the legitimacy of the armed struggle for freedom when all other peaceful means have failed. ( gt;-chairpersons Michael Cummings and Patsy Mulvey announced that they are already hard at work planning next year* s New York State INA testimonial. Joe Mcliale receives award from Martin Galvin Maureen McKenna Armstrong and Bob McCann I hi Voice oi Irish Repcrucasism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e33ef9bf4 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 13 Fury Over Mandela IRA Comments on British Television A storm of controversy has arisen after African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, in an interview broadcast on British television, described the Irish Republican Army as being engaged in a fight against colonialism by a foreign country So embarrassing were the comments that the Dublin government's Foreign Minister David Andrews has been urged to devote his upcoming visit to South Africa to challenging Nelson Mandela to withdraw his comments. Tlie ANC defended Mandela but, mindful of the support which it receives from a wide range of Irish, including government officials and public celebrities opposed to tlie IRA, issued a statement that Mr. Mandela's statements cannot be construed as support for the IRA. The controversy began when Mr. Mandela was interviewed by rock star turned TV talk show host Bob Geldof. Geldof, a vocal critic of die IRA and heretofore an ardent admirer of the ANC leader, was visibly angered when his guest said that The IRA are conducting a struggle for self-assertion. They do not want Britain, a foreign country, to run a country. Geldof angrily voiced his objections to Mandela's statement, saying that But a majority of our people do. Mandela, who had served 27 years in the Nelson Mandela maximum-security prison at Robben Island for his leadership role in attempting to organize a military overthrow of tlie apartheid regime, responded that There are large numbers of people who do not believe in what wc say. Nevertheless, we're convinced that what we are saying i s correct. Catholics now make up more than 40 percent of northeast Ireland population even though official figures at first seem to indicate otherwise. When those who failed to respond to a census question about religion are taken into account, Catholics appear certain to make up more than two fifths of the people living in northeast Ireland. Published last week, the 1991 census summary report puts the Catholic population at 606,639, or 38.4 percent. In 1981, 414,532 stated their religion as Catholic. The 1991 report shows in northeast Ireland there are 336,891 Presbyterians, 279,280 people belonging to the Church of Ireland and 59,517 Methodists. Those figures represent a fall, by some 8,000-in the number of Presbyterians since 1981, but slight increases in the number of followers of the Church of England and Methodists. Of the 122,448 people in die 1991 report who said they belong to other denominations, 19484 are Baptist, 12,446 Brethren, 12,386 Protestant and 12,363 Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster. For tlie first time there was an opportunity for people to say they belonged to no religion 59,234 did so. Although totals, as expected, show no dramatic change since the last census a decade ago, it would now seem the number of Catholics has edged above the 40 percent mark. Some politicians have traditionally looked at that figure as a significant benchmark in terms of predicting a shift in the religious balance within Northern Ireland. Any startling change, however, would appear highly unlikely given a general trend in Ireland towards a decline in Catholic family size. Due to this factor, and others, experts have in the past ruled out pronounced increases and decreases in the overall population, or in the numbers belonging to any particular religion. Applying a formula used to codify people who did not state their religion in returns, tlie Catholic population in January 1981 was out somewhere between 38.5 and 39.2 percent. Problems in calculating 1981 returns were compounded by a boycott is support of republican prisoners in the H-Blocks and that year's hunger strike. A census taker was shot dead in Derry. Demographic experts who studied the 1971 figures, when there was also an anti- census protest, estimated about 57 percent of those who did not state their religion were Catholics. Applying their formula in 198 would have put the Catholic population between 517,026and589,026.Thefigurespubiished showed 114,827 people 7.8 percent of the population did not respond to the religion question. ExacUy how many of those are Catholic is difficult to determine. In 198, some 275,000 people 18.5 percent of the population refused to answer the question about religion. In 1971, 9.4 percent did not return the forms. A key figure not included in the summary concerns the birth rates of those belonging to a particular religion. Generally regarded as a more accurate indicator of the long term balance it will be dealt with in a report relating specifically to Northern Ireland's religious composition due to be published in 1993. We don't want any form of colonialism, and wherever it is, we support those who fight it. People I have a right to self-expression. I When Geldof raised thequestionot innoeenteivilians getting caught up in the campaign, Mandela replied that In any conflict, some people will be hit by crossfire. It has happened throughout history. The interview unleashed a wave of criticism from public figures, including those who in the very recent past were only ioo happy to jump on the bandwagon to praise the 76-year-old leader tor his lifelong struggle against apartheid. Establishment politicians attempted to limit the influence of Mr. Mandela's comments without appearing to being too critical of Mr. Mandela personally but ended up insulting or patronizing him. Most tried to take tlie view that Mandela is in some way ignorant about the situation in Ireland. For example, Dublin mayorGay Mitchell described Mr. Mandela, who was granted tlie Freedom of the City of Dublin, as misinformed and arrogant. He urged Dublin Foreign Minister David Andrews to confront Mandela directly during an upcoming visit to South Africa. Proinsias De Rossa said that Mandela was dangerously misinformed, The condemnations echo similar reactions from the same sources last year when in Dublin Mandela urged dialog including the 1R An gt; bring tlie conflict in tlie North to a peaceful resolution. Mandela's comments come against a background of longstanding revelations that the South African intelligence services have been supplying weapons to various loyalist paramilitary gangs, especially the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), and had contracted out to a loyalist hit squad an assassination attempt on a South African dissident living in England. Mandela's comments have a political as well as practical basis. It is well known that the loyalist political and paramilitary groups identify with tlie apartheid South African regime as sharing a similar white man's burden in struggling to hold off the restless native population. On tlie other hand, the Republican movement has in iLs public statements, its publications, and even in a number of prominent wall murals throughout the North, voiced its support for Mandela and the antiapartheid cause. The controversy was further fueled by the comments of recently released ANC member Robert McBride. His release from a South African prison was part of an amnesty grudgingly granted by the Pretoria regime in an attempt to revive (lagging negotiations with the ANC. Mc Bride, whose great-grandfather, Major John McBride, was executed by the British in the aftermath of the 1916 Easter Rising, commented at length on his involvement in Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) the military wing of the ANC. When questioned about the ANC campaign, McBride said that whatever tlie moral qualms might be about such a strategy, 'The original sin is with apartheid. If there were no apartheid, there would be no Umkhonto we Sizwe. Let's go to the source, not the byproduct. Whenever there is conflict, you have negative spinoffs. Mayor Mitchell, who demand that the Irish AntiApariheul Movement should put Mr. Mandela right'1 and reassure the people here m Ireland) that the ANC is not an IRA- type campaign, will first have to explain the difference he sees is McBride's statement and the similar explanation given by IRA Spokespersons for the armed struggle in Ireland. The freedom fighter and great- grandson of a freedom fighter called on the British government to negotiate with tlie IRA and added, I have become almost obsessed with Ireland and Irish history and especially the struggle for freedom. The determination of the Irish people to be free from so many years of oppression is something I look up to. It's something I admire in the Irish people the tenacity of the Irish people to stand up even against the greatest odds. McBride has expressed a strong desire to visit Ireland. READ OUR LIPS GEORGE BUSH NO MORE EXTRADITIONS : TO THE H-BLOCKS George Bush sent Joe Doherty back to face a life sentence in the H-Blocks of Long Kesh Prison. Now he wants to extradite two U more Irish men, Jimmy Smyth and Kevin Barry Artt. DEMONSTRATE : AT BUSH/QUAYLE CAMPAIGN HEADQUARTERS j 25 WEST 43RD STREET ' BETWEEN 5TH AND 6TH AVE 1 pm SUNDAY NOVEMBER 1 Auspices: Jimmy Smyth/Kevin Barry Artt Justice Committee 319 Broadway- 2nd floor New York, NY r0007 For information call (718) 436-4470 The Voice of Irish Repvhlicasism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5ab4a3e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 14 Loyalist Threats Fail to Shut Down Sunday Newspaper A newspaper under loyalist threat will publish as usual this week. Rumors within the industry had suggested that the Sunday World could face closure because ot Ulster Volunteer Force threats, but these were dismissed by a reliable source. The staff at the newspaper had been ordered by Dublin-based management not to talk to other reporters about die situation at die office. It climaxed last week in a UVF bid to bomb the High Street premises and a subsequent threat from die organization against its staff and distributors. Now it is thought that publication of die newspaper which has run investigative stories about both loyalist and republican paramilitaries will proceed as usual. It is understood that management had discussions with the staff shortly after one Of the biggest demonstrations by northeast Ireland journalists in recent years. Representatives from almost every media Loyalists outiet in Belfast took part in the demonstration outside the newspaper's offices at lunchtime to highlight opposition to the attempted intimidation of colleagues. Attended by several senior union officials, including National Union of Journalists' deputy general secretary Jake Ecclestone, it also had the support of other union groups and political parties. Before taking part in the protest, which was attended by more than 50 representatives of print andbroadcastmedia, Mr. Ecclestone said reporters on the paper have the M rkino of journalists . everywhere because we believe that freedom of expression, of ideas and opinions is fundamental to a civilized and democratic society. He said that the attempt to censor the press by violence demonstrated two things about the UVF. First, they have no arguments or ideas except the bomb and the gun; second, that they hold the people of northeast Ireland in contempt. He added, Censorship is an expression of fear, and journalists in northeast Ireland have struggled over many years to conquer this fear. They will not be defeated now. Mr. Ecclestone told the UVF, If you don't like the Sunday World, organize a peaceful boycott. You don't do it by guns and bombs. National executive member representing northeast Ireland journalists, Kevin Cooper, said that die UVF and Combined Loyalist Military Command's statement was as much an attack on the democratic right of the unionist community to read the newspaper of their choice as it was an attack on free speech and press freedom. Two Tyrone Men Jailed by Dublin Court for Attempted Murder Two Tyrone men were sentenced to twelve years at the Special ( Timinal Court in Dublin for the attempted murder of an Ulster Defence Regiment (til)k) soldier near the border last February despite the tact that the UDR tfOOper's account was contradicted by a British forensic expert and by his earlier statements. James Hughes and Conor O'Neill were convicted in the case The incident had occurred at Scardans Upper, Bcllcek, Fermanagh, on February 5th. The men were also given concurrent 12-vcar sentences for having firearms with intent to Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher reviewing the I fitter Defence Regiment endanger life at Helleek and 10 years for having two Kalashnikov rifles, a revolver and ammunition in Donegal on the same date. The court made DO finding on a further charge of shooting at the trooper witii intent to cause grievous bodily harm. Mr. Hughes (28), and Mr. O'Neill (27), both from Dungannon, Tyrone, but with an address at Westport, Ballyshannon, Donegal, had denied all charges. The trial was under die 1976 Criminal Law Jurisdiction Act, which allows for suspects to be tried in the south for offenses allegedly committed in northeast Ireland. The court was told during the nine-day trial that Mr. Glass (49), a Fermanagh dog warden and UDR corporal, was lured into an IRA ambush at a remote farm one and a half miles from die border. The trooper shot dead an IRA man, Joseph MacManus (21), widi his personal-issue pistol and forced others to flee. He was injured in both legs after he was hit by seven bullets and is still on crutches. The accused men were arrested shortly alter the incident by gardai who found them in a ditch close to the border in Donegal. Two Kalashnikov rifles and a revolver were found some time later. Sentencing the men, Justice Barr, presiding, said that die court was satisfied that die probably primary objective of die men was to hijack the trooper's van. Tlie court was aJ so satisfied tiiat both the accused men were part of an IRA squad. The judge said it was likely that the plan was to hijack the van, that the men did not know Glass was a UDR member and armed, and that his response in killing MacManus came as a complete surprise. He said the court did not accept Glass's account of what happened and it was likely that he fired first. Glass's initial account to the RUC was unreliable. The judge said the court had taken into account the age of the accused men and die fact that neither of them had previous convictions. They have been brought up in northeast Ireland at a time of much strife and inter-community tension and violence there, which may well have had some bearing on the formation of their characters, he added. TOP GARDA WAS BRITISH AGENT, SAYS MI6 MAN a LIAM RYAN Third Anniversary Memorial Mass Will Be Held At Visitation Parish 160 Van Cortland Park South near 240th St and Broadway Saturday, November 28th, 7:30pm Sponsored by Irish Northern Aid Social to follow at Jesse James Tavern Liam Ryan's favorite pub 236 Street and Broadway, Bronx, NY For Information call 212 736 1916 A former British intelligence agent has claimed there were pro and anti- IRA factions within the Garda. Fred Holyrod, who worked as a military intelligence officer with MI6 in Ireland in the 1970 s. I got the impression from them that there was a lot of suspicion around, that even within the gardai there were two factions, those who were anti-IRA and those who were pro-IRA, ki he said. The late Ned Gavery's period as Garda Commissioner was one of the most controversial in the history of the Garai and he was ultimately sacked by Fianna Fail in 1()77. During 1975and 1976 allegations that suspects were being beaten in Gardastations began to emerge and a number of gardai have since claimed a heavy gang existed within die force. He had recruited Garvey in the mid-70's when he was the second most senior Garda official in Dublin, Holyrod said. Before he was promoted by the Fine Gael government to Garda Commissioner in 1975. Garvey was head of C3, the intelligence unit of the Garda. The former MI6 agent said he had a Garda officer operating in the border area in the mid-70's under the codename The Badger , and had been in contact with other gardai in the South. It was clear they had authority from high up , he said. I was asked by some of the gardai to go down to Dublin and I agreed. I was taken to the Phoenix Park and introduced Garvey. There was another man present at that meeting who, Holyrod said, he understood to be a senior army officer. They made it clear that they wanted to pass on information to the British, he said. After being shown an IRA arms factory which had been discovered in Donabate, near Dublin, he was asked to trace the British machinery used in that factory. Holyrod said Garvey had supplied him with 150 photos had files on IRSP members which he brought back to his controller. He had made arrangements with Garvey to meet on a monthly basis. But Garvey told me to be careful who I talked to in the forensic laboratory and named one person whom be should not talk to. //// Voice of Irish Repi hlicasism is America v* + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..79a7f7b2e --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 15 SPONSORED BY CENTRAL NEW JERSEY INA - ANTOINE MAC GIOLLA BHRIGHDE The Families of Irish Political Prisoners of War ( SENTENCED ) To lives of hardship, indignity, and separation. they endure strip searches, detention, arrest, and possible imprisonment themselves to visit their loved ones in English jails. See the video SENTENCED October 29,1992,8PM Morley McGovern's Pub 104 Westfield Ave. East (Route28) Roselle Park, NJ for information call (908) 351-4522 Special Celtic New Year second feature: AGAINST HER MAJESTY IRISH; wL gt;IC3* Every Sunday 6PM-7PfVt * ' 1st, Jo Thomas interview SOCIAL DEFENSE FUND FOR GERRY MCGEOUGH FRANCIE GILDERNEW Sunday, Nov. 8th. 7pm to 10pm BISHOPS RESTAURANT Route 303 Tappan, NY Buffet-Open Bar Music by Luke O'Malley For Information contact Jimmy Teague (914) 359-5138 Patrick Donaghy (212) 481-6100 Sal Donaghy (201) 768-7668 Bob Loughman (914) 354-2473 Phil Pearson (914) 735-3975 rmaumwmin ymlsai Special presentation of I THE KILLING OF FERGAL CARRAHER CULLYHANNA: REPORT OF PUBLIC INQUIRY The Truth Behind The Murder of Fergal Carraher Just after Christmas 1990, Fergal Carraher, age 20, was shot dead by England's Royal Marine Commandos as he and his brother, Micheal, aged 23, drove from a pub carpark near their family home of Cullyhanna, South Armagh* Micheal Carraher survived to describe the shooting and dozens of witnesses claimed the British opened fire for no reason. When the British government refused to investigate the shooting, the people of Cullyhanna organized an international public inquiryj which eventually resulted with two Royal marines being charged with murder. This video documents the enquiry. ADDED ATTRACTION: WHAT BELL CLINTON IN THE WHITE HOUSE WILL MEAN FOR IRELAND Jim Welden, Clinton campaign representative and President of l.B.E.W. Local 728, will explain what a Clinton victory in the Nov. 3 election will mean for Ireland, North and South, and Irish-Americans. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 27, 8PM I.B.E.W. HALL Local 728 (2ND FLOOR) 201 S.E. 24TH STREET, FT. LAUDERDALE (STATE ROAD B4, 2 BLOCKS EAST OF ANDREWS AVE.) PHONE: (305) 984-9542 FULL BAR INA MERCHENDISE ON SALE DONATION 3.00 ALL PROCEEDS GO TO SUPPORT FAMILIES OF IRISH POLITICAL PRISONERS V. J I 03 00 IRISH' BILL BRIGGS AMD FRIENDS - LIVE FROM HOBOKEN This sixty minute casssette was recorded live at the Shannon Lounge in Hoboken, New Jersey on July 14,1992. Irish Bill Briggs, Irish Joe Mancuso, Sligo Anne, Nancy Ferguson and Billy J. O'Neal donated their time and talent to make this recording for the benefit of Irish Political Prisoners. All proceeds from the sale of this tape will be donated to Irish Northern Aid for the relief of Irish Political prisoners and their dependents. Songs include: Broad Black Brimmer*Down by the Glenside/Bold Fenian Men Grand St Patrick's Day 66 Days Billy ReidTTake it Down from the Mast Back Home in Derry*Derry City Irish Soldier Laddie* James Connolly Eyes of the IRA My Little Armalite Mandela Where is the Man? Streets of Sorrow/Birmingham Six God Save Ireland. Price 10.00 each plus 1.50 shipping and handling. Irish Northern Aid 363 Seventh Ave S. 405 New York, NY 10001 1 800-IRELAND FAX 212-279-1916 a Irish Bill Briggs and Friends uve pRom r gt;oeoRetsi The Von i: of Irish Republicanism in America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2d18b2a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE IT'S NOVEMBER-TIME TO REMEMBER George Bush in the middle of the night sent Joe Doherty back in chains to British-occupied Northeast Ireland. George Bush sent the American-born citizen Liam Quinn to England to face the same legal system that wrongfully jailed the Guildford Four, the Winchester Three, Judith Ward and the Birmingham Six for seventeen years. George Bush forced American citizen Liam Ryan, a supporter of Irish freedom, back to his assassination by British murder squads. George Bush's federal agents have continuously arrested and harassed Irish activists at the behest of the British Government, such as Gerry McGeough Colum Meehan Eamon Meehan Gabriel Megahey Francis Gildernew Jim Barr Sean Mackin Philomena Mackin George Bush's Justice Department has imprisoned supporters of Irish freedom, such as The Boston Three The Florida Four The New York Five After the Irish beat George Bush in open court, he went behind closed doors and stripped away from the Irish the time-honored American tradition of protecting political exiles. George Bush says that when it comes to political the Irish need not apply . George Bush refuses to allow Irish their First Amendment rights by denying Gerry Adams and other Sinn Fein members a visa to speak to the American people. Now George Bush wants to send Jim Smyth and Kevin Barry Artt to join Joe Doherty in a Northeast Ireland prison. We urge all the 44 million Irish Americans to vote for Bill Clinton who has promised that there will be no more Joe Doherty's. Sponsored by the Irish American PAC Sean Mackin, Chairman 319 Broadway, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10007 The Voice of Irish Ran in n + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..96846392c --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 2 Ford Slammed for Discrimination Sectarian divisions run deep in the Ford Motor Company's West Belfast plant, according to a 27-page report leaked last week. This is despite company denials that religious discrimination exists in Fold's Finaghy Road North plant. The report by the American-based Investor Responsibility Research Center (IRRC) stated that Catholics were underrepresentcd in some job categories and called for affirmative action to rectify departmental imbalances. The draft report makes no conclusions. Those involved are at pains to point out that it is not in a position to prove or disprove complaints or grievances. Nevertheless, the latest report differs from the IRRC January 1991 Oliver Kearney of the Equality Group examination of employment practices at Ford and five other American companies with factories in northeast Ireland. Then, the IRRC stated that the 278 Catholics in Ford's 700 workforce accurately reflected the rehgiousaffiliationofthe working-age population. But in the briefing paper dated July 1992 and received by Ford management last month, the IRRC reports a catalog of cases of alleged discrimination againstCatholicworkers. In September 1987, Ford published its first fair-employment practices and policies report and issued its own set of principles. But in the IRRC report it was stated, The principles are not posted and management does not appear to have done much lately to keep the pledges made in the principles in the forefront, except to make available the annual report on compliance. IRRC added that tension between Protestants and Catholics at Ford is considerable and that there was a strong sense of grievance among some Catholic workers. It pointed out that workers were pursuing discrimination complaints. A Ford Motor company spokesman for Britain confirmed that it had received the IRRC draft report last month. The Ford representative said that the company would not comment on the content of the draft report or the conclusions of the final version to be received next month until after they had been studied. The campaigning northeast Ireland group, Equality, nevertheless described tlie report as fairly damning and claimed that serious imbalances at management and supervisory levels remained. SANDS FAMILY ENDORSES PETER KING FOR CONGRESS Peter King and Rosa leen Sands at Hunger Strike Rally in Ireland The family of Irish hunger striker Hobby Sands has announced its support of Peter King in his campaign for Congress. In a statement from Belfast, the Sands family said: l4We are proud to endorse Peter King's candidacy for the United States 1 louse of Representatives, and we urge all Americans who support human rights, justice and freedom for the Irish people to vote for Peter King. Peter King is not only a friend of our family, he is also a true friend oi the nationalist community. He has made repeated visits to the north of Ireland at considerable personal and political risk. At SO many key moments the hunger strikes, the plastic-bullet tribunal, the supergrass trials, internment demonstrations Peter King was the one American who was always there. Peter's election to Congress will guaranteee that the Irish issue is raised at the highest governmental levels. His election will send a message to London and Dublin, as well as to Washington, D.C., that British oppression of the Irish people will be subject to public scrutiny and debate. Just as importantly, Peter King's election will offer hope and encouragement to the nationalist community. (signed) Rosaleen and John Sands Marcella Sands Kelly Hernadette Sands McKevitt Seta Sands King said that he was gratified and honored to be endorsed by the Sands family. I have never met more noble or courageous people, and I will do all that 1 can 10 justify their friendship and support. When 1 am elected toCongress, 1 Will use all the powers of my office to foCMS national attention on British oppression in the occupied six counties. m jpjyEfl - ' ;*WnjS - i?B ij H 4* - - L A i sps . B V imm * * jT HBL?x lt;?y ffiHliiiiiii : . '. -'- Queen's University, symbol of discrimination Kennedy Vows to Fight Queen's on Jobs Bias Congressman Joe Kennedy has said that he intends to step up his attempts to see Queen's University's fair- employment record highlighted in the United States. He warned that he also plans to ensure that the university is not helped by American-taxpayer dollars or funds at any level. He described the university as a bastion of sectarianism in northeast Ireland'* when it came to fair employment. A statement from the Congressman's Washington office follows an exchange a month ago in which he called on Queen's to tackle its fair-employment problem. Tlie university claimed that it was the victim of a smear campaign. In his latest statement, Congressman Kennedy says, When all is said and done and the excuses are set aside, the cold hard fact remains that Queen's University shamelessly continues as a bastion of sectarianism in northeast Ireland on the question of fair-employment practices. Bar a university with a student body with a nationalist majority not to reflect comparable numbers from the community in its hiring and promotion policies is not only inexcusable, it adds to the division in the whole of northeast Ireland's society. How can Queen's justify a workforce where only one in four of its employees comes from the nationalist community? He added that the university had an obligation to actively recruit within the nationalist community and to demonstrate that it was clearly opposed to religious discrimination. For a university that is the training ground for so many of northeast Ireland's civil servants, developing an ethos that it is opposed to religious discrimination is vital. He claimed that the university was intent on trying to preserve the status quo and that this had done nothing for its reputation at home or overseas. A university spokesman replied, Misleading and uncorroborated assertions about the university's policies and practices are unhelpful in furthering fair-employment and equal-opportunities objectives to which this university is committed. I hi Von i oi Irish Re/ gt;i hi n a ism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c9a3a7567 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE ROBINSON DEMANDS SINN FEIN BAN Sinn F in has said that if Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party deputy Peter Robinson were to apply his interpretation of the law to his own party, he would be arguing for the DUP to be banned. Belfast councillor Mairtin () Muilleoir was replying to a call by Robinson for Sinn F6in to be proscribed. Robinson had given British Secretary Patrick Mayhew a 24-page dossier which argues the case for such a ban. Robinson said that the dossier showed that Sinn F6in was welded indivisibly to the IRA. It also emerged that Sinn F6in has been preparing a dossier on the DUP which it intends releasing to the media next week. Mr. O Muilleoir referred to what he called the hypocrisy of Peter Robinson and his party. The DUP's record of involvement with loyalistparamilitary groups began with the foundation of the party. Thatcollusion was clearly seen during the 1974 loyalist strike, Paisley's abortive 1977 strike, the mountaintop exploits of Paisley, the foundation of Ulster Resistance, and much more besides, Mr. O Muilleoir said. Robinson told a press conference that Sinn F n was the IRA s partner and accomplice. He said the evidence more than met the basic legal requirements for the Peter Robinson, In beret, of Loyalist paramilitary outlawing of Sinn F6in. Mayhew will shortly outline in Parliament his case for the recent outlawing of the loyalist Ulster Defence Association. Robinson said it would be difficult for Mayhew to defend tlie decision not to do the same to Sinn F6in. He is going to have to convince the House of Commons that he is acting in northeast Ireland in an even-handed, balanced way. In a society which is divided, you cannot act in a way which clearly indicates that you abhor violence from one side of tlie community but you are prepared to close your eyes to violence from tlie other, Robinson said. The British Northern Ireland Office said it was studying the DUP document on Sinn F6in but added, The evidence is that Sinn F6in is not an organization which is actively and primarily engaged in the commission of criminal terrorist acts that is tlie criterion which government applies when proscribing organizations, Protesters Issue Broadcasting Ban Challenge an early meeting to discuss a review of the ban. Central TV studios in Birmingham were picketed by members of the Tnxips Out Movement protesting against the broadcasting ban on Sinn F n, Spokesperson Mary Pearson said, We believe that unless the views of everyone in tlie conflict in northeast Ireland are listened to, there will never be peace.*1 lour Derry Sinn Fftin councillors staged an occupation of Radio Foyle's studios in protest of what they called tlie udemonization and vilification of their members by tlie broadcasting ban. Hugh Brady. Barney McFadden, Dodie McGuiiiness, and Gcaroid () hHara entered the Foyle Building just before 1:00 p.m. They passed through a security check by pretending that they had business with a reporter, then slipped quickly into the studios. Meanwhile, outside the station gate a group of Sinn Fein supporters mounted a picket. Thfi station was forced 10 cancel its Newsdesk at One program, which was replaced by Radio Ulster s Newsbreak. Sinn Fein Pledges to Continue Talks with Churchmen I Protest outside the BBC Journalists have been urged by Sinn Fein to break the law and ignore the British government ban on broadcasting comments by the party's members. Sinn F in councillors joined party President Gerry Adams and Ard- Chomhairle member Jim Gibney in a demonstration outside BBC headquarters in Belfast's Ormeau Avenue. The demonstrators marked the anniversary of the ban imposed by the then British Home Secretary Douglas Hurd by handing in a letter of protest to Broadcasting House. Derry City councillor Mitchel McLaughlin said that the ban was initially opposed by the National Union of Journalists, the Independent Broadcasting Authority and the BBC. He said that John Bird, the BBC director general in 1988, promised to lobby MPs and take the argument to the public through newspapers and public appearances. Sinn F6in is challenging the broadcasters and broadcasting journalists to state exactly what opposition they have mounted or intend to mount against the directives. We must also complain to broadcasters that in operating the ban, they have been over-stringent and over-cautious in its interpretation. There have been many occasions when Sinn F in could have been interviewed on social and economic matters but was not. In those rare instances where our spokespersons were interviewed, it was often only as aresult of incessant lobbying, said Mr. McLaughlin. Referring to the recent sub-titling of comments by former MP Bernadette McAliskey on a BBC television program, Mr.McLaughlinsaidthatself-censorshipby broadcasters had taken over where official censorship left off. 'The interpretation of tlie ban appears to be becoming even more restrictive as self- censorship and fear of criticism from tlie political establishment Uikes a stronger grip Calling on broadcasting journalists to reexamine their opposition to the ban, Mr. McLaughlin said, The best challenge that they could make to this authoritarian directive is, of course, to break the ban. Only when the broadcasters find the courage to do that will opposition be galvanized and the British government forced to restore to the British public their right to freedom of information. A BBC spokesman said that director general Michael Checkland had written to Heritage Secretary Peter Brooke, asking for Sinn Fdin leaders and Presbyterian churchmen have promised to persevere in their peace talks. The pledge followed a meeting between Sinn F6in President Gerry Adams and Chairman Tom Hartley, and former moderators Dr. Jack PI 1 i B j * 1 J '. Weir Tom Hartley seated along with Mitchell McLaughlin and Godfrey Brown. The two sides said they would continue talks despite differences between them. In a statement they reaffirmed that the search for peace demanded continuing and persevering dialogue together. The churchmen said they were convinced that peace-making was a special obligation on any church which sought to follow Christ as prince of peace. The joint statement said: Any progress, humanly speaking, depended on a reduction and, if possible, a speedy ending to tlie present violence in our society, which placed such a barrier in the way of understanding and strengthenedaresistance among so many to fruitful dialog. Mr. Adams called on churches to develop a peace strategy . He said, As a first step in apeace process, the Presbyterian Church should embrace the principle of inclusive dialog. Sinn F6in sources said the talks were useful ; they were not a short-term process but part of a long-term one. In a separate statement, Mr. Adams criticized Church of Ireland Primate Dr. Robin Frames. He said there was a contradiction between the primate's claim that he supported dialog and his rejection of Sinn F6in*s participation in talks. The archbishop had a clear moral responsibility to support an inclusive dialog . The Voice oe Irish Rei gt;i rijcasism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1a8908b46 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 4 On November 3rd, the Choice for Irish American Voters is Clear.., For 12 years, the Republican Administrations of Ronald Reagan and George Bush have demonstrated positive and deliberate hostility toward the concerns of the Irish American community* On November 3rd, we can allow this tradition of neglect and outright disdain to continue, or we can take a positive step toward change by electing the only Presidential candidate who has shown any interest in our concerns BILL CLINTON. AS PRESIDENT, BILL CLINTON WILL... Encourage all states to adopt the MacBride principles. Highlight human-rights abuses in northern Ireland by focusing on reports by Amnesty International and Helsinki Watch. Support sending a US Peace Envoy to northern Ireland to help break the political logjam and lead all parties concerned toward a peaceful resolution of the conflict. Never allow another Joe Doherty-type case to occur Bill Clinton will leave the judicial decisions to the judiciary. He believes that all applicants for political asylum are entitled to a full and fair hearing on their claims regardless of the US government's relationship with the nations from which they flee. The Irish American community is tired of being ignored by Washington. We must seize this opportunity to elect Bill Clinton, because it is time we once again had a friend in the White House not an adversary. In addition, we encourage you to support the following candidates... For US Senator from New York, vote for BOB ABRAMS In the 13th Congressional District, vote for SAL ALBANESE In the 9th Congressional District, re-elect TOM MANTON In the 14th Congressional District, vote for CAROLYN MALONEY VOTE FOR CLINTON-GORE....BECAUSE THE TIME FOR CHANGE IS NOW ON NOVEMBER 3RD-REMEMBER JOE DOHERTY Paid for by IRISH AMERICANS FOR CHANGE and supported by the following individuals: Kevin Barry Mary Brady*Kathy Iiyrne*Anne Canty Frank T. Carvill* Jim ConnelhMichael CoughliiWVIaureen Counihan*Carol DeHaan*Margaret Doherty*Patrick Doberty Larry Downes Frank Durkan+Larr; Eariy*Mary Ellen Grogan*George Harrison*Frank Hoarevloe JamisoiHJsa L. Johnson*Margaret KennedyBill Lenahan Margaret I ami non-Ken nedy Janet LevillS+Bob Linnon*Maggie Lynch-Smitli Ct gt;dy McCone Fiieen ()'Dea*Mae O'Driscoll'Brian (VDwyerrJulianne O'RiordanOwen Rodgers* Francis X. Ryan Se n Fergal Saunders F. E. Scanlon John Simpson Jimmy Smtth*Gaurt Sullivan*Timothy Whelan Marv Wilson THE IRISH PEOPLE Editor: Martin Galvin Copy Editor: Liam O'Keefe Staff Columnists: Brian MacDonald, Father Des Wilson, Dennis Prebensen, Joe Doherty, Nosey Flynn, Danny Crawford, Liam O'Keefe Production: Loretta Fay, Carol White, Marjorie Dolan, Eugene McElroy, Celine Canavan Staff Reporter: Peggy Hoey Business: Larry Quinn, Marion Reynolds The Irish People Newspaper (ISSN 0888-3556 USPS 070-770) is published weekly (except the second week in August and the third week in December) by the Irish People Inc., 363 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY Second Class Postage Paid at New York, NY. Annual Subscription Rate 30 in the United States, 38 Canada TELEPHONE 212-736-1916 FAX 212-279-1916 Postmaster: please send change of address to the following address: THE IRISH PEOPLE 363 SEVENTH AVENUE NEW YORK, NY 10001 Subscribe to the Voice of Irish Republicanism in America The Irish People newspaper keeps you informed about the daily events taking place in the continued struggle of the Irish people for national self-determination. The Irish People also keeps you informed about American politics and events which directly affect the situation in Ireland. The Irish People reports the activities of those groups and organizations that work together to bring an end to British occupation of northeast Ireland. Yes I would like a Subscription to the IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER Name: Address: City: State/Zip: Telephone: Ow (Renewal Qyr- 30 Q)yr- 48 IRISH PEOPLE 363 Seventh Avenue NY, NY 10001 Money order, check* Master Card or Visa accepted (Prices may differ for residents out of the US.) //// Voice oi Irish Repciii.ic as ism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1215e76f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 5 ' ff*//**'' r'rrTrmr7 1 m jj2/ ?m gt;mx rssssss*. f7J ra-rmuf/frtttf/f/fA '. gt; V 'SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS* Irish American Unity Conference Dear Editor: Everyone who was fortunate enough to attend the Irish American Unity Conference in Costa Mesa, California, last weekend listened to some of the most prominent speakers on Irish American issues today. Speaking on human rights and due process violations in the north of Ireland were Judge Andy Somers and Cody McCone. Judge Somers, a veteran observer of court proceedings in the north, relayed his shocking experiences of the lack of due process in the British justice system. Mr. McCone, president of the Brehon Law Society, outlined steps his organization is taking at the United Nations to help achieve real justice in the six counties. Speaking from his own experiences with the policies of deportation, Gerry McGeogh gave a stirring address on the personal tragedy he and his family have suffered. James Smyth stated his first-hand experiences of abuse in our justice system. Speaking on Mr. Smyth's behalf was his attorney Karen Snell, who outlined efforts underway to ensure that Mr. Smyth would not suffer the same fate at Joe Doherty. Dan Lawton, attorney for the detained Kevin Artt, highlighted the fate of his client who is in jail in California also on extradition charges. Tim Cotton of the Francis Gildernew Defense Fund, and Mr. Gildernew himself addressed the convention. Both outlined the malicious extradition case the United States government is proceeding with because of Mr Gildernew's activism on Irish issues. Frank Durkan, known for his outstanding efforts in defending extradition suspects in this country, received the Pat Finucane Award. Former congressman Bruce MorrisonreceivedthePaulO'Dwyer Award for his herculean efforts for Irish immigrants, whichresultedin die Morrison Vise program. Assemblyman John Burton of San Francisco received the Sean MacBride Award for his sponsorship of the MacBride Principles campaign in California. Assemblyman Burton pledged Bto double his efforts on MacBride to ensure passage, and to help Mr. Smyth and Mr. Artt BOSTON THREE fight extradition. Robert Ballagh of the Irish National Congress was one keynote speaker who spoke of his work to preserve articles two and three of the Irish Constitution. Mr. Ballagh stressed that if articles two and three were repealed, only the British government would have legal claim to represent the people of the six counties, which just will not do. Without exception, the greatest response was given to the other keynote speaker, Mr. Ken Livingstone, Labour MP. Mr. Livingstone spoke on the scope of involvement by British military intelligence in the north. Mr. Livingstone has written a book on the involvement of tlie British in Uiecampaign of terror againstthe nationalist population. Mr. Livingstone brought the convention to its feet, when he challenged the British government to sue him for slander for charges made in his book, so he could prove the scandalous British involvement in northeast Ireland in a courtroom. Sincerely, Neil G. Flanagan Costa Mesa, CA TO the Editor, Irish People By now you should all know that the so-called Supreme Court has refused to hear the appeal of our case brought before it . This travesty of Justice continues. The dangerousprecedentestablishedheredenies tlie protection of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution to anyone the government wishes. In effect, the Bill of Rights is meaningless. With one stroke, the document hundreds of thousands of Americans died to preserve has been cast upon die dung heap of history. It lasted a little over two hundred years until Bush and his court destroyed it. It takes no genius to see that this country is in mortal danger. Hie forces at work in the current administration are doing everything in Uieir power to change this nation into a sad blend of Hitler's Germany and Stalin's USSR. Don't listen to their words, look at their actions. One right after another, one freedom after another has been quitely stolen from us. We are at die threshold at which we cease to be a nation and become a police state the national security state of die world. Their apparatus is in place at diis minute. If this frightens you, it should. At this minute, in this prison I am living the life you will all live in the future...unless you do something now. Do what? First and foremost get out and vote Get this corrupt gang out of the White House as soon as possible. Get everyone you can out to vote to defeat this tyrant now I am not the only one on the line. You, your families and your dependents are all in danger. No one can profess to be a supporter of Irish freedom (or American freedom) and vote for Bush. To do so is a lie. Second, lake an active interest in what goes on in this government. Learn about our case as an example of what can go wrong. Write to your representatives and senators to complain about our treatment. This issue effects your lives, too. Tell them how you feel. Demand something be done. Finally, 1 wish to thank everyone who has expressed their support and solidarity. It makes all the difference in tlie world. We will all triumph in this battle only if we fight VOTE Richard Johnson Ravhrook, NY D'Amato versus Abrams and the Irish Dimension By now, most New York voters have received one or more carefully crafted legislative bulletins from Senator Al D'Amato. Recendy he aimed one such piece of literature at his Irish-American constituents. In it, New York's junior Senator proclaimed, ...he is proud to support the causes of the Irish both here and abroad. The literature was fairly standard a blend of half-truths and misstatements lacking only the disclaimer For amusement purposes only. The letter format addressed the case of Joe Doherty, the MacBride Fair Employment Principles and immigration, all of which are related to a conflict which has commanded little of the Senator's interest in his twelve years in CD INVESTORS CAN YOU AFFORD TO EARN ONLY 4 A YEAR? Interest rates are the lowest they've been in decades. You've probably felt the pinch of falling Certificate of Deposit yields and declining savings account rates. If your savings aren't working hard enough, it's time to do something about it. After paying taxes on your CDs' and savings you could be earning less than 3 on your money. YOU SHOULD NOT PAY TAXES ON MONEY YOU ARE NOT USING. We can offer you savings programs that yield more than CDs' and savings accounts and the interest is tax deferred. For more information return this coupon to: Capital Financial Group, Inc. P.O. Box 11072 Albany, NY 12211 office. In fact, die appeal points to a troublesome dilemma for tlie Senator He is faced with die nation's largest ami most active Irish-American constituency and Reagan-Bush policies dial ignored or were indifferent to die Irish conflict and its victims. As a result, die Irish American activists have galvanized as never before. The tension between the making waves image the Senator relishes and the missing in action reality of his record is apparent in the very issues he claims to champion. Consider The Senator never batded the White House or the Republican-controlled Senate in 1985 when a shameful, retroactive British extradition treaty was ratified. Nor did he fight them during Doherty 's 5-year deportation/asylum struggle that followed. He setded for last-minute letter writing that was crafted more for media consumption than as a serious challenge to State Department policies. Since 1984, the Senator who takes them on hasco-sponsoredaMacBride Principles bill that has yet to be given a Congressional hearing. Senator D' Amato was urged to link any US contributions to the British- concocted International Fund for Ireland (IFI) to the MacBride Principles, but he did not, and he suddenly became a wallflower during the 1986 debate. IFTs proven track record of waste and sectarian spending was rewarded last month with 20 million, Senator D'Amato's vote and his silence. On the other hand, Mr. D'Amato has missed opportunities to, at the very least, give visibility to these same Irish causes. The annual debate over foreign aid to various thugs or the trading status of nations like China are ideal times to run down Britain's sorry record of human- and civil- rights violations in Ireland. During the loan-guarantee debates, he could have asked the President why he hondles Israel for refugee housing but sanctions IFI taxes being used to line the pockets of British hotel magnates. When tlie Cuban exile Orlando Bosch, who was convicted of placing a bomb on an airliner that killed HO persons, was granted asylum, why didn' 11V Amato demand that President Bush give the same consideration to Joe Doherty, whose case had far more merit? What impact all this may have on Senator D'Amato's re-election is anyone's guess. Although the issues of freedom, democracy and justice are as important in Ireland as in the Congo, Nicaragua or China, the scale of the conflict is small and the merit of the struggle is often obscured or censored by the British media managers. The mistakes alluded to here are, after all, acts of omission. The Senator has not yet taken to praising British justice and their generosity to the Irish, as does Senator Moynihan, who is viewed more as a surrogate spokesman for British interests in the US Senate. There is also the question of how much Senator D'Amato can be justifiably criticized when the duties of Dublin's diplomats in Washington seem to be confined to poetry parties and shamrock presentations. As for his opponent, there is not a lot of evidence of Bob Abrams' positions on the issues related to Ireland' s conflict except for his remarks at the Irish American Senate Forum in August. This is surprising, considering the Attorney General's early political career in the Bronx, a veritable cauldron of Irish and Irish American activism. Many were impressed, as was I, with Senator D'Amato's 1980 visit to the North of Ireland in spite of the State Department's directives that he should not do so. But fame, fortune, and a more effective Jewish lobby liave shifted tlie Senator's priorities over die years and somewhat tarnished that making waves reputation he portrays in his mailing. Those concerned with Ireland's conflict know that real Senate leadership from New York could be significant and could have an impact on peace and justice there. Unfortunately, many of these same persons supported Senator D'Amato, expecting a pit bull dog and instead getting a pussy cat. Michael Cummings The Voice of Irish Republicanism in America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fbbaebc24 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE BELFAST PERSPECTIVE Fr. Dks Wilson MULTINATIONAL LINKS British strategy to keep military and economic control of the northeast of Ireland now includes creating trading links between 4tnorth and south''. One has to put this into context. Many years ago, the British government was able lo hold the area by planting settlersandindustries.Hventually,however, especially in the 70s and '80s, tlie British economy became impoverished, and many Of these industries could DO longer be kept in Ireland, the British government then made a bid to get American, Dutch and French companies into the north, with generous allowances and giants. These companies were to provide what British companies had done in the past: bring some jobs, but impermanent industrialization. The one tlun that had to be avoided at all costs was encouraging native Irish industry in the area. If British industry could not be successfully planted any longer, then mainland European, American or Japanese industry would do. Such foreign investment would depend on British subsidies and would come and go according to market needs and the Irish would liave no control over their coming, their going or their staying. MULTINATIONAL Today there is enormous competition for such international and multinational companies. The British government, with its hold on Ireland becoming more and more insecure (and with increasing poverty at home making the government think about future deploymentof its troops on the streets of Liverpool, Cardiff and Glasgow rather than Belfast), is now looking to other means of filling its industrial needs in Ireland's northeast. BURDEN Two things are important. One is to reduce tlie financial burden which tlie northeast represents for the British; another is to reduce tlie need to have English, Scottish and Welsh tnx)ps there. They have tried to ensure that whatever fighting is done in Ireland will be done by Irish. The B Specials became the UDR, which became ajCIrislTregimentdeployed in the forefront of whatever fighting they cause in Ireland while their own troops can be brought back home. That, the British think, will fill tlie military gap. To fill tlie industrial gap, they are encouraging cross-border trade and cooperation. Thus, even if the British industrialists cannot comeand the European and Americans do not come, somebody will come. DUNNE STORES Ben Dunne will come. The British government has now realized that with a southern economy increasingly able tomake money and engage in international trading, its best shot is to encourage southern firms to expand north and northern firms to do business with the south. It is not an exercise in democracy or reconciliation . It is an exercise in making sure that the northeast, weakened to poverty by 70 years of inefficient government, still survives with a minimum of Irish control. Britain builds on Multinationals Whether Ben Dunne or anyone else comes will depend on British decisions. Such persons may get enticing subsidies or a bomb through their windows, or both, depending on prevailing British strategies. There are problems, however. While many businesspersons north and south want simply to do business and are already overcoming old and once profitable barriers of sectarianism in order to do so, local politicians are not keeping pace with their thinking. Many firms have already formed north/soutliconnections,butBritishunionist politicians in the northeast are intellectually and by training and culture incapable of thinking about economics. The SDLP's John Hume thinks in terms of Euro economics and imported capital. Gerry Adams thinks in terms of Irish internal economics as the mainstay of future independence, with Europe and America as icing on what could be a substantial cake. But the British unionists Paisley, Molyneaux, Maginnis, etc. have never been known to create an economic plan or put forward an idea about the economy of Ireland, or even of the northeast. GAPS The intellectual incapability is now being recognized as a major impediment to the British plan to fill up the gaps in Ireland's northeast with industry which, even if it is unavoidably Irish-based, is nevertheless under the ultimate control of nobody within the British- occupied zone except the British themselves. British unionists have not noticed that in spite of their anti-Catholic campaigns, Ben Dunne has come in from the south to buy Wellworths, thus becoming one of the northeast's biggest employers, while Bombardier of Quebecown Shorts, another large employer. Like others who are now coming into the stagnant commercial and industrial scene of the northeast, they are Catholics. As commercial operators, they are no better and no worse for that. One feels neither elation nor depression at their coming. One feels depression at the fact that the British unionists cannot deal intellectually with this or anything else that is happening to them. They have been left too long with no thinking to do. IRISH LEADERS BACK ALBANESE Irish American leaders gathered on October 26, 1992 at New York City Hall to formally endorse Sal Albanese, the I )emocratic candidate for the House of Representatives in new York's 13th Congressional District. Albanese, a Democratic New York City lt; ouncil member, has served in the City Council since 1982, earning a reputation as a an outspoken leader on Irish issues. He was the first municipal ;lator in the United States to spons lt; the MacBride principles. Alhanese is challenging the Incumbent congressmember, Susan Molinari Martin Galvin. die General Counsel o Irish Northern Aid Committee, said. It is seldom noted that Brooklyn City Council member Sal Albanese introduced the fust MacBride Principle's Bill Is New York CU) l le was among the first to support Joe Doherty. He condemned the murders of Sinn fern woikcis and iuiiixluccd City Council bills on the Winchester Rucc' plastic bullets. Sinn lein s Scenario for Peace a d a multitude of other Irish Sal Albanese concerns. Many council members in New York now have taken a a strong position on Irish issues only because Sal Albanese led the way. His opponent Susan Molinari has taken no real position on Irish issues. Elect Sal Albanese to Congress Jack Irwin, Nationallmmigration Director of tlie Ancient Order of Hibernians, added, Sal was in the forefront when there was a battle to secure New York City funding for irish immigrant assistant centers. He has always been there for the Irish-American community AlO'Hagan, with the A.O.H. and the 1986 New York Saint Patrick's Day Parade Grand Marshall, noted that Sal has always been there attending every large and small Irish event over the past decade. He can do great things for Irish- Americans in Washington. The American Irish Congress and the Emerald Society of the New York City Transit Police Department have also endorsed Albanese for Congree. The director of Irish-Americans for Albanese, Justin Kelly, said, Sal has a well- earned reputation among Irish-Americans as a leader on issues of concern to our community. He was the first municipal legislator in the nation to sponsor the MacBride Principles. He was a leading supporter of Joe Doherty. Indeed, while he was the only member of the Council to vote against a resolution supporting Doherty. Kelly added, She has done absolutely nothing on Irish issues. Frankly, her record is a disaster which reflects her lack of interest in our community. Albanese is running for the Congressional seat which encompasses all of Staten Island as well as the Bay Ridge, Dyker Heights, BensonhurstandCrravesend neighborhoods of Brooklyn. The Voice oi Irish Repi hi icasism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9b71a9afc --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE REAGAN/BUSH MOB ABANDONING SHIP The final countdown has begun in the nation's capital. Defeat and desperation are in the air. Lifeboats are filling up outside government agencies faster than they did on the night the mighty Titanic sank in the waters off Newfoundland. For twelve years, the country has been dominated by the greedy and amoral Reagan/Bush mob. Now, the clock is running out. The plundering of America's natural and industrial resources, the loss of our sovereignty, and the erosion of our democratic values under these scoundrels and their surrogates, has been unprecedented. The offenders are now running for cover. As election day approaches, the ubiquitous smirk on George Bush is beginning to disappear. A Bill Clinton/Al Gore victory is adistinct possibility. Capitol Hill pundits are predicting that the busiest person in the next administration will be the Attorney General. Hurray The job of getting to the bottom of the white-collar crimes caused by cronies of Reagan/Bush will be enormous. Neil Bush, one of tlie President's sons, named in the Silverado S L failure, is just a small player in the larger drama. Irish Americans have been in the forefront of warning the people about the excesses of these charlatans. From the extradition case of Joe Doherty to the cruel ordeal of Sean Mackin and the Boston Three , from Francis Gildemew to James Smydi and Kevin Barry Artt, our voices have been raised. As a result, some of us have been harassed by agencies of the UnitedStatesgovernment.Nevertheless, we have also cautioned about Britain's growing economic stranglehold (now S125 billion) in this country and their criminal interference with our federal elections. IranContragate, the BCCI mess (now being referred to as the Bank of Crooks and Criminals), the merger mania piracies and the BNL Iraq scandal all happened during Bush's watch. The White House has played a major part in these sordid sagas and in their subsequentcoverup. Things are presently so bad, and morale so low in the Bush Administration, thattheCentral Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation are openly investigating each other. Daggers have been drawn. BRITISH TIES The S500 billion looting of America's S L's took place while George Bush not only looked the other way, but actively intervened to keep a failing S L open . (See Jonathan Kwitney's expose', Village Voice, Oct. 20th). Kwitney reports that hundreds of millions of dollars in questionable loans ended up enriching the friends of George Bush, the CIA, favorite Republican causes, among them the contras and Jonas Savimbi's war in Angola. He connects Anglo-American predators, confederates of Bush and ex-Secretary of State James Baker, in Houston, New York and Washington, D.C., to the S L catastrophe. Now those who brought the nation the grossly inept Ed Meese, Richard Tricky Dick Thornburgh, and the bumbling William P. Barr, in the role of Attorney General, are abandoning the ship of state. The sorry chapter on the monumental mugging of the American taxpayers and carjacking of our revered Bill of Rights is mercifully coming to an end. Enormous amounts of wealth were corruptly transferred from tlie many to the few during tlie last 12 years. Justice requires that the guilty be punished and the monies restored. It also mandates that the previous wrongs done to the Irish American community by the Reagan/Bush regime be rectified by die new Democratic Administration. It is time also to terminate die misnamed special relationship with Britain. Absent a Democratic collapse, assisted covertly by thugs from Whitehall, it looks like curtain time for Bush and his hatchetman, J. Danforth Danny Boy Quayle. Good riddance The country has suffered enough under these anglophiles. WHERE IS IRELAND'S DESMOND TUTU? We live in a moral universe. Right and wrong do matter. The truth will out in the end, said Archbishop 1 )esmond Tutu. The winner of die 1984 Nobel Peace l ize spoke at Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore, on October 17th, before an overflow audience of admirers. I could not help but think while listening to the words of this great champion of freedom for South Africa, Where is Ireland's Desmond Tutu? Where indeed Recently, the entire hierarchy of the Irish Church journeyed over to Rome to celebrate the feast day of one of the saints. No one dared to raise the truth about British violence in the six counties. Not one The notion of Bishop Tutu not speaking the truth about South Africa is simply unthinkable. And yet for Ireland it is considered commonplace not to speak out on the situation in the north. Tutu said of the struggle for self- determination in his homeland, No matter how many guns you use, no matter how many people get killed., it is an inexorable truth that freedom will prevail in the end, that injustice and repression and violence will not have the last word. The moral intensity of his expression held most of tlie audience mesmerized. PAGE 7 TWO BRAVE DISSENTERS On April 18,1989, two brave Irish Former President Ronald Reagan with former Irish Prime Minister Garret Fitzgerald How did we get into this fix where we feel so alienated from so many of our clergy on the national question? Since tlie Treaty of Maynooth, the church has become, in facu if not in name, an ally of the colonizers (See Father Joe McVeigh's The Wounded Church). In their Faustian bargain with Whitehall, die clergy have moved from being our spiritual advisers to agents for maintaining the political status quo. This is a role Uiat their predecessors, the priestly druids, could never imagine The druids were always of and for the people true servants of the tribe. The idea thai they could serve any other master was alien to their calling. This is why Julius Caesar saw lit to crush the droidic order after he conquered die Celts in ancient Gaul. He rightly feared the druids' unique role in maintaining the solidarity and viability of the race. parish priests, 1 Esmond Wilson and Joseph McVeigh, direcdy addressed tlie Irish Catholic hierarchy. In a pamphlet, appropriately entitled, The Truth Will Set You Eree* they took the Bishops to task. You have ignored, they wrote, tlie basic cause of political violence in Ireland: The inability of the British state to govern justly By calling for acceptance of the armed institutions of the unjust and antidemocratic northern state, you are contributing to the continuation of the conflict rather than its resolution They pleaded with the Bishops to call for a moratorium on one-sided condemnations of violence, to advocate dialog with all the parties, and to acknowledge that it is an unjust government which is at the root of die conflict in die occupied six counties The Bishops, sinfully, chose to ignore the petition of the two dissenting prelates. CELTIC NEW YEAR The MacBride Chapter, Irish Northern Aid, will hold their annual Celtic New Year celebration on Saturday evening, October 31st, at Hibernian House, Pearl River. James Bredin, a native of Leitrim and long-time Pearl River resident, has been selected as Celt of the Year. Music and entertainment will be by Jim McPhail. Ken Tierney will discuss Samhain lore. The candle-lighting ceremony for the six Celtic nations will be followed by the Celts Circle of Unity. Refreshments will be provided. Donation 12.50. For reservations, call David Donohue, (914) 359-3443. Editor's note: The opinions in the column are those of the writer and not necessarily those of the paper. J The Voice of Irish Re pi riicasism is America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb34ee001 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +PAGE 8 THE IRISH PEOPLE OCTOBER 31, 1992 OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE By Hilda McThomas THERE'S BEEN A shooting in the York Hotel near the University. Two women. I think one of them is Sheena Campbell . A friend's voice on the phone, Friday evening, shortly after eight. The words hit me like a punch in the stomach. Sheena. No, not Sheena. Driving to the Royal Victoria Hospital on die Fall* Road, hoping that she is there, injured may he, hut close to her friends. No admissions tonight, the clerk says, your friend must be in the City. More driving through the night. At the reception we are told yes, she was admitted, to go into a small room. There a chaplain is waiting to break the news to relatives. Oh (iod. Sheena RUC in uniform mill about. Self i m p o r t a n t , indifferent, chewing gum: Sheena is not oneoftiieirown Two academics from Queens University are also waiting to commiserate with the family , Doing then corporal works of mercy before they return to issuing statements about violence on both Sides**, Never about violence from the British state Never about how the Hiitisli state amis and manipulates certain groups toeliminale its opponents. Pat Fmucane was such an opponent. Mowed down by loyalists a few weeks off his 40th birthday. A lawyer who was challenging what the British state was doing to the Irish people. And Sheena, who in a few weeks would have been 30. In her second veai of law. Sheena's challenge to the British state had been through Sinn I cin. but who knows what else she might have done with her talents Sheena*s enemies did not wait to find out We wait a little more, hoping lo catch Brendan, Sheena s partner, who is on his way**, An old man is led down a corridor to collect his wife's belongings, He looksfbiiorn She Is dead, and he catties on alone. Sheena is lying dead soincwheic near US, enfolded within (his big concrete block oi a hospital as m a tomb, and we have to carry on alone I remembei meeting Sheena in September 1991, to the North Belfast local by election We have put Sheena Campbell m chl someone had said, She knows what she's doing The Sinn Fein election office looked unusually calm and nearly deserted for 4 o'clock on election day. Whoa* were all the excited faces, die people milling about with cups of tea, die shouts and conversation? Then I saw this small figure, a young girl, sitting at a desk ticking off names, adding Sheena with John O'Dowd and Brendan Curran handing in her nomination papers to Craiagavon Civic Centre in April 1989 figures. Blue eye-shadow, short brown hair, high cheek bones, Sheena looked about eighteen. Someone else m a corner sorting sheets from registers. Another scoring Off items from a list How is it going? , we asked Sheena anxiously. Well, we have 834 votes so tar It is a bit slow but coming in steadily. We will know better m a couple oi hours Sheena sounded completely calm and matter of lad, she looked in full Control. We realised she had chased out oi the oiiwe all the usual hangers on, probably given them work to do. Everyone was doing something Weweiedirectedloour tasks loo, ami kept busy until ten that night the rest, as the say, is history. Joe Austin was elected comfortably to Belfast Citv Council. Sheena was bom on November in The Slopes, near I urgan, the eldest of si children, to Jeannie Queenie*) and Patsy lagan Then her father Patsy laboured on building sues lie now WOlfcs m a factory Her mother is a cleaner in the local school kitchen Sheena was raised m Gilford, a few miles from Craigavon, until she was ten, when her family moved to Craigavon. There she attended Lismore Comprehensive School. She left it at 16, with no incentive to go on, no sense then that she could make it*. Sheena went to work in a factory. Her mother too had left school young, gone to work. Yet her younger brothers, Sheena's uncles, had continued on at school, gone to university, kmade if out of second- class citizenship. The l;agans are a musical family. Sheena loved music, Irish music, country and western, classical. She sang a lot, learned die piano. A keen netball player, she missed selection to the Six Counties squad because of her small height. But from the start Sheena's life was politics. In her early teens she started selling Republican News, went with her mother to meetings and marches. At fourteen she was acting secretary of her local Sinn I(3in cumann. She would attend as delegate the meetings of the Ulster Executive, the forerunner of the Comhairle na S6 Chondae. She also did a stint as a youth leader in the local youth club, and was active on several community and tenants' associations. She joined the Relatives' Action Committee as soon as one was formed in Craigavon. As the fight to end criminalisation of Irish POWs was intensifying, Sheena became more active, and helped form a youth committee, the first Youth Against Armagh and H-Blocks, before it was ever heard of in Belfast, she rightly claimed. During the hunger strike, she was to lead a pupils' walk-out out of her old school, 1 ismore Comprehensive. One oi her teachers there was Tom French, of the Workers' Party, with whom she had many an argument while at school. In 1985, aged only 23, she would stand against him in the local elections, in the ('raigavon Central ward. Sheena polled tw ice as many first preference votes as her former teacher, and political rival. But while she failed to get elected, Tom French benefitted from transfers from the Alliance Party and got a council seat. Nevertheless, this spelled the end for 1'om Frcnch in that ward. (At the next local elections, he shifted to the Lockside ward where he got his seat with die help of unionist transfers.) Sheena had to leave work at eighteen, because of a heart condition. She got married then. Her marriage ended amicably a few years later, and she shared her life between her son Caolan, and her politics. People in Sinn F in quickly afterwards, call me a 'brat'. The local Sinn F6in organisation was reorganised along constituency lines. I got credited for this, Brendansays, but die credit wasn't mine. I knew nothing about the area The organising and restructuring was Sheena's work. Sheena became chairperson of the Comhairle Ceanntair in 1986. She also held positions on the Comhairle recognised her organising abilities. While she held the position of secretary on the Comhairle Ceanntair, her role was in fact that of an organiser. She was nominated as candidate for Sinn F6in in the Assembly elections of October 1982, but her name had to be withdrawn she was underage, not yet 20 Brendan Curran, her partner, recalls how he first met her. There were problems in the local Sinn F6in organisation in 1982-'83, and I was sent to this meeting, I was not long out of jail, they must have hoped that the presence of someone recently released from the H-B locks might stop people from bickering and fighting. So I got cleaned up and shaved, and arrived at this meeting with not a clue as to what it was about. I sat at the top table, beside Sheena, who was secretary. Sheena Limisteir as secretary and organiser. She traveled a lot tlirough the Upper Bann area, South Down, Newry- Armagh. She was well-known and loved everywhere. Ather funeral last Sunday, the large crowds came from all over the North, and quite a few from the 26 Counties as well. Yet in spite of her abilities Sheena was always reluctant to take on positions. She only agreed to speak in public as a stand-in for a comrade who could not make it. This is how she came to speak at the Easter commermoration in Cullyhanna in 1983, her first public engagement. Jim McAllister recalls how she was nervous at first, and then did so well that the local people kept asking for her to come back. But her forte was organising. She had a gift for details, Brendan says, she just seemed to know what was needed, where the wee cogs were missing along the Sheena*s father and sister Gabrielle bearing her Tricolor-draped coffin pulled out this book and started writing. Tut that book on the table and let on you know what you are doing,' I quipped. She looked at me. She would slag me for this for years way. Sheena talked about structuring meetings before anyone else in Sinn Fein, and drew up for her Limist6ar detailed papers describing the jobs involved in each of the positions. She took training sessions with local secretaries and chairpersons. Yet she never saw herself as anyone of outstanding ability. She never realised how relevant and important she was to the republican struggle. Her enemies obviously did. Of course to republican activists throughout the North, whether or not dicy came into personal contact with Sheena, she remains the architect of what came to be known as the Torrent Strategy', named after the local by-election in the Torrent ward of Dungannon in (date). But it should really have been named the 'Upper Bann strategy', since this is where this professional, systematic approach to election work was developed, or, perhaps more appropriately, the SheenaCampbell strategy', since she developed it. In the constituency tiiat she worked in, and the wards she was brought into to direct operations, Sheena ended years of amateurish, haphazard election work and helped election workers schedule their work, record their findings and complete all the tasks effectively and efficientiy. Brendan recalls in amazement how she turned the situation around in die Torrent ward, getting Francie Moiloy elected against the odds. She went into Tyrone, and you know how parochial they can be down there, and she took control and chastised them all, and in the end got Francie elected. She even got Brendan Doris - 'Basil' to his friends to wear a tie, well, at least to carry one in his pocket at all times. Sheena had planned everyone's timetable in detail, and Francie remembers how one day, as he had asked her how she thought things were going, she said, Everything is fine, but you shouldn't disappear for an hour when there is work to be done . I thought she hadn't noticed that I had slipped out to get abreak. She didn't miss anything . But the workers got their own back. She used to tell canvassers off for spending too long chatting on the doorsteps. On a canvass with Seamus Nugent, Jim McAllister and Brendan Curran, she decided to show them how it was done. Anybody in? , she shouted into the house. But the farmer was at his work in the cowshed. I can't hear you, he shouted back. Sheena, who as always was immaculately turned out, had to wade through several inches of cow manure in her high heels to deliver her election message, Jim McAllister recalls. That was die end of her canvassing for that day . At the end of last year Sinn F6in's education department decided to run workshops for election workers, based on the Torrent on Sheena Campbell's Strategy. Some of us were asked to prepare an education pack based on it. We had anticipated we would spend a few hours talking to Sheena, then write it all down, structure it and lay it out in point form. To our surprise we didn't know Sheena that well then Sheena arrived with a folder, containing pages of points, already itemised, with tables,diagrams,main ideas highlighted and summarised. We were surprised on two counts: such a systematic, professional approach had never been Sinn Fein's forte, and secondly Sheena looked so young, so unassuming, the 'wee girl' from the Ardowen estate in Craigavon. We quickly realised we were in the presence of a formidable activist. Sheena went back to study in 1988, in Lurgan Tech' where she took aGCSE in Sociology. She then moved to Newry Tech', which now forms part of the University of Ulster campuses, to do a two year foundation course. She was the first student from Newry to be accepted into the Law Faculty at Queens, well-known for the high standards it demands of entrants. She had been told by the Careers Guidance people at Queens that she hadn'tahope. The students in her tutorial group had three and four A's in their 'A' Levels. Yet they looked up to her to lead the way in discussions. Sheena did well in her exams, but spent nearly as much time helping other students as with her own work, forever lending out notes, giving a hand, encouraging. The teaching staff recognised this and credited her with exam successes other than her own. A brilliant student, with tremendous academic ability, is how they described Sheena. She had not decided yet which aspect of law she would like to specialise in, but she enjoyed EEC and constitutional law. Yet she had no intention of making a money- spinning career out of it. Alone in her tutorial group she believed that law was meant to benefit humanity, not a lawyer's bank account. Brendan Curran was shot by loyalists in October 1989. Sheena drove to the hospital where she waited all night outside the operating theatre, the first to speak to Brendan when he came to. From diere she drove on to the Sinn F6in Advice Centre which she opened, just like every morning, at 9am. She would not let them think that they had broken the back of die organisation. Sheena Campbell Brendan puts his quick recovery down to her. She got him back on his feet in weeks, nursed him, drove him to meetings. When her studies started to take more of her time, Brendan becamethehouse-husband, looking after CaoUn when she went to lectures, cooking while she worked on assignments, or relaxed playing the piano, or read, or played Scrabble with friends. The games of Scrabble would last for hours, as she pondered over triple words. Jim McAllister and Francie Moiloy allege she cheated. Of course, they would they lost every game. Go on Francie, challenge that word. Sure you have nothing to lose Sheena's words still ring out in Francie's ears as he remembers that game, which he resoundingly lost. Many of Sheena's close comrades became her personal friends. Visibly shattered last Sunday, several recalled how Sheena had helped them through a bad patch, how you could always talk to her about anything, political or personal, how she would read between tlie tines and in a few words put a problem in perspective, managing to tell them if she thought diey were wrong without causing offence, a rare friend indeed. The tears rolling down many people's cheeks at her graveside last Sunday told dieir own story. Sheena packed so much in her 29 years tiiat it is as difficult to understand why she never saw her own value and importance, as it is easy to see why she became a target. Bom a woman, a nordiem nationalist, growing into a republican, she moved out oi the ghetto oi second-class citizenship, a croppie who would not lie down. A mother, a lover, a friend, a comrade, she will be mourned and missed for many years to come, yet she will live on, in die solid foundations that she built for Sinn Fein activists, in the memories oi the many that worked with her, and most of all in the hearts oi her family and friends. All we, who are proud to have been her comrades, can doy is make sure that the hope she earned, we carry in our hearts, and that the work she started is built upon. Family and Friends Join Together in Silent Vigil The parents and sister of Sheena Campbell, the Sinn Fein member murdered by the loyalist Ulster Volunteer Force in a Belfast hotel last week, joined her friends in a silent vigil. Ms. Campbell was shot minutes after leaving Queen's University library to join friends in the York Hotel on Botanic Avenue. Two other people were wounded, but not seriously injured, when the loyalist gunman fired at the 29-year- old mother of one, who was a law student at the university. Jean Fegan's eyes filled with tears as she spoke of her daughter. She knew her life was in danger but it did not keep her from her work. She was aware of the danger but she was dedicated. We are very, very proud of our daughter. It is so sad that the people who killed her did not have a chance to talk to her. She would have listened to their points of view and argued her own point, said Mrs. Fegan. Craigavon councillor Brendan Curran, the murdered woman's boyfriend, was among 25 Sinn Fein members and councillors from around the north who attended die vigil outside the hotel. Mr. Curran said the aim of the vigil was to protest at the killing of partner Brendan Curran looks on as Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness drape her coffin with the national nag Sheena Campbell and other members of the party. This vigil is an opportunity for Sinn Fein to highlight the role of those who constanUy seek to marginalize and demonize our party and by their actions and their words, create an atmosphere in which members of Sinn Fein, our families and supporters, can be targeted for assassination, he said. No other party in Ireland or Britain has suffered more tiian Sinn Fein in the last 20 years. Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams earlier said, Elements in the media, die churches, and some political parties which demonize Sinn Fein cannot escape responsibility for die murder of Sheena Campbell.*' The Sinn Fein President, in an angry statement, spoke about ktiie consequences of the British efforts to demonize republicans. He also said it remained his conviction that the republican struggle had the capacity to wear down and to defeat the British government. None of the measures introduced by tlie British government, and mis includes the censorship laws, have defeated the republican struggle. Rather, they have served only to perpetuate the conflict with dire consequences for all sections of our people and to add to the burden of oppression weighted down upon nationalists and republicans. Patrick Mayhew*s attempts to put on a brave face does nothing to change this. He himself concedes that Sinn Fein support remains significant and solid and all his predecessors have admitted that the IRA cannot be defeated. It is only a matter of time until Mayhew or Mates is forced to give further expression to this reality. They know they cannot win. Therefore, rather than condemn us all to further suffering, the London and Dublin governments should seek a new agreement to end partition and to enlist international assistance to break the deadlock. This should be die aim also of all parties claiming to represent nationalist opinion. In a tribute to Sheena Campbell who was murdered at the weekend by die UVF, Mr. Adams described her as a compassionate Irishwoman, a motiier, a student and committed Irish republican who sought a peaceful Ireland which would reflect the aspirations of all our people and fulfill their needs. Tin Voice of Iris* The Voice of Irish Re pi hijcanism in America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..94007c0f2 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Senior UUP member in electoral corruption probe. Page 7 Sinn Fein opposes GM in Ireland Page 14 *****************************AUT0**3-DIGIT 070 l , , l lm,ll..ll...ll.mll..llmlilillmll..l PEOPLE Ism in America S.95 By Gerry Coleman, Political Education Director Irish Northern Aid Committee There are many perplexing questions that Irish America needs answers to with regards the arrest on 17 July and the deportation the next day of John McNicholl of Philadelphia. Exactly what was the bureaucratic or political decision process in operation at INS and within the Bush administration that lead to John McNicholl's arrest: a dedicated, loving family man with a wife and three children who are American citizens; a twenty year resident of Philadelphia and a taxpaying, union pipe fitter; a solid, law-abiding citizen and active in the Irish American community - John was a past president of Philadelphia's Derry Society. Was the decision fair? Was it implemented in a judicious manner? Was the physical arrest and speed with which the deportation took place cruel and unusual? Are Irish people from the north who participated in the conflict on the republican side being targeted for deportation despite the GFA? Exactly who or what office made this decision? The final question is a broader one. Is America a safer place today as a result of having John McNicholl ripped from his home and deported; and his wife and his three children forced to leave this county? We can speculate about the answers to the first group of questions. My belief is that, from the surface of the facts that we have, the nature of the decision to deport Mr. McNicholl was unfair and prejudiced; and the nature of the physical event of his deportation was cruel and unusual. But I know for sure, and so do all those that know the McNicholl family or families like the McNicholls, that America is a weaker, sadder country without them. I also fear for all of our freedoms and for the course of justice if this is indicative of a new America. These are the facts: 1 John McNicholl was arrested by the Immigration and Naturalization Service at 5:30 a.m., July 17, as he left his Philadelphia home for work. Sean, his 18- year-old son who witnessed the event, said his father was kidnapped by strange men ...and bundled into an unmarked car. The young man ran after the car in vain. The younger children suffer nightmares of being kidnapped and taken away. Mr. McNicholl was deported in shackles the next day after being allowed 30 minutes with his wife Frankie. 2 John McNicholl was charged with killing an RUC man, but escaped from Long Kesh while awaiting trial by a jury- less, special military-style court. He and Frankie came to the US in 1984 and immediately went to work making a life and raising a family. 3 Mr. McNicholl was charged by immigration officials of entering this country illegally and lying concerning his arrest on his visa application. A Bureau of Immigration and Customs enforcement officer said that Mr. McNicholl went through the whole process and was denied his last appeal. The Board of Appeals issued a deportation order on 10 July and it was enforced on 17 July, the day the stunned family lawyer, James Orlow, had filled an appeal on the first decision. 4 The US Department of Homeland Security Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement stated on 21 July that Mr. McNicholl was a suspected member of the INLA, a terrorist organization in Ireland. If this is the cause for the deportation, it is a curious one. The INLA has not been on the US State Department's Terrorist Organization list since they went on ceasefire in 1998 after the GFA was 111 signed. Who or what made the decision to take action against groups not on the State Department list? Why? 6 The Irish platform that President Bush ran under states, In the spirit of that healing document the GFA we call for a review of issues of deportation and extradition arising prior to the accord. The offenses that Mr. McNicholl was accused, but never convicted of, took place almost thirty years ago in the 1970s. What is going on here? Have your senators and members of congress find out exactly what the administration, the INS, the Department of Homeland Security is up to. They and we need to have answers and then we need justice, not only for the McNicholls, but also for those that will surely follow. Concern for new US/UK Extradition Treaty We are also distressed by the implications of the proposed, new US/UK Supplemental Extradition Treaty. This treaty must not be pushed or bullied through without thorough debate. Ask your Senators to put a hold on this treaty until it can be fully assessed. All senators can be accessed through the congressional switchboard 202-225- 3121. The three Irishmen on trial in Colombia made a surprise appearance in court for the first time in their trial on Wednesday as the lengthy proceedings draw to a close. They vehemently protested their innocence of training FARC guerillas, reasserting their position that they had been in Colombia, like many other international visitors, to observe the peace process. The men singled out the British and US embassies in Bogota for special criticism, accusing them of spreading misinformation about them from the outset. The previous day, the head of Colombia's armed forces, in what the men's supporters believe is part of an ongoing campaign by Colombia's political and mili- We're innocent Colombia accused testify in court tary establishment to put pressure on the trial judge, publicly called for their conviction. N i a 1 1 Connolly, Martin McCauley and Jim Monaghan have been charged with the use of false public documentation and training the FARC. They have been in custody for nearly two years. 5** The trial began on 4 October last and since it began it has stopped and started seven times. Following the summing up by the prosecution on Monday, each of the men made statements to the court on Wednesday. The defense will begin its summation on Thursday. Caitriona Ruane of the Bring Them Home Campaign said: Niall Connolly, Martin McCauley and Jim Monaghan have taken the opportunity to give their version of events and come to the court. We are calling on the Colombian government to rein in their military now and to stop their attempts to intimidate the judge. There is no evidence in this case, the military know it, the prosecutor knows it, the Colombian government knows it and the world knows it. The Colombian authorities should send these men home to their families. The Irish government should be calling for the release of the men. This is a farcical show trial. Full coverage inside, Pages 8/9 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b03b67983 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Paee 10 The Irish People August 9 -August 15, 2003 Protecting human rights or the state? In the first of a two-part series on the embattled Six-County Human Rights Commission, UNA GILLESPIE explains why nationalists are unimpressed by the Commission's performance to date and outlines the changes necessary to secure the implementation of a satisfactory human rights agenda. What confidence can nationalists have left in the Human Rights Commission given the revelations of the last few months? This month, wc have seen the resignation of a fourth Commissioner, Patrick Yu, and the publication of a damning report by the British Joint Parliamentary Committee on Human Rights and the revelation of the breaches of the Commission's independence by the then RUC and the role of the Chief Commissioner in that debacle. These events came after the previous resignations in September 2002 of two respected Commissioners, Inez McConnack and Professor Christine Bell, and the resignation the previous year of Angela I legarty. They also came following controversy over the attitude of Chief Commissioner Bricc Dickson towards the parents and children of the Holy Cross primary school. Professor Dickson visited the Ardoyne road on a morning when the abusive protest was ncaring its suspension, met with the protestors from Glenbryn, defended their right to protest and ignored the besieged children and their parents. His attitude then lias illuminated his behavior regarding the Holy Cross protest since. The latest revelations come after the NIO rejected the majority of the 25 recommendations from the February 2001 Review of the Commission's powers. The major issue that review and a subsequent independent review undertaken by Peter Hosking from the United Nations emphasized was that the Commission was restricted by the lack of power a to compel witnesses and documents b to take cases in it own name and c to have unimpeded access to certain institutions. A long list of issues and events has added urgency to the need to review the entire role and remit if the Commission and to ensure speedy interventions to rebuild damaged confidence and ensure the vigorous defense and protection of human rights of all people. Nationalists viewed the Human Rights Commission established under section 68 of the Nl Act 1998 as a fundamental element of the Good Friday Agreement. The report from the British government's Joint Committee on Human Rights, however, has brought into focus and into the public arena the fissures that have been appearing in the Inez McCormack Human Rights Commission for a long time. The report examined the work of the Commission under a number of headings: - Independence and impartiality - The appointments process - Funding and resources - Powers and functions - Effectiveness. The report by and large reflects the concerns of a number of organizations that gave evidence to the committee during its deliberations. Must damning was probably the evidence given by Christine Bell and Inez Me Cormack. The list of issues that they outlined is as follows: - The government's lack of commitment to ensuring that the Commission lives up to the vision set out in the Agreement of a Commission: It has been our experience that paper commitments to human rights which are not implemented, also stand to undermine both the Agreement and human rights protection generally. - The failure of the Commission to establish a clear focus and strategic direction. - The Commission was routinely ignored by government departments and other public bodies. - The lack of powers for the Commission for many of its core functions and a lack of investigative powers. - The entire process of the consultation on and formulation of a draft Bill of Rights for the North as outlined in the Good Friday Agreement. The Commission from the outset was deeply divided over the approach to be taken to a Bill of Rights and there was a lack of coordination over this project internally. - The fact that core funding is provided by the NIO and additional finance has to be continued on page 12 O'Dwyer Bernstein, LLP Brian O'Dwyer Gary Silvennan Christopher Downcs Victor Greco Cody McCone Thomas J. Hughes, Jr. Gary P. Rothman Janine I lobert Steven C. Kassarda Attorneys-at-Law Concentrating in: Construction Accidents Scaffolding Accidents Automobile Accidents Personal Injury Medical Malpratice Wills and Estates No Charge for Consultations Serving the Irish American Community for over 75 years 52 Duane Street - New York - NY, 10007 Tel: (212) 571-7100 Fax: (212) 571-7124 Nassau Office by Appointment Only Tel: (212) 248-4224 Frank Durkan Anne M. Paxton Steve A. Aripotch J.P. Delaney David H. Schultz Michael Carroll Kathleen M. Kilduff Jana Sperry Tom Ryan US government to fund PSNI training The US House of Representatives has voted in favor of government funding to train both the PSNI and the Gardai. It is the first time either of the two houses of Congress has voted to allocate such funds and, once passed into law, the measure will authorize the US government aid agency USAID to fund the training of both forces and encourage inter-force co-operation. In the past, Congress had resisted funding the RUC and PSNI due to human rights concerns, but the amendment, which was introduced by New York Congressman Joe Crowley this past week, was not debated and was passed without controversy. The Bill will allow USAID to provide computer- based, human rights and other professional training to the PSNI and the Gardai for the purposes of fostering greater co-operation and communication between the two forces. Sinn Fein spokesperson on policing, Gerry Kelly, expressing his disappointment at the decision, said acceptable policing is still a work in progress. While this is a well meaning attempt to advance the goal of an acceptable policing service, the reality on the ground is that the benchmark has not yet been achieved, because the British government choose to dilute the Patten proposals, says Kelly. In 1999, the US halted the funding of FBI training for RUC officers in the wake of controversy surrounding the killings of lawyers Pat Finucane and Rosemary Nelson. The ban was lifted in 2002 but it was announced that any officers going to train in the US would be vetted to ensure they had no link to the Finucane case. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f57c10ec7 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 11 Movie Review: The Magdalene Sisters By Linda Coleman There's a recurring pattern in human history. First, the strong oppress the weak and do vile things to them behind locked doors, in the name of God, patriotism or a combination of the two. Next, the stories get out somehow, cither because the weak turn out to be stronger than expected and live to tell their own stories, or the stories are found after the fact in journals left behind. Instead of apologizing and admitting wrongdoing, the former oppressors start a major damage control campaign, denying everything and denouncing the stories as outrageous accusations. Finally, a filmmaker comes along, decides to bring the story to the film- going public, and takes heaps of abuse for telling it like it was. Writer/director Peter Mullan first heard the story of the Magdalene Asylums when he was channel surfing and ran across the documentary Sex in a Cold Climate. At the Q A following the press screening in Dallas, Mullan admitted crying like a baby over the story, then becoming angry - especially when it was reported that the Vatican received 8,000 phone calls following the airing of the documentary, reporting similar cases of abuse at the hand of the church; the official report from the Vatican dismissed the complaints, explaining that the documentary had caused a bad case of mass hallucination. Mullan, a self-described political animal. was determined to bring the story of the Magdalenes to a wider audience, and made his own film, which opened in 2002 at the Venice Film Festival to a hostile reception from the Catholic church. Priests attempted to intimidate audience members into staying awa b gt; filming those who went into the theater, hut the controversy had the opposite effect and propelled his small, low-budgel film into Italy's top five slot for eleven weeks The story of the Magdalene Asylums is perhaps the darkest chapter of Free State history, a cautionary tale on the importance of separation of church and state. The church, given free reign to exert control over Irish society, enacted what amounted to internment, imprisoning wayward women in workhouses disguised as kind Catholic charitable institutions helping women cleanse their souls while doing laundry for hotels, restaurants and wealthy parishioners. Peter Mullan's script is based on interviews with Magdalene survivors, and he uses four central characters to tell the story. There's Crispina (Eileen Walsh) who has a baby out of wedlock and watches him grow into boyhood from a distance, peering at him across the yard when her sister brings him to the locked gate while the girls arc hanging out laundry. Rose (Dorothy Duffy) also has a baby out o ' wedlock and is forced by her parents into giving the child up for adoption. Margaret (Anne- Marie Duff) is taken away to the Magdalene asylum by her parents, after being raped by her cousin, and Bernadette (Nora-Jane Noonc) is taken away from her family in the night, a tier being caught flirting with boys thought the fence at her school. All of the actresses give heartbreaking, realistic performances; as a director, Mullan lets Ins actors o ' ' the leash to connect with the material and create their own unique performances with very little input on his part. They all excel in their roles and will make you weep for them, as you would for your own sister, daughter, or mother. Geraldine MeF.wan gives a steely-eyed Shakespearean performance as Sister Bridget, the nun in charge of the laundry; she resists what surely must have been a temptation to imbue her role with a Cruella de Vil characterization, and goes for a realistic, chilling, understated cruelty. The film has its share of dark Irish humor, and a satisfying ending with the survivors coming out stronger than ever. Parts of the film may be difficult for some viewers, though, especially a scene that contains full frontal nudity. But at the Q A in Dallas, Mullan said that the one thing he heard over and over from Magdalene survivors is that the nuns made the girls stand naked in front of them and made demeaning comments about their bodies. In Scotland, Mullan was asked by audience members if he could have filmed it differently, with only a head and shoulder shot of the girls; Mullan was adamant, saying, To not show it clinically would be titiilation...for the political animal in me, the girls had to get the recogni- lion they deserve and an apology from the church who let them down. There's another recurring theme in human history, the strong forcing the weak to suffer the degradation of nakedness. The British forced the heroes of 1916 to stand naked in the freezing cold, allowed the H-block POWs to go naked rather than give them their own clothes to wear, and they used forced strip searches to degrade and intimidate republican female prisoners in Armagh jail; the Nazis dehumanized the Jews in the same way before murdering them in the gas chambers of Auschwitz. To be coy with the camera would do an injustice to those who suffered, so filmmakers and actors, like Peter Mullan and his brave company of players, commit themselves to showing the cruelty full out, hoping that their effort will shock humanity into being kind to one another. Reviewed at advanced screening in Dallas, .Inly 9, with Peter Mullan in attendance. Nial Connelly continued from page 9 undermine the Colombian peace process. The so-called forensic evidence has been proven to be false. Our arrests and the mass of information and false stories that have followed have also been used to damage and undermine the Irish peace process. The Irish peace process is at an advanced stage. Yet more work needs to be done. My friends have spoken about the process of political recognition and status, the process of negotiations between the governments of Ireland, Britain and America and Irish republicans. Since our arrest the Fiscal prosecutor , instead of fulfilling his duty and responsibilities to guarantee that justice is done, has arrogantly thrown the presumption of innocence into the dustbin, along with the independence of his institution. The Fiscal has failed to guarantee that procedures are respected and that the evidence is analyzed in a just and impartial way. Confidential details about our case have been given to the media to upset and damage our opportunity to get a fair trial. Fabricated foren- sics was allowed, while DAS tests that showed that there were no traces of explosives or drugs were kept out. We have been placed in jails in Colombia under the recommendation of the Fiscal while our lives have been in danger, and in the opinion of one judge, who ordered our transfer, we have been subject to degrading and inhumane treatment. Obstacles have been placed in our way and that of our lawyers when wc were trying to prepare our defense. Our lawyers' lives are in danger because of the statements made in the media, many of them by prominent politicians. Our lawyers from Colombia and Ireland will show that without a shadow of a doubt thai wc arc not guilty as charged. They will also show that this case should never have been brought to this court. I am not guilty of the charges laid against me. I come here today to remind the Fiscal of my rights, my international rights of the Presumption of Innocence. The determination of our families and the Bring Them Home Campaign led by Caitriona Ruane, ihe presence of international observers from Australia, the United Slates, Ireland and the presence of the Irish government observers at this trial, the messages from all around the world of support and the active support of thousands of people in Ireland has given us much moral support and 1 thank you from the bottom of my heart. Kelly murder case reopened Family reject new probe and demand independent review BY AINE Ne BHRIAIN The family of an independent nationalist councilor, Patrick Kelly, who was assassinated 29 years ago, has said they will not cooperate with a new PSNI inquiry and are demanding an independent judicial review into the killing. Patrick Kelly, a 33-year-old father of three, disappeared on 24 July 1974, after locking up the Corner Bar in the village of Trillick, Co Tyrone. Later that same night, bloodstains, shirt buttons, and cartridge cases were found on the roadside a mile from the town. Kelly's body was not found until three weeks later, after a fisherman spotted something on the surface of Lough Eyes in County Fermanagh, nearly ten miles away. Kelly had been shot several times and there were two 561b agricultural weights tied to his body. The UDA later claimed responsibility for the killing. To date, no one has been arrested, questioned or charged with the death of the independent councilor, but nationalists have long asserted that UDR checkpoints were operating in the area on the night Kelly disappeared. Then, in 1999, a former UDR man reportedly broke down in public and confessed to witnessing the murder. The man is said to have wept openly in a bar before naming six of his fellow UDR members as participants in the killing. This past Tuesday, 29 July, the PSNI suddenly announced they would reopen the investigation, but they have neglected to reveal why. One of those expected to be questioned is former DUP Assembly member Oliver Gibson, who is also a former UDR soldier. Gibson says he has nothing to hide and insisted that any suggestions that he knew something about the killing were groundless. I have nothing to hide and nothing to fear, he said. As far as I am concerned there is no story to do with me in all this. I do not believe I am a suspect of any kind. The best thing at the moment is for me to say nothing and let the PSNI get on with it. In the meantime, Kelly's brother, Omagh Sinn Fein councilor Peter Kelly, says that the PSNI decision to reopen the case came totally out of the blue and that his family has no faith in its outcome. Wc are not happy to cooperate with continued on page 15 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bd018f47d --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Paee 12 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 Taoiseach's Dail mandate is to demand autumn election Cavan patriot remembered in Killnaleck Speaking in Killnaleck. Co Cavan, at the unveiling of a monument to IRA Captain Edward Boylan, who was killed in the Civil War, Sinn Fein TD Caoimhghin O'Caolain said the Taoiseach's clear mandate from the Dail was to demand of Tony Blair that the postponed Assembly elections be held in the autumn. The Cavan/Monaghan TD said people did not vote for Direct Rule when they voted for the Agreement and he called on the Taoiseach to convene a special summit with the British Prime Minister. Captain Edward Boylan died, aged 21, on 25 July 1922 after being fatally wounded in the course of an escape attempt from Cavan Military Barracks. Members of the Boylan family participated in Sunday's well-attended commemoration. Recalling the era in which he died, i Caolain said: The tragedy of the Civil War in which Edward Boylan died was brought about primarily because the British government was determined to impose its will and retain its grip on Ireland. It saw dial it could do so, in the words of Winston Churchill with an economy of British lives by partitioning Ireland. We owe to republicans like Edward Boylan the degree of freedom we have today. They drove the British forces from 26 Counties. They were denounced in their day by clerics and 'constitutional' politicians as 'gunmen and terrorists'. Many still refuse to recognize the reality that Irish independence had to be fought for, not because we are a warlike people, but because repeated efforts by peaceful means were thwarted by British political intransigence and coercion. This week marks another significant anniversary' - the 200th anniversary of Robert Emmet's Rising in Dublin. Emmet asked thai his epitaph not be written until Ireland takes her place among the nations of the earth. It is too early yet to write that epitaph. Republicans are determined lo see Emmet's epitaph written in our time, to see a 32-County republic taking ils proud place among the nations. The current impasse in the peace process is totally unacceptable to republicans. It is totally unacceptable also to the vast majority of people on this island. When the people voted for the Good Captain Ibuxmb Philip Boylon I.R.A. 1901 - 22 Friday Agreement they did not vote for Direct Rule from Westminster. Yet that is what we have now - Direct Rule and political drill with the institutions so painstakingly constructed now in suspension at the behest of anti- Agreement unionism. A British government that falser) boasts that it is a champion of freedom on the international stage has twice cancelled democratic elections in Ireland and four times suspended the institutions established under the Good 1 riday Agreement. In May, the entire Dail called for the postponed elections to be rescheduled for this autumn. The autumn is rapidly approaching yet there is no sign that the British government is preparing lo hold elections. I call on the taoiseach Bertie Ahern to arrange a special summit meeting with British Prime Minister Tony Blair to discuss not whether, but when this autumn the elections will be held. The Taoiseach's mandate from the continued on page 13 Human Rights continued from page 10 applied for to the NIO: It in effect gives the government direct control over what projects should be carried forward and the shape in which they are carried forward. An example of the latter point was submitted as evidence. A letter in May 2002 was sent from an employee in the NIO to the Commission regarding applications for funding for investigations. It read: Ministers are content, in principle, to provide the funding for the investigations into the inquest system and controversial deaths. However, they have a genuine concern that this work must not prejudice future legal proceedings or cut across work being done by others, including the international judge... Release of the 30,000 associated with these investigations is therefore conditional upon your supplying further particulars and agreeing with us in advance the terms of reference for these reviews so that we can satisfy Ministers that no such problems could arise. Bill of Rights undermined Other organizations had listed the problems with the Bill of Rights process. Sinn Fein, in its submission, stated that the Commission's consultation document actually diluted specific guarantees of the Good Friday Agreement in relation to equality and parity of esteem. The Human Rights Commission also promoted a more minimal approach to the interpretation of the Framework Convention for the protection of national minorities. In his submission, Professor Chris McCrudden, Chair of Human Rights at Lincoln College, Oxford, outlined the core problems with the Bill of Rights process, summing up: There is now, however, a significant degree of consensus, that the NIHRC's document is not the way forward. This is not surprising. The document is the product of a radically divided NIHRC... Documents of the kind that the Commission was mandated to produce need to be visionary, technically authoritative, politically astute and comprehensive. The Commission's document is unfortunately none of these. In large measure, the chorus of criticism to which the document has been subjected is justified. It is sloppy, rushed, internally inconsistent, technically unconvincing and lacking any coherent vision. He also outlined some of the other core problems with the Bill of Rights, namely: - Failure to consider the relationship between the Bill of Rights proposal and existing equality legislation - No clarity about the potential legal status of such a Bill - The issue of the protection of Minorities: The NIHRC document, over the dissent of some members, apparently, has interpreted the Convention protection of 'minorities' as encompassing protection of communities of identity more generally and views this protection as therefore equally applicable to majority identity communities. - No attempt to define what the conflict in the North had been about: The Commission has not attempted to define the particular circumstances of Northern Ireland . - The consultation documents does not adequately address the relationship between equality, identity and socio-economic rights. In order to address the problems around the Bill of Rights, Professor Mc Crudden makes a recommendation that was later reflected in the recommendations from the Joint Committee: A fresh start is necessary. It seems unlikely that the Commission will be able to achieve what is necessary. The Commission should recognize that fact... an alternative process for progressing the project must be devised... the bare bones of such a process are clear: the establishment of a forum outside the Commission, with participation from the Northern Ireland political parties and civil society, under an independent chair, advised by an expert secretariat. The results of any consensus that emerged over time would then be presented by the NIHRC to the Secretary of State as its advice as envisaged by the Belfast Agreement. Independence and representativeness A major issue for the Joint Committee and a number of organizations that gave evidence was the representativeness of the Commission and its independence. Sinn Fein, in its submission, said: The HRC is unrepresentative in composition of wider society and is therefore unbalanced in terms of community background, gender and religious balance. Presently the composition is skewed towards a majority of those from a unionist background, a matter further compounded by the recent appointment of a unionist politician.' The issue of representation and appointment of Commissioners has highlighted the lack of independence of the NIO appointments procedure and compounded by the fact that a criterion for appointment does not include the necessity to have any human rights knowledge or experience. An example of the lack of representativeness occurred with the resignation of Angela Hegarty from the Commission. After a long delay, one Catholic female commissioner was replaced by one Protestant female, one unionist politician, one male Catholic and Patrick YU from the Northern Ireland Committee for Ethnic Minorities, who later resigned his post. For nationalists, the appointment of the UUP's Chris Mc Gimpsey was a clear signal that any vestige of independence of the Commission had been wiped away. Later evidence has come to light to prove that that has been the case. It is too early to know how the Human Rights Commission will respond to the recommendations from the Joint Committee, but one thing is certain. Unless drastic action is taken to remedy the situation to ensure that the Commission fulfils the letter and spirit of the Good Friday Agreement then we will have to stand by and watch another pillar of the Agreement collapse in on itself because of political interference, lack of championship of human rights and the failure to honestly address the issues of the conflict and inequalities and human rights abuses. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..63555725d --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +August 9-August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 13 r lt; , / Saturday, August 9th Toms River, NJ - The Annual AOH festival at Huddy Park on the Toms River will be held from 10am to 5pm. Jersey Shore Irish Northern Aid will have a booth at the festival selling merchandise and providing information. If you're in the area stop by and visit us. Saturday, August 16th Brick, NJ - The 11th Annual Picnic at the Shore will be held at the VFW on Adamston Rd. from Noon to 5:00pm. Entertainment will be provided by Willie Lynch and his band. Food, beer, soda and lots of fun for one reasonable donation of 20 per person (senior citizens 15 and kids under 12 FREE). Merchandise will be available. For information on tickets or directions call Mary Lou at 732-295-5471. Taoiseach's mandate continued from page 12 Dail is to accept no less from Tony Blair. The political process is being held hostage by the now dominant anti-Agreement faction in the Ulster Unionist Party. On Friday last, David McNarry, a leading aide lo David Trimble, accused Jeffrey Donaldson of 'trying to cynically side-step democratic decisions'. This is rich indeed coming from a UUP leadership that has thwarted the implementation of the Agreement at every turn. The current impasse makes it more important than ever for the Taoiseach to provide for representation in the Dfiil for citizens in the Six Counties. This will be Sinn Fein's most immediate demand as soon as the Dail resumes. Sinn Fein will continue efforts at every level to break the impasse. But we cannot wait forever and if the unionists continue to make the Agreement unworkable then the Irish government must sit down and work out with the other nationalist parties how we proceed and what demands wc make of the British government. It was nationalist Ireland that brought about the peace process. If necessary nationalist Ireland must also move it into a new phase. * A booklet on Captain Edward Boylan has been published by Cavan Sinn Fein. It can be obtained from the Cavan Sinn Fein Office, 39 College Street, Cavan. Phone 049 4373510. Books wanted Do you have any good books you wouldn't mind parting with? If so, the republican prisoners in Castlerea would be most happy to take them oft your hands. Please contact Sean Kind, Castlerea Prison, Castlerea, Co. Roscommon, Ireland. Celtic Crossings Radio Show KCTE 1510 AM - Kansas City On the web at www.1510.com Produced by the Padraic Pearse Division AOH Irish music, news and views Tune in every Sunday 1 lam to Noon (central time) Live streaming on the internet Phone - in line: 913-491-TALK (8255) Join co-hosts Jerry Hayes and Jacob Cox, Irish Northern Aid members for the best in Irish music, current news and the interviews from Ireland WRITE TO THE PRISONERS CAMPAIGN Please remember the following political prisoners with a card or letter. Thank you. Slan. God Bless, Mike Duffy IPOW writing campaign IRISH POLITICAL PRISONERS Name Conor Claxton Nial Connolly Ken Fitzgerald Kieran Kiely Sean Kind Martin McAuley Pearse McCauley James Monaghan Walter Nagle Michael Nugent John O'Hagan Michael O'Neill John Quinn Gerry Sheehy Kevin Walsh Birthday Sept. 4 July 7 Feb. 25 Dec. 20 Nov. 12 Dec. 1 Nov. 9 Aug. 8 Aug. 23 Dec. 2 Dec. 2 Dec. 10 Nov. 8 June 15 April 6 Prison Allenwood, PA PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea Castlerea Maghaberry Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea ADDRESSES Maghaberry Prison H.M. Prison Magheberry Old Mill Road Ballinderry, Co. Antrim BT28 2PT North Ireland Castlerea Prison Castlerea Prison Castlerea Co. Rosscommon Ireland Allenwood Prison Conor Claxton 55002-004 FCI Allenwood PO Box 1000 White Deer, PA 17887 Magilligan Prison Martin Corden H.M.Prison Magilligan Magiiligan Point, Limavady Co. Derry BT49 OLR North Ireland PISA 1, Colombia Carcel National de Colombia Alta Seguridad La Modelo Bogota, Colombia Please be aware that in most cases the prisoners are very restricted as to what they can and can not receive. If you intend on sending some type of parcel it would be advisable to check with someone who knows the restrictions. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae1d319bf --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Page 14 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 Sinn Fein opposes GM in Ireland Calls for nationwide consultation Free v?s v BY ROISIN DE ROSA Sinn Fein delivered a serious challenge to both governments on Tuesday, in calling on both to have regard to Irish interests and keep the island free of Genetically Modified (GM) seeds and foods. Agriculture spokesperson Gerry McHugh delivered a sharp call on behalf of all Irish fanners to Agriculture Minister Joe Walsh to institute a nationwide consultation on the important issue of GM that, he said, could irreversibly damage Irish farming interests. He was speaking at a press conference in Dublin chaired by the city's EU election candidate Marylou McDonald. Sinn Fein believes that the island of Ireland, which exports four fifths of our agricultural produce, cannot afford to allow GM seeds and foodstuffs into the country, he said. Organic fanning, which is a niche market upon which the very survival of Irish agriculture may well depend, will be wiped out and our image of 'green clean' food obliterated. We urgently need nation wide all Ireland consultation. This island cannot allow one part to opt for GM crops or food while the other part stays free. Cross contamination of hybrid plants and crops will contaminate the whole island, Gerry McHugh pointed out. Recently, Martin Ferris and myself went to Brussels and talked to the EU people about this and other agricultural issues, where Ministers in London and Dublin are not protecting all Irish interests. In the next few weeks, we will be meeting again with the ministers here, with North/South bodies, to impress on them the need to institute real consultation with fanners' organizations, with NGOs and with consumers across our island who maybe do not want to cat foods of which the effects on health arc most uncertain. People have a right to be consulted about what they eat , said Marylou. She pointed out that the EU Council of Ministers had only last week formally approved guidelines prohibiting national and regional governments from banning the use of GM organisms. What position arc our EU MEPs taking on this issue? What is the Dublin government doing? Nothing. Minister Walsh told Martin Ferris in the Dail on 17 June that he has no plans to institute a fonnal public consultation process. Yet, she went on, there is still scope for member states to prevent the cultivation of GM crops in some zones. Are we going to allow Minister Walsh to let this issue go by default? We should not allow Ireland to be pushed down the road to GM by the EU, still less by ministers' slevccn attitudes to multi-million dollar corporations that seek to corner the world's food production. Marylou scotched claims that GM foods will boost production and alleviate food shortages in the world. Quite the contrary is the case, she said. Yields on GM crops are lower by some 15 than with normal varieties, and far more costly to the farmer to grow. Per capita food production has outstripped population growth over the last 30 years by 15 . People starve today because they cannot afford food, not because it is in scarce supply. Monsanto's terminator seeds, where farmers arc obliged to purchase a chemical spray to turn on the reproductive capacity of the seed, or Round-up Ready Soya, which makes the plants resistant to all other weed killers and so obligates farmers to buy Monsanto's 'Round-up weed killer,' these GM seeds ensure that farmers have to buy Monsanto's chemical products. Do our farmers want to be in hock to Monsanto's empire? At least they could be asked first. We must expose the myth that GM increases agricultural productivity. The real motivation behind the drive to force GM on the globe is to tighten the control of multinationals on the entire food chain from seed to sale. Several NGOs, including Oxfam, the Countryside Alliance and Trocaire, all represented at the conference, raised wider issues of Fair Trade and the need to push the EU and member states to support fair trade. Marylou herself pointed out that GM food issues was just one part of the wider agenda of the 'richer' countries to allow corporations to patent life forms, under the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and she appealed to NGOs to join together in a call for immediate public consultation. I do not believe, Gerry said, that the people of this island support cither GM foods or would like to realize they arc directly responsible for the impoverishment and suffering in developing world countries because our ministers and the EU will not support fair trade amongst nations. Wc need these issues to be discussed across all of Ireland, before the Cancun World Trade Organisation negotiations take place in September, and ministers need to listen to what is said. Maskey honored in Ardara The Sinn Fein Cumann in Ardara, County Donegal, last weekend held a successful function to honour Alex Maskey the first republican Lord Mayor of Belfast. Maskey, who was first elected to Belfast City Council over 20 years ago, spoke of his involvement in republican struggle over the years before presenting local Sinn Fein representative Pearse Doherty and chairperson of the local cumann. Padraig Mac Suibhne, with a commemorative plaque, one of only 25 in existence issued to mark his tenure in office. Pictured (L to R) Pearse Doherty, Alex Maskey, Padraig Mac Suibhne 1803 Rising remembered in Clonakilty Cumann Seanchais Chloich na Coillte (Clonakilty Historical Society) organized a commemoration last Wednesday evening to remember the bicentenary Robert Emmet's ill-fated rising in Thomas Street, Dublin, on 23 July 1803. While there was no action locally at that time, four men with known associations with the United Irishmen movement were arrested that morning in Clonakilty. At 8pm, approximately 30 people, including a contingent of Croppies from Shannonvale, gathered at the Convent of Mercy, where stood Scartagh Cottage where the arrests took place. Traolach i Donnabhain of An Cumann Seanchais extended a Cead Mile I-'ailtc to everyone and St. Eileen McSwecncy of the convent read out a short history of the cottage and the grotto, which now stands on the site. Tim Crowley outlined that Dr William Callanan, who resided at the cottage, was arrested with an Ulster Presbyterian and known agitator for Catholic Emancipation, William Todd Jones, Fr David Walsh, the then Parish Priest of Barryroe (and later of Clonakilty), and a John Gould from Ardfield. Sinn Fein Councilor Cionnaith i Soilleabhain is pictured reading sections from Emmet's 1803 Proclamation of the Republic. The proclamation called for an independent Ireland, religious tolerance and distribution of the wealth of the nation. It also advocated civil and human rights for all. including prisoners of war and the abolition of the tithes. Colombia Three support Mary Madden, proprietor of the Bridge Bar Bundoran, is pictured handing over a check to Madeleine Connolly, mother of Niall Connolly, at a recent function held for the Bring Them Home Campaign. Also pictured are Sinn Fein Councilor Michael McMahon and his daughter in law, Mary Connolly. The committee expressed their thanks to everybody who donated to the campaign and to all who turned up on the night. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb53605f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +August 9 -August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 15 Irish Lesson 34 PRONUNCIATION REVIEW The group ch in Irish may still be difficult for you to pronounce. If it is next to a broad vowel, a, o, u , it receives the aspirated sound of broad c . This sound is like that in the German word ach . Pronounce it by lowering the raised back of the tongue somewhat while you pronounce a broad c , which is like the (k) in coat or lock . Try the English word lock and then aspirate the (k) sound. This is similar to the Irish word lach (law*k*). Then say: loch (lohk*), duch (dook*), croch (krohk*), gach (gahk*), sach (saw*k*). If the broad ch starts a word, it is still pronounced (k*) and not (h) in most cases. Try: cota (KOH-tuh), chota (K*OH- tuh), chail (k*aw*l), chaill (k*eyel), chuaigh (K*00-ig). We use the symbok (k*) for the pronunciation of this sound. If the ch is nest to e, i , again lower the tongue somewhat while you pronounce the slender c , which is like the (k) sound in the English kill . The result will be a sound like y in English you , but with a slight (h) sound before it. Try: chill (hyil), cheannaigh (HYAN-ee), cheim (hyay*m). Inside or at the end of a word, the sound can be much like an (h), as in: fiche (FI- he), crich (kree). The last word is pronounced differently from cri (kree) at its end, but our simplified pronunciation guide does not take this into account. Instead, you must watch for this --ch ending yourself. You may have seen anglicized place names and family names with a gh group in them, such as Lough Erne or O'Loughlin . This gh was mistakenly adopted in the 19th century as the equivalent of the broad ch in Irish. The non- Irish speaker tends to pronounce lough as (loh) or (lawk), although it should be pronounced (lohk*), as if it were spelled properly: loch , lake. Lochlainn means Scandinavia (or Denmark), and a Lochlannach is a Scandinavian. VOCABULARY Masculine Nouns hata (HAHT-uh), hat briste (BREESH-te), trousers ceann (kyoun), head madra (MAH-druh) dog doras (DUH-ruhs) door halla (HAHL-uh), hall Feminine Nouns cuid, an chuid (kwid, un k*wid), part fearthainn, an fhearthainn (FAR-in, un AR-in), rain scachtain, an tseachtain (SHAHKT- in, un TYAHK*T-in), week Verbs bris, ag briseadh (brish, uh BRISH- uh), break cas, ag casadh (kahs, uh KAHS-uh), turn fill, ag filleadh (fil, uh FIL-uh), return stop, ag stopadh (stohp, uh STOHP- uh), stop tosaigh, ag tosu(TUH-see, uh TUH- soo), begin thosaiomar (huh-SEE-uh-muhr), we began DRILL 1. Review the form Ceardeseo? (kay*rd ay* shuh) Is leabhare. An leabhar more? Nihea, ach leabhar beag. Go through this with the following groups: bord, bord gorm (GUH-ruhm), bord dearg (DYAR-ruhg) hata, hata ban, hata dubh halla, halla gcal, halla dorcha doras, doras dunta, doras oscailte briste, briste nua, seanbhriste madra, madra mor, madra beag 2. We will now work with the Lcsson- 20 vocabulary for a drill. Verbal adjectives for bain, ith, cnag, andol are: bainte, ite, cnagtha,61ta Tascag ithc an arain is He is eating the bread . Change this to He ate the bread and to He has eaten the bread . Before you look at the Key below, do the same with: si, ag ithe an bricfeasta me, ag ithe mo loin sinn, ag ithe feola siad, agol bainne tii, agol tae me. agol uisce se, agol chaife siad, agol beorach Sean, ag ithe arain Key: D'ith sean t-aran, taan t-aran ite aige. D'ith sian bricfeasta; ta... aici. D'ith memo Ion; ta... again. D'itheamar feoil; ta... againn. D'61 siad bainne; tabainne olta acu. D'61 tiitae; ta... agat. D'61 meuisce; ta... again. D'61 sea chaife; ta.. aige. D'61 siad beoir; ta... acu. D'ith Sean an t-aran; ta...aige. CONVERSATION Mairin (maw*-REEN): Candeachaigh hiinne? Chonaic mehiag dul sios an bothar go luath. Where did you go yesterday? 1 saw you going down the road early. Pol (pohl): Chuala mego raibheadach saor ag na siopaisa chathair. Isteach liom ar an traein, ach nifhaea merud ar bith arbh fhiudom a cheannach. Niraibh moran daoine aim, ach oiread. I heard that clothes were cheap at the stores in the city. In 1 went on the train, but I didn't sec anything worth buying. There weren't many people there cither. Mairin: Nar chuala mego bhfuil na praghsamia (PREYE-suh-nuh) ag dul sios anois? Didn't I hear that the prices are going down now? Pol: Nior chuala mee, agus nifhaea mcc, ach oiread. Cheannaigh melcine agus briste, agus ansin thainig meabhaile faoi dhcireadh (YER-uh). I didn't hear it, and I didn't see it either. I bought a shirt and trousers, and then I came home finally. Mairin: Nach mor an truae, anois? Isn't it a pity, now? Kelley continued from page 11 this, said Kelly this week, I'm dumbfounded, to be honest. The first I knew about this was when a reporter contacted me. It's a bit of a shock. The PSNI did not even have the courtesy to let anyone know this was happening. I would prefer an independent probe headed by a person from outside the country. As a family we have no faith in the RUC/PSNI to find and charge those responsible. It was not investigated properly when it should have been nearly thirty years ago. The PSNI have brought in a detec tive, Andrew Hunter, from Tyneside in England to conduct the latest investigation, but there are concerns that the detectives working with him could be the same ones originally responsible for the case. Sinn Fein West Tyrone MP Pat Doherty says both Patsy Kelly's family and local people remain convinced that members of the UDR were behind the killing. There have been years of cover- up and obstruction by the RUC, says Doherty, In effect, the RUC assisted Patsy Kelly's killers to escape justice. Many of those officers remain in place and the PSNI are refusing to confirm that these individuals will not be involved in any reinvestigation. There is a real fear that this latest move is nothing more than a further stalling exercise and has indeed been done without consultation with the Kelly family. Peter Kelly agrees with Doherty's assessment. I've always thought there was collusion, he says. There was a great security presence in the area at the time and something like that could not have happened without their knowledge. Meanwhile, the family's solicitor, Pat Fahy, speaking to An Phoblacht, has also expressed his unease over the new investigation. We ask Andrew Hunter to supply the names of the PSNI members who are in the investigating team so that we could check that they were not involved in the original investigation but he refused to do so. Fahy explained that Hunter said in a letter that the PSNI members were worried about their details being given out after the alleged intelligence gathering operation in the RVH in Belfast. All wc want are the names and we said that in a letter sent to Hunter on 16 July. So far, he has not replied, said Fahy. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ea2f7d2d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Page 16 The Irish People August 9 - August 15. 2003 www.sinnfein.ie i web' h fit Hi lt; m H Sii V n nth*He in South Betfe I ( -. f Whip C llr, Sue Ram*: minced that m the nc new party web *he there wc iO0 hhx IdwkJc. Notably, the source of the large.' n . m sarch t fhe BBr 13th Annual Irish Picnic At the Shore SATURDAY, AUGUST 16TH 12:00 - 5:00 pm V.F.W. Post 8867 373 Adamston Road, Brick, NJ (rain or shine - large covered pavilion) Entertainment Willie Lynch and his band Hamburgers, Hotdogs, Salads, Corn on the Cob, Beer, Soda, Coffee/Tea, Watermelon and more Sponsored by Jersey Shore Irish Northern Aid For information, tickets or directions call Mary Lou at 732-295-5471 Tickets SjJto Senior citizens S15 kids under 12 free Leading Civil Rights campaigner dies The funeral of leading civil rights campaigner Oliver Kearney took place from his Dungannon home on Monday 28 July. Kearney, who died following a long illness on Thursday 24 July, was buried after Requiem Mass in St Malachy's Church, Edendork. Kearney fought for many causes during his eventful life, but he will be best remembered as a Iriving force behind the implementation of the fair employment MacBride Principles in the Six Counties. He was sacked from his job at the Licensed Vintners Federation following a television interview where he spoke promoting the MacBride Principles. His dedication was eventually rewarded when he was presented with the Scan MacBride Humanitarian Award. As an activist, Oliver was both fearless and tireless, and his boundless determination saw him rise to become one of the most influential speakers of his generation. In 1991, as General Secretary of the Equality organisation, he took on a new light against the Northern Bank. The Six County-based bank was cited by Equality campaigners over its employ ment practices, which discriminated against Catholics. Kearney was also a spokesperson for the Roisin McAliskcy Justice Group, campaigning to have the pregnant woman released from an English jail. Four years later he graduated from Queen's University with a Master of Social Studies Degree in Irish Studies. Last October, he spoke out against the arrest of his son Ciaran over the Stormont spy ring fiasco. Sinn Fein president Gerry Adams expressed his sympathy to the Kearney family on the death of Oliver describing him as a tireless campaigner against discrimination and inequality. Oliver was a tireless campaigner against discrimination and inequality, and along with his late wife Brigid will be remembered for their efforts across the United States to see the MacBride Principles on fair employment adopted . On behalf of Sinn Fein I would send my condolences to the Kearney family at this sad New faces step in as dual mandate ends BY JOANNE CORCORAN As the new dual mandate law kicks in throughout the 26 Counties, Sinn Fein has been selecting an impressive bunch of new candidates to step into existing council scats. The four Sinn Fein TDs who hold local authority seats are affected by the new legislation. On Sunday, Kerry Sinn Fein selected Toircasa Ni Fhcaraiosa, daughter of Martin Ferris, to replace her father on Kerry County Council. Toircasa studied in UL and received an Honors Degree in Law last month. She said she was very proud to have been selected and even prouder to be a member of a party with the courage and foresight to select a young female candidate. She said that, at 23 years of age, she will be one of only two women on Kerry County Council, which sends a strong political message to the people of Kerry. The fact that you, the members of Sinn Fein, who have been demonized and persecuted so much over the last 30 years, have selected me, a person who joined Sinn Fein at the age of 16 when it was certainly easier and more popular, says a lot about your dedication to the cause of Sinn Fein, said Toireasa. This seat never belonged to my father and it will not belong to me. It belongs to the people and that will never change. She added: Sinn Fein can help reinstall faith amongst my peers in the political system. This government and the governments of the past have failed our young people, with their cozy-cartels and their politics of brown envelopes, corruption, and deception. Following this trend of young candidates, 27-year-old Tomas Sharkey has been selected as replacement for Arthur Morgan on Louth County Council. Addressing the convention, Arthur Arthur Morgan congratulates Tomas Sharkey after his selection by Louth Sinn Fein to replace the TD on Louth County Council Morgan said: I am amazed that four years have passed since I was elected to the Council, it seems more like 19 or 20. At times I felt like I was ploughing a lonely furrow. However I am convinced that after next year's elections my replacement will be part of a strong Sinn Fein team. Tomas, from Kilkerley, is a secondary school teacher of Irish and history and was active in student politics during his time in Queen's University and Maynooth College. He thanked the convention for selecting him, and added: I hope I can be as effective a councilor as Arthur has been. If they thought he was a difficult customer, wait 'til they meet me Louth was busy with conventions last week, selecting four new candidates for the South Louth area for next year's local elections. Mathew Coogan and Imelda Munster were selected to stand for Drogheda Borough Council and for Louth County Council. Dom Wilton was selected to run for Drogheda Borough Council while Tom Cunningham joins the Louth County Council ticket. The Voice of Irish Republicanism in America + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..64c478a34 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Pace 2 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 NEWS BRIEFS These news items were compiled from a variety of sources. British Army flies UVF flag Sinn Fein councilor Pat McGinn has accused the British Army of glorifying loyalist violence after it was discovered that a UVF flag was hoisted on a stanchion supporting a military spy camera at one of the North's largest British Army bases in Bessbrook in South Armagh. According to McGinn, the UVF flag appeared on the British Army base in Besshrook. It is attached to one of the stanchions used to support spy cameras at the base and it must be stressed that this flag is in such a position that the only people who could have erected it were those inside the base . McGinn called on NIO Security Minister Jane Kennedy to publicly explain why this Hag has been erected and by who and why it has not been removed. Wc have known for many years that the British state forces have shared information, weapons and membership with unionist paramilitaries. It is, however, unusual for such a public display of collusion to be put on display. Taylor threatens to scupper Agreement Leading Ulster Unionist John Taylor has threatened to scupper the entire Good Friday Agreement if the proposed Independent Monitoring Body (1MB) will include a nominee from the Dublin government. UUP leader David Trimble has championed the establishment of the 1MB and nationalists have seen its establishment as another sop by the British government to rejectionist unionism. But, as with other concessions, as soon as they get their cake, unionists want to cat it as well. With two British to the Irish government's single nominee, the British government is set to exercise complete control over the actions of the 1MB. Furthermore, the body must report directly to the NIO Secretary of State who has ultimate power to decide to act or ignore its recommendations. The 1MB is a discriminatory, anti-democratic mechanism, designed to place further burdens on the nationalist electorate in exercising their right to democratic representation. But recent unionist opposition to the 1MB has nothing to do with this; on the contrary, unionist objection is based on opposition to even the appearance of a nationalist dimension within the 1MB. Writing in the London Times, Taylor said he would probably vote against the sanctions body and warned that it could undermine any unionist support lor I lie GFA. He went on to say that the proposal that the Dublin government should nominate a representative to the new body would not win the support of ordinary unionists. Jeffcry Donaldson has also claimed that the participation of an Irish government nominee in any monitoring idle of the StOrmonl Assembly represents a fundamental breach of unionist principles. Adams calls for election date on US visit Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams MP arrived in New York on Tuesday night, where he continued to press the message that the British government has to set a date certain for the elections . The Sinn Fein President told a meeting not only is this a matter of political principle but I believe Mr. Blair can be persuaded to go ahead with the elections if US opinion joins the growing lobby in Ireland demanding that this should happen . Adams left Boston after briefing a Massachusetts Congressional delegation on the current state of the political process. This two-hour meeting with the delegation led by Congressman Richard Ncal and which included Congressman Jim McGovcrn, Congressman Stephen Lynch and Congressman John Tierney, also focused on the very important issue of collusion. In Boston, Adams had addressed the Irish American Partnership luncheon. The event, attended by over 300 people, raises funds for the Irish American Partnership, which provides financial support to community and educational projects in Ireland. On Monday, after a one-hour meting with fed Kennedy in his Boston office, the Sinn Fein president welcomed the US Senator's forthright support for the holding ol'elections in the Six Counties. Adams was due lo meet The National Council on American Foreign Policy's Bill Flynn in New York yesterday, lie will meet with US Special Envoy to Ireland, Richard Haass today, Thursday, when he is expected to put the case strongly that the US do all in its power to ensure that the Assembly elections go ahead. Sectarian intimidation drives Catholics out BY LAURA FRIEL For many years, Antrim was used by the statutory agencies as a dumping ground for anti-social elements excluded from housing in Belfast. A few years ago, drug dealers, armed, ruthless and apparently beyond the law, had held sway, intimidating families and frequently forcing them out. Aine Gribbon had been one of many women who had successfully campaigned to reclaim the estate from criminal intimidation. But now Aine, like many other families within this community, is facing another kind of threat. Last week, the PSNI visited Aine to inform her that her life, and the lives of other prominent local activists, was in imminent danger from loyalist paramilitaries. The PSNI officer who informed the Gribbon family of this death threat was very clear about its source. There was a new UDA leader in Antrim and he intended to kill a number of local republicans to enhance his standing within the loyalist community. But in the back living room of her home, Aine was not preoccupied with the threat against her life but the plight of other members of her community. It was around 10.30pm on Saturday night, said Aine, when about 40 loyalists, mostly men and dressed in black attacked a row of six houses . A few hundred yards from Aine's home, at the bottom end of a large green, six houses occupied by Catholic families in the Stiles estate came under attack. A couple living in one of the houses described all the front windows, upstairs and down, coming in around them simultaneously and with such force that the shattered glass covered the rooms. Aine had been one of a number of local residents to run across the playing field to the scene of the attack. There was a whole crowd of loyalists and only two PSNI officers, said Aine. Later, a CID officer told a resident that the PSNI weren't sure that the attack had been sectarian because some of the families whose homes had been targeted were mixed marriages. The loyalist mob returned on Sunday night and launched an attack on a number of other Catholic homes in the area. During last year's Orange marching season, over 60 Catholic families were forced to flee following loyalist intimidation in Antrim. Having successfully driven many Catholics away from the adjacent Steeples and Park Hall estates, loyalists now appear intent on extending their control in the Stiles area. Local Sinn Fein Councilor Martin McManus says the media portrayal of what is currently occurring in Antrim as 'tit-for-tat' inter-community strife is not only misleading but also adds to the plight of those targeted for intimidation. We are witnessing loyalist paramilitaries intent on creating a divided community by driving Catholics out of a mixed area, he said. To describe that process as 'tit-for-tat' is a dangerous nonsense and buys into the loyalist agenda of making it impossible for Protestants and Catholics to live peacefully within integrated housing. It is a matter of personal pride, that I can tell you that during a period of intense provocation, in which over 300 Catholics have been rendered homeless by loyalist intimidation, not one single Protestant has been intimidated out of this estate. Sectarian retaliation is not an option here; loyalism may thrive on division but republicans are intent upon building a society of equals. O Coileain Irish Imports IRISH AND CELTIC GIFTS 1-800-633-1990 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ac9c72369 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Paee 3 Official Statement from John McNicholl's family The following statement was delivered by Sean McNicholl, 18, eldest son of John McNicholl on behalf of his family. Issued July 23, 2003 through the Federation of Irish American Societies of the Delaware Valley. I witnessed my father being kidnapped by strange men from our front door and bundled into an unmarked car. I ran down the street after the car but could not catch up to it. I later found out that these people were representatives of the United States Government. I am in high school. I am a citizen of the United States. I was born and raised in this neighborhood, in Upper Darby. This is my home. My friends are here; this is my country; my younger brother and sister and my mother are United States citizens. Can someone from the Bush Administration explain what we are to do, now that they have deported our father? Where is the justice, in the justice dept of the US for my family and me? Who do they expect to help us? Will the Attorney General send a check every week to pay our bills - my little sister's dental bills, for example? My father provided for my family, and me, he is a good father. My mother and my father have lived in this community for many years. My father has lived as a man of peace showing kindness to and support for all around him. We don't understand why our government would crush our family and leave us so broken. My brother and sister and I had dreams of living our lives here in the United States with the support of both our parents. Now we have nightmares, my little sister wakes up screaming, she thinks men will come back and harm us and take us away. I was considering joining the US military after this year, my last year in high school. My younger brother Conall also was thinking about a military career. We are Americans; we still cannot comprehend what has happened to us and to our dad. We feel so violated, so let down, so scared and traumatized by the actions of our government. Are we left no choice other than forced exile from our country, the United States? We hear Mom crying in her room and we know she is scared and worried about dad, and all of us, and what are we all going to do. On Thursday morning my mother called Immigration Deportation Dept, in Philadelphia, the lady who answered the phone acted as if they knew nothing about him. Mom then called Immigration Dept, in York on Friday morning; they presented Dad to her in shackles - my dad, who peaceably went to work every day in Philadelphia for years and had to renew his work authorization at the Immigration Office in Philadelphia every 90 days. Our dad explained to us the harassment his family suffered at the hands of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, a police force, more like a militia, who only protected the interests of the loyalist and unionist community. The British Government has since disbanded this group because of the abuse they leveled at the nationalist community. They are known to have colluded with loyalists in the murder of nationalists and particularly human rights lawyers. Dad told us how the RUC would harass his parents by breaking into their home and entering their bedrooms in the middle of the night at gunpoint. They would utter disparaging remarks about his elderly mother, my grandmother, in her nightgown and would compare her to an old Fenian cow and other crude remarks. Dad was a member of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, an organization that worked for equality issues for the Nationalist community. Aren't civil rights something worth achieving and defending? The RUC were intent on framing my father, so they said he was involved in terrorist activity and planted weapons where they arrested him. My father escaped from the prison to which he was taken, because he knew that, like so many others in Northern Ireland back then, they would have imprisoned him for most of his life for something he didn't do. The RUC were invited by the US Dept of Justice to come to my father's trial in Philadelphia. Their testimony should not have been believed. This group includ- continucd on page 5 Appeal on behalf of the McNicholl family The family needs funds and they need it quickly. They are trying to get John back and know it's a slim chance. They also have to get the family house in order for sale, as they can't afford it without John. Fundraisers are already being planned but if you want to send donations or have friends who are so motivated they would be most welcomed, Checks are to be made out to: Philadelphia Family Defense Fund 7 South Cedar Lane Upper Darby, Pa. 19082 Maghaberry fails to protect republican prisoner New Lodge man John O'Hagan has already spent 18 months on remand - effectively a three-year sentence - after he was arrested in April 2002 following the controversial raid on Castlereagh PSNI barracks and charged with possession of documents useful to terrorists. He has been denied bail three times by the High Court in Belfast and is awaiting trial in Maghaberry prison. Legal observers say they believe his case may not be heard until Easter 2004 at the earliest. Meanwhile, Maghaberry is ready to explode as a result of the NIO's policy of forced integration between unionists and republicans. The practice has already resulted in prisoners connected to the so-called Continuity and Real IRA groupings taking part in a no-wash protest. And just when it appeared things couldn't get much worse for John O'Hagan. prison officials at Maghaberry decided to house him in a wing alongside several active members of the UDA, including loyalist thugs Andre and Ihab Shoukri, and Mo Courtney. O'Hagan is the only republican to be housed in the wing. Needless to say, this has already led to a number of confrontations between O'Hagan and his loyalist paramilitary neighbors - the most recent of which has spurred allegations that prison officers are endangering his safety. There was an altercation between O'Hagan and Ihab Shoukri on Friday 11 July. It began when the two men exchanged words, which then escalated into a fistfight in full view of prison security cameras. Although prison officers watched the incident intensify from a verbal exchange into a physical confrontation, they did not intervene for a full six minutes, prompting O'Hagan's lawyer to lodge his concerns in a letter to the governor of Maghaberry. The safety of prisoners should be of primary importance to all of those involved in the prison administration, said the solicitor. Clearly, there arc vciy serious questions to be asked as to why this incident was incurred against my client. The ultimate responsibility lies with the governor. According to a document obtained by a Belfast based newspaper, prison officers suspected that a light between both men was imminent but took no action before the disagreement erupted into violence. Shoukri, who has a former conviction for extortion, is currently in jail alongside his colleague Mo Courtney, charged with offences relating to the killing of fellow loyalist Alan McCullough. Sinn Fein's spokesperson for prisoners, Councilor Michael Browne, has called on the NIO for the immediate introduction of segregation, calling it the only sensible policy. The treatment of prisoners like John O'Hagan begs the question: what do the NIO hope to achieve by their current policy of forced integration? he asked. The attack on John O'Hagan took place a fortnight ago. Now there is available evidence to show that the attack developed under the eye of the prison authorities. Is it really the NIO's intention to increase instability and endanger the safety of individuals within the prison? On the basis of this evidence, that's the only conclusion possible. ,. . + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..591b7dfbd --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People 363 SEVENTH AVENUE, SUITE 405 NEW YORK, NY 10001 OPINION IRISH SIDE HOLD KEY TO COLLUSION EXPOSURE The family of Peter Kelly has declared themselves less than impressed with the belated decision of the PSNI to re-open the investigation into the nationalist councilor's 1974 murder. And while that's hardly surprising, it docs go to show that despite recent reforms, nationalists still don't trust the PSNI to delve impartially into its own murky past. In fact, Chief Constable Hugh Orde hardly boosted confidence in his force when lie suggested that his officers couldn't police the past . But is that really hecause of an understandahle lack of resources or because the force wants to let its own sleeping dogs of war lie? If it's the latter, then that just won't wash with nationalists. Those victims of collusion between the state forces and the loyalist paramilitaries have a right to know who pulled the trigger and who, in the back offices of RUC barracks across the North, pulled the file. Any attempt to brush the stale's sordid pasl under the carpet will only result in greater alienation from the PSNI and make the work of building an accountable police service more difficult. And yet, the stand-off between families whether of the hundreds of Catholics murdered by loyalist death-squads 'run' by Special Branch, or the victims of stale forces' killings could be resolved by resolute action from the Irish Government. At present, nationalist victims of collusion have to trudge a weary path through the European courts in their search for justice. For a few, there might be an independent inquiry though even that development can be stymied by the British as the Bloody Sunday Inquiry shows but for the vast majority, the prospect of exposing the (mill is an unlikely one indeed. After all, when individuals, often of limited means, are pitted against the British government, might not right is likely to win out. And Unit's where the Irish Government comes in. Of course, almost all the victims of collusion in the Six Counties are Irish citizens. And thai gives the Irish Government a unique standing in law from which to put right this monumental abuse. In fact, it's more than that. It places an onerous duly on the Irish Government to act; lo speak for those who have been silenced in Britain's Dirty War. livery time a family like the Kellys or the Finucanes or the Nelsons or hundreds of other equally bewildered victims appear on our TV screens lo tell of their lonely struggle lor justice, the Irish Government should hang its head in shame. ' 'here is no reason why these brutalized Irish citizens should have to shoulder this burden unaided. They are citizens of a sovereign country and it's way past time the government of that country stood up for its people. In recent months, faced with the unilateral decision of the British Government to close down the political institutions here, the Irish Government has vowed to act as the defender of nationalist rights. Northern nationalists who have always believed that being abandoned by Dublin literally goes with the territory will take that pledge with a pinch of salt. However, if the Irish Government were to take firm action now on collusion, it would go a long way to easing nationalist fears as wc face into another crisis in the peace process. From lrelandehck.com The Irish People 363 Seventh Avenue New York, NY 10001 Telephone: (212)736-1916 Advertising Dept. fax: (212) 279-1916 Editorial Dept e-mail: irishpeoplepaper aol.com Website: http://www.inac.org/irishpeople The Irish People (ISSN 0888-3556 USPS 070-770) is published week ly every Saturday, except for the first week of January and the second week of August, for 35.00 per year by the Irish People Inc., 363 7th Ave., 405, New York, NY 10001. Periodicals Postage Paid at 8th Ave. Post Office, New York, NY. Postmaster: send address changes to: The Irish People, 363 7th Avenue. 405, New York, NY 10001. Oliver Kearney Remembered By Gerry Coleman Oliver Kearney was laid to rest today, July 28, 2003, in the north of Ireland. Rest was uncharacteristic of the man. His life was about inventing and re-inventing ways to struggle against injustice and he unerringly followed his principles. For Americans who value justice and human rights, he is most associated with the MacBride Principles campaign, which uses the pressure of US state and local government stock holdings to influence corporate employers doing business in the north to apply a set of nine fair employment standards applicable to the Six-Counties developed by Sean MacBride and others. But he came to it from inside the north- cm bureaucracy and business ethos, where he began to make public how the establishment worked to discriminate against Catholics. He founded the Fair Employment Trust, which pretty much were himself and an old typewriter in the kitchen of his Antrim home. He wouldn't say he was a one man show, but he was. And he was a dangerous man. He wrote the truth and he knew the truth. A successful, career executive in the N.I. Vintners' Association, he began to expose the whole evil system of discrimination in the north and how it worked. He was causing damage. Oliver came under great pressure from above to stop. As a dedicated family man and father of live, some of that pressure must have come was from himself. At this time, he was sought out to lobby for a MacBride Principle bill that was facing a legislative fight in the States. Here he was, a successful Catholic business executive, an exception to the rule, putting it on the line for the principle of it. He did almost everything for the principle of it. After that brief trip to America, he was fired and became essentially un-hirablc. When he had to tell his wife, Brigid, I know it broke his heart. It didn't break her heart, nor the Kearney family's love and resolve. They would make do and Oliver Kearney pretty much became a full time warrior for Equality. He came into the MacBride fight when it was hardest, after the early, dcmographically friendly Irish Catholic eastern states had passed legislation. Nevertheless, the campaign slugged its way through the states with Oliver's help. And it wasn't only MacBride, at the same time he took on the US sponsored International Fund for Ireland, which was disgracefully entangled in the same discriminatory bureaucracy. Most of the research that exposed its overt lack of justice for those that needed it the most came from Oliver. Queens University, which was receiving US funds, was pilloried by Oliver for the anti-Catholic makeup of its faculty in an institution that was over 50 Catholic. Most departments had no Catholic professors although Catholics were well represented in the cleaning staff. When MacBride had run it's course, Oliver hadn't. He delineated a way to go through the same states again with new, more punitive MacBride legislation. They were called contact compliance bills and they were killers. A corporate employer in the north of Ireland not adhering to the MacBride Principles for Fair Employment was, by statute, barred from doing business with or otherwise penalized by states and municipalities with a contract compliance bill. It was comply with MacBride or no contract. Millions, even billions, were now at stake. So it was back to New York State, New York City, Boston, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, etc. with new legislative initiatives, another round of bringing out Britain's dirty laundry of anti- Catholic discrimination. The Brits went mad. They even staffed a special office in Washington, D.C. just to fight MacBride. But even contract compliance would run it's course. Not Oliver. With his great friend, Fr. Des Wilson, he founded Equality , which focused primarily in organizing awareness and action among the discriminated in the north of Ireland. Northern Bank was made to reel from Equality's wrath, as this discriminatory institution's Bank Notes were deemed not acceptable and handed back like dead mice at monetary exchanges and banks by the thousands to be replaced by acceptable currency ; it caused a wonderful ruckus. Oliver seemed to ignore the fact that he had inoperable throat cancer for well over ten years during his personal fight for justice for other people. Perhaps he willed it away. I think he scared it into remission. There were other schemes to fight the apartheid system he so hated, but his grandchildren would occupy his last years. When his beloved wife Brigid passed away two years ago, you knew that Oliver's heart was with her. Still, I don't think he went easy. Mostly what I remember is the way Oliver fought to win, but never for the sake of winning. So many times in battling the International Fund for Ireland or for MacBride bills, it seemed that compromising a bit here, a bit there, would get our victory. Most of us mortals wanted to get that bill signed after sometimes years of hard lobbying. Never did he budge on these points. He could be fierce on this. There are NINE MacBride principles, not eight or different ones for different bills. He knew that to rewrite one was to start the unraveling of the whole. It was the principle of the thing and it mattered to Oliver how you fought, why you fought, and that you know what you were fighting. To fight alongside Oliver was a core, intense experience. He could wither an ambassador with a phrase or make an ordinary person feci like a million, turn around a hostile crowd with his words and smile or chastise an audience so cleverly that even the barbs felt good. He was the most principled, loving and fierce man I ever knew. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..122ad570b --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Pace S My Dear, We're Not a Democracy By Linda Coleman Years ago, while channel-surfing the morning show line up in a vain search for real news, I ran across an interesting segment in which one of the bubbly blonde anchor women was interviewing a condescending British lord. She had lots of questions about the popularity of the British queen, or lack thereof. She asked whether or not the British public liked the queen and asked if they would prefer she step down in favor of her son. The stuffy lord deflected most of the news anchor's questions, educating her - along with the oh so ignorant U.S. television public - on the line of succession, the importance of monarchy, and the unlikelihood of Herself getting off the throne anytime soon. Our plucky blonde anchor kept after His Lordship, with questions about the growing popularity of William. Can't they just pass over Charles, our anchor asked, since his son is so much more popular? The lord's eyes went cold and steely, and the little he had of an upper lip vanished entirely. My dear, he seethed, We're not a democracy. We're a monarchy. See, this is the problem with England trying to bring democracy to the Six - they don't know how it's done. Constitutional though it may be, England is still a monarchy in its heart and soul. England is good at invasion, division and conquering. They're really good at building peace walls but don't seem to know much about building bridges. They haven't gotten the hang of the voting thing just yet, especially where their occupied somebody from another planet (or this one) trying to understand Blair's problem... Okay, there's this guerilla army, called the Irish Republican Army, and they've been on ceasefire since the late twentieth century. Over the years, they've issued a series of press releases to the British prime Constitutional though it may be, England is still a monarchy in its heart and soul. England is good at invasion, division and conquering. They're really good at building peace walls but don't seem to know much about building bridges. They haven't gotten the hang of the voting thing just yet, especially where their occupied lands are concerned. lands are concerned. Blair seems to think that if his favorite candidate isn't likely to win, he can call off the election. My dear, I'd like to say to him, That's not democracy. Oddly enough, the mainstream press missed out on a juicy bit of irony involving Blair and the democratic process; on May 29, the very day Blair was in Basra congratulating British troops on liberating Iraq from dictatorship, Irish people from both sides of the border were protesting in the streets on what should have been their election day. These days, the media is quick to criticize Blair's role in Iraq, but is strangely silent on his stranglehold on Occupied Ireland, and his absurd claim that the IRA statement lacks clarity. Imagine explaining the clarity issue to minister - that's Tony Blair - reminding him that there's not a bombing campaign going on anymore (just in case he didn't notice) and that they support the peace agreement. Well, Blair says he needs more clarity. He's cancelled all elections until he can figure out what the IRA means when it says thing like, 'The IRA is committed to supporting every effort to make conflict a thing of the past ...' Ian Paisley and his brethren spent their vainglorious 12th thinking up even more pre-conditions to the electoral process, the latest of which is that the DUP won't join the Assembly until Sinn Fein disbands Okay, no one's going to take him seriously, but lan's latest rant is an astounding glimpse into the brain of someone who has never known democracy. Imagine a U.S. politician saying, I won't go back to the Senate until the Democratic Party disbands. While some U.S. Republicans might like the idea of Democrats suddenly evaporating, we're used to the conflict and compromise of democratic process and wouldn't really enjoy living in a one-party regime where opposition was met with the tantrum, No, No, Never, No Surrender The UUP certainly doesn't understand the electoral process. Apparently, Trimble's opposition is going to keep having election after election until they win, like so many gamblers compulsively rolling dice in pursuit of the elusive seven. Elections don't work like a craps game. Sometimes, your side doesn't win. But that's okay, there will be another election after a pre-detcrniined amount of time and you vote again. At this writing, it looks like Tony Blair's about ready lo set an election date. Maybe you'd like to send him an encouraging note, and explain how the whole thing works. You know his address - 10 Downing Street, London, England. Tell him there are no pre-conditions on democracy. Democracy belongs to the people and is not something that is offered from on high as a reward for good behavior, only to be abruptly taken away if the overseer deems the people undeserving. Tell him to sol a date, stick to it, and not waste this historic opportunity for peace in the Six. Tell him to drop the lame excuse about clarity and let the people vote Man charged with feud killing Twenty-three-year-old Stephen Dowie appeared at Belfast Court on Saturday 16 July charged with the murder of Jonathan Stewart in December 2002 during the loyalist feud. Dowie, whose address was given as c/o Magilligan Prison, was charged with murdering 22-year-old Stewart at a house in Manor Street in North Belfast, two days after Christmas last year. Stewart, a nephew of a well known loyalist, was shot six times by a masked gunman who forced his way into the kitchen of the house and singled him out. Armed members of the PSNI stood guard in the courthouse during Dowie appearance. Dowie was remanded in custody until 22 August. He was one of dozens of people who fled the Six Counties in February, along with Gina Adair and John White, after the UDA declared war on friends and associates of ousted Shankill UDA boss Johnny Adair. McNicholl Family continued from page 3 ed some of the same people who harassed my grandparents. They were given clearance in the INS courtroom. They acted like tourists and took pictures of each other and with the INS was later spotted wearing an RUC pin, obviously a memento of their visit and an affront to the Irish community in Philadelphia, many whom had to leave Ireland because of harassment and threats from the RUC. My father lived in Northern Ireland during a time of horrendous strife and trouble. So much has changed since then. Most people who survived this period are going on with their daily lives, just like my parents were doing, raising me and my brother and sister in the only place wc know as home, the United States. At my father's trial in Philadelphia, the British Government didn't request that my father should be extradited back to Northern Ireland. The organization that the RUC claims our dad belonged to is not listed on the Justice's dept's list of terrorist's groups. Why then, and for whose benefit was it necessary for the Unnoted States Justice Dept. to come to our home and break up our family. We demand that our father be returned to us, he is no terrorist. He loves the United States. We love our country. We question now, does our government really care about us and our well being. If George Bush really cares about us and the sensitivities of a large Irish American community, he shouldn't be taking sides in this Irish conflict by throwing an innocent and law abiding and loving father out of the country. WE DEMAND THAT OUR FATHER BE RETURNED. WE LOVE HIM, WE MISS HIM AND WE WANT HIM BACK. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6da0158f --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Pace 6 The Irish People August 9 -August 15, 2003 idealism lives on By Fr. Des Many tributes have been paid and will be paid to Oliver Kearney, one of the most constant and brilliant of our people who struggled for our human rights and dignity. Al much the same time as we lost Oliver for the time being, because wc tire always at one with each other, whatever happens we learned of the departure Of Gary MacEoin also. The two men were different in some important ways. Gary worked in America, Oliver in Ireland. Gary lived to be over ninety years of age and Oliver was first diagnosed with serious illness when he was in his early fifties. Much of Gary's work was done by writing: books, plays, articles, and in lecturing. Oliver's work was often done by lecturing and writing but he would probably have called it briefing rather than lecturing toiling people who wanted to know, or who should know, what was really happening behind the closed doors of factories, offices and government buildings where, sheltered by a veneer of respectability, the most appalling cruelty occurred, whether by bullying or by discrimination and unfair employment practices. Gary told again and again the stories of people who had few others to tell their stories for them, people living in the Americas and other parts of the world who were often treated like slaves, calling out to those who had religious beliefs, or even the slightest of moral beliefs, to come and help them. Between the two of them it became more and more difficult to cat some of the bread baked in South Belfast or drink the whiskey distilled in north Antrim or to admire the over flying aircraft built in Shorts or drink Coke without a surge of anger and a hardening of one's determination to end unfairness and cruelty in work forever. When he was over ninety Gary showed no signs of giving up the struggle. When he might well have been only halfway through his term of life Oliver was given notice that he did not have much longer to live. Both these men were dear friends to us all, whether we knew them personally or not. They were never done studying, Oliver brought together a mass of facts, figures, assessments which proved invaluable for everyone who, dashing after him to keep up, went to light for the MacBride Principles and for decent equality. Then, as if that were not enough, continued on page 7 The Elusive Spondulix Tom Culhane 954-A Stuyvesant Ave. Union, NJ 07083 908-964-2772 Dpttv church Loyalists up the ante The relative calm experienced by nationalist communities during the loyalist Twelfth marching period came to a shuddering end over the lust seven days as loyalist gangs attacked Catholic homes in the Stiles estate in Antrim, threatened a teenage Catholic girl in Dunmurry by putting a gun to her head and torched a Catholic church outside Magherafelt in County Deny-. In the midst of this loyalist violence, homes in the Clandeboye area of the Short Strand, which had been experiencing a period of peace since the pogroms of last summer, came under fire from loyalist youths using ball bearings and golf balls. Not content with their attacks on Catholics, loyalist paramilitaries have shown the racist side to their makeup by erecting Nazi insignia in Ballymcna and distributing White National Party literature as part of their campaign against non- whites. badly damaged An historic South Derry Catholic church has been badly damaged in a sectarian arson attack. Extensive damage was caused to the altar of St John's Church, on the main Magherafelt to Castledawson Road at around 5.30am on Saturday 26 July. A window at the rear of the church was broken and flammable liquid was poured in. The floor at the rear of the building, which dates from the time of the penal laws in Ireland, was also badly damaged. Parish church curate Father David Moore said it would take a lot of money to repair the damage. The church is located yards from O'Donovan Rossa's GAA ground, which has been the target of sectarian attacks by loyalists on numerous occasions in recent years. Gun put to girl's head A 17-year-old girl had a gun put to her head and her two male companions, aged 14 and 26, needed hospital treatment after they attacked by up to 15 members of the UDA in Dunmurry on the outskirts of Belfast at around 5.30pm on Sunday 27 July. The three were set upon in the car park of a vacant supermarket in the Quecnsway area of Dunmurry and ordered to lie on the ground by the gang, who were wearing balaclavas and were armed with a handgun, baseball bats and golf clubs. As they lay on the ground the two males were set upon while the gunman held the gun to the girl's head as she was assaulted. The two teenagers were treated in hospital for cuts and bruising while the 26-year-old man suffered a broken ankle and multiple cuts and bruising to his head and body. The girl's parents, who spoke with Sinn Fein's Paul Butler, said their daughter is now terrified. Lagan Valley Sinn Fein councilor Paul Butler described the attack as blatantly sectarian and said it was part of a coordinated and vicious anti-Catholic campaign being waged on the Catholic community by the UDA. This was not some group of kids. These were armed and masked UDA men. The political representatives of the UDA are continually appearing in the media assuring people that the UDA is on cessation, but the reality on the ground for Catholics in places like Dunmurry and Lisburn is very different. Butler added that local political representatives have a role to play in stopping these sectarian attacks but unfortunately they have failed to play any part in ending these onslaughts so far. Instead of confronting sectarianism in Lisburn and Dunmurry, unionists have decided to institutionalize it in Lisburn Council. The exclusion of nationalists from civic positions is only one step removed from the violent incidents we have witnessed in recent weeks. Butler called on nationalists to be very vigilant. On 20 July, a 21 year-old Catholic was seriously injured after he was attacked by a gang of 20 loyalists wielding golf clubs, iron bars and poles painted red, white and blue as he played golf at Aberdelghy Golf club, outside Lisburn. In November last year, West Belfast Catholic Harry McCartin was viciously beaten and nailed to a fence by loyalists in the Seymour Hill estate in Dunmurry. Nationwide Service - Truckload Large LTL CALLAHAN TRANSPORTATION INC. Jim Callahan P.O. Box 480617 Kansas City, MO 64148 (816)942-0307 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..430c5267a --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +The Irish People Senior UUP member in electoral corruption probe BY LAURA FRIEL The Chief Executive of the Ulster Unionist Party has been arrested and questioned by the PSNI in connection with serious offences within the north's Electoral Office. Alastair Patterson (57) is one of three former Electoral Office employees being questioned in relation to allegations of forgery, false accounting and corruption. All three were arrested last Monday 21 July and taken into PSNI custody in Omagh, where they were questioned by detectives. The alleged offences took place within the Electoral Office between 1996 and 2001 and the investigation centers on activities in the west. Both former employees have been released on bail pending further enquiries. Alastair Patterson, who took up his post as Chief Executive of the UUP last year, first came to prominence in 1981 when he appeared on television screens through the world as the deputy returning officer declaring IRA Hunger striker Bobby Sands as the new MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone. As the UUP's Chief Executive, Alastair Patterson is currently at the center of the disciplinary moves against the three UUP MPs who resigned the party whip. Jeffrey Donaldson, David Burnside and Martin Smyth quit the whip at Westminster in protest against David Trimble's leadership of the party. As the Chief Executive, Patterson was due to submit the names of 20 influential party members willing to sit on a disciplinary committee to decide the fate of the three dissident MPs. In light of the Electoral Office allegations, Jeffrey Donaldson has already questioned Patterson's role in the disciplinary hearing within the party. An earlier move by David Trimble to oust the three malcontents backfired when Belfast High Court ruled against its legal- allegations but the unionist bias which runs throughout the entire electoral system in the North is more insidious than one or two unionists allegedly caught with their fingers in the till, said Gildernew. Meanwhile, leading Ulster Unionist John Taylor has threatened to scupper the entire Good Friday Agreement if the proposed Independent Monitoring Body The nationalist electorate will of course be greatly concerned about these allegations but the unionist bias which runs throughout the entire electoral system in the North is more insidious than one or two unionists allegedly caught with their fingers in the till, said Gildernew. ity. The whole procedure of disciplinary action is already seriously discredited as a result of the High Court case and I think that this casts further shadow over the process, said Donaldson. But for nationalists, the question as to whether Patterson is a fit person to preside over the internal party discipline of the UUP is of little concern compared to allegations of electoral corruption and fraud. Few details have yet emerged. The second former employee is reported as being unfit to be interviewed on medical grounds and is due to return to Omagh PSNI barracks next month. It is thought that the alleged offences relate to postal voting. Commenting on the arrest of Alastair Patterson, Sinn Fein MP for Fennanagh and South Tyrone, Michelle Gildernew, said that any attempt to manipulate closely contested elections in the west could have serious implications for the outcome. The nationalist electorate will of course be greatly concerned about these includes a nominee from the Dublin government. UUP leader David Trimble has championed the establishment of the 1MB and nationalists have seen its establishment as another sop by the British government to rejectionist unionism. But as with other concessions, as soon as they get their cake, the unionists want to eat it as well. With two to the Dublin government's single nominee, the British government is set to exercise complete control over the actions of the 1MB. Furthermore, the 1MB must report directly to the NIO Secretary of State, who has ultimate power to decide to act or ignore the 1MB. The 1MB is a discriminatory, antidemocratic mechanism designed to place further burdens on the nationalist electorate exercising their right to democratic representation. But recent unionist opposition to the 1MB has nothing to do with this; on the contrary, unionist objection is based on opposition to even the appearance of a nationalist dimension within the 1MB. FrDes continued from page 6 he went back to the academic world to study history and politics. Gary had, what was it, nine languages? Looking back on the life record of both of them now one wonders whether we have appreciated enough and been glad enough about the intellectual brilliance and sheer quality of men and women whom we have been privileged to have on our side. Great people do not ask for reward, they ask us to listen to them, talk with them, argue with them, think with them and together with them work to make a new world which will be as brilliant and as accomplished as they are. And our most hopeful thought is that we have so many good minds and so many stout hearts to present to a jaded old world that is so sorely in need of them. Interesting how refusal and rejection, which are meant to destroy us utterly often, do the opposite, they bring out the best in people. When Oliver Kearney was struggling for fair employment for everybody, his job was taken off him. When Gary MacEoin was starting out in adult life he asked to be allowed to join a religious order. They accepted him for a while, and then told him, sorry, we do not want you to stay. Both men went on to become nationally and internationally known for the unique treasures they were. People used to say, especially when they got a bit fed-up with their church, that the great thing about people with religious ideals was not that they were always good, because they often weren't, but that because whether good or bad, they always managed to give birth to saints, men and women of integrity who, whatever happened, would pass on the idealism to the next generation and in so doing would save a whole people from shame. And all our idealistic communities are like that. May Gary and Oliver rest in the peace they earned and may we sec more and more the results of their work. And happily continue it. Human Rights Commission broken and in need of fixing Sinn Fein Chief Negotiator Martin McGuinness MP on Wednesday morning led a party delegation to meet with the Human Rights Commission. The delegation included Human Rights spokesperson Bairbre de Brun and Belfast Councilor Chrissie McAuley. Speaking after the meeting, McGuinness said: The establishment of the Human Rights Commission was a key component of the Good Friday Agreement which Sinn Fein strongly argued for and supported. We are, therefore, deeply dissatisfied at the approach of the Human Rights Commission, particularly in relation to its approach on fair employment provisions which could have highly damaging implications for equality as well as the Chief Commissioner's highly inappropriate behavior in the Holy Cross case. Fair employment is a cornerstone of building a new society. If you cannot even measure what's wrong in respect of fair employment how can you possibly hope to tackle it? Ordinary people will not accept having the clock turned back to the days before monitoring of fair employment was introduced. Nor will they accept a society in which the rights of little children depend on the area in which they live or the religion of their family. The Chief Commissioner's response to the Holy Cross case has undermined gravely public confidence that rights will be promoted regardless of political background. The resignation of one quarter of the Commission's membership is a further cause of deep concern. A Westminster Joint Committee on Human Rights recently identified serious problems with the Commission. Actions that threaten fair employment monitoring, 50:50 recruitment as recommended by Patten or voting safeguards in the Assembly will further undermine public confidence. The Chief Commissioner has failed to provide satisfactory answers to the concerns expressed about the way the Commission has developed under his stewardship. We have sought a meeting with both governments to discuss these concerns and the way ahead. We need to look at a restructuring that will include the composition and appointments, the powers and resources of the Commission. The Human Rights Commission is broken. It needs to be fixed. We approach this issue on the basis of wanting the best possible Human Rights Commission in place to drive forward the human rights aspects of the Good Friday Agreement. In our view, there is a need for the British government to put in place the measures required to guarantee the integrity, independence and effectiveness of the Commission. We will vigorously pursue this matter with both governments in the time ahead. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cf705638b --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Aunust 9 - August 15. 2003 The Irish People August 9 - August 15. 2003 Page 9 MEP harassed as case draws to a close On Tuesday morning, following the completion of the closing arguments of the prosecutor and the solicitor general, Colombian Genera Enrique Mora, head of the armed forces, issued a public statement vehemently calling for the three defendants' convictions. In a letter to the President of the EU Parliament, Pat Cox, urging his direct intervention with the Colombian authorities, Fianna Fail MEP Niall Andrews, who is attending the trial as an observer, wrote that: The timing of this highly prejudicial statement sends a clear and sinister message to the court presiding over this trial that a judgment of conviction should be rendered irrespective of the evidence. On Sunday, Andrews w;is approached and questioned in an intimidating manner as he left his hotel by a man claiming to be from the police and asked whal he was doing in the country. The man made intimidating gestures. A short time later another man took photographs of Niall Andrews as he was getting into a taxi. felt that there was some kind of psychological pressure being exerted, said Andrews in a statement. I decided not to take the taxi to the cathedral but rather to return to the hotel. As a result I felt it was unsafe to leave the hotel alone. I recalled similar incidents in Central America years ago. I also feel that the whole process of intimidation is counterproductive to the interests of the Colombian State. Caitriona Ruane, spokesperson for the Bring Them Home Campaign, said: This is unacceptable behavior from the Colombian Police and is part of a pattern of harassment of the international observers. I have sent a statement of this incident to the Irish government and called on them to make a formal complaint to the Colombian Authorities. In his letter to Pat Cox, Niall Andrews highlighted the high level interference in the trial. From the moment of the men's arrest almost two years ago, high-ranking officials in the Colombian armed forces have repeatedly made well-publicized statements prejudging the defendants as guilty. One such officer, General Fernandez Tapias, made such inflammatory statements in testimony given to the United States Congress; in support of his sentiments, General Fernandez Tapias testified to facts and circumstances concerning the arrest and judicial process in this case which in the course of the trial have been demonstrated to be false. The Fianna Fail MEP pointed out prejudicial statements have been made by the current President of Colombia, Alvaro Uribe, and his predecessor, Andres Pastrana, and by the current Vice President Santos. Vice President Santos's statement was made a few weeks after he acknowledged to an earlier observer delegation that it was improper for political representatives to make public statements prejudging the defendants as guilty. There is no question that these statements by political and military officers have been issued for no other purpose than to pressure the court and to prejudice the defendants' right to a fair trial. Like. General Fernandez Ta p i a s ' s statement, these other state ments are manifestly inconsistent with the evidence adduced at trial. A team of international observers comprising politicians, lawyers and human rights activists have traveled from three continents to observe the trial. Also on the international delegation observing the trial are Sinn Fein TD Sean Crowe, Fianna Fail Senator Mary White, Australian MP Paul Lynch, Australian human rights lawyer Shann Kerrigan, Australian trade unionist Brett Gay, US Brehon Law Society president Steve / McCabc, US human rights activist Pat Fowler, USJ human rights lawyer Natalie Kabasakalian, Irish lawyers Pat Daly and Ronan Munro and Irish trade unionist Des Former political prisoners have always played a central role in Irish Republican politics. Today many of the political leaders within Sinn Fein are former political prisoners, the role of prisoners and former prisoners was recognized as crucial to the development of the peace process within the community St local level. An organisation called (loiste na n- larchiml was established. Its primary aim was to help former prisoners reintegrate into society and to enable them to use their abilities to shape the new society that will emerge from the Irish Peace Process. In 1999/2000 I was granted a position within Coiste, It was a full-time paid position. I was the director of a new sub- unit in Dublin called Tar Isteach. My job, indeed the project, was funded by the fish government as pail of the peace process. Similar projects were and are funded by the British government in the north of Ireland. Many of the discussions thai we had liming llie course of our work in Coiste identified the need for social justice and how thai could be achieved. We recognized the need lo study other situations and see how conflict resolution processes were developing. To do that wc knew that it was necessary to meet face to face with others in different countries who were engaged in broadly similar processes. Declaration of Jim Monaghan Witnesses have already explained in detail the problems facing former prisoners including travel restrictions. With these problems come dangers. Because of these and previous experiences in travel shared by each of us we felt it wiser and safer to travel by legitimate means but using a different identity. I came to know Martin McCauley through the ex-prisoner community, our friendship developed when Martin and his family were forced to move near Dublin following threats to their lives. I have known Niall Connolly for a number of years. He is a native of Dublin and returns there on his regular trips home from Latin America. 1 knew Niall worked on humanitarian projects in that region. The three of us share the same broad political interests. Niall and I traveled to Nicaragua together a few years ago. In the summer of 2001 the three of us traveled to Colombia principally to see the peace process but also to enjoy a holiday. For reasons already stated the three of us traveled with different names. We traveled openly and the way all other travelers would. Wc visited the peace /one. We spent several weeks in the zone. We talked to a great many people. We shared experiences about the peace processes in Ireland and Colombia. We discussed the involvement of outsiders in such processes. From an Irish perspective the advice and experiences of people involved in South Africa, Palestine, East Timor and other regions in Latin America were very important. We discussed the process of becoming involved in a political system seen as hostile and the gains and the problems that resulted from such a course of action. We talked at length about the role of former prisoners in political developments in Ireland and the Irish peace process. We met with members of the FARC. We learnt from them about the great number of visitors and political representatives who had visited the zone. This included members of the Colombian government and many people from outside Colombia. Since wc were arrested at El Dorado airport there has been a constant flow of misinformation and false allegations against us. The Embassies of the United States and Britain have both intervened to distort the truth. We were then driven to a military barracks where North American officials were present. After this we were brought to the Prosecutor's office. Everything was hap pening very fast, there were a lot of soldiers about. We denied meeting the FARC initially because we thought it would make matters worse for us. The US forensics has been exposed as bogus. The stories of satellite pictures, videotapes and so on have been proven to be false. The British Embassy alleged that I am a member of the IRA. It is illegal in Ireland, North and South, and in England to belong to the IRA. I have lived openly, and traveled to all parts of Ireland over the past 17 years. I have not been arrested or charged in relation to any of these allegations, I reject them. I am not a member of the IRA. False evidence has been presented to this court. This is clear in the case of the US Embassy. The British Embassy also presented as factual evidence what amounts to no more than wild claims. Witnesses produced by the Colombian military have been proven to have given false testimony. The charge of training the FARC is a false charge, based on false evidence. The training never happened, and my friends and I are therefore not guilty. I would like to conclude by thanking my family and friends who have supported me in every way since my arrest. The work carried out on our behalf by everyone involved in the Bring Them Home Campaign has given us strength Thank you all. Following the signing of the Good Friday Agreement and the International Commission headed by Chris Patten, a former British government minister and former British Governor of Hong Kong, was established to make recommendations for the creation of a new police service that would be acceptable to all sections of the community. I gave evidence to this Commission based on my own experiences at the hands of the RUC. As a result of my court case and the publicity it received I was subjected to a campaign of vicious harassment by the RUC and the British military. A bomb was placed at my home. At that time I was legally represented by Rosemary Nelson, a human rights lawyer. Rosemary was threatened by the RUC. In 1999 the same death squads that had killed Pat Finucane, killed Rosemary Nelson. I was in genuine fear for the safety of my family and myself. I moved from the North of Ireland, which is under British occupation and went to live in the south. Prior to moving south, I had been involved with former political prisoners in Lurgan, Co. Armagh. When I had settled into my new home I became rein- volved with work for former prisoners. I re-established contact with Jim Monaghan who I had met previously. Through this work I became involved in discussions and debates on conflict and Declaration of Martin McCauley conflict resolution. I met Niall Connolly through Jim, following a discussion on Latin America. When the idea of the trip to Colombia arose I agreed to travel with Jim and Niall. I had never been to Latin America, and I was interested in visiting this continent and seeing their peace process. I have lived openly, north and south for 20 years. I have been in regular employment. Part of my employment involved me adapting motor vehicles for use by people with disabilities. I have traveled openly all over Ireland. I have not been charged with any of the offences alleged by the RUC or the British Embassy. I am not a member of the IRA. I am not guilty of the charges laid out against me in this court. Like my two friends I was using another name. Each of us had experience of threats, harassment and violence in shared and different situations. There is nothing more than a desire to travel unhindered in the fact that I was traveling on another name. I have explained how my life and those of my family have been threatened. 1 have explained how two human rights lawyers who have worked on my behalf Pat Finucane and Rosemary Nelson were murdered by pro-British death squads. I am a supporter of Irish republicanism. I have worked within my community to help give a political voice to their views. I am not a member of Sinn Fein. I have worked for Sinn Fein candidates in elections. I believe in the right of the Irish people to control their destiny free from foreign occupation and interference. The peace process in Ireland continues to survive but it has been undermined and attacked by elements within the British political and military establishment and from pro-British forces in Ireland. Our arrest in Colombia has been used by these and other elements to further undermine the peace process. Elements in the Colombian military and the political establishment have fed lies and misinformation to the media to serve their own interests. The Embassy of the United States cannot escape criticism for its role in this affair. Their so-called forensic evidence against us is fraudulent and misleading. I wish to directly refute the evidence given by Captain Pulido. At no stage did I speak with this man. At the airport I was not asked for my passport nor was I asked my name at the time of my arrest. Captain Pulido's testimony is wrong. In conclusion, I wish to thank my family and friends, the legal and political observers who have traveled great distances to help us, and everyone involved in the Bring Them Home campaign. Bonass. On Tuesday morning, the international delegation of observers visited the three men in La Modela jail in Bogota: :. The delegation had a meeting with the Director and Deputy director of the jail and raised concerns with them about the men's security. Caitriona Ruane said it was a very useful meeting. We infonned thcin that we feel that there is no safe jail in Colombia for these three men given the high profile nature of this case, she said. We also expressed concern about their seen- rity on route to the court. The observers were infonned at the meeting that a few hours prior to their visit, three pistols, three grenades, 162 rounds of ammunition and ten mobile phones were found. Niall Connolly rang me at 6.30pm and infonned me that an inmate had been stabbed this afternoon on one of the wings, said Ruane. It was during their visit that the TV news reported General Mora made his prejudicial comments, calling for the conviction of the three accused. This is absolutely disgraceful. Where is the presumption of innocence of these three men? asked Ruane. It is impossible for them to get a fair trial. The reason he is making these comments is to pressurize the judge. She said the delegation was requesting an urgent meeting with Colombian President Uribe. Andrews pledged as a member of the European Parliament to bring the events of the trial to the attention of the European Parliament. In addition, he said he would be bringing up the matter by way of resolution to the Foreign Affairs Committee of the European Parliament at the earliest opportunity. He said he would be raising the issue with the Italian presidency. In view of the fact that Ireland will hold the presidency beginning 1 January 2004, we will collectively as a group be seeking a meeting with the Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs, Brian Cowen, he said. Closing defense arguments will mark the end of the trial this week, but it is expected to be some weeks before a verdict is delivered. I have been interested in Latin America and the politics of the region since the 1980s. While living in Cuba I was able to gain employment and put my knowledge of Spanish and ment had given political status to the FARC. Observers from around the world came to learn and to offer solidarity in the search for peace with social justice. I was motivated by my Declaration ofNiall Connolly English to good use. I worked as a translator. On occasion, as the court has heard in evidence, I was employed as a guide for visiting politicians and media. I became active in political mobilization against the British political and military occupation of part of Ireland in the 1980s. In particular, I was influenced by the hunger strike in 1981 when ten Irish prisoners died in a British prison. I participated in campaigns and protests during this period. I support Sinn Fein and wherever I was, at home or abroad, I made myself available to promote the aims of Sinn F6in. I am a supporter of the Irish peace process and the efforts of leaders like Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness who arc striving to bring about a lasting peace with social justice. I visited Ireland regularly. During one of my visits home I got to know Jim Monaghan. Jim was aware of my work in Latin America and was eager to hear my experiences. While in Dublin in early desire to sec firsthand another 2001 I met with Jim and a number process of conflict resolution in of other people including Martin motion. 1 believed that an historic McCauley, who had been opportunity had been created involved in discussions about between the government and the conflict situations and conflict insurgents in one of the oldest resolution processes around the conflicts in Latin America. I hope world. that a new process of reconcilia- As a result of this meeting I don with social justice will dcvcl- agreed to undertake a trip to P in 'he future in Colombia. Colombia with Jim and Martin. I When we were arrested by had traveled with Jim previously die Colombian military there and my knowledge of Spanish were no warrants for our deten- was a primary reason for asking tion. me to accompany them. It became clear that false and I have experienced first hand irresponsible information was the reconciliation process in being leaked by the British Nicaragua and El Salvador. 1 have Embassy. I was described as a followed the peace process in member of the IRA. I have never Guatemala. I have an interest in been arrested or questioned about the Colombian peace process such an allegation. It is false. I am along with other issues that effect not a member of the IRA. politics in Latin America. When The intervention of officials we visited Colombia, the country from the US Embassy in the tak- was trying, through dialogue ing of the forensic samples and between the government and the the subsequent media leaks from Revolutionary Armed Forces of both the US and British embassies Colombia to define positions that were an attempt to damage and would be used as the foundation for a peace process. The govern- continued on page 11 rf/TlgrmifTlfltfJ Ji/ /firf///nVi)l//Kfi/N + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e3ecf2dfe --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ + + + + 1974-11-16 Irish People + Irish people (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + 1974-11-16 + “The voice of Irish Republicanism in America” + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + 2014-08-11 + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + 5063 + + 2014-08-12 + 2014-08-12 + + 5064.cpd + /IP/supp/5063/index.pdf + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5063 + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:80/cdm/ref/collection/IP/id/5063 + + + page1 + 5044 + + thumbnail + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5044 + + + access + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5044 + + + master + + + THE i RISH The Fools, The Fools, They Have Left Us Our Fenian Dead And While Ireland Holds These Graves, Ireland Unfree Will Never Be At Peace...': Padraic Pearse. VOL. II NO. 46 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16,1974 ;. * x-sr.1 8.00 PER YEAR 15 CENTS 10 PENCE UNERAL Unarmed Man Shot By British Thugs The Tricolour-draped coffin, with a black beret placed on top, bearing the remains of Gerard Coney leaving the home of his parents. and seeing a number of boys. He also saw soldiers on a hillside nearby. Some of the boys approached a van and a shot rang out. The man who was subsequently killed ran down the road away from the soldiers for about . 75 yards with his arms in the air. Another shot rang out and the man fell. The eyewitness did not see a gun at any stage by those who attempting to hijack the van. Fennell's widow, Norah, who is expecting another child in the New Year, said: We had been in England but came home a year ago. The only job Gerry could get was in Whiterock industrial estate. But he had been off sick this week. Mrs. Fennell's mother, Mrs. Winnie Pollock, said: I got to the scene of the shooting just as they were putting Gerry in the ambulance. I went with him. In the ambulance I opened his Continued on Page 3 A young Belfastman, shot in the hip by British troops at the scene of an attempted hijacking in the Twinbrook area, was fatally wounded by another bullet in the back as he ran with his hands raised to show he was unarmed, relatives said. He was identified as 27-year-old Mr. Gerard Fennell, of Broom Park, Twinbrook, married with a seven-year-old daughter, Sharon. The shooting happened about 200- yards from his home-at the junction of Stewartstown Road and Summerhill Road and the shots came from a nearby hillside manned by soldiers. They claimed that Mr. Fennell was 'an armed hijacker' and was shot dead when he turned his gun on them. According to the military, troops had stopped another man removing his gun after he was hit. But the driver of the van involved in the hijack attempt maintained, later, that the man who spoke to him and told him to drive his vehicle across the road was not armed. Another eye-witness also insisted that, at no stage in the hijack, did he see anyone with guns. A British Army statement alleged the man they shot was holding a gun to the head of the van driver. He was challenged twice and then he pointed his gun at the soldiers. The troops opened fire and the man was seen to drop. He then got up-still holding his gun-and went to take cover behind the van, the military statement went on. Father Eamonn Magee, of St. Luke's, Twinbrook, said last night he had spoken to the driver of the van within minutes of the shooting. The driver told him, specifically that the man who spoke to him and asked him to drive the vehicle across the road was not armed. The driver had said: I could swear he had no gun. Father Magee said he had questioned the driver carefully on the point. There had been another man present at the van, but the driver could not say whether he was in possession of a gun. Another eye witness told of looking out the window of his home Hunger Strike Protest By Republican Priso mors The thousands of mourners who attended the funeral near Coalisland this week of Long Kesh escapee, Hugh Gerard Coney, heard that other Republican prisoners in the concentration camp had started a hunger strike in protest against the conditions under which they had to live. This was revealed at the graveside, by Co. Tyrone Sinn Fein chairman, Mr. Aidan Corrigan, when he read a letter which he said had been smuggled out of the jail, the previous day, by a Co. Tyrone prisoner. He asked me, said Mr. Corrigan, to tell you of the insufferable, inhuman conditions and indignities which the men in Long Kesh have to suffer. He said that one group had already gone on hunger strike and that others would follow suit. Continued on Page 4 ON SATURDAY NOV. 16 A PROTEST PICKET WILL BE HELD OUTSIDE THE OFFICES OF BRITISH AIRWAYS IN N.Y. TO PROTEST INTERNMENT OF IRISH MEN AND WOMEN IN BRITISH JAILS TIME: 2 TO 6 p.m. Upwards of 8,000 people attended the funeral of Hugh Gerard Coney, the 24-year-old Annaghmore (Coalisland) man who was shot dead by British troops during Wednesday morning's escape attempt by Republican detainees from Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Coney, who was described in death notices as a lieutenant in the East Tyrone Command of the Provisional I.R.A., was buried with full military honours in St. Patrick's Cemetery, Clonoe, a mile from his home. The coffin, which was draped with the Tricolour and a football jersey of Clonoe G.F.C., of which he was a member, was borne for a quarter-mile from his home on the shoulders of fellow team-mates and members of the Republican movement. A guard of honour of Fianna Eireann and Clonoe G.F.C. marched on both sides of the hearse to St. Patrick's Church. The remains were received by Rev. Patrick Coyle, C.C., and Rev. Father Joachim, O.F.M., one of the chaplains at Long Kesh, and the priest who administered the Last Rites to Mr. Coney at the time of his death. Speaking during Requiem Mass Father Coyle said they were there to extend their sympathy to James and Kitty Coney, the parents of the dead man, and to his brothers and sisters. He added: We in this parish have over the past few years prayed at Mass for peace and justice for all of Ireland. In the days ahead, we will continue to do so, and we will remember the deceased in our prayers. Following the Requiem Mass, Mr. Coney was interred in the adjoining cemetery, where, following the sounding of the Last Post, men in para-military uniforms fired a volley of shots over the grave. In a graveside oration Seamus Loughran of Belfast, an ex-internee, said he prayed that the body of Gerard Coney would be the last one to be brought from the hell-hole of Long Kesh. He added: We have a duty to do all in our power to bring about the closure of Long Kesh and an end to internment . Mr. Loughran, Sinn Fein organiser in Belfast, said that, next to love of God came love of one's country, and nowhere more so than in Ireland had this proved true. It's truly a noble thing to die for one's country, he said. It's one thing to give one's life in the heat of battle. It's an entirely different thing to dedicate your life in pursuit of what you believe in, an ideal that you know can, and Con tinued on Page 3 Provos Hi-jack British Army Mail The Provisional IRA in Belfast on Monday claimed that they were studying a haul of British Army documents seized jn a mail van hold-up near the military headquarters in the North last week. Included in the haul, said the IRA, were letters to girl friends, wives and relatives from soldiers detailing army life the general theme of which was that complete demoralisation of the British soldier in Ireland. The IRA said that the mail bags also contained 10,000 in cash, together with money order payments to informers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army, confidential military documents, details of undercover cars and by plain clothes patrols, lists of deserters and absentees, and the names and addresses of UDR personnel. In a statement the IRA said: The Belfast Brigade intend to act immediately on the considerable amount of information obtained. The R.U.C. confirmed that five armed men had hi-jacked a Post Office van near Bridge Street car park in Lisburn at 6:30 p.m. last Friday. A police spokesman said that the van and its crew were driven to a side road four miles away near Hillsborough. There the raiders took several mail bags from the van and left the crew with the vehicle. The exact number of mail bags taken was not disclosed. The Army made no comment on the incident. Along with their statement on the raid, the I.R.A. released photostat copies of military documents, some of which were stamped restricted. The statement said: On Friday, November 1, 1974, in a well co-ordinated and selective operation, an intelligence unit of the Belfast Brigade captured mail belonging to the British Army. Then the IRA listed 11 items, beginning with letters from soldiers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army and lists of deserters and absentees. One item was money orders (Giros) made payable to individuals from all areas of the Six Counties. The IRA said: From this we now have a clear picture of who is supplying the British Army with information. Other items mentioned were: confidential military documents regarding a conference relating to the building of Long Kesh; confidential military documents to all police stations; a list containing names and addresses of UDR personnel; a list of male and female applicants for the UDR and other security forces together with details of referees, and letters from people in the 26 Counties stating that they wished to join the British Army. The IRA said that the details of undercover cars included tax books and details of car number plates. The Army admitted that some mail from soldiers was probably in the bags seized by the I.R.A., but it denied that any confidential documents were in the sacks. A spokesman, said: Anything of a sensitive nature would go through the British Forces Post or via a special courier. + + + page1 + Irish people (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + + “The voice of Irish Republicanism in America” + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + IrishPp1974-11-16-001_page1.tif + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + + page2 + 5045 + + thumbnail + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5045 + + + access + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5045 + + + master + + + CM LU LU North's Jail Riots Cost 2 Million Mmm iM Mm Damage estimated at nearly 2 million was caused in the Northern Ireland Concentration Camp and Jail riots two weeks ago, the Secretary of State Merlyn Rees told the British House of Commons on October 30th. He said the damage done at Long Kesh would cost one and a half million pounds, while that at Magilligan Camp amounted to over two hundred thousand pounds. He did not give any estimate for the repairs of Crumlin Road or Armagh Prison. Mr. Rees appeared to hint at new measures for the separation of detainees and convicted prisoners, saying that he hoped to make a statement shortly. He was unforthcoming on the question of building a new permanent prison in Northern Ireland, a project which would take several years. It is known that after Direct Rule was first imposed in 1972, it was proposed to build a new prison at Magilligan but this was rejected on a number of grounds, including the proximity to the Republic. Mr. Rees said that more than a thousand internees and detainees took part in the Long Kesh riot and that in the circumstances it was remarkable that there were so few casualties . ARROGANT CLAIM BY REES REFUTED Many men who were injured in the riots are still incarcerated in Long Kesh and have not been hospitalised them it proved ineffective because of the wind direction. They claim that the helicopters were then ordered to fly low and spread the gas among the internees by the action of the helicopter rotor blades. This particular type of gas had not so far been used anywhere else in the world and in the U.S. tests carried out with the gas on rabbits showed that high concentration can cause permanent damage to the eyes. It replaces the old CS gas and caused much greater discomfort and irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. INTERNEES BOYCOTTSECRET COMMISSION HEARINGS As part of a continuing strategy to make the system of detention without trial unworkable, the 450 Republican detainees at Long Kesh Concentration Camp have decided to boycott the secret commission hearings held inside the Camp to review detainees' cases. The boycott becomes effective immediately, according to Mrs. Maire Drumm, Vice-President of Provisional Sinn Fein, in Belfast on October 30th. The secret courts would not be used again because they had been proved to be a farce' The decision of the Republican detainees to boycott the commission hearings, which recommenced this week after a two-week break following the camp burning, means that commissioners will have to decide whether or not to review cases in the absence of detainees. It is or given any treatment despite the expected that they will, in fact, do so. seriousness of their injuries. It is now Just over 250 detainees have been clear that at least four hundred released in ones and twos by the detainees and internees were injured commissioners since December 1973, and many of these are still sleeping on wnen they began their hearings inside the ground under sheets of polythene. th? camP- 1*ne commissioners accept The internees have also stated that ev,dence at the hearings from when the British Army was sent into numbers of the security forces the Camp to punish the men, the h dden behind curtains. British Officers commanding them Mrs- Drumm sa'd that the decision were unable to control or restrain had Deen taken before Mr. Rees made their own soldiors, and afterwards h,s atement on Long Kesh and was were heard to refer to their mens' not ,n anV way a retaliation. She behaviour by calling them animal exPected that the 30 female detainees bastards . at Arma h Prison would follow the REES TRIES STARVATION example of the detainees in Long TO BREAK REBELLION There were also widespread tions that Mr. Rees was using starvation to try to break the rebellion against internment in Long Kesh. We publish here an accurate account of the food distributed to the men for the five days after the burning of the Camp. Wednesday October 16th - No Food. Thursday October 17 - One round of bread and one cup of milk Friday October 18th-Two rounds of bread and one cup of milk. Saturday October 19th - One cup of porridge and one cup of stew. Sunday October 20th - One cup of stew. BRhlSH ARMY USED CRGASIN LONG KESH There is no doubt that the British Army, used the new and more lethal CR gas for the first time in Northern Ireland in Long Kesh on October 15th. This new item in the Army riot control stock was approved by the Defence Ministry almost a year ago, but until two weeks ago, it was authorised for use only at Long Kesh. Prisoners, who are used to the effects of CS gas, claim that a new, more irritating and paralysing agent was used on them. Internees also claim that when the first batch of CR gas was used on Knights Of Equity Convention In Buffalo Dennis O'Reilly of Rochester, New York, was elected Supreme Sir Knight of the Knights of Equity at the 79th annual convention held at Buffalo, New York. O'Reilly recently retired as Deputy Fire Chief after serving 33 years with the Rochester Fire Department. Cork born he came to this Country in 1929 married and remained in Rochester since. He is the father of seven children. John Bolsinger of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was elected Supreme Vice Sir Knight. Other elected were: Kenneth Power, secretary; Martin Schail, treasurer; Norman Fox, lecturer; Trustees are, John Marren, Daniel Clifford, Raymond McKelvy, Alfred Pedro, Michael Walsh, James Parks, and Bernard McClinchey. Reverend Thomas R. Bartley was reappointed Supreme Chaplain. Marion K. McMahon was elected national president of the Daughters of Erin the auxiliary to the Knights of Equity. Continued on Page 18 IK The end of the escape tunnel, just outside the perimeter An i-i +a ** lt; .* gt; . I I cnnmo +n nr rtn n + ltnv o r-i I fence. An internee was shot dead by British troops during rioting at Long Kesh camp following a break-out by Republican detainees early Tuesday. A Catholic chaplain who was in the camp said CS. gas was being used on the prisoners. He said he had seen at least 12 men spreadeagled against a compound wire and being beaten by troops. All of them were covered in blood, he said. Government sources said that 20 Republican detainees had escaped from the camp shortly after midnight. Eighteen of them were re-captured and a full-scale search was going on for the other two. A spokesman said a tunnel had been discovered in the camp during a search after the escape. Meanwhile conditions at the camp were described as shocking by an all-party delegation of Assemblymen who visited it. Members of the delegation, who inspected the camp on the invitation of the North's Secretary of State, Mr. Merlyn Rees, expressed fears that the camp might be burned down again if it were rebuilt. Rev. Ian Paisley, D.U.P. leader, who led the loyalist group, said the conditions were really sub-human and the S.D.L.P. delegation, consisting of Mr. Paddy O'Hanlon, Chief Whip, and Messrs. Desmond Gillespie, and Michael Canavan, said that the conditions were 100 times worse than they had imagined. Mr. Gillespie said last night there OGLAIGH NkhEIRE/VNN seems to be no other solution but to end internment and get rid of this place. These men have reached such a state of desperation that we were told that even if the camp is rebuilt, it would very likely be burned down again , he said. Mr. Gillespie said: We saw a meal being delivered to the loyalist compound in tin containers. It consisted of beef-burgers or sausage rools swimming in gravy and nothing else. The men refused to eat it and were existing on their food parcels. I got a list of complaints from Gusty Spence, the loyalist leader, which said Governor Truesdale should be sacked and protested that the men had neither light, heat nor hot water. The S.D.L.P. delegation said that because of orders most of the republican prisoners refused to meet them but they had chatted to some of them and learned of conditions which were really indescribable. Rev. Ian Paisley said that in the loyalist compound the conditions were sub-human he said. There was neither light nor heat and at night men were using candles. One toilet was so flooded that waders would be needed to use it. In one hut with 80 men, some were sleeping on soaking mattresses while others were lying on springs stretched across the hut. The Loyalist prisoners, he said, were refusing the food as a protest and were living on bread and tea and a quarter pound of margarine per day. r i UNITED BROOKLYN IRISH BAYRIDGE-FLATBUSH IRISH NORTHERN AID UNITS CHRISTMAS BENEFIT DANCE (or the Oppressed People of N.E. Ulster NOVEMBER 30th 1974 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Cummings Bros American Legion Hall 4516 Avenue D, Brooklyn, N.Y. 2 bottles par table of 10 Free Beer Donation 7.50 Co-Chairmen: E. Gallagher j. Toolan For Reservations and Directions Call: J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550or M.McNicholl 212-469-9874 A. Cusick 451-0819 PATODOrai THE FENIAN AVENGER EXECUTED NOVEMBER 17*mzm. Bishops Again Betray Their People WE NEEDTHEM Last week saw two bishops again calling for support for the British forces in Ireland. Both bishops spoke on the same day (October 22) and both condemned what they called terrorism. The Catholic Bishop of Down and Connor (which includes Belfast), Dr. William Philbin, is a noted Conservative and upholder of the church-state alliance. On October 22nd, he gave yet another speech in favour of British power, when he urged Catholics to help the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. He said that everybody must show their revulsion towards the dominance of the organised terrorist. Certain groups in Northern Ireland Dr. Philbin said, Have by now, ensured that our generation will be marked in history by the stigma of organised savagery. We shall be known for developments that have been destructive and evil-the introduction into society of new kinds of atrocities and of inhuman ruthlessness in their execution. As one phase of barbarity abates, another unfailingly takes its place the Bishop went on. The bishop was not referring here to the savagery of the R.U.C. Special Branch and S.A.S. murder squads. He continued, in fact, to plead for support for these: Only the agencies of security are in a position to establish the peace and order we all need and desire, and to avert the growing degeneracy of our society. If we need them, as we do, daily and nightly, we have also a duty to help them . Dr. Philbin made no attempt to conceal his hatred for revolutionaries, and his love for tyrants. Who in God's name needs torturers and murderers daily and nightly The bishop continued with his references to Satan, whom he believes to be behind the principles of freedom and the rights of man. Enough of evil has emanated from among our numbers-just now, our most urgent need is to counter the widespread corruption of our children by agents of Satan . Perhaps the most suitable answer to this pervertion of principle and religion was given by a Republican paper published in the impoverished and crucified ghettoes of Belfast: The peoples' conscience are clear-who clothed the naked, sheltered the homeless and gave succour to the oppressed? ANGRY REACTION IN BELFAST In a front page article Belfast's Andersonstown News accused the bishop of urging people to turn informer . It also accused Dr. Philbin of remaining silent on the fate of the Long Kesh internees . The paper says there has been angry reaction n the Andersonstown area over the bishop's statement, and claims that local community leaders are concerned that the church is giving approval to the operation of plain clothes squads of S.A.S. and R.U.C. men . The paper also said that after the intervention of Catholic clergy, barricades were taken down in the Lower Falls in 1969 and four people were later killed in a battle with security forces after police and troops raided houses. BUCHANAN LASHES OUT On the same day as Dr. Philbin spoke the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, Dr. Alan Buchanan, himself a former British soldier, made a similar speech. Dr. Buchanan said that it must be recognised that most bloodshed in the country was caused by irishmen . He also called on people in the South to do more in supporting the security forces on both sides of the border . He also stated he believed that we, as a people, could do far more to support Con tinued on Page 18 + + + page2 + Irish people (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + + “The voice of Irish Republicanism in America” + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + IrishPp1974-11-16-002_page2.tif + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + + page3 + 5046 + + thumbnail + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5046 + + + access + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5046 + + + master + + + (esh Loyalists Threaten Hunger Stele To De; The trouble-torn Long Kesh Concentration Cam was simmering on the verge of yet another crisis as more than 230 Loyalist prisoners vowed to go on a mass hunger strike to the death at midnight to protest at the sub-human conditions in the Loyalist compounds. The men, who are all UVF and Red Hand prisoners, have taken their action as part of an escalating UVF plan that follows the massive protest in the North when the Loyalist caused widespread disruption with more than 70 hoax bomb scares in 'hijacked vehicles. Another 200 Loyalist prisoners in Long Kesh, who belong to the UDA, are to decide whether or not they will join the hunger strike. A spokesman for the UVF prisoners in Belfast said that they have been refusing food from prison authorities for two weeks and have been surviving on food parcels brought in from outside. Many of them are ill because of the conditions, which have been aggravated since the Republicans burned down 80 of the camp last month. The only difference between Long Kesh and a Nazi concentration camp is that mass graves are not being Funeral Attended Continued from Page 1 pro bably will, cost you your life. The dice was loaded against the Republican movement, Mr. Loughran added, in terms of British Army strength and Britain's misuse of the law and involvement in torture, degredation and murder. Yet this choice of martyrdom has been accepted in every generation of our race, and great and noble souls have flung themselves into conflict, only to be crushed under the heels of the invader. Yet, again and again, rose the dominant need to be Irish and to be seen to be Irish and to fight for all that is truly Christian in the way of justice. Mr. Loughran went on: Love of Ireland could be said to be a love of death, but her children have never failed to answer the call to arms. They have never ceased to love her. Hugh Coney's name was now joined with those of Pearse and Barry, he said. Demanding the ending of internment, Mr. Loughran said: Our people must not be left to fight alone. There are many thousands of Ireland's sons and daughters abroad. They must also get into the fight. It's a fight for national emancipation. Realise your mighty strength. Together, we can accomplish what we please. Use it now for there is only one ending-success and the triumph of right and justice over iniquity and wrong. The dead man's parents, James and Christmas Dance. For Irish Relief Under a banner of United Brooklyn Irish the Bayridge and Flatbush units of Irish Northern Aid are scheduling a joint affair to raise fundsforthe common goal The thoughts of the Irish people suffering through another Christmas of deprivation are spurning their efforts to raise funds to be turned over in time to aid the families of prisoners in North East Ireland prior to Christmas. The joint Committee is comprised of: Evelyn and Bill Gallagher, Patrick Biesty, Pat Riordan and James Smith of Bayridge Unit. Kate and John Toolan, Mary Cunningham, Ann Cusick, Mary and Pat McNicholl, Pat Mullin and Inge and Sean Toner of the Flatbush Unit. The affair will be 'held at Cummings Bros. American Legion Post, 4516, Ave. D. Brooklyn on November 30th, 1974 from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Two bottles per table of ten plus set ups. The donation is 7.50. For table reservations call J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550 or A. Cusick 451-0819, M. McNicholl 469-9874. dug outside the wire, Loyalist Assemblyman Mr. Hugh Smyth said at the weekend. According to Mr. Smyth, 80 of the Loyalist prisoners were suffering from 'flu, or a severe cold. Because of the deterioration in the conditions of the men, due to the failure of the prison authorities and the Government to act, the prisoners had decided on the hunger strike as the only way to decent conditions. The strike would continue to the death, or until the authorities took action. It was later, reported that the Loyalist prisoners are to be moved to rebuilt accomodation in the compound. The UVF, meanwhile, has decided not to contest next year's election for the Northern Ireland Convention, while its recently formed political wing, the Volunteer Party, has dropped plans for a direct challenge for parliamentary influence. Instead, the UVF intends to restrict its political activity to that of a ginger group. Members will be encouraged to join other right-wing Unionist parties as long as this does not interfere with their duties as members of the UVF. Kitty Coney, and his girl friend Eilish McSloy followed the coffin along with his brothers, Jim and Frank, and sisters Collette and Noelle, from the family home, a short distance outside Coalisland, to St. Patrick's Church, Clonoe. Wreaths from relatives and many Republican organisations were laid on the grave. During the funeral a British army helicopter flew overhead, and roads leading to Coalisland were manned by R.U.C. and British troops. Coalisland came to a standstill and black flags were hung at windows and street corners. Businesses closed down in many Republican areas as a mark of respect and sympathy demonstrations attracted large crowds in Belfast, Derry and Newry. Vehicles were hijacked and set on fire in the Dungannon area. As a result of one hijacking, an hotel function planned for pensioners in Ballygawley estate had to be cancelled. British Thugs Continued from Page 1 shirt and I could see he had been shot in the back right through the heart. I was told, earlier, that soldiers were lying behind trees on high ground overlooking the new road at Wandleside factory. They were just waiting for an innocent victim to walk out of Twinbrook estate. I was told by a person who saw the shooting that Gerry had just asked the driver to put the van across the road when there was a shot. Gerry fell, shot through the hip and, as he went down, he raised his hands to show that he had n,o weapon. - Then, there was another shot-the one in the back that killed him. They say it was a 'black' soldier who shot Gerry. 'OFFICER'CLAIM A man who claimed to be speaking on behalf of the 1st Battalion, Belfast Brigade, Provisional I.R.A. said Fennell was an officer in their G Company. The spokesman said he was murdered in cold blood. We have been expecting reprisals against our volunteers after our successful operations over the past few days, he added. ii fgi ira On Friday evening November 1st 1974 a capacity crowd was on hand at Gaelic Park Casino to pay tribute to Mario Biaggi. Congressman Biaggi a strong vocal supporter of Ireland's right to freedom and self rule arrived at 11 p.m. with his gracious wife Marie and their lovely daughter. A standing ovation was accorded the Guest of Honor as he entered the Casino with his family. Congressman Biaggi, who has been long deserving of this Irish Night due to his constant speaking out in Congress on behalf of our war torn homeland, mingled and introduced his family to the packed house. On opening the evenings ceremonies, Inwood Irish Northern Aid Chairman, Mike Meehan presented a plaque to Margaret Clancy Muldoon, a recently married colleen from County Leitrim, for the dedication and outstanding services to the cause of Irish Freedom over the past three years. Guest Speaker Sister St. Hugh, editor of The Irish People Newspaper was then introduced to the receptive gathering. Sister spoke on Biaggi's loyalty to Ireland and to the Irish community in this country. It would be an insult to Mr. Biaggi , said Sister St. Hugh, if we even attempted to list the times and the occasions when Congressman Biaggi took a stand on behalf of the people of Ireland. According to Sister St. Hugh, no page is large enough to contain the number of occasions of dedicated service Mr. Biaggi has rendered to Ireland and to the Irish and Irish American people in the United States. In concluding Sister St. Hugh presented Congressman Biaggi with a plaque on behalf of The Irish People. Biaggi again received a standing ovation. In presenting the plaque Sister St. Hugh said she had one sorrow and that was that she was not presenting it to him as the mayor of New York City. We know one thing for sure, if Mr. Biaggi was the mayor of New York City we wouldn't have British double decker buses coming into the city next July . Overwhelmed with the applause and the introduction Mr. Biaggi stepped forward holding the plaque and with pride glistening in his eyes he thanked the people who placed so much trust and hope in him. ht A Huge Success en CD CO Sr. St. Hugh makes a presentation to Congressman Biaggi. Somehow or other, Mr. Biaggi said, when the picture of Ireland was being painted somewhere along the line the brush of justice never touched that little island and ever since it has been the victim of British oppression . Calling on the Irish people to unite Mr. Biaggi pointed out that politicians must be made to believe that the Irish issue will be politically profitable to them otherwise he said, your representatives will not take a stand for your cause . He pointed out that there are only six Greek Congressmen in Congress yet they were able to hold up Congress until aid was given to the 600,000 Greeks in Cyprus. What , he asked are your fifty-two Irish-American Congressmen doing for you? The final speaker of the evening was Father Vallaley who had just arrived from County Tyrone. The good Father related many stories on the atrocities that have become an everyday occurrence in Ireland's six occupied counties, and pleaded for total support of Irish Northern Aid as this organization would ultimately be responsible for driving the British Government and Troops out of Ireland. Prior to singing the National Anthems Bob McCann asked for support of the Baltimore Four, now laying in U.S. Federal Prisons because they chose to help our Freedom Fighters in Ireland. This Inwood Irish Northern Aid sponsored Tribute under the chairmanship of Tyrone's Sean McGonnell and his committee of Pat Brian Clarke, Danny McElroy, Kevin Duffy, Vera Baker, Brendan Heagney, Jim Touhy, Mike Marion Loftus and Carmel Costelloe did an excellent job in catering to the large crowd. As the evening came to an end Mike Meehan presented a check for 3,500.00 to the U.S. Representative, Irish Northern Aid Matt Higgins to be used in buying warm clothing for the Irish men and women now interned in various concentration camp.s throughout Ireland. Inwood Vice Chairman Pat Clarke on left and Dance Chairman Sean McGonnell on right look on as presentation is made to Margaret Muldoon by Matt Higgins. r (212) 751-5470 Open 7 days a week L O'LUN NET'S 915 2nd Ave. N.Y.C. (betw. 48th 49th) Live Country Music And Dancing MODERN COUNTRY MUSIC Monday Through Saturday BLUE GRASS EVERY SUNDAY FOOD SERVED and BOOM AVAILABLE FOB PABTIES 1 J Shannon Travel Service, Inc. 75-24 37th Ave., Jackson Heights, N.Y. 11372 212-639-0667 or 212-639-7530. We Fill All Your Travel Needs - Domestic And Internationally Air-Cruises-HotelsTcurs-Packages-Youth Fairs, Etc. 8-Day Specials To Europe Patrick J. Neville, ?idie McManus, Joseph Whalen + + + page3 + Irish people (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + + “The voice of Irish Republicanism in America” + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + IrishPp1974-11-16-003_page3.tif + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 1982-03-27 Irish People + Irish People (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + 1982-03-27 + "The voice of Irish Republicanism in America" + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + 2014-11-05 + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + 8168 + + 2014-11-11 + 2014-11-11 + + 8169.cpd + /IP/supp/8168/index.pdf + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8168 + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:80/cdm/ref/collection/IP/id/8168 + + + page1 + 8153 + + thumbnail + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8153 + + + access + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8153 + + + master + + + Twenty-Five Cents 12.00 per year people U.S.P.S. 070-77t 3 rt ma of mm mmueaiusM M AMSMCA Volume XI Number 12 March 27, 1982 ILIIMiEl ENDS VISIT The whirlwind American tour won by newly elected Free State head Charles Haughey along with the election from Garret FitzGerald concluded last week amidst mixed reviews. New York The tour began in New York with a visit to the Economic Club, comprising prestigious corporate executives and businessmen. Here Haughey's appeal was for American investment into the Free State economy. Haughey asserted that the economy was on sound basis and nearing the end of recession. However, as Haughey spoke, the Punt or Irish Free State pound, fell under the o; and fifty cent mark. Haughey was questioned about the north and here in a statement which dramatically contrasted with his public utterances during his prior term in office, asserted that the principal obstacle in the north was the British guarantee to Loyalists... We will have no progress until that is removed. Haughey also announced that he believed that the Free State would soon become an exporter of oil After the address, Haughey visited St. Agnes Church on 43rd St., the site of the apartment building where Haughey's predecessor, Eamon de Valera, was baptized. Washington The newly re-elected Free State head then journeyed to Washington, DC. He attended a White House luncheon with several Congressmen, Secretary Charles Haughey of State Alexander Haig, and celebrities, including Maureen O'Hara. Haughey was called upon to make an exchange of toasts. Instead, he spoke at length, stating: There is much to be done. And the first thing is that Britain be encouraged to seek more positively and more actively a change in attitude and outlook which would pave the way for unity and so enable her final withdrawal from Ireland to take place with honor and dignity. Reagan President Reagan later asserted that the United States would not become involved in influencing Vritish policy in Ireland. This reaction was praised both by Margaret Thatcher and Ian Paisley's deputy Peter Robinson. Haughey's position varied dramatically from his rhetoric during his first administration, wherein his visits to America were marked by attacks upon Irish-American opposition to British rule. The remarks generated for Haughey widespread publicity in Ireland, where Haughey holds a tenuous majority that may bring a new election within the year and in which Haughey is expected to campaign by assuming a mantle of Irish nationalism while maintaining collaboration with the British. A member of the Ulster Defense Association convicted for the assassination in Larne in 1980 of Irish Independence Party co-founder, Protestant John Turnly, claimed in a Belfast court at the conclusion ofthe trial that he had been working for the British Army's SAS squad. Twenty-seven year old Ro- they were all members of the bert McConnell named uio two SAS soldiers whom he claimed supplied him with information and with weapons for the killing and who had discussions with him on Miriam Daly, Bernadette McAliskey and John Turnly, all of whom were shot by the UDA in 1980 and 1981 in attacks claimed under the cover- name, the Ulster Freedom Fighters. In his statement McConnell said that in or around the month of April 1980,1 was working as a fish salesman in the Larne area. I was stopped one day near Cushendall by a van containing a number of men. I became satisfied subsequently that SAS and I had dealings with them on that and a number of subsequent occasions through their leaders who were Sergeant Tom Aiken and Corporal Mc- Gow. He said that at their behest he placed a listening device in a bar in Cushendall, County Antrim, in which Sinn Fein vice- president Gerry Adams was allegedly attending a meeting. He continued: During a series of subsequent meetings with them (the SAS) they discussed with me Republican leaders and in particular Turnly, Miriam Daly and Bernadette McAliskey... Continued on pg. 13 The two hundred and twentieth St Patrick's Day Parade in New York, despite a chilling rain, attracted more than one hundred and ninety bands and tens of thousands of marchers. A dramatic escalation of Irish patriotism in this year's parade was a highlight of the day, led by an Irish Northern Aid contingent nearly one thousand strong. This contingent included Sean Sands, whose deceased brother Bobby Sands, MP, was unanimously named Honorary Grand Marshal by the Parade Committee. (See story page 10) + + + page1 + Irish People (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + + "The voice of Irish Republicanism in America" + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + IrishPP1982-03-27-001_page1.tif + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + + page2 + 8154 + + thumbnail + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8154 + + + access + http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:445/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8154 + + + master + + + 2 GAP*61 FITZGERALD'S EIGHT MONTHS AS FREE STATE PREMIER IS cu honesty mate lyinepti BY KEVIN BURKE GARRET FitzGerald's eight- month term of office as Free State premier, which ended in Leinster House on Tuesday, March 9th, was the shortest premiership in the history ofthe state. It ended with his credibility in tatters and his ineptitude exposed. In the dying hours of his government, on Monday night, the Fine Gael leader U-turned for the last time, uselessly abandoning the supposed sacrosanct strictures of his vicious budget on VAT, subsidies and taxation of social welfare in a final vain attempt to buy the necessary independent votes and win the all-important prize of power. And capital projects at Whitegateoil refinery, Arigna mines and Dublin's port and docks site were blithely promised at a cost which put the unmentionable Knock airport in the shade. If his political acumen before the January budget had matched his lust for power after it, the general election need not have taken place and he could still be in office today. HUNGER-STRIKE It was on June 30th last year that Garret FitzGerald's coalition government took over from that of Charles Haughey, who had, to all intents and purposes, lost the general election because of his inaction on the H Block hunger- strike. FitzGerald, in the first heady hours of office pinpointed the hunger-strike as his most urgent priority. Four hunger-strikers were already dead at that time; six more were to die. In the next days he held a meeting with the British ambassador, significantly veiled in secrecy. And his first meeting with the hunger- strikers' relatives on July 3rd, was lengthy, but already concentrating on persuading them to undermine the protest. But following the death of Joe McDonnell on July 8th, FitzGerald, raising the hunger- strike for the first time in Leinster House, placed the onus for tho deaths on the British government. He dispatched two of his senior ministers to London, and later called on United States president Ronald Reagan and the EEC to intervene. That was the high-point of his hunger-strike effort. Discovering that actions were needed to back up his words, he began to back off and by tho end of July was publicly attempting to wash his hands of tho crisis. His statements from then on laid the blame on the IRA leaden ship not the British government. In the middle of August, relatives of the hunger-strikers were forcibly removed from government buildings. ECONOMY Meanwhile, Garret FitzGerald was well into breaking his first set of economic electoral promises. From the beginning of his government's term the cry went up that things were much worse economically than he had imagined and in fact the state was on the verqe of bank ruptcy. His first budget in mid-July, with a plethora of punitive measures, signalled that the electoral goodies wore not going to be delivered. Two days after getting it through Leinster House he sought to silence criticism within his own party, and his coalition allies, the Labour Party, by declaring a long summer holiday for the parliament to the end of October. But throughout the summer the voices of protest, among his own supporters and the vital independents, grew louder, spurred on, as August drew to a close, by a speech from his right-wing Minister for Industry John Kelly, Garret FitzGerald's meeting with Margaret Thatcher in London in November last year brought more evidence of his political ineptitude and of his readinoss to collaborate likening social welfare recipients to 'cannibal piglets'. Almost continuous price increases fuelled the grumblings and in September when FitzGerald went to chop the Tuam sugar factory as part of his 'lame ducks' policy, the outcry forced him to retract. In November, forty thousand angry farmers marched on Dublin in piotest at their worsening economic conditions. FitzGerald turned his attention then to wage costs and, as the centralised pay-deal talks headed for collapse, launched a verbal attack on workers' living standards which was enthusiastically taken up by employers' organisations. But here again, there was disappointment with his big talk when, as the year closed, he agreed a public sector pay increase of 15 , which although well below inflation rates, was most displeasing to pnvate sector employers. CRUSADE Under pressure politically because of his inability to take any effective economic action, FitzGerald, in September, hit, partly by accident, on a handy diversion. With monumental hypocrisy, and with much pious reference to Tone and Davis, he launched what became known as his 'constitutional crusade'. Supposed to be a total reform of the Free State constitution of 1937, it was primarily aimed, not at lemoving social injustice in the South, but at wooing loyalists in the North. His concentration on the removal of Articles 2 and 3 from the constitution, which claim territorial jurisdiction over thirty-two counties, and Ins description of the Free State as sectarian, won him praise ftom Doth the former Vanguard leader, now Official Unionist, William Craig, and from the murderous Ulster Defence Association. With the hunger-strike over in October, FitzGerald felt the way cleai for more extended collaboration with Britain. A meeting with Northern direct-ruler James Prior in Dublin preceded a summit in London with British premier Margaret Thatcher on November 6th. LONDON Before FitzGerald went to London he was nicely set up by Charles Haughey, who claimed that out of the Anglo-Irish study groups, which he had himself instigated with Thatcher, would come great things including a three-tier Anglo- Irish Council which should be announced at the forthcoming meeting. FitzGerald returned from London with an Anglo-Irish Council which was merely a name stuck on the existing system of meetings between government leaders and civil servants. He did not have the third tier, much-vaunted by Haughey, of a council of parliamentary members from London and Dublin. In London, FitzGerald had been craven. Humiliated by Britain's contempt for its weak hunger-strike protests, and trumpeting abroad that his state was bankrupt, he cut a sorry figure. To win his way back into Britain's good books he promised further collaboration in the future by way of joint courts to include Northern judges to try political offences in the South and by allowing RUC men to interrogate suspects in Free State garda stations. Meanwhile, both sides agreed to give the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act a further try as an alternative to extradition, and by the end of his term in office FitzGerald had six of the Crumlin Road escapees imprisoned by the Dublin Special Court and the first Irishman in the same dock for political offences alleged to have taken place in England. Also, on the home front, legislation was being prepared to extend already repressive legislation, to end the right to bail, the right to silence in custody and further extend garda powers. CENSORSHIP But Garret FitzGerald will not just be remembered for his ardent collaboration with Britain nor for the viciousness of his economic measures in breach of his election promises. There were plenty of other memorable points which left his personal imprint on the office of Free State premier. Although a supposed liberal, he has nothing to show from his term to support this image. On the question of political censorship he displayed his attitude by the appointment of the hard-line Patrick Cooney as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. In August, he drew widespread criticism at home, and derision abroad, by banning the newly elected Westminster MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Owen Carron, from RTE. And in the January election FitzGerald's determination to silence his republican critics, inspired an extension on the ban on Sinn Fein, which backfired when the enabling legislation was ruled unconstitutional by a High Court judge. JOBBERY Among the few grateful admirers who FitzGerald will have won for his period as premier are the British agents, the Littlejohn brothers, and the loyalist bomber Norman Parkinson of the UDA, all of whom were freed early from Mountjoy prison. There are also several beneficiaries of his corrupt patronage in the form of highly- paid jobs in the government and civil service. During his short spell, an array of political appointments of this kind include several of his political cronies and their relatives, including his own son and daughter-in-law. Even in the dying days of his government the hypocrite who had previously denounced political jobbery made partisan appointments in the garda, the judiciary and to state bodies. Garret FitzGerald goes down as yet another Irish leader who has failed and betrayed his people. Eight months of Garret FitzGerald were more than enough. Dublin's Clemency for UDA Prisoner The surprise release from Mountjoy Prison of UDA man Frederick Parkinson has produced some criticism alleging that the same humanitarian concern is not extended to Republican prisoners on either side of the Border. Parkinson (37), the father of two children, was serving a 12- year sentence for an attempted firebomb blitz in Dublin. He was convicted of having incendiary devices and firearms in 1977. He would have been due for release in 1986 with full remission. But, following intervention on his behalf by various people and organizations, he has been given a full remission on humanitarian grounds on condition that he does not come back into the Free State. For much of his period in Mountjoy, Parkinson shared accommodations in the prison's basement with the Littlejohn brothers who were released last year, also on humanitarian grounds, with half their sentences still to serve. Among the organizations which worked for Parkinson's release was the Catholic lay organization, the Knights of St. Colum- banus. Among the individuals who helped were Bishop Com- iskey, one of Dublin's auxiliary Catholic bishops, and a Unionist former mayor of Belfast, John Carson. Carson became friendly with the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Fine Gael TD Fergus O'Brien, and last year they went on a joint tour of the United States. Carson admits that O'Brien opened up negotiations for him with the result that he met Dr. Garret FitzGerald and the then Minister for Justice, Jim Mitchell. James Eccles, until recently Supreme Knight in Ireland of the Knights of St. Columbanus, says that, together with Denis Maloney, also a Knight, and the solicitor who defended Parkinson, he visited him in prison on a number of occasions. Afterwards, they made representation to the Minister for Justice. At a press conference at UDA headquarters in Belfast, Parkinson praised the humanitarian policies of Fine Gael. They were the people who released me, and I am very grateful, he said. He added that he now regrets having gone into the Free State with the intention of doing damage. He had been treated well in prison and those Catholics and Protestants who had intervened to bring about his release contrasted starkly with certain Loyalist politicians whom he didn't name. He said that he would be remaining a member of the UDA. + + + page2 + Irish People (New York, N.Y. : 1972) + Irish People Inc. + + "The voice of Irish Republicanism in America" + Irish Americans – New York (State) – Newspapers; Irish – United States – Newspapers; Ireland – History – Indepdence and autonomy movements – Newspapers + 0888-3556 + IrishPP1982-03-27-002_page2.tif + Text + eng + + + http://www.ulib.iupui.edu/copyright + + IUPUI University Library + Irish People &lt;br&gt; http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + + Scanner: Konica Minolta PS7000C MKII, Archive view: 300 dpi tiff, Full view: 300 dpi jpg 2000 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.yml b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.yml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..dd3d4de19 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.yml @@ -0,0 +1,79 @@ +--- +:resource: MultiVolumeWork +:attributes: + :default: + state: final_review + viewing_direction: left-to-right + rights_statement: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/ + visibility: open + :local: + source_metadata_identifier: Irish People <br> http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu/cdm/search/collection/IP + viewing_direction: left-to-right +:source_metadata: +:thumbnail_path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5044 +:collections: [] +:volumes: +- :title: + - 1974-11-16 Irish People + :structure: + :nodes: + - :label: page1 + :proxy: page1 + - :label: page2 + :proxy: page2 + - :label: page3 + :proxy: page3 + :files: + - :id: page1 + :mime_type: image/jp2 + :attributes: + :title: + - page1 + :thumbnail: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5044 + :path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5044 + :file_opts: {} + - :id: page2 + :mime_type: image/jp2 + :attributes: + :title: + - page2 + :thumbnail: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5045 + :path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5045 + :file_opts: {} + - :id: page3 + :mime_type: image/jp2 + :attributes: + :title: + - page3 + :thumbnail: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5046 + :path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=5046 + :file_opts: {} +- :title: + - 1982-03-27 Irish People + :structure: + :nodes: + - :label: page1 + :proxy: page1 + - :label: page2 + :proxy: page2 + :files: + - :id: page1 + :mime_type: image/jp2 + :attributes: + :title: + - page1 + :thumbnail: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8153 + :path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8153 + :file_opts: {} + - :id: page2 + :mime_type: image/jp2 + :attributes: + :title: + - page2 + :thumbnail: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/thumbnail.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8154 + :path: http://indiamond6.ulib.iupui.edu:2012/cgi-bin/showfile.exe?CISOROOT=/IP&CISOPTR=8154 + :file_opts: {} +:sources: +- :title: + - Contentdm XML + :file: spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short.xml diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0afd6eadb --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +THE i RISH The Fools, The Fools, They Have Left Us Our Fenian Dead And While Ireland Holds These Graves, Ireland Unfree Will Never Be At Peace...': Padraic Pearse. VOL. II NO. 46 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16,1974 ;. * x-sr.1 8.00 PER YEAR 15 CENTS 10 PENCE UNERAL Unarmed Man Shot By British Thugs The Tricolour-draped coffin, with a black beret placed on top, bearing the remains of Gerard Coney leaving the home of his parents. and seeing a number of boys. He also saw soldiers on a hillside nearby. Some of the boys approached a van and a shot rang out. The man who was subsequently killed ran down the road away from the soldiers for about . 75 yards with his arms in the air. Another shot rang out and the man fell. The eyewitness did not see a gun at any stage by those who attempting to hijack the van. Fennell's widow, Norah, who is expecting another child in the New Year, said: We had been in England but came home a year ago. The only job Gerry could get was in Whiterock industrial estate. But he had been off sick this week. Mrs. Fennell's mother, Mrs. Winnie Pollock, said: I got to the scene of the shooting just as they were putting Gerry in the ambulance. I went with him. In the ambulance I opened his Continued on Page 3 A young Belfastman, shot in the hip by British troops at the scene of an attempted hijacking in the Twinbrook area, was fatally wounded by another bullet in the back as he ran with his hands raised to show he was unarmed, relatives said. He was identified as 27-year-old Mr. Gerard Fennell, of Broom Park, Twinbrook, married with a seven-year-old daughter, Sharon. The shooting happened about 200- yards from his home-at the junction of Stewartstown Road and Summerhill Road and the shots came from a nearby hillside manned by soldiers. They claimed that Mr. Fennell was 'an armed hijacker' and was shot dead when he turned his gun on them. According to the military, troops had stopped another man removing his gun after he was hit. But the driver of the van involved in the hijack attempt maintained, later, that the man who spoke to him and told him to drive his vehicle across the road was not armed. Another eye-witness also insisted that, at no stage in the hijack, did he see anyone with guns. A British Army statement alleged the man they shot was holding a gun to the head of the van driver. He was challenged twice and then he pointed his gun at the soldiers. The troops opened fire and the man was seen to drop. He then got up-still holding his gun-and went to take cover behind the van, the military statement went on. Father Eamonn Magee, of St. Luke's, Twinbrook, said last night he had spoken to the driver of the van within minutes of the shooting. The driver told him, specifically that the man who spoke to him and asked him to drive the vehicle across the road was not armed. The driver had said: I could swear he had no gun. Father Magee said he had questioned the driver carefully on the point. There had been another man present at the van, but the driver could not say whether he was in possession of a gun. Another eye witness told of looking out the window of his home Hunger Strike Protest By Republican Priso mors The thousands of mourners who attended the funeral near Coalisland this week of Long Kesh escapee, Hugh Gerard Coney, heard that other Republican prisoners in the concentration camp had started a hunger strike in protest against the conditions under which they had to live. This was revealed at the graveside, by Co. Tyrone Sinn Fein chairman, Mr. Aidan Corrigan, when he read a letter which he said had been smuggled out of the jail, the previous day, by a Co. Tyrone prisoner. He asked me, said Mr. Corrigan, to tell you of the insufferable, inhuman conditions and indignities which the men in Long Kesh have to suffer. He said that one group had already gone on hunger strike and that others would follow suit. Continued on Page 4 ON SATURDAY NOV. 16 A PROTEST PICKET WILL BE HELD OUTSIDE THE OFFICES OF BRITISH AIRWAYS IN N.Y. TO PROTEST INTERNMENT OF IRISH MEN AND WOMEN IN BRITISH JAILS TIME: 2 TO 6 p.m. Upwards of 8,000 people attended the funeral of Hugh Gerard Coney, the 24-year-old Annaghmore (Coalisland) man who was shot dead by British troops during Wednesday morning's escape attempt by Republican detainees from Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Coney, who was described in death notices as a lieutenant in the East Tyrone Command of the Provisional I.R.A., was buried with full military honours in St. Patrick's Cemetery, Clonoe, a mile from his home. The coffin, which was draped with the Tricolour and a football jersey of Clonoe G.F.C., of which he was a member, was borne for a quarter-mile from his home on the shoulders of fellow team-mates and members of the Republican movement. A guard of honour of Fianna Eireann and Clonoe G.F.C. marched on both sides of the hearse to St. Patrick's Church. The remains were received by Rev. Patrick Coyle, C.C., and Rev. Father Joachim, O.F.M., one of the chaplains at Long Kesh, and the priest who administered the Last Rites to Mr. Coney at the time of his death. Speaking during Requiem Mass Father Coyle said they were there to extend their sympathy to James and Kitty Coney, the parents of the dead man, and to his brothers and sisters. He added: We in this parish have over the past few years prayed at Mass for peace and justice for all of Ireland. In the days ahead, we will continue to do so, and we will remember the deceased in our prayers. Following the Requiem Mass, Mr. Coney was interred in the adjoining cemetery, where, following the sounding of the Last Post, men in para-military uniforms fired a volley of shots over the grave. In a graveside oration Seamus Loughran of Belfast, an ex-internee, said he prayed that the body of Gerard Coney would be the last one to be brought from the hell-hole of Long Kesh. He added: We have a duty to do all in our power to bring about the closure of Long Kesh and an end to internment . Mr. Loughran, Sinn Fein organiser in Belfast, said that, next to love of God came love of one's country, and nowhere more so than in Ireland had this proved true. It's truly a noble thing to die for one's country, he said. It's one thing to give one's life in the heat of battle. It's an entirely different thing to dedicate your life in pursuit of what you believe in, an ideal that you know can, and Con tinued on Page 3 Provos Hi-jack British Army Mail The Provisional IRA in Belfast on Monday claimed that they were studying a haul of British Army documents seized jn a mail van hold-up near the military headquarters in the North last week. Included in the haul, said the IRA, were letters to girl friends, wives and relatives from soldiers detailing army life the general theme of which was that complete demoralisation of the British soldier in Ireland. The IRA said that the mail bags also contained 10,000 in cash, together with money order payments to informers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army, confidential military documents, details of undercover cars and by plain clothes patrols, lists of deserters and absentees, and the names and addresses of UDR personnel. In a statement the IRA said: The Belfast Brigade intend to act immediately on the considerable amount of information obtained. The R.U.C. confirmed that five armed men had hi-jacked a Post Office van near Bridge Street car park in Lisburn at 6:30 p.m. last Friday. A police spokesman said that the van and its crew were driven to a side road four miles away near Hillsborough. There the raiders took several mail bags from the van and left the crew with the vehicle. The exact number of mail bags taken was not disclosed. The Army made no comment on the incident. Along with their statement on the raid, the I.R.A. released photostat copies of military documents, some of which were stamped restricted. The statement said: On Friday, November 1, 1974, in a well co-ordinated and selective operation, an intelligence unit of the Belfast Brigade captured mail belonging to the British Army. Then the IRA listed 11 items, beginning with letters from soldiers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army and lists of deserters and absentees. One item was money orders (Giros) made payable to individuals from all areas of the Six Counties. The IRA said: From this we now have a clear picture of who is supplying the British Army with information. Other items mentioned were: confidential military documents regarding a conference relating to the building of Long Kesh; confidential military documents to all police stations; a list containing names and addresses of UDR personnel; a list of male and female applicants for the UDR and other security forces together with details of referees, and letters from people in the 26 Counties stating that they wished to join the British Army. The IRA said that the details of undercover cars included tax books and details of car number plates. The Army admitted that some mail from soldiers was probably in the bags seized by the I.R.A., but it denied that any confidential documents were in the sacks. A spokesman, said: Anything of a sensitive nature would go through the British Forces Post or via a special courier. + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e5b448693 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +CM LU LU North's Jail Riots Cost 2 Million Mmm iM Mm Damage estimated at nearly 2 million was caused in the Northern Ireland Concentration Camp and Jail riots two weeks ago, the Secretary of State Merlyn Rees told the British House of Commons on October 30th. He said the damage done at Long Kesh would cost one and a half million pounds, while that at Magilligan Camp amounted to over two hundred thousand pounds. He did not give any estimate for the repairs of Crumlin Road or Armagh Prison. Mr. Rees appeared to hint at new measures for the separation of detainees and convicted prisoners, saying that he hoped to make a statement shortly. He was unforthcoming on the question of building a new permanent prison in Northern Ireland, a project which would take several years. It is known that after Direct Rule was first imposed in 1972, it was proposed to build a new prison at Magilligan but this was rejected on a number of grounds, including the proximity to the Republic. Mr. Rees said that more than a thousand internees and detainees took part in the Long Kesh riot and that in the circumstances it was remarkable that there were so few casualties . ARROGANT CLAIM BY REES REFUTED Many men who were injured in the riots are still incarcerated in Long Kesh and have not been hospitalised them it proved ineffective because of the wind direction. They claim that the helicopters were then ordered to fly low and spread the gas among the internees by the action of the helicopter rotor blades. This particular type of gas had not so far been used anywhere else in the world and in the U.S. tests carried out with the gas on rabbits showed that high concentration can cause permanent damage to the eyes. It replaces the old CS gas and caused much greater discomfort and irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. INTERNEES BOYCOTTSECRET COMMISSION HEARINGS As part of a continuing strategy to make the system of detention without trial unworkable, the 450 Republican detainees at Long Kesh Concentration Camp have decided to boycott the secret commission hearings held inside the Camp to review detainees' cases. The boycott becomes effective immediately, according to Mrs. Maire Drumm, Vice-President of Provisional Sinn Fein, in Belfast on October 30th. The secret courts would not be used again because they had been proved to be a farce' The decision of the Republican detainees to boycott the commission hearings, which recommenced this week after a two-week break following the camp burning, means that commissioners will have to decide whether or not to review cases in the absence of detainees. It is or given any treatment despite the expected that they will, in fact, do so. seriousness of their injuries. It is now Just over 250 detainees have been clear that at least four hundred released in ones and twos by the detainees and internees were injured commissioners since December 1973, and many of these are still sleeping on wnen they began their hearings inside the ground under sheets of polythene. th? camP- 1*ne commissioners accept The internees have also stated that ev,dence at the hearings from when the British Army was sent into numbers of the security forces the Camp to punish the men, the h dden behind curtains. British Officers commanding them Mrs- Drumm sa'd that the decision were unable to control or restrain had Deen taken before Mr. Rees made their own soldiors, and afterwards h,s atement on Long Kesh and was were heard to refer to their mens' not ,n anV way a retaliation. She behaviour by calling them animal exPected that the 30 female detainees bastards . at Arma h Prison would follow the REES TRIES STARVATION example of the detainees in Long TO BREAK REBELLION There were also widespread tions that Mr. Rees was using starvation to try to break the rebellion against internment in Long Kesh. We publish here an accurate account of the food distributed to the men for the five days after the burning of the Camp. Wednesday October 16th - No Food. Thursday October 17 - One round of bread and one cup of milk Friday October 18th-Two rounds of bread and one cup of milk. Saturday October 19th - One cup of porridge and one cup of stew. Sunday October 20th - One cup of stew. BRhlSH ARMY USED CRGASIN LONG KESH There is no doubt that the British Army, used the new and more lethal CR gas for the first time in Northern Ireland in Long Kesh on October 15th. This new item in the Army riot control stock was approved by the Defence Ministry almost a year ago, but until two weeks ago, it was authorised for use only at Long Kesh. Prisoners, who are used to the effects of CS gas, claim that a new, more irritating and paralysing agent was used on them. Internees also claim that when the first batch of CR gas was used on Knights Of Equity Convention In Buffalo Dennis O'Reilly of Rochester, New York, was elected Supreme Sir Knight of the Knights of Equity at the 79th annual convention held at Buffalo, New York. O'Reilly recently retired as Deputy Fire Chief after serving 33 years with the Rochester Fire Department. Cork born he came to this Country in 1929 married and remained in Rochester since. He is the father of seven children. John Bolsinger of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was elected Supreme Vice Sir Knight. Other elected were: Kenneth Power, secretary; Martin Schail, treasurer; Norman Fox, lecturer; Trustees are, John Marren, Daniel Clifford, Raymond McKelvy, Alfred Pedro, Michael Walsh, James Parks, and Bernard McClinchey. Reverend Thomas R. Bartley was reappointed Supreme Chaplain. Marion K. McMahon was elected national president of the Daughters of Erin the auxiliary to the Knights of Equity. Continued on Page 18 IK The end of the escape tunnel, just outside the perimeter An i-i +a ** lt; .* gt; . I I cnnmo +n nr rtn n + ltnv o r-i I fence. An internee was shot dead by British troops during rioting at Long Kesh camp following a break-out by Republican detainees early Tuesday. A Catholic chaplain who was in the camp said CS. gas was being used on the prisoners. He said he had seen at least 12 men spreadeagled against a compound wire and being beaten by troops. All of them were covered in blood, he said. Government sources said that 20 Republican detainees had escaped from the camp shortly after midnight. Eighteen of them were re-captured and a full-scale search was going on for the other two. A spokesman said a tunnel had been discovered in the camp during a search after the escape. Meanwhile conditions at the camp were described as shocking by an all-party delegation of Assemblymen who visited it. Members of the delegation, who inspected the camp on the invitation of the North's Secretary of State, Mr. Merlyn Rees, expressed fears that the camp might be burned down again if it were rebuilt. Rev. Ian Paisley, D.U.P. leader, who led the loyalist group, said the conditions were really sub-human and the S.D.L.P. delegation, consisting of Mr. Paddy O'Hanlon, Chief Whip, and Messrs. Desmond Gillespie, and Michael Canavan, said that the conditions were 100 times worse than they had imagined. Mr. Gillespie said last night there OGLAIGH NkhEIRE/VNN seems to be no other solution but to end internment and get rid of this place. These men have reached such a state of desperation that we were told that even if the camp is rebuilt, it would very likely be burned down again , he said. Mr. Gillespie said: We saw a meal being delivered to the loyalist compound in tin containers. It consisted of beef-burgers or sausage rools swimming in gravy and nothing else. The men refused to eat it and were existing on their food parcels. I got a list of complaints from Gusty Spence, the loyalist leader, which said Governor Truesdale should be sacked and protested that the men had neither light, heat nor hot water. The S.D.L.P. delegation said that because of orders most of the republican prisoners refused to meet them but they had chatted to some of them and learned of conditions which were really indescribable. Rev. Ian Paisley said that in the loyalist compound the conditions were sub-human he said. There was neither light nor heat and at night men were using candles. One toilet was so flooded that waders would be needed to use it. In one hut with 80 men, some were sleeping on soaking mattresses while others were lying on springs stretched across the hut. The Loyalist prisoners, he said, were refusing the food as a protest and were living on bread and tea and a quarter pound of margarine per day. r i UNITED BROOKLYN IRISH BAYRIDGE-FLATBUSH IRISH NORTHERN AID UNITS CHRISTMAS BENEFIT DANCE (or the Oppressed People of N.E. Ulster NOVEMBER 30th 1974 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Cummings Bros American Legion Hall 4516 Avenue D, Brooklyn, N.Y. 2 bottles par table of 10 Free Beer Donation 7.50 Co-Chairmen: E. Gallagher j. Toolan For Reservations and Directions Call: J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550or M.McNicholl 212-469-9874 A. Cusick 451-0819 PATODOrai THE FENIAN AVENGER EXECUTED NOVEMBER 17*mzm. Bishops Again Betray Their People WE NEEDTHEM Last week saw two bishops again calling for support for the British forces in Ireland. Both bishops spoke on the same day (October 22) and both condemned what they called terrorism. The Catholic Bishop of Down and Connor (which includes Belfast), Dr. William Philbin, is a noted Conservative and upholder of the church-state alliance. On October 22nd, he gave yet another speech in favour of British power, when he urged Catholics to help the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. He said that everybody must show their revulsion towards the dominance of the organised terrorist. Certain groups in Northern Ireland Dr. Philbin said, Have by now, ensured that our generation will be marked in history by the stigma of organised savagery. We shall be known for developments that have been destructive and evil-the introduction into society of new kinds of atrocities and of inhuman ruthlessness in their execution. As one phase of barbarity abates, another unfailingly takes its place the Bishop went on. The bishop was not referring here to the savagery of the R.U.C. Special Branch and S.A.S. murder squads. He continued, in fact, to plead for support for these: Only the agencies of security are in a position to establish the peace and order we all need and desire, and to avert the growing degeneracy of our society. If we need them, as we do, daily and nightly, we have also a duty to help them . Dr. Philbin made no attempt to conceal his hatred for revolutionaries, and his love for tyrants. Who in God's name needs torturers and murderers daily and nightly The bishop continued with his references to Satan, whom he believes to be behind the principles of freedom and the rights of man. Enough of evil has emanated from among our numbers-just now, our most urgent need is to counter the widespread corruption of our children by agents of Satan . Perhaps the most suitable answer to this pervertion of principle and religion was given by a Republican paper published in the impoverished and crucified ghettoes of Belfast: The peoples' conscience are clear-who clothed the naked, sheltered the homeless and gave succour to the oppressed? ANGRY REACTION IN BELFAST In a front page article Belfast's Andersonstown News accused the bishop of urging people to turn informer . It also accused Dr. Philbin of remaining silent on the fate of the Long Kesh internees . The paper says there has been angry reaction n the Andersonstown area over the bishop's statement, and claims that local community leaders are concerned that the church is giving approval to the operation of plain clothes squads of S.A.S. and R.U.C. men . The paper also said that after the intervention of Catholic clergy, barricades were taken down in the Lower Falls in 1969 and four people were later killed in a battle with security forces after police and troops raided houses. BUCHANAN LASHES OUT On the same day as Dr. Philbin spoke the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, Dr. Alan Buchanan, himself a former British soldier, made a similar speech. Dr. Buchanan said that it must be recognised that most bloodshed in the country was caused by irishmen . He also called on people in the South to do more in supporting the security forces on both sides of the border . He also stated he believed that we, as a people, could do far more to support Con tinued on Page 18 + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fb0d04ff0 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +(esh Loyalists Threaten Hunger Stele To De; The trouble-torn Long Kesh Concentration Cam was simmering on the verge of yet another crisis as more than 230 Loyalist prisoners vowed to go on a mass hunger strike to the death at midnight to protest at the sub-human conditions in the Loyalist compounds. The men, who are all UVF and Red Hand prisoners, have taken their action as part of an escalating UVF plan that follows the massive protest in the North when the Loyalist caused widespread disruption with more than 70 hoax bomb scares in 'hijacked vehicles. Another 200 Loyalist prisoners in Long Kesh, who belong to the UDA, are to decide whether or not they will join the hunger strike. A spokesman for the UVF prisoners in Belfast said that they have been refusing food from prison authorities for two weeks and have been surviving on food parcels brought in from outside. Many of them are ill because of the conditions, which have been aggravated since the Republicans burned down 80 of the camp last month. The only difference between Long Kesh and a Nazi concentration camp is that mass graves are not being Funeral Attended Continued from Page 1 pro bably will, cost you your life. The dice was loaded against the Republican movement, Mr. Loughran added, in terms of British Army strength and Britain's misuse of the law and involvement in torture, degredation and murder. Yet this choice of martyrdom has been accepted in every generation of our race, and great and noble souls have flung themselves into conflict, only to be crushed under the heels of the invader. Yet, again and again, rose the dominant need to be Irish and to be seen to be Irish and to fight for all that is truly Christian in the way of justice. Mr. Loughran went on: Love of Ireland could be said to be a love of death, but her children have never failed to answer the call to arms. They have never ceased to love her. Hugh Coney's name was now joined with those of Pearse and Barry, he said. Demanding the ending of internment, Mr. Loughran said: Our people must not be left to fight alone. There are many thousands of Ireland's sons and daughters abroad. They must also get into the fight. It's a fight for national emancipation. Realise your mighty strength. Together, we can accomplish what we please. Use it now for there is only one ending-success and the triumph of right and justice over iniquity and wrong. The dead man's parents, James and Christmas Dance. For Irish Relief Under a banner of United Brooklyn Irish the Bayridge and Flatbush units of Irish Northern Aid are scheduling a joint affair to raise fundsforthe common goal The thoughts of the Irish people suffering through another Christmas of deprivation are spurning their efforts to raise funds to be turned over in time to aid the families of prisoners in North East Ireland prior to Christmas. The joint Committee is comprised of: Evelyn and Bill Gallagher, Patrick Biesty, Pat Riordan and James Smith of Bayridge Unit. Kate and John Toolan, Mary Cunningham, Ann Cusick, Mary and Pat McNicholl, Pat Mullin and Inge and Sean Toner of the Flatbush Unit. The affair will be 'held at Cummings Bros. American Legion Post, 4516, Ave. D. Brooklyn on November 30th, 1974 from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Two bottles per table of ten plus set ups. The donation is 7.50. For table reservations call J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550 or A. Cusick 451-0819, M. McNicholl 469-9874. dug outside the wire, Loyalist Assemblyman Mr. Hugh Smyth said at the weekend. According to Mr. Smyth, 80 of the Loyalist prisoners were suffering from 'flu, or a severe cold. Because of the deterioration in the conditions of the men, due to the failure of the prison authorities and the Government to act, the prisoners had decided on the hunger strike as the only way to decent conditions. The strike would continue to the death, or until the authorities took action. It was later, reported that the Loyalist prisoners are to be moved to rebuilt accomodation in the compound. The UVF, meanwhile, has decided not to contest next year's election for the Northern Ireland Convention, while its recently formed political wing, the Volunteer Party, has dropped plans for a direct challenge for parliamentary influence. Instead, the UVF intends to restrict its political activity to that of a ginger group. Members will be encouraged to join other right-wing Unionist parties as long as this does not interfere with their duties as members of the UVF. Kitty Coney, and his girl friend Eilish McSloy followed the coffin along with his brothers, Jim and Frank, and sisters Collette and Noelle, from the family home, a short distance outside Coalisland, to St. Patrick's Church, Clonoe. Wreaths from relatives and many Republican organisations were laid on the grave. During the funeral a British army helicopter flew overhead, and roads leading to Coalisland were manned by R.U.C. and British troops. Coalisland came to a standstill and black flags were hung at windows and street corners. Businesses closed down in many Republican areas as a mark of respect and sympathy demonstrations attracted large crowds in Belfast, Derry and Newry. Vehicles were hijacked and set on fire in the Dungannon area. As a result of one hijacking, an hotel function planned for pensioners in Ballygawley estate had to be cancelled. British Thugs Continued from Page 1 shirt and I could see he had been shot in the back right through the heart. I was told, earlier, that soldiers were lying behind trees on high ground overlooking the new road at Wandleside factory. They were just waiting for an innocent victim to walk out of Twinbrook estate. I was told by a person who saw the shooting that Gerry had just asked the driver to put the van across the road when there was a shot. Gerry fell, shot through the hip and, as he went down, he raised his hands to show that he had n,o weapon. - Then, there was another shot-the one in the back that killed him. They say it was a 'black' soldier who shot Gerry. 'OFFICER'CLAIM A man who claimed to be speaking on behalf of the 1st Battalion, Belfast Brigade, Provisional I.R.A. said Fennell was an officer in their G Company. The spokesman said he was murdered in cold blood. We have been expecting reprisals against our volunteers after our successful operations over the past few days, he added. ii fgi ira On Friday evening November 1st 1974 a capacity crowd was on hand at Gaelic Park Casino to pay tribute to Mario Biaggi. Congressman Biaggi a strong vocal supporter of Ireland's right to freedom and self rule arrived at 11 p.m. with his gracious wife Marie and their lovely daughter. A standing ovation was accorded the Guest of Honor as he entered the Casino with his family. Congressman Biaggi, who has been long deserving of this Irish Night due to his constant speaking out in Congress on behalf of our war torn homeland, mingled and introduced his family to the packed house. On opening the evenings ceremonies, Inwood Irish Northern Aid Chairman, Mike Meehan presented a plaque to Margaret Clancy Muldoon, a recently married colleen from County Leitrim, for the dedication and outstanding services to the cause of Irish Freedom over the past three years. Guest Speaker Sister St. Hugh, editor of The Irish People Newspaper was then introduced to the receptive gathering. Sister spoke on Biaggi's loyalty to Ireland and to the Irish community in this country. It would be an insult to Mr. Biaggi , said Sister St. Hugh, if we even attempted to list the times and the occasions when Congressman Biaggi took a stand on behalf of the people of Ireland. According to Sister St. Hugh, no page is large enough to contain the number of occasions of dedicated service Mr. Biaggi has rendered to Ireland and to the Irish and Irish American people in the United States. In concluding Sister St. Hugh presented Congressman Biaggi with a plaque on behalf of The Irish People. Biaggi again received a standing ovation. In presenting the plaque Sister St. Hugh said she had one sorrow and that was that she was not presenting it to him as the mayor of New York City. We know one thing for sure, if Mr. Biaggi was the mayor of New York City we wouldn't have British double decker buses coming into the city next July . Overwhelmed with the applause and the introduction Mr. Biaggi stepped forward holding the plaque and with pride glistening in his eyes he thanked the people who placed so much trust and hope in him. ht A Huge Success en CD CO Sr. St. Hugh makes a presentation to Congressman Biaggi. Somehow or other, Mr. Biaggi said, when the picture of Ireland was being painted somewhere along the line the brush of justice never touched that little island and ever since it has been the victim of British oppression . Calling on the Irish people to unite Mr. Biaggi pointed out that politicians must be made to believe that the Irish issue will be politically profitable to them otherwise he said, your representatives will not take a stand for your cause . He pointed out that there are only six Greek Congressmen in Congress yet they were able to hold up Congress until aid was given to the 600,000 Greeks in Cyprus. What , he asked are your fifty-two Irish-American Congressmen doing for you? The final speaker of the evening was Father Vallaley who had just arrived from County Tyrone. The good Father related many stories on the atrocities that have become an everyday occurrence in Ireland's six occupied counties, and pleaded for total support of Irish Northern Aid as this organization would ultimately be responsible for driving the British Government and Troops out of Ireland. Prior to singing the National Anthems Bob McCann asked for support of the Baltimore Four, now laying in U.S. Federal Prisons because they chose to help our Freedom Fighters in Ireland. This Inwood Irish Northern Aid sponsored Tribute under the chairmanship of Tyrone's Sean McGonnell and his committee of Pat Brian Clarke, Danny McElroy, Kevin Duffy, Vera Baker, Brendan Heagney, Jim Touhy, Mike Marion Loftus and Carmel Costelloe did an excellent job in catering to the large crowd. As the evening came to an end Mike Meehan presented a check for 3,500.00 to the U.S. Representative, Irish Northern Aid Matt Higgins to be used in buying warm clothing for the Irish men and women now interned in various concentration camp.s throughout Ireland. Inwood Vice Chairman Pat Clarke on left and Dance Chairman Sean McGonnell on right look on as presentation is made to Margaret Muldoon by Matt Higgins. r (212) 751-5470 Open 7 days a week L O'LUN NET'S 915 2nd Ave. N.Y.C. (betw. 48th 49th) Live Country Music And Dancing MODERN COUNTRY MUSIC Monday Through Saturday BLUE GRASS EVERY SUNDAY FOOD SERVED and BOOM AVAILABLE FOB PABTIES 1 J Shannon Travel Service, Inc. 75-24 37th Ave., Jackson Heights, N.Y. 11372 212-639-0667 or 212-639-7530. We Fill All Your Travel Needs - Domestic And Internationally Air-Cruises-HotelsTcurs-Packages-Youth Fairs, Etc. 8-Day Specials To Europe Patrick J. Neville, ?idie McManus, Joseph Whalen + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..77b4b8bcf --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Twenty-Five Cents 12.00 per year people U.S.P.S. 070-77t 3 rt ma of mm mmueaiusM M AMSMCA Volume XI Number 12 March 27, 1982 ILIIMiEl ENDS VISIT The whirlwind American tour won by newly elected Free State head Charles Haughey along with the election from Garret FitzGerald concluded last week amidst mixed reviews. New York The tour began in New York with a visit to the Economic Club, comprising prestigious corporate executives and businessmen. Here Haughey's appeal was for American investment into the Free State economy. Haughey asserted that the economy was on sound basis and nearing the end of recession. However, as Haughey spoke, the Punt or Irish Free State pound, fell under the o; and fifty cent mark. Haughey was questioned about the north and here in a statement which dramatically contrasted with his public utterances during his prior term in office, asserted that the principal obstacle in the north was the British guarantee to Loyalists... We will have no progress until that is removed. Haughey also announced that he believed that the Free State would soon become an exporter of oil After the address, Haughey visited St. Agnes Church on 43rd St., the site of the apartment building where Haughey's predecessor, Eamon de Valera, was baptized. Washington The newly re-elected Free State head then journeyed to Washington, DC. He attended a White House luncheon with several Congressmen, Secretary Charles Haughey of State Alexander Haig, and celebrities, including Maureen O'Hara. Haughey was called upon to make an exchange of toasts. Instead, he spoke at length, stating: There is much to be done. And the first thing is that Britain be encouraged to seek more positively and more actively a change in attitude and outlook which would pave the way for unity and so enable her final withdrawal from Ireland to take place with honor and dignity. Reagan President Reagan later asserted that the United States would not become involved in influencing Vritish policy in Ireland. This reaction was praised both by Margaret Thatcher and Ian Paisley's deputy Peter Robinson. Haughey's position varied dramatically from his rhetoric during his first administration, wherein his visits to America were marked by attacks upon Irish-American opposition to British rule. The remarks generated for Haughey widespread publicity in Ireland, where Haughey holds a tenuous majority that may bring a new election within the year and in which Haughey is expected to campaign by assuming a mantle of Irish nationalism while maintaining collaboration with the British. A member of the Ulster Defense Association convicted for the assassination in Larne in 1980 of Irish Independence Party co-founder, Protestant John Turnly, claimed in a Belfast court at the conclusion ofthe trial that he had been working for the British Army's SAS squad. Twenty-seven year old Ro- they were all members of the bert McConnell named uio two SAS soldiers whom he claimed supplied him with information and with weapons for the killing and who had discussions with him on Miriam Daly, Bernadette McAliskey and John Turnly, all of whom were shot by the UDA in 1980 and 1981 in attacks claimed under the cover- name, the Ulster Freedom Fighters. In his statement McConnell said that in or around the month of April 1980,1 was working as a fish salesman in the Larne area. I was stopped one day near Cushendall by a van containing a number of men. I became satisfied subsequently that SAS and I had dealings with them on that and a number of subsequent occasions through their leaders who were Sergeant Tom Aiken and Corporal Mc- Gow. He said that at their behest he placed a listening device in a bar in Cushendall, County Antrim, in which Sinn Fein vice- president Gerry Adams was allegedly attending a meeting. He continued: During a series of subsequent meetings with them (the SAS) they discussed with me Republican leaders and in particular Turnly, Miriam Daly and Bernadette McAliskey... Continued on pg. 13 The two hundred and twentieth St Patrick's Day Parade in New York, despite a chilling rain, attracted more than one hundred and ninety bands and tens of thousands of marchers. A dramatic escalation of Irish patriotism in this year's parade was a highlight of the day, led by an Irish Northern Aid contingent nearly one thousand strong. This contingent included Sean Sands, whose deceased brother Bobby Sands, MP, was unanimously named Honorary Grand Marshal by the Parade Committee. (See story page 10) + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52f833641 --- /dev/null +++ b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +2 GAP*61 FITZGERALD'S EIGHT MONTHS AS FREE STATE PREMIER IS cu honesty mate lyinepti BY KEVIN BURKE GARRET FitzGerald's eight- month term of office as Free State premier, which ended in Leinster House on Tuesday, March 9th, was the shortest premiership in the history ofthe state. It ended with his credibility in tatters and his ineptitude exposed. In the dying hours of his government, on Monday night, the Fine Gael leader U-turned for the last time, uselessly abandoning the supposed sacrosanct strictures of his vicious budget on VAT, subsidies and taxation of social welfare in a final vain attempt to buy the necessary independent votes and win the all-important prize of power. And capital projects at Whitegateoil refinery, Arigna mines and Dublin's port and docks site were blithely promised at a cost which put the unmentionable Knock airport in the shade. If his political acumen before the January budget had matched his lust for power after it, the general election need not have taken place and he could still be in office today. HUNGER-STRIKE It was on June 30th last year that Garret FitzGerald's coalition government took over from that of Charles Haughey, who had, to all intents and purposes, lost the general election because of his inaction on the H Block hunger- strike. FitzGerald, in the first heady hours of office pinpointed the hunger-strike as his most urgent priority. Four hunger-strikers were already dead at that time; six more were to die. In the next days he held a meeting with the British ambassador, significantly veiled in secrecy. And his first meeting with the hunger- strikers' relatives on July 3rd, was lengthy, but already concentrating on persuading them to undermine the protest. But following the death of Joe McDonnell on July 8th, FitzGerald, raising the hunger- strike for the first time in Leinster House, placed the onus for tho deaths on the British government. He dispatched two of his senior ministers to London, and later called on United States president Ronald Reagan and the EEC to intervene. That was the high-point of his hunger-strike effort. Discovering that actions were needed to back up his words, he began to back off and by tho end of July was publicly attempting to wash his hands of tho crisis. His statements from then on laid the blame on the IRA leaden ship not the British government. In the middle of August, relatives of the hunger-strikers were forcibly removed from government buildings. ECONOMY Meanwhile, Garret FitzGerald was well into breaking his first set of economic electoral promises. From the beginning of his government's term the cry went up that things were much worse economically than he had imagined and in fact the state was on the verqe of bank ruptcy. His first budget in mid-July, with a plethora of punitive measures, signalled that the electoral goodies wore not going to be delivered. Two days after getting it through Leinster House he sought to silence criticism within his own party, and his coalition allies, the Labour Party, by declaring a long summer holiday for the parliament to the end of October. But throughout the summer the voices of protest, among his own supporters and the vital independents, grew louder, spurred on, as August drew to a close, by a speech from his right-wing Minister for Industry John Kelly, Garret FitzGerald's meeting with Margaret Thatcher in London in November last year brought more evidence of his political ineptitude and of his readinoss to collaborate likening social welfare recipients to 'cannibal piglets'. Almost continuous price increases fuelled the grumblings and in September when FitzGerald went to chop the Tuam sugar factory as part of his 'lame ducks' policy, the outcry forced him to retract. In November, forty thousand angry farmers marched on Dublin in piotest at their worsening economic conditions. FitzGerald turned his attention then to wage costs and, as the centralised pay-deal talks headed for collapse, launched a verbal attack on workers' living standards which was enthusiastically taken up by employers' organisations. But here again, there was disappointment with his big talk when, as the year closed, he agreed a public sector pay increase of 15 , which although well below inflation rates, was most displeasing to pnvate sector employers. CRUSADE Under pressure politically because of his inability to take any effective economic action, FitzGerald, in September, hit, partly by accident, on a handy diversion. With monumental hypocrisy, and with much pious reference to Tone and Davis, he launched what became known as his 'constitutional crusade'. Supposed to be a total reform of the Free State constitution of 1937, it was primarily aimed, not at lemoving social injustice in the South, but at wooing loyalists in the North. His concentration on the removal of Articles 2 and 3 from the constitution, which claim territorial jurisdiction over thirty-two counties, and Ins description of the Free State as sectarian, won him praise ftom Doth the former Vanguard leader, now Official Unionist, William Craig, and from the murderous Ulster Defence Association. With the hunger-strike over in October, FitzGerald felt the way cleai for more extended collaboration with Britain. A meeting with Northern direct-ruler James Prior in Dublin preceded a summit in London with British premier Margaret Thatcher on November 6th. LONDON Before FitzGerald went to London he was nicely set up by Charles Haughey, who claimed that out of the Anglo-Irish study groups, which he had himself instigated with Thatcher, would come great things including a three-tier Anglo- Irish Council which should be announced at the forthcoming meeting. FitzGerald returned from London with an Anglo-Irish Council which was merely a name stuck on the existing system of meetings between government leaders and civil servants. He did not have the third tier, much-vaunted by Haughey, of a council of parliamentary members from London and Dublin. In London, FitzGerald had been craven. Humiliated by Britain's contempt for its weak hunger-strike protests, and trumpeting abroad that his state was bankrupt, he cut a sorry figure. To win his way back into Britain's good books he promised further collaboration in the future by way of joint courts to include Northern judges to try political offences in the South and by allowing RUC men to interrogate suspects in Free State garda stations. Meanwhile, both sides agreed to give the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act a further try as an alternative to extradition, and by the end of his term in office FitzGerald had six of the Crumlin Road escapees imprisoned by the Dublin Special Court and the first Irishman in the same dock for political offences alleged to have taken place in England. Also, on the home front, legislation was being prepared to extend already repressive legislation, to end the right to bail, the right to silence in custody and further extend garda powers. CENSORSHIP But Garret FitzGerald will not just be remembered for his ardent collaboration with Britain nor for the viciousness of his economic measures in breach of his election promises. There were plenty of other memorable points which left his personal imprint on the office of Free State premier. Although a supposed liberal, he has nothing to show from his term to support this image. On the question of political censorship he displayed his attitude by the appointment of the hard-line Patrick Cooney as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. In August, he drew widespread criticism at home, and derision abroad, by banning the newly elected Westminster MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Owen Carron, from RTE. And in the January election FitzGerald's determination to silence his republican critics, inspired an extension on the ban on Sinn Fein, which backfired when the enabling legislation was ruled unconstitutional by a High Court judge. JOBBERY Among the few grateful admirers who FitzGerald will have won for his period as premier are the British agents, the Littlejohn brothers, and the loyalist bomber Norman Parkinson of the UDA, all of whom were freed early from Mountjoy prison. There are also several beneficiaries of his corrupt patronage in the form of highly- paid jobs in the government and civil service. During his short spell, an array of political appointments of this kind include several of his political cronies and their relatives, including his own son and daughter-in-law. Even in the dying days of his government the hypocrite who had previously denounced political jobbery made partisan appointments in the garda, the judiciary and to state bodies. Garret FitzGerald goes down as yet another Irish leader who has failed and betrayed his people. Eight months of Garret FitzGerald were more than enough. Dublin's Clemency for UDA Prisoner The surprise release from Mountjoy Prison of UDA man Frederick Parkinson has produced some criticism alleging that the same humanitarian concern is not extended to Republican prisoners on either side of the Border. Parkinson (37), the father of two children, was serving a 12- year sentence for an attempted firebomb blitz in Dublin. He was convicted of having incendiary devices and firearms in 1977. He would have been due for release in 1986 with full remission. But, following intervention on his behalf by various people and organizations, he has been given a full remission on humanitarian grounds on condition that he does not come back into the Free State. For much of his period in Mountjoy, Parkinson shared accommodations in the prison's basement with the Littlejohn brothers who were released last year, also on humanitarian grounds, with half their sentences still to serve. Among the organizations which worked for Parkinson's release was the Catholic lay organization, the Knights of St. Colum- banus. Among the individuals who helped were Bishop Com- iskey, one of Dublin's auxiliary Catholic bishops, and a Unionist former mayor of Belfast, John Carson. Carson became friendly with the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Fine Gael TD Fergus O'Brien, and last year they went on a joint tour of the United States. Carson admits that O'Brien opened up negotiations for him with the result that he met Dr. Garret FitzGerald and the then Minister for Justice, Jim Mitchell. James Eccles, until recently Supreme Knight in Ireland of the Knights of St. Columbanus, says that, together with Denis Maloney, also a Knight, and the solicitor who defended Parkinson, he visited him in prison on a number of occasions. Afterwards, they made representation to the Minister for Justice. At a press conference at UDA headquarters in Belfast, Parkinson praised the humanitarian policies of Fine Gael. They were the people who released me, and I am very grateful, he said. He added that he now regrets having gone into the Free State with the intention of doing damage. He had been treated well in prison and those Catholics and Protestants who had intervened to bring about his release contrasted starkly with certain Loyalist politicians whom he didn't name. 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People/page2/fulltext.txt delete mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt delete mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt delete mode 100644 spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0afd6eadb..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -THE i RISH The Fools, The Fools, They Have Left Us Our Fenian Dead And While Ireland Holds These Graves, Ireland Unfree Will Never Be At Peace...': Padraic Pearse. VOL. II NO. 46 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16,1974 ;. * x-sr.1 8.00 PER YEAR 15 CENTS 10 PENCE UNERAL Unarmed Man Shot By British Thugs The Tricolour-draped coffin, with a black beret placed on top, bearing the remains of Gerard Coney leaving the home of his parents. and seeing a number of boys. He also saw soldiers on a hillside nearby. Some of the boys approached a van and a shot rang out. The man who was subsequently killed ran down the road away from the soldiers for about . 75 yards with his arms in the air. Another shot rang out and the man fell. The eyewitness did not see a gun at any stage by those who attempting to hijack the van. Fennell's widow, Norah, who is expecting another child in the New Year, said: We had been in England but came home a year ago. The only job Gerry could get was in Whiterock industrial estate. But he had been off sick this week. Mrs. Fennell's mother, Mrs. Winnie Pollock, said: I got to the scene of the shooting just as they were putting Gerry in the ambulance. I went with him. In the ambulance I opened his Continued on Page 3 A young Belfastman, shot in the hip by British troops at the scene of an attempted hijacking in the Twinbrook area, was fatally wounded by another bullet in the back as he ran with his hands raised to show he was unarmed, relatives said. He was identified as 27-year-old Mr. Gerard Fennell, of Broom Park, Twinbrook, married with a seven-year-old daughter, Sharon. The shooting happened about 200- yards from his home-at the junction of Stewartstown Road and Summerhill Road and the shots came from a nearby hillside manned by soldiers. They claimed that Mr. Fennell was 'an armed hijacker' and was shot dead when he turned his gun on them. According to the military, troops had stopped another man removing his gun after he was hit. But the driver of the van involved in the hijack attempt maintained, later, that the man who spoke to him and told him to drive his vehicle across the road was not armed. Another eye-witness also insisted that, at no stage in the hijack, did he see anyone with guns. A British Army statement alleged the man they shot was holding a gun to the head of the van driver. He was challenged twice and then he pointed his gun at the soldiers. The troops opened fire and the man was seen to drop. He then got up-still holding his gun-and went to take cover behind the van, the military statement went on. Father Eamonn Magee, of St. Luke's, Twinbrook, said last night he had spoken to the driver of the van within minutes of the shooting. The driver told him, specifically that the man who spoke to him and asked him to drive the vehicle across the road was not armed. The driver had said: I could swear he had no gun. Father Magee said he had questioned the driver carefully on the point. There had been another man present at the van, but the driver could not say whether he was in possession of a gun. Another eye witness told of looking out the window of his home Hunger Strike Protest By Republican Priso mors The thousands of mourners who attended the funeral near Coalisland this week of Long Kesh escapee, Hugh Gerard Coney, heard that other Republican prisoners in the concentration camp had started a hunger strike in protest against the conditions under which they had to live. This was revealed at the graveside, by Co. Tyrone Sinn Fein chairman, Mr. Aidan Corrigan, when he read a letter which he said had been smuggled out of the jail, the previous day, by a Co. Tyrone prisoner. He asked me, said Mr. Corrigan, to tell you of the insufferable, inhuman conditions and indignities which the men in Long Kesh have to suffer. He said that one group had already gone on hunger strike and that others would follow suit. Continued on Page 4 ON SATURDAY NOV. 16 A PROTEST PICKET WILL BE HELD OUTSIDE THE OFFICES OF BRITISH AIRWAYS IN N.Y. TO PROTEST INTERNMENT OF IRISH MEN AND WOMEN IN BRITISH JAILS TIME: 2 TO 6 p.m. Upwards of 8,000 people attended the funeral of Hugh Gerard Coney, the 24-year-old Annaghmore (Coalisland) man who was shot dead by British troops during Wednesday morning's escape attempt by Republican detainees from Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Coney, who was described in death notices as a lieutenant in the East Tyrone Command of the Provisional I.R.A., was buried with full military honours in St. Patrick's Cemetery, Clonoe, a mile from his home. The coffin, which was draped with the Tricolour and a football jersey of Clonoe G.F.C., of which he was a member, was borne for a quarter-mile from his home on the shoulders of fellow team-mates and members of the Republican movement. A guard of honour of Fianna Eireann and Clonoe G.F.C. marched on both sides of the hearse to St. Patrick's Church. The remains were received by Rev. Patrick Coyle, C.C., and Rev. Father Joachim, O.F.M., one of the chaplains at Long Kesh, and the priest who administered the Last Rites to Mr. Coney at the time of his death. Speaking during Requiem Mass Father Coyle said they were there to extend their sympathy to James and Kitty Coney, the parents of the dead man, and to his brothers and sisters. He added: We in this parish have over the past few years prayed at Mass for peace and justice for all of Ireland. In the days ahead, we will continue to do so, and we will remember the deceased in our prayers. Following the Requiem Mass, Mr. Coney was interred in the adjoining cemetery, where, following the sounding of the Last Post, men in para-military uniforms fired a volley of shots over the grave. In a graveside oration Seamus Loughran of Belfast, an ex-internee, said he prayed that the body of Gerard Coney would be the last one to be brought from the hell-hole of Long Kesh. He added: We have a duty to do all in our power to bring about the closure of Long Kesh and an end to internment . Mr. Loughran, Sinn Fein organiser in Belfast, said that, next to love of God came love of one's country, and nowhere more so than in Ireland had this proved true. It's truly a noble thing to die for one's country, he said. It's one thing to give one's life in the heat of battle. It's an entirely different thing to dedicate your life in pursuit of what you believe in, an ideal that you know can, and Con tinued on Page 3 Provos Hi-jack British Army Mail The Provisional IRA in Belfast on Monday claimed that they were studying a haul of British Army documents seized jn a mail van hold-up near the military headquarters in the North last week. Included in the haul, said the IRA, were letters to girl friends, wives and relatives from soldiers detailing army life the general theme of which was that complete demoralisation of the British soldier in Ireland. The IRA said that the mail bags also contained 10,000 in cash, together with money order payments to informers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army, confidential military documents, details of undercover cars and by plain clothes patrols, lists of deserters and absentees, and the names and addresses of UDR personnel. In a statement the IRA said: The Belfast Brigade intend to act immediately on the considerable amount of information obtained. The R.U.C. confirmed that five armed men had hi-jacked a Post Office van near Bridge Street car park in Lisburn at 6:30 p.m. last Friday. A police spokesman said that the van and its crew were driven to a side road four miles away near Hillsborough. There the raiders took several mail bags from the van and left the crew with the vehicle. The exact number of mail bags taken was not disclosed. The Army made no comment on the incident. Along with their statement on the raid, the I.R.A. released photostat copies of military documents, some of which were stamped restricted. The statement said: On Friday, November 1, 1974, in a well co-ordinated and selective operation, an intelligence unit of the Belfast Brigade captured mail belonging to the British Army. Then the IRA listed 11 items, beginning with letters from soldiers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army and lists of deserters and absentees. One item was money orders (Giros) made payable to individuals from all areas of the Six Counties. The IRA said: From this we now have a clear picture of who is supplying the British Army with information. Other items mentioned were: confidential military documents regarding a conference relating to the building of Long Kesh; confidential military documents to all police stations; a list containing names and addresses of UDR personnel; a list of male and female applicants for the UDR and other security forces together with details of referees, and letters from people in the 26 Counties stating that they wished to join the British Army. The IRA said that the details of undercover cars included tax books and details of car number plates. The Army admitted that some mail from soldiers was probably in the bags seized by the I.R.A., but it denied that any confidential documents were in the sacks. A spokesman, said: Anything of a sensitive nature would go through the British Forces Post or via a special courier. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 426a96962..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page10-11/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -nr It is not those who inflict the most but those who endure the most who will succeed. Terence MacSwiney. 6 ' MEN BE THE WIRE The positive quality of the true revolutionary is that he is ready to die, not to defend an ideal but rather to convert it into a reality.' Sean Meehan Re-Arrested Outside Portlaiose Jail Justice McGrath at Portarlington court granted an application for the extradition of Sean Meehan (22), of Crumlin Road, Belfast. The Justice informed Meehan that the warrant would not be issued for 15 days. In the meantime, Meehan was granted bail in his own surety of 1,000 and one surety from William Fuller, Howth Road, Dublin, of 5,000. Meehan is wanted in Belfast in connection with the murder of Constable Raymond Carroll on January 28, 1972. It is understood that three other men are already serving sentences in connection with the same charge. Det.-Sgt. Philip O'Keeffe, Portlaoise, told the court that he arrested Meehan on foot of a warrant outside Portlaoise Jail on Saturday morning last. When charged later at a special court, Meehan replied: Nothing to say. Witness told Mr. Myles Shevlin, solicitor, defending, that he could not actually identify Meehan as the man wanted in Belfast. Det.-Constable Bert Elliott, R.U.C, Belfast, said he identified Meehan as the man wanted in connection with the murder. Mr. Myles Shevlin submitted that the warrant as issued was not good. It did not name any discernable person. It mentioned a police constable only. There could be any number of constables. London Catholic Institute's Evidence Slams Internment The London-based Catholic Institute for International Relations, whose President is Cardinal Heenan, has come out strongly against internment. The Institute's criticisms are contained in a 2,000 word memorandum it has submitted to the Gardiner Committee which is currently looking into the workings of the Northern Ireland Emergency Provisions Act. Members of the Institute also gave evidence to the Committee in Belfast last week. The CHR evidence calls for a date to be set when all internees must either be released or formally charged with a specific offence before the Northern Ireland courts. This, the evidence says, is the only feasible policy... and there is no room for half measures. Opposition to internment, the memorandum says, derives among both the Catholic and Protestant communities in the North from the basic injustice of the system. The document attacks specifically the workings of the Emergency Provisions Act, its derogation from accepted British standards of justice and the demoralising effect of internment on individuals, families and the community in Northern Ireland. There is no doubt, the evidence says, that the introduction in August 1971 of internment without trial greatly accelerated the trend towards violence and alienated almost the entire Catholic community. The CUR urges the need to restore respect for the rule of law in the North, but adds that there can be no hope of introducing any civil police force into many areas while internment lasts. The authors of the CUR evidence acknowledge the help of among others the Rev. Enda McDonagh, Professor of Moral Theology at Maynooth, Fr. Desmond Wilson of Belfast and Professor Hywell Griffiths of the New University of Ulster, in preparing their memorandum. BBC Sit-In By Loyalist Women Programmes by BBC Northern Ireland were not disrupted last week despite a sit-in by up to 100 relatives and friends of loyalist prisoners at Long Kesh who were demanding better conditions for their men. They refused to allow staff in or out and threatened to call in UDA men unless they were allowed to continue their protest peacefully. The women sat in the lobby of the Ormeau Avenue studios and some wandered around talking to staff but the general tone of the occupation was good-humoured. Northern Ireland head of programmes, Mr. Richard Francis, said that while he could not condone an invasion of private property in this manner, the protest had not , interfered with the preparation or transmission of programmes. The occupation began shortly after 10 a.m. when about 30 women, led by Mrs. Mary Douglas, burst through the doors past the security men. They were later joined by other women who were coming back from visits to Long Kesh. Cigarettes and food were banded in through windows and loyalist flags were flown to highlight their protest. We decided to occupy the BBC to get the maximum publicity for our protest against the inhuman conditions being suffered by our men in Long Kesh, even though they had nothing to do with the burning of the camp by the republicans, said one of the women. During the day they allowed members of the BBC Northern Ireland Orchestra to leave after a rehearsal, but movement in and out of Broadcasting House was severely restricted and at the whim of the protesters. The women were later joined by loyalist councillor, Mr. Hugh Smith. Persecution And Principle It is with reluctance we refer to the part played by the Irish Hierarchy in the tragic happenings of 1922-23, but history is history and the truth, however bitter, must be told. We wish with all our heart that the story could have been otherwise, that we could tell with pride of spiritual guides who were at one with the most loyal and devoted of their flock in their desire and their efforts for freedom, as Cardinal Mercier and the Bishops and priests of Belgium were with their people when the horrors of invasion and war swept down on them in 1914. Instead of hailing the invader as the legitimate ruler of Belgium and his native tools as patriots, Cardinal Mercier encouraged his people to the utmost resistance they could give and lashed with words of fire those slavish Belgians who yielded to the invader, co-operated with him in any way or recognised him as having the slightest authority or right in Belgium then or in the future. The noble words with which he inspired his own countrymen gave inspiration to the men of 1916, of 1920 and of 1922 in Ireland, when they stood up against the arrogant attacks of England and of England's Irish tools and gave their clean lives for the God-given freedom and honour of Ireland. I was asked lately by a staff officer/' said Cardinal Mercier, whether a soldier falling in a righteous cause-and our cause is such a demonstration-is not veritably a martyr. Well, he is not a martyr in the rigorous theological meaning of the word, inasmuch as he dies in arms, whereas the martyr delivers himself, undefended and unarmed, into the hands of the executioner. But if I am asked what I think of the eternal salvation of a brave man who has consciously given his life in defence of his country's honour, and in vindication of violated justice, I shall not hesitate to reply, without any doubt whatever, Christ crowns his military valour, and that death, accepted in this Christian spirit, assures the safety of that man's soul. Greater love than this no man hath,' said Our Saviour, 'that a man lay down his life for his friends.' And the soldier who dies to save his brothers and to defend the hearths and altars of his country, reaches this highest of all degrees of Charity. When the soldiers of the Republic of Ireland were fighting 'to defend the hearths and altars of their country' against England's Black-and-Tans they were excom municated by at least one Irish Bishop and denounced by several others. When 93 per cent of the people declared by their votes that Dail Eireann and the I.R.A. were the lawful Government and Army of Ireland the most unanimous vote that has ever been given in the face of armed intimidation in any country on earth-the Irish Hierarchy were respectfully asked to crown their people's choice by giving their allegiance to Dail Eireann and so stregthen the hands of those who were trying to make real and lasting peace with England. They refused, and by their refusal forfeited their right to take part in the political affairs of their country in the future. But when the Treaty of Surrender was signed and its terms prematurely published by the English and their Irish allies, and before the elected representatives of the people had time to meet and discuss what had been done without authority, some of the Bishops rushed into print to urge its acceptance and commenced privately to urge deputies of Dail Eireann to vote for it. They went further. They entered into the strangest Alliance that has ever been known in Ireland. The Fenians, or Irish Republican Brotherhood, a great end splendid military organisation, founded in 1858, became such a menance to British Imperialism that a clever and subtle campaign of English lying and misrepresentation succeeded in having it condemned by Rome as a secret society on the lines of the Freemasons or the Oddfellows-which it was not. From the Sixties down to our own day the I.R.B. was condemned year by year in Lenten Pastorals and the young men warned against it. The I.R.B., re-organised and made a very compact, effective organisation by Clarke, MacDiarmada, Pearse and MacBride was the spark that lit the Easter Fire of 1916. Afterwards, when the I.R.A. gave allegiance to Dail Eireann, an effort was made by Cathal Brugha and others to have the I.R.B. disbanded, as there was no further necessity for and a great deal of danger in a secret organisation; but Michael Collins and his friends kept it in being and, after the truce, tried to get into it every member of the I.R.A., the reason given being to safeguard the Republic as there was danger of the politicians letting it down. It was the I.R.B. prostituted to political ends, that undermined the loyalty of high Army officers and soldier deputies of Dail Eireann in December, 1921, and it was an alliance or comgination of the Irish Hierarchy and the I.R.B. that carried the Treaty of Surrender. There is no doubt whatever about that. When the Provisional Government was set up by men who had publicly stated that they would be loyal to their solemn oath and would keep intact the Republic of Ireland, the Bishops smiled on it and frowned on its opponents. In October, 1922, after war had been started by the usurpers, under orders from England, after the Pact of Peace had been broken by them, and after they had already murdered Republicans, The Bishops issued what they called a Joint Pastoral in which they gave their whole-hearted support to those who had betrayed their trust and murdered their kin, and they forbade their priests to give Absolution to the defenders of the Republic or to any of their supporters, all of whom were denounced in most intemperate language. There was condemnation in the Joint Pastoral of what were called unauthorised murders, but when the implication of those ill-chosen words was seen, they were repudiated by their authors. But it was too late. Such thoroughly British organs as The Freeman's Journal, and The Tablet (London) had already published the version containing the extraordinary words, and their copies of the Pastoral had been handed to them by the Secretary to the Hierarchy, himself a Bishop. After that, no penitent known to be a Republican who had not turned traitor to Ireland, was given Absolution unless he answered in the affirmative the question; Do you accept the Joint Pastoral? Prisoners were in a terrible position. There were over 10,000 men and women, boys and girls, in the British jails and internment camps of the 26 Counties. They had been arrested and held without charge of any kind-simply because they were Republicans-and the bare fact that they were prisoners put upon them the ban of the Bishops. The chaplains could not give them the Sacraments unless they accepted the Pastoral, they could not accept the Pastoral without accepting as truth the falsehood that the Provisional Government of usurpers and rebels was a Government elected by the votes of the people, without accepting treachery and murder as virtues and fidelity and sacrifice as crimes, and so men and women the mcst devoted and loyal to their Faith in Ireland were left without the strength and consolation of Confession and Holy Communion. Superiors of Religious Orders were reprimanded by individual Bishops for sending confessors to Columns of Republican soldiers in the hills.' Republican priests or nuns could not express their opinions, even in the privacy of communities, while those who supported the Free Stater, even in battle, was murder. The I.R.B. was honoured; those who had tried to have that secret society disbanded and to have only open organisations were treated as men accursed. Michael Collins was the leading man in the I.R.B. When he was killed in battle, he was given honours scarcely less than would have been given to a Cardinal. There was no protest when a prominent I.R.B. man stood up in the midst of Bishops and priests and likened Michael Collins to Our Lord walking on the waters of the Lake of Galilee. And only a little while before the dead body of Cathal Brugha-one of the most exemplary Catholics in Ireland-was refused admission to a Dublin Church. It was said at the time that the slaughter of the Four Martyrs on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception in 1922 was delayed for over an hour in the hope that they would accept the Joint Pastoral as just, and the Government of traitors as the lawful authority. For that official murder of innocent men no word of condemnation came from the Bishops. Over two hundred authorised and unauthorised murders were committed by the renegades in power, but they were hailed by the Bishops as the saviours of their country, while their clean-hearted victims who died the death of martyrs were denounced as robbers, looters and hooligans who were not worthy of Christian burial. Priests who came out into the open as Republicans were victimised. Some were driven into exile, like Father Albert, Father Dominic, Father Joseph and Father Ciaran, while others who could not stand by and see the injustice of it all and the danger to the Faith which it threatened, had to express themselves anonymously and do good by stealth. Their candid opinions of the Joint Pastoral., and the attitude it represented could be quoted here, but they would be of little use because no names could be appended to them. Three RTE Chiefs May Face Charges Of Publicising IRA Three leading RTE programme makers could soon face charges of breaking a Government directive banning all TV publicity for the IRA. In a new move, the RTE Authority is to decide shortly whether or not the controversial 7-Days programme on internment-screened nearly three weeks ago-breached the Section 31 guidelines laid down more than two years ago. The RTE Board has now taken a direct interest in the programme which drew a personal protest from the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, and its nine members have demanded a full file on the show which led to management action inside the station. Transferred producer Eoghan Harris and his editor, Gerry Murray, hit by the results of an inquiry into the programme, appealed the management moves during a four-hour hearing on Saturday but now both men and their direct superior, Current Affairs Chief, Des Fisher, may have to face the Authority directly to explain the show. The results of the appeal heard by Authority member, Mr. Sean MacReamoinn; Personnel Head, Oliver Maloney, and Assistant Programme Controller, Mr. Jack White, are expected to be made known today but the appeal decision Hunger Strike At Crumlin Rd. Jail Republican remand prisoners in Crumlin Road Jail-some of whom have been waiting for trial for up to a year-a hunger strike began November 7 in protest against being locked up in their cells for 22 out of every 24 hours. The strike was undertaken initially by 30 prisoners, and more will join in the next few days until all 165 men in a wing are involved. During the strike the men are understood to intend refusing food parcels. Sentenced prisoners are expected to refuse to leave their cells in support of their demands for a return to normality at the prison. The latest trouble at the prison has its origins in the burning of Long Kesh three weeks ago. Prisoners at Crumlin Road demonstrated in support and the remand prisoners feel that they have been excessively penalised since then. The remand prisoners-who are innocent until proven guilty in the court-are normally allowed . considerable access to recreation facilities and free association with each other. But up to now, recreation breaks were being confined to two hours per day for three batches of 55 men each, and they claim that the Governor of the prison told them that this situation would continue indefinitely. The men find this situation intolerable and are determined to highlight their grievances, particularly since there has been absolutely no trouble for the past three weeks. may be held in abeyance until the Authority has finished its look at the show. If the Board decides that the programme breached the Section 31 directive, Mr. Harris, Mr. Murray and Mr. Fisher could face more serious charges. The Authority is understood to be intent on discharging its obligations under the directive and its members are not prepared to risk the possibility of being sacked, the fate which met the station Authority when it failed to reach a decision over a radio interview with Sean MacStiophain two years ago. RTE Administrators are also becoming worried about new consumer programmes, according to a document submitted by the station to the Common Market Commission and published in the current edition of the EEC Industry and Society. The latest dispute within RTE over the showing of a 7-Days programme on internment is certain to be raised in the Dail later this week, Chris Glennon writes. Two questions to the Minister, Dr. Cruise O'Brien, will provide a vehicle for examining his role in relation to RTE programmes, particularly the October 17 film on internment. Mr. Tom Meaney, F.F. deputy, mid-Cork, will ask the Minister the number of occasions on which he has requested time on radio or TV to explain his viewpoint and how many times the Minister has verbally or in writing contacted the RTE authorities to communicate his displeasure with certain programmes. Those questions are not expected to be reached until later. The Taoiseach will be asked by Mr. Sean Moore (F.F.) if there are any proposals before the Government to amend the Constitution or to prepare a new Constitution. Torture On Trial Four Northern Ireland men who were tortured at the hands of the British Army and the R.U.C. Special Branch left Dublin Airport this week accompanied by their lawyers to attend the Torture case against the British Government at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The case will continue until next Thursday and a team of four doctors as well as Mr. John Hume of the S.D.L.P. and delegates from the Republic are attending. However, three of the seven men are in Long Kesh and last minute efforts by their lawyers, and an appeal by them to the European Commission, failed to secure their release for the Court hearings. The British Government has insisted that they will not be released and has refused the Commissioners access to Long Kesh to take statements from the three. Two of the men have been interned for almost a year and the other is a sentenced prisoner, but friends have requested that their names be withheld for the present because of fears for the safety of other members of their families. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c47e12a75..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CM HI -J a. O The Hunger Strikers At Foly Square I 2 x CO .2 E gt; o 2 By: BERNARD MACKLE Last August, I bumped into Jimmy Lyons, an old friend, on O'Connell Street, Dublin, while on a visit to Ireland. Jimmy, a disabled vet, served in my old army division (27th Infantry Reg. 25th Div.). He owns a tavern in Hillside, N.J., called Lyons' Den . Jim a native of County Roscommon, Ireland, has a lovely American wife Eileen and five children. We arranged to take the train from Dublin to Belfast and see for ourselves whether the British army was really keeping peace between Irish religious fanatics, as reported in most Jersey papers. We stayed only two days in Belfast, which seemed afterwards like two weeks, and were left with the unforgettable memory of the Irish people in Belfast who silently resist the constant ominous threat of the occupying British army. On the evening of the day we arrived, a 13 year old child went to the corner store to get an ice cream cone and was shot dead by one of the pasty-faced soldiers in flack jackets of the Royal Green Jacket Regiment who patrol the streets of Belfast in daylight on foot or in heavy armored cars with their finger always in the trigger guard of an automatic shoulder weapon. We stayed in separate houses that night. Lyons woke up in a bedroom flooded with blinding white light and deafened by the sound of a helicopter hovering directly over the house. The search lights are used by the helicopter pilots to illuminate the backyards ot Nationalist areas looking for a target for the door gunner. It is at night that the I.R.A. lads on the run are trying to get home for a visit with their mother and family. Most of the fathers are interned in the infamous Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Not a word of bigotry or religious hatred did we hear while there, but many accounts of the vicious ruthlessness of the hated Brits and the courageous exploits of the I.R.A. lads were related in the tiny kitchens and parlors. We left convinced that peace will never come to the six counties of occupied Ireland until the United Nations intervene and the British Army with tho S.A.S. assassination experts are withdrawn from Ireland. The S.A.S. (Secret Air Services) resemblos the C.I.A. in that it uses the same tactics of clandestine murder, infiltration, and the distorted news release to discredit the Irish men who are fighting to free their native land from the ancient enemy. I left Jimmy in Dublin to go to the musical festival in Listowel, County Kerry, where the traditional Irish Musicians Club of N.Y., the group I travelled with on the charter air trip, would be competing in the annual events. Jimmy went on to the North to visit Derry City, scene of Bloody Sunday when British soldiers in dress uniform pulled into a small square, dismounted from their armored cars and carefully aiming at short range, fired into the backs of a group of Irish people listening to a civil rights speaker on a stand. 13 persons were left dead. The shocking crime was given world wide publicity since a news photographer was in the square. Nonetheless, no charges were ever brought by the English Government against their uniformed murderers. When Jimmy arrived back in Hillside, he was selected as President of the NJ. Chapter of the Irish Legal Aid Fund. This fund was formed to provide 25 per week to support each of the children of the four Irish-Americans who had been arrested in New York by the F.B.I., tried in Baltimore, convicted and sentenced to six years and then sent separately to maximum security prisons to be kept in solitary confinement for admitting guilt to Sinn Fein President Addresses All-Group Conference South's Government ise To Attend the Federal Crime of attempting to arrange, in New York, the purchase of arms for the I.R.A. In the Baltimore Federal Court, Judge Northrup, before sentencing, to his credit, said, the defendants were not true criminals and acted out of love for their native land. One of the prisoners, Jim Conlon, a Queens, N.Y. businessman with a large family, has, in recent weeks, been subjected to intense interrogation by Federal Agents in his cell in the Ft. Leavenworth Bastile, although his lawyer had not been notified. When Conlon refused to become an informer , he was threatened with deportation to Belfast, his native city. One of two things can happen to Jim when the plane touches down in Belfast. Either he will be placed under surveillance and murdered sometime later by S.A.S. agents or else arrested and taken by helicopter to Long Kesh where he will undergo torture and intensive interrogation while his wife and 5 children pray for his safety back home in New York. It should be noted that a former I.R.A. Chief, Sean McBride, winner of the Nobel Peace Prize earlier in the month, headed Amnesty International, the organization that brought documented charges of torture of prisoners in the Long Kesh Concentration Camp, against the British Government at the hearings held before the European Commission of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The hearings, which revealed the shocking atrocities by British guards, have been moved to Stavenger, Norway. Since the recent fire in Long Kesh that destroyed most of the miserable, overcrowded huts, the Irish internees, held without charge or trial, are now forced to sleep out on the wet ground and have the indignities of their personal items being destroyed by the British guards. Bishop Drury of Corpus Christi, Texas, and New York Congressman Wolf, who actually have been inside Long Kesh, say the only items missing there are the gas ovens. Monday, October 28th at 9:00 P.M., James Lyons and Michael Costeloe, a County Galway man and father of 4 children, began a hunger strike on the steps of the Federal Building in Foley Square, New York City, hoping somehow to stop the threat of deportation of Conlon to Long Kesh, to effect a transfer to a prison closer to his home so his children could visit, and to stop any further questioning without the presence of his attorney. On Wednesday, the third day of the hunger strike, T.V. camera crews interviewed Lyons and Costeloe on the steps while a New Jersey Delegation of Irish-Americans from Bergen, Ocean, Monmouth, and Essex Counties sang Irish songs. On Saturday, November 2nd, the sixth day without food, Lyons and Costeloe were again applauded by their friends. Mrs. Conlon arrived, showing the visible effects of the fear of her husband's deportation threat and thanked both men for their sacrifice on her husband's behalf. Jim Conlon's six-year old boy then spoke into the Mike and faltering, thanked both the hunger strikers for trying to bring his daddy back home. Tears were streaming unashamedly down many faces at this time. Speakers then asked everyone to write to their Representatives to intervene so the hunger strike could end since Lyons and Costeloe were resolved to continue until a substantial committment was given. Many telegrams were read, including those from Congressman Carey, from Ramsey Clark who promised to join their legal staff, and Fr. Sean McManus, the Baltimore priest who has done so much in the crusade to bring justice to Northern Ireland. The following telegram was received* MY WASHINGTON OFFICE IS Refui Michael Costello and Jim Lyons CONTACTING DIRECTOR BUREAU OF PRISONS TO SEEK TRANSFER OF J. CONLON FROM LEAVENWORTH TO LEWISBURG-EVERYTHING POSSIBLE WILL BE DONE TO BRING CONLON CLOSER TO HIS FAMILY. CONGRESSMAN PETER W. RODINO,JR. On Saturday night, Congressman Rodino met Mrs. Conlon in Newark and gave her his personal assurance that every effort would be made to halt the threatened deportation of her husband. Word was brought to Jim Lyons and Mike Costeloe on the steps at Foley Square and they agreed to halt the hunger strike. All of us who know both men can only express our admiration for their courage and selfless sacrifice but the gratitude of Mrs. Conlon and her little family will always sustain them. On Monday afternoon, November 4th, Bart Dougherty, a Detective Lt. in the Essex County Prosecutors Office and the National Coordinator of the Irish Legal Aid Fund received a telephone call from Congressman Rodino. He informed Dougherty that the Director of Federal Prisons had just notified the Congressman that James Conlon was being transferred to Lewisburg, Md. JEANNIE CAMPBELL Irish Store 5008 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10034 (near 213th St.) Tel.212-LO-7-5169 Largest selection of 8 track tapes Casetes Records Galore Only store in country selling Paddy Carty Traditional LP. (A must for people that love truly Irish Traditional Music) Irish sweaters* China* Glassware and sonveniers. Irish papers on sale every Monday night Problems with Tape Deck, Car, Radio any typo Hi Fi or Stereo Phonographic expert Years of experience service and sales Phono needles examined free A conference from which no party or group was to be excluded ended successfully this week despite refusal of the Southern government and Opposition party, Fianna Fail, to send representatives. Almost every speaker from the platform and the floor condemned the absence of the representatives during the three-day Conference. The conference, organised by the Speakers' Club of the Regional Technical College, Galway, was described as a vehicle whereby Irishmen of all political opinions, North and South, could give their answers to current crisis. But despite the absence of the government or Opposition of the South a representative panel of about 50 speakers from North and South including many Republican and Loyalist contingents took part in the debate. The subject for discussion was Can Irishmen Find A Solution To Their Own Problems . All the sessions, especially the private ones, involving loyalist leaders, the Provisionals and many shades of opinion, provided signs of a large extent of common ground. The delegates taking part were unanimous in a wish to meet again soon. THE BUILDING OF A NEW IRELAND The President of Provisional Sinn Fein, Mr. Ruairi O'Bradaigh told the conference that once the British made an undertaking to withdraw from Northern Ireland the I.R.A. would stop fighting. Said Mr. O'Bradaigh: When we come to the matter of a solution the key to the solution lies in a declaration by the British of their intention, over some period of years, to be negotiated, to quit our country once and for all. 'That should be the first step and the I.R.A. have said in their public statement that once such a date is given and a firm intention, they would stop fighting. and a fresh start made . Mr. O'Bradaigh quoted the British Kilbrandon Report where, he said, a federal system was defined as sovereignty divided between two levels of government, the federal government sovereign in some matters and the provincial in others, each exercising power within its own sphere and neither subordinate. Mr. O'Bradaigh added that the situation in Ireland now was the result of the failure of an imposed British settlement in 1921. MR. HARRY MURRAY, formerly of the Loyalist Ulster Workers Council, said that he believed the people of the North must first be united before there could be an united Ireland. We must live together he said. We must be one people. Before the constitutional convention elections, there must be dialogue established by both sides in the North so that they could remove their fears and suspicion of each other . MR. SAMMY SMITH, a member of the Ulster Defence Association told the conference: It is obvious that their position (Irish Nationalists) is one of sheer, undiluted nationalist bigotry. It must be emphasised that I am referring to the citizens of the Republic and Northern Nationalists who, to a man subscribe to the myth of a united Ireland. The Protestant in Northern Ireland is not Irish, does not regard himself as Irish and objects most vehemently when * he is allied with what, to him, is now a most obnoxious breed . MR. FRANK McMANUS, the former U n ity M.P. for Fermanagh/South Tyrone said that if the Loyalists had not destroyed Sunningdale, the Nationalists would have done so, since it sought to formalise the artificial division of the community. The forthcoming Convention should, as a first step, negotiate English withdrawal from The next stage, I would see, is the tne North, and lf tnis Convention building of a new federal Ireland with a division of power-both states, North and South, being dismantled created a forum for listening point worthwhile . a representative it would be Loyalists Will Be Worst Hit By Currency The Ulster Workers' Council plan to boycott Irish cash was seen in Dublin on Monday as a very damp squib likely to cause more inconvenience to Loyalists than to any other section of the Northern Ireland community. The UWC scheme is to put up posters in shops telling customers that Irish money will not be accepted. Council spokesman, Mr. Jan Smyth, said that in a'ddition, factory workers would be asked not to accept the Republic's currency in pay packets. But an Irish banks'spokesman said the campaign would have no major practical effect. And the Dublin Government is understood to feel that anything which forms an unnecessary barrier between North and South, or between communities in the North is something to be deplored. GOODS SANCTIONS ' LATER Mr. Smyth said that sanctions on Eire goods would be considered later. The UWC had decided that in view of their opposition to a united Ireland It was ridiculous that Eire currency should be used alongside British currency. Their currency is not legal tender in the United Kingdom and, as we are part of the United Kingdom, it should not be considered here. The boycott of currency, he added, will be a means of reminding the South that we do not want anything to do with them. Immediate moves must be made to ensure that Southern currency is made worthless in the Six Counties. Supporting the campaign, the UWC's Co. Antrim Executive said: This is no futile protest. It will permit Ulster folk who are sick and tired of constant foreign political intrusion into our tragic situation to strike a peaceful but humiliating blow to those same subversive Eire Government forces. BANK SPOKESMAN'S VIEW The total value of Irish currency in circulation at present is 22572 million, including 210 million in notes. Only a small amount of this, possibly as little as two per cent, is in circulation in Northern Ireland. The Irish banks' spokesman said the boycott would not result in any exchange rate discrepancy. The banks all of which are 32-county organisations, would simply continue to transfer their respective currencies. Any bank will accept Irish money and change it for British money without any difficulty, said the spokesman. That's just part of their business. So even if there was a massive boycott, traders and other individuals would have no trouble about getting change. A Dublin export consultant said a products boycott would have a minimal effect on the Republic's exports to Northern Ireland-now running at more than 80 million a year. A retaliatory boycott would damage the North's economy. In a trade war both sides get hurt, he said. The consultant also pointed out that most business transactions were done by cheque, bill of exchange or transfer or funds, and not by cash. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5d61637f4..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Need Of Homes For Police beared Of Assault I f - * U gt; - l- r* - Ti F It Mentally Handicapped On Catholic Youth A Mental Handicap Conference in Dublin at the week-end was told that almost 3,000 adult handicapped are accommodated in Irish psychiatric hospitals. This occurred, explained the Parliamentary Secretary to the. Minister for Health, Mr. Barry, because of the inadequate provision of special residential accommodation for patients, who, having reached adulthood in special centres for children, required continuing care in residential accommodation. Mr. Barry explained that it has been the practice to transfer some mentally handicapped patients to mental hospitals, but now there is a growing volume of opinion against this arrangement. Both he and the Minister, he admitted, felt strongly that psychiatric hospitals were not the best setting for mentally handicapped, and their aim was to ensure that as soon as sufficient alternative accommodation was available no handicapped patient would be transferred to a psychiatric hospital, unless he was suffering from some illness which would warrant psychiatric treatment. Moreover, Mr. Barry explained that the lack of alternative suitable accommodation' for adults had resulted in yet another problem the inordinately high proportion of the present population in centres who are 16 years and upwards. The latest available figures shows there are no less than 2,117 or 44 per-cent of the patient population in those centres are adults. Mr. Barry stressed that one of the main difficulties in planning for the future is that there no reliable statistics available on the numbers of mentally handicapped children and adults in the country. If we are to plan with confidence we must have firm facts on which to base our plans, he said. With this in mind, he added, steps had been taken to secure exact information about the incidence and pattern of mental handicap in this country. PROTECTION In a talk on Community Involvement by the Mentally Handicapped, Mr. Seamus Kelly, of Dunore House Association, said that over protection can do as much harm as neglect, but in the case of adult handicapped, there must always be some degree of protection or care depending on the degree of handicap and the type of centre in which the person lived. Parents and relatives can help, he added, by maintaining regular contact with handicapped people in residential centres and such contacts should be encouraged by the provision of facilities for visiting. To integrate handicapped adults into the community, Mr. Kelly said there must be an acceptance by the other members of the community. One cannot impose another group on to a reluctant community. This can only defeat the purpose of placing residential centres in residential areas. All members of a community, handicapped or otherwise have equal rights. It is necessary to educate the non-handicapped as to the nature of the new members in their midst. PARENTS'ROLE Dr. Barbara Stokes, Medical Director of St. Michael's House, told the conference that the new ministerial move towards the closer involvement of parents in the management of primary schools, special or otherwise, was of great interest and they now awaited the views of the I.N.T.O. The appointment of parents to sit on management committee will entail all parents of a school group getting together to select the representatives, which will mean more information to parents, concerning the costs, difficulties and anxieties of running a school. They might be able to help more and to understand teachers' and management problems. This type of involvement, in the past, might have advanced both sides, parents and professional, towards the provision of full and adequate services for the adolescent and adult, sooner. Referring to the social services for the handicapped, Dr. Stokes said there was still need for parents to achieve this through their local associations via the National Association. She advocated that they should press for the provision of holiday homes for parents and children together, for social clubs, for hostel accommodation, for a geriatric home and for more residential accommodation. She told delegates that if they wished for more, better, or future services that it was their responsibility to take an active, interested part in the activities of the individual member societies to which they belonged. Three members of the RUC Special Patrol Group were cleared at Armagh Court of beating up a 19-year-old Catholic factory worker after they had detained him for questioning by detectives as he left work earlier this year. Constables Arthur Miskelly (20), Oliver Weir (23) and Jackie Boyd (21), had denied assaulting Anthony James Quigley, Cailan St., Armagh, on May 1. As Quigley and a young woman companion left the courthouse after the hearing, both were taken into custody by uniformed police and driven in a Land-Rover to RUC Headquarters, Armagh, for interview in connection with other matters. In the witness-box, Quigley alleged that he was ill-treated in a police car and questioned as to what he knew about the Provisional IRA. He told of being driven to a quiet country lane and claimed that he was ordered out of the car and told to get down on his knees and pray. Quigley alleged that when he refused to kneel, two of the policemen started to punch and kick him. When he tried to get away, he was pushed into the hedge. Then he was put back into the car and driven to the barracks. He claimed that on the way there, he was slapped across the face and on getting out of the car, Constable Weir hit him in the face. DOCTOR'S EVIDENCE Dr. Stephen Garvin gave evidence of examining Quigley and finding a bruise on the scalp above the left ear. There was slight bleeding from a scratch on the lobe of his ear and from the lower lip. A slight swelling was visible over the left cheek bone and Quigley had scratches and bruises on the left thigh and right knee. All three police officers denied in the witness box that they had assaulted Quigley. Constable Miskelly said the youth was bundled into the car, but this was because of a previous escape from police, the fact that he was struggling and that an aggressive crowd was gathering. .Witness said he decided to return to the police station via Mullinure Lane because workers were getting out of two factories and it was not a healthy area for the police. At rush hour there were traffic jams in Railway Street which was another particularly bad area for the police. The constable admitted that there were no marks on Quigley when he got into the police car. He could not say where the youth had got the injuries. I know Quigley has no love for the police said the constable. He suggested, under cross-examination, that the youth would be prepared to take a hammering to get back at the R.U.C. Q) in CD CO I. m X -o m O -v r- m z o lt; CD 3 w CD o 53 PUBS TO CLOSE ON SUNDAY'S Dublin pubs may be closed on Sundays, and barmen threatened that their Sunday work ban could escalate to an all-out strike. The dry Sunday decision was taken at a meeting in the city of 1,500 barmen. They want a five-day, 40-hour, Monday-to-Saturday week with overtime on Sundays. The decision comes after months of negotiations between barmen and bosses. General Secretary of the barmen's union, the Irish National Union of Vintners, Grocers and Allied Trades Assistants, Mr. Michael Cleary, warned: If the Sunday ban does not work we will take full strike action. LABOUR COURT The barmen's claim for a Monday-to-Saturday week went to the Labour Court some time ago. But the Court suggested that the barmen go back to the discussion table with the bosses, the Licensed Vintners' Association. Mr. Cleary said yesterday that the discussions had fallen through. The barmen were offered pay rises in the supervisory and apprentice classes if they would agree to a system of part-time labour, he said. But nothing was agreed to on the question of a Monday-to-Saturday week. The offer was refused. The dry Sunday begins on November 17, and Mr. Cleary warned that pubs would not be allowed to open with non-union labour or with bosses pulling the pints. If it is necessary we will place pickets on pubs that attempt to use non-union labour. Our work stoppage on Sundays will mean a complete shut-down, he said. AREAS HIT He added that barmen would not refuse to work in any individual pubs which chose to give them what they wanted. Pubs throughout Dublin, and in the Bray, Wicklow and Dun Laoghaire areas, will be hit by the strike. Hospitals' Report Challenged Comhairle Na nOspideal report on the future development of general hospital services in the Cork city area was challenged when representatives of the management and staff of the Mercy Hospital, Cork, said that the reasoning behind the idea of a single hospital did not bear up under examination. A preliminary report by an independent architect on the future of the Mercy Hospital, which was presented at a press conference, contradicted the comhairle report that it was agreed on economic grounds and in terms of the quality and range of services which could be provided that a single (700-bed) 17,000 In Jail Because Of Drink Prisoners whose real problem is alcoholism should be sent to special rehabilitation centres, Britain's Helping Hand Organisation said in a report published recently. Over half of Britain's 35,000 prisoners are in jail either directly or indirectly because of a drinking problem, the organisation claims. Keeping them in prison at 40 a week is costing the country a staggering 38 million a year. When they leave, the 17,000 men involved still have the problem, and return to prison time and time again. The report, Alcoholism and Crime says this is a wasteful way of dealing with them. The current method of dealing with them is ineffective, the report says Some method other than prison must be devised. Rehabilitation centres of the type run by Helping Hand are cheaper than prison U28- 30 a week instead of 40 a week for prison), but they give the possibility of getting the man over his problems and keeping him out of trouble in *he future . Such ctntr.r :N)uid be encouraged, the report says. And it is critical of the failure to set up detoxification centres. The report quotes research dating from 1966 which showed that 56 per cent of ex-prisoners had a drink problem, and 89 per cent of these said that drink played a part in their last crime. A welter of statistics are quoted to show that in the past 20 years beer consumption has risen 42 per cent, wine 100 per cent, and spirits 116 per cent. Spirit and wine drinking have increased 23 per cent, and 28 per cent, especially in just the past two years. gt; The number of patients attending hospitals for alcoholism or alcoholic psychosis has risen by more than half in five years, and drinks convictions rose by a quarter between 1966 and 1972. There would now seem to be ' enough cumulative evidence of this link to question whether our treatment of alcoholics as criminals is the most humane or even the most productive. The cost of helping a man towards treatment and rehabilitation is far less than the cost of his frequent , stays in H.M. Prisons. Bronx-International Travel, Inc. -c* IRELAND and EUROPEAN TRIP SPECIALISTS Escorted Individual Tours f CARIBBEAN, FLORIDA. CRUISES HONEYMOON PACKAGES 364-3500 2559 Grand Concourse, Nr. Alexanders, Bronx PATGALLEN - PAT MARSH I BOOK IN EYE SHOULD BE E AND LIBRARY Last Words of the 1916 Leaders Prior to being executed by the British Our Games Annual 1975 by g.a.a. Provos Patriots or Terrorists Down Dublin Streets by: Eamonn MacThomais The First Dail Eireann by: Mario Comerford Tragedies Of Kerry by: Dorothy McArdle Robert Emmett's Speech from The Dock Money Order or Check mus't accompany order (Include 1.00 for postage) ORDER FROM: JOE CLARKE 33 O'DONOVAN ROAD SOUTH CIRCULAR ROAD DUBLIN 8, IRELAND Phone - 753-723 UQUHIIII 3.00 1.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 , 50* 25 lt;t hospital was the better solution. The architect's report said that in the light of present experience of large building projects, there appeared to be very strong grounds for doubting that large-scale projects do, in fact lead to an improvement in quality. 'There is increasing conviction among architects that there is no way that a satisfactory environment can be produced in these mammoth schemes. The individual cannot avoid feeling lost and helpless when confronted with a huge building complex. It must be accepted that much ultra-sophisticated equipment and facilities can be justified only in very large hospitals. These facilities are required for only a very small percentage of patients. It is considered that the Mercy Hospital can provide a useful.part of Cork's hospital services in both the interim and long term. Again referring to the comhairle report, the architect commented: We feel they should have been asked what role the hospital, in its present form, or suitably modified and/or extended, could play in the overall hospital services in Cork. The architect's conclusions are that the Mercy in its present form, or preferably extended or modified, could cater for at least 300 patients, reducing the size of the hospital needed on the' north side of the city to a more humane size. Drawings presented showed how the Mercy could be extended by over 80,000 square feet. RECITAL Continued from Page 9 by Mozart, Strauss, Debussy, and Ravel. In addition to the countless recordings Mr. DeVoll has made as tenor soloist with the acclaimed NEW YORK PRO MUSICA, he can be heard on Columbia in a performance of Berlioz' Requiem with the Rochester Oratorio Society. Tickets for the November 24 concert are now on sale at the Alice Tully Hall box office. Box seats are , 4.00; orchestra, balcony, and logue, 3.00. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION: (212)799-7890 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index d01a7003b..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ - CL O LU CL c 2 E LU x o The Persecution Of Eamon McThomas Guerilla War News - o 2 By FRED BURNS O'BRIEN In the 1770's in the British colonies, the American press was dutifully suppressed by the British authorities for purporting to publish ideas on liberty, most of which were concocted in the mind of Englishman Thomas Paine, famous for his phamphlet COMMON SENSE, a virtue the British never possessed. It was the persistent American broadsides perpetuating the ideal of freedom that sustained the rebel army in the most trying times. In the bleakest hours of the fledging Republic, the populace could depend on the dissemination of the free word giving hope courage and bouying hampered spirits. Britain feared the power of the written and spoken word as they do in their colonies today, and this on a parrallel with rebel marksmen. An editor of a newspaper plays a most crucial role in a struggle for the realization of self-determination being the intermediary between military and civilian groupings, maintaining the inertia of both. Eamonn Mac Thomais, editor of AN PHOBLACHT, the newspaper of Provisional Sinn Fein in Ireland is a man analagous in role to Thomas Paine. Mr. Mac Thomais with limited resources and a limited staff faithfully produced and published the weekly periodical, reporting the events of the struggle for freedom in both portions of Ireland. Approximately two years ago, Mr. Mac Thomais was arrested by the Irish Special Branch and charged under the AMENDMENT TO THE OFFICERS AGAINST THE STATE ACT (1972) as belonging to an illegal organization. There is no legal means possible of disproving such charge should one wish to do so, when the state has prejudged guilt by the very fact of such suppressive legislation, the handiwork of an undemocratic nation and government. Upon his release, Mr. Mac Thomais resumed his duties as editor of AN PHOBLACHT and not be be deterred, he once again lashed out in editorials at the inequities in Ireland perpetuated in the North by Britain and in the Free State by the Cosgrave Administration. The truth of his statements and the growth of readership of his newspaper was a detriment to both governmental organs working as a team to terminate the Republican Movement and to keep Ireland partitioned. Much to the chagrin of London and Dublin, the Movement has grown, and at each turn of oppression more people are realizing that the Eamonn Mac Thomais's, the Daithi O'Connail's, the Maire Drumm's, and the Ruairi O'Bradaigh's are not only correct in their purusits, but the only faction telling the truth to the people. The truth is such a rare commodity that it shocks the conscience of an ordinary citizen upon realization that such a virtue still exists. Needless to say, Mr. Mac Thomais has been re-arrested on the exact same charge and given another identical 15 month jail term for belonging to an illegal organization by way of possession of incriminating documents. Simple justice has been rendered a severe blow by this incoherent action. Under English Common Law which the Dublin Government has adopted as its basis of law, there is such an entity known as Double Jeopardy. For those Dublin Ministers in ignorance, this means bluntly that one cannot be tried for the same offense twice. This is precisely what the Free State has done in the Mac Thomais case. The credibility of Dublin is suspect when it flaunts justice so selectively that it would intentionally perpetrate such an abrasion of legality in the realm of double jeopardy. The double arrest and double encarceration of Eamonn Mac Thomais is an abuse of legal process to say the least and an arbitrary utilization of justice for the political purpose of the state.This act of desperation emits an air of doom for a system fraught with such depredations to render it inept in the normal course of things that such extraordinary debauchery must be implemented to protect itself from the truth. 1 ( 11111111111111111111S B11B Q19 B B13161E11 U118111S111111BIE111 f E11IJ I MARY'S I TRAVEL AGENCY 1 43-02 30th AVENUE, ASTORIA, N.YORK 11103 1 AIR-SHIP-BUS TOURS 1 1 CAR RENTAL-HOTELS 1 S PHONE-212-726-7760 10 a.m. to 6 P.m. 212-335-0281 7P.M.T-- o m. The evening sun breaks through the smoke of burning vehicles as rioting broke out afresh on the Falls Road in Belfast. Across the road is a barricade of barrels from a hi-jacked beer lorry. BORDER GUN BATTLE A six-man Provisional-I.R.A. unit were involved in a gun battle with British troops manning a checkpoint along the Armagh-Monaghan border. A British Army spokesman claimed that one of the attackers was seen to fall but this claim was denied by the Provisionals. In a statement the Provisionals said that the attack on the British Army was carried out by the Provisionals' 2nd Battalion in North Armagh. The claim that a 'gunman' was hit was a complete fabrication by the British Army to' conceal the fact that they suffered at least one casualty during the exchange. U.D.R. PATROL UNDER FIRE IN FERMANAGH A four-man Ulster Defence Regiment foot patrol came under fire on the Gortineddan border between Derrylin and Ballyconnell. The men were on observation duty when they heard a noise about 100 yards away and fired an illumination flare. Two men, using automatic weapons, fired 60-70 rounds at them. The U.D.R. patrol returned the fire. No hits were claimed on either side. BUSES BURN AS SNIPERS OPEN FIRE IN DERRY Bus services to Shantallow were suspended after a bus was hijacked and burned near the estate. Three young men boarded it at Racecourse Road and after ordering the driver and passengers off, set fire to the bus. A crowd of about 50 people danced around the burning vehicle. At the same time an Army patrol came under sniper fire. SOLDIERS INJURED IN BOOBY TRAP EXPLOSION ' A five-man Army patrol was called to search an unoccupied house after an anonymous tip off that men had been seen entering the house the night before. The house was in the Meadowbrook Estate in Craigavon, Co. Armagh. Two of the soldiers were searching a cupboard in an upstairs room when a bomb went off injuring one of them severely about the face and legs. The second soldier escaped with minor injuries. LANDMINE ATTACK IN CROSSMAGLEN In Crossmaglen, Co. Armagh an Army foot patrol narrowly escaped injury when alandmine exploded on the Dundalk Road. The bomb contained about 20 lbs. of explosives and the Provisional I.R.A. in the area accepted responsibility. BLAST BOMBS, GUNFIRE AND HI-JACKING IN DERRY An Army foot patrol escaped unhurt when two blast bombs were thrown at them in the Creggan area. Twenty minutes later a number of shots were fired at another patrol nearby. Again no one was hurt. Civilians hijacked a bus and used it to block Buncrana Road at Racecourse Road junction. BOMB ATTACK AND SNIPER FIRE IN BELFAST A blast-bomb was thrown at Andersonstown poljr* -* ;p gt;n t*om outside the high perimeter fence. Twelve high-velocity shots were fired at troops from the junction of Dunmore Street-Clonard Street, an Army spokesman said. There were no casualties and the soldiers returned the fire. An incendiary was found in a store on the Ballysillan Road after a small fire caused slight damage. BRITISH ARMY BOMB MAIN RAIL LINE IN ERROR The Belfast-Dublin Enterprise rail service shuddered to an unscheduled stop when halted by an Army bomb boob. The military explosives operation which went slightly wrong started at about 3:00 p.m. on a narrow border road near Newry. The Army's tactical boffins reckoned that the road was being used for the illegal trafficking of arms. So they ordered it to be cratered. As the army detonated the explosives supervised by railway officials great chunks of border road rocketed up into the air - and plunged down on to the railway track. That put paid to North-South rail traffic on that particular stretch. CLE. in the South and Northern Ireland Railways in the North had o implement a bussing service linking their Dundalk and Portadown train terminals to get passengers up and down from Dublin. PROVISIONALS APOLOGISE TO LOYALIST INTERNEES AT LONG KESH The Ulster Defence Association has received a letter of apology from the Provisional I.R.A. commander in Long Kesh, Dave Morley, for inconvenience and suffering to U.D.A. men as a result of the recent fire in Long Kesh. Morley also makes it clear in the letter that the Provisionals are accepting full responsibility for the damage in the Camp and that they have made representations to the Northern Ireland Office In an attempt to exonerate UDA men from the destruction at the camp. I have informed them that your men were not responsible for the burning of any huts and so they should not be denied visits, and that every effort should be made to ease your conditions before the conditions of the Provos Morley says. CUSTOMS POST AND GARAGE BOMBED IN DERRY A bomb planted by three men, one of them armed with a pistol, destroyed a customs caravan at Buncrana Road. Staff had been ordered out and no one was hurt. About the same time three other men* one armed, left a bomb at the patrol pumps of McLaughlin's garage, also on the Buncrana Road. The bomb exploded about 20 minutes later causing superficial damage but a warning had been given and no one was injured. In Creggan, a group of about seven people tried.to grab a. rifle from a soldier who fired a shot to free himself. An Army spokesman said the incident occurred during a follow-up operation after a shot had been heard in the Central Drive area. BRITISH ARMY BARRACKS BOMBED Two soldiers were killed and many more seriously injured when a bomb exploded at the fringe of the 80 acre British Army Camp at Ballykinlar, Co. Down. A Ford Transit van, packed with explosives had been left parked across the road from where more than 100 off-duty soldiers were having a mid-morning tea-break. The vehicle had been hi-jacked by two armed men in the Andersonstown area of Belfast and it 'was learned that the driver had been warned not to inform the police. The Provisional I.R.A. at Castlewellan accepted responsibility for the blast. About 600 soldiers are based at Ballykinlar and the headquarters of the local Ulster Defence Regiment battalion are also there. Apart from one gunfire attack and two mortar bombs being aimed at it, the I.R.A. have kept away from the camp. The two soldiers who died were named as Private Michael Swanick(20) from Birkenhead and Lance Corporal Alan Coughlan (22) from Newport. CLASHES AT TROOPS OUT RALLY Trouble flared between police and demonstrators on October 27th at a London rally demanding British withdrawal from Northern Ireland. Arrests were made after scuffling broke out minutes after the 2,000 demonstrators reached Temple Green off Victoria Embankment following a three-mile march through Central London. Trouble began after one man was arrested. Within minutes punches were being thrown and running scuffles developed as police made further arrests. Brian Grogan, an organiser said: Prova-. cateurs -Special Branch men and right-wingers deliberately started scuffling in the crowd. The marchers were demanding the pull out of British troops together with self determination for the Irish people as a whole. Miss Joan Maynard, the Left Wing Labour M.P. for Sheffield Brightside, and three other delegates - including another Labour M.P. Mr. Stan Thome - handed a letter listing the demands into 10 Downing Street. Miss Maynard said: I am not asking for troops to be pulled out next week or next month but we must set a date and I think it should be sooner rather than later. Britain began the Irish problem but will never be able to solve it. Bainbridge Deli 2641 Bainbridge Ave. 236 f. HWb Sfrwt Muuul Stated * CATERING FOR BIL OCCASIONS PHOMfc FC 4-3432 Briggs Deli ill Deli 2346 G-nhill Road - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1cb7a0585..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Irish May Be Most Fed But They Are Not The Best Fed, Says Lecturer On Nutrition By DR. DAVID NOWLAN Government and the absentee landlords could never have come to fruition. Between 1785 and 1841 there was an unprecedented population explosion in Ireland. The population increased from three millions to over eight millions-an explosion that would have been impossible to sustain had the potato not been available at that time to feed the people. A vicious circle was started in which more potatoes were required to support more and more peopfe and more prolific varieties of potato were introduced. But these newer varieties were more susceptible to disease and consequently the stage was set for the potato famines. After the famines, the whole pattern of fertility changed again and by the 1880s agricultural reform had been effected and, said Dr. Doyle, the diet of the general population had greatly improved. But poverty was still widespread, especially in the cities. By 1914 26,000 families lived in 5,000 tenement houses in Dublin. Great strides had been made since the foundation of the State, said Dr. Doyle, and all could be justly proud of the improvement in general standards of living and in the reduction of poverty. But he warned against complacency: It is obvious to anybody who travels our towns and countryside that many families even today fall below the bare subsistence existence. Yet in 1974, he went on, no person or agency in the State is actually aware of our true nutritional status. Dr. Doyle urged a repetition of the magnificent and significant nutrition survey conducted by the Department of Health in 1948. That survey (which included very detailed and specific nutritional data) had shown that the total per capita calorie intake was 2,800 a day. More recent figures relseased by the O.E.C.D. and the World Health Organisation show that Ireland now has an average per capita calorie intake of 3,473 a day-one of the highest in the world. The Irish are probably still the world's largest consumers of potatoes: they consume 124 metric tons per thousand of the population, compared with, for instance, 98 per thousand in France, 83 in Denmark f mg mg and 14 in JaPan- And while the Irish vi GOli XJ consume almost double the milk products recorded for any other country, the consumption of fruit, fish and vegetable oils in Ireland is low. By contrast, the consumption of refined sugars is higher in Ireland than THE IRISH may be the most fed people in the world, but they are not the best fed. This was made clear in the Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, on Saturday night, when Dr. J. Stephen Doyle called for the development of a national nutrition policy. Dr. Doyle, a consultant in the Richmond Hospital, Dublin, was delivering his presidential address to the Biological Society of the R.C.S.I. and, in a comprehensive historical review of nutrition in Ireland, he managed to cast considerable doubts on the contribution made by the potato to this country's history. Prior to the introduction of the potato in the late 16th or early 17th century, the Irish, Dr. Doyle said, were very well fed on a most varied diet of cereals, fruits,vegetables, milk and milk products, meats and poultry. The main source of sweetening was honey, and from this came also the mead which was a prominent liquor. But more prevalent was ale, made from barley, and wine was imported from the Continent. The potato almost certainly came into Ireland by way of this European trade and not, as has traditionally been accepted, through its importation by Sir Walter Raleigh (who probably never met the common potato, although he may have brought sweet potatoes to Youghal from either Virginia or the Azores). Whatever its means of entry to the Irish agronomy, Dr. Doyle endorsed the view put forward by Dr. A. T. Lucas when he said that the introduction of the potato was an ethnographical disaster leading to a fearfully over-simplified existence for a very considerable fraction of the population with the consequent disappearance of many of the activities associated with older methods of food production and a quite abnormal truncation of many aspects of Irish rural life in the 18th and 19th centuries. As Dr. Doyle himslef put it: Without this root vegetable, Solanum tuberosum, the Machievellian activities of the London ?L F Challenge To The National A -jucion for Irish Freedom has this date sent the following letter to Hugh L. Carey, Governor-elect of the State of New York. elsewhere. 'These figures, said Dr. Doyle, indicate that there is a complete lack of a national nutrition policy at this time in our country. INCREASED OBESITY He argued that, in contrast with the 19th century, the Irish are now suffering from over-nutrition, which he defined as food intake exceeding calorie expenditure leading to increased obesity. As a result, and in common with other communities, the Irish are now suffering an epidemic of heart and blood vessel disease. 'The combination of this immediate problem with the closely associated problem of fibre-depleted diets is one which must be tackled and tackled urgently by our Department of Health, said Dr. Doyle. He proposed the urgent setting-up of a national nutrition council on which would be represented animal and human nutritionists, dieticians, doctors and both the producers and consumers of foodstuffs. Dr. Doyle noted that positive action had solved earlier medical problems: the establishment of fever hospitals had controlled the epidemic diseases of typhus and cholera, and more recently tuberculosis had been almost completely eradicated. We must now turn to the latest cause of epidemics in our midst and treat this problem as radically as previously, he said. He thought it unfortunate that there was a grave shortage of troops to fight this particular war only 22 full-time dieticians are employed by hospitals or local authorities, he pointed out. I would suggest that it is time that Irish lives were saved by enabling dieticians to educate our people, said Dr. Doyle, adding that a national nutrition policy would not only save lives but would also save money-by saving bed-days in Irish hospitals. He concluded: 'The next decade is critical in the nutritional status of the Irish and positive action must be taken by the Government to prevent further disasters. Now is the time to give example to our modern communities and change the Irish from being the greatest calorie consumers to being the best fed people in the world. SPECTACULAR ADVOCACY Dr. Doyle was followed by Mr. Denis Burkitt, the internationally-known Irish surgeon, who delivered what can only be described as a spectacular advocacy of the need to get more fibre into the average diet. Man, he said, might well eat a diet that was nutritionally adequate but his concern was with the non-nutritional element of that diet. Clark Defends Baltimore Four Former United States Attorney General Ramsey Clark has joined the Irish Lawyers Defense Committee and is expected to argue the case of the Baltimore Four in the Federal Court Baltimore on November 11,1974. The Four, Michale Larkin, Jim Conlon, Frank McMahon, and Harry Hillick were given six (6) years in the Federal Penitentiary on July 8, 1974, by Judge Edward Northrop, Jr. following their conviction for Violating the Gun Control Act of 1968. The circumstances surrounding the conviction indicated that U.S. Government Agents had apprehended a large shipment of arms believed bound to the I.R.A. in Northern Ireland. Since their incarceration, the four men have been subjected to unusually harsh treatment. They have been separated, kept in solitary confinement for long periods and assigned to maximum security prisons far removed from their families and friends. Jim Conlon, a native of Belfast, married and with four (4) small children has been sent to Leavenworth, Kansas, some 1,500 miles from his home in Queens. His family lacks the prohibitive financial resources needed to visit him there. Similarly, Frank McMahon, who is in Atlanta, Georgia, and Harry Hillick, who is in Terre Haute, Indiana, have been effectively deprived of their visitation rights by the long distances that separate them from their relatives. Mr. McMahon's only sister in the U.S. is a nun living in the outskirts of Philadelphia, while He attributed the increase in Western societies of a large number of diseases to the fact that Western diets were seriously deficient in fibre, and drew a correlation between the size and softness of the stool with the absence of such conditions as piles, hiatus hernia, gall-bladder disease, inflamation and cancer of the large bowel, appendicitis and increased serum cholesterol. Paradoxically, perhaps, the more fibrous the food the softer the stool. What goes in hard comes out soft, said Mr. Burkitt, and what goes in soft comes out hard. This might be why, in Africa, where the fibre content of the diet is high, the conditions listed were practically non-existent. More money was now spent in one year removing gall bladders from North Americans than on total health care in all of Africa, he said. Mr. Burkitt was followed by Dr. Brendan Hensey, secretary of the Continued on Page 17 Mr. Hillick's brothers and sisters live in Queens and Nassau Counties in New York. Michael Larkin, the only native U.S. bom of the Four, is in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania where he has been repeatedly questioned about his Irish Activities and where on at least one occasion he has been the subject1 of camera surveillance from the roof-top of an adjoining building in the prison complex. But the most distrubing feature of their confinement so far has. been their repeated visits from U.S. Government Treasury Agents. These agents, some of whom participated in their actual trial and sat at the prosecutors table, have visited some or all of the Four at different times in an effort to get them to discuss details of the incidents which led to their convictions. The men never received any notice in advance of their coming and have never been given an opportunity to have counsel present during the interview. In one instance, Jim Conlon had a visit from two agents who told him for the first time that he was to be deported to Belfast but, they indicated, they would prevent this, if he would only talk to the Attorney General. Two (2) days following their visit, he received a Notice of Commencement of Deportation proceedings to Belfast from the Department of Immigration and Naturalization. It has been surmised that both agencies are combining their functions to pressure Mr. Conlon to talkwith the Attorney General. The same two (2) agents who visited Mr. Conlon in Leavenworth also visited Mr. McMahon in Atlanta and in the past week, Mr. Hillick has likewise been informed of Deportation proceedings. All of the above have prompted the bringing of a motion for review of sentence before Judge Northrop on the ground that his function in determining punishment has been usurped by the punitive actions of Government Agencies, the Bureau of Prisons and the Attorney Generals Office who have, by these actions, enlarged upon the sentence of the Court. Mr. Clark has long been an Advocate of Federal Prison Reform and is no stranger to the Irish American scene. A Native of Texas, he gave repeated counsel to the attorneys for the Fort Worth Five during their fight for the release of the men from Tarrant County Jail and he was defense counsel along with Paul O'Dwyer on the Berrigan case in Pennsylvania. ? en x m 3 35 x -o m O r- m s CD 3 cr CD G gt; We congratulate you on your outstanding victory this past week. In view of your positions now as head of the Democratic Party in the second most populous state in the nation, as well as being an individual now being talked about openly as a possible national candidate in 1976, we urge that you have the question of Northern Ireland brought before the mid-term Democratic Party Convention in Kansas City this December. We would urge that the Democratic Party be put on record as supporting the full implementation of civil rights for the people in the North of Ireland, As the minimum steps in this direction, this would require that the Convention support the following demands as voiced by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association: Immediate end to internment Repeal, in total, of the Emergency Provisions Act The withdrawal of troops to barracks pending their complete withdrawal We would expect that these legitimate demands will gain the support of all people who believe in the cause of elementary justice. Statements of concern by individuals are no longer enough. It must be the stated policy of the Democratic Party to pursue these basic demands. WEB OFFSET uonQuord offset printers inc. One Evans Terminal Hillside, New Jersey 201-355-1100 Complete Composition, Paste-Up, Camera, Stripping and Platemaking facilities CIRCULARS MAGAZINES NEWSPAPERS CATALOGUES - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e073d95df..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CD LU -J O. O LU Ou X CO British Minister's Car Is Blasted A BRITISH Labour Minister's car exploded with his wife and son inside. The car- belonging to Sports Minister Mr. Denis Howell-was blasted in the driveway of his Moseley (Birmingham) home. Mr. Howell's wife and son, David (10), were badly shaken but otherwise unhurt. Mr. Howell said Apparently David and my wife were taking the car out of the drive to collect my daughter, who was with schoolfirends, when it exploded. Fears of a wave of bomb assassination attempts mounted and security was being stepped up as this was the third bomb in Birmingham in a week, the previous two having been found and dismantled. Mr. Howell, speaking on ITN's News at Ten, said his wife had used the car all day. She drove me to the station this morning and then did some shopping in it. I don't know what happened to the car but I gather the windows of the house and the neighbour's houses have been blown out. Asked if he had any idea why he had been chosen as a target, Mr. Howell said: I have no idea. One just uses one's imagination. I am like a lot of other innocent victims.' Next-door neighbour, Mrs. William Eard, said they ran out after the explosion. It was Mr. Howell's car. It was parked at the side of his house where there is a space and where he normally leaves it. By the time we got outside there was a small crowd of people and very shortly police arrived. Mrs. Howell was perfectly all right. Immigration Program On Cable TV John Collins, Chairman of the American Irish National Immigration Committee will appear on the Irish Freedom Show on Sunday, November 17th. Mr. Collins will explain the many problems facing Irishmen and women wishing to emmigrate to the United States since the passage of a restrictive immigration law in 1965. Other officers of the Immigration Committee appearing on the panel are Tom Feeney, Nassau County, Sean Kelly, Westchester County, and Eugene Byrne from New Jersey. The panel members will inform the viewers of the programs being initiated to correct the injustices of the present immigration law. The immigration problem is a problem that threatens all Irish-American organizations and in fact threatens the future existence of the Irish-American community and culture in the United States. The program also includes opinion from some local Irish-American neighborhoods. Pat Lyons, of the Hi-Spots Showband is interviewed at the Four Green Fields Pub in Woodside. Sean Dunphy, currently on a tour of the U.S., explains his views at Durty Nelly's Pub in the Kingsbridge section of the Bronx. The Inwood area is represented by Terry Connaughton, President of the Caelic Athletic Association, and Jim O'Sullivan of the Tara Irish Gift Shop. Entertainment on the program features performances by the Hi-Spots Showband and the Sean Dunphy All-Stars. The program can be seen in Manhattan on Cable TV, Channel D, from 5:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. on Sunday, November 17th. It will be repeated Uptown on Teleprompter Cable TV, Channel D, from 9 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. on Tuesday, November 19th. The programs are sponsored by the Washington Heights-lnwood Chapter of the Free Ireland Clubs. HOUSES DAMAGED Police said the blast had damaged houses nearby with many windows blown in. They refused to confirm whether or not it was a car bomb. There was no warning given as far as we know, said a police spokesman. Earlier in the day, Army bomb disposal experts dismantled a bomb attached under a car belonging to a Birmingham city magistrate, Col. IN CHICAGO IT'S O'NEILL'S LOUNGE 6100 North West Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60039 ENTERTAINMENT FRI. SAT. (312) ME 7-9888 Geoffrey Grey, in the garage of his home in Bristol Street, Edgbaston. It was a similar device to that found attached to the underside of a car belonging to magistrate, Mrs. Eunice Sard, of Wheeleys Road, Edgbaston, last Thursday when five sticks of gelignite were used. Mr. Howell was among Ministers at the traditional eve-of-Parliament party at 10 Downing Street when the car exploded. Provos Threaten Black Watch THREATS of retaliation against the 1st Battalion, the Black Watch, which completed a tour of duty in Andersontown, Belfast, last month, have been made by the Provisional I.R.A. The unit has moved to Colchester to rejoin families there. Strict security precautions have been put into effect at Colchester to guard against possible reprisal action. In a statement, the Provisional I.R.A.'s 1st Battalion in Andersonstown declared: We will not be forced into a stand-up confrontation with British troops. We will pick our own time and place. The Provisionals claimed that retaliatory action would be taken because the Black Watch had acted like animals and terrorised the people of Andersonstown. Whether the threat of reprisals is merely part of a continuing propaganda war or not, security officials at the British army's Northern Ireland headquarters at Lisburn said that it obviously could not be ignored. The attacks on the Paras at Aldershot in retaliation for Bloody Sunday, and last week's bomb at Ballykinlar, Co. Down, claimed by the South Down Provisional I.R.A. as a retaliation against the 1st Battalion, Duke of Edinburgh's Royal Regiment, are sufficient precedent to arouse concern. All units leaving Northern Ireland are warned to watch for possible action by the I.R.A. in England.This warning will be repeated to members of the Black Watch. Officially, the army were saying little.'They confined their comments to a brief statement which said: 'Threats such as these are nothing new from the Provisional I.R.A. Security sources disclosed the contents of a hand-written letter caught in transit between Dave Morely, said to be Officer Commanding the Provisional I.R.A.'s 4th Battalion in the Prison, and Brendan Darkie Hughes, former Belfast Brigade leader, now in Crumlin Road Jail. lt; UNITED EFFORT The letter was intercepted on Saturday when a prisoner being moved to Crumlin Road was spotted trying to slip it under the daor of Hughes's cell. In it, Morley congratulated the prisoners in Crumlin Road Jail on their riots the day after Republican prisoners burnt more than half the camp down. It said: This united effort in the prisons in the North has illustrated the determination of I.R.A. volunteers never to bow the knee to the enemy, even when captured and greatly outnumbered. Morley goes on to say that things are improving in Long Kesh and that morale is high. Most of those who received cuts and bruises had recovered, and those in hospital were expected back in the next week or so. A statement smuggled out from sentenced Republican prisoners in Long Kesh said they were not interested in meeting a three-man delegation from the S.D.L.P. due to visit the jail tomorrow. 9 * ********* ** NEWS FROM CHIGAGO* By John A. Lonergan This weekend we have received a whole lot of HELP in selling OUR PAPER. IT IS YOUR PAPER. IT is printed every week and sent all around the world so that the TRUE STORY about the happenings over in the HOMELAND might be told. IT IS THE STORY of OUR brave people who refuse to bend the knee to Britain. OUR PEOPLE over there are suffering indescribable oppressions from a ruthless and sadistic invader. This week we received HELP from REAL DEDICATED SONS and DAUGHTERS of IRELAND. The work of EMMET and KAY O'Duignan as well as Mike Farley was outstanding. We are receiving more HELP all the time and OUR circulation is increasing as well as OUR advertising. To the above mentioned people and also Frank Costello, Stanley P. O'Sullivan, Brian Mitchell...Daniel O'Rourke, we wish to say THANK YOU on behalf of IRELAND. YOU have thru your dedication given HER just reason to feel proud of YOU. To OUR Radio announcers we also owe a vote of THANKS. Some of them have really gone out of their way to announce OUR PAPER. Pat Roche in particular has very consistently every week urged his listeners to read and buy and subscribe to the PAPER. We are very grateful and also to the many other RADIO ANNOUNCERS. I met up with MISS UNITY last Sunday Night over in the A.O.H. Hall. She is a lovely young Girl only 19 years of age, 5'-7 Tall and has what it takes including a lovely pair of Blue Eyes. She is MAUREEN O'Donnell and her Mother bore the fine name of Quinn before marriage. How I love to meet up with the Children of so many of my FRIENDS. GOD is so good to me and HE has certainly Blessed my . Friends with such Lovely and GOOD CHI LDREN. I really am at a loss for words and unable to express my THANKS and the THANKS of Mrs. Lonergan to ever so many of YOU who showed us such consideration this past week. Believe YOU, it has not been always easy -jl' in the cold, rain, wind, and so forth in the selling of OUR PAPER. YOU WERE ALL SO NICE THIS PAST WEEKEND. WE sold so many PAPERS-YOUR PAPER. PLEASE GOD, BLESS THESE FINE PEOPLE. We must all of us be sincere with one another and also honest enough with one another to recognize the worth and effort put into OUR HOLY CAUSE not only by OURSELVES but by OUR fellow Irishman or lrishwoman...WE must end this severe criticism of one anothers efforts because their ideas were not ours or did not eminate from OUR mind...We are all in this together and must cooperate with one another in and for our holy cause... If we meet (and we should) and deliberate and evaluate one anothers ideas then we should UNITE and go thru with the IDEA decided on...WE ARE NOT ALL CHIEFS...WE are all Mother Irelands Children and SHE is depending on all of us...We must be tolerant of one another PLEASE TRY IT 0UT...A CHAIN IS AS STRONG AS ITS WEAKEST LINK...WE ALL KNOW THIS...In OUR case (I think you will agree) ALL OF OUR LINKS ARE NOT TOGETHER ...YOU should J remember that there are millions of IRISH who have never seen the GREEN or EMERALD ISLE...IN their hearts they love YOU who were born in IRELAND... YOU are their inspiration and of their *W blood...TOGETHER ...NO ONE CAN BEAT US...PLEASE do not allow anyone to dissipate our strength to such an extent as to render -J , us ineffective...JESUS CHRIST was bom in a stable, this fact did not make HIM a horse...The place or Country of YOUR BIRTH does not -J* necessarily make YOU or I an IRISHMAN or a Frenchman or What have you...PLEASE let us all join together and UNITE...OVER in the J HOMELAND we have a RUTHLESS AGGRESSOR who is Oppressing OUR PEOPLE... OUR KIN...KIN FOLKS of OUR BL00D...REMEMBER it was CHRIST WHO SAID... WHAT SO Jl EVER YOU DO TO THESE YOU DO UNTO ME ...WHAT SAY YOU. iJlllllllllllllllllBllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIISIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlf The Land and People of I IRELAND by Elinor O'Brien * * * * * * * * * 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 THE FOXES DEN BAR GRILL BEER WINES LIQUOR CATERING 3344 Fort Independence St., Bronx, N.Y. 549-9721 'Relax And Enjoy OurWarm,Friendly Atmosphere' BRENDAN STACK. PROPRIETOR CROSSROADS TRAVEL INC. 2482 Jtronit Avenue, Bronx, lew York 10484 AT FORDHAM ROAD Airlines And Steamship Reservations 212-SE-3-2400 212-SE-3-2401 Kerrish And Halpin Associates * * * * fr fr fr ***** ; The story of Ireland from St. Patrick and the Irish Missionaries 2 who brought light to Europe during the Dark Ages, to the modern Ireland of today with its civil and religious.strife. The history, 5 geography, and culture of the Emerald Isle complete with map and photogrpahs. Exceptionally good reading and a must for 2 your reference library. In beautiful Kelly-Green binding . . . makes Z an ideal Christmas gift. IRELAND 5 Send check P.O. Box 829 E 2 or money order Levittown, Pa. E E for 4.95 to 19058 TiiiiiimniniimiiiiiiiminimmmiiniiiiiiiinnniiiiiiiB IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE ... Is the name of the well * ORGANIZED ORGANIZATION over in IRELAND with also hundreds of UNITS here in the UNITED STATES that is collecting-JB. money and for the relief of OUR OPPRESSED PEOPLE in IRELAND...YOUR DONATION is recorded and YOU will receive a g receipt...WE HERE in Chicago have RECEIPTS from New York and IRELAND and QUR cancelled Check for all HELP sent to OUR and YOUR PEOPLE... YOU HAVE MY WORD FOR THAT...PLEACE J? REMEMBER YOUR PEOPLE... 312-WA-5-8896 E t South Side Unit J1 m 6953 So.Damen Ave. Chicaqo, III. 60636 1******* ***** 2708 SEDGWICK AVE. (COR. KINGSBRIDGE. ROAD) BRONX WEDNESDAY. AND THURSDAY. THE BARDS FRIDAY DERMIE MACK AND THE CAVERN SATURDAY JUST 3 sunday JOE NELLANY AND THE SLIGO ACI TUESDAY DERMIE AND FRANK McKENNA Props: John Byrne and Dan Ryan Phone: 549-9895 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5bc11f5ba..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page17/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -What Price An 'Invisible' Barrier The Dail was amazed to learn that the cost of installing the new electrically-operated barriers at the two entrances to Leinster House was 19,500 pounds of which 15,000 pounds went to the firm which supplied and installed the barriers, and the balance was spent on buildings and work to prepare the site. The information came in a written reply to Major Vivion de Valera who asked for the cost of providing the old pole barriers and the new ones. Mr. Ryan, Minister'for Finance, told him the pole barriers were supplied and installed at a total cost of 900 pounds. And the nrice of eating in the restaurants at Leinster House has risen dramatically this week. Increases range from 20 to 50 per cent. Critical Lack Of Engineers Waterford Badly Hit THE RELUCTANCE of young engineers to enter the public sector is causing major problems for local authorities throughout the country, who are finding themselves faced with an acute shortage of qualified civil engineering staff. The difficulties are particularly appar k in Waterford, where the coui.ty manager, Mr. C. O'Connor and the acting city manager, Mr. T. chael Doody, have prepared a record estimate for development schemes, totaling over 51/a million pounds. Many major works, however, have been held up because of the failure to recruit a sufficient number of engineers for the staff in both the city and county. Newly qualified engineers have 3 Die In Accidents Girls Seriously Injured A MAN WHOSE wife and two daughters died in the 1968 Aer Lingus Viscount crash off the Wexford coast was killed early on Saturday morning when his car was in collision with a CLE. bulk cement carrier near Perry Bridge, Clonlara, about four miles from Limerick City. He was one of three people killed in road accidents over the weekend. He was Mr. Ignatius Gallivan, aged about 45, of Raheen Heights, who was employed at the new Wyeth (Ireland) Limited factory, Askeaton, Co. Limerick. He is survived by his second wife, three sons, his mother, brother and sisters. In another accident Mr. David Hartigan, aged about 46 years, of Croom, Co. Limerick, was dead on admission to the Regional Hospital, Limerick, after being struck by a car while walking on the main road near his home over the weekend. The man who was killed in a two-car collision on the Derry-Limavaddy road at Eglintoh on Friday night has been named as Mr. Joseph McKinney, aged 48, of Hunger Strike Protest Continued from Page 4 Brandywell district but no one was hit. Widespread rioting and hijacking of vehicles took place in Dungannon during which two buses and a number of cars were set on fire. Troops and police who were to the scene in an attempt to clear the blocked approach roads to the town came under fire and were forced to retreat. In Coalisland over 5,000 people accompanied the remains of Hugh Coney when they arrived'from the mortuary at Lagan Bank, Belfast. A volley of shots were fired over the hearse by men wearing paramilitary uniforms and no troops or police were.visible in the area. the circumstances of the fatal shooting of 24-year-old Mr. Coney would be investigated by the RUC and the British army's special investigation branch, the Secretary for State, Mr. Rees, told the British House of Commons yesterday. The escape tunnel had only been recently dug, it is believed, when it was decided to take advantage of the disruption of normal procedures at the camp following the recent burnings. Using spoons and other crude tools, the men in Cage 5, known as the Mole Hill because of previous tunnelings, began to excavate and went five feet down and 65 yards across until they were just outside the final perimeter fence. Film issued by the Northern Ireland Office showed compound five, with a hole 18 inches in diameter in the floor of the hut and it was through this hole that the 30 or so men made their attempt for freedom. Soil brought out of the tunnel was not noticed because it was scattered Gortgar Cottages, Greysteel, Co. Derry. His five-year-old daughter, Catherine Anne, who was seriously injured, was reported to be showing continuing improvement. She is in Altnagelvin Hospital, Derry. Mrs. Mary O'Hare, of 56 Hillcrest East, Lucan, Co. Dublin, was injured yesterday afternoon when her car overturned at Cooladangan Bridge near Arklow, Co. Wicklow. She was taken to St. Columcille's Hospital, in Loughlinstown, where she was said to be in a comfortable condition. Gardai in Dublin were still investigating the accident at Milltown Road early yesterday morning when a white Jaguar car went out of control, struck three oncoming cars, and eventually ended up in the Dodder river. When gardai arrived on the scene there was nobody in the car and its engine was still ticking over as it lay partially submerged in the water. Gardai think that the car may have been stolen and the occupant ran away after the crash. None of the people in the three cars it hit were injured. among the blaze debris. A spokesman at the Northern Ireland office said it was not known when the tunnel had been.started, although republican sources in the city seem to believe it began shortly after the fire. When the detainees started their break-out the area around the camp was shrouded in thick mist and visibility was reduced to about 300 yards. The men went under three fences and came up just outside the blast fence. It was then according to British Army statements that they were discovered by a routine Army patrol . Most of the men were quickly rounded up but some others, who had split into small groups, had already passed through tangles of barbed wire further on. One of these groups passed a new army watch tower close to the M1 motorway and at this point the army says, they were challenged, failed to stop, and two shots were fired killing Cooney. The British army said that it appeared some of the men were armed. But a spokesman at the Northern Ireland Office said that no weapons were recovered in subsequent follow-up searches. Disturbance broke out in republican compounds shortly after the escape and republican detainees tried to stage a breakout through the main gates. The British army was called in by the Governor and rubber bullets and CS. gas were used to quell the rioting. Seventy members of Provisional Sinn Fein staged a torchlight protest march through the centre of Dublin. They were led by four men carrying a mock coffin shoulder-high and marchers carried banners calling for an end to internment and comparing Long Kesh with Coldftz and Belsen. been drifting to the private sectors where incentives seem to be much greater. And the president of the Institution of Engineers of Ireland, Mr. Finbarr Callanan, warned last night that the trend would continue unless the local authorities and the public service urgently up-dated their old administrative structures. INDUSTRY Mr. Callanan, whose organization represents 2,500 of the 3,500 engineers in the country, said last night that about 250 engineers per year were graduating for our universities. Ireland is advancing industrially at a great rate, but we still have the smallest number of engineers per 1,000 of population of -all the developed countries of the world, he said. The majority of our engineers are employed the public sector- something which is not the case in more highly industrialised countries. But the trend is changing and engineers find a lack of fulfillment now in the public service, where they feel they have been tied to old administrative structures geared to an ongoing, rather than a forward-looking structure, Mr. Callanan said. The Institution, he said, had submitted proposals of various kinds to the Department of Local Government and two reports-the Donovan Report and the Clerkin Report-on the restructuring of local authorities had also been submitted. No action has been taken, Mr. Callanan added. With the increasing industrialisation, he said, young engineers were very reluctant to go into local authority structures, where there was limited advancement, when they could go into the private sector where they had a better future. There is a big number of vacancies in local authorities at the moment, said Mr. Callanan. Twenty years ago, a local authority position was a very prized one, indeed, but not any more. Mr. Callanan said Waterford's problem was not by any means peculiar. His organization had had reports of a similar position in various parts of the country, including Dublin. We have heard of these problems from all over-and I am sure the Minister, Mr. Tully, is hearing them regularly, too, he said. Commenting on the increased estimates for the 1975 financial year for Waterford City and county, acting city manager Mr. Doody said that a serious aspect of the entire development programmes was the critical shortage of engineering staff. This continued to impede progress in many services and unless the staffing position improved it would be difficult to fulfil the entire programme. Mr. Doody said that with a total budget for 1975 in excess of 5.3 million pounds it was imperative that this staffing problem should continue to receive close attention and it was a matter which the Department of Local Government should consider very seriously. The Waterford Co. Manager, Mr. O'Connor, said the County Council was equally concerned about the situation and both he and Mr. Doody had advertised extensively over the past six months to recruit civil engineers but the response so far has been most unsatisfactory. No improvement in this respect was expected until conditions and incentives had been made more attractive for engineers in the public sectors, Mr. O'Connor added. Gl Insurance P l ies BRONX, N.Y. - Many veterans allow their Gl insurance policies to lapse because of neglect rather than intent, according to Frank V. Votto, Director, New York State Division of Veterans' Affairs. A number of them, he said, develop the habit of riding the grace period for premium payments. Then, NUTRITION Continued from Page 15 Department of Health, who brought some cool Civil Service caution to Dr. Doyle's advocacy of a national nutrition council. It would be very difficult, he said, for the Department of Health to undertake an education or publicity programme in respect of nutrition. For one thing it was difficult to convince people to eat things other than what they liked to eat. For another, there would have to be one education policy for the rich and another for the poor. Further, the Department might find itself in conflict with many other national interests like Bord Bainneor the Pigs and Bacon Commission. And finally, Dr. Hensey suggested, it would be difficult to advocate a particular nutritional policy when the doctors themselves were frequently in a state of disagreement on just what nutrition was best. He wondered if it might not be more realistic for the Department of Health to aim at trying to change the whole way of life (by, for instance, encouraging people to take more exercise) rather than concentrating soley on nutrition. This was the sort of question, he added, which the proposed health education bureau would be asked to look into. Other speakers on Saturday night were Dr. Harry O'Flanagan, registrar of the College of Surgeons, who spoke on progress in the building of the new college in York Street, and Dr. A. H. G. Love, professor of experimental medicine in Queen's , University, .Belfast they forget to mail their payment before the deadline, unknowingly allowing their policies to lapse. This lapse often occurs, the Director noted, just when a veteran's family needs adequate insurance protection. Director Votto urged area veterans, hooked on this habit, to overcome it by bringing premium payments up to date and by making future payments before the grace period. He also reminded veterans to include their mailing address and insurance policy number with all correspondence concerning their government insurance. This, he said, will insure prompt and proper attention to their inquiries. The Director invited veterans seeking information on the various Gl insurance programs to visit the local counseling center of the New York State Division of Veterans' Affairs located at 310 E. Kingsbridge Road or 1910 Monterey Ave. or call 584-3274,731-8070. Thanksgiving Eve Benefit For Legal Aid BRONX, N.Y.-ln Baltimore, Maryland, on July 8, 1974, four men accused of transporting guns from Maryland to New York and intended for the North of Ireland were sentenced to prison terms of six years each despite pleas that they had committed no crime against the United States. The four men have since been referred to as the Baltimore Four. The four are James Conlon, resident of Queens, N.Y.; Kiernan F. McMahon, resident of Silver Springs, Maryland; Harry1 Hillik, resident of Washington, D.C; ' and Francis M. Larkin, resident of Riverdale, Maryland. During the trial, Defense Attorney Frank Durkin of the firm of O'Dwyer Bernstein told U.S. District Judge Edward S. Northrop that 'Their brothers and sisters are dying and they felt they should respond to a cry for help. Indeed, Mr. Conlon had given expression to the motivations of the four men when he declared during the trial that Someone has to help our people. At the trial Judge Northrop said that I find it difficult to sentence you men, because although you have violated the law, you are not criminals in the true sense. However, since sentencing the four men have received unusually harsh and punitive treatment. They were first kept in solitary confinement, then sent to four separate maximum security prisons in various parts of the country, and their right to attend Mass was suspended for a time. Great hardship is placed on the families of the men in that their efforts to exercise their right to visit the men in prison are very much thwarted due to traveling expense. In the case of Mr. Conlon, who resides in Queens, N.Y. and is confined to prison in Leavenworth, Kansas, his wife and four children certainly cannot look forward to exercising their visiting rights. Additional and very alarming harassment has been meted out to Mr. Conlon and Mr. Hillik. They have been put under threat of deportation if they do not cooperate with government agents who have visited them in prison. An appeal on behalf of these men will be made in mid-November. In the hope of defraying some of the costs of legal defense and to make it possible for the men to be visited by their families, Bronx Division of the Irish-American Legal.Aid Fund will hold a dance on Thanksgiving Eve, November 27th, at Gaelic Park Casino. Honoary chairmen of the dance are Michael Gorman and Phil Brennan, the Chairman is Jim O'Gara. Music at the dance will be donated by the Hibernians. Admission to the dance is 5.00 per person. For tickets and information please call 367-7128 or 242-1765. On this Thanksgiving Eve, please come and show your support of those who are giving so much for Freedom. ? CO O H X m O) WOOLSIDi Featuring SIZZLING STEAK DINNERS and A Complete Menu MUSIC FRI., SAT. and SUN. Open 7 Days A Week. STEAKIKMJSE 'THE PLACE TO EAT IN QUEENS 61st Street and Roosevelt Avenue, Woodside OPEN FOR LUNCH AND DINNER 429-9354 PROPRIETOR JOE CORNYN MUSIC AND ENTERTAINMENT THURSDAY-FRIDAY SATURDAY AND SUNDAY - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 9cebc5e91..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page18/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CO en Hi -J Cu o LU CL X CO Dubli In S T LU X H o t CO JQ E gt; O Z Dublin 1-11 Tipperary 1-11 Tipperary have, on occasion, inexplicably run-out of steam in the second half of many important fixtures, but whatever the reason for their fade out in the second period of the National League Division l tie against Dublin at Croke Park, the wind cannot be their alibi for they were favoured by this element during the closing 30 minutes. The few Dublin supporters who opted against the journey to Killarney would prefer to see it in the light of a fine spirited rally by their favourites, and this viewpoint would be justified, for when the Dubliners found their rhythm after numerous changes in the second half they were most convincing. Tipperary had enjoyed a five points' lead with wind advantage to come at the interval, but it was they who were fighting for the equaliser as time ran out. The Dublin changes, both positional and in personnel, played a vital part in the side's comeback against all the odds. No sooner was Convention Continued from Page 2 Rochester, New York, was selected as the site of the 1975 convention which will be held October 23, 24, 25. The following resolutions were passed: The 79th Annual Convention of the Knights of Equity, a national Irish Catholic organization, met at the Buffalo Statler Hilton Hotel and adopted resolutions demanding that British troops be removed from Northern Ireland and that they be replaced with United Nations forces to restore peace and order. The body wants all of Ireland united as one nation and its future government determined by a vote of all the people, both north and south. The Knights condemned the suspension of civil rights, and imprisonment without trial, existing today under English rule. The decision of the United States Supreme Court allowing abortion on demand was also condemned as murder of the unborn. It was resolved to join Right to Life groups which are seeking a Constitutional Amendment to reverse the Supreme Court decision. Efforts to secure government aid to non-public schools are to be continued as the failure to secure aid will result in the closing of many private schools and deny to parents their basic right to determine the education of their children. Closing of non-public schools is seen as resulting in a monopoly of education by State and Federal government and contrary to the history of education in America allowing parents freedom of choice in education. ipperary gt;ing Draw Tom Grealish switched from midfield to left corner forward than he was chasing a ball sent through by Pat Quigley to hammer home their vital goal 12 minutes into the second half. It was perhaps the one occasion on which the strong Tipperary defence was completely outwitted. Eugene Davey's inclusion for the second half to replace Mick Q'Hanlon was also highly effective and he was quick to justify the move when scoring with his first shot a couple of minutes into the second half. Then there was the change which brought Vinnie Holden to the left flank of attack mid-way through the second half, with Mossy Walsh coming in at right half back and Mick Bermingham going off. The Dublin tails were up in earnest once Grealish ran through for that goal and Vinnie Holden had a point almost immediately to leave only 3 points between them. Cunningham, the tried and tested Dublin goalkeeper, then served notice that he was not going to be beaten for a second goal, when saving brilliantly from Paul Byrne and when play swung to the other end it was Grealish popping up again to hit another Dublin point 1-10 to 1-8. Pat Quigley began to raise his game and the Tipperary midfield pairing of Seamus Hogan and Jim Kehoe had already lost much of its first-half glitter. Noel O'Dwyer, however, met his now overburdened task well at centre half-back, but Dublin were shaping as likely winners and a palmed point by Vinnie Holden followed up by a great left-handed point from Davey had the home side in front for the first time with fewer than four minutes remaining. It was Tipperary mid-fielder Hogan, who salvaged a point a minute later. Too many of the Tipperary attack were off-colour, John Flanagan especially, who for once did not get among the scorers, Francis Loughnane, though, was effective as ever, although three of his six points came off frees. The Tipperary defence was for so long the strongest sector of the side with Jim Keogh, Jack Bergin, Noel O'Dwyer and Tadgh O'Connor up to his retiral doing best. It was, perhaps, an indication of what was to follow when Dublin clipped over the best three points of the first half, one a great effort by centre-back Peadar Carton from 90 yards. Cunningham inspired confidence in the Dublin defence, which also had heroes in Kevin Drumgoole, Peadar Carton, Tom Quinn and versatile Vinnie Holden, Harry Dalton and Pat Quigley constituted Dublin's most successful mid-field pairing, while Grealish gained most credit marks along with Davey as attackers. It all left Tipperary with a strange League record-three draws so far from four matches. Cv T OH TOCK 8Y OTTOT. BERNS TRIP EXCURSION TO IRELAND Synnott Travel Bureau Inf. 415 Lexington Ave., New York, N.Y. 10017 (BETWEEN 43rd 44th STREETS) MU 7-3783-4 and MU 7-4704-5 ar son De agus lire OLD HOMisf-AD BAR 2465 7i*Uveri4*t lt;t Ave. o BRONX, NEW YORK 0 We're in the stretch. Yep, that seemingly endless past performance line is heading for the home lane. Preceding articles have dealt with most of that informative and sometimes frustrating story of a race in a line but the rest of it should be a cinch. The last article was devoted to the calls the position of the horse at various pre-determined stages of the race: where he was in relation to the leader, so you could see for yourself whether he was showing early speed, running what is termed an even race (in the middle of the pack, probably, getting nowhere in particular) or coming from behind. Needless to say, he didn't get anywhere by himself. There was a jockey on his back. And the name of the jockeys is the next thing you will see in the past performance line. It could be Cordero A Jr or Valenzuela J or any one of the dozens of riders who ply their trade at major tracks like Aqueduct. Belmont Park or Saratoga. You'll rarely see a boy (or girl) from the sticks on a mount in New York because the competition is too keen. Incidentally, the rider's last name always precedes his initial in the p.p's. Some jockeys, obviously, are better than others. And the better ones win most of the races, and most of the cash and glory that is their reward. The rider who gets a horse in the money gets 10 per cent of the pot. Frequently that amounts to quite a bit of cabbage. For example, when Big Spruce captured the long end of the purse in the 250,000 Marlboro Cup at Belmont his owner's share of the prize was 150,000. Mike Hole, who rode Big Spruce, received 15,000 for his less than two minutes work. Not bad, but remember that Mike, like most jockeys, had to come up the hard way. Had to learn his trade, gain the confidence of owners and trainers, before he was given the opportunity to shoot at the big money. What is the hard way? A rider may begin as a groom, a hot walker (cooling off horses after a workout or a race), or as an exercise boy. It is easy to determine the ridirig beginners in the p.p. line because they may have a small numeral-5, 7, or 10 following their names (Long JS7). These figures represent weight allowances and the boys (or girls) with allowances are called apprentices. Before the figures were used the novices were called bug boys not because they didn't bathe or take showers, but because the allowances were indicated by asterisks (*) instead of numerals. A bug boy had a five-pound allowance; a double bug boy had a seven-pound allowance; a triple bug boy had a 10-pound allowance. The allowances give newcomers an opportunity to compete with more experienced riders; get them mounts they would never receive if they had to compete on even-terms with jockeys who have been through the mill. The rider gets a 10-pound allowance until he has ridden 5 winners and 7 pounds until he has ridden an additional 30 winners from the date of riding his fifth winner. If he has ridden 35 winners prior to the end of one year from the date of riding his fifth winner, he continues to receive that 5-pound allowance until the end of that year. There are also 3-pound allowances and they are granted riders who, after completing their apprenticeships, are astride horses owned or trained by their original contract employers if their contracts have not been permanently transferred or sold since they rode their first winner. That's a reward for the owner or trainer who develops a rider and keeps him under contract. The contract-holder retains this advantage for one year. Loyalty pays sometimes. In studying the past performances you will note that horses run better for some riders than they do for others. Let's say a horse hasn't won any of his last six races. However, seven races back when he won, he was ridden by Jockey Zilch. Today he has Zilch in the saddle again. It could mean something. Give the shift your undivided attention A clue that may mean money. We'll continue the series next week. Wexford Slash Limerick Wexford 2-12 Limerick 0-4 Wexford were impressive winners of the National Hurling League tie against Limerick at Wexford Park which was dictated by the gale-force wind. The home side were totally dominant for three-quarters of the game and their margin of victory was a decisive 14 points. A strong defence, in which Mick Jacob, Teddy O'Connor and Willie Murphy were outstanding, tied down the Limerick attack, who when assisted by the strong wind in the opening period shot the amazing total of 16 wides. Limerick had nine of those wides- in the opening eleven minutes and for that period of pressure they had only three points to show. Wexford then got gradually on top and only trailed 0-4 to 0-2 at the interval. There was no change in the trend on the resumption and once Tony Doran put Wexford in front with a goal inside thirty seconds the game was over. They benefitted from a winning service at mid-field from Colm Doran and Martin Casey and when they eventually relaxed ten minutes from the end their second goal from John Murphy gave them a lead of 2-9 to 0-4. Soccer Results Bohemians 1 Waterford 0 Cork Celtic 2 Shamrock Rvs. 2 St.Pats Ath. 0 Cork Hibs 0 Limerick 1 Sligo Rvs. 0 Finn Harps 2 Dundalk 2 Drogheda 2 Home Farm 1 Shelbourne 0 Athlone Town 1 Rwtgj y Result New Zealand 14 Munster' 4 ops Betray Their People Continued from Page 2 security forces both in this State and in the North . Dr. Buchanan continued: police and troops are only a minority of the population and in their uniform they are marked men. The very least we can do is stand behind them . He called on young members of his Church to join these security forces . I would be happy to see more of our young regard service in the forces as a vocation . This upper-class bishop showed his disdain for the ordinary people by mocking the dialectical speech of the poor. 'Traditionally , he said, we are again the Government Kilkenny Shaping Like League Champions Kilkenny 0-18 Waterford 0-7 Never mind the scoreline. This was a greatly improved Waterford team that brought out the best in Kilkenny at Nowlan Park, Kilkenny, and provided a most interesting and entertaining game with hurling of a high standard Indeed, at the interval after Kilkenny had played with the strong wind, their lead of 0-11 to 0-6 looked precarious enough, but they came out a new team. Gone was the seeming lethargy and they soon realised that they had a struggle on their hands. The whole team rose to the occasion, and employing superb team-work after sharing a point each with the visitors in the first five minutes, had some magnificently worked points to remove any danger of a surprise, while the defence, with Noel Skehan bringing off some tremendous saves, completely nullified the best efforts of the Waterford forwards. Waterford had a point from a penalty in the first half, but two penalties in the second half were blocked and cleared in the Kilkenny goal, while a number of 70s also proved unavailing, so tight knit and sound did the defence become. Kilkenny opened with three points before Waterford had their first point. After 15 minutes, only a point divided thern at five points to four in favour for the home team, but in the second quarter, Kilkenny added six points to Waterford's two. Early in the second half, Kilkenny took command, but their scores were the result of really brilliant combination rather than any weakness appearing in the Waterford defence. For the winners, Phil Larkin, Nicky Orr, Jim Treacy and Pat Henderson were outstanding in defence. Frank Cummins and Liam O'Brien stepped up their game in the second-half at centrefield and when the forwards clicked, they gave a delightful exhibition with Under-21 hurler Ger Fennelly, who took over for Billy Fitzpatrick, fitting in nicely with the experienced Eddie Keher, Ciaran Purcell, Pat Delaney and Mick Brennan. Waterford was well served in defence by Patsy Flynn in goal, Paddy Coady, John Greene and Pat McGrath. John Galvin gave a useful service at midfield, and in attack Mossie Whelan, John Kirwan and Martin G eary were the most prominent. SCORERS-Kilkenny; E. Kehir (0-8), M. Brennan (0-4), P. Delaney (0-3), G. Fennelly, M. Crotty, K. Purcell (0-1 each). Waterford: J. Kirwan (0-4), M. Ormonde (0-2), M. Walsh (0-1). ,r n ' Hf P f BAR LIQUOR W U STORE *** 246 LONG AVE. HILLSIDE, NJ. rtQ 7 07205 u * 201-926-8787 DELIVERY SERVICE ATTENTION Friends, members of all Donegal Organizations, and co-workers of Jerry Timoney and his late wife Mary who passed away recently after a long illness are holding their third meeting Sunday Afternoon, November 24, at 4:00 p.m. at Keenans, located at Broadway and 231 Street, Bronx. This meeting is pertaining to the benefit dance to aid the Timoney Family. More help is urgently needed to help make this affair a success. Anyone who was not at our first two meetings are strongly urged to attend so they can possibly help us on this very worthy cause. Chairmen: Pat Gooney, MA.B.S.T.O.A. Mike Meehan, Donegal Organizations - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index f7bf908c0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page19/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -rag All U V * lib Vd/ ) y/v Vk7 is. The nominations for the Carroll Al As 1974 fades into history many will agree that this year was not a good year for the New York Gaelic Athletic Association. There were some bright spots during the year and these include the successful minor board and the tours from Ireland, both at club and county level. The numbers attending our games continue to fall. Here the officers and clubs must take the responsibility. On many, many occasions games started an hour behind the scheduled time and there were plenty of Sundays when it was eight o'clock when I left the Park after the last game. However, there was a brief effort made to correct the late starting but without the cooperation of the clubs and the enforcing of the rules all the effort was wasted. At the annual convention a new president was elected. Terry Connaughton beat Mike Cassidy by 4 votes. There was a very successful installation of officers and this was followed by one of the biggest banquets ever. The signs were very encouraging indeed. We saw a rules committee appointed and these dedicated men spent many hours deliberating and one of the most important and far reaching rules they proposed and passed was that teams be allowed only three players from Ireland for any one game and the names were to be furnished 10 days in advance of the game. To my disappointment and to many others no effort was made to encourage clubs to consolidate or combine to form stronger teams and lease better games and more competitive spirit. This consolidation or combining or by whatever name you wish to give it will have to be given priority action urgently before clubs are allowed to affiliate and nomination of officers take place for 1975. The number of one sided games witnessed this year has to be reduced if we are to continue to attract the paying public to the Park. FINALS There were five competitions completed, three in hurling and two in football and the final of the 1973 Senior football championship has been reached. Both the 1973 junior championships were completed and new and worthy champions emerged in both. It proved a double for Kerry. First we saw the Kingdom hurlers play Waterford into the ground in a one sided final. Just a few weeks ago the Kerry junior footballers assisted by players from Ireland beat arch rivals Limerick in a quiet, sporting final. Sligo made history when they recorded their first win of the senior football championship and victory was all the sweeter as it was Kerry they beat in the final. In the final and the semi-final of the competition we saw good, open exhibitions of football. In the decider both contestants imported heavily from Ireland. The senior hurling division must be commended fo'r their progressive thinking, first the 1973 senior final was decided after much uncertainty. Galway defeated a disappointing Offaly team in the final. Early in October Galway were dethroned as champions by a star-studded Tipperary fifteen. In this final Galway had to answer to the Tipperary men and this victory broke a lean spell for the winners. So, for the first time in many years a New York Championship was decided within the year. From this division came the first moves to combine clubs. It was decided that Wexford and Kilkenny, combine along with Cork and Limerick for a special hurling league. The Cork-Limerick merger fell through, but the Wexford-Kilkenny merger seem, at the very least an improvement and has all the signs of being a success. That merger plan was only on a trial basis and only for that special competition. Any consolidation of clubs might be made initially on a trial basis for say 12 months or the life of a particular competition.: With a little good will on all sides I think consolidation can be a success and it would be a great show of sportsmanship and concern for the survival of our National Pastimes if the first moves came from the clubs. But, if force has to be used then, in the best interest of the association coercion is the only answer. I have no doubt we will be hearing much on this particular subject for the next couple of months. The final of the 1973 senior football championship has been reached and the contestants will be Donegal and Kerry. Donegal are seeking their first New York title. TOURS This year there were successful tours made by individual clubs and by the All-Ireland Champions Kilkenny and the Ulster football Champions, Donegal. At club level we saw Kilcummin, St. Patrick's and Na haghasaigh in hurling Roscrea and Ballinsloe. For any clubs thinking of making the trip to New York, they should travel early in the Year. The tour of the All-Ireland Champions was a rushed decision, so fast that neither the Kilkenny or Limerick players were aware of the impending trip until after the final. Despite the short notice however, the tour was a success and New York put up a creditable showing. There was more organization and publicity for the Donegal tour but for some strange reason they never attracted the expected full house. As it turned out Donegal disappointed when they failed to beat a local New York fifteen. The New Yorkers gave a good display and played far better than anybody expected. For the second game of the tour Donegal played a minor board selection and they won easily. History has been written and no doubt it will be long remembered that it was the first occasion that a team of all American-born players took the field against a team from Ireland. Again, I am sure we will be seeing much more of these fine Americans playing Gaelic football. On April 20th, 1975 we will have another opportunity of seeing Kilkenny playing much tougher opposition-the Carroll All-Star Selection at Gaelic Park. MINOR FOOTBALL As time goes the minor football , movement is going to play a more important part in the life of New York G.A.A. Right now, it is difficult to put a date on it but before very long they will have to shoulder the full responsibility of carrying on the games of the Gael in New York. I will not dwell too long on the minors as I hope to do a special article or two later on this very important facet of the organisation. There are a few improvements I would like to see in the minor division and as the officers are very progressive I am sure they will act accordingly. ANNIVERSARY This year we celebrated the 60th anniversary of the Gaelic Athletic Association in New York and what a tame event it was. The timing was wrong; it should not have been overshadowed by the Kilkenny tour and should have been marked by a special day in which only local players were involved. There is no telling who or what shape the organisation will be in 10 years time when the Gaelic Athletic Association in Ireland will celebrate its centenuary. Australian Rules Team For Dublin It is now almost definite that the two Australian football teams touring Europe and the U.S. will play in Croke Park, Dublin on March 8th, 1975. On the following day an Australian Rules team will play an Gaelic football team under comprised rules. This visit may open up the prospect of Irish team going to Australia again-.' The nominations for the Carroll All- Star football team have been announced. In all 110 players are listed for the various positions. Many of the Dublin players were not considered. The final selection will be announced next week and the team will play against a combined Universities team on December 8th. In fact this is the first time that the All-Stars will play together as a team. In a strange turn of events the star Dublin goalkeeper has strong con- tension for the keeper spot despite his brilliant goalkeeper this year. Cen- terfield is most hotly contested positions with sixteen nominations and right full-back the least with only four nominations. GOALKEEPER Paddy Cullen (Dublin), Martin Furlong (Offaly), Ronan Giles (Meath), Gay Mitchell (Galway), Billy Morgan (Cork), John Somers (Derry). RIGHT FULL BACK Harry Keegan (Roscommon), Donal Monaghan (Donegal), Brian Murphy (Cork), Donie O'Sullivan (Kerry). FULL BACK Jack Cosgrave (Galway), Sean Doherty (Dublin), Humphrey Kelleher (Cork), Pat Lindsay (Roscommon), Kan McCartan (Down), Pauric McShea (Donegal), Seamus Reilly (Mayo), Mick Ryan (Offaly), Leslie Tool (Louth). LEFT FULL BACK Aiden Caffrey (Sligo), Mick Carolan (Kildare), Brendan Col- leran (Galway), Derry Crowley (Kerry), Andy Curran (Donegal), Denis Dalton (Kildare), Donal Hunt (Cork), Robbie Kelleher (Dublin), Gerry Manion (Roscommon), Brian Murphy (Cork). RIGHT HALF BACK Ger Feeney (Mayo), Eugene Mulligan (Offaly), Brian McEniff (Donegal), Enda McGowan (Cavan), Liam O'Neill (Galway), Kevin Ger O'Sullivan (Cork), Ger Power (Kerry), Paddy Reilly (Dublin), Pat Traynor (Meath). CENTRE HALF BACK Anthony Gallagher (Donegal), Tommy Joe Gilmore (Galway), Paudie Lynch (Kerry), Sean Mulvihill (Longford), Barnes Murphy (Sligo), J. P. O'Keane (Antrim), Eamon Tavey (Monaghan). LEFT HALF BACK Con Hartnett (Cork), Johnny Hughes, (Galway), Mick Higgins (Westport-Mayo), Johnny Kerrane (Roscommon), Ger O'Keefe (Kerry), Martin Slevin (Down), George Wilson (Dublin). CENTRE FIELD Declan Barron (Cork, Martin Carney (Donegal), Mick Carty (Wexford), Denis Coughlan (Cork), Jimmy Duggan (Galway), Dermot Earley (Roscommon), Mick Freyne (Roscom- Football i Announced mon), Willie Joyce (Galway), Paudie Lynch (Kerry), Pat Mangan (Kildare), Bobby Miller (Laois), Peter McGinnity (Fermanagh), John O'Keefe (Kerry), Ken Rennicks (Meath), Steve Rooney (Dublin), Peter Rooney (Down). RIGHT HALF FORWARD Bobbie Doyle (Dublin), Michael Laffey (Sligo), Brendan Lynch (Kerry), Colm McAlarney (Down), Frank McGuigan (Tyrone), Tom Naugh- ton (Galway), Tom O'Malley (ayo). CENTER HALF FORWARD Declan Barron (Cork), Tommy Carew Kildare), Mickey Cunningham (Down), Jimmy Duggan (Galway), Dermot Earley (Roscommon), Michael Kearins (Sligo), Mickey O'Sullivan (Kerry), Liam Sammon (Galway). LEFT HALF FORWARD Jarleth Burke (Galway), Noilly Gallagher (Donegal), David Hickey (Dublin), Michael Kearins (Sligo), Colm McAlarney (Down), Dave McCarthy (Cork), Tony McTeague (Offaly), Gerry O'Loughlin (Derry), Damien Reid (Louth), Benny Wilkinson (Sligo). RIGHT FULL FORWARD John Cooney (Offaly), Johnny Egan (Kerry), Seamie Granaghan (Donegal), Jimmy Barry (Cork), Anton O'Toole (Dublin), Peter Rooney (Down). FULL FORWARD Seamus Bonner (Donegal), Ray Cummins (Cork), Jimmy Keaveney (Dublin), Sean O'Neill (Down), Liam Sammon (Galway). LEFT FULL FORWARD Jimmy Barrett (Cork), Nellly Gallagher (Donegal), Michael Keating (Tipperary), Anton O'Toole (Dublin), Mike Sheehy (Kerry), John Tobin (Galway). Top Marksmen FO OTBALL-D. Earley (Roscommon) 10-89 (119), M. Kearins (Sligo) 4-87 (99), J. Tobin (Galway) 4-51 (63), F. O'Loane (Derry) 4-48 (60), J. Donnelly (Kildare) 1-56 (59), M. Sheehy (Kerry) 6-37 (55), J. Keaveney (Dublin) 2-47 (53), S. Bonner (Donegal) 11-15 (48), T. O'Malley (Mayo) 2-41 (47), P. Dunny (Kildare) 7-25 (46). HURLING-E. Keher (Kilkenny) 12-83 (119), F. Loughnand (Tipperary) 12-64 (103), R. Bennis (Limerick) 7-67 (88), J. Walsh (Kildare) 8-55 (79), P. Quigley (Dublin) 3-55 (64), P. O'Grady (Waterford) 3-53 (62), N. Walsh (Kildare) 13-18 (57), J. Connolly (Galway) 6i-38 (56), C. McCarthy (Cork) 5-39 (54), E. Rea (Limerick) 12-17(53). Kerry Nominate ts Stars MINOR FOOTBALL U-10 K.O. Good Shepherd 1-4 Rangers 0-0 U-16 K.O. Celtics U-18 K.O St. Joseph's The minors had Gaelic Park to themselves on Sunday and it was a pleasant day for football. Three games were played, two finals and one semi-final. All games were in the K.O. series and in the U-10 Good Shepherd demonstrated their strength in this age group when the completed the double with a well deserved victory over the Rangers. SCORERS: Good Shepherd-M. Boyle 1-2; B. Scally 0-1; B. Horan 0-1. Celtics have also completed the double league and K.O. when they defeated the Rangers by 9 points after an entertaining game of football. SCORERS: Celtics-C. Estey 14; J. Coleman 0-2j D. McCall 0-2; J. 1-11 Rangers 3-8 Celtics 0-5 1-1 Donnellan 0-1; M. Sullivan 0-1; W. Donnellan 0-1; Rangers: J. Stack 0-3; J. Durkin 0-1; J. White 0-1. St. Joseph's have qualified for the U-18 K.O. final against the league champions the Rangers and this game will be worth making a special effort to go to the park to watch. It will be played on Sunday, November 24th. St. Joseph's had plenty to spare over Celtics and will provide strong opposition to the Rangers for K.O. trophy. SCORERS: St. Josephs-T. Naughton 1-1; P.J. Larkin 1-1; P. Brady 1-0; J. Cahill 04; J. Naughton 0-1; J. Joce 0-1; E. O'Shea 0-1. Celtics J. Coleman 1-0; C. Estey 0-1.. MAY WE SUGGEST THE ULTIMATE IN DINING PLEASURE Donaghy Steak House UPPER NEW YORK'S FINEST FOOD ALL CHARGE PLANS MUSIC NIGHTLY Kerry has produced a galaxy for its Sports Stars Awards this year and which will be presented by well-known Dublin football trainer Kevin Heffernan at a banquet in the Mount Brandon Hotel, Tralee, on Friday, November 22. Promoted by the local Junior Chamber, the awards are being sponsored by The Kerryman Ltd. This year's winners are:- Hall of Fame (devoted to Cycling thisyear)-Gene Mangan of Killorglin. Youth Award-Tommy Corridan of Ballybunion (Golf). Rugby-Moss Keane of Currow. Weightlifting Gerald O'Mahony of Tralee. Gaelic Football-Michael O'Sullivan of Kenmare. Hurling-Tom Lyons of Abbeydorney. Cycling-John Mangan of Killorglin. Athletics-Tom O'Riordan of Ardfertand Dublin. Badminton-Sheila Hannon of Castleisland. Golf-Sandy Dunlop of Killarney. ? 5523 BROADWAY (near 230 St.) Open 7 Days Ample Parking PHONE 546-9571 548-3377 *ame Continued from Page 20 Barbara's 1-5, Maynooth 0-6. U-16 F.C. Final-Athy 3-11, Naas 14. S.F.L Div. 1-Alenwood 1-12, Ballyteague 04; Carbury 3-12, Balhangan 0-7; Ellistown 0-10, Grange 1-6; Monasterevan 2-2, Athy 1-4; Clane 1-8, Moorfield 0-11. Div. II Castlemitchel 1-6, St. Kevin's 04; Kilcullen 2-6, Leixlip 3-2. Div. Ill-Nurney 1-10, Athgarvan 1-9. WESTMEATH-U-21 H.C. Final-Castletown 2-3, Castlepollard 04. Feis Cup Semifinals: The Downs 2-9, Rosemount 0-9; Moate 0-8, Athlone 1-2. Ballymore Tournament Final: Tang 3-2, Caulry 2-3. WEXFORD-J.F.C.-St. Michael's (Gorey) 2-5, Buffers Alley 14. M E ATH-Under-21 F.C. Final-Ballivor 3*6, Skryne 2-5. Feis Cup (F)-Summerhill 3-4, Dunshaughlin 1-6; Castletown 0-7, Kells 04; Kilbride 2-10, Dunderry 1-2. Gael-Linn Cup (F) S.F.-Moylough 0-8, Cuchulainn's, Cavan 1-5. Under-17 F.C.-Summerhill 2-8, Navan De La Salle's 2-3. ANTRI M-AII County F.L-Div..iA-St. Johns 4-5, Rossa 1-0; Cargin 6-8, St. Galls 0-3; St. Teresas 1-3, Rasharkin 1-2; Sarsfields 0-7, Lamh Dearg 0-2. Div. 1A Reserve-Rossa 1-3, St. Johns 2-3; Cargin 3-2, St. Galls 2-3. Div. 1B-Dunloy 8-9, Ahoghiil 2-7. Div.lII Xir na nOg 1 -6, St. Agnes 2-3. South Antrim-Supplementary F.L.-Div. 1-Lisburn 3-2, St. Malachys 1-5. Div.ll Riverdale Rovers w.o. Davitts. Martin Cup-Mitchells 3-7, Martins 1-2. ARMAGH-AM County F.L. Div.l-Ballyhegan 0-1, Clanna Gael 6-7. Div.ll-Killeavy 2-3, Silverbridge 1-7; Clady 2-3, Blackwater Town 3-6; Eire Og 24, Clonmore 0-6. DOWN-AII County F.L. Section A-Briansford 0-10, Rostrevor 1-3; Annaclone 0-3, Kilclief 1-2; Loughinisland 2-11, Tullylish 1-6; Leitrim 2-5, Burren 2-0. Section B-Bredagh 0-5, Mayobridge 1-1; Kilcoo 1-1, Saval 0-0 (Abandoned); Bright 0-3, Glenn 34; Ballymartin 1-8, Drumaness 2-4; Castlewellan 2-12, Attical 0-5. FERMANAGH-S.F.L. Div.l Final-Tempo 1-6,Teemore 0-5. TYRONE-St. Enda Cup Semi-final (S.F.)-Augher 3-11, Eoghan Roe O'Neil's 3-1. Feis Shield Killeshill 2-5,Brackaville1-7. LIMERICK-S.F.C.-Croom 0-12, Patrickswell 0-4. J.C. Final-City-Monalee 44, Treaty Sarsfields 2-5. CHALLENGE GAME CORK-Nemo Rangers 2-6, U.C.D. 1-9. CAMOGIE GAME NAAS-Leinster Club C. semi-final-Austin Stacks (Dublin) 6-7, Prosperous (Kildare) 2-0. CORK-Munster Inter Club C. ' semi-final-U.C.C. 54, Ballyagran t(Limerick) 0-1. - . , -, -* * - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e5b448693..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CM LU LU North's Jail Riots Cost 2 Million Mmm iM Mm Damage estimated at nearly 2 million was caused in the Northern Ireland Concentration Camp and Jail riots two weeks ago, the Secretary of State Merlyn Rees told the British House of Commons on October 30th. He said the damage done at Long Kesh would cost one and a half million pounds, while that at Magilligan Camp amounted to over two hundred thousand pounds. He did not give any estimate for the repairs of Crumlin Road or Armagh Prison. Mr. Rees appeared to hint at new measures for the separation of detainees and convicted prisoners, saying that he hoped to make a statement shortly. He was unforthcoming on the question of building a new permanent prison in Northern Ireland, a project which would take several years. It is known that after Direct Rule was first imposed in 1972, it was proposed to build a new prison at Magilligan but this was rejected on a number of grounds, including the proximity to the Republic. Mr. Rees said that more than a thousand internees and detainees took part in the Long Kesh riot and that in the circumstances it was remarkable that there were so few casualties . ARROGANT CLAIM BY REES REFUTED Many men who were injured in the riots are still incarcerated in Long Kesh and have not been hospitalised them it proved ineffective because of the wind direction. They claim that the helicopters were then ordered to fly low and spread the gas among the internees by the action of the helicopter rotor blades. This particular type of gas had not so far been used anywhere else in the world and in the U.S. tests carried out with the gas on rabbits showed that high concentration can cause permanent damage to the eyes. It replaces the old CS gas and caused much greater discomfort and irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. INTERNEES BOYCOTTSECRET COMMISSION HEARINGS As part of a continuing strategy to make the system of detention without trial unworkable, the 450 Republican detainees at Long Kesh Concentration Camp have decided to boycott the secret commission hearings held inside the Camp to review detainees' cases. The boycott becomes effective immediately, according to Mrs. Maire Drumm, Vice-President of Provisional Sinn Fein, in Belfast on October 30th. The secret courts would not be used again because they had been proved to be a farce' The decision of the Republican detainees to boycott the commission hearings, which recommenced this week after a two-week break following the camp burning, means that commissioners will have to decide whether or not to review cases in the absence of detainees. It is or given any treatment despite the expected that they will, in fact, do so. seriousness of their injuries. It is now Just over 250 detainees have been clear that at least four hundred released in ones and twos by the detainees and internees were injured commissioners since December 1973, and many of these are still sleeping on wnen they began their hearings inside the ground under sheets of polythene. th? camP- 1*ne commissioners accept The internees have also stated that ev,dence at the hearings from when the British Army was sent into numbers of the security forces the Camp to punish the men, the h dden behind curtains. British Officers commanding them Mrs- Drumm sa'd that the decision were unable to control or restrain had Deen taken before Mr. Rees made their own soldiors, and afterwards h,s atement on Long Kesh and was were heard to refer to their mens' not ,n anV way a retaliation. She behaviour by calling them animal exPected that the 30 female detainees bastards . at Arma h Prison would follow the REES TRIES STARVATION example of the detainees in Long TO BREAK REBELLION There were also widespread tions that Mr. Rees was using starvation to try to break the rebellion against internment in Long Kesh. We publish here an accurate account of the food distributed to the men for the five days after the burning of the Camp. Wednesday October 16th - No Food. Thursday October 17 - One round of bread and one cup of milk Friday October 18th-Two rounds of bread and one cup of milk. Saturday October 19th - One cup of porridge and one cup of stew. Sunday October 20th - One cup of stew. BRhlSH ARMY USED CRGASIN LONG KESH There is no doubt that the British Army, used the new and more lethal CR gas for the first time in Northern Ireland in Long Kesh on October 15th. This new item in the Army riot control stock was approved by the Defence Ministry almost a year ago, but until two weeks ago, it was authorised for use only at Long Kesh. Prisoners, who are used to the effects of CS gas, claim that a new, more irritating and paralysing agent was used on them. Internees also claim that when the first batch of CR gas was used on Knights Of Equity Convention In Buffalo Dennis O'Reilly of Rochester, New York, was elected Supreme Sir Knight of the Knights of Equity at the 79th annual convention held at Buffalo, New York. O'Reilly recently retired as Deputy Fire Chief after serving 33 years with the Rochester Fire Department. Cork born he came to this Country in 1929 married and remained in Rochester since. He is the father of seven children. John Bolsinger of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was elected Supreme Vice Sir Knight. Other elected were: Kenneth Power, secretary; Martin Schail, treasurer; Norman Fox, lecturer; Trustees are, John Marren, Daniel Clifford, Raymond McKelvy, Alfred Pedro, Michael Walsh, James Parks, and Bernard McClinchey. Reverend Thomas R. Bartley was reappointed Supreme Chaplain. Marion K. McMahon was elected national president of the Daughters of Erin the auxiliary to the Knights of Equity. Continued on Page 18 IK The end of the escape tunnel, just outside the perimeter An i-i +a ** lt; .* gt; . I I cnnmo +n nr rtn n + ltnv o r-i I fence. An internee was shot dead by British troops during rioting at Long Kesh camp following a break-out by Republican detainees early Tuesday. A Catholic chaplain who was in the camp said CS. gas was being used on the prisoners. He said he had seen at least 12 men spreadeagled against a compound wire and being beaten by troops. All of them were covered in blood, he said. Government sources said that 20 Republican detainees had escaped from the camp shortly after midnight. Eighteen of them were re-captured and a full-scale search was going on for the other two. A spokesman said a tunnel had been discovered in the camp during a search after the escape. Meanwhile conditions at the camp were described as shocking by an all-party delegation of Assemblymen who visited it. Members of the delegation, who inspected the camp on the invitation of the North's Secretary of State, Mr. Merlyn Rees, expressed fears that the camp might be burned down again if it were rebuilt. Rev. Ian Paisley, D.U.P. leader, who led the loyalist group, said the conditions were really sub-human and the S.D.L.P. delegation, consisting of Mr. Paddy O'Hanlon, Chief Whip, and Messrs. Desmond Gillespie, and Michael Canavan, said that the conditions were 100 times worse than they had imagined. Mr. Gillespie said last night there OGLAIGH NkhEIRE/VNN seems to be no other solution but to end internment and get rid of this place. These men have reached such a state of desperation that we were told that even if the camp is rebuilt, it would very likely be burned down again , he said. Mr. Gillespie said: We saw a meal being delivered to the loyalist compound in tin containers. It consisted of beef-burgers or sausage rools swimming in gravy and nothing else. The men refused to eat it and were existing on their food parcels. I got a list of complaints from Gusty Spence, the loyalist leader, which said Governor Truesdale should be sacked and protested that the men had neither light, heat nor hot water. The S.D.L.P. delegation said that because of orders most of the republican prisoners refused to meet them but they had chatted to some of them and learned of conditions which were really indescribable. Rev. Ian Paisley said that in the loyalist compound the conditions were sub-human he said. There was neither light nor heat and at night men were using candles. One toilet was so flooded that waders would be needed to use it. In one hut with 80 men, some were sleeping on soaking mattresses while others were lying on springs stretched across the hut. The Loyalist prisoners, he said, were refusing the food as a protest and were living on bread and tea and a quarter pound of margarine per day. r i UNITED BROOKLYN IRISH BAYRIDGE-FLATBUSH IRISH NORTHERN AID UNITS CHRISTMAS BENEFIT DANCE (or the Oppressed People of N.E. Ulster NOVEMBER 30th 1974 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Cummings Bros American Legion Hall 4516 Avenue D, Brooklyn, N.Y. 2 bottles par table of 10 Free Beer Donation 7.50 Co-Chairmen: E. Gallagher j. Toolan For Reservations and Directions Call: J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550or M.McNicholl 212-469-9874 A. Cusick 451-0819 PATODOrai THE FENIAN AVENGER EXECUTED NOVEMBER 17*mzm. Bishops Again Betray Their People WE NEEDTHEM Last week saw two bishops again calling for support for the British forces in Ireland. Both bishops spoke on the same day (October 22) and both condemned what they called terrorism. The Catholic Bishop of Down and Connor (which includes Belfast), Dr. William Philbin, is a noted Conservative and upholder of the church-state alliance. On October 22nd, he gave yet another speech in favour of British power, when he urged Catholics to help the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. He said that everybody must show their revulsion towards the dominance of the organised terrorist. Certain groups in Northern Ireland Dr. Philbin said, Have by now, ensured that our generation will be marked in history by the stigma of organised savagery. We shall be known for developments that have been destructive and evil-the introduction into society of new kinds of atrocities and of inhuman ruthlessness in their execution. As one phase of barbarity abates, another unfailingly takes its place the Bishop went on. The bishop was not referring here to the savagery of the R.U.C. Special Branch and S.A.S. murder squads. He continued, in fact, to plead for support for these: Only the agencies of security are in a position to establish the peace and order we all need and desire, and to avert the growing degeneracy of our society. If we need them, as we do, daily and nightly, we have also a duty to help them . Dr. Philbin made no attempt to conceal his hatred for revolutionaries, and his love for tyrants. Who in God's name needs torturers and murderers daily and nightly The bishop continued with his references to Satan, whom he believes to be behind the principles of freedom and the rights of man. Enough of evil has emanated from among our numbers-just now, our most urgent need is to counter the widespread corruption of our children by agents of Satan . Perhaps the most suitable answer to this pervertion of principle and religion was given by a Republican paper published in the impoverished and crucified ghettoes of Belfast: The peoples' conscience are clear-who clothed the naked, sheltered the homeless and gave succour to the oppressed? ANGRY REACTION IN BELFAST In a front page article Belfast's Andersonstown News accused the bishop of urging people to turn informer . It also accused Dr. Philbin of remaining silent on the fate of the Long Kesh internees . The paper says there has been angry reaction n the Andersonstown area over the bishop's statement, and claims that local community leaders are concerned that the church is giving approval to the operation of plain clothes squads of S.A.S. and R.U.C. men . The paper also said that after the intervention of Catholic clergy, barricades were taken down in the Lower Falls in 1969 and four people were later killed in a battle with security forces after police and troops raided houses. BUCHANAN LASHES OUT On the same day as Dr. Philbin spoke the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, Dr. Alan Buchanan, himself a former British soldier, made a similar speech. Dr. Buchanan said that it must be recognised that most bloodshed in the country was caused by irishmen . He also called on people in the South to do more in supporting the security forces on both sides of the border . He also stated he believed that we, as a people, could do far more to support Con tinued on Page 18 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index b0ece0e95..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page20/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CM (2 UJ -J a. O LU O. I CO IRISH SPORTS By John Twomey CO LU X National Football League National Hurling League Kerry Hold Dublin To Draw Clare Surprise The Holders Kerry 0-8 Dublin 0-8 All-Ireland champions Dublin and league title-holders Kerry made brave efforts to serve up fast and entertaining football under almost impossible conditions at Fitzgerald Stadium in Killarney. To their credit, they defied the elements and provided plenty of second-half entertainment and excitement for more than 10,000 spectators. One league point each from so hard fought an encounter does nothing to advance the fortune of either county. A drizzle-drenched sod and a wind off the Reeks that, to quote a local, would skin a gooseberry, made accuracy and ball control more than difficult, so a drawn game was probably, in the end, an equitable result. But it was a result that even the more optimistic of Heffo's hordes, who made the long trip south in considerable numbers, could hardly have hoped for at the interval. The Dubliners, with that blustering breeze urging them on from the scoreboard end, took a two point lead in an early flourish. Then Kerry, looking the sharper and more eager outfit, began to force the pace, even into the wind. Mick Sheehy, from Tralee, a dressingroom replacement for John Egan, was the hero of the home fans hereabouts. He kicked two great points from frees and then punched the Kingdom into the lead from Ger O'Driscoll's cross. The unerring Jimmy Keavaney brought Dublin level, Pat Spillane regained the lead for Kerry, but again it was Keaveney who, with two classical points, one from a free and one from play, edged Dublin ahead at the interval, 0-5 to 04. In view of the strong wind, that slim margin did not look nearly sufficient and when, within 10 minutes of the restart, the men from the Kingdom had gone a point in front, a Dublin defeat looked almost inevitable. At this stage, however, Paudhie Lynch, who had dominated at midfield, but had taken a heavy knock nearing half-time, switched to full-forward. Spillane went top of the right while Dick Spring, seemingly fully fresh in spite of his rugby exertions for Munster against the New Zealanders on Saturday, came on at midfield. But, from the moment Lynch moved, Kerry began to lose their grip on this game. Brian Mullins, who had been joined at midfield in the first half by Anton OToole, now came thundering into the picture. He forced the 50 which brought the balancing point from Keaveney and then, when a Dublin forward was fouled close in, took the resultant penalty. But his hard shot, though it beat diving goalman Paudhie O'Mahony, came back off an upright and was blasted high over the bar by Bobbie Doyle. Kerry, heartened by this let-off, drew level at the match went into the last quarter, Tony Hanahoe, put clean through for what seemed a certain Dublin goal; swept the ball wide. Again Kerry profited by the mistake to take the lead with a neat point from a free by Brendan Lynch seven minutes from time. But Dublin were now doing better than at any other stage in this hour and must have gained the winning goal had not O'Mahony managed to, fly-kick the ball almost from under his own crossbar. Yet, justice was done in the end, when the ever reliable Keaveney kicked the equalising point from a free in the 58th minute. On their lethargic first-half display, this was a game Dublin did not deserve to win, yet it was a game they must have won had they taken their second-half goaling chances. Certainly, except for a couple of first-half scares, Paddy Cullen had a quiet afternoon in goal, thanks to the excellence of a defence in which Alan Larkin, Sean Doherty and Robbie Kelleher were outstanding. Not till OToole switched out did Dublin come into the game at midfield, where Mullins had an outstanding last quarter. The forwards, however, from the chances presented, must shoulder the blame for letting victory slip away. The exception was veteran Keaveney, who had all but one of their scores and was truly the man who saved the day. Kerry, for much of the hour, looked every bit as promising as they did against Offaly but, again, they faded in the last quarter. O'Mahony, John O'Keeffe, Jim Deenihan, Ger Power and Kennelly were the bulwards of a sound defence. Paudhie Lynch was, until injured, magnificent at midfield, but their forwards, like those of Dublin, promised more than they achieved, with Sheehy, Brendan Lynch and Mickie O'Sullivan, when he moved off Kelleher, carrying the greatest threat. Scorers-Dublin: J. Keaveney (0-7); B. Doyle (0-1). Kerry-M. Sheehy (0-5); B. Lynch (0-2); P. Spillane (0-1). N.F.L. DIVISION 1 A P W D L F A Pts. Roscommon 2 2 0 0 25 20 4 Kildare 2 1 0 1 24 19 2 Cork 2 1 0 1 18 23 2 Offaly 2 1 0 1 15 20 2 Kerry 2 0 1 1 19 20 1 Dublin 2 0 1 1 18 19 1 m am mm 4 t L As you can readily see the annual dart league is new in its third week. This year the entire competition will run for 23 weeks, with each team playing 23 games. The Board of Officers that organise and control the league are as follows: President: Pat Hunt (Kilcullen Murrays); V. Pres.: Vin Corrigan (Horse Jockey); Executive Sec: Mike Lynch (Cassidy Conneelys); Corresponding and Recording Sec: John Donaghue (Costello's); Treasurer: Bill Correale (Kilcullen Murrays). Rules committee is made up of three members as follows: Tom Morley and Sean Kelly (Horse Jockey) along with Tom Veale of Briarwood Flights. Clare 3-6 Cork 1-10 Miserable weather provided a remarkable contrast to the bright and thrilling performance of Clare hurlers as they overcame Cork in a top class National Hurling League game at Charleville. A soggy ground, driving wind and rain and, indeed, the reputation of national league holders Cork-all were brushed aside contemptuously by the fiery Clare team. The two sides provided excellent entertainment for the relatively small crowd. They went all out for the 60 minutes and every ball and challenge was fiercely contested by the two teams. This made for a rousing, but sporting game, full of controlled aggression, with plenty of skill from both sides. But Clare were superb. On their showing yesterday-they were full of confidence and composure-they must be in the running for honours this year. Every man on the team played a full part in the victory, but individuals in each sector of play made vital contributions. Goalkeeper Seamus Durack made some really fine saves at times when lesser men would have given way under the pressure exerted by the eager Cork forwards. Centre-half-back Noel Casey was steadfast in the middle, and his clearances provided a springboard for plenty of Clare attacks. Midfielders Tony Kelly and John Callahan dominated their Cork counterparts and kept a constant flow of passes to their forwards. Up front, the veteran Gus Lohan gave the Cork backs a roasting they will not forget in a hurry, and also scored two goals. Corner-forward Enda O'Connor deservedly got Clare's third goal. Cork played hard and well but their failure to pick up scores from play was crucial. Most of their 10 points came from frees by Gerald and Charlie McCarthy, Clare were that bit faster than Cork on breaks and the title-holders frequently found their defenders a few yards behind the speedy Clare forward. The strong cross-field breeze favoured Clare in the first half. Lohane struck with his first goal after only seven minutes when the scores stood at a point each. Put through by Jim McNamara, Lohan resisted the challenge of Cork keeper Martin Coleman and palmed to the net. That wasn't too bad a setback for Cork. They kept hammering away but, as the half wore on, Clare got stronger. Nine minutes from half-time, O'Connor ran at the Cork goal, looked to have lost control after a tackle but recovered and scored with a low ground shot which Cork's John Horgan vainly tried to block on the line. Three minutes later, Cork were really in trouble when Lohan's goal-scoring prowess gave Clare a further advantage. He shot from close in but the sliothair rebounded off a defender, but Lohan scored at the second attempt. The score at the interval was 3-3 to 0-5 in Clare's favour. Cork, with the wind behind them, fought desperately in the second half. Slowly they picked up the points, mainly from the free-taking expertise of the McCarthys. But Clare were still dangerous on counter-attacks and they picked up a couple of points to maintain their lead. Four minutes from full-time, Cork looked to have got full reward for their efforts when a 21-yard penalty goal by Charlie McCarthy left them only a point behind. An exciting final , three minutes followed, but Noel Ryan pointed in the last minute to give Clare the two league points they deserved. Scorers: Clare-G. Lohan (2-0), E. O'Connor(1-0), J. McNamara, N. Ryan (0-2 each), J. Callanan, C. Woods (0-1 each). Cork-C. McCarthy (1-4), G. McCarthy (0-5), E. O'Donoghue (0-1). N.H.L DIVISION 1 A P W D L F A Pts. Kilkenny 4 4 0 0 80 49 8 Clare 4 3 0 1 65 52 6 Cork 4 2 1 1 60 45 5 Wexford 4 2 1 1 51 49 5 Tipperary 4 0 3 1 54 57 3 Limerick 4 1 0 3 42 63 2 Waterford 4 1 0 3 44 61 2 Dublin 4 0 1 3 41 62 1 HOLIDAY INN 4140 West 95th Street Oak Lawn, Illinois 60453 JOSEPH J. ENGLISH General Manager 425-7900 A.C.312 g s Celeb Qfsetp. im lt;r t* mtft*m ears Units 0 0 0 0 Game Is Here NATIONAL HURLING LEAGUE DIVISION 1A KILKENNY-Kilkenny 0-18, Waterford 0-7. CROKE PARK-Dublin 1-11, Tipperary 1-11. CHARLEVILLE-Clare 3-6, Cork 1-10. WEXFORD PARK-Wexford 2-12, Limerick 0-4. NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE DIVISION 1A KILLARNEY-Kerry 0-8, Dublin 0-8. DIVISION IIIA DUNDALK-Louth 2-9, Donegal 2-6. DIVISION 1MB WEXFORD-Limerick 3-7, Wexford 2-6. KILKENNY-Waterford 1-17, Kilkenny 1-5. ULSTER CHAMPIONSHIPS ARMAGH-Club H-Dungiven 1-6, Cuchulaina's 14. COUNTY FINAL AT HLEAGUE-Ros common S.H.-Tremane 2-12, St. Dominic's 0-3. CONNACHT CHAMPIONSHIP MOUNTBELLE W-Club F-Roscommon Gaels 1-9, Mountbellew 1-3. COLLEGES GAME S L IGO Connacht S.F.C.-Summerhill College, Sligo, 3-11, St. Jarlath's, Tuam 1-9. CAMOGIE GAMES MONAGHAN-S.C. Final-Latton 5-2, Toome 2-1. M.C. Final Kilanny 7-0, Castleblayney 3-2. ENNIS-Mu nster Club semi-final-Eire Og, Ennis 9-5, Castleisland Kerry, 4-3. COUNTY GAMES LOUTH-J.H.L.-Naomh Moninne 5-3, Naomh Colmcille 5-3. Lyons Cup (J.F.) Semi-final-Newtownblues 0-9, Naomh Mihuire2-2. cavan-l.F.C Finai-Maghera 4-6, Drumlene24. MONAGHAN-J.B.F.C.-Do- naghmoyne 0-4, Inniskeen 0-4. Fr. Hackett Cup Final I.F.-Killeeyan 3-3, Toome 0-3. Owen Ward Cup Semi-finals S.F.-Ballbay 1-4, Aughnamullan 1-3; Castleblayney 1-7, Scotstown 1-4. Fr. Hackett Cup-Clontibret 0-8, Monaghan 0-6. FERMANAGH-S.F.L. Final-Tempo 1-7,Teemore 0-5. TIPPERARY-Tipperary U-21 H. Semi-final-Thurles Sarsfields 5-9, Carrick Swjans 0-3. J.H. Finai-Holycross 3-6, Knockshewowna 0-8. U-16 H. Final-Moycarkey Borris 24, Cashel King Cormacs 1-5. LONGFORD-lnter.F.L. Final Repiay-Fr. Manning Gaels 0-8, Longford Slashers1-2. S.F.L. Semi-final-St. Martin's 3-2, Clonguish (holders) 1-6. WATERFORD-Western Division Under-21 F.C. Final Stradbally 3-7, TullowO-9. CORK-J.F.C. Finai-Fermoy 1-6, Beara 0-8. U-21 F.C. Semi-final-Glanmire 2-5, Mallow 1-0. J.H.F.C.-Castlelyons 4-5, Russell Rovers 0-4; Ballyclough 1-12, Glanworth 1-6. J.H.L.-Erin's Own 2-4, Watergrasshill 0-8; Ahabollogue 4-6, Eire Og 1-1. J.B.H.L-Cloughduv 2-1, Eire Og 2-1. J.F.L-Cloyne 2-5, Midleton 0-6; Kilshannig 1-5, Kilderrery 0-7. J.B.H.C.-Killavullen 2-5, Milford 1-5. Ground Tournament Semi-final Ballyhea 1-6, Newton 2-1. LAOIS-S.H.C. South-S. Final Replay-Ballacolla 1-8, Borris-in-Ossory 1-1 (unfinished). S.F.L.-Portlaoise 5-5, Killeshin 1-2; O'Dempseys 1-10, Mountmellick 0-8; Annanough 1-6, Ballyfin 1-2; The Heath 2-9, Emo 1-6; Timahoe 1-9, Aries 1-3; St. Joseph's 2-6, Ballylinan 0-7; Crettyard w/o, Stradbally scr.; Courtwood w/o, Portarlieton scr. KILDARE-Higgins Cup Final J.F.-Raheens 1-5, Ballykejly 0-5. M.H.C. Final-St. Bridgets 3-5, St. Dermots 2-0. J.H.C. Final-St. Continued on Page 19 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fb0d04ff0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -(esh Loyalists Threaten Hunger Stele To De; The trouble-torn Long Kesh Concentration Cam was simmering on the verge of yet another crisis as more than 230 Loyalist prisoners vowed to go on a mass hunger strike to the death at midnight to protest at the sub-human conditions in the Loyalist compounds. The men, who are all UVF and Red Hand prisoners, have taken their action as part of an escalating UVF plan that follows the massive protest in the North when the Loyalist caused widespread disruption with more than 70 hoax bomb scares in 'hijacked vehicles. Another 200 Loyalist prisoners in Long Kesh, who belong to the UDA, are to decide whether or not they will join the hunger strike. A spokesman for the UVF prisoners in Belfast said that they have been refusing food from prison authorities for two weeks and have been surviving on food parcels brought in from outside. Many of them are ill because of the conditions, which have been aggravated since the Republicans burned down 80 of the camp last month. The only difference between Long Kesh and a Nazi concentration camp is that mass graves are not being Funeral Attended Continued from Page 1 pro bably will, cost you your life. The dice was loaded against the Republican movement, Mr. Loughran added, in terms of British Army strength and Britain's misuse of the law and involvement in torture, degredation and murder. Yet this choice of martyrdom has been accepted in every generation of our race, and great and noble souls have flung themselves into conflict, only to be crushed under the heels of the invader. Yet, again and again, rose the dominant need to be Irish and to be seen to be Irish and to fight for all that is truly Christian in the way of justice. Mr. Loughran went on: Love of Ireland could be said to be a love of death, but her children have never failed to answer the call to arms. They have never ceased to love her. Hugh Coney's name was now joined with those of Pearse and Barry, he said. Demanding the ending of internment, Mr. Loughran said: Our people must not be left to fight alone. There are many thousands of Ireland's sons and daughters abroad. They must also get into the fight. It's a fight for national emancipation. Realise your mighty strength. Together, we can accomplish what we please. Use it now for there is only one ending-success and the triumph of right and justice over iniquity and wrong. The dead man's parents, James and Christmas Dance. For Irish Relief Under a banner of United Brooklyn Irish the Bayridge and Flatbush units of Irish Northern Aid are scheduling a joint affair to raise fundsforthe common goal The thoughts of the Irish people suffering through another Christmas of deprivation are spurning their efforts to raise funds to be turned over in time to aid the families of prisoners in North East Ireland prior to Christmas. The joint Committee is comprised of: Evelyn and Bill Gallagher, Patrick Biesty, Pat Riordan and James Smith of Bayridge Unit. Kate and John Toolan, Mary Cunningham, Ann Cusick, Mary and Pat McNicholl, Pat Mullin and Inge and Sean Toner of the Flatbush Unit. The affair will be 'held at Cummings Bros. American Legion Post, 4516, Ave. D. Brooklyn on November 30th, 1974 from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Two bottles per table of ten plus set ups. The donation is 7.50. For table reservations call J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550 or A. Cusick 451-0819, M. McNicholl 469-9874. dug outside the wire, Loyalist Assemblyman Mr. Hugh Smyth said at the weekend. According to Mr. Smyth, 80 of the Loyalist prisoners were suffering from 'flu, or a severe cold. Because of the deterioration in the conditions of the men, due to the failure of the prison authorities and the Government to act, the prisoners had decided on the hunger strike as the only way to decent conditions. The strike would continue to the death, or until the authorities took action. It was later, reported that the Loyalist prisoners are to be moved to rebuilt accomodation in the compound. The UVF, meanwhile, has decided not to contest next year's election for the Northern Ireland Convention, while its recently formed political wing, the Volunteer Party, has dropped plans for a direct challenge for parliamentary influence. Instead, the UVF intends to restrict its political activity to that of a ginger group. Members will be encouraged to join other right-wing Unionist parties as long as this does not interfere with their duties as members of the UVF. Kitty Coney, and his girl friend Eilish McSloy followed the coffin along with his brothers, Jim and Frank, and sisters Collette and Noelle, from the family home, a short distance outside Coalisland, to St. Patrick's Church, Clonoe. Wreaths from relatives and many Republican organisations were laid on the grave. During the funeral a British army helicopter flew overhead, and roads leading to Coalisland were manned by R.U.C. and British troops. Coalisland came to a standstill and black flags were hung at windows and street corners. Businesses closed down in many Republican areas as a mark of respect and sympathy demonstrations attracted large crowds in Belfast, Derry and Newry. Vehicles were hijacked and set on fire in the Dungannon area. As a result of one hijacking, an hotel function planned for pensioners in Ballygawley estate had to be cancelled. British Thugs Continued from Page 1 shirt and I could see he had been shot in the back right through the heart. I was told, earlier, that soldiers were lying behind trees on high ground overlooking the new road at Wandleside factory. They were just waiting for an innocent victim to walk out of Twinbrook estate. I was told by a person who saw the shooting that Gerry had just asked the driver to put the van across the road when there was a shot. Gerry fell, shot through the hip and, as he went down, he raised his hands to show that he had n,o weapon. - Then, there was another shot-the one in the back that killed him. They say it was a 'black' soldier who shot Gerry. 'OFFICER'CLAIM A man who claimed to be speaking on behalf of the 1st Battalion, Belfast Brigade, Provisional I.R.A. said Fennell was an officer in their G Company. The spokesman said he was murdered in cold blood. We have been expecting reprisals against our volunteers after our successful operations over the past few days, he added. ii fgi ira On Friday evening November 1st 1974 a capacity crowd was on hand at Gaelic Park Casino to pay tribute to Mario Biaggi. Congressman Biaggi a strong vocal supporter of Ireland's right to freedom and self rule arrived at 11 p.m. with his gracious wife Marie and their lovely daughter. A standing ovation was accorded the Guest of Honor as he entered the Casino with his family. Congressman Biaggi, who has been long deserving of this Irish Night due to his constant speaking out in Congress on behalf of our war torn homeland, mingled and introduced his family to the packed house. On opening the evenings ceremonies, Inwood Irish Northern Aid Chairman, Mike Meehan presented a plaque to Margaret Clancy Muldoon, a recently married colleen from County Leitrim, for the dedication and outstanding services to the cause of Irish Freedom over the past three years. Guest Speaker Sister St. Hugh, editor of The Irish People Newspaper was then introduced to the receptive gathering. Sister spoke on Biaggi's loyalty to Ireland and to the Irish community in this country. It would be an insult to Mr. Biaggi , said Sister St. Hugh, if we even attempted to list the times and the occasions when Congressman Biaggi took a stand on behalf of the people of Ireland. According to Sister St. Hugh, no page is large enough to contain the number of occasions of dedicated service Mr. Biaggi has rendered to Ireland and to the Irish and Irish American people in the United States. In concluding Sister St. Hugh presented Congressman Biaggi with a plaque on behalf of The Irish People. Biaggi again received a standing ovation. In presenting the plaque Sister St. Hugh said she had one sorrow and that was that she was not presenting it to him as the mayor of New York City. We know one thing for sure, if Mr. Biaggi was the mayor of New York City we wouldn't have British double decker buses coming into the city next July . Overwhelmed with the applause and the introduction Mr. Biaggi stepped forward holding the plaque and with pride glistening in his eyes he thanked the people who placed so much trust and hope in him. ht A Huge Success en CD CO Sr. St. Hugh makes a presentation to Congressman Biaggi. Somehow or other, Mr. Biaggi said, when the picture of Ireland was being painted somewhere along the line the brush of justice never touched that little island and ever since it has been the victim of British oppression . Calling on the Irish people to unite Mr. Biaggi pointed out that politicians must be made to believe that the Irish issue will be politically profitable to them otherwise he said, your representatives will not take a stand for your cause . He pointed out that there are only six Greek Congressmen in Congress yet they were able to hold up Congress until aid was given to the 600,000 Greeks in Cyprus. What , he asked are your fifty-two Irish-American Congressmen doing for you? The final speaker of the evening was Father Vallaley who had just arrived from County Tyrone. The good Father related many stories on the atrocities that have become an everyday occurrence in Ireland's six occupied counties, and pleaded for total support of Irish Northern Aid as this organization would ultimately be responsible for driving the British Government and Troops out of Ireland. Prior to singing the National Anthems Bob McCann asked for support of the Baltimore Four, now laying in U.S. Federal Prisons because they chose to help our Freedom Fighters in Ireland. This Inwood Irish Northern Aid sponsored Tribute under the chairmanship of Tyrone's Sean McGonnell and his committee of Pat Brian Clarke, Danny McElroy, Kevin Duffy, Vera Baker, Brendan Heagney, Jim Touhy, Mike Marion Loftus and Carmel Costelloe did an excellent job in catering to the large crowd. As the evening came to an end Mike Meehan presented a check for 3,500.00 to the U.S. Representative, Irish Northern Aid Matt Higgins to be used in buying warm clothing for the Irish men and women now interned in various concentration camp.s throughout Ireland. Inwood Vice Chairman Pat Clarke on left and Dance Chairman Sean McGonnell on right look on as presentation is made to Margaret Muldoon by Matt Higgins. r (212) 751-5470 Open 7 days a week L O'LUN NET'S 915 2nd Ave. N.Y.C. (betw. 48th 49th) Live Country Music And Dancing MODERN COUNTRY MUSIC Monday Through Saturday BLUE GRASS EVERY SUNDAY FOOD SERVED and BOOM AVAILABLE FOB PABTIES 1 J Shannon Travel Service, Inc. 75-24 37th Ave., Jackson Heights, N.Y. 11372 212-639-0667 or 212-639-7530. We Fill All Your Travel Needs - Domestic And Internationally Air-Cruises-HotelsTcurs-Packages-Youth Fairs, Etc. 8-Day Specials To Europe Patrick J. Neville, ?idie McManus, Joseph Whalen - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 3e883f5aa..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -en, LU -J Q. o LU CL X Cbtioria 9; CO E gt; o H FAUL IS FOUL When we think of the many men who, in the full vigor and glory of their manhood, laid down their lives without a murmur of complaint or regret, we must ask ourselves this' question for what did they die? And if we are honest we must answer in their own words, spoken with their dying breath they died for the full and complete and untrammelled freedom of all Ireland. They did not die for a prosperous Dominion or an ersatz Republic. They died endeavouring in the words of Tone 'to break the connection with England, the never failing source of all our ills. They died endeavoring to make the Sovereign Republic of all Ireland, in the inspired words of Padraic Pearse, not free but Gaelic as well, not Gaelic merely, but free as well. We are not honoring them, not following in their footsteps, we are not striving to complete their work unless we are working with all our strength to make Ireland Irish and free. Father Denis Faul who was speaking last week on The media and the troubles in the North said that he did not think the I.R.A. should be allowed on the national radio and television to persuade people to their point of view. It is obvious that Father Faul would have a free Ireland for a chosen few but not for those who are willing to suffer and die for their freedom. Father Faul like other men would like to be involved but don't ask him to take a risk. He has to be on the right side and who is Father Faul to decide Government policy? Like his forefathers when they issued their Joint Pastoral in the 20's that the 'Free State' and its Provisional Government were the true legitimate and only civil authorities in Ireland. The Bishops at the time called the Republicans plunderers, raiders, looters, wasters, rebels and pursuers of other unladylike avocations. What startles some of us is not that he calls our men 'murderous gangs' but that he has the gaul to accept 5,000 from the A.O.H. to aid the families of these same internees he claims have no right to freedom of speech. In the future we would hope that organizations in this country who indeed want to help the Republican Movement would find some other way of distributing their funds to the families of the internees and exclude a man who from all appearances is using the sufferings of the broken hearted internees and their families to swell his personal library. By truth and honor, by principle and sacrifice alone will Ireland be free. If anyone has a right to free speech it is the men and women of the Republican movement who have fought for freedom. Who would challenge the fact that Hugh Coney had a right to speak on R.T.E. and to expose the horrible conditions he endured at Long Kesh yet because he was a member of The Irish Republican Army according to Father Faul this disqualified him from freedom of speech. Think of it U11II1111111111111 I 111111111 111 111 1111 1111S IB i 11P f 1111111U11111111 11111111111 11111111 LI 1 IRISH NORTHERN AID DANCE ( WOODLAWN UNIT, 1 SATURDAY, NOV. 16th at St. Barnabas Elem. School Cafeteria 240 St. McLean Ave., Bronx 5 Music by Joe Madden and his band and featuring direct from Ireland, one of Ireland's most popular groups- I The Bards I Dancing from 9 p.m.-2 a.m. Free beer set-ups Donation 6.00 Bring jour own bottle 1 For information: E S Qajj 994.4538 or 994-3079 v 5 ?8BIII8Bflll lfillIIIII lllllB IIIIIllll lltlBIIII lll llIllIlitlllIIIII lillllI IIIIHI IIIIIII iIllllT Hunger Strike Protest Continued from Page 1 Mr. Corrigan said: He asked me to plead with you to stand behind them so that Long Kesh and all its terrible, repressive, barbaric associations are wiped out, and so that he and Gerard Coney's other comrades will be set free. You will honour Gerard Coney's memory best by ensuring the release of his comrades and the achievement of the ideals for which he suffered imprisonment, rjpression, inhumanity, and for which *ie was finally murdered by the British soldiers, he went on. I ask you to band together as never before so that this will be the last coffin to come out of Long Kesh. Mr. Corrigan said that some people had advocated massive prison escapes. Only the men behind the wire have the right to make such a dangerous decision. We, however, have an obligation to back their decision to the hilt, Mr. Corrigan said. I think no man should ask someone else to do what he is not prepared to do himself. The obligation is not on the internees but on the people outside. We have an obligation to destroy Long Kesh. We owe that to Gerard Coney and his many comrades who have made the supreme sacrifice for Ireland. Twenty-four-year-old Mr. Coney was one of the 32 Long Kesh internees who escaped from the prison by crawling through a 195ft. tunnel. He was shot soon after getting out of the prison. The three Republican detainees who escaped from Long Kesh were recaptured that night -- after just 20 hours of freedom. And, in what they called a direct reprisal for the fatal shooting of Hugh Coney during the breakout, the Provisional IRA shot dead two British soldiers in the centre of Crossmaglen, Co. Armagh. Elsewhere in the North there were angry protests and demonstrations over the shooting. Widespread rioting took place in Dungannon, and major protest marches in Derry and Belfast brought traffic to a standstill. The three escapees were picked up by an RUC patrol on the edge of the Andersonstown shortly after 10 p.m. An RUC spokesman said a police mobile patrol spotted the three at the Milltown Road, in the Upper Falls. One of the men tried to run off, but was apprehended after a short chase. The three are Edward Maguire (26), Gerard Rice (22), and James Walsh (19), all from the Belfast area. The RUC spokesman said the three were wearing the same clothes in which they made their escape. It is unlikely that the three will be returned immediately to Long Kesh. It seems more likely they will be held for questioning and may possibly be charged with escaping from lawful custody. The two soldiers who dies in Crossmaglen were from the Duke of Edinburgh's regiment. They were on foot patrol in the centre of the village when they were hit by the two bursts of machine gun fire. Three of the soldiers fell and the others dived for cover. Two died a short time later, but the third soldier is not believed to have veen seriously injured. The shooting came just after lunchtime and eye-witnesses said they saw about six men in combat jackets take up positions near the town centre just before the ambush. They were carrying 'ight sub-machine guns and were waiti ig for the foot patrol. After the initial bursts of fire, those soldiers who had gained cover, returned fire and a 15-minute gunbattle ensued. A Saracen armoured car was brought in to remove the soldiers who had been hit and they were airlifted to hospital. The Provisional IRA later claimed responsibility for the attack and in their statement warned that further attacks would be mounted in the area in retaliation for the cold-blooded murder of the Long Kesh internee. In Belfast the city was the scene of several protest marches and hijackings, particularly in the Falls and Springfield Road areas. Buildings in Ann Street were damaged by a 150-lb bomb in a lorry which had been hijacked in Macouley Street in the Market area of the city about 2 o'clock. The Lorry was enroute to the RUC station at Musgrave Street but was stopped at a check point by police. In the Springfield Road area earlier in the day three buses were hi-jacked but were later recovered. A meeting of building workers took place at the City Hall and almost 100 of the staff at Belfast's main post office walked out in protest over the shooting of Mr. Cooney. Hundreds of Queen's University students blocked traffic at Belfast City Hall yesterday when they sat down and held a protest meeting in Bedford Street. A protest march from Belvoir Park to Andersonstown was organised by the Irish Republican Publicity Centre in Belfast. Almost 300 dockers staged a 30-minute protest strike in Derry and traffic in the city centre came to a standstill when the Quayish were blocked by a bus. Earlier 150 workers from factories on the Springtown industrial estate walked a mile to the Fort George army camp and stoood in silence for two minutes outside the main gates. Earlier 12 shots were fired at the Rosemount RUC. station and shots were also fired at checkpoints on Letterkenny Road and the Continued on Page 17 SHAmnOCK imponrs 3150 No. Laramie Chicago, III. 60641 Open 6 days a week, closed Monday If you want something Irish 90 to Shamrock Imports or call (312) 725-9622 Mid-Manhattan Unit I.N.A. New York City Sponsors PRE-THMSGIMG PARTY at Sheehan's Restaurant 93rd Street and 3rd Avenue Sat. Nov, 23 74 9 a.m. until ? Surprise Prizes Entertainment And Music by: Oliver Geraldine Kilmurray and The Mike Ward Trio Donation 3.00 Information catt: 744-7005 Proceeds go to The Oppressed People '. , , in British Occupied Ireland I - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index d5cf9d9b3..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Letters to the Editor Taking Sides' With Britain Two Bishops, Dr. Philibin and Dr. Buchanan have recently asked the people of Ireland to co-operate with what they have euphemistically termed the Security Forces in occupied Ireland. Like appeals were made in Norway and France during World War II. From time to time certain Free State politicians, notably Doctors Conor Cruise O'Brien and FitzGerald also request co-operation with the same so-called security forces in the North from their rather safe havens in Howth and Ballsbridge. A look at the composition of this security force so dear to certain people in high places may not be amiss. Basically what are cosily called the Security Forces consist of the following:: The R.U.C. and their Special Branch, mainly drawn from ex-B Specials; the U.D.R., a sectarian civilian force, para-military by nature, many of its members doubling with extreme Loyalist militants such as the U.V.F., the U.F.F., the Red Hand , the Tartan gangs, etc., the Crown Force of Her Majesty's Army, the more notoriously bigoted and anti Irish regiments being posted to the North, along with S.A.S., M.R.F., M.I.5., M.I., 6, and others -all sinister and underhand agents of the British Army, also black-press Army propagandists (Bishop Tickle too allowed himself to be used) and their side-kicks in Fleet Street and the B.B.C. Coupled with the above are touts, drug-pushers, informers and sleepers, such as the Littlejohns, Wyman and Crinnion in the South. Like it or not this is the Security Force for which certain learned gentlemen would have us conscript Irish Gems November 4,1974 Editor of The Irish People: John Lonergan's literary gems of Irish Wisdom does infuse in an ingenious way, enthusiasm for Ireland and help for solution of the problems. Your paper attracts by the qualities of truthful and sometimes sad current incidents, which continue to tear the hearts of the Irish and other events that give the necessary ingredients for victory. William M. Lonergan Granada Hills, California A Derry Condemnation The Co. Derry Anti-Internment Co-ordinating Committee resents and condemns the political censorship exercised by the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, Dr. Cruise O'Brien, on the journalists of RTE. In a democratic state sovereignty resides with the people. The people have a right to the information necessary for the exercise of their sovereignty at the polls. Suppression of information on the part of an elected official therefore constitutes subversion of the democratic process. It is particularly important that our fellow Irishmen be aware of the real consequences, the privation and suffering, of internees and their families while the crime of internment lasts. As citizens they can then use the peaceful processes of diplomacy and parliamentary action to secure the final elimination of the concentration camp at Long Kesh. On the other hand, ignorance induced in the South, through censorship, will increase the isolation and frustration in the North, with consequent increased violence. It would seem that Dr. O'Brien's actions frequently intensify the conflict he claims to oppose. B. NOONE Glen Road Maghera, Co. Derry the Irish mind. In this light Dr. Cruise O'Brien may find it a little less difficult to understand Senator Mary Robinson's silence. Fr. Denis Faul of Dungannon has been far from being silent. Knowing only too well the duplicity of the British Establishment, he has recently left us in no doubt as to what he thinks of the R.U.C. as a security force ; his remarks make it abundantly clear that this 95 p.c. non-Catholic force secure their own. Of some 160 complaints lodged against members of the R.U.C. for brutality and misconduct not one case of disciplinary action has been forthcoming. Neither have any searches been carried out in safe areas for murder squads, in strange contrast with night and day harassment in West Belfast. This all points to one thing-R.U.C. is but a tool in General King's hand, closing its ears and eyes when it suits the pseudo-gang assassination tactics of Brigadier Frank Kitson. Those who call for co-operation using the Home Office propaganda tag security force call for co-operation with King and Kitson and thereby insult the intelligence of the Irish people. Perhaps Bishops Buchanan and Philbin would care to comment on the source in each of the following: the no-warning anti-civilian bombing of the Abercorn Restaurant and McGurk's Bar; the callous 'Taxi Murders carried out during the reign of Whitelaw; the Dublin Bill Bombs ; the Dublin-Monaghan plastic explosions; the so-called sectarian murders ; the no arrests of those mysterious and invisible murderers; the observation posts -assassination posts uncovered near the homes of Strasbourg witnesses. The Source in all these cases could prove mightly interesting One presumes that learned ecclesiastics heard of Low Intensity Operations in Kenya, Omar and Muscadet. There is nothing ex-cathedra about Irish bishops where taking sides with the Crown Force is concemed-a Catholic bishop once upon a time dined with Major Strickland the very night his native city was burned to the ground by the Security Forces. His people in their own time gave him his answer. Evolution is a slow process and leopards do not change their spots overnight, nor for that matter over fifty or sixty or even a hundred years. Diarmaid 0 Suilleabhain Guaire, Co. Loch Garman. Bistops Misuse Irish People Dear Sir, I feel compelled to comment on the latest warning from Bishop Philbin to the young men of Ireland. It never ceases to bewilder thoughtful Irish people that spiritual leaders can be so devoid of the ordinary' intellectual and emotional drives which inspire other Irishmen and lead them to the primary national problem, the first order of business for every concerned citizen of the nation-the eradication of the chronic evil afflicting our country for so long-England's insistence in dominating the lives of the Irish people. John Mitchel, who, as a Derry Protestant, provides a most striking contrast to Derry's present Bishop Daly, wrote that good government is the most cunning form of government . Yet England in her distain did not show the slightest consideration towards her Irish slaves. Well England knew she didn't have to The humiliations and savagery perpetrated on our people should have been enough to stir them into total rebellion and complete victory long ago, if it hadn't been for-the constant admonition from clerics like Bishop Philbin and Archbishop Troy of Dublin, that the gates of hell waited for those young men who would 'try it out' with their ancient enemy. Troy means nothing in Irish history but Wolfe Tone whom he tried to nickname cut-throat Tone , is honoured every June by the Irish people in their thousands. Yes and even by the present junta of traitors in Leinster House. The mere passage of time does not justify that which was evil in the beginning. The unlawful usurpation of any sod of Ireland and it's later consolidation by thieving settlers, shepherded by English soldiers would have been checked and resolved in 1798 but for the interference of the hierarchy on the side of these British marauders who scoffed at the laws of God and man. The Catholic hierarchy of that day looked on silently, without protest, at this huge infringement of the Fifth and Seventh Commandments of God. Would Bishop Philbin condemn the men who fought in the GPO in Dublin in 1916? After all, Easter Week is as much a part of this generation as the defense of the Bogside, in August, 1969. Or would he dare endorse Archbishop Troy's slander of brave Tone? Would he even associate himself with Bishop Tickle's commendation of the English murderers who left thirteen young Derry men motionless in their own blood? Too long have the bishops misused and manipulated the consciences of the Irish people. Their influence in every aspect of Irish life is paramount and had it been identified with the just, national aspirations of their people could have contributed to the achievement of Irish freedom, centuries ago. These bishops, however, chose to identify with the tormentors of their own flocks. They were not responsible to any Irish authority but themselves and therefore never had to give a reason for their strange teaching that every other nation was justified in fighting for freedom from unlawful foreign domination. But the Irish, they must remain slaves. Bishop Philbin England, France and America fought for their freedom at the cost of great loss of life and THEIR bishops applauded and prayed for their men. If you cannot likewise give spiritual succour and consolation to the fighting men of Ireland, if you cannot preach Christ an Irishman, as Pope John exhorted, then for God's sake, keep your silence. Tnm Ouffey. What The Hell Are Some Of Us Doing? The Editor The Irish People Bronx, New York A Chara: I am still stunned by the closing campaign efforts of the American-Irish political candidates to garnish the Irish votes in New York. Moreover, I am rather surprised at some of the people who endorsed the efforts of candidates who failed to utter one word of behalf of our people in places where it was needed most i.e. debates, T.V. ads, and the regular American news media. Our internees battered in Long Kesh and Crumlin Jail, and living in caveman type conditions. The six counties of 'Occupied Ireland' in a state of riot with people being shot down in the streets, and not one word voiced in America's Fourth Estate by our august American-Irish politicians. Were it not for the fact that I am faced with the reality of living in New York, I would swear that I was taken back in time, and was, in fact, reading Dublin newspapers rather than the American-Irish media. I felt sure that such political bladder in respect to Irish freedom could only come from the likes of Sean Lemass, Bob Brisco, Jack Lynch, Eamon DeValera, and a few more such beauties- Remember 1916 Ireland Unfree Shall Never Be At Peace - Six Divisions, Six Hours, Six Counties - Remember James Connolly . The rhetoric was a little different, and the political names were changed, but it was the same political con job; Let's use the six counties, it's good for a vote. It's what the dumb Irish like to hear, but don't say it too loud . Of all the unmitigated gall, and sacrilegious rhetoric I have ever perused, this use of our oppressed people to con Irish voters is beyond contempt. For Irishmen and Irish women who profess solidarity with our oppressed people to lend their names to politicians who were willing to support the State of Israel and Soviet Jews publicly, but utter no word in the American news media about our bleeding and battered internees is a disgrace to the Irish community. With so many Irish voters involved, this was an opportune moment to force the Irish question into the public arena, and I have to wonder if with the chips down Ireland did not play a secondary role to political patronage and opportunism. To say I am appalled would be the understatement of all time; rather should I get down on my knees, and ask God what Ireland did wrong to deserve such shabby treatment from her own people, and those who claim to have her best interest at heart. Have we been fooled again by promises of help after the fact, but not before? Are we yet so foolish that we will still settle for crumbs when we could have demanded the whole loaf? Have some of our people used their position in the Irish community to endorse candidates whose only credibility comes from rhetoric in places where full exposure to the American public is never achieved? I hope you people are content with your effort, but I would remind you that our internees are still living like dogs, and our people are suffering more brutality than ever. Some of you have attained position in the Irish community because of the present conflict, and only you can answer the question as to whether you have abdicated the principals which should not, and dare not, be placed second to personal gain, or to avoid political embarrassment to public figures. Man does not live on bread alone, and our people in 'Occupied Ireland' can not be expected to continue the struggle unless our support Is both verbal as well as materialistic. We have missed the boat this trip, but let us hope we can learn from it, and press home our voting power in 1975. I suggest that those who have not read 'The McGarrity Papers do so now, and those of us who have could well do with a refresher course on Irish power, and how best to use it. We talk of the sellout of 1921, and Jack Lynch standing idly by. Just what the hell are some of us doing? Noel Malone, Vice President American Irish Repub. Army P.S. If anyone reminds me of Congressional Resolutions; I'll remind them that we are still waiting for positive results, and then I'll ask them: Are the Soviet Jews still waiting for action, and how many Americans read Congressional Records? lt;js the British treat Francis Stagg, what an outcry from the Labour Party we could expect on the question of human rights. Is it not time the British Labour Military Rule The British Foreign Secretary, Mr. A. Callaghan is quoted as stating We should not remain silent on issues of human rights and political freedom. We will speak and act wherever, and whenever, we think it to be right. It is not difficult to credit that Mr. Callaghan personally would hesitate to remain silent when such issues are raised. We recall his warm humanity and the deftness which marked his visits to Belfast and Derry pre-1970. But how are we to reconcile his statement with the present policy of the British Labour Party in Government? This government reputedly the champion of the oppressed, the standard bearer of democracy, dedicated to justice and Freedom; this government maintains the Tory policy of internment in the N.E. of Ireland-even compounds it with torture and terrorism. The British Government inveighs against military govemment-but submits to it in N.E. Ireland If a prisoner (political or criminal) in another country (not, of course, large or powerful) were to be treated THE IRISH PE PLE Dx foolv Ite Foots tV Ki.f ltd Us Our ftfli* 0c W White IrtLwd Hdds IVtt iltm *t*c Uafttt W gt;ti v,p k U Ptxt P* X fuu Published Weekly By THE IRISH PEOPLE, INC. 2705 Bainbridge Ave. Suite 32 Bronx, New York 10458 BUSINESS PHONE 212-365-2999 HOURS: 10 AM - 4 PM 8 PM - 10 PM Serving The Entire United States, Canada, And Ireland Owner and Publisher: THE IRISH PEOPLE, INC. Entered as second class matter on August 1973, at The Bronx Main Post Office, Bronx, New York. Annual subscription 8.00 in the United States. 10.00 in Canada and 12.00 in all other countries. 2? CI H X rn C/ gt; X -o m O -u CD 3 cr CD 0 gt; CO Party examined its conscience? EAMONN OhEOCHAIDH, 44 Pairc Chluain Tore, Baile Atha. Cliagh 11. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6f9614729..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -a a gt; LU J CL o LU CL X C0 UJ X t CD 2 E gt; o Z New Ulster Riot Control Gas Worries Experts The new riot control chemical, UK, is on general supply to troops in Ulster and may be used at any time, it was disclosed yesterday. The chemical, which can be used from spray cans, is intended to cause acute irritation to the skin, eyes, nose and throat. It replaces the widely-used CS gas and has a much greater discomfort factor. Officially it has never been used on the public anywhere in the world, but tests on rabbits in the US show that high concentrations can seriously damage the eyes. Some of the results of the tests are still classified, and the Army's move is bound to raise demands for this information to be published. The Ministry of Defence said yesterday that CR would be used in Ulster only in certain special circumstances -serious riot situations. The ministry's view has always been that CR is no more toxic than CS. The reason for the change is that CS dispelled as a gas-is indiscriminate and the security forces have been accused of gassing people, sometimes in their homes, by exploding too many canisters. CR can be dissolved in a liquid for spraying or in a kind of jelly to make foam riot barriers. The Army can dispel the new chemical from water cannon or from what is known as a Self-Protection Aid Device, a small canister carried by a soldier which works like a water-pistol. The concentration of the agent in these two devices is small; one part in 2,000 (for the spray can) and one part in 40,000 for the water cannon. It can also be dispensed as a gas. Some scientists and doctors are concerned about the possible long-term effects of CR. The Himsworth Committee, which reported on the medical effects of CS gas in 1969 and 1971, recommended that the results of research on any future agent should be freely available to scientists outside government departments. Many scientists feel that this recommendation has not been complied with. The Ministry of Defence, however, claims that it has. It says that tests done in the US and at the Ministry's chemical and biological warfare centre at Porton Down, Wiltshire, have provided the necessary answers. Unlike CS, the new agent has high chemical stability and might form highly reactive and poisonous substances in the course of passage through the body. Experts say these should be long-term tests after severe exposure to CR. CR was approved by the Defence Ministry in November last year, but until two weeks ago it was authorised only for use at the Maze Internment camp which was burnt down on October 15. During the riot at the camp prisoners, used to the effects of CS, claimed that a new agent was used on them. They say it was more irritating to the eyes and had a paralysing effect. The Army denies that it has used CR yet. The Leading Irish Steak House in the Bronx AGO0DPLACETOTAKETHE FAMILY 14 West Fordham Road, Bronx (Just Off Jerome Avenue) FEATURING SIZZLING STEAKS, CHOPS AND BURGERS ENTERTAINMENT WEDNESDAY thru SUNDAY Dining Room Open Till 2 a.m. YOUR HOST: JOE CORNYN FO 4-9824 British Terror Tactics In Nationalist Areas POWER VACUUM IN NORTH The political vacuum in the Six Counties of Northern Ireland continues to grow and the terrible thing about it is that it cannot be filled while the present state of affairs continues. On the one hand a war situation exists between the I.R.A. and the British Army. Arising from this, the latter, in the manner of ail occupying armies the world over, are engaged in a brutal campaign of harassment against the Nationalist population. This has the classic objective of all such campaigns, which is to detach support from the guerilla army by means of terror. History should have told Britain by now (provided of course, that the thick Saxon mentality is capable of absorbing the lesson of history) that such terror tactics invariably achieve the contrary result. There is an additional factor in this war of liberation which is unique, and also sinister. It is the Loyalist part of the equation. By that is meant, the Loyalist para-military groups and their accomplices in the British S.A.S., who are engaged in sectarian assassinations of innocent Catholic members of the population. If the Nationalist areas were not subjected to the saturation tactics and harassment of the British Army, the I.R.A. would be quite capable of dealing with these Loyalist thugs who shoot old men and children from speeding cars, and disappear into the safety of the Shankill, Sandy Row and Rathcoole areas. BRITAIN TRIES TO JUSTIFY ROLE OF PEACEMAKER Britain's Harold Wilson and Merlyn Rees, ably abetted by the Southern Irish Government assert that the British military presence in Ireland is necessary to prevent a Civil War. The tactics * of the British Army of constant harassment of the Nationalist areas and leaving the way clear for the sectarian murder gangs to do their work, is a sure recipe for the Civil War which they claim they are trying to prevent. So far, the I.R.A. has refrained from retaliation. Britain would like it to retaliate, and thus justify her role as alleged peacemaker to world opinion. However, as the only protector of the Nationalist population against both the British Army and the Loyalist murder gangs, the I.R.A. has a specific role to play and is deeply conscious of the feelings of the people it defends. If the sectarian murder gangs push their luck too far, they may well find that they have invited a retribution they will not relish. In the meantime the fight in Occupied Ireland is costing England so much in menand money, that she will have to give up this last desperate attempt of hers to get the nationalist people to accept peace at any price. Her stark naked terror of civilians such as in Kenya, Aden and as advised by Kitson will not pay off in Ireland. Fordham Radio Station Irish News And Comment Every Sunday 1:30 Afternoon Tom Duffy wfuv 90.7 F.M. 1 A T SUPBQKT WSH NCRlfc RM AID k T United States Representatives for I.N.A. McCarthy Mike Flannery Matt Higgins Jack tmm gt; A SEND A DONATION TODAY TO f IRISH NORTHERN AID 273 E. 194TH ST BRONX, NEW YORK 10458 A T Name Address Enclosed please find A *5 10 25 50 y AOH Concert Nov 22 Hyde Park, TV. Y. Division 6, Ancient Order of Hibernians in America, New Hyde Park, N.Y. will present a concert and afterglow by the Glee Club of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick on Friday evening, November 22, 1974. The concert will be held at the Knights of Columbus Clubrooms, New Hyde Park, starting at 8:30 P.M. Jimmy Erwin's Irish Dancers will also perform. Tickets are 5.00 per person. For further information and reservations, call 516-437-4757 before 6 P.M. and 516-742-5464 after 6 P.M. wish Northern Aid Sunnyside Unit, N. York 1st Jimmy Steele iCommemoratiom Dance will be held at Geo. W. Hudson K. of C. 49th St. Queens Blvd. on Saturday November 16th 9 p.m. to 1:OOa.m. Top Irish-American Music and Entertainment Donation 5.00 Chairman: John McMorrow Co-Chairmen Pat McParland, Frank Fee Curfew Illegal' Northern Secretary of State Mr. Merlyn Rees-accused of a massive cover-up of the numbers injured in Long Kesh rioting-was also charged with allowing British troops impose an unofficial curfew in the Falls area of Belfast, during which over 250 people were detained for screening. The executive of the North's Republican Clubs demanded yesterday that doctors who had treated men injured in prison disturbances release details of their wounds. Mr. Jim Sullivan, who represents some 120 men detained in Long Kesh, wants the prisoners to be allowed to state which representative will visit them, rather than be forced to accept visits from Assemblymen chosen by Mr. Rees, but who in many cases advocate policies being rejected by the inmates. He is also demanding the Governor of Long Kesh, Mr. Robert Truesdale, whom he accuses of being a sadist, be removed from office. On Thursday night British soldiers in the Falls were lifting everyone over the age of 14 and holding them for hours, the conference was told. Attempts are being made to impose unofficial curfews in the Falls, Ardoyne and New Lodge, said Mr. Seamus Lynch, a member of the executive, which also charges the army with failing to meet the legal requirements about notifying relatives if someone is injured or moved from one police or army base to another. Mr. Sullivan disputed claims from some loyalist groups that Protestant prisoners in Long Kesh did not support republicans in the burning of buildings. The 'Red Hand Commandos' engaged in burning huts in concert with republican prisoners, he said. The Republican Clubs named Hugh Walsh as being in danger of losing the sight in one eye, and to have had three teeth lodged in the roof of his mouth after having a gas canister fired at point-blank range in his face. It was, they said, three hours before he received hospital treatment. They said three prisoners were treated for injuries caused when barbed-wire strands were lodged round the necks of prisoners trying to escape the inslaught of the British troops. Total known cases treated at the Royal Victoria Hospital was 70 with more arriving as late as midnight on Wednesday. They also understood 109 men were treated in Musgrave Park Hospital, and that three cases were flown for specialised treatment to Altnaqelvin Hospital, Derry. rFLOOR SCRAPING AND REFINISHING EXPERT I WORKMANSHIP CALL ANYTIME 'X P John Cooper 212-881-5168' J j Jim O'Gara 212-367-7128J New Books On Ireland FREEDOM STRUGGLE 1 By The Provisional IRA EIRE NUA By Ruairi 0 Bradaigh 150 100 ULSTER 100 POSTAGE 50t EXTRA FOR 2 BOOKS WRITE: THE IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE 273 E. 194th ST., BRONX, NEW YORK 10458 J - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index a5945a436..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -I Will Investors Ever Again Trust Dublin? DUBLIN-Europe's biggest zinc and lead mine, located at Navan in Eire's County Meath, is lying idle. The Canadian and European investors who own it cannot raise the money they need to work it, because the Irish government has not granted them a lease. Although the mine would constitute the biggest industrial investment ever made in Eire, where jobs are scarce, the government has spent almost four years weighing the application for a permit to work the deposit. It recently set forth the terms on which it would grant the lease, terms which the mining company promptly spurned as grievously onerous and unreasonable, not to mention illegal. All Dublin wants is half the equity for a song, and the right to take four-fifths of the gross profits. The tribulations of Tara Exploration Development Ltd., which owns the 77-million-ton lead-zinc deposit at Navan, illustrate the difficulties which hard-rock miners today face worldwide. From British Columbia to Australia via Norway and Morocco, governments have taken to aping OPEC. Ignoring the difference between the highly volatile base metals market and the rigged oil market, these governments are writing mining leases that are tantamount to expropriation in the best Arab manner. MINISTER SUED The Irish case perhaps is unusual in that the Socialist Minister involved has displayed such a degree of arbitrariness that he is being sued in the courts for unconstitutional acts. In other ways, though, it is typical enough to serve as a test case. By trying to go too far, the Irish government is demonstrating experimentally, as it were, at what point mining investors balk. Not only is the Navan deposit lying unworked, but also Ireland's mining industry as a whole is grinding to a halt. Prospecting has virtually stopped. Plans for a mineral-processing plant have been abandoned. Foreign investors are withdrawing, and the oil companies have indicated that on terms like these, they couldn't care less what lies beneath the Irish Sea. The Irish mining industry is a recent creation. Liberal mining laws, enacted by Conservative governments, attracted enterprising Irish-Canadian prospectors to the Isle in the 'Sixties. When they struck it rich, they were followed by the international mining majors. Some 130 million was spent on prospecting over the past decade. It turned up enough lead, zinc, copper and silver to make concentrates a leading Irish export. By last year, 1,000 licenses were held by prospectors using the latest geochenrical and electronic techniques to locate that proverbial crock o' gold hidden under the Ould Sod. Four Irish mines currently are in production. Avoca Mines, controlled by Discovery Mines of Canada, operates in County Wicklow. Silvermines, which is 75 -owned by International Mogul, raises lead and zinc in Tipperary. Northgate Exploration, a Canadian concern listed on the NYSE, mines lead-zinc at Tynagh in Galway and copper at Gortdrum, Tipperary. All those discoveries were dwarfed by the rich ore body located at Navan, not 100 miles from Dublin, by Tara, an Irish-Canadian company closely associated with Northgate. UNSUCCESSFUL BID Tara's shares are listed in Toronto and London. From 50 cents before the Navan strike, they zoomed to 29 earlier this year, during an unsuccessful takeover bid by British and Canadian interests. After the bid, Tara's ownership was divided between Cominco of Vancouver, which holds 17 , Charter Consolidated of London with 14 , Canada's Noranda Mines with 19 , and Northgate and the Irish directors, who hold about 40 . When the dispute erupted with .ublin over a lease, trading in the stock was briefly suspended. The shares currently trade around 14. The mines* at Tynagh, Silvermines and Gortdrum were opened up under the favorable legislation passed in 1956. Then in 1967, additional incentives were offered, notably, the promise of a 20-year tax holiday for any mine that went into production before 1986. Feverish prospecting activity ensued, culminating in the discovery at Navan in November 1970. Dublin gave Tara firm undertakings that a suitable lease would be granted, so the company went ahead with development. It sank 25 million at the site and planned to spend all told almost 100 million to bring the mine into production by next year. The project was to raise 2.5'million tons of ore a year, yielding 470,000 tons of concentrates. At current prices, they would be worth about 100 million, or 1.5 of Eire's gross national product. Canadian banks, led by the Toronto Dominion Bank, stood ready to provide senior financing once the lease was official. REPLACED BY COALITION Things started to go wrong with the Irish elections of February 1973. After 16 years in office, the Conservatives were ousted by a coalition of the Fine Gael and the Labour Party. A Labour politician, Justin Keating, took over the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, which controls mining. Suddenly in September 1973, without consultation or warning, Mr. Keating abolished the 20-year tax holiday that had attracted mining capital to Ireland. This reversal did so much damage to Eire's reputation for fair dealing that the Prime Minister, Liam Cosgrave, issued repeated assurances that taxation would be reasonable and in line with that of other countries. That had a consequence the Irish nationalists had not foreseen. Since Irish mining-shares had slumped when the tax-break ended, and the government now was promising that taxation would be no worse than in other lands, foreign mining giants moved in. Their target was Tara and its rich Navan'ore body, Cominco, which belongs to the Canadian Pacific group, and Charter Consolidated, controlled by the powerful Anglo American Corp., in February 1974 bid 25 apiece for Tara shares. Many Irish stockholders sold out, and the Irish directors could only fight off the bid by enlisting the aid of Noranda Mines. The bid failed, but 51 of Tara stock passed under foreign control. In the process, it was demonstrated that the mining world valued Tara at well over 160 million. Under its new owners, Tara pressed ahead with development work at Navan. It completed a 1,000-foot access shaft and a 4,000-foot service ramp, and started work on the concentrator complex. Then, in order to clinch its financing arrangements, it asked the government for the promised lease. On July 8, Mr. Keating unveiled his modest proposals. He wanted 49 of the equity, of which 25 would be paid for by issue of the lease and 24 in cash. But the sum he had in mind was 9.6 million. Thus, the government would pay 9.6 million for 49 of a company which the market had just valued at over 160 million. Viewed another way, it was offering 2.50 for shares which Cominco and Charter Consolidated had offered (and paid) 25. UNIQUELY EXORBITANT There was more. The government would charge royalties on a scale that would jslide from 4 to 20 , as maximum production was attained. Moreover, it would take 50 of the profits as corporate tax. A simple calculation shows that far from being comparable with the government take in other countries, these levies were uniquely exorbitant. Out of every 100 of gross profits, the Irish government would take 20 in royalty, plus 40 In profits tax (50 of the remaining 80). Then, as shareholder, it would get 19.60, which is 49 of the net profits of 40 after tax. In all, its take would run to - 79.60. If it levied royalty at the ' more moderate rate of 15 , it would still claim 78.70 out of every 100 of operating profit. That would compare with a total government take from 100 of mining revenues of 40 in Italy, 47.70 in Canada, 48 in the U.S., and 56.20 in Socialist Norway. Moreover, it compared with only 10 that prospectors were told they would have to pay when they first went to Eire in quest of minerals a gasfield off Cork, in a region, moreover, where many bore holes have been failures. The Confederation of Irish Industries concludes: The government must therefore present a package of terms which will be more attractive (not less) than those available off other Northwestern European shores at the present time. By trying to impose in advance the few years ago. Granted that promises sortuof fms NorwaY could get away with after major oil discoveries, 0 gt;i *.* ****** , of a tax holiday had been forgotten with the change in government, the present Irish administration seemed to be overlooking its commitment to impose comparable mining taxes and to issue Tara an acceptable lease. Accordingly, the company rejected the terms it was offered and started long, and so far fruitless, negotiations for a better deal. Meantime, in the absence of a lease, financing could not be arranged and there was no cash to proceed with development of the mine. So on August 16, it was put on a care and maintenance basis, and most workers were laid off. Having been advised by legal counsel that the Minister's demand for 49 of its equity at bargain prices was unconstitutional, Tara sued him before the High Court. It asked for a court order compelling the Minister to issue a mining lease on reasonable terms. Into the bargain, it sought damages, which could run to 72 million, to compensate it for the long wait for a mining lease. NO CONFIDENCE MOTION That was quite enough to bring the Tara brouhaha into the foreground of turbulent Irish politics (the Cosgrave government now faces a motion of no confidence ). Exploiting the now-familiar rhetoric of natural-resources demagogy, the Labour Minister has won the vociferous support of conservationalists and leftists. Dublin is plastered with Sinn Fein signs, Nationalize Tar l Ireland's wealth for the Irish people As sometimes happens when Celtic eloquence gets free rein, the mere facts are lost to sight. The way they tell it in the pubs along O'Connel Street, the Navan deposit is really worth two billion Irish pounds ( 4.8 billion), whereas at today's prices, a few hundred million dollars would be nearer the mark. The Minister is credited with defending this national treasure from foreign freebooters. On the contrary, Mr. Keating has -been trying to enlist the support of the foreign shareholders in Tara to oust the Irish group that exerts control. In September, he pressingly invited Cominco, Charter Consolidated and Noranda to meet . him in Dublin. His idea was that since they owned 51 of the stock, they could join forces, overthrow the Irish directors and then come to terms with him for a lease. When Noranda flatly refused to attend any meeting in the absence of the Irish directors, the scheme for a palace revolution fell through. In demanding a carried interest in the Navan mine, Mr. Keating says he is following the pattern Norway has set in fixing terms for North Sea oil permits. Indeed, the Irish Labour Party would like to set up a state minerals authority modelled on Norway's Statoil, which would own the 49 stake in Navan and a similar carried interest in all future mining leases and offshore oil permits. A batch of 20-25 exploration blocks on Ireland continental shelf is to be put up for bids before the end of the year, and the oil companies will probably be asked to accept the terms being proposed to Tara. MAY OVERPLAY HAND If so, Dublin might well be overplaying its hand. Although many Irishmen credit their offshore waters with wealth equal to that of the North Sea, geologists point out that the sea bed is mostly solid rock, without promise of oil or gas. The only waters likely to cover hydrocarbons are 650-1,000 feet deep, and thus beyond the range of today's technology. So far the only DwiHon g pf-jiydrocarbons is;a ;small Dublin is out-Heroding Herod. In any case, oil companies can afford to take certain risks as long as OPEC succeeds in keeping the price of crude around 10 a barrel. Hard-rock miners, in contrast, are looking for metals, the price of which fluctuates wildly. Right now, base metal quotations are falling sharply, endangering the future of all marginal Irish mines. By choosing this moment to force through Draconian terms, and to renege on official undertakings, Dublin risks killing an industry that was juststirring to life. COULD FACE SHUTDOWN Already Avoca Mines, hit by the crash in copper prices, has retrenched on half its workforce and could face closure. Irish mines are barely profitable; anyhow they will be worked out within the decade. If the industry is to survive, more mines will have to be found, by keeping up the pace of exploration and by using the expertise and equipment drawn to Eire during the minerals boom. Yet by the -j since the terms for the Navan lease X were made public, all prospecting has , ceased. Investor-owned companies 2 cannot agree to risk millions of dollars in the uncertain quest for minerals if they know they will be despoiled of 80 of whatever they find. The problem goes well beyond Ireland's shores. It concerns all those Jjp governments which presume that they S can copy OPEC, if they have any jjj. natural resources to sell. The point is best made this month Association for Economic Geology, a group of Irish geologists who have eg drawn the lessons of Dublin's recent gt; ventures into natural-resources bluff: The mines of the future will be at greater depth and will give very little, if indeed any, surface response. The exploration programs required to find such deposits will be intensive and . long-term and will, therefore, involve much greater expenditure. They will require a solid fiscal and legal framework. Because of their long-term nature, they will require guarantees that the ground rules, once established, will not be changed. The courts now must decide whether, in Tara's case, the rules were changed unconstitutionally. Whatever the upshot, Tara is condemned to go ahead, because it has sunk so much money in its mine on the strength of official promises. What is at stake is whether investors ever again will be willing to place their trust in Dublin's word. John McGowan Memorial Previously this newspaper announced that the Miltown Malbay Social Club will hold a fund-raising benefit at Gaelic Park Casino in December for the purpose of erecting a perpetual memorial to the life and work of John McGowan. It is now known that the dance will be held at the Casino on the evening of December 21, a Saturday.* To direct the dance and fund-raising drive, the Club has organized the John McGowan Memorial Committee as follows: Co-Chairmen: John O'Malley, 933-7476; Danny McMahon TA-2-2470 President: Michael Frawley, 884-0261 Treasurer: Jay Crawford FA-5-8877 Secretary: .Mary McCarthy FA-5-5162 Publicity Director: Sean Frawley (914) 271-5936 The appeal for contributions and donations by the Committee for the- John McGowan Memorial should be viewed by all who knew him, by all who benefited from his tireless efforts in their behalf, as an excellent opportunity to say Thank you, and to help continue the spirit of his work. All donations, all contributions, should be made payable to a special fund formed by the Memorial Committee as follows: The John McGowan Memorial Fund Jay Crawford, Treasurer 4151 Monticello Avenue Bronx, New York 10466 All inquiries in regard to the Memorial Fund or the dance should be directed to any of the Committee members listed above. MIKE GORMAN'S BAR and GRILL If you want the best In music, company and drink-we have it. 204th Street and Webster Avenue Bronx, New York Come and make yourself at home in an Irish bar IT Ancient Order Of Hibernians Division 41 ANNUAL HARVEST BALL I AT St. Joseph By The Sea High School 5150 Hylan Blvd. Huguenot, Staten Island, New York I FEATURING PADDY NOONAN'S BAND ON SATURDAY NOV. 23rd i AT 9 P.M. DONATION 6 SET-UPS AVAILABLE evn L FOR INFORMATION CALL OR rtffr ffi a *. (212) 984-6209 (212) 356-4370 , - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 30bd7c8a6..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page8/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -00 LU -J 0. O LU O. C CO Inquiry Into Death Of Internee Sought n . L Jema ds 4 Remembrance British Secretary LU X o E gt; O The shooting of Hugh Coney has brought varying reaction in the North ranging from a call by the Civil Rights Association for the arrest of Mr. Rees, the Northern. Secretary, to a demand for a full independent inquiry by the Bishop of Derry, Most Rev. Edward Daly. The Bishop of Derry, Dr. Daly, demanded a full and independent inquiry into the killing of Hugh Coney, who was shot dead while attempting to escape from Long Kesh. Extending his sympathy to the man's family, Dr. Daly said: I have asked that prayers be offered for the repose of his soul at all Masses in the city this evening. I am also asking that prayers be offered at these Masses for the ending of internment without trial. TRIBUNAL I demand a full, independent inquiry into this latest killing. As long as internment continues and Long Kesh continues to exist in its present form the agony of the North will only get worse. Once again I appeal for an immediate ending of internment without trial. Mr. Oliver Napier, Alliance Party leader, said in a statement that each incident of this nature reinforces the argument for the establishment of an 'independent tribunal,' to investigate incidents of public controversy on this kind. He said he would be asking Mr. Rees to instruct the present, government inquiry set up to investigate the Maze disturbances of last month, to include in its terms of reference the events of Tuesday night. The Civil Rights Association in their statement said that Mr. Rees ought to be arrested on a charge of murder because as the British Government Minister responsible for Northern Ireland, he bears the responsibility for the behaviour of his troops. The Association described the death of Mr. Coney as cold-blooded murder. The statement also said that Mr. Coney had spent two years and four months of the last three years of his life in prison for doing nothing. They say he. was arrested at the beginning of 1972 and held in Crumlin Road Jail for one year. He was then released but was re-arrested in June, 1973, and detained. E ( StosS Gulf Tankers Expected To Return To Irish Ports DUBLIN-Two giant oil tankers ordered out of Irish territorial waters Tuesday night because the government here feared a possible collision in Bantry Bay, Cork, are now expected to return today to unload their crude at the Gulf Oil Corp.'s Whiddy Island transshipment and oil storage terminal. Flor Crowley, an opposition member of Parliament for the Cork region, charged that Peter Barry, the minister for transport and power, had overreacted in his decision to instruct the VLCC tankers to leave the area. Mr. Crowley, in a statement, said that all experts recognized that Bantry Bay was absolutely safe for the anchorage of five large tankers at the same time. When one considered that 50 per cent of the business at Bantry Bay was by charter, it is not good enough to order ships to steam around indefinitely. Mr. Barry's instruction to the two supertankers to quit the bay area came after he had made a helicopter tour of the coastal region around the Gulf oil terminal following last weekend's major oil spillage when another tanker was taking on crude REILLf BAR AND GRILL 1776 East Tremont Ave Bronx, N.York, N.Y. TA-2-9335 Compliments of John Reilly for Spain. It appears that the government, ,and specifically Mr. Barry's own ministry, were not aware that five giant tankers were in Bantry Bay, the location of the Gulf terminal, at the same time. This, the minister has since said, was in contravention of an understanding reached with the company. The minister reported to the cabinet that he feared a possible collision between two or more of the tankers, although there are unconfirmed reports from Bantry that Mr. Barry himself had refused to implement a recommendation last weekend by one of his own senior officials asking that all ships be ordered out of the area and that operations at the terminal should cease pending a detailed investigation into the oil spill. Work was continuing on Thursday in clearing up the spillage, and Gulf Oil has already indicated that it will meet in full all legitimate claims for compensation. The company will also give its own definitive estimate of the full extent of the spill. AWAITING REPORT The government is awaiting its report on the incident, and officials claim that provisional findings suggest that it occurred through a faulty valve on the tanker Universe Leader loading at the terminal. The spillage, according to current official estimates, may have exceeded some 600,000 gallons. The government meanwhile, has now decided, following this latest oil spill, to establish a port authority or other supervisory board for Bantry, one of Europe's largest deepwater ports. John McGowan Memorial Fund Sponsored MILTOWN MALBAY SOCIAL CLUB, fe y Held in conjunction with a dance at forK GAELIC PARK, 240th St Broadway, N.Y.C. Saturday, December 21st, 1974 For the purpose of erecting a living perpetual memorial in honor of this outstanding American and Irishman, in his native Miltown Malbay, Co. Clare. Any donations would be greatly appreciated and acknowledged. Make checks payable to John McGowan Memorial fund and mail in c/o J. Crawford, 4151 Monticello Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10466. Tel: 325-8877. For further information, phone any of the below: Pres. Michael Frawley, 884-0261 Co-Chairmen John O'Malley, 933-7476; Danny McMahon, 822-2470 The following is a press statement issued by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) through its American Representative: The National Association for Irish Freedom (NAIF). In a statement issued today (November 6, 1974) the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association has called for the immediate arrest of Merlyn Rees on a charge of murder. As the Minister responsible for Northern Ireland, he bears the responsibility for the behavior of his troops. In cold-bloodedly murdering Hugh Gerard Coney, 24, an internee in Long Kesh, Mr. Rees has declared open season on all internees. While the British people eulogized their soldiers for escaping from Nazi concentrations camps in the last war, thirty years later British soldiers gunned down an innocent man who tried to do exactly the same thing. In our opinion, it is the express duty of any internee who has been unjustly imprisoned without charge or trial to attempt to escape. Hugh Coney has spent two years and four months of the last three years of his Jife imprisoned for doing nothing. In January, 1972 he was arrested and kept in the Crumlin Road Jail for one year. He was released with no charges preferred. In June, 1973 he was interned, but not before being badly beaten by the Royal Ulster Constabulary in the Omagh RUC station. According to our sources the figures for the people injured have been grossly underestimated by the Northern Ireland government. There may be as many as 100 men injured in the aftermath-mainly from Belfast. The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association has contacted international organizations asking them to protest this murder. NICRA says that it is obvious that the British government has added Interment without charge or trial to its policy of Internment without charge or trial. The National Association for Irish Freedom joins in this call for the arrest of Merlyn Rees. In addition, we ask that all people write their local Congressman and Senators to demand that they call for an immediate end to the policy of Internment without charge or trial being practiced by the government of Great Britain. BAR MAIDS Irish born Bar maids Experience not necessary will train. . NOLAN'S SLIGO HOUSE South Amboy, N.J. Living accommodations available if required. Jimmie Steele Seamus, James, Jimmie. His name in all it's forms is a close description of the man. Dedicated to the ideal of Gaelic culture and language. Stern and unyielding in his patriotism. Fun-loving and friendly he was quietly religious, compassionate and charitable. Jimmie's life story would fill several volumes, so this is but a brief sketch. He was a member of Fianna na hEireann in the New Lodge Road area of Belfast towards the end of the Black and Tan War and during the several years of the terror-program against the abandoned nationalist minority in the six Northern counties. As a member of the IRA in the mid-twenties he worked unceasingly to rebuild the IRA in Nationalist Belfast. In his youth and early manhood he was already something of a legend in his home area. During the constant raids and arrests his public defiance and courage were outstanding. Seized in a round up in ,1934, his prison fight, twenty years in all, began. He spent a year or so in prison at that time, and later in 1936, he with Billy Mulholland from Old Park Road, and myself, were detained for three months in Crumlin Road Prison. In 1937 a meeting of the BattJion Staff of which he was Adjutant was raided by the Special Branch and police. Battlion Staff with one exception were arrested. The exception was later tried, found guilty and shot as an informer. Receiving long terms of penal servitude, they spent months in solitary confinement, naked, on bread and water, plus periods of hunger strfke to back their demands for political treatment. During a peaceful period in the prison, he and Hugh Mc Ateer of Derry and two others went over the wall one morning. The wartime black-out covering their escape, they made their way on foot to my parents' home, and were supplied with food and clothing while contact was made with the IRA. My parents are both dead, and safe from British vengeance. For the next three months, at the height of the 'Rourties campaign, Jimmie was now a National leader in the IRA. The intense man-hunt to recapture him was recognition by the enemy of the importance of his leadership, and finally he was arrested by a huge raiding party in the New Lodge area and taken back to Crumin Road prison, being the last political prisoner to go free in 1947. Immediately upon release, he brought together the remnants of the Belfast Battalion and the rebuilding began anew. Lack of public support shortened the IRA efforts in the mid-fifties and towards the end Jimmie was again in prison. Released again in 1958 when support for the IRA was all but dead in Ireland, he succeeded in holding together the greatly reduced numbers of the IRA in Belfast. Concentrating on the National Graves Association, organizing Easter Week Commemorations and IRA reunions, writing and publishing IRA booklets, songs and poems he was the main force that kept the Republican M6vement alive in the North. During the next nine or ten years he came into conflict with the IRA leadership, publically denouncing what he considered their betrayel of the principles of the IRA and subverting it into extreme left political activities with Communist Party connection. He was abruptly dismissed from the IRA. Shortly afterwards the division occurred that led to the formation of the Provisional IRA, with Jimmie among the top leadership. He died of a heart attack in August 9th, 1970. Jimmie and Anna Crawford, boy and girlhood sweethearts married in their early Fourties. A son was born to them who they named Colm, a wonderful crowing reward for the trials of the past. Colm was nine years when he was killed by a hit and run driver a few yards from his home. From Jimmie's letter: 28 Condara Street, Belfast, 25/12/61 You will understand how Anna and I feel about this awful tragedy that has befallen us. It is too tragic to express in words and our hearts are so sore with pain and grief of our loss. Even yet we cannot realize that Colm has gone from us. He was such a comfort and joy to us, so lively and full of fun, singing from morning till night or reciting poems. It is a heavy cross we are asked to bear this time-yet we know that God must have some good reason for taking him back from us so soon- For the remainder of his life, summer or winter, Jimmie daily visited his son's graveside. They rest together now. Anna remains at home, strong and reliant, with her memories. Memories that are sweet, yet perhaps sometimes bitter. Our hearts are with her particularly at Christmas time. Her address is still 28 Clondara Street, Belfast. SEAMUS UACRUAIDLAOIC JAMES THE WARRIOR OF STEEL His life and ideals enshrine him as the embodiment of the Fianna slogan 'Truth on our lips, strength in our arms, purity in our hearts. GOD REST HIM WELL. I Call collect 201-727-0263 between 9-10 e.m. and after 8 p.m. Monday through Thursday. REMEMBER PETER CASSIDY Murdered by the Free State Gov. in Kilmainham on November 17,1922. BY: C. Mc L. J TOM GIBBONS FUNERAL DIRECTOR CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Specializing in the shipment ot human remains to and from Europe, Canada, and the United States. 848-7400 DURTY NELLY'S 119-123 WEST KINGSBRIDGE ROAD . (Between University and Webb Avenues) WEDNESDAY PAT O'HARA and RAY WICHAM THURSDAY JOE NELLANY and JERRY FINLEY FRIDAY JOE NELLANY and THE SLIGO ACES SATURDAY SPECIAL GUEST ARTIST SUNDAY THE GREEN ISLE GROUP TUESDAY IRISH TRADITIONAL COMING NOV. 26 ANNA Mc GOLDRICK DIRECT FROM IRELAND Reservations accepted: 549*9757 Your hosts: Pat Wynne and Phil Delaney PARTY Sponsored By Irish Northern Aid To Defray Expenses for Christmas Party for the Children in Northern Ireland. Your Donation Will Help to Relieve Their Suffering During the I Christmas Season. To Be Held At The Sunnjside Pub 1345 46th Street, Queens, New Yorkl FRIDAY, NOV. 22, 19741 7 O'clock Chairman-BILL GRIMES Co-Chairmen BOB McCANN-JIM GOUGH DONATION 3.00 i t - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 8d7c8aef6..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1974-11-16 Irish People/page9/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -'I Was Not Ward's Boyfriend The mystery surrounding the private life of convicted mass murderer, Judith Ward, has led to many speculative stories about her friends and contacts during her stay in Ireland. Her claim that she married Michael McVerry, the formerProvisional IRA 0/C in South Armagh, has already been denied by McVerry's parents and the records at the Irish Register Office. And last night, a story that her real boy friends in the Provisional movement was Long Kesh internee Eugene Moore was vehemently denied by him. Mr. Moore, now living with his wife and child in Dundalk, insisted that he had never met Judith Ward and was at no time a member of the Provos. A butcher in a Dundalk supermarket, Mr. Moore (34) was interned during the 1956-62 IRA campaign and was again lifted during the big roundup on August 9, 1971, and Interned in Long Kesh. He was released in April, 1972. During Judith Ward's trial at Wakefield Court it was stated that she had visited him in Long Kesh. But last night he said he had never met anybody fitting her description. This has left me in a terrible predicament. I am in no way in sympathy with what she has done, added Mr. Moore, who said he had not been actively involved with the IRA since 1969. The dealership of both wings will confirm that, he added. Since the trial began his house has been besieged by English reporters. 'They said their sources in the British Special Branch told them I was connected with Judith Ward. I don't know where they got their information. I have asked numerous friends in Dundalk and Newry about Miss Ward but nobody knows anything about her, said Mr. Moore. The Moore family used to make regular visits to his mother and father in Newry but now these have stopped. With these stories flying around there is every possibility that I will be lifted again by the British and thrown into Long Kesh. Twice is enough, he added. Mr. Justice Waller, the judge in the Judith Ward case, was surrounded by a tight security screen yesterday after he had sentenced her at Wakefield Crown Court. Ward is expected to start her 30-year jail sentence in a secure part of a men's prison. But when the conversion of E Wing at Durham jail as a women's prison is completed she is likely to join Myra Hindley, the Moors murderer, and other women required to be kept in top security conditions. And former Chief of Staff of the Provisional IRA, Mr. Sean Mac Stiofain yesterday denied ever having met Judith Ward, as claimed by her brother, David, yesterday. Her brother David had claimed that while he and Miss Ward were living in Sandymount, Dublin, one of her many visitors was Sean Mac Stiofain. Last night Mr. Mac Stiofain said: I deny categorically having ever met Miss Judith Ward, much less visited her in a flat in Sandymount. If my information is correct, she and her brother lived in this flat around the time I was incarcerated in the Curragh Camp. Broken Pipe Led To Huge Dock Inferno A fractured pipeline to a roadtanker caused the gas leak which lead to the huge blaze at the Calor-Kosangas gas-bottling depot at Dublin's North Wall early yesterday. But forensic examination have still failed to discover where the spark came from to ignite the fire, the city's worst in many years. One theory being investigated was that the blaze was caused by a hot point on the exhaust pipe of the tanker being filled. The ignition had been switched off before loading began. Night workmen had turned off all electrical equipment, shut off gas valves and set the sprinkler system in operation before leaving the premises. The gas depot is quite close to major oil stores, and firemen prevented the blaze from spreading and igniting three containers in the yard, of each containing 400 tons of gas. Sinn Fein Demands End To British Rule Mr. Ruairi O'Bradaigh, President of Sinn Fein (Kevin Street) issued the following statement on November 6th condemning the death of Hugh Cooney of Coalisland, Co. Tyrone. The murder of Hugh Gerard Coney, (age 24), Coalisland, Co. Tyrone, by British troops at Long Kesh Internment Camp, and the further brutalizing of unarmed prisoners by these same troops for the second time in three weeks, adds a further chapter to the infamy of internment without trial in Ireland. Mr. Rees and his government have shown in words and deeds that their concern for their guard dogs is greater than that for the human beings who fill their concentration camps, irrespective of whether they are Republicans or Loyalists , sentenced prisoners or internees. It is time to call not just for an end to the abomination which is Long Kesh but also for the final closing down of that British rule which requires internment in every decade to maintain itself. No British Military Inquiry or other investigation short of a full International Inquiry into Long Kesh will have the slightest credence with the Irish people. Sincere sympathy is offered to the relatives, comrades and friends of the dead internee on behalf of the entire Republican Movement. Recital November 24 NEW YORK, N.Y.-Ray DeVoll, tenor soloist with the NEW YORK PRO MUSICA, Baltimore Symphony, Rochester Symphony, and countless other orchestras and opera companies, will present an evening of Renaissance, Elizabethan, Baroque, and Romantic songs at Alice Tully Hall on Sunday, November 24 at 8:00 P.M. Mr. DeVoll will be assisted by pianist Allen Rogers and lutenist Lucy Cross. The program is drawn from the wide background of Ray DeVoll's unusual repertoire and ranges from the works of Italian Renaissance composers Peri and Mazzaferrata to, the lovely Elizabethan lute songs of Dowland, Ford, andBartlettjo songs Continued on Page 13 But there was a series of explosions from small cylinders as they were hurled hundreds of feet into the night sky, lit by a ball of blue and yellow flames. Two people were injured. One of them, Mr. Martin Olwell, a fireman attacked to Tara Street station, was discharged after treatment. The other man, Michael Walsh (26), an RTE technician, was detained in the Richmond Hospital with head injuries. He lives at Elgin Road and is a native of Foxford, Co. Mayo. Company executives and Garda forensic experts sifted through the charred gas cylinders in the road loading yard where the fire was contained by up to 50 firemen. Five road tankers were burnt out in the blaze, a large number of small cylinders were blown apart and a workshop was also badly burnt. The inferno forced more than 200 residents of Alexandra Road area to leave their homes. Work continued INA Condemns British For Torture Of Irish Mifti ) Prisoners normally the following day and ensuing disturbances at Magilligan and lorries left the depot with dealers' Armagh highlight the sordid and supplies. Company engineers examined the scene to assess the cost, but no figure has yet been put on the damage caused. There was speculation that the figure could run into hundreds of thousands of pounds. A spokesman for the company, Mr. B. Evans, stressed that the fire was contained to the yard area and exaggerated fears were due to the confusion at the start of the fire, many people believing bombs had gone off in the city. The security and fire regulations of the port area are such that an area where the trouble starts can be easily isolated, as happened in this case, he said. The damage was very small in relation to the whole area. inhuman conditions of these evil places. Hundreds of Irish men and women are being held and many others are being held under savage sentences in the hands of these gaolers. The fight for freedom and sovereignty is being waged by the wonderful men and women of this generation. We pledge our support and ask all concerned to join us in this noble cause. The struggle has been long and arduous and the cost in human suffering great but our goal is a free and united Ireland. We call on all elected officers and all Civil Rights organizations to express their involvement and deep concern to the United Nations. Failure to condemn would leave the British free to continue the same barbarous treatment of Irish Republican prisoners in a savage effort to break the spirits of the prisoners and their loved ones. Tourists Shocked Free State Hotels Deplorable T. . ... .. . . . lulled into a sense of false security by The image of the dirty Irish and Ba nt d or and soft ighting while our very poor international jn m kjtd,en jnsect jfe swarms and reputation for hygiene, is costing the Ms hoalth is threatened by country an estimated one million contaminated food Mr. Gorman pounds every year in lost tourist . earnings, a senior Bord Failtie 'inereare many examples of what executive warned yesterday f a tourjst jnt of vjeW/ Mr Michael Gorman told a seminar J , mjnjmum standard js ot in Galway on Hygiene ,n the Hotel at there are and Tourist Industry that dirty J h , associate pubs, oilets and hotels and a poor J J aMncfzormatt with typhoid, general attitude to litter and At a picket line held outside the offices of The British Airways in New York City protesting the death of Hugh Cooney and the torturing of Irish Political Prisoners in English jails, The Irish Northern Aid Committee issued the following statement. The leadership of the Irish Northern Aid Committee in Ireland and in America calls on all members and their friends in the Irish-American community to raise their voices in condemnation of the treatment and the conditions under which Francis Stagg, Paul Holmes, Ray Walsh, Sean Campbell and all other Irish Republican prisoners are held in English prisons. Such inhuman and depraved treatment of prisoners is practiced nowhere else but in England and under English control. The recent destruction of Long Kesh and the ? CO CO I m c/ gt; X -o m O -o r- m z o lt; CD 3 cr CD G gt; CO FOR THE LOW COST GO-WHERE-YOU-WANT FARE TO CALL OR VISIT mm m/A EL SERVICE, INC. 55 WEST 42nd STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10036 PHONE (212) 354-0900 . rish-flmericc President The father of Andrew Jackson, having emigrated from Co. Antrim, settled in an American frontier log-cabin and began farming. Within two years he died, and three days after his death Andrew was born. Mrs. Jackson with her three children moved in with a neighbouring family, and by the time he was nine Andrew had progressed enough at his schooling to be selected to read the newly-adopted Declaration of Independence to his assembled neighbours. When only 14 the future President, already a member of the local militia, was captured by a British raiding party. A British officer ordered him to clean his boots and when the young Irish-American refused, he was brutally cut across the face with a slash of the officer's sword. The hand which Jackson threw up to save himself was cut to the bone and for the rest of his life he carried the scars. For the rest of his life, too, he carried an aversion to Britain. The proud independence which was part of his character as a boy remained with Jackson as a man. Slow to forget either a good turn or an injury, he did not forgive what he considered an intrigue against him by Henry Clay during the early part of his political career. When he won the Presidency, then, for the second time on November 7, 1832, the fact that Clay was his defeated opponent made his victory all the sweeter. dumping, were putting off thousands of visitors to Ireland and stopping others from coming again. He said that Ireland was lucky it did not have dramatic outbreaks of disease like other countries and said the only solution to the problem, which was a community one, was a major national drive to create awareness of the problem and combat it. The seminar, organised by the Western Health Board and which was attended by hoteliers, guesthouse owners and caterers, was told that little if any progress had been made in the critical areas of hygiene. Said Mr. Gorman: 'There is evidence to indicate that low hygiene standards are a major barrier to the fullest development of our tourism. In terms of lost 'word of mouth' business our dirt may be losing us tens of thousands of tourists each year. Bord Failte is involved in hotel hygiene in a very basic way. We claim that all approved hotels are clean and comfortable. By so doing we commit ourselves to hygiene standards, not only in those parts of the hotel seen by the tourist, but also in the staff J areas. We cannot allow the visitor to be Certainly, where Italy is concerned, mussels often bring to mind last year's cholera outbreak. The price paid both in the long and short term in tourism in cases like these far exceeds the cost of adequate preventative measures. That we in Ireland have not had such dramatic instances in no way reflects our attitudes to hygiene. It can be put down to a combination of luck and a climate which does not always provide the best conditions for the spread of bacteria. In those months when resorts carry many times their normal winter population and water runs low in the reservoirs, we may often be on the edge of an outbreak of major proportions, Mr. Gorman said. O'CONNOR INSURANCE CHICAGO For At Kinds Of Insurance 848-3753 MIKE O'CONNOR Native of Roscommon IRISH RADIO BROADCAST Sundays and Fridays .A. 9:30 p.m. ION AM DIAL Send Your Friends An Irish Gift They Will Enjoy Every Week PLEASE SEND THE IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER FOR ONE YEAR TO: .NAME m WTO , THIS IS A GIFT FROM: m IDDRGiS HP FOR n. K YEAR STOIPTIOX: /inclosed please J ind - 8.00 for U S. maMni - 10.00 for Canada mailing 12.00 for mail to all other countries. CW ALONG DOTTED LINE - mail to : THE IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER 2705 BAINBRIDGE AVE. SUITE 32 BRONX, N.Y. 10458 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 77b4b8bcf..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Twenty-Five Cents 12.00 per year people U.S.P.S. 070-77t 3 rt ma of mm mmueaiusM M AMSMCA Volume XI Number 12 March 27, 1982 ILIIMiEl ENDS VISIT The whirlwind American tour won by newly elected Free State head Charles Haughey along with the election from Garret FitzGerald concluded last week amidst mixed reviews. New York The tour began in New York with a visit to the Economic Club, comprising prestigious corporate executives and businessmen. Here Haughey's appeal was for American investment into the Free State economy. Haughey asserted that the economy was on sound basis and nearing the end of recession. However, as Haughey spoke, the Punt or Irish Free State pound, fell under the o; and fifty cent mark. Haughey was questioned about the north and here in a statement which dramatically contrasted with his public utterances during his prior term in office, asserted that the principal obstacle in the north was the British guarantee to Loyalists... We will have no progress until that is removed. Haughey also announced that he believed that the Free State would soon become an exporter of oil After the address, Haughey visited St. Agnes Church on 43rd St., the site of the apartment building where Haughey's predecessor, Eamon de Valera, was baptized. Washington The newly re-elected Free State head then journeyed to Washington, DC. He attended a White House luncheon with several Congressmen, Secretary Charles Haughey of State Alexander Haig, and celebrities, including Maureen O'Hara. Haughey was called upon to make an exchange of toasts. Instead, he spoke at length, stating: There is much to be done. And the first thing is that Britain be encouraged to seek more positively and more actively a change in attitude and outlook which would pave the way for unity and so enable her final withdrawal from Ireland to take place with honor and dignity. Reagan President Reagan later asserted that the United States would not become involved in influencing Vritish policy in Ireland. This reaction was praised both by Margaret Thatcher and Ian Paisley's deputy Peter Robinson. Haughey's position varied dramatically from his rhetoric during his first administration, wherein his visits to America were marked by attacks upon Irish-American opposition to British rule. The remarks generated for Haughey widespread publicity in Ireland, where Haughey holds a tenuous majority that may bring a new election within the year and in which Haughey is expected to campaign by assuming a mantle of Irish nationalism while maintaining collaboration with the British. A member of the Ulster Defense Association convicted for the assassination in Larne in 1980 of Irish Independence Party co-founder, Protestant John Turnly, claimed in a Belfast court at the conclusion ofthe trial that he had been working for the British Army's SAS squad. Twenty-seven year old Ro- they were all members of the bert McConnell named uio two SAS soldiers whom he claimed supplied him with information and with weapons for the killing and who had discussions with him on Miriam Daly, Bernadette McAliskey and John Turnly, all of whom were shot by the UDA in 1980 and 1981 in attacks claimed under the cover- name, the Ulster Freedom Fighters. In his statement McConnell said that in or around the month of April 1980,1 was working as a fish salesman in the Larne area. I was stopped one day near Cushendall by a van containing a number of men. I became satisfied subsequently that SAS and I had dealings with them on that and a number of subsequent occasions through their leaders who were Sergeant Tom Aiken and Corporal Mc- Gow. He said that at their behest he placed a listening device in a bar in Cushendall, County Antrim, in which Sinn Fein vice- president Gerry Adams was allegedly attending a meeting. He continued: During a series of subsequent meetings with them (the SAS) they discussed with me Republican leaders and in particular Turnly, Miriam Daly and Bernadette McAliskey... Continued on pg. 13 The two hundred and twentieth St Patrick's Day Parade in New York, despite a chilling rain, attracted more than one hundred and ninety bands and tens of thousands of marchers. A dramatic escalation of Irish patriotism in this year's parade was a highlight of the day, led by an Irish Northern Aid contingent nearly one thousand strong. This contingent included Sean Sands, whose deceased brother Bobby Sands, MP, was unanimously named Honorary Grand Marshal by the Parade Committee. (See story page 10) - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ed6cd8a5c..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -i Sean Sands, brother of the Honorary Grand Marshal, the late Bobby Sands, being interviewed during the parade. mTif N.Y. St. Patrick's Day Parade (Cont'd from pg. 1) INA The Irish Northern Aid contingent stretched some three blocks long and included a number of non-Irish participants. Members bore banners for Irish Northern Aid, Smash H-Block and England Out of Ireland . An honor guard of twenty-two members drawn from the Mid-Manhattan Unit marched in the shape of an H . While the ten deceased hunger strikers were memorialized by ten crosses, each borne by an INA member wearing a tri-colored sash inscribed with one ofthe martyr's names, several New York City policemen saluted the contingent as it passed along the way to 86th Street Media The contingent drew a great deal of media coverage. Both Sean Sands and Irish Northern Aid Trustee Michael Flannery were interviewed on New York television and the parade contingent was shown on all television networks. Such coverage brought the strong nationalist current beyond the parade itself into millions of homes. Counties Meanwhile, the renewed Irish nationalism was evident in other groups as well. Patrick Mullan, honorary Grand Marshal from Brooklyn and a noted member of the Ancient Order of Hibernians, United Brooklyn Irish, and Irish Northern Aid, was named an Aide to the Grand Marshal. Mr. Mullan has been accused of attempting to obtain arms to assist the Irish Republican Army in its struggle to end British rule in the north of Ireland. A number of County Societies bore England Out of Ireland banners and the badges and insignia worn by individual marchers and observers displayed the renewed feelings of Irish patriotism still flowing from the hunger strike. (A bove) Members ofthe Noraid Honor Guard and' Michael Flannery (below) being interviewed by CBS's Vic Miles. Maetsja - - Sunnyside Unit - INA Presents Rock Against Thatcher 'Tank Against Taisley Sunday, March 28th 9pm to 1 am HOURS OF GLORY At The Fields 48th Ave. 47th St., Woodside, Queens Music By: Street Urchins, The Rapid, The Perssuaders //// Drinks 57,00 ...Alt Night Donation 5.00 An Evening Not To Be Missed' For Info. Call: (212)461-9685/(212)779-6917 Tyrone Football Club Annual Dinner Dance And Presentation of 1980-'81 Medals (Senior Football Championship Medals) At The Astorian Manor 25-22 Astoria Boulevard, Astoria, New York On Friday Evening, April 2, 1982 Cocktail Hour 8-9 Dinner-Dancing 9-1 Guest of Honor...Patrick J. Clarke Music By: John Morrison His Band Donation: 27.50 EACH Peter Rafferty. Journal Chairman, Jim Gourley. Co-Chairman ..Mich i Setemey. General Chairman Make checks payable and mail to: Mike Delaney. 3054 Kingsbridge Ave. Bronx, NY 10463 Joe 'Banjo' Burke's Double Recording of Patriotic/Sporting Songs Now available in 80-minute cassettes at local Irish stores and pubs. OR BY MAIL for a limited time only at 10.00 each. Mail this form with check or money order to: Silver Spear Recordings 3081 Villa Avenue Bronx, New York 10468 Send in i order to: N.-.nv. Add res - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c5dd3d394..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -*., EritOi You are now ready to make a classic entry into, the Irish language, by way of an important verb: Ta(taw*). Ta serves to tell where something is or what its condition is, and therefore it has some ofthe functions of English is . For the (i) sound, put the front part of your tongue up along the top of your mouth, with the tip against the upper front teeth and almost- but not quite- protruding between the teeth. Pronounce the (t) sound a few times. If you extend the tongue too far between the teeth, you will say the (th), a sound which Irish does not have. For the (aw*) sound, say the word tof' but start the word with the Irish (t) you have just learned Repeat several times, then drop the final t*' and lengthen the (aw*) sound. As a check, try making the (aw*) sound in another way: say English awful several times slowly, and notice that your lips are pushed far out Try the word with your lips, held in closer and more rounded. You may recognize the sound as the way some Irish pronounce awful . Now learn these words, referring back to Lesson 1 pronunciation guide as necessary. ta se (TAW* shay*) he is, it is Practice on these: deil (del), dean (day*n), dliis t me (TAW* may*) I am fuar (FOO-uhr) cold m6r (mohr) big te (te) hot 6g (ohg) young sean (shan) old Ian (law*n) full Next learn these sentences, then translate them. Form a mental picture for each: Tase'fuar. Ta'me'mo'r. Talsfog. T se lim. Ta'se'te. Ta sfsean. Learn these new words thoroughly: fear (far) man, a man cat (kaht) cat, a cat bean (ban), woman, a woman caihn (kah-leen), girl, a girl bord (bohrd), table, a table bosca (BOHSK-uh), box, a box sr lt;ud (sra*d) street a street agus (AH-guhs) and laidir (LAW*-dir) strong ard (ahrd) high, tall gairid (GAH-rid) short anseo (un- SHUH) here ansin (un-SHIN) there fada (FAH-duh) long fseal (EE-shuhl) low, short tanai (TAH-nee) thin ramhar (ROU-wuhr) fat cam (koum) crooked We can substitute these into the basic sentence Ta se' fuar , he is cold, to make new sentences: Ta fear anseo (taw* FAR un-SHUH). A man is here. TaSean anseo (taw* SHAW*N un-SHUH). John is here. TjTbean agus fear ansin (taw* BAN AH-guhs FAR un-SHIN). A woman and man are there. Ta Brid l dir (taw* BREED LAW*-dir) Bridget is strong Tii is irregular, one of only ten or eleven Irish verb.s that are. For the negative of tii , the basic word is nil (neel). Read these: Nil se* m6V (NEEL shay* mor) He is not big. Nil me fuar (NEEL may* FOO-uhr) I am not cold Nil Sean ramhar (neel SHAW*N ROU-wuhr). John is not fat For questioning with t-a , the basic group is an bhfuiT (un VWDL). In the West this may be pronounced (un WIL). Read these: An bhfuil fear ansin? (un vwil FAR un-SHIN) Is a man there? AN bhfuil Nora og? (un vwil NOH ruh ohg) Is Nora young? An bhfuil bosca anseo (un vwil BOHSK- uh un SHUH) Is there a box here? PRONUNCIATION Irish t and d;- every Irish consonant has two different sounds. The one selected depends on what kind of vowel is next to the consonant The vowels a , o , and u are called broad and give the broad sound to the consonants next to them. The slender vowels are e , i , ea , and often ai . You learned how to pronounce broad t above, in the word ta . Pronounce broad d with the front part ofthe tongue in the same position, along the roof of the mouth, with the tongue tip almost protruding between the teeth. Try. dli(daw*), do(doh), dun(doon), drom (drohm), dl(T(dloo), dath (dah). For slender d and t, place the tongue tip, and only the tip, on the hard ridge just behind the upper front teeth. Then pronounce the t or d . (In the West there is a tendency to pronounce these by sliding the. tongue off the ridge, giving sounds closer to ch and j). practice on these: deil (del), dean (day*n), dilis. (DEE-lish), din (din), deacair(DAK-uhr),dlf(dlee), te (te), teann (TAY*uhn) timire (TEEM-i-re), teas (tas). CONVERSATION Read this carefully until you can go from one language to the other quickly, phrase by phrase and sentence by sentence. Do not try to understand the grammar of the words or phrases yet Pay special attention to duit . This is generally pronounced with a (g) sound at the start, and we will do that in this lesson. The lettei u in the word merely tells you that the d or g gets the broad sound The t must get a slender sound Sfamus (SHAY -muhs): Dia duit a Ntira. (DEE-uh git, uh NOH-ruh) Hello, Nora. Nora: Dia's Muire duit, a Sheamais (DE uhs MWIR- uh HAY*mish). Hello, James. Se'amas: Conas ta tu? (KUN-uhs TAW* too) How are you? Nora: T*fmego maith, agus conas ta tiffeln? (TAW* may* goh MAH, AH-guhs KUN-uhs TAW* too fay*n) / am well and how are you? Seamas: Ta me'go maith, leis. (TAW* May* goh MAH, lesh) / am well,' too. H X Pi 2 X hd Pi O r o r bo oo to Irish Sugar Company Has Record Losses The Irish Sugar Company, one of the Free State's largest state-owned companies, has announced losses of 12 million for the year ending last September. This could mean substantial job losses in addition to the threatened closure of the sugar processing plant at Tuam, Co. Galway. The company wants the government to lend it 75 million, but with Aer Lingus, B I, Nitrigin Iiireann, Irish Steel and CIE already in the queue of financially troubled state concerns, the Sugar Company is unlikely to get the sort of money it says it needs. The Tuam factory, which employs 500, was saved from closure last year only by a government subsidy of 2.5 million. The government gave in to considerable pressure from TDs from the West. But now it looks as if the writing is on the wall for Tuam as the set of accounts just issued by the company shows a plant write-off of 1 million at the factory. Also at risk are the factories in Mallow, Middleton, Thurles and Limerick, operated by the company's subsidiary, Erin Foods. At one stage last year, the Sugar Company had debts of 90 million and most of the losses are being incurred in meeting interest charges on these borrowings. There is also every indication that losses this year will be even worse. Program A modernization program has, during the past five years, cost 40 million. The company says another 50 million are required to bring its operations into the eighties . But the company's chairman, James Fitzpatrick, has stated forcefully in his report that there can't continue to be an underwriting of activities for social reasons meaning maintaining jobs because politicians don't want lay-offs in their constituencies. JUDGEMENT RESERVED IN DUBLIN SUPREME COURT'S SECTION 31 HEARING Censorship in the balance B Y DAMIEN O'ROURKE THE Dublin Supreme Court has reserved judgement in the appeal by the Free State government against the decision of the High Court declaring Section 31 of the Broadcasting Act unconstitutional and quashing a bah imposed by the Coalition Minister for Posts and Telegraphs on party political broadcasts on RTE by Sinn Fein. The Supreme Court appeal ended cast would be likely to promote, or on Thursday 4th March after a three- day hearing and it could be some weeks before a ruling is made. Two days before voting in the twenty- six county general election, Mr. Justice O'Hanlon in the High Court, agreed to an application by Sean Lynch, Sinn Fein candidate in Longford/Westmeath to quash the order. He ci i so on the grounds that Section 31 of the Broadcasting Authority Act 1961, as amended by Section 16 of the Broadcasting Authority (Amendment) Act 1976, under which the order was issued, is unconstitutional. Among arguments by the Free State Attorney-General, Peter Sutherland, in the Supreme Court was the contention that Sinn Fein had not challenged in th - lower court the minister's expressed opinion that the party political broad- incite to, crime, or would tend to undermine the authority of the state. In particular the Coalition Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, Patrick Cooney, had expressed the view to the court that Sinn Fein was committed to overthrowing the institutions of the state by force, and this, he said, had not been contested in any way. He pointed out that Sinn Fein was not a registered political party in the twenty-six counties nor would it take any seats in Leinster House as it did not recognise that institution of the state. He argued that the constitution only contained a general guarantee of freedom of speech and did not guarantee anyone the right of access to radio or television.' During the Attorney-General's sub missions one of the Supreme Court judges, Mr. Justice Henchy, raised a technical point as to whether the matter of constitutionality should have been considered by the High Court in the circumstances. On behalf of Sinn Fein's Sean Lynch, Sean MacBride, SC, stated that at no time had the state alleged that Sean Lynch was doing anything illegal nor proposing anything illegal in his election literature or proposed broadcast. He said that the Broadcasting Acts did not come within the category of laws expressed to be for the purpose of securing public safety and the preservation of the state in time of war. Therefore they could not be construed as authorising a minister to deprive a citizen of his constitutional rights to freedom of speech. He added that the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs had not even attempted lt; to find out the contents of the Sinn Fein proposed broadcast before he banned it. He also submitted that Section 31 was unconstitutional on several grounds, including that there was no appeal provided against a ban nor any procedural safeguards of ensuring that the powers under the section were exercised in accordance with the requirements of constitutional justice. Sean McBride said that the order banning the party political broadcast not only involved the constitutional right to freedom of speech but also the right to stand for election, which meant access to the electorate and a right of that electorate to be informed of what the issues were in the election. Two of the Supreme Court judges, Mr. Justice Griffen and Mr. Justice Hederman, referred to the speech of Sinn Fein's Director of Publicity, Danny Morrison, at the party's ard fheis last October in which he referred to a ballot paper in one hand and an Armalite in the other, and they asked what that might mean. Patrick MacEntee, SC, who also appeared for Sinn Fein, told the court that the minister could not have formed the opinion that Sinn Fein was an integral part of the IRA; otherwise steps would have been taken to suppress the organisation. SEAN MacBRIDE 'Section 31 is unconstitutional' - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index d651a40b6..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -00 ON r- lt;N o Sean Mac Diarmada (Mac Dermott) By Proinsias 0 Cuilin Part HI The IRB decided to arm (a la Carson's Ulster Volunteers) and Sean became organizer for the P lt; Irish Volunteers' resources. After W the outbreak of World War I, Sean led the Volunteer efforts 3S to avoid English conscription. 2 After a bitter battle of words, public meetings, and combatting ffi ofRedmondite rowdyism, Sean finally triumphed over the forces -H of conscription and Home Rule. lt;L gt; 60 ca P lt; Anyone who looks for the details of this phenomenal man's operation will be stymied, to say the least Records are scant because MacDiarmada, a walking memory, carried his notes, information and name lists in only one or two small notebooks. Everything else was retained in his remarkable memory. DUBLIN DAYS Such a meticulous man couldn't have operated in a vacuum. When one hears of his exploits in field operations for Sinn Fein and the IRB, one wonders: Did he have a place to work? He had an office in the building occupied by Irish Freedom at 12 D'Olier Street right in the heart of Dublin's newspaper area. This was the third and last office for the paper, the two previous being 7 Sinnott Place and 5 Findlater Place. The moves were for reasons of expansion, plus an increased respectability in all republican circles. He put in a long day (twelve to fourteen hours), and broke to eat only when the work was finished. He performed all of his work from these offices. His friends were necessarily men in the movement especially Frank Fahy and Con Collins. He had quarters in the same building as the latter. Both of these men were, like himself, very versatile and belonged to many organizations. Although he had by this time relieved Tom Clarke of many ofthe executive functions of the IRB, the two remained steadfast friends. And yet he remained socially accessible. He frequented a popular coffee house on Westmoreland Street called Bewleys (Sean abstained from alcohol) and enjoyed chatting with his female companions in politics - he became engaged at this time to Min Ryan. His regular meals were generally eaten out at the Redbank Restaurant on D'Olier Street almost facing the office across the street TO REVOLUTION Sean MacDiarmada was an intriguing politician, totally secretive as to his intentions, plans and the business of insurrection. Not even his closest friends could read him. He projected a real social grace despite all this secrecy, constant surveillance, and investigation by the police and political foes. He was also extremely strong-willed and would either bend an organization to his will or start a new one. This was one reason why Sean moved from constitutional Sinn Fein to the secret revolutionary IRB. He was in almost complete control of the IRB by 1916 and, by manipulation, dominated the group that was to determine the Easter Rising. He was always well-groomed. Mild-mannered, he could also be stirred to vigorous dissent if provoked. GERMAN HELP The plans for rebellion began to take shape and form as the Great War dawned in 1914. Over in New York, contact had been made with some famous German figures of history: Franz von Papen and Count von Bern- storff, both emissaries of their government Ireland would need arms, and Germany was happy to comply as long as these activ- ities would bedevil England. The shipment of weapons that the Irish Volunteers received in 1914 in Howth, near Dublin, wa-Uo be used during the Rising. Sean MacDiarmada received the shipment and supervised their collection. The collection was briefly interrupted by English troops but Eamonn Ceannt in charge of a guard party, opened fire and engaged the force. These prepare for a rising. Redmond and his followers were for conscription. Sean, by adept politicking and not a little force, succeeded in eliminating the Redmondite sympathizers from the IRB. In doing so, he removed many old friends and comrades, making a few enemies in the process. By now, he was in total control of the weapons were all sequestered with the aid of Joseph Plunkett, Patrick Pearse and the indefatigable Fahy. THE REDMONDITES The march of events quickened with the IRB/Redmondite conflict over the status of the Irish Volunteers. John Redmond, trying to control the group, was aided in the attempt by Eoin MacNeill and Bulmer Hobson, both founders ofthe Volunteers, and opponents of an immediate rising. The militants under Sean wanted the Irish Volunteers to continue resistance to conscription for the English army and to IRB operation through the length and breadth of Ireland. He controlled all IRB organizations within and without Dublin. Money was being received weekly from America through Clan Na Gael of New York. These funds were carried aboard ship by an IRB agent who delivered them to Sean MacDiarmada at his Irish Freedom office. He had intimate knowledge of every dollar, pound or shilling spent or received for the movement At 12 D'Olier Street he was accessible to the IRB, journalists, agents Volunteers or intellectuals. If he was needed at a public speaking engagement he was available. He sat on the newly-created Military Council of the IRB as political adviser. Nothing of national value or significance to the creation of the Republic eluded this business-like revolutionary. He was a pure professional. TOWARDS 1916 The following year and early 1916 were tense periods for the IRB. Events were moving staccato, one after another with irreversible momentum. There were three main events now, in the life of Sean MacDiarmada and the revolutionaries. He accompanied one of his proteges, Liam Mellows, who sponsored an Easter Week Rising in Galway in conjunction with the principal action in Dublin, to County Galway, where an anti-conscription rally was held outdoors. The other scheduled speakers were fearful ofthe police, who watched and waited for every word or movement. Sean became heated. He mounted a brake and condemned conscription in unremitting terms. It must in all fairness be stated that pressure was getting to everyone involved in the coming insurrection. And Sean was above all human. He was arrested, remanded, tried and convicted before a Dublin military court, then sentenced to six months imprisonment. This was later remitted to four months, but he was released after two months. The organization was momentarily stunned, then fearful Yet his organization never suffered. It is a tribute to this man that his organizing finesse left men to fill the gap opened by his imprisonment Diarmuid Lynch of Cork took over the temporary organizing chores. He and Sean's other confidants remained in close contact with him while he was imprisoned in Dublin. To be continued) Irish Names O Brollachain (O'Brallaghan, O'Brollaghan, O'Brollachan, Bradley) This family's name is an interesting one because of the revealing lesson evident from the widespread change to an entirely different version, in addition to the usual anglicization under misleading spelling conventions. In addition to this, the family differs from others through its establishment of a flourishing branch at a distant location in Ireland. The ancient genealogies of the Heremon line in Ireland trace the family in Tir Eoghain (Tyrone) from a man named Brollach , in the line of succession of the O Fahy family, which was descended from a brother of an O Neill chief who lived around 500 AD. The origin ofthe personal name Brollach is not certain. It is true that the word means breast but this may not have been significant to the original bearer of the name, any more than a present-day Una would be expected to have a sheepish look. The O Brollachain family was a branch of the Cineal Eoghain in Tyrone, but in later days a number of the family moved to Cork, where they are now listed as Bradleys. The family included many distinguished persons in the 11 th and 12th centuries. For example, Maolbhride O Brollachain was a famous builder in the latter 10th and early 11th century. One son, Aodh, was a professor, and another the bijshop of Cill Dara(Kildare). Donall O Brollachain, who died in 1202, was the abbot of Derry, and Flaich- bheartach 6 Brollachain, who died in 1175, rebuilt the cathedral at Derry in 1164, getting it into good condition for the Norman aggressors and plunderers who were to appear in a few years. Although 0 Dubhagalns valuable 14th-century work, in part on Irish families, did not mention the O Brollachain family, the Annals ofthe Four Masters (early 17th century) did, and Donegal records in 1659 carried many O'Brollaghan listings for northwest Ulster. The family suffered heavily from land theft and oppression at the hands ofthe English and English-imported plunderers in the 17th century, and it was then and later that the- remarkable change in name occurred. In ordinary medium-quality anglicization of the name, the spelling would become O'Brot achan , complete with illogical apostrophe, illogical because it signifies no omission of letter or sound. Later anglicization made the usual error of replacing ach , pronounced as a modern German would, with the poorly- chosen and erroneous agh , giving O'Brallaghan , in which the first a is an attempt to represent Irish pronunciation for the o in Brollachain . The O'Brallaghan form is most common in Deny. Today's American reader will tend to neglect the gh and say oh brall-uh- han , a poor imitation of the true name. Many of the family did not retain even this much, however. Instead, they took or usually were given the English name Bradley , a name that English bailiffs, land courts, and officials thought was close enough to the original and would help civilize the wilde Irish sept. The result is that today probably most of the Bradleys in Treland are actually heirs to the name O Brollachain , and live in Derry, Tyrone, Donegal and Cork. English Bradleys are few in number and easily indentifiable in Ireland, so confusion in tracing lineage by the Irish Bradley should be insignificant Let each hope that the name will be restored, so that O Brollachain will be part of a nation once again. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c9fa5c2c0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ - JC Danny Cm ZJQf During the Penal Days, the laws that were in operation debarred Catholics from Parliament, any government office - high or low - from entering the legal profession, and from holding commissions in the armed forces. This was done by enforcing oaths for all these professions which i no Catholic could take - oaths such as the following: I do solemnly and sincerely in the presence of God, profess, testify and declare, that I do believe, that in the sacrament ofthe Lord's Supper there is not any transubstantiation of the elements of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ, at or after the consecration thereof by any person whatsoever and that the invocation, 6r adoration ofthe virgin Mary, or any other saint, and the sacrifice of the Mass, as they are now used in the church of Rome, are superstitious and idolatrous... These oaths practically closed all paths of advancement to Catholics in public life. To encourage among the Anglo-Irish ardor on behalf of the law, the Anglo- Irish Parliament in 1705 passed a resolution that the persecuting of and informing against a Papist is an t honourable service. A Catholic was forbidden to own a horse of greater value than five pounds. Standish O'Grady tells the story of a Catholic gentleman ofthe County Meath, who, having driven four bloodhorses into the assize town, was there held up by a Protestant and tendered twenty pounds for his four valuable horses, whereupon he drew out a pistol and shot the animals dead. Ever after, he drove into town behind six oxen - his mute protest against law . Incidents like this, says O'Grady, aroused and fed the indignation which eventually compelled the annulment of the law. Lecky writes: The influence of the code appeared, indeed, omnipresent It blasted the prospect of the Catholic in all struggles of active Hfe. It cast its shadows over the inmost recesses of his home. It darkened the very last hour of his existence. No Catholic, as I have said, could be guardian to a child; so the dying person knew that his children must past under the tutelage of Protestants. However, the Protestant Ascendancy could not feel safe while Catholics owned any sizeable proportion of landed property. Even after the confiscations following the Williamite victory, Catholics still retained about 14 ofthe land A system was devised, by acts passed in 1704 and 1709, which made it illegal for Catholics to buy land at all, or to take leases for longer than 31 years, and which at the same time brought so many pressures and prohibitions to bear on Catholic landowners, that by 1778 scarcely 5 of Irish land was in Catholic possession. After Limerick, writes Edmund Burke in his Tracts - that is, after the Irish had, by the faith and honor of the British Crown, been pledged protection in their lives, liberties, and property - there was not a single right of nature or benefit of society which had not been either totally taken away, or considerably impaired The historian Lecky admits that it was more through rapacity than fanaticism that the English and Anglo-Irish so ferociously oppressed., repressed, and robbed the Irish Catholics of both their moral and material rights. He goes on to say that fear of the conquered people ever again taking rank with their conquerors likewise inspired the persecutions. His words are: It was intended to make them poor and to keep them poor, to crush in them every germ pf enterprise and degrade them into a servile race who could never hope to rise to the level of their oppressor. r 3 mum mm THURSDAY 11th March marks the one hundred and twenty- fifth anniversary of the birth in 1857 of Fenian revolutionary Thomas J. Clarke, the first signatory of the 1916 Proclamation. Thomas Clarke, was born in Hurst Castle on the Isle-of-Wight, where his father was stationed as a sergeant in the British army. Both his parents were Irish. Shortly after his birth the family emigrated to South Africa, where they spent eight years, before returning to settle in Dungannon, County Tyrone in 1865. At the age of sixteen, Clarke and another youth formed a nationalist club in the town, out of which an Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) circle was formed. In 1880 he emigrated to the United States and joined Clan na Gael, the American wing ofthe IRB. BOMBING Three years later Thomas Clarke recrossed the Atlantic, this time to England, as part of a Clan na Gael bombing team. Under the alias of 'Henry Wilson' he operated in Liverpool, Birmingham and London in the dynamite campaign against public buildings and railway stations. But, after only a short time in England, Clarke was arrested, stood trial at the Old Bailey charged with treason-felony, and in June 1883, at the age of twenty-six, was sentenced to penal servitude for life. For the next fifteen and a half years he was imprisoned, mainly in Chatham prison, under conditions of deliberate horror, designed, sometimes successfully, to destroy the sanity of the 'special' Irish prisoners. His account of this period was afterwards recorded in a series of articles in the newspaper 'Irish Freedom' and later expanded into a booklet entitled 'Glimpses of an Irish Felon's Prison Life' one of the classics of Irish republican prison history. In September 1898, Thomas Clarke was freed and returned to Ireland, but the following year again returned to the United States, where he married Kathleen Daly, and continued his activities in Clan na Gael. In 1903, the first issue of a weekly newspaper, the 'Gaelic American', appeared with John Devoy as editor and Thomas Clarke as assistant editor and manager. It became an influential and widely- read journal. RE-ORGANISATION In 1907, Thomas Clarke returned to Ireland and set up a tobacconist and newsagent's shop at 75a Great Britain Street (now Parnell Street), which became a centre of nationalist activity. Clarke set about the reorganisation of the IRB, and in 1910, with Sean MacDiarmada as manager, he published 'Irish Freedom', a militant newspaper which advocated the use of physical force to win freedom for Ireland. In July 1911, Clarke organised the first national pilgrimage to the grave of Wolfe Tone in Bodenstown, County Kildare. Three years later, on June 21st 1914, he delivered the oration there himself and, a man of few words, confined himself to a warning that the time for speech- making had passed and that the urgent need was for drilling and training in the use of arms. In September 1914, after the 'Great War' had begun, Clarke and the other members of the IRB's Supreme Council took a formal decision to organise an insurrection in Ireland before the war ended. A year later Clarke became a member of the IRB's Military Council set up to plan that undertaking. RISING The culmination of the IRB's plans, and of the role of Thomas Clarke as the link between the Fenians and the Irish Republican Army, came at Easter 1916. Clarke, because of his recognised historic role, was given the honour of being the first signatory to the proclamation declaring the Irish Republic. During the Easter Rising he fought in the GPO, and, after the surrender, he was court-martialled on May 2nd and sentenced to death. The following day, May 3rd 1916, . with Padraig Pearse and Thomas MacDonagh, he was shot in Kilmainham jail. On Irisii Will Hold A Live Ceili Every Saturday 9: .M. At The 00 H X m i 2 GO X tn O 5 to OO to 326 West 48th Street New York City Regular Feature Artists: Bryan Conway, John Fitzpatrick Maureen Fitzpatrick, Steve Johnson Michael McQuaid Guest Musicians: 3/27/82 Tom Doherty, Maureen Doherty Bernadette Fee, Eileen Clohessy Jim Mahon Donation 4.00 For Information Call: (212)581-5352 Shannon Dublin Lowest Rates in Ireland Unlimited Mileage January 31st- April 30th 120.00 120.00 130.00 130.00 140.00 140.00 165.00 300.00 380.00 For Instant Reservation and Free Brochure Call JIM MAUNSELL U.S. Representative 45 Martin Street, MedforcLMass. 02155 Tel: 396-2021 Phone Limerick: 06253103 Ford Fiesta Fiat 127 Toyota Starlet Ford Escort Toyota (4 Door) Escort (4 Door) Escort (Automatic) Minibus 4-Berth. Camper (Cont'd from pg. 1) O ;/,.... r-') tmMFmmm connection During this period, weapons, uniforms and information on how to obtain intelligence-gathering equipment was supplied by Sergeant Aiken, who would contact me by telephone and arrange for me to pick up various items in lonely roads at the dead of night. UDR McConnell, his brother Eric, and William McClelland were given life imprisonment for the Turnly killing and for killing Rodney McCormick, a Catholic, who was shot dead in front of his wife in Larne in August 1980. A number of other UDA men were given lenient sentences for their parts in various sectarian attacks. One of these men, 26-year-old Matthew Martin, was a sergeant in the UDR, the British army's regiment for Loyalists, when he bombed a Catholic school in Ballyclare and petrol bombed a house. He received a mere five years' imprisonment after a 'plea for mercy' was made by a former Moderator of the Presbyterian church, the Very Rev. Victor Lynas. Despite a long and bloody record of sectarian bombings, North and South, and their involvement in the assassinations of hundreds of Catholics, the UDA remains an open, legal organization in the six counties. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 4df40da1f..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Greenwood Lake w Ok o w GO s w a Ou Waiting for Beckett Actor-director-playwright Jim Sheridan, ofthe Abbey Theatre and the Project Arts Centre in Dublin, will appear at the Irish Rebel Theatre for a limited engagement the last weekend in March. Mr. Sheridan will perform his original one-man show, Waiting for Beckett, adapted from the writings of Samuel Beckett. Jim Sheridan was only a few years out of college when his promising work at The Abbey Theatre led to his joining the Project Arts Centre as Theatre Director in 1976 and to his election as Chairman in 1977. The Project Arts Centre is well known and sometimes notorious in Ireland for its quality and daring In 1977, Yeats' On Baile's Strand and Purgatory, one of the many Project Arts Centre productions under Jim Sheridan's direction, was taken as Ireland's entry to the Edinburgh Festival. Mr. Sheridan organized and managed the Project Theatre Company for its American tour of Waiting for Godot in 1980. He also founded T. Company, a Dublin children's and street theatre group, directed Sean O'Caseys Within the Gates at the Lyric Theatre in Belfast, and in 1980 returned to the Abbey to direct The Blue Macushla by Tom Murphy. Jim Sheridan is the author of Waiting for Beckett, The Happy-Go-Likeable Man, Mobile Homes, Where All Your Dreams Come True, The Halfpenny Place, and Inner City - Outer Space. In 1973, he received the Macaulay Fellowship in Drama from the Arts Council of Ireland, which had been awarded only once previously: to Brian Friel in 1963. Performances of Waiting for Beckett will be held at the Irish Rebel Theatre of An Claideamh Soluis/The Irish Arts Center, 553 West 51st Street, on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday, March 25th, 26th, and 27th at 8:00 p.m., and on Sunday, March 28th at 3:00 p.m. Tickets are 5; TDF vouchers accepted. For reservations and information, call (212) 757-3318 between 1 and 5 p.m. weekdays. Irish Rebel Theater The Irish Rebel Theater's second production in 1982 will be the American premiere of Bernard FarrclPs comedy, I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell. Performances will begin Thursday, April 8th, and run through Sunday, April 25 th. I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell takes a satirical look at that phenomenon of western society, the group encounter session. Mr. Farrell's comedic style of dialogue in this play has entertained audiences throughout Ireland since Its world premiere at The Peacock Theatre in Dublin in In baseball, you get three strikes, then you're out. Since this is the State Legislature, we've decided to spare the Governor from missing a third successive term. It's our ball and we're waiting for the next governor. Assemblywoman Florence Sullivan (R-C, Bay Ridge, Sunset Park) said today that she is postponing her campaign to create a permanent day to honor the memory of Commodore John Barry, founder of the American Navy and one of America's first Irish-American patriots. Since the Commodore was a Navy man, we think he will understand that we are sailing a different tack, Sullivan said. On March 3rd, the State Assembly passed our resolution asking the Governor to declare September 13, 1982 as 'John 1979. Variety called it the best full- length play by a new Irish playwright in a long time, and the Irish Times was quoted as saying a devastating lampoon of one ofthe modern western world's most chic vogues. Bernard Farrell's dramatic career began in 1975 when his one-act play Goodbye Smiler, It's Been Nice was presented at the Lantern Theatre in Dublin. This was followed by I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell, Legs Eleven, Canaries, and All in Favour Say No, all at The John Barry Barry Day'. Next year, we'll ask a new governor to sign our bill making that date a state observance as a permanent thing. Governor Hugh Carey, bless his Irish heart, won't get a third chance to veto legislation supported by every Irish-American organization in New York State and possibly the nation, Sullivan declared. State Senator Hugh Farley of Schenectady is Senate sponsor of the resolution along with Senator Chris Mega of Brooklyn. Born in Wexford, Ireland, John Barry was one ofthe new nation's first patriots. His commission as Captain ofthe frigate United States was the very first naval commission in the USA. The Irish-American Revolutionary War hero is regarded as the founder of the US Navy. Our country has heroes, but 1 Abbey. His television adaption of Legs Eleven is scheduled for its premiere on Irish television later this month. Performances of I Do Not Like Thee, Dr. Fell are scheduled for Thursday through Saturday evenings at 8:00 p.m and Sunday afternoons at 3:00 p.m., April 8th through the 25 th. At the Irish Arts Center, 553 West 51 st Street, in Manhattan. Tickets are 5 and TDF vouchers will be accepted. For reservations and information, call the Irish Arts Center at 757-3318. today Commodore Barry is not yet accorded the place that he deserves in the creation of our nation. He should have a niche alongside the Hamiltons, Jones', Washingtons and Franklins, Assemblywoman Sullivan said. Brooklyn's John Barry Club is named for the Revolutionary War hero. Answers to Last Week's Puzzle Brooklyn Unit INA Social At The Hibernian Hall 4621 Avenue D Saturday, April 3rd From 8:50 p.jW. till ? For Info. Call: 833-8854/945-6044 I r The KESHCARRIGAN Bookshop 90 West Broadway (at Chambers Street) New York, NY 10007 Hours: 11-6 Tel.: 962-4237 IRISH BOOKS NEW OUT OF PRINT I I IRISH RECORDS 5 minute walk from Work' rradc Center and Cilj Hall W-M MM MM MM MM MM MM MM* MM MM wJ The Greenwood Lake Gaelic Cultural Society will present the Paddy Noonan Irish Show at 8 p.m. on Saturday, April 3rd at Middletown Junior High School in Middletown, New York. The proceeds will benefit Project Children . The show's stars include Hal Roach, Mary Hegarty, the Paddy Noonan Band, and the talented tenor, Louis Browne. Project Children is a six- year-old program that provides Catholic and Protestant children from war-torn northeast Ireland with a summer vacation spent free from strife, in the New York area. Since 1975, over 700 children have bene fitted from this program. While here, the children enjoy what we regard as the normal delights of childhood. More importantly, they see people of varying backgrounds living together in peace. Those who wish to brighten a child's summer (and enjoy the outstanding Louis Browne while doing so) can call 914-477- 3472 or 2781 for tickets ( 9; 7.50 for students and senior citizens). Additional information can be obtained by writing Project Children , Box 933L, Greenwood Lake, NY 10925. Please make checks payable to Project Children . Irish American Labor Coalition Open Forum Brodie Mountain Ski Resort Rte. 7, New Ashford, Massachusetts Friday, April 16th at 8:00 P.M. Subject Peace With Justice In The North Of Ireland Guest Speakers: Fr. Maurice Burke, S.M.A. Michael J. Cummings, Paul Murray, Mike Maye Tor Information Call: Helen Mitchell (413)243-2994 Brigid M. Tarjick (413)499-4681 IRISH NORTHERN AID New Schedule For New York Demonstrations 3:00 - 5:00 p.m. Weekends 5:00 - 6:30 p.m. Daily Senator Flynn Sen. John E. Flynn of Yon- kers, chairman of the Senate Standing Committee on Cities and the City of New York, is the new president ofthe New York State Irish American Legislators Society. The eight-term senator was installed by Senate Majority Leader Warren Anderson at the Society's annual St. Patrick's Day dinner in Albany on March 15 th. Other officers are Assemblyman Richard Keane of Buffalo, vice president; Sen. Howard C. Nolan Jr. of Albany, treasurer, and Assemblywoman Florence nllivan of Brooklyn, secretary. Sen. Flynn, a member ofthe society since its inception, has sponsored legislation providing courses in Irish cultural studies at the State University and funding through local governments for Irish cultural affairs. He is founder ofthe American- Irish Association of Westchester, a member of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick of Westchester and ofthe Ancient Order of Hibernians and was grand marshal of the 1973 Yonkers St Patrick's Day Parade, second largest in the state. Lynn, Massachusetts Unit Irish Northern Aid Traditional Irish Music, Singing Dancing Sunday, Mar. 28th From 4:00-8:30 PM A.O.H. Building 105 Federal St. Lynn, Mass. Special Door Prize, Talent Shoiv at 6:00 PM- Public Welcome - Coffee, Tea, Irish Soda Bread Admission 3.00/Under 16's 1.00 For Further Info. Call: 581-3347 0 Guaranteed Irish Manufacturers - Importers Wholesalers - Retailers of Fine Irish Products 3605 Kingsbridge Avenue (236th St., 1 Block West of Broadway) Bronx, New York, 10463 Telephone (212)884-8239 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2d7531ba8..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -1 llVf*. -J TEMPORARILY FREEDOM FIGHTERS 4 Q ff dark green shirt with white lettering FOR IRELAND 2 IRA - ALL THE WA Y white shirt, green design white shirt with green design 5 jtf OUR TIME - 3 IRISH-AMERICANS - IRELAND UNITED Colors- white or grey THE FENIAN TRADITION green shirt, white and orange design tan shirt, green and brown design -All T- shirts are American made ofthe finest materials FILMS f BOBBY SANDS white, grey, red 6 IRISH REPUBLICAN MARTYRS 14.00 Sweatshirts (adult sizes) 7.50 T-Shirts (adult sizes) 6.50 T-Shirts (children's sizes) For Rent Sale Peter Farley 15 Vailsburg Terrace Newark NJ 07106 POSTERS Hunger Strike Memorial Set includes 11 hunger strike campaign posters 10.00 postage included RECORDS TAPES Kathleen Largey Thompson ai ThePrice e A2 Legion c ear Guard 7.50 each SINGLES 2.50 each 51 BOBBY SANDS Irish Connection 52 IRELAND MUST BE FREE STEEL TIPS BUMPER STICKERS 1 IRELAND UNITED 2 PUT IT BACK THIEF BOBBY SANDS - FREE AT LAST 4 FREE IRELAND NOW 5 REUNITE IRELAND I 50 iO o)b) WS ST. PATRICK'S DAY POSTER ' A four-color poster commemorating the many tributes paid to Irish hunger strikers in cities across the United States. 1.50 Includes postage and handling. ORDER FORM F -SHIRTS Quantity JsJo. SWEATSHIRTS Size Color Price Amount POSTERS Please send EH sets of Hunger Strike Posters. CALENDAR Quantity Price Name Mail Order Only Address BUMPER STICKERS Please send EJ LH El RECORDS Quantity No. . Price Zip ENCLOSE CHECK OR MONEY ORDER AND MAIL TO r Irish Northern Aid 4951 Broadway, New York. NY 10034 (212)567-3604 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index db1ba3bc6..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ --J O w CO s f lt; w Oh Gaelic Games: National Football League quarter-finals Kerry put on pressure to relieve boredom KERRY 1-11 DERRY 0-5 IF SOME smart sponsor were to put up an award for the worst match of the year' the second quarter-final of the National Football League between Kerry and Derry at Croke Park yesterday would (be a strong (or is it weak?) contender to carry off the prize. It was a doleful affair, unrelieved by any feature approaching entertainment for 5,325 spectators until the last five minutes, when Kerry skipped through the Derry defence to score six sparkling points from play. Before that shocking deviation from the norm, which must have been due to a collective brainstorm, there was solid ground for suspicion that the All-Ireland champions had been hijacked on the way to Dublin and replaced in the famous green and gold by a team of novices. One can only assume that Kerry, with a (ar bigger prize in the offing, are not prepared to break their necks or burst their guts to win the National League. It the last five minutes are excepted, it was almost by default that they won yesterday and now they arc through to a semifinal meeting with Armagh, at Croke i'.uk on April 11th. DERRY'S LAPSE For more than thrccquartcrs of the hour, the game was there for the taking by Derry but, while the Ulster side was pretty strong in defence and not lacking in industry around midfield, they were short of ideas and power in attack, where only Mickey Lynch and, for a period of about 21) minutes, s ubstitutc Lug e n c Y o u n g threatened to take advantage of a weakness in the Kerry hall-back line. There was no weakness at right- half, however, for Paud O'Shea was one of the few Kerry players to perforin adequately and it was he who opened up the road to victory with two fine points from dead-ball kicks, a 50 and a 55-yards free, in the 10th and 11th minutes of the second half. Those scores regained a lead which Kerry had lost six minutes before the interval. If this game is to be remembered in days to come it will be for one happening the return of Pat Spillane to the Kerry team for the first time since his token appearance at the close of the All- Ireland final last September. Spillane replaced Ambrose O'Donovan eight minutes from the end and sprinted around as if his left knee had never been damaged. His possession of the ball was minimal, however, but he left an imprint on the event with a typical curling point from the right corner just on the call of time. Kerry lined out with 10 of their All-Ireland team, the missing men being John O'Keeffe, who was released to be with the St Brendan's (Killarney) team in the Munster colleges' final; Paud Lynch, Denis Moran, Mike Sheehy and John Egan. Vincent O'Connor, though not overworked, deputised most capably for O'Keeffe in the full-back position and John L. McElligott again played well enough at right- half forward to keep the selectors wondering what they will do about him when championship time comes around. Jim Denihan was called up to play at right-full but was clearly hampered by his hamstring injury ami the midfielder. Jack O'Shea, though he played with more heart than most of his colleagues, was also slowed down bv the let: injurv he sustained in the tinal ot the Railway Cup. CLOSE MARKING Ger Power, who had been having a lean time of late, flourished as a forager and carrier when he moved from the right corner to left half forward in the second half and Eoin Liston won a great deal of possession, both at full-forward and centre forward, but had several scoring attempts blocked down by the alert Derry backs. Close marking was a feature of Derry's defensive play and was largely responsible for Kerry's failure to score from play between the third and 48th minutes. John Sommers had a good game in goal, his saves including two McElligott shots from point-blank range. The Trainor brothers and Terry Moore formed a vigilant full back line, while Gerry O'Loughlin and Frankie Johnston, who swapped wings in the half back line, played very effectively until the final quarter of an hour. Mick Berryman, who replaced James McGuckian at centre half after the interval, also played quite well for a while, but, towards the end, the whole Derry defence caved in as Kerry, at last, released their latent scoring power. Liston scored Kerry's goal in the third minute when he moved through two defenders like a skier racing through two of those posts on a slalom run. Tommy Doyle, from a free, put them 1-1 to 0-1 in front in the 11th minute and then Derry took up the running to level the scores, 1-1 to 0-4, at half time. Lynch, Damien Barton, Colm McKee, with a kick as high as a tower, and Young were Derry's first-half scorers. Kerry's passes landed in Derry hands so often in the first half that one wondered if most of the side were afflicted by colour blindness. Derry scored only once in the second half, a point in the 43rd minute from Eugene Donnelly. Paud O'Shea, as stated, set Kerry off with his big kicks from long range and Power scored from play in the 48th minute. That was followed by a Tommy Doyle point from a free, after which McElligott (2), Liston, Power, Tommy Doyle and Pat Spillane knocked half a dozen over tne oar io complete a iorget- table game. Tailpiece: The small crowd got poor value for their money from the double bill (the admission pnee to the Hogan Stand was 4) and they could not be bbmed for complaining that the public address system was not used to inform them of the changes in Kerry's line- out and the identity of substitutes during the course of the game. KERRY: C Nelligan: J Dcnlhan, V O'Connor, M Spillane; P O'Shea (0-2, ont 50, one free), T Kennellv, G Lvnch; J O'Shea, S Walsh; J L McElligott (0-'2), T SpUlane, T Doyle (0-3, one free); G Power (0-2), E Liston (1-1), J Doyle. Subs A O'Donovan for J Doyle (hair time); P Spillane (0-1) for O'Donovan (52 mins). DERRY: J Somcrs; T Moore, F Trainor. B Trainor; F Johnston. J McGuckian, G O'Loughlm. J trwin, D Barton (0-1); E Donnelly (0-1), M Lynch (0-1) F McCloskey; C McKee (0-1). P Dougan. B O'Neill Subs E Young (0-1) for Dougan (20 mins); M Berryman for McGuckian (half time); B Kelly for MtX'loskev (53 nuns). Referee: J Gunning (Offaly). Offaly's Matt Connor gets in his kick at goal despite the close marking of Mark Turley of Down in yesterday's National Football League Quarter-final at Croke Park. Photograph: Tom Lawlor GAA IN BRIEF NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE Quarter-finals Offaly 1-9, Down 0-12; Kerry 1-11. Derry 0-5. NATIONAL HURLING LEAGUE Division Two Wicklow 1-H. Mayo 0-4; Kildare 4-12. Armagh 2-12; Meath 4-12, Roscommon 2-2. Down's top ks HI b DOWN 0-12; OFFALY 1-9 GREG BI ANEY. Down's stylish centre forward contributed half of his team's score in their drawn match with Offaly in the National Football League quarter-final at Croke Park yesterday, but it will be his extraordinary failures which will be remembered. He drove the ball wildly wide of an open goal in the first half and then was badly short with a free kick which would have decided the match just before the end But, if Down were prodigal with their chances, Offaly were even worse and their total of Id wides in the course of the match is a sad reflection on their players and their failure to master the most basic skill of the game. Yet, it was the quick eye and sharp reflexes of Matt Connor which gave them the goal which kepi them in control of Tor most ol the match. Connor was in like a whippet after John Guinan's target at last moment angled pass in the sixth minute to deflect the ball past Pat Donnan for the only goal of the game. Had his colleagues and rivals been as nimble and as inspired there would have been a Hood of scoring which would have put the scoreboard into a spin. Not that scoring would have made much difference to the dull atmosphere and rather halfhearted efforts of the players or given the crowd of just over 5,000 any better value for their money. The standard of football was never much above the mediocre and it was only the enthusiasm of the' supporters -.if the Ulster teams which gave an air of competitiveness to the two games. Down will be pleased enough with the dtaw for they were trailing throughout the match until the 25th minute when Blaney brought them level for the first time. By that stage the centre orward had suddenly discovered his accurac) and that point was his third in as man) minutes. Had he been in similar, form in the 12th minute, there might have been a much different outcome. With the Offaly defence in some thing of a muddle and their goalkeeper Denis Wynne advancing from his line in desperation, Blaney, from no more than six yards and with a yawning net in front of him, drove the ball wide. His team-mate, Damien Morgan, followed up with two misses which were almost as bad and Blaney himself also shot wide from a good chance as Down let Offaly off the hook. The Leinster champions had started impressively and a good shot from John Guinan was well saved by Pat Donnan as they pressed forward and. although they also missed simple chances of scores, they found themselves ahead by l-l in the sixth minute both scores coming from Matt Connor. Paddy O'Rourke seorcd a beautiful point for Down in the seventh minute and Brendan McGovern added another before Blaney and Morgan missed those simple chances. It was now Offaly's turn but when Guinan and Pat Fitzgerald tried tor goals Donnan brought off a marvellous double save to deny them. Down had another chance soon after this when John McCartan- and Damien Morgan , swept through the Offaly defence after Ambrose Rodgers had again won possession at midfield. Brendan McGovern appeared at the end of the move but blazed the ball over the bar when a goal seemed a more likely outcome. When Offaly came back with Points from Gerry Carroll and Pat itzgerald to give Offaly a goal lead Down seemed to be slipping away but Blaney at last found the range and Paddy O'Rourke dashed through for another good point to leave them only a point behind at half time. Offaly surged forward again at the start of the second half and Padraig Dunne and Brendan Lowry widened the gap to three- points again. Down brought on Liam Austin at this stage with Ambrose Rodgers moving Into the half forward line but Offalv continued to exert full control and Matt Connor took a point from a sideline free with a beautiful kick to Give them a four-point lead. Down refused to give up, however, and after lim McCartan and Brendan Lowry had exchanged points, frees by Blaney and Brendan McGovern revived Down's morale. Gerry Carroll pointed for Offaly but there followed Blaney's hat-trick of points to bring the scores level. He levelled again three minutes later after Dunne had punched a Lowry lob over the bar for Offaly. SHORT TIME There followed Blaney's chance to win the game but he struck his free from 40 yards with the wind behind hkn short into the goalmouth. It was cleared before the referee. Kevin Campbell from Meath. signalled a draw with half a minute remaining on the stop watch. When the replay takes place on April 4th, also in Croke Park, much will depend on whether or not the sides are capable of making the most of their chances. Yesterday, Down played some neat incisive football from defence through midfield but when the 40 yard mark was reached they seemed to lose themselves, Their midfielders Ambrose Rodgers and Paddy O'Rourke can claim a lot of the credit for the draw and Mark Thurlcy, Mickey Sands and Ned King in defence were in good form. The attack, however, needs a lot of shooting practice and if this aspect of their game can be put right they might well reach the semi-finals. Offaly will also have learned a lesson from the operation. Their defence, too, was sound with Michael Lowry, Liam Connor. Charlie Conroy, and Stephen Darby always willing to play constructively but. unfortunately, were it not for the opportunism of Matt Connor in taking the goal when the chance came, they might not have lived to fight another day. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 52f833641..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -2 GAP*61 FITZGERALD'S EIGHT MONTHS AS FREE STATE PREMIER IS cu honesty mate lyinepti BY KEVIN BURKE GARRET FitzGerald's eight- month term of office as Free State premier, which ended in Leinster House on Tuesday, March 9th, was the shortest premiership in the history ofthe state. It ended with his credibility in tatters and his ineptitude exposed. In the dying hours of his government, on Monday night, the Fine Gael leader U-turned for the last time, uselessly abandoning the supposed sacrosanct strictures of his vicious budget on VAT, subsidies and taxation of social welfare in a final vain attempt to buy the necessary independent votes and win the all-important prize of power. And capital projects at Whitegateoil refinery, Arigna mines and Dublin's port and docks site were blithely promised at a cost which put the unmentionable Knock airport in the shade. If his political acumen before the January budget had matched his lust for power after it, the general election need not have taken place and he could still be in office today. HUNGER-STRIKE It was on June 30th last year that Garret FitzGerald's coalition government took over from that of Charles Haughey, who had, to all intents and purposes, lost the general election because of his inaction on the H Block hunger- strike. FitzGerald, in the first heady hours of office pinpointed the hunger-strike as his most urgent priority. Four hunger-strikers were already dead at that time; six more were to die. In the next days he held a meeting with the British ambassador, significantly veiled in secrecy. And his first meeting with the hunger- strikers' relatives on July 3rd, was lengthy, but already concentrating on persuading them to undermine the protest. But following the death of Joe McDonnell on July 8th, FitzGerald, raising the hunger- strike for the first time in Leinster House, placed the onus for tho deaths on the British government. He dispatched two of his senior ministers to London, and later called on United States president Ronald Reagan and the EEC to intervene. That was the high-point of his hunger-strike effort. Discovering that actions were needed to back up his words, he began to back off and by tho end of July was publicly attempting to wash his hands of tho crisis. His statements from then on laid the blame on the IRA leaden ship not the British government. In the middle of August, relatives of the hunger-strikers were forcibly removed from government buildings. ECONOMY Meanwhile, Garret FitzGerald was well into breaking his first set of economic electoral promises. From the beginning of his government's term the cry went up that things were much worse economically than he had imagined and in fact the state was on the verqe of bank ruptcy. His first budget in mid-July, with a plethora of punitive measures, signalled that the electoral goodies wore not going to be delivered. Two days after getting it through Leinster House he sought to silence criticism within his own party, and his coalition allies, the Labour Party, by declaring a long summer holiday for the parliament to the end of October. But throughout the summer the voices of protest, among his own supporters and the vital independents, grew louder, spurred on, as August drew to a close, by a speech from his right-wing Minister for Industry John Kelly, Garret FitzGerald's meeting with Margaret Thatcher in London in November last year brought more evidence of his political ineptitude and of his readinoss to collaborate likening social welfare recipients to 'cannibal piglets'. Almost continuous price increases fuelled the grumblings and in September when FitzGerald went to chop the Tuam sugar factory as part of his 'lame ducks' policy, the outcry forced him to retract. In November, forty thousand angry farmers marched on Dublin in piotest at their worsening economic conditions. FitzGerald turned his attention then to wage costs and, as the centralised pay-deal talks headed for collapse, launched a verbal attack on workers' living standards which was enthusiastically taken up by employers' organisations. But here again, there was disappointment with his big talk when, as the year closed, he agreed a public sector pay increase of 15 , which although well below inflation rates, was most displeasing to pnvate sector employers. CRUSADE Under pressure politically because of his inability to take any effective economic action, FitzGerald, in September, hit, partly by accident, on a handy diversion. With monumental hypocrisy, and with much pious reference to Tone and Davis, he launched what became known as his 'constitutional crusade'. Supposed to be a total reform of the Free State constitution of 1937, it was primarily aimed, not at lemoving social injustice in the South, but at wooing loyalists in the North. His concentration on the removal of Articles 2 and 3 from the constitution, which claim territorial jurisdiction over thirty-two counties, and Ins description of the Free State as sectarian, won him praise ftom Doth the former Vanguard leader, now Official Unionist, William Craig, and from the murderous Ulster Defence Association. With the hunger-strike over in October, FitzGerald felt the way cleai for more extended collaboration with Britain. A meeting with Northern direct-ruler James Prior in Dublin preceded a summit in London with British premier Margaret Thatcher on November 6th. LONDON Before FitzGerald went to London he was nicely set up by Charles Haughey, who claimed that out of the Anglo-Irish study groups, which he had himself instigated with Thatcher, would come great things including a three-tier Anglo- Irish Council which should be announced at the forthcoming meeting. FitzGerald returned from London with an Anglo-Irish Council which was merely a name stuck on the existing system of meetings between government leaders and civil servants. He did not have the third tier, much-vaunted by Haughey, of a council of parliamentary members from London and Dublin. In London, FitzGerald had been craven. Humiliated by Britain's contempt for its weak hunger-strike protests, and trumpeting abroad that his state was bankrupt, he cut a sorry figure. To win his way back into Britain's good books he promised further collaboration in the future by way of joint courts to include Northern judges to try political offences in the South and by allowing RUC men to interrogate suspects in Free State garda stations. Meanwhile, both sides agreed to give the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act a further try as an alternative to extradition, and by the end of his term in office FitzGerald had six of the Crumlin Road escapees imprisoned by the Dublin Special Court and the first Irishman in the same dock for political offences alleged to have taken place in England. Also, on the home front, legislation was being prepared to extend already repressive legislation, to end the right to bail, the right to silence in custody and further extend garda powers. CENSORSHIP But Garret FitzGerald will not just be remembered for his ardent collaboration with Britain nor for the viciousness of his economic measures in breach of his election promises. There were plenty of other memorable points which left his personal imprint on the office of Free State premier. Although a supposed liberal, he has nothing to show from his term to support this image. On the question of political censorship he displayed his attitude by the appointment of the hard-line Patrick Cooney as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. In August, he drew widespread criticism at home, and derision abroad, by banning the newly elected Westminster MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Owen Carron, from RTE. And in the January election FitzGerald's determination to silence his republican critics, inspired an extension on the ban on Sinn Fein, which backfired when the enabling legislation was ruled unconstitutional by a High Court judge. JOBBERY Among the few grateful admirers who FitzGerald will have won for his period as premier are the British agents, the Littlejohn brothers, and the loyalist bomber Norman Parkinson of the UDA, all of whom were freed early from Mountjoy prison. There are also several beneficiaries of his corrupt patronage in the form of highly- paid jobs in the government and civil service. During his short spell, an array of political appointments of this kind include several of his political cronies and their relatives, including his own son and daughter-in-law. Even in the dying days of his government the hypocrite who had previously denounced political jobbery made partisan appointments in the garda, the judiciary and to state bodies. Garret FitzGerald goes down as yet another Irish leader who has failed and betrayed his people. Eight months of Garret FitzGerald were more than enough. Dublin's Clemency for UDA Prisoner The surprise release from Mountjoy Prison of UDA man Frederick Parkinson has produced some criticism alleging that the same humanitarian concern is not extended to Republican prisoners on either side of the Border. Parkinson (37), the father of two children, was serving a 12- year sentence for an attempted firebomb blitz in Dublin. He was convicted of having incendiary devices and firearms in 1977. He would have been due for release in 1986 with full remission. But, following intervention on his behalf by various people and organizations, he has been given a full remission on humanitarian grounds on condition that he does not come back into the Free State. For much of his period in Mountjoy, Parkinson shared accommodations in the prison's basement with the Littlejohn brothers who were released last year, also on humanitarian grounds, with half their sentences still to serve. Among the organizations which worked for Parkinson's release was the Catholic lay organization, the Knights of St. Colum- banus. Among the individuals who helped were Bishop Com- iskey, one of Dublin's auxiliary Catholic bishops, and a Unionist former mayor of Belfast, John Carson. Carson became friendly with the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Fine Gael TD Fergus O'Brien, and last year they went on a joint tour of the United States. Carson admits that O'Brien opened up negotiations for him with the result that he met Dr. Garret FitzGerald and the then Minister for Justice, Jim Mitchell. James Eccles, until recently Supreme Knight in Ireland of the Knights of St. Columbanus, says that, together with Denis Maloney, also a Knight, and the solicitor who defended Parkinson, he visited him in prison on a number of occasions. Afterwards, they made representation to the Minister for Justice. At a press conference at UDA headquarters in Belfast, Parkinson praised the humanitarian policies of Fine Gael. They were the people who released me, and I am very grateful, he said. He added that he now regrets having gone into the Free State with the intention of doing damage. He had been treated well in prison and those Catholics and Protestants who had intervened to bring about his release contrasted starkly with certain Loyalist politicians whom he didn't name. He said that he would be remaining a member of the UDA. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 671c9c210..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -RecifooaL V The St Patrick's Day Parades across America demonstrated the growing support for the struggle for Irish freedom. In numerous cities this was shown by naming Bobby Sands honorary grand marshal. The recent Newark parade was no exception. Although Irish Northern Aid and the Irish National Caucus of New Jersey, Inc. (as distinct from the Washington-based Caucus) are active and have a great deal of support in the Newark area, the parade leaders have consistently taken a non-political stand This year, however, Republican supporters showed their strength to New Jersey the Free State-loving officials. Bridie Vesey from Rathmullen, Co. Donegal, and her husband Brendan from Ballaghadereen, Co. Mayo, as Deputy Grand Marshal and Assistant Adjutant respectively, used their influence to change the attitude of the parade committee. As a result of their efforts, when John Brady of the Irish National Caucus of New Jersey, Inc., made a motion to formally invite Sean Sands and his family to the parade, it was unanimously approved. A big thanks to the Vesey family for helping to put the parade committee in the right direction. A little bit of Ireland took over Hackensack last March 14th, as more than 2,500 ofthe faithful marched in Bergen County's first county wide St. Patrick's Day parade. A bright sun softened a stiff westerly breeze that ripped at flags and banners and chilled the estimated 8,000 spectators. The hour-long parade followed 1 -mile route down Main Street from Anderson Avenue to The Green, opposite the courthouse. A riderless horse honored Irish Republican Army member Bobby Sands and nine other hunger strikers who died in a North Ireland prison last year. Sands was honorary grand marshal of the parade. Bronx INA The Bronx Unit of Irish Northern Aid held a very successful social at the Broadstone Inn last Friday evening. Sean Sands held the audience captive and will undoubtedly do so again at the Riverdale Steakhouse, 259th Street and Riverdale Avenue, Bronx, Thursday evening, March 25 th. Irish music lovers will have a double treat as Sean and Joe Banjo Burke contribute their talent for the evening. There will be a buffet, compliments of proprietor Terry Connaughton. Delaware Valley Chapters of INA Presents Philadelphia The QE II The Philadelphia City Administration apparently feels that Irish and Irish- Americans haven't suffered enough... Now our tax dollars are being spent to slap us in the face, by the arrival of England's pleasure ship, the Queen Elizabeth II... Demonstrate YOUR outrage Sunday, April 25 th, 1982 at 1:00 P.M. Packer Delaware Avenues, Philadelphia, Pa. For Information Call: 288-8298, 352-8148, 755-1069, (609)267-8098 The Delaware Valley Chapters of INA will demonstrate on Sunday, April 25 th in protest against the Philadelphia arrival of the Queen Elizabeth 2 , England's greatest shipbuilding blunder since the Titanic . The protest starting at 1 p.m., at Packer and Delaware Ave. in Philadelphia, will let the city administration know that the spending of tax dollars to welcome this carrier of England's imperial flag is an outrage to American citizens. As Irish children continue to be targets for British Army plastic-bullet gunmen, English foreign office and economic bigwigs are planning to impress the city that is the cradle of hard-won American liberty. English accents and a patronizing attitude toward colonials are all that the ill- starred vessel has to offer, however. This is a ship that was outdated before its keel was laid. Its turbines gave an embarrassing black eye to British craftsmanship when they failed repeatedly in trials. In service, at least two serious breakdowns of machinery and piping have left the hulk wallowing dead in the sea, while passengers took to boats or impatiently waited return of water to bathrooms. Aptly named, in view of the dowdiness and lack of style of its furnishings and accommodations, Queen Elizabeth 2 is seeking unwary cruise passengers who will tolerate mutton in various disguises. Meanwhile, the far superior food, accommodation, service and attitude ofthe crews of Dutch, Italian, Trench and Scandinavian ships continue to drain business from this ship of shame , as her own crew took to calling her in disgust some years ago. Delaware Valley INA chapters ask support for the protest Remember the Hunger Strike Martyrs, and be present Sunday afternoon. April 25th. Rockland Rockland County Irish Northern Aid's monthly meeting will be on Sunday March 28, 1982. 2:30 p.m., at the Celtic Inn, 51 Route 303, Tappan, NY. A question and answer seminar on north Ireland will be led by a guest speaker. All are welcome. Light refreshments will be served For further information, call Marie (914) 3574381 or Carole (914) 354-6924. Irish Coffee Club The Irish Coffee Club held its monthly meeting on March 9th at the Hibernian Club in Elizabeth. Danny Sheedy, member 268, bought Irish coffee for all members present 2 CO X w o r o to -J Wolfe Tone Memorial At Bodenstown June 20, 1982 Departing June 13, 1982 Return flights On June 20th, June 27th, July 4th 399,00 Deposit Date Extended Until March 31 Minimum deposit: 50.00 Call: MCA Travel at (201) 733-4000 Ask for Gail McManus Bronx Unit - INA Will Hold A Social 'JeWup Pojwauy/ttoiiU Stepwise y .n 5700 Riverdale A venue (at 259//. Street) Bronx, New York Thursday, March 25th From 9:00 P.M. till ? Entertainment By: Joe Banjo'j Burke Special Guest Appearance By: Sean Sands / at lUiflet Donation: 5.00./// Welcome I 1 Make Your First Stop The Last Stop Bar Restaurant 597 West 207th Street at Broadway Jlul plates and Sandwiches Served from 11:00 A.M. Mon. thru Fri. Urn i idi Served from J 2:00 Noon, Sat. Sun. Your Hosts: John Matty (212)567-9180 L DEADLINES OUR PRINTING SCHEDULE REQUIRES THAT ALL LETTERS, REGIONAL NEWS ITEMS, ADVERTISEMENTS AND COMMUNITY EVENTS BE RECEIVED NO LATER THAN TWELVE NOON ON THE SATURDAY BEFORE THE ISSUE DATE. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index f2b9b585a..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ - lt;N -C o s w p. o w Ph 00 2 HnHnsnuBn rditorial Perhaps the most significant event the many colonies on several continents h in Ireland last week, was largely from which the British have been t overlooked by American newspapers, ejected by armed struggle. i It occurred in a Belfast City Court IRISH VIEW during the trial of a Protestant and The Irish view is dramatically pro-British Loyalist, Robert McConnell, different The existence of any sectarian for the assassination of Protestant but divisions is merely a manifestation of Nationalist John Turnly. That an the old British. tactic divide and Ulster Defense Association member conquer . The British have consciously should assassinate a Protestant poli- divided the people of Ireland by tician in what is often wrongly described awarding Protestants a privileged as a sectarian conflict bears some status in jobs, housing and political import But the significance of that power. Protestants, in response to this aspect ofthe case and ofthe continued guarantee of sectarian favoritism, legality of the UDA were completely have become generally loyal to the overshadowed by McConnell's speech British. The Nationalist population at the culmination of the trial. For ruled exclusively by British troops McConnell, a convicted UDA assassin, and British force, seeks an end of admitted that he had acted in coopera- British rule and the re-establishment tion with a British Army Strategic Air of national self-government The bene- Services( SAS) squad. He named two ficiaries are the British themselves, SAS troopers, Sgt. Thomas Aiken' who rule part of Ireland in accordance and Corporal McGow, who helped with British economic interests and direct his brutal activities and detailed dominate government in the Free the assistance in terms of weapons, State through partition. British troops uniforms and military intelligence are in Ireland to defend British colonial which the British provided McConnell interests, and sectarianism is fostered lastly noted that the SAS had suggested because it is an essential part of the Turnly as a target, as well as other colonial system. The British thus targets, notably Bernadette McAliskey collaborate actively with Loyalist and Miriam Daly, who would later be paramiliaries like the Ulster Defense the victims of other UDA assassins. Association, a legal entity, because BRITISH An Irish historian in publishing a compilation of Irish prisoners' speeches from the docks of British court- they too defend British rule. LAST WEEK Last week these views were evident on both sides of the Atlantic. In uhs; tpuop s ' . itcJ St.tr. The Year of the Irish J-lunger Strike An American Tribute The Hunger Strike Memorial Book wwwwim rooms began by lamenting, Was it America, both Free State head Charles not enough that the British become Haughey and the self-proclaimed the unjust owners of the soil of Friends of Ireland pontificated in Ireland, but must they own the world's America about a solution to the ear also? The version of the twelve conflict Both spoke of Irish unity but year struggle in Ireland which the spoke of it in terms of changing British have tried to foist upon the Loyalist attitudes so that benign world's ear is one which portrays Britain might withdraw. Meanwhile, them as reluctant peacemakers passively in a Belfast Court, a Loyalist Ulster inserting themselves as barriers between Defense Association member admitted feuding sectarian communities in the that he had received weapons, uniforms six counties. All conflict, the British information and a target for assassina- propagandists assert, stems from the tion. That target, John Turnly, was a Irish Republican Army or from pro- Protestant Turnly was assassinated British Loyalist paramilitaries. The at the behest of British SAS troopers, British will remain only so long as the because he opposed British rule in the majority wishes. Beneficent Britain, north of Ireland. Last week Robert bringing reasonableness and ordered McConnell demonstrated again that colonial government to the natives any solution based on the view of unsuited by nature to govern them- Britain as a reluctant intermediary selves. It is a propaganda version rather than a colonial oppressor, was used again and again by the British in predicated upon a lie. Published ..eekh b ITU IRISH PEOPLE, INC. Ownei and Publisher: rill IRISH PFOPI I. INC..-W5I Broadway, A contribution of 25.00 or more will secure for you or your organization a copy of The Year of the J-lunger Strike - An American Tribute and a listing in the volume. We do not plan to categorize contributions by amount but encourage individuals and groups to give as generously as possible to this effort Special graphic pages will be designed for contributions which exceed 500.00. SUBSCRIPTION FORM Please Print Clearly To A void Error Listing. Address City State .Zip Telephone Number Contribution Send listing and a contribution to: MEMORIAL BOOK Irish Northern Aid/IPO W Committee 4951 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10034 toflsSh GIVE YOUR FRIENDS THE FASTEST GROWING IRISH NEWSPAPER IN THE UNITED STATES Learn the truth about England's war in Ireland and keep up with the news from Ireland and the United States. A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER This is a gift your friends will thank you for all year. Just fill in the coupon below., PLEASE SEND THE IRISH PEOPLE FOR ONE YEAR TO: Name Address City Zip ENCLOSED PLEASE FIND 12.00 U.S. Mailing oneyear 15.00 Canadian Mailing one year 18.00 Ireland All Other Countries one year THIS IS A GIFT FROM: Name /vuaress City Zip MAIL TO: THE IRISH PEOPLE 4951 Broadway New York, New York 10034 (212)567-1611 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2e9789356..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -K/ lt;?u' ? expressed here by lt; - w? letter writers, bv regular LETTERS xxdm lt;; io/turn VIEWPOINTS columnists, and all other signed connibutors, are those ofthe authon and not necess arily those of the publishers. Against The Parade? Propaganda New York Times Letters to the Editor New York, N.Y. To the Editor So Edward Langley wants to abolish the St Patrick's Day parade (In Here's One Irish Vote Against the Parade, 3/10/82)... I suppose he'd also like to abolish the Fourth of July I am first generation Irish- American and proud of both cultures. Mr. Langley's claim to Irishism is a few jigs on his Dear Sirs, Once again we have witnessed the champions of human rights at work - namely, the last Fine Gael government in their release ofthe UDA man, Mr. Frederick Parkinson. We write this letter bearing absolutely no enmity or rancour at Mr. Parkinson's release. However, it is a sad shame that none of this humanitarian- ism was directed towards the plight of Irish prisoners in British jails. For two years we have been requesting relevant Irish minis- To the Editor Americans and Irishmen have, in many ways, a common heritage. The nation of each was a victim of English despotism. Americans drove the English from their shores. They had their Yorktown. The Irish still await theirs. In many ways, America owes a debt of gratitude to the sons of Erin, for 50 of George Washington's rebel army was composed of Irishmen. The British government has officially said so. American army muster rolls say so. And precious few of these Irishmen were so-called Scotch Irish . If we are to believe the official records ofthe British government including parliamentary debates, America was lost through the Irish. A review of American muster rolls records the fact that Southern Irish names dominated. English General James Robertson testified before a British parliamentary committee that half of the rebel army was from Ireland . General Clinton wrote his government in London, the emigrants from Ireland were, in general, to be looked upon as our most serious antagonists . After the war was over, Lord Mountjoy exclaimed in the House of Commons, America was lost by Irish emigrants Ireland had America detached from her by force ofthe Irish emigrants. Note that it was the Irish the government blamed, not the Scotch Irish . Even the French regiments aiding Washington stereo. If he knew anything about Ireland's problem, he would know that it is a matter of denial of civil and human rights that led Bobby Sands to sacrifice his life on a hunger strike to focus world attention on the plight of his people. Why would a man proclaiming to be Irish refer to those of his own ethnic background as this minority ?? Is it because he's so totally assimilated that he has no ethnicity, or because he was brought up on a diet of In British Prison ters to concern themselves and use their influence to seek an improvement in the inhuman conditions and harassment under which our brother, Patrick Hackett, has been subjected to for the past six years in Brixton, Wormwood Scrubs and Wakefield jails (confirmed by Amnesty International). Our brother is physically handicapped and is in his third year of solitary confinement Regretfully, our attempts at ministerial intervention have so far proved unsuccessful. We, the family of Patrick America's Debt were in part made up ofthe Irish brigade under Walsh and Dilloa US Army archives report the facts. They list 221 Irishmen named Burke, 327 O'Connors, 695 Kellys, 331 McCarthys, 494 Murphys, 322 Ryans,-266 Sullivans, 178 0'Neils,231 O' Briens, 243 Connellys and 285 Reillys, just to mention a very few Gaelic names. These are hardly the names of Scotch Irish soldiers. Irishmen fought British tyranny at Bunker Hill, including men with such Gaelic names as Colonel Dan Moore, Captain Thomas McLaughlin, Privates Dan McGrath, John Barrett, Thomas Collins, George Shannon, John Dillon, Thomas Doyle and Dan Callahan. Gaelic was commonly spoken by rebel troops. George Washington became a member ofthe Friendly Sons of St. Patrick since so many of his troops were Irish. Irish soldiers in the British regiments immediately deserted to the rebels on reaching America. The first rebel Congress included Irishmen named Sullivan, Fitzsimmons, Duane, Carrol, McHenry, Hartnett Kearney and Heney, just to name a few. Irish rebel generals included James Hogan, John Kelley, John Dooley, John Shea, Hercules Mooney, Steven Moylan, all Irish-born. The Irish began arriving in America as early as 1621, according to American archives. The great Shenandoah Valley was called the Irish tract long before the Revolutionary War. fortified stupidity? The Irish are as downtrodden today as they were and that is attested to by the pro-British slanted reporting by the media and the closing down of an exhibit on Irish history by an individual in the Customs Dept who, at the behest of a minor official of the British Information Services, informed us that unless Ireland changes its history, he will not allow the public to see it. Maureen O'Driscoll Hackett, as contributors to the up-keep of such ministers in their influential positions, hope that relevent ministers of the present government will now press their British counterparts to reciprocate a like humanitar- anism as has been evinced in the Littlejohns' and Parkinson cases - a gesture that will achieve a tangible improvement in our brother's confinement. Bridget Hackett for the Hackett family, Nenagh, Co. Tipperary. Approximately 200,000 Irishmen arrived in the American colonies before the war started. The famine emigration of the 1840s was actually the second great flood of Irish immigrants. The rebel army in Pennsylvania was called the Irish Line since it contained so many Irish troops. Wexford-born John Barry was called the Father of the Rebel Navy.. Yes, there was a small minority of Irishmen with non-Gaelic names as well, but they considered and called themselves Irishmen, not Scotch Irish. They stood with solid patriots like Wolfe Tone and McCracken, Irishmen all. Washington never referred to the Scotch Irish as there were none in those days. That term is a recent invention. Ulstermen contributed their proportionate share in freeing America including the O'Dohertys, O'Neils, O'Kellys, Maguires, etc., but Southern Ireland supplied the vast bulk of Washington's rebel army. So much for the British- created myth of the so-called Scotch Irish . Various Stormont governments and the British government failed to cite the fact that the families of Presidents Grant, Wilson, McKinley and others fled British tyranny in the colonies. Their English oppressors have, in recent years, enshrined the ancestral homes of the very people they drove out of Ulster. James C. Heaney Buffalo, NY To the Editor On Thursday, March 11,1982 at about 9:15 p.m. (NY time), the BBC broadcast a commentary by one David Beresford called Ulster Newsletter , apparently a regular weekly feature. Mr. Beresford was proclaiming from Belfast the good news that the people of Northern Ireland seemed to be coming to their senses and at long last realizing that religion and politics don't mix . The cause of this jubilation was the fact that the Rev. Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party candidate in a Parliamentary by-election, Rev. William McCrea, had run a poor third -behind the second place candidate of the non-sectarian Alliance Party (David Cook) and the winning candidate (with a comfortable 5000 vote majority) of the establishment Official Unionist Party. This news was celebrated as a step away from the madness of sectarian politics back toward a more stable and secular political life. But what is the identity of this champion of non-sectarian, establishment common sense Unionism? None other than the Rev. Martin Smyth, the exalted Grandmaster of the Orange Order In his pamphlet The Battle for Northern Ireland, the Rev. Smyth, through some painfully contorted reasoning, proves that it is the Catholics who have terrorized the Protestants for fifty years Leon Uris (inIreland- A Terrible Beauty, p. 183) calls Martin Smyth the real article, a genuine uncomplex bigoL..mus- cle-bound by his own medio crity... . Maintaining the unmaintainable and rationalizing the unrational, Rev. Smyth remains dedicated to the founding principle of Orangeism: allegiance to the Crown, upholding the Protestant Ascendancy, and hatred of Catholics. Mr. Beresford's delight it would seem, is that the rough and redneck style of Paisleyite bigotry has been forced to take a back seat to the hoped-for and more apparently respectable institutionalized discrimination ofthe Gentlemen's Lodges . The point is not whether or not you accept the Irish Republican premise that it is the lesson of history that the Irish nation has made progress towards the restoration of liberty and of national sovereignty in Ireland only through physical force or the threat of physical force. Nor is the point the desirability ofthe ultimate peaceful reunification of Ireland. The point is that whatever its good points, when it comes to reporting on Ireland, the BBC is mendaciously misstating the facts and is being used plainly and simply as a tool of English government propaganda in the very worst sense of the term. But then again, do we consult Radio Moscow for the truth about Poland? Where Ireland is concerned it is the English who are (as J. Edgar Hoover rightly said of the Communists) the Masters of Deceit . Kenneth Tierney Freedom for All Ireland Com. AOH Westchester County d as oo o lt; / gt; H X m lt; GO X W O r w as r to o vo oo Senator Mathias To the Editor: Thank you for getting in touch with me to express your concern about S. 1639, the Extradition . Act of 1981, which is currently being considered by the Senate Judiciary Committee. The bill has been amended slightly and reintroduced as S. 1940. S. 1940 would replace our outdated extradition law with a codification of current case law and practice in this area. The bill would make one major change it would authorize the Secretary of State, rather than the courts, to decide whether the offense for which extradition is being sought is of a political nature. If Congress adopts this change, it will shift the determination of a political offense from a neutral, apolitical body like the courts, to a proponent of political policies in the Executive branch. This shift could threaten long-established- norms of due process and our long tradition of providing a refuge for victims of political prosecution. This proposed change has an other potential disadvantage. To place that decision with the Executive branch might force the President to make judgments that would cause embarrassment in his conduct of foreign relations. Similar concerns prompted us in 1976 to shift from the Department of State to the courts the decision on whether or not to grant a foreign sovereign's request for immunity. I will take a careful look at S. 1940 with these considerations in mind, and will try to make sure that it contains procedural safeguards for the accused. In fact I understand that the Administration itself is considering amendments to S. 1940 that would provide additional protection in this important area. I appreciate your expression of interest in the extradition bill. You may be sure that I will have your views in mind as the bill is debated by the Committee and the full Senate. Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. United States Senator Maryland - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 843883e02..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -00 ON cs p W o w Oh CO W H 00 ., 1... r . . i i.. - i ...,.,.,j - . ... .: :. The Religious Dimension Part III Fr. James Wixted, a native of Co. Limerick, was ordained for the diocese of Portsmouth, England, where he labored as a priest for forty years. Thirty years of his priestly ministry were spent in St. John Vianney parish, Wantage, Oxfordshire, a parish he founded in 1951. He designed and helped build the rectory and church towards which the diocese had been able to contribute only 500 pounds from central funds. Like many other Irish priests working in similar areas, Fr. Wixted had relied on family and friends in Ireland to help financially. His own family had contributed 10,000 pounds and, during his thirty years in the parish, he himself had not drawn a formal salary. So far, the Fr. James Wixted story is typical of that of many Irish- born priests and religious attached to dioceses in England, Scotland and Wales. In Memoriam Fr. Wixted attracted national attention by offering Masses for the Price sisters when they were being force fed while on hunger strike, for the local MP Airey Neave following his assassination and for Bobby Sands. The Mass for Bobby Sands was the subject of Mrs. Thatcher s comment in the House of Commons: This is a matter on which a number of us feel very deeply indeed, and why the feel ings and thoughts of most of us are with the victims of the Provisional IRA. Tory MP Tom Beynon complained to Fr. Wix- ted's bishop, the Rt Rev. Anthony Emery, who is quoted under the headline Priest rapped in row over Mass in the Daily Express of 5/11/81: This can be misinterpreted as condoning what he has done. Any political activity in connection with the celebration of Mass is forbiddea The summer after saying the controversial Mass, Fr. Wixted retired but returned to Wantage after Bishop Emery issued a statement saying that he had honorably retired . This, Fr. Wixted protested, was untrue. He had, in fact, been forced into early retirement because he had offered a Mass for Bobby Sands. The Irish Post (10/31/81) reports the events in the church in Wantage following the statement by Fr. Wixted: Two male members of the congregation then mounted the altar and attempted to remove Fr. Wixted forcibly. Two others intervened to protect the priest and one ofthe assailants was heard to say: 'If you don't get him out, I'll kill himV The Irish Post reported also that the diocese of Portsmouth had conducted an internal inquiry into Fr. Wixted's appeal against early retirement Fr. Wixted claimed the inquiry was incom- Heirs: Mrs. Paisley, Ian Paisley and Peter Robinson plete and was planning to meet the Apostolic Delegate in London. Hitler's Heirs Actually, in one respect, Fr. Wixted may have been lucky, because he could have been detained under the PT Act A London-based nun her name is not given here for obvious reasons wrote recently in a letter requesting the name and address of some Senate members in Albany: Meanwhile, the Irish in England are being treated like German Jews under Hitler. Under the Prevention of Terrorism Act, Irish people are hounded and humiliated, rushed to gaol on the slightest pretext, and can be kept for seven days... Women especially are exposed to obscenity and insult, having no washing facility except a public one where they are watched by male warders. Could you Irish-Americans pass on this fact to the Vatican. You carry a great deal of clout still. The letter writer went on to describe how the British Broadcasting Corporation portrayed supporters of Irish Northern Aid being interviewed in America by BBC reporters: In the program shows here, shots of Arma- lite rifles and other weapons were shown here and there in conjunction with the text, thus causing complete distortion of the ideas presented. (To be continued) IT* itumuL A Question For The Irish Tourist Board? St. Patrick's Day 1982 is now history and in New York the banners and flags are almost dry. It was a line soft day in the Big Apple. The green meanics of past years were reduced to a wet few, as New York's finest kept a tight rein on the merrymakers, while I.A.D. (Internal Affairs Division of the Police Department) kept a sharp eye on them. The weather also had a dampening effect on the viewers But as I headed north on Madison from 42nd Street, I remembered a snatch of song: // ain't no use to grumble and complain It's just as cheap and easy to rejoice When God sorts out the weather and sends rain, Why, rain's my choice. So with this refrain sliding around my memory I turned up my collar and tightened my hat as I turned west on 45 th Street Purloined Potables The warnings that had been issued by the Police Department about public intoxication were a reality as I watched a couple oftri-color bedecked kids having their potables purloined by the P.D. I proceeded west as the two youths headed east, summonses in hand. The weather aside, it would be a dry day for these guys. As I neared Fifth Avenue I began to realize that the contingent I was passing was all Noraid. The expectations of a good turnout were a fact and another page in the history o( the hunger strike was being written. Bobby Sands, Honorary' Grand Marshal The election of Bobby Sands as honorary Grand Marshal would not be soon forgotten, by Republican supporters and Free Staters alike. This was evidenced by the politician from Sligo who sat on the reviewing stand as Noraid went by. After a few furtive glances he went into his imitation of an ostrich and if his need for fresh air hadn't been a priority, he would have missed the remainder of the parade. Our upwardly mobile mayor did his best sidewalk act decked out in an Aran sweater and I Love New York muffler. He flashed the thumbs-up signal of the ASUs to the cheering throng. If he doesn't succeed to Hughie's Albany job he would be a natural for the male lead in a revival of Abie's Irish Rose . TV Coverage The TV coverage of the parade by WPIX included the Norr aid marchers without any comment from the usually gregarious Jack McCartny. I gliess job security in these troubled times must be an employee's paramount concern. I hate to say it but old Jack wears the halter well. And while we're on the subject ofthe parade's coverage, how about a hand for the spon sors, Bord Failure and Aer- Libelous, It wouldn't have been the same without them. Another thought comes to mind while on the subject of those tre-foil tailed Tories, what with the disclosure recently by The Irish People of documents pertaining to the Free State's attempts at denying the American public access to spokespersons ofthe Irish Republican movement and the continuing harassment of Noraid by the American government as they insist that the rapidly growing Irish-American organization comply with the Foreign Registration Act Can anyone who attended a picket anywhere in this country during the last year or gave a donation of any amount to help with the humanitarian work ofthe Committee, or even purchased a T-shirt, poster, pin or bumper stick' . travel safely to Ireland ever again? Consider this, if Noraid is forced by the Federal government to comply with Foreign Registration, you by your support ofthe demands of the hunger strikers, through your appearance at a picket rally or demonstration which was sponsored by the Committee, will find yourself in a tenuous position on your next visit to the Sham-State. It's no secret that the representatives of the Free State tried to persuade participating parade contingents not to march on the 17th in any American city that honored the memory of Bobby Sands and his heroic comrades. Of course, this is nothing new for the Ath Cliath quislings, as they have tried over the last decade to dissuade Irish- Americans from supporting the Noraid Committee or any other group of opponents of their support of British oppression and the maintaining of the status quo in occupied Ireland. You can be sure that the rejection of their overtures will not be forgotten, no matter what Charlie fork-tongued during his D.C. visit. They don't like people who don't agree with their collaborationist policies, and you must realize what happens to people who don't agree with them ai home. So before you book your trip, give them a call. They're in the.book, and find out if they will give assurances against any attempts by the Special Branch to harass you or yours when you visit that special place, Ireland . - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0f8951272..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ - BY SEAMUS BOYLE DURING AN exhausting three-day trip to Britain two weeks ago Owen Carron, MP, visited five prisons where Irish republican prisoners are incarcerated: Leicester, Albany, Parkhurst, Hull and Wakefield. Carron arrived in Birmingham on Monday, February 22nd, and was met at the airport by Eddie Caughey of Birmingham Sinn Fein. At Leicester jail Carron, after establishing his identity to prison officials, was taken across a courtyard to the Special Security Block (SSB), 'a prison within a prison', in which, behind heavy security, were housed six republicans. He met Brendan Dowd from Tralee, who is serving life after his arrest in Liverpool, and who has completed five years. Alt the time, said Carron, as well as two Screws sitting taking notes there was electronic surveillance... Brendan complained of the boredom and the political censorship of books. But they do get AP/RN. He had wanted to get in the book 'The Dynamite War' but the governor banned it. When Brendan asked for it, he said he couldn't allow it. He asked why not. 7 can't allow people to take refresher courses in my prison/ he said. Brendan replied: 'What makes you think I've forgotten what's in my head?' Carron said that the prisoners spoke about the political progress of Sinn Fein and urged greater involvement in social and economic issues. Pipe-smoking, Belfast man Brian Keenan, serving eighteen years, made no complaint about conditions, 'although repatriation would make visiting handier', and was more concerned with the progress of the war, as were all the prisoners. He sent his regards to his wife Chrissie and asked for a photograph of his grandchild. Carron also met Eddie Butler from Castleconnell, County timerick, one of the famous Balcombe Street men. TEA One of the most amusing happenings of this last visit was the arrival of tea for Eddie and myself, said Carron. I suppose when you're behind six electronic doors and can't blow your nose without a camera looking at you, it's easy to see why they can afford tea. At 3 a.m. the next day Carron and Eddie Caughey travelled to Southampton and on to the Isle of Wight, where Albany and Parkhurst prisons are situated. All Irish POWs are category 'A', high- risk, explained a senior prison officer to me. This is why visiting was so restricted, he said in defence. The first POW I saw was Tony Clarke, a tall athletic Belfast man, with five years left to serve. Like all POWs he had been moved around a lot. He was glad to see me as were all the lads there. 'Everyone is sound here,' he said. There were eight republicans and spirits were high. Repatriation for 'lifers' was the main issue, he said. There would be twenty to thirty out over the next two years and only the 'lifers' left. Something would have to be done. He sent his regards to his nephews, Michael Fitzsimmons and Joe Clarke in H-Blocks, to Mickey Reilly and Gerry Small in Wakefield and to his sister. Belle Fitzsimmons, in Lenadoon. James Bennett from Belfast was the i next man to come in. He told me they were strip-searched before and after visits. He had been picked up in Southampton and he too had done the rounds. Roy Walsh from Belfast was a man in high spirits even though he was in some pain when I saw him. Roy, who was force-fed for a time along with the Price sisters and Kelly and Feeney, complained of a stomach ailment. The authorities, even though the prison doctor had recommended X-ray treatment were refusing to bring him the necessary two hundred yards next door to Parkhurst to the X-ray machine. Such is typical of the vindictiveness of the prison administration, and such revenge brought death to Sean O'Connaill, through lack of medical attention. Stephen Blake from Donegal had just arrived from Hull prison. His case is typical of the hardship inflicted on POWs and relatives. Stephen has had no visits for three- and-a-half years. Every time he has one arranged he is moved to some other location. Stephen's mother and brothers live in Letter- kenny. Jimmy Ashe from Birmingham will be out in ten months. According to some female visitors he prides himself that he is the best looking republican prisoner in jail Ray MacLaughlin, a Birmingham res- PRISONERS' MORALE IS HIGH SAYS CARRON ON RETURN FROM ENGLISH JAILS' VISIT mrHlnlHllun lip theid niiifif firiif nun lo ImmmMHtttmmu Owen Carron on his recent visit to Irish POWs in English jails: 'The case for repatriation is clear., ident but originally from Buncrana, is a happy-go-lucky bloke who nearly knocked me down with a slap on the back when I stood up to shake hands with him. Repatriation was the main issue, he said. There should be a full-time committee in close contact with the prisoners. He sent his love to his wife and kids in Birmingham and his comrades in Wakefield and in Parkhurst. Ronnie McCartney, a jubilant little Belfast man, is the O/C of the republican prisoners. He has served seven years and is doing life. He has been moved around all the jails twenty-five times in fact. The men are prepared to take a stand on repatriation. They had tried to do their little bit to support the H-Block men. Many of the lads had lost all their remission. Noel Gibson is a quiet spoken but determined rnan from Portarlington, County Laois. An uncle had been executed by the Staters in the Civil War. He has served seven years and hasn't had a visit since 1978. I promised to call to his mother. Owen saw a number of other prisoners before visiting Hugh Callaghan, a man wrongly convicted with six others for the Birmingham bombs of 1974. Hugh, finding it hard to cope, I'd say, gave me a file on his case and remarked he wasn't an IRA man. Nonetheless, he is a victim of British racism and his case is indeed a travesty of justice. PARKHURST That afternoon Owen visited Parkhurst. Parkhurst is an old building, not like Albany which was built in 1957. Parkhurst has, however, an SSB unit which holds Harry Duggan, Joe O'Connell and Hugh Doherty in the company of a Libyan and an Iranian. Again visiting conditions were restrictive, so much so that my first visitor, Harry Duggan from Clare, confronted the Screws, one of whom kept edging his chair closer to us. Harry complained and an officer returned, but as usual there was this rule and that rule. There was lots of aggravation, Harry said, and they had to keep fighting for their rights. Harry had many reflections on the political scene at home and lots of comments about the Southern election. He also thought Sinn Fein had a lot of political work and organisation to catch up on, the need to get involved in the social and economic spheres. Putting up Joe O'Connell was a mistake, he believed. 'Joe's left Clare ten years now. Surely Sinn Fein should be able to get a better candidate'. The next man to see me was Hugh Doherty from Donegal. Bearded but with his head shaved, he said he had to do something with the electric shaver his mother sent him and as he didn't want to shave his beard he had to use it on whatever hair he had left Hugh says AP/RN needs more political content and discussion. In Parkhurst as the Screws slowed the movement of prisoners up, I was only able to see four POWs altogether. Two from the SSB block and Gerry Young and Fr. Fell from the ordinary wings. HULL On the Wednesday, I travelled up to Hull where I saw Tony Madigan, John Mc Cluskey from Fermanagh, Eddie O'Neill from Coalisland, Stephen Nordone from Dundalk and Dicky Glenho/mes from Belfast. Tony Madigan will be out in June, he has lost sixteen months' remission and John McC/uskey, two-and-a-half years. Repatriation and visiting conditions are the main issues in Hull. Petty harassment is rife as one would expect from National Front supporters in the prison service. Stephen Nordone has had no visits for two-and-a-half years as his family is harassed by police when they are over. Dickie Glenho/mes also saw this as a problem but his wife comes to visit him. Owen Carron says that seventy-four Brits have been transferred to British jails for offences committed in the six counties. These include the two convicted of pitchfork murders in Fermanagh who are now in Wakefield. There are less Irisii prisoners so why can't they be repatriated? says Carron. All the prisoners told me of Mick Murray, on a blanket for four-and-a-half years. John McC/uskey had to shout over to him in the punishment block the night before and he said he wanted to see me. He thought he was being drugged. When I asked to see him I was told he couldn't have visits as he wouldn't wear a uniform. I went to see the governor but he said there was nothing he could do. I asked to go down to the block no, the Home Office wouldn't allow it - need a special order, etc. And so I left Hull without seeing Mick Murray but knowing he's a sound man. In the afternoon I went to Wakefield Wakefield prison that claimed the life of Frank Stagg. Brian MacLaughlin from Dungiven was the first I saw. He'll be out in June. Mick Reilly, whose father is from Ardoyne, has just seven months to do now. Gerry Small from Be/fast will be out by Christmas. In Wakefield I saw two other innocent men: Patrick Armstrong from Belfast doing thirty-five years and Patrick Maguire to be released in 1985. Patrick Maguire, one of the 'Guildford Four', had his whole life ruined just because British justice demanded its pound of flesh and he, his wife and two sons were falsely imprisoned -for incidents that IRA men publicly claimed in court. Patrick Maguire is coping well, he fjas Jpst his tivelihoodT his freedom a nd Family, but not his spirit. COURAGEOUS I was soon to see how hard it can be for IRA prisoners. I went to see Patrick Hackett in the prison hospital. Pat is a remarkable and courageous man. Minus an arm and a leg due to a premature explosion on November 11th 1976, Pat Hackett is fighting still. He has been on protest since January 1st 1979 for political status and repatriation. He is locked in solitary confinement twenty-three- and-a-half hours per day. He gets half-an-hour exercise on a landing. He has a radio and some books and gets some left-wing papers. Pat told me about some of the bad treatment he has received. He was badly interrogated while recovering in St. Stephen's Hospital, Fulham. Members of the Bomb Squad beat him a crippled man. Pat too had many observations on the political scene, says we need to be more left-wing. Truly a remarkable man, he'll never wear the uniform, he says, and he wants a transfer to H-Block. Pat Hackett deserves our support and it was indeed a fitting conclusion to my tour to spend one- and-a-half hours talking with him. One other point is the colossal distances between prisons which shows the physical problem for relations going to see their loved ones. The case for repatriation is clear. The 1964 Instrument No. 388, Prison Rule 31, guarantees it. The fact that it doesn't apply to Irish POWs shows that the Brits are motivated by racism and revenge. Republicans who have been tempered and scarred by the prison struggle in 1981 must address themselves to the problem of our POWs in English jails and to their repatriation. Owen Carron who saw a total of thirty prisoners has stilt to visit Gartree, Long Lartin, Maidstone, Wormwood Scrubs and the women republican prisoners in Durham, and he hopes to do so in the near future. as no H X ffl i a c/ gt; X *v m O r tn o :r to CO to - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 7d584bd44..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1982-03-27 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -ON r lt;N x: o W a, O w a, CO 2 w H oo lt;U 60 C3 Shooter's JANUARY 7th 1982 was the sixtieth anniversary of the ratification of the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1922. This so-called treaty divided Ireland down the middle, it turned brother against brother, father against son and wife against husband. The Free Staters called it 'the seeds of peace'; it was, in fact, England's divide and conquer policy designed to get Irishmen at each other's throats. For sixty years we have witnessed eternal war, bitterness, apathy and the war in Ireland being carried on, in the words of Lord Birkenhead, 'with an economy of English lives'. The Treaty sowed the seeds of civil war, jailings, executions, hunger-strikes, emigration, 'cat and mouse' policies, houndings, blacklists and terror of every description, carried out in the name of law and order. In the old days, when the Anglo- Normans first arrived, the Irish people fell into three camps. The first camp held the 'loyal' Irish; those who would sell their own mother for a shilling, jumped on the English bandwagon, crept with cap in hand .ind cringed for land, property and wealth. Tho second camp held the 'rebel' Irish; those who did not care where the English robbed, raped and burned or set up their pale, as long as it was not on their property. They did not run to the aid of the besieged people of Wexford, Waterford or Dublin. Worse still, they came with cap in hand to bow on bended knee before England's King Henry II in Dublin's College Green. Irish kings, princes and church prelates kissed the hem of Henry's gown and proclaimed him lord and master of Ireland on condition that he allowed them to hold on to their own titles and lands. The third camp hold what the English doscribed as the 'wild' Irish. These were the separatists, the people who refused to accept Henry, the English or the annexation of Ireland into the foreign kingdom. REMAINED Down eight hundred and thirteen years, the three camps romainod. Even in the days that they call 'the four glorious years' (1917-21) the three camps remained as they still remain today. The 'loyal' Irish are all around us, not just in the North but in the South as well. The 'rebel' Irish are those who do not care a straw as long as it does not cut across their rich, petty lives. The 'wild' Irish will never die; men and women motivated by love, by ideals, by truth and by justice will always shine far above the self-seekers. After the Battle of the Boyne, the big question in Ireland was: 'Who are you for? William or James?' Today the big question in Ireland must be: 'Where do you stand? For harp or for crown?' Those who wear the crown above the harp on their caps have chosen the crown's side the side of England. But there are others who do not wear caps or uniforms and do not show badges on their clothes but in their hearts have crowns bigger than those in the Tower of London. Charles Dickens, in his book 'A Tale of Two Cities', gives a good description of Shooter's Hill. Sometimes I find it hard to understand Dickens: the 'Tale of Two Cities' is dedicated to Lord John Russell who we remember as the famine boss of England who allowed four million of our people to starve to death or take the coffin ships to America. He was the man who gave the poor of England to the Poor Law committees and those committees drove thousands of Irish people out of England and sent them back to Ireland to die in the gutters of Dublin and theboreens of the countryside. TWO CITIES My story on Shooter's Hill is also a 'tale of two cities': the city of Dublin and the city of London. The first time I put my foot on English soil was in the early fifties. The lion THREE SHOUTS ON A HILL by Eamonn MacThomais 'SHOO TER 'S HIL L' is the eighth article in the occasional series 'Three Shouts on a Hill' by Eamonn Mac Thomais, in each of which he recalls personal and historical memories associated with a different hill and then gives three 'shouts' on any subjects of his choice. was roaring wildly. Threadneedle Street was a hive of pin-stripe suits, bowler hats, brief-cases and brollies. India House, Lloyds', Barclay's, Scotland Yard, St. James' Palace, Hyde Park and the Tower of London. St. Paul's, Westminster, Regent Street, Charing Cross and Wormwood Scrubs. Boot-blacks, organ-grinders and the horse-chestnut man at every corner. In the side streets were a million huckster shops. Turn a corner and out again to fashionable Georgian houses with big motor cars outside every door. As I walked around, gazing about, I found myself outside the Home Office. I stopped to think of bygone days. The London bobby asked me if I was lost. Yes, I replied, I'm lost. I'm looking for two men, Arthur Griffiths and Austin Stack. They passed by here in 1921. Griffiths said to Stack: 'How would you like to take home that building with you Austin?' What is it?' asked Austin. 'It's the Home Office,' said Griffiths. 'Surely,'said Stack, 'you're not thinking of anything else except a republic?' 'Oh,' said Griffiths, 7 think the British terms are very good.' 'But how could we accept the British king?' said Stack. 'Look at the dead who have given their lives for the Irish republic' 'Oh, I see. It's your conscience that is the matter', said Griffiths. When did you say your friends passed by this way? the London bobby asked me. July 1921, I replied. They passed by this place twice, once together and another time with Desmond FitzGerald. The bobby looked me over very hard and then decided l was joking and he said: It would take a bit of shifting to lift that building over to Ireland they'd need more than a few hundred-ton cranes. No , said I, they moved it with a gold fountain pen and royal blue Waterman's ink the ink that doesn't fade, or turn brown with age. The bobby strolled on muttering to himself about gold fountain pens, royal blue Waterman's ink and ghosts of 1921. I went into the Home Office and asked to see the Roger Casement diaries. The men in the pin-stripe suits were very nice and civil but they were not sure if the diaries were there or over in Whitehall. I waited in vain. Awfully sorry, sir, leave your name and address and we will contact you in due course. I never did get to see the Casement dia-ies yet I tried on at least four occasions. But Michael Collins saw them and he agreed with the British that the diaries were in Casement's handwriting. These were the diaries that the English had forged to send Sir Roger Casement to the gallows. The diaries are locked away now, not to be seen until the year 2016. The last deal was: Here's the quicklime dust for Casement's body. Bury him in Dublin and not in Murlough Bay (Casement's request), and shut your mouths about the diaries. Mackey is dead, Nolan is dead, who now will become Roger Casement's champion? I came out of the Home Office and made my way to Hans Place and Cadogan Gardens the two places where the English first made their divisive tactics. One half of the Irish delegation was put in Hans Place and the other half was put in Cadogan Gardens. Both out of touch with each other. Why not a hotel for the entire delegation? No. The English plan was well thought out. The next move was to split up Collins and Griffith. ' Come with me Mr. Collins, down to Sir Victor Sasoon's beautiful home for the weekend.' 'Come with me, Mr. Griffith down to my house at Chequers/ Off they went to be wined and dined and fooled and brow-beaten and brainwashed in evening dress, with solid silver knives and forks and white linen tablecloths, duck, salmon, roast beef, Yorkshire pudding, Napoleon brandy and music. A long, long way from the day that Collins grabbed the coat of the 'Daily Mail' reporter and told him that his paper had called Collins a murderer. The stage was now set for the final act. All the props were brought into position. First, the Pope in Rome; then the insult to the king of England; then the crown; then the North, then the Orangemen; then the battleships; then the terror; then the threats of 'terrible war', then the letter to Craig; the phone-call to the admirals at Holyhead. Sign, sign, sign, sign, sign. The gold fountain pen and the bowl of royal blue Waterman's ink. PROPS The stage was set in Dublin also. The props were out. The Dante celebrations; peace; home from being on the run; secret training; Croke Park picture-taking; all united together, all as one; Larkin's code each for all and all for each. It was a solemn moment as the gold fountain pen was filled with the royal blue Waterman's ink. The script for eternal war was ready, the red blotting paper under the first line. Two lines of men, two cities Dublin and London; two peoples Irish and English. One treaty England's divide and conquer policy. 'Sign now, gentlemen'. When the signing was over, Collins spoke the first words: Gentlemen, I have signed my own death warrant. Oh, if only Collins had remained in the same frame of mind that he was in the day he was going to sock the man from the 'Daily Mail'. Oh, if only the delegation had not allowed itself to be divided. Why didn't the entire republican cabinet go over to London? Why did they accept what they had previously rejected, in July? Or was it more than the July offer? Lloyd George had convinced Collins that the unionists would have only two and three-quarter counties. Just imagine, said Lloyd George, Craig will be the prime minister of the two and three-quarters counties the joke of the political world. Collins signed thinking that the Boundary Commission would give Tyrone,. Fermanagh, and parts of Derry and Armagh to the Free State. SIX COUNTIES When the Boundary Commission was set up the unionists wanted to take the whole province of Ulster Cavan, Monaghan and Donegal were to be added to the other six counties. The Boundary Commission broke up in a big row over the border-line. Then the unionists did their homework. 'If we take the nine counties the nationalists will have the majority. Let's make a new border-line taking in the six counties and with a good gerrymander system we will reign forever.' It wasn't until 1925 that the new agree- MICHAEL COLLINS ARTHUR GRIFFITH wined, dined and brainwashed ment was signed in England by Cosgrave, Higgins and Blythe and the entire six counties were handed over to Britain and the unionists lock, stock and barrel. This agreement, which also included the paying of Free State money as compensation for the burnings by the British Black arid Tans was called, by Cosgrave, 'the seeds of peace'. The injustice of the whole affair, from the signing of the so-called treaty to the last financial agreement in 1926, and then the betrayal by de Valera in 1927, was enough to drive some of our best sons and daughters across the waters into exile in America and Canada. Those who did not leave of their own free will were driven out by the 'cat and mouse' policy and by coercion acts. Whoever goes to America to preach, whether it's Mr. Paisley or Mrs. Paisley or whether it's Mr. Donlon, Mr. Hume or Mr. Taylor, they all must remember that the Irish-Americans, on the whole, are made up of the men and women, the sons and daughters, and grandchildren and great-grandchildren of the coffin ships of famine times; the descen dants of the Fenians; the descendants of the Easter Week 1916 people; the descendants of Black and Tan Ireland; and the descendants of the republican side ofthe Civil War. JOY My first shout on Shooter's Hill is one of joy that the federal policy has been dropped by Sinn Fein. Did the unionists not try the idea of the nine-county parliament for themselves in 1922, but quickly saw it did not suit them and dropped it like a hot potato? What they did not accept in 1922 they are not going to accept in 1982. The enemy is the enemy of old the British government and their crown forces in Ireland. When they withdraw, the differences between Protestants, Catholics, unionists, nationalists and republicans can only be solved in the realities of a united Ireland. My second shout on Shooter's Hill is to Margaret Thatcher. The British press and the BBC showed us your tears and told us that you were a mother first when your son was lost in the desert. Six days of tears you had, Mrs. Thatcher, and then your son came home. During your hours of tears did you think for one moment of the Irish mothers whose sons died on hunger-strike in the H-Blocks? Mothers whose sons would never come home again. My third shout on Shooter's Hill is to republican prisoners everywhere. My shout is a shout of hope. You are not alone in your cell, there are thousands across the world who, each day, in their minds are with you and beside you, in spirit, prayers, hopes and wishes. Maybe they don't all write letters or send cards but they are still out here taking pride in your courage and your sacrifice. In the old days, in the Curragh concentration camp, we got letters and cards from people who adopted us prisoners. I remember being adopted by three schoolgirls. Helen in San Francisco, Colleen in New York, and Harriet in Boston. They told me that the schoolteacher had put our names on the blackboard and each pupil was told to pick a name. And my three 'motts', as I called them, sent me the most beautiful cards which I proudly pinned up over my bed. Whenever I was down in the dumps I used to look at my cards and the feeling that someone cared lifted me higher than the barbed wire. Why don't you, dear reader, 'adopt' a prisoner? Send a letter or a postcard. If you are a schoolteacher, why not get a class to pick a prisoner? A glossy postcard can turn a bleak cell wall into an art gallery. Tl to VO H X w gt; lt; 2 00 X *0 W O *0 r w o cr to -j VO OO to INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY, which occurred last Monday, March 8th, was again highlighted by a series of activities organised over the weekend by anti-imperialist women in Belfast, Armagh and Dublin, focusing on the situation of the women political prisoners in Armagh jail. Traditionally, International Woman's contributions to the BERNADETTE McALISKEY Day is a day on which women throughout the world join together to comm- ommorate and celebrate their participation in tho struggles against oppression. In the North, until recontly, the organised women's movement has ignored the crucial question of women's contribution to the struggle against the British presence, but last weekend as in the lost three years delegations from support groups and feminist organisat ions in Britain converged along with anti- Imperialist contingents from Belfast and Dublin to picket Armagh jail, as a suit able climax to u weekend spent reflecting the reality of the daily struggles of nationalist women in occupied Ireland. Last Saturday, March 6th, a photographic exhibition was held m the Felons' Club in Andersonstown, in west Belfast, which concentrated on the daily lives and struggles of Irish women, in ordinary life and in the armed struggle. Comprising photographs, documents, posters, letters, profiles and poems, the exhibition examined women's to the community, playgroups, mother and toddler groups, tenants' associations, etc.; as well as women in armed struggle, women political activists, and women Volunteers who have died on active service. GRETA REEL received a bouquet from a Volunteer The exhibition illustrated the tremendous progress achieved by women in the North, especially since 1969, in organising themselves in opposition to British rule, thus breaking down sexist barriers and advancing their own emancipation. At a similar photographic exhibition the same day, held in Trinity College, Dublin, over one hundred women attended the display entitled Binlids and Barricades'. Organised by Sinn Fein's women's affairs department, the display comprised sixty-four panels of photographs, text and posters illustrating the role Irish women have played in the last twelve years. FUNCTION On Saturday evening in west Belfast, at a function held in the St. James' community centre for the feminist delegates from Britain, a woman IRA Volunteer (one of several armed Volunteers present) read out a statement, which said in part: We, the Volunteers of Oglaigh na hEireann. extend solidarity greetings to women involved in liberation struggles throughout the world We will ensure that when victory is ours, and it will be, that the women of Ireland will receive full and equal recognition in all aspects of Irish life. There are no avenues of advancement closed to women within the Irish Republican Army. We receive full and equal recognition. Any promotion in the ranks of this army will be gained by individual effort and courage. We ask nothing more and will accept nothing less. Petty prejudices and sexism are luxuries that we in the IRA cannot afford, nor do we want. Another Volunteer made a presentation of a bouquet of flowers to Greta Reel, whose eightieth birthday occurred last week, and who remains a dedicated and active member of the Beechmount Sinn Fein cumann. PICKET The following day, the picket of Armagh jail by busloads of supporters travelling from Belfast and Dublin became the focus of the weekend's activities. As in previous years, scores of RUC men cordoned off the main entrances to the jail, but, unperturbed and in high spirits, the crowd listened as solidarity messages were read out from support groups abroad. Several poems written by Armagh protestors were read out, and then a statement was read by Maria Mc Clenaghan, from Ardoyne in north Belfast recently released from Armagh after five years as a protest prisoner. She described the prison authorities' constant petty harassment of the women prisoners, and called for continued support until the five demands are achieved. Bernadette McAliskey attacked the mainstream women's movement in Ireland for its continuing reactionary attitude to the Armagh prisoners, which in turn aided and abetted British policy on Ireland. Adding that it was these prison ers who were the true champions of women's rights not those who adorned the polite tea parties of the women's political associations she said: We owe the prisoners an assurance that this struggle and the women's struggle will be further on when they walk out of Armagh. Victory must be theirs, not a victory which their grandchildren must fight for. The enthusiastic crowd dispersed after chanting out the name of each protesting prisoner, in deafening shouts that penetrated the grim, grey wall* of Armagh jail. International : Women's Day has been fittingly commemorated once again. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index acd982620..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -EASTER RISING 72ND ANNIVERSARY 1916 1988 1916 1916 POBLACHT NA H-EIREANN. TEI PBOTISIOKAL GOmMDBJT OP THE IRISH REPUBLIC n m mru or nium. IRISHMEN AND IRISHWOMEN: In the name of God and of the dead generations from which she receives her old tradition of nationhood, Ireland, through us, summons her children tov her flag and strikes for her freedom. ** Having organised and trained her manhood through her secret revolutionary organisation, the Irish Republican Brotherhood, and through her open military organisations, the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army, having patiently perfected her discipline, having resolutely waited for the right moment to reveal itself, she now seizes that moment, and supported by her exiled children in America and by gallant allies in Europe, but relying in the first on her own strength, she strikes in full confidence of victory. We declare the right of the people of Ireland to the ownership of Ireland, and to the unfettered control of Irish destinies, to be sovereign and indefeasable. The long usurpation of that right by a foreign people and government has not extinguished the right, nor can it ever be extinguished except by the destruction of the Irish people. In every generation the Irish people have asserted their right to national freedom and sovereignty; six times during the past three hundred years they have asserted it in arms. Standing on that fundamental right and again asserting it in arms in the face of the world, we hereby proclaim the Irish Republic as a Sovereign Independent State, and we pledge our lives and the lives of our comrades-in-arms to the cause of its freedom, of its welfare, and of its exaltation among the nations. ' The Irish Republic is entitled to, and hereby claims, the allegiance of every Irishman and Irishwoman. The Republic guarantees religious and civil liberty, equal rights and equal opportunities to all its citizens, and declares its resolve to pursue the happiness and prosperity of the whole nation and all of its parts, cherishing all the children of the nation equally, and oblivious of the differences carefully fostered by an alien Government, which have divided a minority from the majority in the past Until our arms have brought the opportune moment for the establishment of a permanent National Government, representative of the whole people of Ireland and elected by the suffrages of all her men and women, the Provisional Government, hereby constituted, will administer the civil and military affairs of the Republic in trust for the people. We place the cause of the Irish Republic under the protection of the Most High God, Whose blessing we invoke upon our arms, and we pray that no one who serves that cause will dishonour it'by cowardice, inhumanity, or rapine. In this supreme hour the Irish Nation must, by its valour and discipline and the readiness of its children to sacrifice themselves for the common good, prove Itself worthy of the august destiny to which it is called. Signed on behalf of the Provisional Government. SPONSORED BY RISH NORTHERN AID San Francisco Unit i - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index d2c419629..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page10/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Tomas Mac Donnchadha Thomas MacDonagh 03 o 00 OO X ha m O hd r w w 03 00 00 oo 3 T3 , re* 3 n gt; 3 SPONSORED BY COUNTY TIPPERARY N B ASSOCIATION and JIM AND HELEN GROGAN - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c8054b582..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page11/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -********** * ** ****************** ** ******** *********** j SEAN MAC AODHA Sean Heuston Born in Dublin in 1891, in 1908 he went to Limerick where he became a lianna Lireann organizer. Later in Dublin he joined Oglaigh na hEireann. Mac Aodha was a particular aggravation to the English. His skeletal garrison ol only twenty-six soldiers had battled against three to lour hundred troops. The enemy was incredulous at the strength ol the small garrison and indicted particularly vicious treatment on the men. Sean MacAodha was executed on May 8, 1916. EAMONN O DALAIGH A Limerick-born man of Fenian blood and a brother-in-law ol'Tomas O Clerigh. Lamonn O Dalaigh was a disciplined soldier. As commander-in-chief of the Dublin First Battalion during the Rising occupying the lour Courts he was of particular concern lo the enemy. With O Clerigh and Mac- Diarmada, he was singled out for special ill treatment. He was executed on May 4, 1916. SPONSORED BY SEAN ENRIGHT-LIMERICK MANHATTAN UNIT-INA CONCHUIR O COLBAIRD Con Colbert Conchuir O Colbaird was born in Limerick in 1888. His father was a Fenian who had taken part in the Rising of 1867. O Colbaird was one of the first to join the Manna Lireann, lounded by Couniess Markievicz. He joined the Gaelic League and became a member of the Irish Volunteers in 1913 and an instructor with his good iriend Sean Macvodha. Soon he- became an ollieer. He was in command ol the volunteeers in ihe Marrowbone Lane Distillery during ihe Laster Rising of 1916. Conchuir O Colbaird was executed in kilmainham Jail on May 8, 1916. IOSEPH Ci PLUINCEAD Joseph Mary Plunkett The youngest of the signatories, loseph O Pluincead, was born in Dublin in 1887. He was educated in Dublin and Stoneyhurst. From 1913 to 1914 he was owner- editor of thelrish Review. Interested in the arts, he was a ppet and assisted in the foundation of the Irish Theatre. O Pluincead was on the Military Council of the IRB and on the executive committee of the Volunteers. He traveled to Berlin in 1915 to arrange German aid. Although in bad health, he played his role actively in the Rising. He was court-martialed and married Grainne Gif- ford before his execution in Kilmainham. Executed on May 4,1916, saying these words: Father, I am very happy. I am dying for the glory of God and in the honor of Ireland. SPONSORED BY John Fogarty, County Tipperary - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c97042b35..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page12/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -E JO H a 3 00 00 oo os til 3 a, O til, Ph E 00 00 lt;o J Ph Countess Markievicz Constance Georgina Gore-Booth Markievicz COUNTESS MARKIEVICZ (1868-1927). Constance Georgina Gore-Booth, the eldest daughter of Sir Jocelyn and Lady Gore-Booth, of Lissadell, Co. Sligo, was born on February 4th, 1868, at Buckingham Gate, close by the Royal Palace in London. Her father was a wealthy benevolent landlord, of Protestant Anglo-Irish stock. Having spent her youth at Lissadell, at the age of eighteen she went to Paris to study art. There she met a Polish Count, Joseph Dunin Markievicz, whom she married, at St. Marylebone's Parish Church, in London in 1900. Having settled in Dublin, she met Padraic Pearse and Thomas MacDonagh, and became deeply involved in the national movement. She joined James Connolly's Citizen Army, and became known as The Rebel Countess . She founded Na Fianna Eireann, the national boy scout movement. In the Rising of 1916, she was Vice-Commandant to Michael Mallin, in the College of Surgeons Garrison at St. Stephen's Green. After the surrender she was sentenced to death. This was later commuted to penal servitude for life. She was released from Holloway Jail in the General Amnesty of 1917. She became a Catholic the same year, and was baptized at Holy Cross College. Having been elected in the General Election of 1918, she was appointed to the Ministry of Labour when Dail Eireann was set up in January 1919. To the end of her life she devoted herself to the welfare of the Irish people. She dispensed so much of her wealth to the poor of Dublin, that when she died in a public ward of Sir Patrick Duns Hospital, she was virtually penniless. She breathed her last at 1.25 a.m. on the morning of July 15th, 1927, by her bedside * was her daughter Maeve. She was laid in state in the Rotunda Cinema. The Free State Government had callously refused to give the Mansion House. Around her bier for two days and nights, her own boys of Na Fianna Eireann, had stood as guard of honour. Two of their comrades. Con Colbert of Limerick and Sean Heuston of Dublin, had been executed in 1916. Thousands came to pay homage, many in tears, not least amongst them, were the poverty-stricken people whom she had succoured so well. Ireland mourned one of her greatest heroines. Her greatness and her deeds shall not be forgotten. SPONSORED BY AN CUMANN CABHRACH BERGEN COUNTY, NEW JERSEY David Neeson, President Pete Quinn, Treasurer - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index cfcbb69e0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -c lt;u 6 a a 3 C/3 00 00 OS w W O w Oh v Ph Eamonn d Dalaigh Edward Daly A Limerick born man pf Fenian blood, an,d also a brother-in-law of Tomas O Cleirigh, Eamonn O Dalaigh was a disciplined soldier and commander-in-chief of the Dublin First Battalion during the Rising occupying the Four Courts He was of particular concern to the enemy. With O Cleirigh and Mac Diarmada, he was singled out for special ill treatment. He was court-martialed. It was said of him by a priest as he went to death: As I shook his hand for the last time I felt intensely all that was meant by marching out blindfolded to his death, such a gentle, noble, brave young Irishman. He was executed on May 4, 1916. CUSTOM ORDER AND HAND MADE WATCHES AND CLOCKS REPAIR AND RESTORATION HOUSE CALLS FOR CLO-. 1466 2ND AVE (77THSu NEW YORK, N.Y. 10021 212 535-8505 Padraic Mac Piarais Patrick Pearse Padraic Mac Piarais (1879-1916) was born in Dublin, the son of an English sculptor. His mother was Margaret Brady from County Meath. He was President of the Provisional Government of the Irish Republic, Commandant-General Commander-in-Chief of the army. In this capacity he led the Rising in 1916 and read the Proclamation outside the General Post Office in Dublin. At his Court-Martial he said: If our deed has not been sufficient to win freedom, our children will win it by a better deed. He was executed in Kilmainham Jail on May 3, 1916. SPONSORED BY COUNTY DERRYMEN'S S B ASSOCIATION - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5e4c32aeb..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -1/3 as a W o 5 W sa 00 OO r/3 c TI T2- T 3 Ol 3 Padraic Mac Piaras Patrick Pearse SPONSORED BY THE IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5c55f11de..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page4/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -EXECUTION British Style kiiiiuiiiinuin .urn C nun. a ni 1916 SPONSORED BY Mary Wilson, Irish People Mairead Farrell 1988 SPONSORED BY COUNTY LEITRIM SOCIETY Sean Mac Diarmada Sean MacDermott Sean Mac Diarmada (1886-1916) was born in Kiltyclogher, County Leitrim. He emigrated to Glasgow at the age of fifteen years. Returning to Belfast after a few years, he was sworn into the IRB in 1908, and transferred to Dublin, wh,ere he became a very close personal friend of Tomas O Cleirigh. He was appointed fulltime organizer for the IRB and Sinn Fein. In this capacity he traveled extensively throughout the country. In 1912 he contracted polio and thereafter walked only with the aid of a stick. He was a founder member of the Irish Volunteers in 1913, and later became a member of the Military council and provisional government. He fought in the General Post Office and was executed in Kilmainham Jail on May 12th. Like Sean Mac Diarmada, Leitrim native Brian (Barney) McKeon, has been subjected to British injustice in the form of imprisonment. Convicted on a charge of conspiracy, Barney originally faced nine charges ranging from conspiracy to gun running. It took three trials (with Barney forced to function as his own attorney in the final one) to put Barney behind bars on one flimsy charge. Barney is back home again with the loyal family who were unflinching in their support Barney McKeon, all of Leitrim salutes you and your fine family - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 4bf0103cd..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page5/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ - a . , gt;... ., ... .,,,-. . . - . - ,,,... aar.vjr.'ir,a C e o. 3 lt;/) 00 00 OS OS w w o W ffl C/3 MI Seamus d Conghaile James Connolly SPONSORED BY INTERNATIONAL UNION OF OPERATING ENGINEERS Local 30 Michael Hach, Business Manager - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1f235fe8a..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page6-7/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -c B 3. a, 3 CO oo 00 Os 3 w UJ Ph o w Ph PC 00 VO Oh WOMEN OF 1916 UNWELCOME PATRIOTS Z gt;y Mary Holt Moore The commandants of the various outposts of the Easter Rising reacted in different ways to the urgings of the women to join the insurgent forces. Many shared the traditional Catholic view that the women were only to serve in an auxiliary capacity, viz., first aid stations and cooking. The women of Cumann na mBan had spent the week prior to Easter Sunday making up endless medical kits as a preparation for a route march on Easter Sunday. Many suspected that the march would signal the beginning of a rebellion. When Eoin MacNeill ordered the cancellation of all demonstrations and parades because of the failed delivery of arms at Tralee, everything was thrown into confusion. The leadership decided to overrule Mac Neill and sent couriers throughout the countryside. However, they did not notify the women. Maire nic Shiubhlaigh went to the Ceannt home, where Aine Ceannt and her sister, Lilly O'Brennan (both executive members of Cumann na mBan), told Maire to ignore the countermanding order and to prepare to meet them the next day. It was thanks to the heroic work of the women couriers that the Rising was saved from utter confusion. Nora Connolly was the first to become a courier. She and Eilis ni Chorra brought word of the chaotic state of affairs to the Military Council in Dublin. The women were given a copy of the Proclamation to memorize and sent back to the North to inform all that the Rising had begun and all preparations were to continue as planned. Maire Perolz was sent to Cork to reach Tomas MacCurtain, Eily O'Hanrahan went to Ennis- corthy, Nancy Wyse Power to Barris, and others to Tralee, Waterford and Dundalk. Everything was in confusion. Maire nic Shiubhlaigh and six women went to Jacob's Biscuit Factory when she convinced Thomas MacDonagh of the essential role of women; Eilis ni Riain reported to Palmerston Place. Courts refused to go home. Pearse, Connolly, and Clarke, on hearing of the women's frustration, sent out word to all units and the women were installed at all major outposts. THE ONLY COMMANDANT TO STEADFASTLY REFUSE THE WOMEN WAS EAMON deVALERA IN BOLAND'S MILL. Helena Moloney and the women of the Citizens' Army Ambulance Corps joined a contingent, ten men and nine women, and launched an attack on Dublin Castle. Helena was a good friend of Sean Connolly. Dr. Kathleen Lynn, Medical Officer, attended the dying Sean Connolly. As the ranking officer, she surrendered the tiny garrison. Countess de Markievicz and fifteen women were at Stephen's Green. Madeline ffrench-Mullen supervised the first-aid post under Michael Mallin. Margaret Skinnider served as sniper. She was a member of the Glasgow Cumann na mBan and was a crack shot at the Glasgow Rifle Club. She was badly wounded while taking part in an attack on a house behind the Russell Hotel on the Green. Margaretta Keogh was killed in the South Dublin Union while attempting to help a wounded Volunteer. Louise Gavan Duffy, G.P.O., was delegated to take the wounded to Jervis Street Hospital. Twenty-six women were with Eamon Ceannt's forces in the Marrowbone Lane Distillery. Con Colbert, one of the Fianna Boys, was left in charge while Ceannt was at the South Dublin Unioa Rose McNamara, Officer- in-Charge of the Cumann na mBan, led the women to surrender. They were taken to Richmond Barracks and then to Kilmainham jail. Thirty-four women went originally to the GPO. Twenty were persuaded to leave. Eleven helped to evacuate the wounded. Three women stayed behind Winifred Carney, James Connolly's secretary, Elizabeth O'Farrell, who carried the white flag of surrender, and Julia Grennan. Irish Citizen Army Women imprisoned: Brigid Foley and Marie Perolz, released in June; Nell Ryan in the autumn; Winifred Carney and Helena Moloney, Christmas, 1916. Countess Marklievicz was courtmar- tialled, condemned to death and sent to Aylesbury. Vol Josephine O'Bwyer in uniform A MOTHER SPEAKS Dear Mary, that didst see thy first-born Son Go forth to die amid the scorn of men For whom He died, Receive my first-born son into thy arms, Who also hath gone out to die far men, And keep him by thee till I come to him. Dear Mary, I have shared thy sdrrow, And soon shall share thy joy. P. H. PEARSE tann na mBan and the Irish Citizen Army who took part in the Faster Rising NURSE MARGARET KEOUGH When the British opened fire on the Volunteers in the South Dublin Union, many of the convalescing patients were strolling in the grounds. The nurse in charge, Nurse Margaret Keogh, became anxious for their safety. She rushed down the stairs to the exit of Building 6 and, on opening the door, was fired on by two British soldiers and fell mortally wounded. This action was uncalled for because they ; could see her uniform. Commandant Eamonn Ceannt said that Nurse Keogh ws the first martyr and asked the Volunters to remember so. She was buried in the hospital grounds, but later her remains were transferred for reburial in Ballinab- rannagh, Co. Carlow. CUMANN NA MBAN IRISH REPUBLICAN PRISONERS 1916 3 6 4 gt; fr 3 00 OO 00 OS 3 til til Ph O til Ph a: C/3 I CO oo Barrett, Kitty Brady, Bridget Brown, Kate Brown, Martha Byrne, Eileen Byrne, Katie Byrne, Mary Carron, May Cooney, Annie Cooney, Eileen Cooney, Lily Cosgrave, Marcella Davis, Bridget Ennis, Elen Fleming, Kathleen Gahan, May Goff, Bridget Grennan, Julia Hackett, Roseanne Hegarty, Bridget Humphreys, Ellen Humphreys, Sheila Joyce, Maggie Kelly, Kitty Kelly, Josephine Kelly, Martha Kennedy, Margaret Kenny, Bridy Liston, Catherine Liston, Mary Lyons, Bridget Lynch, Bessie Maher, Kathleen Markham, Pauline Martin, Kate McCauley, Julia McGowan, Josephine McLaughlin, Maggie McNamara, Rose McNamee, Agnes Mead, Florence Mitchell Caroline Mullally, Rose Muhall, Lizzie Murphy, Kathleen Murtagh, Bridget Norgrove, Annie Norgrove, Edely O'Brennan, Lily O'Daly, Nora O'Flaherty, Margaret O'Hanlan, Sheila OKeeffe, Emily OKeeffe, Josephine O'Moore, May O'Sullivan, Louisa Partridge, Mary Quigley, Maria Quigley, Priscilla Retz, Barbara Seery, Kathleen Shanahan, Jane Spicer, Josephine Sullivan, Mary Treston, Catherine Source: Sinn Fein Rebellion Handbook Easter 1916, compiled by the Weekly Irish Times, Dublin, 1917, 286 pp. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 9566aa679..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page8/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -y / Tomas d Cleirigh Thomas Clarke SPONSORED BY COUNTY TYRONE SOCIETY a lt;o E lt;u a a 3 00 00 00 Os a til til Ph o w Ph X 00 00 00 lt;u oo eC Ph QfxCfkefk - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 346cbbabd..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1988-04-02 Irish People, Easter Rising/page9/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -y Ruairi Mac Easmainn Roger Casement Roger Casement was born in Sandycove, Co. Dublin in 1864. He joined the British consular service and served in posts throughout Africa and later in South America. He gained an international reputation for his exposes of the mistreatment of native workers in the Belgian Congo and of Indians in Peru. For this humanitarian work he was knighted by England in 1911. On his return to Ireland, he dedicated himself entirely to the Republican movement His important work for Ireland was done in the United States and in Germany where he sought help in men and arms for the Irish cause. He was attempting to bring arms from Germany when he was captured at Banna Strand, Co. Kerry on Good Friday, 1916. He was hanged in Pentonville Prison, London, on August 3, 1916. SPONSORED BY HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT UNIT IRISH NORTHERN AID COMMITTEE a 03 OP n gt; 00 00 a: ffl O r w w 03 00 00 00 c -a H. cT 3 n gt; 3 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 400b373cc..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31.1992 CLINTON REAFFIRMS IRISH STANCE With little more than a week remaining until the Presidential election, Democratic candidate Bill Clinton reiterated his strong pro-Irish stance, first taken last April at the Irish American Issues Forum. Clinton, in a strongly worded statement read by former Connecticut Congressman Bruce Morrison, pledged support for a special envoy to meet with all parties to the conflict, supported the MacBride Principles, and demanded safeguards against British Crown forces' violence and collusion with loyalist paramilitaries. Clinton's statement was cheered by Irish Americans, including members of Irish Northern Aid, at a Clinton-Gore rally held on October 23rd,in New York. Clinton's position has already been strongly criticized by the British government. Clinton noted, The lasting contributions of the Irish- American community are what have helped make this country strong. Ireland has given so much to our country, we owe a special debt in return. We commend the Democratic leaders in Congress who acted to end the history of discrimination against Ireland and other nations in our immigration laws. And we will work to ensure that political considerations do not hinder the workings of our courts in asylum cases. SPECIAL ENVOY Clinton then referred to the current round of negotiations taking place in Ireland and said, A Clinton Administration will take a more active role in working with the leaders in these nations to achieve a just and lasting setdement of the conflict. A permanent and peaceful solution to the crisis in northern Ireland can only be achieved if the underlying causes of the strife and instability are dealt with vigorously, fairly and within a time-frame that guarantees genuine, substantial, and steady progress. I believe that appointment of a US special envoy to northern Ireland could be a catalyst Bill Clinton in the effort to secure a lasting peace. MACBRIDE Turning to the MacBride Principles, Clinton said, We believe that the British government must do more to oppose the iob discrimination tha* u ? ? unemployment levels tw and a half times higher for Catholic workers in Protestant workers. There can be no lastly setdement in northern Ireland until such discrimination is ended. The MacBride Principles set forth appropriate guidelines for investment to help achieve these goals. About the British shoot-to-kill policy and collusion, the candidate said, We also believe that the British government must establish effective safeguards against the wanton use of lethal force and against xaiuici collusion between h? ec?*ri v fsic forces and Protestant paramilitary groups. The Democratic frontrunner in the race for the White House is on a collision course with Britain over his Irish policy. If he wins the presidential poll on November 3rd, it could rupture the special relationship between Britain and the United States. Mr. Clinton* s candidacy has been backed by Sinn l;6in president (ierry Adams. Mayor of Boston Raymond Flynn has campaigned widely for Mr. Clinton among Irish Americans, building support for the governor's position on Ireland. Mr. Flynn described the role Of a United Slates special peace envoy to northern Ireland as an Impartial broker who would help spur on a genuine peace process. Mr Hynn was named as a possible choice for the position by Mr. Clinton at a New York lundraising event at tlie weekend. The envoy plan has been coolly received by Secretary of State Patrick Mayhew. lie was quoted in the London Independent las week as saying, We do not need a peace envoy, thank you very much, adding tersely, What we need is a setdement as a result of the talks process. SINN FEIN Sinn F6in President Gerry Adams, commenting on Presidential candidate Governor Bill Clinton's statement on the conflict in Ireland, said, I welcome Governor BUI Clinton's commitment to promote theall-importantobjectiveof peace in Ireland by addressing the causes of the conflict so as to eradicate them. The British government's refusal to do that in the current talks is the clearest indication possible that creating the conditions which make peace possible is not on its agenda.. GovernorClinton'sacknowledgmentof the British government's wanton use of lethal force in its shoot-to-kill policy and of the collusion between British forces and loyalist murder gangs is a welcome censure of the British government by a major international political figure. Likewise, Governor Clinton's support for the MacBride Principles is welcome and necessary additional political pressure from the United States on the British government to adopt effective measures to eradicate disc imination in employment, an issue upon which, as the recently leaked DED documents demonstrate, current policy and legislation has had no significant positiveimpact. Irish Northern Aid and the IRISH PEOPLE Newspaper had previously endorsed Governor Clinton. muiMHiiiMiiMm i am, - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 03928c5d8..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 10 British Army Sergeant A sergeant in the Royal Irish Regiment and formerly an RUC member was shot dead by the IRA on Tuesday, October 20th. The man was killed in Rasharkin in County Antrim. The IRA, claiming responsibility for the shooting, said that they had liad the sergeant under close observation for a considerable period of time. The 40-year-old RIR sergeant was later named as Robert Irvine, a member of the RUC before joining die British army. FURTHER ATTACKS IN LONDON Continuing its intensive bombing campaign in the British capital, the IRA caused widespread disruption with three explosives in 1 ,ondon in the past week. The first two explosions went off in the early hours of Monday morning, October 19th, causing extensive damage to a hotel and city-center bar. Tlie first device exploded at 12.40 a.m. outside the Novotel I lotcl in 1 lammersmith, west London. In this attack, the Metropolitan police again refused to evacuate the building despite a clear and explicit warning from the IRA's active service unit. Over 6(X) persons were in tlie hotel when the device exploded and were described by witnesses afterwards as being Shocked and disgusted at noi being told by the London police of the IRA wanting. In the second attack, a fair in London's West End was damaged when another device exploited around 1.30 a.m. The Comedy bar, and surrounding buildings near I eu ester Square, were damaged in the blast. As in the Hammersmith blast, a warning was relayed to a local radio station. A worker in anearby cafe, Joseph Latouche, described the explosion. There was a big bang. I thought it must be a big bomb, because it shook the building, but I heard later there was only one to one-and-a-half pounds of explosives. The IRA statement, issued in Dublin from die Irish Republican Publicity Bureau and signed P, O'NciH , claimed responsibility for the attacks, saying: Active service units of die IRA placed the two devices which exploded in London in die early hours of yesterday morning. k'Again with yesterday's blasts, British police failed to clear target areas in spite of having received specific warnings autlienticatedwidirecognizedcodewords. The IRA said that British police policy had resulted in recent injuries and in the tragic deadi of David Heffer. IRA warnings were not being passed on by police in order to 'minimize die disruption caused by bomb and hoax bomb attacks. This policy should end before there are further tragic consequences. On Wednesday, October 21st, at 4.40 p.m., a bomb exploded near Silver Street British Rail station in North London, The explosion on the railroad line over the bridge on die network Southeast line caused severe disruption to the Liverpool Street lines. The IRA said diat Constabulary had earlier failed to act on a warning: ln spile of repeated phone calls to a number of London radio static mis. British police have failed to act on authenticated warnings that our Volunteers have placed a bomb on tlie railway line at Four Bridges on the North Circuhtr Road, London. This latest incident again underlines the reckless and cynical policy being pursued by British officials. These explosions brought to eleven the number of bombs detonated in the British capital in less than two weeks. CROWN FORCES PATROLS UNDER FIRE The IRA's Belfast Brigade have claimed responsibilty for several operations in the city which have kept British forces pinned down and on the move. As Belfast city center continued to resemble a ancient fortified city, with thousands of British crown forces criss-crossing each other*s patrols, transport and commercial targets were hit hard. Saturday, October 10th, saw IRA Volunteers engaging a British mobile patrol in the Twinbrook area on the outskirts of West Belfast. Three British soldiers were injured when an impact grenade exploded on top of their armored personnel carrier. The IRA attack was conducted with devastating accuracy. This method of attack has resulted in these British carriers being fitted with more and more armor to protect the crews. The IRA statement continued by giving details of a gun attack at the crown forces barracks in the Oldpark Road in north Belfast on Thursday evening, October 16th. Before the attack, IRA Volunteers assembled at a number of positions around die barracks to wait for a British foot and mobile patrol which earlier had been moving through die Ardoyne area. At approximately 10 p.m., as the enemy forces approached tlie barracks, two Volunteers opened up with automatic rifles. At this point the British mobile patrol raced into the barracks closely followed by the badly shaken foot- patrol. There was no return fire, and all Volunteers withdrew from the barracks perimeter, evading British reinforcements moving cautiously into tlie area A large hotel at the corner of Botanic Avenue and University Street beside Belfast's 'golden mile' was the target of a 250-lb IRA car bomb in the early hours of Monday morning, October 19th. IRA Volunteers in the south of the city loaded the explosives into the commandeered car and drove it to the busy road junction, where it was parked outside the main entrance of Dukes Hotel. Because it was known that there were guests staying in the hotel, a 50- minute warning was given to allow those inside to be evacuated safely. British army technical officers later disarmed the detonating mechanism with two small explosions. Rail traffic was seriously disrupted throughout Monday night and most of Tuesday, October 2oth, following another bomb attack in south Belfast. Volunteers exploded a device on the tine between Belfast Central and Botanic Stations and then withdrew from the track. Keeping the line under observation, the Volunteers waited for a considerable time for the crown forces to arrive. When they failed to appear, the Volunteers dispersed and it was only with daylight and dozens of foot and mobile patrols that the British forces moved into the area. DUNGANNON INCENDIARY ATTACKS Volunteers of Oglaigh na hEireann operating in the large market town of Dungannon, County Tyrone, carried out two commercial bomb attacks on Thursday, October 8th. The two blasts went off in Scotch Street, one of the town's main thoroughfares which runs off the town square, scene of recent IRA bomb attacks on the Northern and Ulster Banks and other commercial premises. Two blast incendiary bombs were placed in two shops. Both bombs detonated, causing 3/4 million pounds worth of damage. The IRA statement emphasized that ''despite claims by the SDLP that this was a sectarian attack, this is not in fact true, as one of the shops targeted v/as ov/ned by a Catholic and this was purely a commercial attack . IRA Blasts London and Bangor A massive Irish Republican Army bomb exploded in the center of Bangor late last Wednesday, causing extensive damage in the town. The Royal Ulster Constabulary admitted that 20 minutes before the blast the 1R liad given a warning to protect civilians The warnings were phoned to the Samaritans and Downtown Radio No one was hurt, The device went off in Lower Main Street, and the sound was heard inoie than 15 miles away Hie street is the main commercial and Shopping center of the town and close to the the scafioni and the town's manna. WellwotthS store seemed to have taken the till force oi the blast Rubble was strewn across the street and windows were broken all over the town RUC communication lines were disrupted tor a tune A fleet oi ambulances and lire engines were reported to be 00 stand-by, bin they were not called in The area was sealed off hv CfOWn forces as bomb disposal experts checked for further devices the explosion was die first in tlie loyalist town m 12 years. London Meanwhile m London, three bombs, believed to be part of an IRA campaign, exploded last Wednesday Hie bombs went off amid claim and counter-claim between the Metropolitan constables and the IRA over the warnings. The IRA holed that its warnings were being ignored by die Met ami described the constables* action as *reckless, The Met denied the charge, though it admitted it had received warnings trom the (iardai about bombs in the British Bangor after the IRA strike capital an hour before a blast at Edmonton. The IRA statement, issued in Dublin, Said warnings tad been telephoned to radio stations an hour before devices were due to gQ off. but that they had not been acted upon The 1R A said, Our volunteers carried xHit blasts at two locations 00 the London rail network and at a British army military base ni I ondon. Attacks such as these will continue until Britain declares its intention to withdraw trom northeast Ireland. We would again under linedie tact demonstrated by the Ldmonton blast that the British authorities' policy of ignoring warnings is thus enefctngering civilian lives. Scotland Yard said it had received no such warnings and asked to comment later would only add, We are not prepared to discuss that at this stage. At a news conference later, Scotland Yard's chief angrily defended his force's handling of the Ldmonton blast claiming constables could not have acted any quicker. Commander George Churchill-Coleman confirmed that die Gardaf has passed on a warning about the bomb. The Ldmonton blast happened at about 4:40 p.m., at the height of the rush hour. Three passengers on a passing train were hurt by debris when e bomb exploded at a road overpass, but no one was seriously injured. The second bomb went off four hours later. Three persons suffered minor injuries when it exploded, near the Territorial Army center in Hammersmith. Soon after that, a third bomb went off at a railroad line at Harrow Road in Harlesdcn. After the Fxlmonton bombing, a two- mile stretch of the nearby North Circular Road was closed and several adjoining Streets sealed off, bringing traffic chaos to the area. Rail passengers also suffered delays when a number of trains were rerouted The British Territorial Army members were taken to Charing Cross Hospital after being slighdy hurt in die Hammersmith explosion. There were no reports of any casualties in die third blast, which happened at 9:10 p.m. under Harrow Road bridge in I Iarlesden High Street. Two feet of rail is missing, and there is damage to trie bridge/' said a British Rail spokesman, adding that no train was on die track at the time. Mr. Churchill-Coleman described die IRA's claim that their bomb warnings had been ignored as part of a plot to make die crown look confused, incompetent arid inept. He said that a recognized IRA codeword had been used on 61 occasions since last February. Bombs had exploded 22 limes, two others were made safe, and 37 calls were hoaxes. Each call was designed to confuse, mislead and disrupt us here in the capital The following day, British Prime Minister John Major said in the House of Commons that the IRA would be defeated. He was forced to address the issue. Responding to a question from Andrew Hunter, the Conservative MP for Basingstoke, about the IRA's series of attacks in Ixmdon, Major said the fight against die ERA was a priority Major's comments echoed those of previous British prime ministers who had failed to de feat the IRA. The Von e oi Irish Repcrih asism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5a21b97bd..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPI PAGE 11 PRONUNCIATION REVIEW Pronounce an s near a *o or u like me American sound, with lips relaxed. This is the broad s sound. Do not tense the lips as in the English sound. Practice on: si s6, su, saor (say*r), saoi (see), samhradh (SOU-ruh), saibhir (SEYE-vir), sac (sank), sabhail (suh-VWAW*-il), slat (slaht), smal (smaw*l), smaoineamh (SMWEEN-uhv), smuta (SMUT-uh), snas (snahs),sp6rt(spohrt),Sp inn(SPAW*-in), spraoi (spree), stad (stahd), strapa (STRAH- puh), str6 (stroh). Pronounce an Irish s as (sh) when it is next to an e or an i , and also when sc , si , sn , and st are next to the e or i . Examples:s6, sf, sean (shan), seift (sheft), sin, sceal (shkay*l), slf (shlee), sneachta (SHNAHK*-tuh), stfl (SHTEEL), leisce (LESH-ke), uaisle (WISH-le), misniuil (mish-NYOO-il), 6isteacht (AY*SH-tyahk*t). If the combinations sm , sp , sr , or str are next to e or i , pronounce the s as (s), the broad sound described above. Memorize these examples: smig (smig), chin; spgir (spay*r), sky; srian (SREE-uhn), bridle; strfoc (streek), streak, stripe. is is an exception, too. Pronounce it (is), never (ish) or (iz). Irish has no (z) sound. GRAMMAR In the future tense, the saorbhriathar (say*r-VREE-huhr) or free form expresses ideas such as It will be put on the table or Someone will put it on the table . In Irish, diis is: Cuirfear ar an mbord 6 (KIR-fuhr er un MOHRD ay*). Note that the V is pronounced (0 here. In other future forms, you pronounce it (h), as in Cuirfidh m (KIR-hee may*) ar an mbord 6:; I will place it on the table. The rest of the saorbhriathar forms in the future are: Nf chuirfear (K*IR-fuhr) ar an mbord 6. An gcuirfear (un GIR-fulir) ar an mbord ? Nach gcuirfear (nach* GIR-fuhr) ar an mbord 6? Ni aspirates here,and an and nach eclipse. For a two-syllabled second-conjunction verb, such as ceannaigh (KAN-ee), buy, the future forms are: Ceann6far 6 (kan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will be bought. Nf cheann6far 6 (nee hyan-OH-fuhr ay*), it will not be bought. An gceann6far 61 (un gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), will it be bought? Nach gceann6far 6? (nahk* gyan-OH-fuhr ay*), won't someone buy it? Others from this group: Oscl6far 6 (ohsk-LOH-fuhray*), someone will open it. Cosn6far 6 (kuhs-NOH-fuhr ay*), it will be defended. Freag6far 6 (frag-ROH-fulir ay*), someone will answer it. Baileofar 6 (balil-YOH-fuhray*), someone will collect it. Inseofar d6 6 (in-SHOH-fulir doh ay*), it will be told to him. Notice that an extra e is inserted sometimes. This makes spelling consistent so diat you know whether a letter gets its broad or slender sound. For example, without the V to help, you would not know whether insofar was (in-SOH-fuhr)or(in- SHOH-fulir). DRILL With die examples: An gcuirfear an mala sa charr? (un GIR-fuhr un MAW*-lali suli K* AHR), Will the bag be put into the car? Nf chuirfear an mala sa charr, The bag wont be put into the car. Nach gcuirfear an mala sa charr? Cuirfear an mala sa charr. Go through progressive drills with diese word groups: Bris (brish), break; an cupan ar an urlar, the cup on die floor. Feic (fek), see; an cailfn sin amarach (uh-MAW*-rahk*), that girl tomorrow. P6s (pons), marry; Sean le Sfle (SI DEE- lull). Crfochnaigh (KRJtE-uhk*-nee), finish; an obair seo, diis work. Mfnigh (MEEN-ee), explain; an fhadhb (eyeb), the problem. Key: An mbrisfear an cupan ar an urlar? Nf bhrisfear . Nach mbrisfear ? Brisfear . An bhfeicfear (VHK-fuhr) ? Nf fheicfear (nee H-fuhr) . Nach bhfeicfear ? Feicfear . An gcriochnofar (greek*-NOH-fuhr) ? Nf chrfochn6far . Nach gcrfochn6far ? Crfochnofar -. An mfneofar ? Nf mhfneofar (veen-YOH-fuhr) . Nach mfneofar ? Mfneofar . COMHRA (KOH-raw*) (Success appears imminent, as the modified aerial is emplaced.) Blathnaid (BLAW*-nid): Cuirfear an poll trfd an doras go luath (KIR-fuhr un poul treed un DUH-ruhs goh LOO-uli). The hole will he put through the door soon. Pol (pohl): Ta s6 criochnaithe anois (KREli-uhk*-nuli-he uh-NISH). It's finished now. Tabhair doin :ui tsreang mhiotail(r(X)-irduhmuntrangVI-til),m lt;ls 6 do thoil 6 (MAW* shay* dull HDL ay*). Give me the metal wire, please. Blathnaid: Seodhuit, a Ph6il (shuh git, uh FOl I-i). Saigh amach f trf pholl an dorais (SAW*-ee uh-MAHK* ee tree foul un DlJII-rish). Here it is, Paul. Stick it out through the door-hole. Pol: Anois, ta orainn an tsreang a ChlOChadh ar thaobh an thoirgnimh seo (uh-NISH, taw* OH-rin un trang uh K*ROIIK*-uh er HAY*V un IR-gi-niv shuh). Now, we have to hang the wire on the side of this building. Blathnaid: Bufochas le Dia. Craolfar (KRA Y*I gt;-fuhr) ciar alanm anocht (klaw*r AW*-lin uh-NOIIK*T). Thank heaven. A beautifulprogramwillhe broadcast tonight. 1w lt;tt7ryfirv/tmytY The Curse of Cromwell The Wexford Massacre In August 1649, Oliver Cromwell, the new head of the English Commonwealth, arrived in Ireland with a large army. His main objects were to bring the country under the complete subjugation of the English Parliament, to confiscate and redistribute land under the Adventurers Act of 1642, and to seek retribution for the deaths of Protestant settlers which were alleged to have taken place during the Rising of 1641. The campaign of genocide planned by this exemplar of human cruelty is too terrible to describe, and candid expression cannot find words suitable for even everyday circles. Cromwell advanced swiftly. He marched north and stormed the town of Drogheda, where in a general massacre some 3,500 persons were put to the sword. Three months after the coming of Cromwell, the great Irish general Owen Roe O' Neill was poisoned and died at Cloughoughton Castle in Cavan. This exposed all Ireland to the English Attila, who coldly told his soldiers, Nits will never be lice, to justify the slaughter of Irish infants. After Drogheda, Cromwell turned and swept southward to Wexford. Two thousand were butchered there. Lingard, in his history of England, says: Wexford was abandoned to the mercy of the assailants. No distinction was made between the defenseless inhabitants and the armed soldiers, nor could the shrieks and prayers of three hundred females who had gathered round the great cross in the marketplace preserve them from the swords of these ruthless barbarians. No more illuminating light could be thrown upon the extraordinary attitude of Britain toward Ireland, through all the centuries, than the sentiments of the great Englishman Carlyle upon the coldest-blooded butcher of all the butchers by whom Ireland has been afflicted throughout the centuries. Oliver Cromwell came as a soldier of God the just, terrible as death, relentless as doom, doing God's judgments on the enemies of God... It was the first King's face that poor Ireland ever saw, the first friend's face. Since this was the attitude of the masses of the English people, there is no reason for being surprised at the attitude toward Ireland of the mass of the British people. They knelt around the cross divine Tlie matron and the maid; They bowed before Redemption's sign, And fervently they prayed; Three hundred fair and helpless ones, Whose crime was this alone- Their valiant husbands, sires and sons Had battled for their own. Had battled bravely, but in vain- The Saxon won the fight; The Irish corpses strewed the plain Where Valour slept with Right. And now that man of demon guilt To fated Wexford flew- The red blood reeking on his hilt, Of hearts to Erin true. He found them there-the young, the old, The maiden, and the wife; Their guardians brave in death were cold Who dared for them the strife. They prayed for mercy-God on high Before Thy cross they prayed, And ruthless Cromwell bade them die To glut the Saxon blade Three hundred fell-the stifled prayer Was quenched in woman's blood; Nor youth nor age could move to spare Erom slaughter's crimson flood. But nations kept a stern account Of deeds that tyrants do; And guiltless blood to Heaven will mount And Heaven avenge it, too SHANNON TRAVEL SERVICE INC. Aer Ling us to Shannon Dublin Tours and Cruises Worldwide COMPETITIVE FARES 76-11 37th Avenue Jackson Heights, NY 11372 Bridie McManus Joe Whelan (718) 639-0667 (718) 639-7530 The Voice of Irish Republicanism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 66d4d4ccf..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 12 Albany INA Testimonial Dinner John Sweeney receives award from State AFL- Cl() President Ed Cleary INA Dinner Held in Troy The 2nd annual New York State Irish Northern Aid testimonial was held October 17th at Mario's Restaurant in Troy, New York, hosted by the Dan McCann unit, Capital District INA. Nearly 300 supporters remembered the British butchery of Bloody Sunday and honored five people for their courage and leadership in the struggle for Irish peace and justice. Accepting the James Heaney Award, Congressman Gary Ackerman related his encounter with a British diplomat on the Capitol steps shortly alter his announcement that he would be happy to provide Joe Doherty with a job as part of his bail condition. How would it feel to work with a convicted murderer in your office? inquired the diplomat. Responded the Congressman, How does it feel to work in the British 1 Embassy with murderers with no convictions? John Sweeney, international president of tlie Service Employees Union, invoked tlie spirit of James Connolly in accepting the award named for him, which Maureen McKenna Armstrong, former editor of the Irish People and recipient of the Maud Cionne MacBride Award, recalled her own encounters with the forces of tlie crown, in all of which she prevailed .The audience was equally touched by the lifelong sacrifices and dedicationof Joe Mitchell and Joe McIIale, who received the Thomas McGuire and Liam Ryan Awards respectively. Award presenters included Edward Cleary, NY State President AFL-CIO, Nc w Y ork Assemblyman Joe Crowley, and Bob McCann, Martin Calvin and Paul Murray, National INA leaders. Prominent Albany attorney Robert Roche was again master of ceremonies. Also on the dais were Albany INA I Jnit head Denis Mciadden, Chaplain Fr. James Hayes and dinner co- chairpersons Michael Cummings and Patsy Mulvey. Dr. John McCrath, vice president of Mercy (Jollege and professor of law, gave an inspiring keynote address which included a scholarly confirmation of the legitimacy of the armed struggle for freedom when all other peaceful means have failed. ( gt;-chairpersons Michael Cummings and Patsy Mulvey announced that they are already hard at work planning next year* s New York State INA testimonial. Joe Mcliale receives award from Martin Galvin Maureen McKenna Armstrong and Bob McCann I hi Voice oi Irish Repcrucasism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e33ef9bf4..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 13 Fury Over Mandela IRA Comments on British Television A storm of controversy has arisen after African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela, in an interview broadcast on British television, described the Irish Republican Army as being engaged in a fight against colonialism by a foreign country So embarrassing were the comments that the Dublin government's Foreign Minister David Andrews has been urged to devote his upcoming visit to South Africa to challenging Nelson Mandela to withdraw his comments. Tlie ANC defended Mandela but, mindful of the support which it receives from a wide range of Irish, including government officials and public celebrities opposed to tlie IRA, issued a statement that Mr. Mandela's statements cannot be construed as support for the IRA. The controversy began when Mr. Mandela was interviewed by rock star turned TV talk show host Bob Geldof. Geldof, a vocal critic of die IRA and heretofore an ardent admirer of the ANC leader, was visibly angered when his guest said that The IRA are conducting a struggle for self-assertion. They do not want Britain, a foreign country, to run a country. Geldof angrily voiced his objections to Mandela's statement, saying that But a majority of our people do. Mandela, who had served 27 years in the Nelson Mandela maximum-security prison at Robben Island for his leadership role in attempting to organize a military overthrow of tlie apartheid regime, responded that There are large numbers of people who do not believe in what wc say. Nevertheless, we're convinced that what we are saying i s correct. Catholics now make up more than 40 percent of northeast Ireland population even though official figures at first seem to indicate otherwise. When those who failed to respond to a census question about religion are taken into account, Catholics appear certain to make up more than two fifths of the people living in northeast Ireland. Published last week, the 1991 census summary report puts the Catholic population at 606,639, or 38.4 percent. In 1981, 414,532 stated their religion as Catholic. The 1991 report shows in northeast Ireland there are 336,891 Presbyterians, 279,280 people belonging to the Church of Ireland and 59,517 Methodists. Those figures represent a fall, by some 8,000-in the number of Presbyterians since 1981, but slight increases in the number of followers of the Church of England and Methodists. Of the 122,448 people in die 1991 report who said they belong to other denominations, 19484 are Baptist, 12,446 Brethren, 12,386 Protestant and 12,363 Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster. For tlie first time there was an opportunity for people to say they belonged to no religion 59,234 did so. Although totals, as expected, show no dramatic change since the last census a decade ago, it would now seem the number of Catholics has edged above the 40 percent mark. Some politicians have traditionally looked at that figure as a significant benchmark in terms of predicting a shift in the religious balance within Northern Ireland. Any startling change, however, would appear highly unlikely given a general trend in Ireland towards a decline in Catholic family size. Due to this factor, and others, experts have in the past ruled out pronounced increases and decreases in the overall population, or in the numbers belonging to any particular religion. Applying a formula used to codify people who did not state their religion in returns, tlie Catholic population in January 1981 was out somewhere between 38.5 and 39.2 percent. Problems in calculating 1981 returns were compounded by a boycott is support of republican prisoners in the H-Blocks and that year's hunger strike. A census taker was shot dead in Derry. Demographic experts who studied the 1971 figures, when there was also an anti- census protest, estimated about 57 percent of those who did not state their religion were Catholics. Applying their formula in 198 would have put the Catholic population between 517,026and589,026.Thefigurespubiished showed 114,827 people 7.8 percent of the population did not respond to the religion question. ExacUy how many of those are Catholic is difficult to determine. In 198, some 275,000 people 18.5 percent of the population refused to answer the question about religion. In 1971, 9.4 percent did not return the forms. A key figure not included in the summary concerns the birth rates of those belonging to a particular religion. Generally regarded as a more accurate indicator of the long term balance it will be dealt with in a report relating specifically to Northern Ireland's religious composition due to be published in 1993. We don't want any form of colonialism, and wherever it is, we support those who fight it. People I have a right to self-expression. I When Geldof raised thequestionot innoeenteivilians getting caught up in the campaign, Mandela replied that In any conflict, some people will be hit by crossfire. It has happened throughout history. The interview unleashed a wave of criticism from public figures, including those who in the very recent past were only ioo happy to jump on the bandwagon to praise the 76-year-old leader tor his lifelong struggle against apartheid. Establishment politicians attempted to limit the influence of Mr. Mandela's comments without appearing to being too critical of Mr. Mandela personally but ended up insulting or patronizing him. Most tried to take tlie view that Mandela is in some way ignorant about the situation in Ireland. For example, Dublin mayorGay Mitchell described Mr. Mandela, who was granted tlie Freedom of the City of Dublin, as misinformed and arrogant. He urged Dublin Foreign Minister David Andrews to confront Mandela directly during an upcoming visit to South Africa. Proinsias De Rossa said that Mandela was dangerously misinformed, The condemnations echo similar reactions from the same sources last year when in Dublin Mandela urged dialog including the 1R An gt; bring tlie conflict in tlie North to a peaceful resolution. Mandela's comments come against a background of longstanding revelations that the South African intelligence services have been supplying weapons to various loyalist paramilitary gangs, especially the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF), and had contracted out to a loyalist hit squad an assassination attempt on a South African dissident living in England. Mandela's comments have a political as well as practical basis. It is well known that the loyalist political and paramilitary groups identify with tlie apartheid South African regime as sharing a similar white man's burden in struggling to hold off the restless native population. On tlie other hand, the Republican movement has in iLs public statements, its publications, and even in a number of prominent wall murals throughout the North, voiced its support for Mandela and the antiapartheid cause. The controversy was further fueled by the comments of recently released ANC member Robert McBride. His release from a South African prison was part of an amnesty grudgingly granted by the Pretoria regime in an attempt to revive (lagging negotiations with the ANC. Mc Bride, whose great-grandfather, Major John McBride, was executed by the British in the aftermath of the 1916 Easter Rising, commented at length on his involvement in Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK) the military wing of the ANC. When questioned about the ANC campaign, McBride said that whatever tlie moral qualms might be about such a strategy, 'The original sin is with apartheid. If there were no apartheid, there would be no Umkhonto we Sizwe. Let's go to the source, not the byproduct. Whenever there is conflict, you have negative spinoffs. Mayor Mitchell, who demand that the Irish AntiApariheul Movement should put Mr. Mandela right'1 and reassure the people here m Ireland) that the ANC is not an IRA- type campaign, will first have to explain the difference he sees is McBride's statement and the similar explanation given by IRA Spokespersons for the armed struggle in Ireland. The freedom fighter and great- grandson of a freedom fighter called on the British government to negotiate with tlie IRA and added, I have become almost obsessed with Ireland and Irish history and especially the struggle for freedom. The determination of the Irish people to be free from so many years of oppression is something I look up to. It's something I admire in the Irish people the tenacity of the Irish people to stand up even against the greatest odds. McBride has expressed a strong desire to visit Ireland. READ OUR LIPS GEORGE BUSH NO MORE EXTRADITIONS : TO THE H-BLOCKS George Bush sent Joe Doherty back to face a life sentence in the H-Blocks of Long Kesh Prison. Now he wants to extradite two U more Irish men, Jimmy Smyth and Kevin Barry Artt. DEMONSTRATE : AT BUSH/QUAYLE CAMPAIGN HEADQUARTERS j 25 WEST 43RD STREET ' BETWEEN 5TH AND 6TH AVE 1 pm SUNDAY NOVEMBER 1 Auspices: Jimmy Smyth/Kevin Barry Artt Justice Committee 319 Broadway- 2nd floor New York, NY r0007 For information call (718) 436-4470 The Voice of Irish Repvhlicasism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c5ab4a3e1..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 14 Loyalist Threats Fail to Shut Down Sunday Newspaper A newspaper under loyalist threat will publish as usual this week. Rumors within the industry had suggested that the Sunday World could face closure because ot Ulster Volunteer Force threats, but these were dismissed by a reliable source. The staff at the newspaper had been ordered by Dublin-based management not to talk to other reporters about die situation at die office. It climaxed last week in a UVF bid to bomb the High Street premises and a subsequent threat from die organization against its staff and distributors. Now it is thought that publication of die newspaper which has run investigative stories about both loyalist and republican paramilitaries will proceed as usual. It is understood that management had discussions with the staff shortly after one Of the biggest demonstrations by northeast Ireland journalists in recent years. Representatives from almost every media Loyalists outiet in Belfast took part in the demonstration outside the newspaper's offices at lunchtime to highlight opposition to the attempted intimidation of colleagues. Attended by several senior union officials, including National Union of Journalists' deputy general secretary Jake Ecclestone, it also had the support of other union groups and political parties. Before taking part in the protest, which was attended by more than 50 representatives of print andbroadcastmedia, Mr. Ecclestone said reporters on the paper have the M rkino of journalists . everywhere because we believe that freedom of expression, of ideas and opinions is fundamental to a civilized and democratic society. He said that the attempt to censor the press by violence demonstrated two things about the UVF. First, they have no arguments or ideas except the bomb and the gun; second, that they hold the people of northeast Ireland in contempt. He added, Censorship is an expression of fear, and journalists in northeast Ireland have struggled over many years to conquer this fear. They will not be defeated now. Mr. Ecclestone told the UVF, If you don't like the Sunday World, organize a peaceful boycott. You don't do it by guns and bombs. National executive member representing northeast Ireland journalists, Kevin Cooper, said that die UVF and Combined Loyalist Military Command's statement was as much an attack on the democratic right of the unionist community to read the newspaper of their choice as it was an attack on free speech and press freedom. Two Tyrone Men Jailed by Dublin Court for Attempted Murder Two Tyrone men were sentenced to twelve years at the Special ( Timinal Court in Dublin for the attempted murder of an Ulster Defence Regiment (til)k) soldier near the border last February despite the tact that the UDR tfOOper's account was contradicted by a British forensic expert and by his earlier statements. James Hughes and Conor O'Neill were convicted in the case The incident had occurred at Scardans Upper, Bcllcek, Fermanagh, on February 5th. The men were also given concurrent 12-vcar sentences for having firearms with intent to Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher reviewing the I fitter Defence Regiment endanger life at Helleek and 10 years for having two Kalashnikov rifles, a revolver and ammunition in Donegal on the same date. The court made DO finding on a further charge of shooting at the trooper witii intent to cause grievous bodily harm. Mr. Hughes (28), and Mr. O'Neill (27), both from Dungannon, Tyrone, but with an address at Westport, Ballyshannon, Donegal, had denied all charges. The trial was under die 1976 Criminal Law Jurisdiction Act, which allows for suspects to be tried in the south for offenses allegedly committed in northeast Ireland. The court was told during the nine-day trial that Mr. Glass (49), a Fermanagh dog warden and UDR corporal, was lured into an IRA ambush at a remote farm one and a half miles from die border. The trooper shot dead an IRA man, Joseph MacManus (21), widi his personal-issue pistol and forced others to flee. He was injured in both legs after he was hit by seven bullets and is still on crutches. The accused men were arrested shortly alter the incident by gardai who found them in a ditch close to the border in Donegal. Two Kalashnikov rifles and a revolver were found some time later. Sentencing the men, Justice Barr, presiding, said that die court was satisfied that die probably primary objective of die men was to hijack the trooper's van. Tlie court was aJ so satisfied tiiat both the accused men were part of an IRA squad. The judge said it was likely that the plan was to hijack the van, that the men did not know Glass was a UDR member and armed, and that his response in killing MacManus came as a complete surprise. He said the court did not accept Glass's account of what happened and it was likely that he fired first. Glass's initial account to the RUC was unreliable. The judge said the court had taken into account the age of the accused men and die fact that neither of them had previous convictions. They have been brought up in northeast Ireland at a time of much strife and inter-community tension and violence there, which may well have had some bearing on the formation of their characters, he added. TOP GARDA WAS BRITISH AGENT, SAYS MI6 MAN a LIAM RYAN Third Anniversary Memorial Mass Will Be Held At Visitation Parish 160 Van Cortland Park South near 240th St and Broadway Saturday, November 28th, 7:30pm Sponsored by Irish Northern Aid Social to follow at Jesse James Tavern Liam Ryan's favorite pub 236 Street and Broadway, Bronx, NY For Information call 212 736 1916 A former British intelligence agent has claimed there were pro and anti- IRA factions within the Garda. Fred Holyrod, who worked as a military intelligence officer with MI6 in Ireland in the 1970 s. I got the impression from them that there was a lot of suspicion around, that even within the gardai there were two factions, those who were anti-IRA and those who were pro-IRA, ki he said. The late Ned Gavery's period as Garda Commissioner was one of the most controversial in the history of the Garai and he was ultimately sacked by Fianna Fail in 1()77. During 1975and 1976 allegations that suspects were being beaten in Gardastations began to emerge and a number of gardai have since claimed a heavy gang existed within die force. He had recruited Garvey in the mid-70's when he was the second most senior Garda official in Dublin, Holyrod said. Before he was promoted by the Fine Gael government to Garda Commissioner in 1975. Garvey was head of C3, the intelligence unit of the Garda. The former MI6 agent said he had a Garda officer operating in the border area in the mid-70's under the codename The Badger , and had been in contact with other gardai in the South. It was clear they had authority from high up , he said. I was asked by some of the gardai to go down to Dublin and I agreed. I was taken to the Phoenix Park and introduced Garvey. There was another man present at that meeting who, Holyrod said, he understood to be a senior army officer. They made it clear that they wanted to pass on information to the British, he said. After being shown an IRA arms factory which had been discovered in Donabate, near Dublin, he was asked to trace the British machinery used in that factory. Holyrod said Garvey had supplied him with 150 photos had files on IRSP members which he brought back to his controller. He had made arrangements with Garvey to meet on a monthly basis. But Garvey told me to be careful who I talked to in the forensic laboratory and named one person whom be should not talk to. //// Voice of Irish Repi hlicasism is America v* - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 79a7f7b2e..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 15 SPONSORED BY CENTRAL NEW JERSEY INA - ANTOINE MAC GIOLLA BHRIGHDE The Families of Irish Political Prisoners of War ( SENTENCED ) To lives of hardship, indignity, and separation. they endure strip searches, detention, arrest, and possible imprisonment themselves to visit their loved ones in English jails. See the video SENTENCED October 29,1992,8PM Morley McGovern's Pub 104 Westfield Ave. East (Route28) Roselle Park, NJ for information call (908) 351-4522 Special Celtic New Year second feature: AGAINST HER MAJESTY IRISH; wL gt;IC3* Every Sunday 6PM-7PfVt * ' 1st, Jo Thomas interview SOCIAL DEFENSE FUND FOR GERRY MCGEOUGH FRANCIE GILDERNEW Sunday, Nov. 8th. 7pm to 10pm BISHOPS RESTAURANT Route 303 Tappan, NY Buffet-Open Bar Music by Luke O'Malley For Information contact Jimmy Teague (914) 359-5138 Patrick Donaghy (212) 481-6100 Sal Donaghy (201) 768-7668 Bob Loughman (914) 354-2473 Phil Pearson (914) 735-3975 rmaumwmin ymlsai Special presentation of I THE KILLING OF FERGAL CARRAHER CULLYHANNA: REPORT OF PUBLIC INQUIRY The Truth Behind The Murder of Fergal Carraher Just after Christmas 1990, Fergal Carraher, age 20, was shot dead by England's Royal Marine Commandos as he and his brother, Micheal, aged 23, drove from a pub carpark near their family home of Cullyhanna, South Armagh* Micheal Carraher survived to describe the shooting and dozens of witnesses claimed the British opened fire for no reason. When the British government refused to investigate the shooting, the people of Cullyhanna organized an international public inquiryj which eventually resulted with two Royal marines being charged with murder. This video documents the enquiry. ADDED ATTRACTION: WHAT BELL CLINTON IN THE WHITE HOUSE WILL MEAN FOR IRELAND Jim Welden, Clinton campaign representative and President of l.B.E.W. Local 728, will explain what a Clinton victory in the Nov. 3 election will mean for Ireland, North and South, and Irish-Americans. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 27, 8PM I.B.E.W. HALL Local 728 (2ND FLOOR) 201 S.E. 24TH STREET, FT. LAUDERDALE (STATE ROAD B4, 2 BLOCKS EAST OF ANDREWS AVE.) PHONE: (305) 984-9542 FULL BAR INA MERCHENDISE ON SALE DONATION 3.00 ALL PROCEEDS GO TO SUPPORT FAMILIES OF IRISH POLITICAL PRISONERS V. J I 03 00 IRISH' BILL BRIGGS AMD FRIENDS - LIVE FROM HOBOKEN This sixty minute casssette was recorded live at the Shannon Lounge in Hoboken, New Jersey on July 14,1992. Irish Bill Briggs, Irish Joe Mancuso, Sligo Anne, Nancy Ferguson and Billy J. O'Neal donated their time and talent to make this recording for the benefit of Irish Political Prisoners. All proceeds from the sale of this tape will be donated to Irish Northern Aid for the relief of Irish Political prisoners and their dependents. Songs include: Broad Black Brimmer*Down by the Glenside/Bold Fenian Men Grand St Patrick's Day 66 Days Billy ReidTTake it Down from the Mast Back Home in Derry*Derry City Irish Soldier Laddie* James Connolly Eyes of the IRA My Little Armalite Mandela Where is the Man? Streets of Sorrow/Birmingham Six God Save Ireland. Price 10.00 each plus 1.50 shipping and handling. Irish Northern Aid 363 Seventh Ave S. 405 New York, NY 10001 1 800-IRELAND FAX 212-279-1916 a Irish Bill Briggs and Friends uve pRom r gt;oeoRetsi The Von i: of Irish Republicanism in America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index f2d18b2a0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE IT'S NOVEMBER-TIME TO REMEMBER George Bush in the middle of the night sent Joe Doherty back in chains to British-occupied Northeast Ireland. George Bush sent the American-born citizen Liam Quinn to England to face the same legal system that wrongfully jailed the Guildford Four, the Winchester Three, Judith Ward and the Birmingham Six for seventeen years. George Bush forced American citizen Liam Ryan, a supporter of Irish freedom, back to his assassination by British murder squads. George Bush's federal agents have continuously arrested and harassed Irish activists at the behest of the British Government, such as Gerry McGeough Colum Meehan Eamon Meehan Gabriel Megahey Francis Gildernew Jim Barr Sean Mackin Philomena Mackin George Bush's Justice Department has imprisoned supporters of Irish freedom, such as The Boston Three The Florida Four The New York Five After the Irish beat George Bush in open court, he went behind closed doors and stripped away from the Irish the time-honored American tradition of protecting political exiles. George Bush says that when it comes to political the Irish need not apply . George Bush refuses to allow Irish their First Amendment rights by denying Gerry Adams and other Sinn Fein members a visa to speak to the American people. Now George Bush wants to send Jim Smyth and Kevin Barry Artt to join Joe Doherty in a Northeast Ireland prison. We urge all the 44 million Irish Americans to vote for Bill Clinton who has promised that there will be no more Joe Doherty's. Sponsored by the Irish American PAC Sean Mackin, Chairman 319 Broadway, 3rd Floor New York, NY 10007 The Voice of Irish Ran in n - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 96846392c..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31, 1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 2 Ford Slammed for Discrimination Sectarian divisions run deep in the Ford Motor Company's West Belfast plant, according to a 27-page report leaked last week. This is despite company denials that religious discrimination exists in Fold's Finaghy Road North plant. The report by the American-based Investor Responsibility Research Center (IRRC) stated that Catholics were underrepresentcd in some job categories and called for affirmative action to rectify departmental imbalances. The draft report makes no conclusions. Those involved are at pains to point out that it is not in a position to prove or disprove complaints or grievances. Nevertheless, the latest report differs from the IRRC January 1991 Oliver Kearney of the Equality Group examination of employment practices at Ford and five other American companies with factories in northeast Ireland. Then, the IRRC stated that the 278 Catholics in Ford's 700 workforce accurately reflected the rehgiousaffiliationofthe working-age population. But in the briefing paper dated July 1992 and received by Ford management last month, the IRRC reports a catalog of cases of alleged discrimination againstCatholicworkers. In September 1987, Ford published its first fair-employment practices and policies report and issued its own set of principles. But in the IRRC report it was stated, The principles are not posted and management does not appear to have done much lately to keep the pledges made in the principles in the forefront, except to make available the annual report on compliance. IRRC added that tension between Protestants and Catholics at Ford is considerable and that there was a strong sense of grievance among some Catholic workers. It pointed out that workers were pursuing discrimination complaints. A Ford Motor company spokesman for Britain confirmed that it had received the IRRC draft report last month. The Ford representative said that the company would not comment on the content of the draft report or the conclusions of the final version to be received next month until after they had been studied. The campaigning northeast Ireland group, Equality, nevertheless described tlie report as fairly damning and claimed that serious imbalances at management and supervisory levels remained. SANDS FAMILY ENDORSES PETER KING FOR CONGRESS Peter King and Rosa leen Sands at Hunger Strike Rally in Ireland The family of Irish hunger striker Hobby Sands has announced its support of Peter King in his campaign for Congress. In a statement from Belfast, the Sands family said: l4We are proud to endorse Peter King's candidacy for the United States 1 louse of Representatives, and we urge all Americans who support human rights, justice and freedom for the Irish people to vote for Peter King. Peter King is not only a friend of our family, he is also a true friend oi the nationalist community. He has made repeated visits to the north of Ireland at considerable personal and political risk. At SO many key moments the hunger strikes, the plastic-bullet tribunal, the supergrass trials, internment demonstrations Peter King was the one American who was always there. Peter's election to Congress will guaranteee that the Irish issue is raised at the highest governmental levels. His election will send a message to London and Dublin, as well as to Washington, D.C., that British oppression of the Irish people will be subject to public scrutiny and debate. Just as importantly, Peter King's election will offer hope and encouragement to the nationalist community. (signed) Rosaleen and John Sands Marcella Sands Kelly Hernadette Sands McKevitt Seta Sands King said that he was gratified and honored to be endorsed by the Sands family. I have never met more noble or courageous people, and I will do all that 1 can 10 justify their friendship and support. When 1 am elected toCongress, 1 Will use all the powers of my office to foCMS national attention on British oppression in the occupied six counties. m jpjyEfl - ' ;*WnjS - i?B ij H 4* - - L A i sps . B V imm * * jT HBL?x lt;?y ffiHliiiiiii : . '. -'- Queen's University, symbol of discrimination Kennedy Vows to Fight Queen's on Jobs Bias Congressman Joe Kennedy has said that he intends to step up his attempts to see Queen's University's fair- employment record highlighted in the United States. He warned that he also plans to ensure that the university is not helped by American-taxpayer dollars or funds at any level. He described the university as a bastion of sectarianism in northeast Ireland'* when it came to fair employment. A statement from the Congressman's Washington office follows an exchange a month ago in which he called on Queen's to tackle its fair-employment problem. Tlie university claimed that it was the victim of a smear campaign. In his latest statement, Congressman Kennedy says, When all is said and done and the excuses are set aside, the cold hard fact remains that Queen's University shamelessly continues as a bastion of sectarianism in northeast Ireland on the question of fair-employment practices. Bar a university with a student body with a nationalist majority not to reflect comparable numbers from the community in its hiring and promotion policies is not only inexcusable, it adds to the division in the whole of northeast Ireland's society. How can Queen's justify a workforce where only one in four of its employees comes from the nationalist community? He added that the university had an obligation to actively recruit within the nationalist community and to demonstrate that it was clearly opposed to religious discrimination. For a university that is the training ground for so many of northeast Ireland's civil servants, developing an ethos that it is opposed to religious discrimination is vital. He claimed that the university was intent on trying to preserve the status quo and that this had done nothing for its reputation at home or overseas. A university spokesman replied, Misleading and uncorroborated assertions about the university's policies and practices are unhelpful in furthering fair-employment and equal-opportunities objectives to which this university is committed. I hi Von i oi Irish Re/ gt;i hi n a ism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index c9a3a7567..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE ROBINSON DEMANDS SINN FEIN BAN Sinn F in has said that if Ian Paisley's Democratic Unionist Party deputy Peter Robinson were to apply his interpretation of the law to his own party, he would be arguing for the DUP to be banned. Belfast councillor Mairtin () Muilleoir was replying to a call by Robinson for Sinn F6in to be proscribed. Robinson had given British Secretary Patrick Mayhew a 24-page dossier which argues the case for such a ban. Robinson said that the dossier showed that Sinn F6in was welded indivisibly to the IRA. It also emerged that Sinn F6in has been preparing a dossier on the DUP which it intends releasing to the media next week. Mr. O Muilleoir referred to what he called the hypocrisy of Peter Robinson and his party. The DUP's record of involvement with loyalistparamilitary groups began with the foundation of the party. Thatcollusion was clearly seen during the 1974 loyalist strike, Paisley's abortive 1977 strike, the mountaintop exploits of Paisley, the foundation of Ulster Resistance, and much more besides, Mr. O Muilleoir said. Robinson told a press conference that Sinn F n was the IRA s partner and accomplice. He said the evidence more than met the basic legal requirements for the Peter Robinson, In beret, of Loyalist paramilitary outlawing of Sinn F6in. Mayhew will shortly outline in Parliament his case for the recent outlawing of the loyalist Ulster Defence Association. Robinson said it would be difficult for Mayhew to defend tlie decision not to do the same to Sinn F6in. He is going to have to convince the House of Commons that he is acting in northeast Ireland in an even-handed, balanced way. In a society which is divided, you cannot act in a way which clearly indicates that you abhor violence from one side of tlie community but you are prepared to close your eyes to violence from tlie other, Robinson said. The British Northern Ireland Office said it was studying the DUP document on Sinn F6in but added, The evidence is that Sinn F6in is not an organization which is actively and primarily engaged in the commission of criminal terrorist acts that is tlie criterion which government applies when proscribing organizations, Protesters Issue Broadcasting Ban Challenge an early meeting to discuss a review of the ban. Central TV studios in Birmingham were picketed by members of the Tnxips Out Movement protesting against the broadcasting ban on Sinn F n, Spokesperson Mary Pearson said, We believe that unless the views of everyone in tlie conflict in northeast Ireland are listened to, there will never be peace.*1 lour Derry Sinn Fftin councillors staged an occupation of Radio Foyle's studios in protest of what they called tlie udemonization and vilification of their members by tlie broadcasting ban. Hugh Brady. Barney McFadden, Dodie McGuiiiness, and Gcaroid () hHara entered the Foyle Building just before 1:00 p.m. They passed through a security check by pretending that they had business with a reporter, then slipped quickly into the studios. Meanwhile, outside the station gate a group of Sinn Fein supporters mounted a picket. Thfi station was forced 10 cancel its Newsdesk at One program, which was replaced by Radio Ulster s Newsbreak. Sinn Fein Pledges to Continue Talks with Churchmen I Protest outside the BBC Journalists have been urged by Sinn Fein to break the law and ignore the British government ban on broadcasting comments by the party's members. Sinn F in councillors joined party President Gerry Adams and Ard- Chomhairle member Jim Gibney in a demonstration outside BBC headquarters in Belfast's Ormeau Avenue. The demonstrators marked the anniversary of the ban imposed by the then British Home Secretary Douglas Hurd by handing in a letter of protest to Broadcasting House. Derry City councillor Mitchel McLaughlin said that the ban was initially opposed by the National Union of Journalists, the Independent Broadcasting Authority and the BBC. He said that John Bird, the BBC director general in 1988, promised to lobby MPs and take the argument to the public through newspapers and public appearances. Sinn F6in is challenging the broadcasters and broadcasting journalists to state exactly what opposition they have mounted or intend to mount against the directives. We must also complain to broadcasters that in operating the ban, they have been over-stringent and over-cautious in its interpretation. There have been many occasions when Sinn F in could have been interviewed on social and economic matters but was not. In those rare instances where our spokespersons were interviewed, it was often only as aresult of incessant lobbying, said Mr. McLaughlin. Referring to the recent sub-titling of comments by former MP Bernadette McAliskey on a BBC television program, Mr.McLaughlinsaidthatself-censorshipby broadcasters had taken over where official censorship left off. 'The interpretation of tlie ban appears to be becoming even more restrictive as self- censorship and fear of criticism from tlie political establishment Uikes a stronger grip Calling on broadcasting journalists to reexamine their opposition to the ban, Mr. McLaughlin said, The best challenge that they could make to this authoritarian directive is, of course, to break the ban. Only when the broadcasters find the courage to do that will opposition be galvanized and the British government forced to restore to the British public their right to freedom of information. A BBC spokesman said that director general Michael Checkland had written to Heritage Secretary Peter Brooke, asking for Sinn Fdin leaders and Presbyterian churchmen have promised to persevere in their peace talks. The pledge followed a meeting between Sinn F6in President Gerry Adams and Chairman Tom Hartley, and former moderators Dr. Jack PI 1 i B j * 1 J '. Weir Tom Hartley seated along with Mitchell McLaughlin and Godfrey Brown. The two sides said they would continue talks despite differences between them. In a statement they reaffirmed that the search for peace demanded continuing and persevering dialogue together. The churchmen said they were convinced that peace-making was a special obligation on any church which sought to follow Christ as prince of peace. The joint statement said: Any progress, humanly speaking, depended on a reduction and, if possible, a speedy ending to tlie present violence in our society, which placed such a barrier in the way of understanding and strengthenedaresistance among so many to fruitful dialog. Mr. Adams called on churches to develop a peace strategy . He said, As a first step in apeace process, the Presbyterian Church should embrace the principle of inclusive dialog. Sinn F6in sources said the talks were useful ; they were not a short-term process but part of a long-term one. In a separate statement, Mr. Adams criticized Church of Ireland Primate Dr. Robin Frames. He said there was a contradiction between the primate's claim that he supported dialog and his rejection of Sinn F6in*s participation in talks. The archbishop had a clear moral responsibility to support an inclusive dialog . The Voice oe Irish Rei gt;i rijcasism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1a8908b46..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 4 On November 3rd, the Choice for Irish American Voters is Clear.., For 12 years, the Republican Administrations of Ronald Reagan and George Bush have demonstrated positive and deliberate hostility toward the concerns of the Irish American community* On November 3rd, we can allow this tradition of neglect and outright disdain to continue, or we can take a positive step toward change by electing the only Presidential candidate who has shown any interest in our concerns BILL CLINTON. AS PRESIDENT, BILL CLINTON WILL... Encourage all states to adopt the MacBride principles. Highlight human-rights abuses in northern Ireland by focusing on reports by Amnesty International and Helsinki Watch. Support sending a US Peace Envoy to northern Ireland to help break the political logjam and lead all parties concerned toward a peaceful resolution of the conflict. Never allow another Joe Doherty-type case to occur Bill Clinton will leave the judicial decisions to the judiciary. He believes that all applicants for political asylum are entitled to a full and fair hearing on their claims regardless of the US government's relationship with the nations from which they flee. The Irish American community is tired of being ignored by Washington. We must seize this opportunity to elect Bill Clinton, because it is time we once again had a friend in the White House not an adversary. In addition, we encourage you to support the following candidates... For US Senator from New York, vote for BOB ABRAMS In the 13th Congressional District, vote for SAL ALBANESE In the 9th Congressional District, re-elect TOM MANTON In the 14th Congressional District, vote for CAROLYN MALONEY VOTE FOR CLINTON-GORE....BECAUSE THE TIME FOR CHANGE IS NOW ON NOVEMBER 3RD-REMEMBER JOE DOHERTY Paid for by IRISH AMERICANS FOR CHANGE and supported by the following individuals: Kevin Barry Mary Brady*Kathy Iiyrne*Anne Canty Frank T. Carvill* Jim ConnelhMichael CoughliiWVIaureen Counihan*Carol DeHaan*Margaret Doherty*Patrick Doberty Larry Downes Frank Durkan+Larr; Eariy*Mary Ellen Grogan*George Harrison*Frank Hoarevloe JamisoiHJsa L. Johnson*Margaret KennedyBill Lenahan Margaret I ami non-Ken nedy Janet LevillS+Bob Linnon*Maggie Lynch-Smitli Ct gt;dy McCone Fiieen ()'Dea*Mae O'Driscoll'Brian (VDwyerrJulianne O'RiordanOwen Rodgers* Francis X. Ryan Se n Fergal Saunders F. E. Scanlon John Simpson Jimmy Smtth*Gaurt Sullivan*Timothy Whelan Marv Wilson THE IRISH PEOPLE Editor: Martin Galvin Copy Editor: Liam O'Keefe Staff Columnists: Brian MacDonald, Father Des Wilson, Dennis Prebensen, Joe Doherty, Nosey Flynn, Danny Crawford, Liam O'Keefe Production: Loretta Fay, Carol White, Marjorie Dolan, Eugene McElroy, Celine Canavan Staff Reporter: Peggy Hoey Business: Larry Quinn, Marion Reynolds The Irish People Newspaper (ISSN 0888-3556 USPS 070-770) is published weekly (except the second week in August and the third week in December) by the Irish People Inc., 363 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY Second Class Postage Paid at New York, NY. Annual Subscription Rate 30 in the United States, 38 Canada TELEPHONE 212-736-1916 FAX 212-279-1916 Postmaster: please send change of address to the following address: THE IRISH PEOPLE 363 SEVENTH AVENUE NEW YORK, NY 10001 Subscribe to the Voice of Irish Republicanism in America The Irish People newspaper keeps you informed about the daily events taking place in the continued struggle of the Irish people for national self-determination. The Irish People also keeps you informed about American politics and events which directly affect the situation in Ireland. The Irish People reports the activities of those groups and organizations that work together to bring an end to British occupation of northeast Ireland. Yes I would like a Subscription to the IRISH PEOPLE NEWSPAPER Name: Address: City: State/Zip: Telephone: Ow (Renewal Qyr- 30 Q)yr- 48 IRISH PEOPLE 363 Seventh Avenue NY, NY 10001 Money order, check* Master Card or Visa accepted (Prices may differ for residents out of the US.) //// Voice oi Irish Repciii.ic as ism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 1215e76f6..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE PAGE 5 ' ff*//**'' r'rrTrmr7 1 m jj2/ ?m gt;mx rssssss*. f7J ra-rmuf/frtttf/f/fA '. gt; V 'SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS* Irish American Unity Conference Dear Editor: Everyone who was fortunate enough to attend the Irish American Unity Conference in Costa Mesa, California, last weekend listened to some of the most prominent speakers on Irish American issues today. Speaking on human rights and due process violations in the north of Ireland were Judge Andy Somers and Cody McCone. Judge Somers, a veteran observer of court proceedings in the north, relayed his shocking experiences of the lack of due process in the British justice system. Mr. McCone, president of the Brehon Law Society, outlined steps his organization is taking at the United Nations to help achieve real justice in the six counties. Speaking from his own experiences with the policies of deportation, Gerry McGeogh gave a stirring address on the personal tragedy he and his family have suffered. James Smyth stated his first-hand experiences of abuse in our justice system. Speaking on Mr. Smyth's behalf was his attorney Karen Snell, who outlined efforts underway to ensure that Mr. Smyth would not suffer the same fate at Joe Doherty. Dan Lawton, attorney for the detained Kevin Artt, highlighted the fate of his client who is in jail in California also on extradition charges. Tim Cotton of the Francis Gildernew Defense Fund, and Mr. Gildernew himself addressed the convention. Both outlined the malicious extradition case the United States government is proceeding with because of Mr Gildernew's activism on Irish issues. Frank Durkan, known for his outstanding efforts in defending extradition suspects in this country, received the Pat Finucane Award. Former congressman Bruce MorrisonreceivedthePaulO'Dwyer Award for his herculean efforts for Irish immigrants, whichresultedin die Morrison Vise program. Assemblyman John Burton of San Francisco received the Sean MacBride Award for his sponsorship of the MacBride Principles campaign in California. Assemblyman Burton pledged Bto double his efforts on MacBride to ensure passage, and to help Mr. Smyth and Mr. Artt BOSTON THREE fight extradition. Robert Ballagh of the Irish National Congress was one keynote speaker who spoke of his work to preserve articles two and three of the Irish Constitution. Mr. Ballagh stressed that if articles two and three were repealed, only the British government would have legal claim to represent the people of the six counties, which just will not do. Without exception, the greatest response was given to the other keynote speaker, Mr. Ken Livingstone, Labour MP. Mr. Livingstone spoke on the scope of involvement by British military intelligence in the north. Mr. Livingstone has written a book on the involvement of tlie British in Uiecampaign of terror againstthe nationalist population. Mr. Livingstone brought the convention to its feet, when he challenged the British government to sue him for slander for charges made in his book, so he could prove the scandalous British involvement in northeast Ireland in a courtroom. Sincerely, Neil G. Flanagan Costa Mesa, CA TO the Editor, Irish People By now you should all know that the so-called Supreme Court has refused to hear the appeal of our case brought before it . This travesty of Justice continues. The dangerousprecedentestablishedheredenies tlie protection of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution to anyone the government wishes. In effect, the Bill of Rights is meaningless. With one stroke, the document hundreds of thousands of Americans died to preserve has been cast upon die dung heap of history. It lasted a little over two hundred years until Bush and his court destroyed it. It takes no genius to see that this country is in mortal danger. Hie forces at work in the current administration are doing everything in Uieir power to change this nation into a sad blend of Hitler's Germany and Stalin's USSR. Don't listen to their words, look at their actions. One right after another, one freedom after another has been quitely stolen from us. We are at die threshold at which we cease to be a nation and become a police state the national security state of die world. Their apparatus is in place at diis minute. If this frightens you, it should. At this minute, in this prison I am living the life you will all live in the future...unless you do something now. Do what? First and foremost get out and vote Get this corrupt gang out of the White House as soon as possible. Get everyone you can out to vote to defeat this tyrant now I am not the only one on the line. You, your families and your dependents are all in danger. No one can profess to be a supporter of Irish freedom (or American freedom) and vote for Bush. To do so is a lie. Second, lake an active interest in what goes on in this government. Learn about our case as an example of what can go wrong. Write to your representatives and senators to complain about our treatment. This issue effects your lives, too. Tell them how you feel. Demand something be done. Finally, 1 wish to thank everyone who has expressed their support and solidarity. It makes all the difference in tlie world. We will all triumph in this battle only if we fight VOTE Richard Johnson Ravhrook, NY D'Amato versus Abrams and the Irish Dimension By now, most New York voters have received one or more carefully crafted legislative bulletins from Senator Al D'Amato. Recendy he aimed one such piece of literature at his Irish-American constituents. In it, New York's junior Senator proclaimed, ...he is proud to support the causes of the Irish both here and abroad. The literature was fairly standard a blend of half-truths and misstatements lacking only the disclaimer For amusement purposes only. The letter format addressed the case of Joe Doherty, the MacBride Fair Employment Principles and immigration, all of which are related to a conflict which has commanded little of the Senator's interest in his twelve years in CD INVESTORS CAN YOU AFFORD TO EARN ONLY 4 A YEAR? Interest rates are the lowest they've been in decades. You've probably felt the pinch of falling Certificate of Deposit yields and declining savings account rates. If your savings aren't working hard enough, it's time to do something about it. After paying taxes on your CDs' and savings you could be earning less than 3 on your money. YOU SHOULD NOT PAY TAXES ON MONEY YOU ARE NOT USING. We can offer you savings programs that yield more than CDs' and savings accounts and the interest is tax deferred. For more information return this coupon to: Capital Financial Group, Inc. P.O. Box 11072 Albany, NY 12211 office. In fact, die appeal points to a troublesome dilemma for tlie Senator He is faced with die nation's largest ami most active Irish-American constituency and Reagan-Bush policies dial ignored or were indifferent to die Irish conflict and its victims. As a result, die Irish American activists have galvanized as never before. The tension between the making waves image the Senator relishes and the missing in action reality of his record is apparent in the very issues he claims to champion. Consider The Senator never batded the White House or the Republican-controlled Senate in 1985 when a shameful, retroactive British extradition treaty was ratified. Nor did he fight them during Doherty 's 5-year deportation/asylum struggle that followed. He setded for last-minute letter writing that was crafted more for media consumption than as a serious challenge to State Department policies. Since 1984, the Senator who takes them on hasco-sponsoredaMacBride Principles bill that has yet to be given a Congressional hearing. Senator D' Amato was urged to link any US contributions to the British- concocted International Fund for Ireland (IFI) to the MacBride Principles, but he did not, and he suddenly became a wallflower during the 1986 debate. IFTs proven track record of waste and sectarian spending was rewarded last month with 20 million, Senator D'Amato's vote and his silence. On the other hand, Mr. D'Amato has missed opportunities to, at the very least, give visibility to these same Irish causes. The annual debate over foreign aid to various thugs or the trading status of nations like China are ideal times to run down Britain's sorry record of human- and civil- rights violations in Ireland. During the loan-guarantee debates, he could have asked the President why he hondles Israel for refugee housing but sanctions IFI taxes being used to line the pockets of British hotel magnates. When tlie Cuban exile Orlando Bosch, who was convicted of placing a bomb on an airliner that killed HO persons, was granted asylum, why didn' 11V Amato demand that President Bush give the same consideration to Joe Doherty, whose case had far more merit? What impact all this may have on Senator D'Amato's re-election is anyone's guess. Although the issues of freedom, democracy and justice are as important in Ireland as in the Congo, Nicaragua or China, the scale of the conflict is small and the merit of the struggle is often obscured or censored by the British media managers. The mistakes alluded to here are, after all, acts of omission. The Senator has not yet taken to praising British justice and their generosity to the Irish, as does Senator Moynihan, who is viewed more as a surrogate spokesman for British interests in the US Senate. There is also the question of how much Senator D'Amato can be justifiably criticized when the duties of Dublin's diplomats in Washington seem to be confined to poetry parties and shamrock presentations. As for his opponent, there is not a lot of evidence of Bob Abrams' positions on the issues related to Ireland' s conflict except for his remarks at the Irish American Senate Forum in August. This is surprising, considering the Attorney General's early political career in the Bronx, a veritable cauldron of Irish and Irish American activism. Many were impressed, as was I, with Senator D'Amato's 1980 visit to the North of Ireland in spite of the State Department's directives that he should not do so. But fame, fortune, and a more effective Jewish lobby liave shifted tlie Senator's priorities over die years and somewhat tarnished that making waves reputation he portrays in his mailing. Those concerned with Ireland's conflict know that real Senate leadership from New York could be significant and could have an impact on peace and justice there. Unfortunately, many of these same persons supported Senator D'Amato, expecting a pit bull dog and instead getting a pussy cat. Michael Cummings The Voice of Irish Republicanism in America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fbbaebc24..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE BELFAST PERSPECTIVE Fr. Dks Wilson MULTINATIONAL LINKS British strategy to keep military and economic control of the northeast of Ireland now includes creating trading links between 4tnorth and south''. One has to put this into context. Many years ago, the British government was able lo hold the area by planting settlersandindustries.Hventually,however, especially in the 70s and '80s, tlie British economy became impoverished, and many Of these industries could DO longer be kept in Ireland, the British government then made a bid to get American, Dutch and French companies into the north, with generous allowances and giants. These companies were to provide what British companies had done in the past: bring some jobs, but impermanent industrialization. The one tlun that had to be avoided at all costs was encouraging native Irish industry in the area. If British industry could not be successfully planted any longer, then mainland European, American or Japanese industry would do. Such foreign investment would depend on British subsidies and would come and go according to market needs and the Irish would liave no control over their coming, their going or their staying. MULTINATIONAL Today there is enormous competition for such international and multinational companies. The British government, with its hold on Ireland becoming more and more insecure (and with increasing poverty at home making the government think about future deploymentof its troops on the streets of Liverpool, Cardiff and Glasgow rather than Belfast), is now looking to other means of filling its industrial needs in Ireland's northeast. BURDEN Two things are important. One is to reduce tlie financial burden which tlie northeast represents for the British; another is to reduce tlie need to have English, Scottish and Welsh tnx)ps there. They have tried to ensure that whatever fighting is done in Ireland will be done by Irish. The B Specials became the UDR, which became ajCIrislTregimentdeployed in the forefront of whatever fighting they cause in Ireland while their own troops can be brought back home. That, the British think, will fill tlie military gap. To fill tlie industrial gap, they are encouraging cross-border trade and cooperation. Thus, even if the British industrialists cannot comeand the European and Americans do not come, somebody will come. DUNNE STORES Ben Dunne will come. The British government has now realized that with a southern economy increasingly able tomake money and engage in international trading, its best shot is to encourage southern firms to expand north and northern firms to do business with the south. It is not an exercise in democracy or reconciliation . It is an exercise in making sure that the northeast, weakened to poverty by 70 years of inefficient government, still survives with a minimum of Irish control. Britain builds on Multinationals Whether Ben Dunne or anyone else comes will depend on British decisions. Such persons may get enticing subsidies or a bomb through their windows, or both, depending on prevailing British strategies. There are problems, however. While many businesspersons north and south want simply to do business and are already overcoming old and once profitable barriers of sectarianism in order to do so, local politicians are not keeping pace with their thinking. Many firms have already formed north/soutliconnections,butBritishunionist politicians in the northeast are intellectually and by training and culture incapable of thinking about economics. The SDLP's John Hume thinks in terms of Euro economics and imported capital. Gerry Adams thinks in terms of Irish internal economics as the mainstay of future independence, with Europe and America as icing on what could be a substantial cake. But the British unionists Paisley, Molyneaux, Maginnis, etc. have never been known to create an economic plan or put forward an idea about the economy of Ireland, or even of the northeast. GAPS The intellectual incapability is now being recognized as a major impediment to the British plan to fill up the gaps in Ireland's northeast with industry which, even if it is unavoidably Irish-based, is nevertheless under the ultimate control of nobody within the British- occupied zone except the British themselves. British unionists have not noticed that in spite of their anti-Catholic campaigns, Ben Dunne has come in from the south to buy Wellworths, thus becoming one of the northeast's biggest employers, while Bombardier of Quebecown Shorts, another large employer. Like others who are now coming into the stagnant commercial and industrial scene of the northeast, they are Catholics. As commercial operators, they are no better and no worse for that. One feels neither elation nor depression at their coming. One feels depression at the fact that the British unionists cannot deal intellectually with this or anything else that is happening to them. They have been left too long with no thinking to do. IRISH LEADERS BACK ALBANESE Irish American leaders gathered on October 26, 1992 at New York City Hall to formally endorse Sal Albanese, the I )emocratic candidate for the House of Representatives in new York's 13th Congressional District. Albanese, a Democratic New York City lt; ouncil member, has served in the City Council since 1982, earning a reputation as a an outspoken leader on Irish issues. He was the first municipal ;lator in the United States to spons lt; the MacBride principles. Alhanese is challenging the Incumbent congressmember, Susan Molinari Martin Galvin. die General Counsel o Irish Northern Aid Committee, said. It is seldom noted that Brooklyn City Council member Sal Albanese introduced the fust MacBride Principle's Bill Is New York CU) l le was among the first to support Joe Doherty. He condemned the murders of Sinn fern woikcis and iuiiixluccd City Council bills on the Winchester Rucc' plastic bullets. Sinn lein s Scenario for Peace a d a multitude of other Irish Sal Albanese concerns. Many council members in New York now have taken a a strong position on Irish issues only because Sal Albanese led the way. His opponent Susan Molinari has taken no real position on Irish issues. Elect Sal Albanese to Congress Jack Irwin, Nationallmmigration Director of tlie Ancient Order of Hibernians, added, Sal was in the forefront when there was a battle to secure New York City funding for irish immigrant assistant centers. He has always been there for the Irish-American community AlO'Hagan, with the A.O.H. and the 1986 New York Saint Patrick's Day Parade Grand Marshall, noted that Sal has always been there attending every large and small Irish event over the past decade. He can do great things for Irish- Americans in Washington. The American Irish Congress and the Emerald Society of the New York City Transit Police Department have also endorsed Albanese for Congree. The director of Irish-Americans for Albanese, Justin Kelly, said, Sal has a well- earned reputation among Irish-Americans as a leader on issues of concern to our community. He was the first municipal legislator in the nation to sponsor the MacBride Principles. He was a leading supporter of Joe Doherty. Indeed, while he was the only member of the Council to vote against a resolution supporting Doherty. Kelly added, She has done absolutely nothing on Irish issues. Frankly, her record is a disaster which reflects her lack of interest in our community. Albanese is running for the Congressional seat which encompasses all of Staten Island as well as the Bay Ridge, Dyker Heights, BensonhurstandCrravesend neighborhoods of Brooklyn. The Voice oi Irish Repi hi icasism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 9b71a9afc..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE REAGAN/BUSH MOB ABANDONING SHIP The final countdown has begun in the nation's capital. Defeat and desperation are in the air. Lifeboats are filling up outside government agencies faster than they did on the night the mighty Titanic sank in the waters off Newfoundland. For twelve years, the country has been dominated by the greedy and amoral Reagan/Bush mob. Now, the clock is running out. The plundering of America's natural and industrial resources, the loss of our sovereignty, and the erosion of our democratic values under these scoundrels and their surrogates, has been unprecedented. The offenders are now running for cover. As election day approaches, the ubiquitous smirk on George Bush is beginning to disappear. A Bill Clinton/Al Gore victory is adistinct possibility. Capitol Hill pundits are predicting that the busiest person in the next administration will be the Attorney General. Hurray The job of getting to the bottom of the white-collar crimes caused by cronies of Reagan/Bush will be enormous. Neil Bush, one of tlie President's sons, named in the Silverado S L failure, is just a small player in the larger drama. Irish Americans have been in the forefront of warning the people about the excesses of these charlatans. From the extradition case of Joe Doherty to the cruel ordeal of Sean Mackin and the Boston Three , from Francis Gildemew to James Smydi and Kevin Barry Artt, our voices have been raised. As a result, some of us have been harassed by agencies of the UnitedStatesgovernment.Nevertheless, we have also cautioned about Britain's growing economic stranglehold (now S125 billion) in this country and their criminal interference with our federal elections. IranContragate, the BCCI mess (now being referred to as the Bank of Crooks and Criminals), the merger mania piracies and the BNL Iraq scandal all happened during Bush's watch. The White House has played a major part in these sordid sagas and in their subsequentcoverup. Things are presently so bad, and morale so low in the Bush Administration, thattheCentral Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation are openly investigating each other. Daggers have been drawn. BRITISH TIES The S500 billion looting of America's S L's took place while George Bush not only looked the other way, but actively intervened to keep a failing S L open . (See Jonathan Kwitney's expose', Village Voice, Oct. 20th). Kwitney reports that hundreds of millions of dollars in questionable loans ended up enriching the friends of George Bush, the CIA, favorite Republican causes, among them the contras and Jonas Savimbi's war in Angola. He connects Anglo-American predators, confederates of Bush and ex-Secretary of State James Baker, in Houston, New York and Washington, D.C., to the S L catastrophe. Now those who brought the nation the grossly inept Ed Meese, Richard Tricky Dick Thornburgh, and the bumbling William P. Barr, in the role of Attorney General, are abandoning the ship of state. The sorry chapter on the monumental mugging of the American taxpayers and carjacking of our revered Bill of Rights is mercifully coming to an end. Enormous amounts of wealth were corruptly transferred from tlie many to the few during tlie last 12 years. Justice requires that the guilty be punished and the monies restored. It also mandates that the previous wrongs done to the Irish American community by the Reagan/Bush regime be rectified by die new Democratic Administration. It is time also to terminate die misnamed special relationship with Britain. Absent a Democratic collapse, assisted covertly by thugs from Whitehall, it looks like curtain time for Bush and his hatchetman, J. Danforth Danny Boy Quayle. Good riddance The country has suffered enough under these anglophiles. WHERE IS IRELAND'S DESMOND TUTU? We live in a moral universe. Right and wrong do matter. The truth will out in the end, said Archbishop 1 )esmond Tutu. The winner of die 1984 Nobel Peace l ize spoke at Johns Hopkins University, in Baltimore, on October 17th, before an overflow audience of admirers. I could not help but think while listening to the words of this great champion of freedom for South Africa, Where is Ireland's Desmond Tutu? Where indeed Recently, the entire hierarchy of the Irish Church journeyed over to Rome to celebrate the feast day of one of the saints. No one dared to raise the truth about British violence in the six counties. Not one The notion of Bishop Tutu not speaking the truth about South Africa is simply unthinkable. And yet for Ireland it is considered commonplace not to speak out on the situation in the north. Tutu said of the struggle for self- determination in his homeland, No matter how many guns you use, no matter how many people get killed., it is an inexorable truth that freedom will prevail in the end, that injustice and repression and violence will not have the last word. The moral intensity of his expression held most of tlie audience mesmerized. PAGE 7 TWO BRAVE DISSENTERS On April 18,1989, two brave Irish Former President Ronald Reagan with former Irish Prime Minister Garret Fitzgerald How did we get into this fix where we feel so alienated from so many of our clergy on the national question? Since tlie Treaty of Maynooth, the church has become, in facu if not in name, an ally of the colonizers (See Father Joe McVeigh's The Wounded Church). In their Faustian bargain with Whitehall, die clergy have moved from being our spiritual advisers to agents for maintaining the political status quo. This is a role Uiat their predecessors, the priestly druids, could never imagine The druids were always of and for the people true servants of the tribe. The idea thai they could serve any other master was alien to their calling. This is why Julius Caesar saw lit to crush the droidic order after he conquered die Celts in ancient Gaul. He rightly feared the druids' unique role in maintaining the solidarity and viability of the race. parish priests, 1 Esmond Wilson and Joseph McVeigh, direcdy addressed tlie Irish Catholic hierarchy. In a pamphlet, appropriately entitled, The Truth Will Set You Eree* they took the Bishops to task. You have ignored, they wrote, tlie basic cause of political violence in Ireland: The inability of the British state to govern justly By calling for acceptance of the armed institutions of the unjust and antidemocratic northern state, you are contributing to the continuation of the conflict rather than its resolution They pleaded with the Bishops to call for a moratorium on one-sided condemnations of violence, to advocate dialog with all the parties, and to acknowledge that it is an unjust government which is at the root of die conflict in die occupied six counties The Bishops, sinfully, chose to ignore the petition of the two dissenting prelates. CELTIC NEW YEAR The MacBride Chapter, Irish Northern Aid, will hold their annual Celtic New Year celebration on Saturday evening, October 31st, at Hibernian House, Pearl River. James Bredin, a native of Leitrim and long-time Pearl River resident, has been selected as Celt of the Year. Music and entertainment will be by Jim McPhail. Ken Tierney will discuss Samhain lore. The candle-lighting ceremony for the six Celtic nations will be followed by the Celts Circle of Unity. Refreshments will be provided. Donation 12.50. For reservations, call David Donohue, (914) 359-3443. Editor's note: The opinions in the column are those of the writer and not necessarily those of the paper. J The Voice of Irish Re pi riicasism is America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fb34ee001..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/1992-10-31 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -PAGE 8 THE IRISH PEOPLE OCTOBER 31, 1992 OCTOBER 31,1992 THE IRISH PEOPLE By Hilda McThomas THERE'S BEEN A shooting in the York Hotel near the University. Two women. I think one of them is Sheena Campbell . A friend's voice on the phone, Friday evening, shortly after eight. The words hit me like a punch in the stomach. Sheena. No, not Sheena. Driving to the Royal Victoria Hospital on die Fall* Road, hoping that she is there, injured may he, hut close to her friends. No admissions tonight, the clerk says, your friend must be in the City. More driving through the night. At the reception we are told yes, she was admitted, to go into a small room. There a chaplain is waiting to break the news to relatives. Oh (iod. Sheena RUC in uniform mill about. Self i m p o r t a n t , indifferent, chewing gum: Sheena is not oneoftiieirown Two academics from Queens University are also waiting to commiserate with the family , Doing then corporal works of mercy before they return to issuing statements about violence on both Sides**, Never about violence from the British state Never about how the Hiitisli state amis and manipulates certain groups toeliminale its opponents. Pat Fmucane was such an opponent. Mowed down by loyalists a few weeks off his 40th birthday. A lawyer who was challenging what the British state was doing to the Irish people. And Sheena, who in a few weeks would have been 30. In her second veai of law. Sheena's challenge to the British state had been through Sinn I cin. but who knows what else she might have done with her talents Sheena*s enemies did not wait to find out We wait a little more, hoping lo catch Brendan, Sheena s partner, who is on his way**, An old man is led down a corridor to collect his wife's belongings, He looksfbiiorn She Is dead, and he catties on alone. Sheena is lying dead soincwheic near US, enfolded within (his big concrete block oi a hospital as m a tomb, and we have to carry on alone I remembei meeting Sheena in September 1991, to the North Belfast local by election We have put Sheena Campbell m chl someone had said, She knows what she's doing The Sinn Fein election office looked unusually calm and nearly deserted for 4 o'clock on election day. Whoa* were all the excited faces, die people milling about with cups of tea, die shouts and conversation? Then I saw this small figure, a young girl, sitting at a desk ticking off names, adding Sheena with John O'Dowd and Brendan Curran handing in her nomination papers to Craiagavon Civic Centre in April 1989 figures. Blue eye-shadow, short brown hair, high cheek bones, Sheena looked about eighteen. Someone else m a corner sorting sheets from registers. Another scoring Off items from a list How is it going? , we asked Sheena anxiously. Well, we have 834 votes so tar It is a bit slow but coming in steadily. We will know better m a couple oi hours Sheena sounded completely calm and matter of lad, she looked in full Control. We realised she had chased out oi the oiiwe all the usual hangers on, probably given them work to do. Everyone was doing something Weweiedirectedloour tasks loo, ami kept busy until ten that night the rest, as the say, is history. Joe Austin was elected comfortably to Belfast Citv Council. Sheena was bom on November in The Slopes, near I urgan, the eldest of si children, to Jeannie Queenie*) and Patsy lagan Then her father Patsy laboured on building sues lie now WOlfcs m a factory Her mother is a cleaner in the local school kitchen Sheena was raised m Gilford, a few miles from Craigavon, until she was ten, when her family moved to Craigavon. There she attended Lismore Comprehensive School. She left it at 16, with no incentive to go on, no sense then that she could make it*. Sheena went to work in a factory. Her mother too had left school young, gone to work. Yet her younger brothers, Sheena's uncles, had continued on at school, gone to university, kmade if out of second- class citizenship. The l;agans are a musical family. Sheena loved music, Irish music, country and western, classical. She sang a lot, learned die piano. A keen netball player, she missed selection to the Six Counties squad because of her small height. But from the start Sheena's life was politics. In her early teens she started selling Republican News, went with her mother to meetings and marches. At fourteen she was acting secretary of her local Sinn I(3in cumann. She would attend as delegate the meetings of the Ulster Executive, the forerunner of the Comhairle na S6 Chondae. She also did a stint as a youth leader in the local youth club, and was active on several community and tenants' associations. She joined the Relatives' Action Committee as soon as one was formed in Craigavon. As the fight to end criminalisation of Irish POWs was intensifying, Sheena became more active, and helped form a youth committee, the first Youth Against Armagh and H-Blocks, before it was ever heard of in Belfast, she rightly claimed. During the hunger strike, she was to lead a pupils' walk-out out of her old school, 1 ismore Comprehensive. One oi her teachers there was Tom French, of the Workers' Party, with whom she had many an argument while at school. In 1985, aged only 23, she would stand against him in the local elections, in the ('raigavon Central ward. Sheena polled tw ice as many first preference votes as her former teacher, and political rival. But while she failed to get elected, Tom French benefitted from transfers from the Alliance Party and got a council seat. Nevertheless, this spelled the end for 1'om Frcnch in that ward. (At the next local elections, he shifted to the Lockside ward where he got his seat with die help of unionist transfers.) Sheena had to leave work at eighteen, because of a heart condition. She got married then. Her marriage ended amicably a few years later, and she shared her life between her son Caolan, and her politics. People in Sinn F in quickly afterwards, call me a 'brat'. The local Sinn F6in organisation was reorganised along constituency lines. I got credited for this, Brendansays, but die credit wasn't mine. I knew nothing about the area The organising and restructuring was Sheena's work. Sheena became chairperson of the Comhairle Ceanntair in 1986. She also held positions on the Comhairle recognised her organising abilities. While she held the position of secretary on the Comhairle Ceanntair, her role was in fact that of an organiser. She was nominated as candidate for Sinn F6in in the Assembly elections of October 1982, but her name had to be withdrawn she was underage, not yet 20 Brendan Curran, her partner, recalls how he first met her. There were problems in the local Sinn F6in organisation in 1982-'83, and I was sent to this meeting, I was not long out of jail, they must have hoped that the presence of someone recently released from the H-B locks might stop people from bickering and fighting. So I got cleaned up and shaved, and arrived at this meeting with not a clue as to what it was about. I sat at the top table, beside Sheena, who was secretary. Sheena Limisteir as secretary and organiser. She traveled a lot tlirough the Upper Bann area, South Down, Newry- Armagh. She was well-known and loved everywhere. Ather funeral last Sunday, the large crowds came from all over the North, and quite a few from the 26 Counties as well. Yet in spite of her abilities Sheena was always reluctant to take on positions. She only agreed to speak in public as a stand-in for a comrade who could not make it. This is how she came to speak at the Easter commermoration in Cullyhanna in 1983, her first public engagement. Jim McAllister recalls how she was nervous at first, and then did so well that the local people kept asking for her to come back. But her forte was organising. She had a gift for details, Brendan says, she just seemed to know what was needed, where the wee cogs were missing along the Sheena*s father and sister Gabrielle bearing her Tricolor-draped coffin pulled out this book and started writing. Tut that book on the table and let on you know what you are doing,' I quipped. She looked at me. She would slag me for this for years way. Sheena talked about structuring meetings before anyone else in Sinn Fein, and drew up for her Limist6ar detailed papers describing the jobs involved in each of the positions. She took training sessions with local secretaries and chairpersons. Yet she never saw herself as anyone of outstanding ability. She never realised how relevant and important she was to the republican struggle. Her enemies obviously did. Of course to republican activists throughout the North, whether or not dicy came into personal contact with Sheena, she remains the architect of what came to be known as the Torrent Strategy', named after the local by-election in the Torrent ward of Dungannon in (date). But it should really have been named the 'Upper Bann strategy', since this is where this professional, systematic approach to election work was developed, or, perhaps more appropriately, the SheenaCampbell strategy', since she developed it. In the constituency tiiat she worked in, and the wards she was brought into to direct operations, Sheena ended years of amateurish, haphazard election work and helped election workers schedule their work, record their findings and complete all the tasks effectively and efficientiy. Brendan recalls in amazement how she turned the situation around in die Torrent ward, getting Francie Moiloy elected against the odds. She went into Tyrone, and you know how parochial they can be down there, and she took control and chastised them all, and in the end got Francie elected. She even got Brendan Doris - 'Basil' to his friends to wear a tie, well, at least to carry one in his pocket at all times. Sheena had planned everyone's timetable in detail, and Francie remembers how one day, as he had asked her how she thought things were going, she said, Everything is fine, but you shouldn't disappear for an hour when there is work to be done . I thought she hadn't noticed that I had slipped out to get abreak. She didn't miss anything . But the workers got their own back. She used to tell canvassers off for spending too long chatting on the doorsteps. On a canvass with Seamus Nugent, Jim McAllister and Brendan Curran, she decided to show them how it was done. Anybody in? , she shouted into the house. But the farmer was at his work in the cowshed. I can't hear you, he shouted back. Sheena, who as always was immaculately turned out, had to wade through several inches of cow manure in her high heels to deliver her election message, Jim McAllister recalls. That was die end of her canvassing for that day . At the end of last year Sinn F6in's education department decided to run workshops for election workers, based on the Torrent on Sheena Campbell's Strategy. Some of us were asked to prepare an education pack based on it. We had anticipated we would spend a few hours talking to Sheena, then write it all down, structure it and lay it out in point form. To our surprise we didn't know Sheena that well then Sheena arrived with a folder, containing pages of points, already itemised, with tables,diagrams,main ideas highlighted and summarised. We were surprised on two counts: such a systematic, professional approach had never been Sinn Fein's forte, and secondly Sheena looked so young, so unassuming, the 'wee girl' from the Ardowen estate in Craigavon. We quickly realised we were in the presence of a formidable activist. Sheena went back to study in 1988, in Lurgan Tech' where she took aGCSE in Sociology. She then moved to Newry Tech', which now forms part of the University of Ulster campuses, to do a two year foundation course. She was the first student from Newry to be accepted into the Law Faculty at Queens, well-known for the high standards it demands of entrants. She had been told by the Careers Guidance people at Queens that she hadn'tahope. The students in her tutorial group had three and four A's in their 'A' Levels. Yet they looked up to her to lead the way in discussions. Sheena did well in her exams, but spent nearly as much time helping other students as with her own work, forever lending out notes, giving a hand, encouraging. The teaching staff recognised this and credited her with exam successes other than her own. A brilliant student, with tremendous academic ability, is how they described Sheena. She had not decided yet which aspect of law she would like to specialise in, but she enjoyed EEC and constitutional law. Yet she had no intention of making a money- spinning career out of it. Alone in her tutorial group she believed that law was meant to benefit humanity, not a lawyer's bank account. Brendan Curran was shot by loyalists in October 1989. Sheena drove to the hospital where she waited all night outside the operating theatre, the first to speak to Brendan when he came to. From diere she drove on to the Sinn F6in Advice Centre which she opened, just like every morning, at 9am. She would not let them think that they had broken the back of die organisation. Sheena Campbell Brendan puts his quick recovery down to her. She got him back on his feet in weeks, nursed him, drove him to meetings. When her studies started to take more of her time, Brendan becamethehouse-husband, looking after CaoUn when she went to lectures, cooking while she worked on assignments, or relaxed playing the piano, or read, or played Scrabble with friends. The games of Scrabble would last for hours, as she pondered over triple words. Jim McAllister and Francie Moiloy allege she cheated. Of course, they would they lost every game. Go on Francie, challenge that word. Sure you have nothing to lose Sheena's words still ring out in Francie's ears as he remembers that game, which he resoundingly lost. Many of Sheena's close comrades became her personal friends. Visibly shattered last Sunday, several recalled how Sheena had helped them through a bad patch, how you could always talk to her about anything, political or personal, how she would read between tlie tines and in a few words put a problem in perspective, managing to tell them if she thought diey were wrong without causing offence, a rare friend indeed. The tears rolling down many people's cheeks at her graveside last Sunday told dieir own story. Sheena packed so much in her 29 years tiiat it is as difficult to understand why she never saw her own value and importance, as it is easy to see why she became a target. Bom a woman, a nordiem nationalist, growing into a republican, she moved out oi the ghetto oi second-class citizenship, a croppie who would not lie down. A mother, a lover, a friend, a comrade, she will be mourned and missed for many years to come, yet she will live on, in die solid foundations that she built for Sinn Fein activists, in the memories oi the many that worked with her, and most of all in the hearts oi her family and friends. All we, who are proud to have been her comrades, can doy is make sure that the hope she earned, we carry in our hearts, and that the work she started is built upon. Family and Friends Join Together in Silent Vigil The parents and sister of Sheena Campbell, the Sinn Fein member murdered by the loyalist Ulster Volunteer Force in a Belfast hotel last week, joined her friends in a silent vigil. Ms. Campbell was shot minutes after leaving Queen's University library to join friends in the York Hotel on Botanic Avenue. Two other people were wounded, but not seriously injured, when the loyalist gunman fired at the 29-year- old mother of one, who was a law student at the university. Jean Fegan's eyes filled with tears as she spoke of her daughter. She knew her life was in danger but it did not keep her from her work. She was aware of the danger but she was dedicated. We are very, very proud of our daughter. It is so sad that the people who killed her did not have a chance to talk to her. She would have listened to their points of view and argued her own point, said Mrs. Fegan. Craigavon councillor Brendan Curran, the murdered woman's boyfriend, was among 25 Sinn Fein members and councillors from around the north who attended die vigil outside the hotel. Mr. Curran said the aim of the vigil was to protest at the killing of partner Brendan Curran looks on as Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness drape her coffin with the national nag Sheena Campbell and other members of the party. This vigil is an opportunity for Sinn Fein to highlight the role of those who constanUy seek to marginalize and demonize our party and by their actions and their words, create an atmosphere in which members of Sinn Fein, our families and supporters, can be targeted for assassination, he said. No other party in Ireland or Britain has suffered more tiian Sinn Fein in the last 20 years. Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams earlier said, Elements in the media, die churches, and some political parties which demonize Sinn Fein cannot escape responsibility for die murder of Sheena Campbell.*' The Sinn Fein President, in an angry statement, spoke about ktiie consequences of the British efforts to demonize republicans. He also said it remained his conviction that the republican struggle had the capacity to wear down and to defeat the British government. None of the measures introduced by tlie British government, and mis includes the censorship laws, have defeated the republican struggle. Rather, they have served only to perpetuate the conflict with dire consequences for all sections of our people and to add to the burden of oppression weighted down upon nationalists and republicans. Patrick Mayhew*s attempts to put on a brave face does nothing to change this. He himself concedes that Sinn Fein support remains significant and solid and all his predecessors have admitted that the IRA cannot be defeated. It is only a matter of time until Mayhew or Mates is forced to give further expression to this reality. They know they cannot win. Therefore, rather than condemn us all to further suffering, the London and Dublin governments should seek a new agreement to end partition and to enlist international assistance to break the deadlock. This should be die aim also of all parties claiming to represent nationalist opinion. In a tribute to Sheena Campbell who was murdered at the weekend by die UVF, Mr. Adams described her as a compassionate Irishwoman, a motiier, a student and committed Irish republican who sought a peaceful Ireland which would reflect the aspirations of all our people and fulfill their needs. Tin Voice of Iris* The Voice of Irish Re pi hijcanism in America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 94007c0f2..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Senior UUP member in electoral corruption probe. Page 7 Sinn Fein opposes GM in Ireland Page 14 *****************************AUT0**3-DIGIT 070 l , , l lm,ll..ll...ll.mll..llmlilillmll..l PEOPLE Ism in America S.95 By Gerry Coleman, Political Education Director Irish Northern Aid Committee There are many perplexing questions that Irish America needs answers to with regards the arrest on 17 July and the deportation the next day of John McNicholl of Philadelphia. Exactly what was the bureaucratic or political decision process in operation at INS and within the Bush administration that lead to John McNicholl's arrest: a dedicated, loving family man with a wife and three children who are American citizens; a twenty year resident of Philadelphia and a taxpaying, union pipe fitter; a solid, law-abiding citizen and active in the Irish American community - John was a past president of Philadelphia's Derry Society. Was the decision fair? Was it implemented in a judicious manner? Was the physical arrest and speed with which the deportation took place cruel and unusual? Are Irish people from the north who participated in the conflict on the republican side being targeted for deportation despite the GFA? Exactly who or what office made this decision? The final question is a broader one. Is America a safer place today as a result of having John McNicholl ripped from his home and deported; and his wife and his three children forced to leave this county? We can speculate about the answers to the first group of questions. My belief is that, from the surface of the facts that we have, the nature of the decision to deport Mr. McNicholl was unfair and prejudiced; and the nature of the physical event of his deportation was cruel and unusual. But I know for sure, and so do all those that know the McNicholl family or families like the McNicholls, that America is a weaker, sadder country without them. I also fear for all of our freedoms and for the course of justice if this is indicative of a new America. These are the facts: 1 John McNicholl was arrested by the Immigration and Naturalization Service at 5:30 a.m., July 17, as he left his Philadelphia home for work. Sean, his 18- year-old son who witnessed the event, said his father was kidnapped by strange men ...and bundled into an unmarked car. The young man ran after the car in vain. The younger children suffer nightmares of being kidnapped and taken away. Mr. McNicholl was deported in shackles the next day after being allowed 30 minutes with his wife Frankie. 2 John McNicholl was charged with killing an RUC man, but escaped from Long Kesh while awaiting trial by a jury- less, special military-style court. He and Frankie came to the US in 1984 and immediately went to work making a life and raising a family. 3 Mr. McNicholl was charged by immigration officials of entering this country illegally and lying concerning his arrest on his visa application. A Bureau of Immigration and Customs enforcement officer said that Mr. McNicholl went through the whole process and was denied his last appeal. The Board of Appeals issued a deportation order on 10 July and it was enforced on 17 July, the day the stunned family lawyer, James Orlow, had filled an appeal on the first decision. 4 The US Department of Homeland Security Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement stated on 21 July that Mr. McNicholl was a suspected member of the INLA, a terrorist organization in Ireland. If this is the cause for the deportation, it is a curious one. The INLA has not been on the US State Department's Terrorist Organization list since they went on ceasefire in 1998 after the GFA was 111 signed. Who or what made the decision to take action against groups not on the State Department list? Why? 6 The Irish platform that President Bush ran under states, In the spirit of that healing document the GFA we call for a review of issues of deportation and extradition arising prior to the accord. The offenses that Mr. McNicholl was accused, but never convicted of, took place almost thirty years ago in the 1970s. What is going on here? Have your senators and members of congress find out exactly what the administration, the INS, the Department of Homeland Security is up to. They and we need to have answers and then we need justice, not only for the McNicholls, but also for those that will surely follow. Concern for new US/UK Extradition Treaty We are also distressed by the implications of the proposed, new US/UK Supplemental Extradition Treaty. This treaty must not be pushed or bullied through without thorough debate. Ask your Senators to put a hold on this treaty until it can be fully assessed. All senators can be accessed through the congressional switchboard 202-225- 3121. The three Irishmen on trial in Colombia made a surprise appearance in court for the first time in their trial on Wednesday as the lengthy proceedings draw to a close. They vehemently protested their innocence of training FARC guerillas, reasserting their position that they had been in Colombia, like many other international visitors, to observe the peace process. The men singled out the British and US embassies in Bogota for special criticism, accusing them of spreading misinformation about them from the outset. The previous day, the head of Colombia's armed forces, in what the men's supporters believe is part of an ongoing campaign by Colombia's political and mili- We're innocent Colombia accused testify in court tary establishment to put pressure on the trial judge, publicly called for their conviction. N i a 1 1 Connolly, Martin McCauley and Jim Monaghan have been charged with the use of false public documentation and training the FARC. They have been in custody for nearly two years. 5** The trial began on 4 October last and since it began it has stopped and started seven times. Following the summing up by the prosecution on Monday, each of the men made statements to the court on Wednesday. The defense will begin its summation on Thursday. Caitriona Ruane of the Bring Them Home Campaign said: Niall Connolly, Martin McCauley and Jim Monaghan have taken the opportunity to give their version of events and come to the court. We are calling on the Colombian government to rein in their military now and to stop their attempts to intimidate the judge. There is no evidence in this case, the military know it, the prosecutor knows it, the Colombian government knows it and the world knows it. The Colombian authorities should send these men home to their families. The Irish government should be calling for the release of the men. This is a farcical show trial. Full coverage inside, Pages 8/9 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index b03b67983..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page10/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Paee 10 The Irish People August 9 -August 15, 2003 Protecting human rights or the state? In the first of a two-part series on the embattled Six-County Human Rights Commission, UNA GILLESPIE explains why nationalists are unimpressed by the Commission's performance to date and outlines the changes necessary to secure the implementation of a satisfactory human rights agenda. What confidence can nationalists have left in the Human Rights Commission given the revelations of the last few months? This month, wc have seen the resignation of a fourth Commissioner, Patrick Yu, and the publication of a damning report by the British Joint Parliamentary Committee on Human Rights and the revelation of the breaches of the Commission's independence by the then RUC and the role of the Chief Commissioner in that debacle. These events came after the previous resignations in September 2002 of two respected Commissioners, Inez McConnack and Professor Christine Bell, and the resignation the previous year of Angela I legarty. They also came following controversy over the attitude of Chief Commissioner Bricc Dickson towards the parents and children of the Holy Cross primary school. Professor Dickson visited the Ardoyne road on a morning when the abusive protest was ncaring its suspension, met with the protestors from Glenbryn, defended their right to protest and ignored the besieged children and their parents. His attitude then lias illuminated his behavior regarding the Holy Cross protest since. The latest revelations come after the NIO rejected the majority of the 25 recommendations from the February 2001 Review of the Commission's powers. The major issue that review and a subsequent independent review undertaken by Peter Hosking from the United Nations emphasized was that the Commission was restricted by the lack of power a to compel witnesses and documents b to take cases in it own name and c to have unimpeded access to certain institutions. A long list of issues and events has added urgency to the need to review the entire role and remit if the Commission and to ensure speedy interventions to rebuild damaged confidence and ensure the vigorous defense and protection of human rights of all people. Nationalists viewed the Human Rights Commission established under section 68 of the Nl Act 1998 as a fundamental element of the Good Friday Agreement. The report from the British government's Joint Committee on Human Rights, however, has brought into focus and into the public arena the fissures that have been appearing in the Inez McCormack Human Rights Commission for a long time. The report examined the work of the Commission under a number of headings: - Independence and impartiality - The appointments process - Funding and resources - Powers and functions - Effectiveness. The report by and large reflects the concerns of a number of organizations that gave evidence to the committee during its deliberations. Must damning was probably the evidence given by Christine Bell and Inez Me Cormack. The list of issues that they outlined is as follows: - The government's lack of commitment to ensuring that the Commission lives up to the vision set out in the Agreement of a Commission: It has been our experience that paper commitments to human rights which are not implemented, also stand to undermine both the Agreement and human rights protection generally. - The failure of the Commission to establish a clear focus and strategic direction. - The Commission was routinely ignored by government departments and other public bodies. - The lack of powers for the Commission for many of its core functions and a lack of investigative powers. - The entire process of the consultation on and formulation of a draft Bill of Rights for the North as outlined in the Good Friday Agreement. The Commission from the outset was deeply divided over the approach to be taken to a Bill of Rights and there was a lack of coordination over this project internally. - The fact that core funding is provided by the NIO and additional finance has to be continued on page 12 O'Dwyer Bernstein, LLP Brian O'Dwyer Gary Silvennan Christopher Downcs Victor Greco Cody McCone Thomas J. Hughes, Jr. Gary P. Rothman Janine I lobert Steven C. Kassarda Attorneys-at-Law Concentrating in: Construction Accidents Scaffolding Accidents Automobile Accidents Personal Injury Medical Malpratice Wills and Estates No Charge for Consultations Serving the Irish American Community for over 75 years 52 Duane Street - New York - NY, 10007 Tel: (212) 571-7100 Fax: (212) 571-7124 Nassau Office by Appointment Only Tel: (212) 248-4224 Frank Durkan Anne M. Paxton Steve A. Aripotch J.P. Delaney David H. Schultz Michael Carroll Kathleen M. Kilduff Jana Sperry Tom Ryan US government to fund PSNI training The US House of Representatives has voted in favor of government funding to train both the PSNI and the Gardai. It is the first time either of the two houses of Congress has voted to allocate such funds and, once passed into law, the measure will authorize the US government aid agency USAID to fund the training of both forces and encourage inter-force co-operation. In the past, Congress had resisted funding the RUC and PSNI due to human rights concerns, but the amendment, which was introduced by New York Congressman Joe Crowley this past week, was not debated and was passed without controversy. The Bill will allow USAID to provide computer- based, human rights and other professional training to the PSNI and the Gardai for the purposes of fostering greater co-operation and communication between the two forces. Sinn Fein spokesperson on policing, Gerry Kelly, expressing his disappointment at the decision, said acceptable policing is still a work in progress. While this is a well meaning attempt to advance the goal of an acceptable policing service, the reality on the ground is that the benchmark has not yet been achieved, because the British government choose to dilute the Patten proposals, says Kelly. In 1999, the US halted the funding of FBI training for RUC officers in the wake of controversy surrounding the killings of lawyers Pat Finucane and Rosemary Nelson. The ban was lifted in 2002 but it was announced that any officers going to train in the US would be vetted to ensure they had no link to the Finucane case. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index f57c10ec7..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page11/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 11 Movie Review: The Magdalene Sisters By Linda Coleman There's a recurring pattern in human history. First, the strong oppress the weak and do vile things to them behind locked doors, in the name of God, patriotism or a combination of the two. Next, the stories get out somehow, cither because the weak turn out to be stronger than expected and live to tell their own stories, or the stories are found after the fact in journals left behind. Instead of apologizing and admitting wrongdoing, the former oppressors start a major damage control campaign, denying everything and denouncing the stories as outrageous accusations. Finally, a filmmaker comes along, decides to bring the story to the film- going public, and takes heaps of abuse for telling it like it was. Writer/director Peter Mullan first heard the story of the Magdalene Asylums when he was channel surfing and ran across the documentary Sex in a Cold Climate. At the Q A following the press screening in Dallas, Mullan admitted crying like a baby over the story, then becoming angry - especially when it was reported that the Vatican received 8,000 phone calls following the airing of the documentary, reporting similar cases of abuse at the hand of the church; the official report from the Vatican dismissed the complaints, explaining that the documentary had caused a bad case of mass hallucination. Mullan, a self-described political animal. was determined to bring the story of the Magdalenes to a wider audience, and made his own film, which opened in 2002 at the Venice Film Festival to a hostile reception from the Catholic church. Priests attempted to intimidate audience members into staying awa b gt; filming those who went into the theater, hut the controversy had the opposite effect and propelled his small, low-budgel film into Italy's top five slot for eleven weeks The story of the Magdalene Asylums is perhaps the darkest chapter of Free State history, a cautionary tale on the importance of separation of church and state. The church, given free reign to exert control over Irish society, enacted what amounted to internment, imprisoning wayward women in workhouses disguised as kind Catholic charitable institutions helping women cleanse their souls while doing laundry for hotels, restaurants and wealthy parishioners. Peter Mullan's script is based on interviews with Magdalene survivors, and he uses four central characters to tell the story. There's Crispina (Eileen Walsh) who has a baby out of wedlock and watches him grow into boyhood from a distance, peering at him across the yard when her sister brings him to the locked gate while the girls arc hanging out laundry. Rose (Dorothy Duffy) also has a baby out o ' wedlock and is forced by her parents into giving the child up for adoption. Margaret (Anne- Marie Duff) is taken away to the Magdalene asylum by her parents, after being raped by her cousin, and Bernadette (Nora-Jane Noonc) is taken away from her family in the night, a tier being caught flirting with boys thought the fence at her school. All of the actresses give heartbreaking, realistic performances; as a director, Mullan lets Ins actors o ' ' the leash to connect with the material and create their own unique performances with very little input on his part. They all excel in their roles and will make you weep for them, as you would for your own sister, daughter, or mother. Geraldine MeF.wan gives a steely-eyed Shakespearean performance as Sister Bridget, the nun in charge of the laundry; she resists what surely must have been a temptation to imbue her role with a Cruella de Vil characterization, and goes for a realistic, chilling, understated cruelty. The film has its share of dark Irish humor, and a satisfying ending with the survivors coming out stronger than ever. Parts of the film may be difficult for some viewers, though, especially a scene that contains full frontal nudity. But at the Q A in Dallas, Mullan said that the one thing he heard over and over from Magdalene survivors is that the nuns made the girls stand naked in front of them and made demeaning comments about their bodies. In Scotland, Mullan was asked by audience members if he could have filmed it differently, with only a head and shoulder shot of the girls; Mullan was adamant, saying, To not show it clinically would be titiilation...for the political animal in me, the girls had to get the recogni- lion they deserve and an apology from the church who let them down. There's another recurring theme in human history, the strong forcing the weak to suffer the degradation of nakedness. The British forced the heroes of 1916 to stand naked in the freezing cold, allowed the H-block POWs to go naked rather than give them their own clothes to wear, and they used forced strip searches to degrade and intimidate republican female prisoners in Armagh jail; the Nazis dehumanized the Jews in the same way before murdering them in the gas chambers of Auschwitz. To be coy with the camera would do an injustice to those who suffered, so filmmakers and actors, like Peter Mullan and his brave company of players, commit themselves to showing the cruelty full out, hoping that their effort will shock humanity into being kind to one another. Reviewed at advanced screening in Dallas, .Inly 9, with Peter Mullan in attendance. Nial Connelly continued from page 9 undermine the Colombian peace process. The so-called forensic evidence has been proven to be false. Our arrests and the mass of information and false stories that have followed have also been used to damage and undermine the Irish peace process. The Irish peace process is at an advanced stage. Yet more work needs to be done. My friends have spoken about the process of political recognition and status, the process of negotiations between the governments of Ireland, Britain and America and Irish republicans. Since our arrest the Fiscal prosecutor , instead of fulfilling his duty and responsibilities to guarantee that justice is done, has arrogantly thrown the presumption of innocence into the dustbin, along with the independence of his institution. The Fiscal has failed to guarantee that procedures are respected and that the evidence is analyzed in a just and impartial way. Confidential details about our case have been given to the media to upset and damage our opportunity to get a fair trial. Fabricated foren- sics was allowed, while DAS tests that showed that there were no traces of explosives or drugs were kept out. We have been placed in jails in Colombia under the recommendation of the Fiscal while our lives have been in danger, and in the opinion of one judge, who ordered our transfer, we have been subject to degrading and inhumane treatment. Obstacles have been placed in our way and that of our lawyers when wc were trying to prepare our defense. Our lawyers' lives are in danger because of the statements made in the media, many of them by prominent politicians. Our lawyers from Colombia and Ireland will show that without a shadow of a doubt thai wc arc not guilty as charged. They will also show that this case should never have been brought to this court. I am not guilty of the charges laid against me. I come here today to remind the Fiscal of my rights, my international rights of the Presumption of Innocence. The determination of our families and the Bring Them Home Campaign led by Caitriona Ruane, ihe presence of international observers from Australia, the United Slates, Ireland and the presence of the Irish government observers at this trial, the messages from all around the world of support and the active support of thousands of people in Ireland has given us much moral support and 1 thank you from the bottom of my heart. Kelly murder case reopened Family reject new probe and demand independent review BY AINE Ne BHRIAIN The family of an independent nationalist councilor, Patrick Kelly, who was assassinated 29 years ago, has said they will not cooperate with a new PSNI inquiry and are demanding an independent judicial review into the killing. Patrick Kelly, a 33-year-old father of three, disappeared on 24 July 1974, after locking up the Corner Bar in the village of Trillick, Co Tyrone. Later that same night, bloodstains, shirt buttons, and cartridge cases were found on the roadside a mile from the town. Kelly's body was not found until three weeks later, after a fisherman spotted something on the surface of Lough Eyes in County Fermanagh, nearly ten miles away. Kelly had been shot several times and there were two 561b agricultural weights tied to his body. The UDA later claimed responsibility for the killing. To date, no one has been arrested, questioned or charged with the death of the independent councilor, but nationalists have long asserted that UDR checkpoints were operating in the area on the night Kelly disappeared. Then, in 1999, a former UDR man reportedly broke down in public and confessed to witnessing the murder. The man is said to have wept openly in a bar before naming six of his fellow UDR members as participants in the killing. This past Tuesday, 29 July, the PSNI suddenly announced they would reopen the investigation, but they have neglected to reveal why. One of those expected to be questioned is former DUP Assembly member Oliver Gibson, who is also a former UDR soldier. Gibson says he has nothing to hide and insisted that any suggestions that he knew something about the killing were groundless. I have nothing to hide and nothing to fear, he said. As far as I am concerned there is no story to do with me in all this. I do not believe I am a suspect of any kind. The best thing at the moment is for me to say nothing and let the PSNI get on with it. In the meantime, Kelly's brother, Omagh Sinn Fein councilor Peter Kelly, says that the PSNI decision to reopen the case came totally out of the blue and that his family has no faith in its outcome. Wc are not happy to cooperate with continued on page 15 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index bd018f47d..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page12/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Paee 12 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 Taoiseach's Dail mandate is to demand autumn election Cavan patriot remembered in Killnaleck Speaking in Killnaleck. Co Cavan, at the unveiling of a monument to IRA Captain Edward Boylan, who was killed in the Civil War, Sinn Fein TD Caoimhghin O'Caolain said the Taoiseach's clear mandate from the Dail was to demand of Tony Blair that the postponed Assembly elections be held in the autumn. The Cavan/Monaghan TD said people did not vote for Direct Rule when they voted for the Agreement and he called on the Taoiseach to convene a special summit with the British Prime Minister. Captain Edward Boylan died, aged 21, on 25 July 1922 after being fatally wounded in the course of an escape attempt from Cavan Military Barracks. Members of the Boylan family participated in Sunday's well-attended commemoration. Recalling the era in which he died, i Caolain said: The tragedy of the Civil War in which Edward Boylan died was brought about primarily because the British government was determined to impose its will and retain its grip on Ireland. It saw dial it could do so, in the words of Winston Churchill with an economy of British lives by partitioning Ireland. We owe to republicans like Edward Boylan the degree of freedom we have today. They drove the British forces from 26 Counties. They were denounced in their day by clerics and 'constitutional' politicians as 'gunmen and terrorists'. Many still refuse to recognize the reality that Irish independence had to be fought for, not because we are a warlike people, but because repeated efforts by peaceful means were thwarted by British political intransigence and coercion. This week marks another significant anniversary' - the 200th anniversary of Robert Emmet's Rising in Dublin. Emmet asked thai his epitaph not be written until Ireland takes her place among the nations of the earth. It is too early yet to write that epitaph. Republicans are determined lo see Emmet's epitaph written in our time, to see a 32-County republic taking ils proud place among the nations. The current impasse in the peace process is totally unacceptable to republicans. It is totally unacceptable also to the vast majority of people on this island. When the people voted for the Good Captain Ibuxmb Philip Boylon I.R.A. 1901 - 22 Friday Agreement they did not vote for Direct Rule from Westminster. Yet that is what we have now - Direct Rule and political drill with the institutions so painstakingly constructed now in suspension at the behest of anti- Agreement unionism. A British government that falser) boasts that it is a champion of freedom on the international stage has twice cancelled democratic elections in Ireland and four times suspended the institutions established under the Good 1 riday Agreement. In May, the entire Dail called for the postponed elections to be rescheduled for this autumn. The autumn is rapidly approaching yet there is no sign that the British government is preparing lo hold elections. I call on the taoiseach Bertie Ahern to arrange a special summit meeting with British Prime Minister Tony Blair to discuss not whether, but when this autumn the elections will be held. The Taoiseach's mandate from the continued on page 13 Human Rights continued from page 10 applied for to the NIO: It in effect gives the government direct control over what projects should be carried forward and the shape in which they are carried forward. An example of the latter point was submitted as evidence. A letter in May 2002 was sent from an employee in the NIO to the Commission regarding applications for funding for investigations. It read: Ministers are content, in principle, to provide the funding for the investigations into the inquest system and controversial deaths. However, they have a genuine concern that this work must not prejudice future legal proceedings or cut across work being done by others, including the international judge... Release of the 30,000 associated with these investigations is therefore conditional upon your supplying further particulars and agreeing with us in advance the terms of reference for these reviews so that we can satisfy Ministers that no such problems could arise. Bill of Rights undermined Other organizations had listed the problems with the Bill of Rights process. Sinn Fein, in its submission, stated that the Commission's consultation document actually diluted specific guarantees of the Good Friday Agreement in relation to equality and parity of esteem. The Human Rights Commission also promoted a more minimal approach to the interpretation of the Framework Convention for the protection of national minorities. In his submission, Professor Chris McCrudden, Chair of Human Rights at Lincoln College, Oxford, outlined the core problems with the Bill of Rights process, summing up: There is now, however, a significant degree of consensus, that the NIHRC's document is not the way forward. This is not surprising. The document is the product of a radically divided NIHRC... Documents of the kind that the Commission was mandated to produce need to be visionary, technically authoritative, politically astute and comprehensive. The Commission's document is unfortunately none of these. In large measure, the chorus of criticism to which the document has been subjected is justified. It is sloppy, rushed, internally inconsistent, technically unconvincing and lacking any coherent vision. He also outlined some of the other core problems with the Bill of Rights, namely: - Failure to consider the relationship between the Bill of Rights proposal and existing equality legislation - No clarity about the potential legal status of such a Bill - The issue of the protection of Minorities: The NIHRC document, over the dissent of some members, apparently, has interpreted the Convention protection of 'minorities' as encompassing protection of communities of identity more generally and views this protection as therefore equally applicable to majority identity communities. - No attempt to define what the conflict in the North had been about: The Commission has not attempted to define the particular circumstances of Northern Ireland . - The consultation documents does not adequately address the relationship between equality, identity and socio-economic rights. In order to address the problems around the Bill of Rights, Professor Mc Crudden makes a recommendation that was later reflected in the recommendations from the Joint Committee: A fresh start is necessary. It seems unlikely that the Commission will be able to achieve what is necessary. The Commission should recognize that fact... an alternative process for progressing the project must be devised... the bare bones of such a process are clear: the establishment of a forum outside the Commission, with participation from the Northern Ireland political parties and civil society, under an independent chair, advised by an expert secretariat. The results of any consensus that emerged over time would then be presented by the NIHRC to the Secretary of State as its advice as envisaged by the Belfast Agreement. Independence and representativeness A major issue for the Joint Committee and a number of organizations that gave evidence was the representativeness of the Commission and its independence. Sinn Fein, in its submission, said: The HRC is unrepresentative in composition of wider society and is therefore unbalanced in terms of community background, gender and religious balance. Presently the composition is skewed towards a majority of those from a unionist background, a matter further compounded by the recent appointment of a unionist politician.' The issue of representation and appointment of Commissioners has highlighted the lack of independence of the NIO appointments procedure and compounded by the fact that a criterion for appointment does not include the necessity to have any human rights knowledge or experience. An example of the lack of representativeness occurred with the resignation of Angela Hegarty from the Commission. After a long delay, one Catholic female commissioner was replaced by one Protestant female, one unionist politician, one male Catholic and Patrick YU from the Northern Ireland Committee for Ethnic Minorities, who later resigned his post. For nationalists, the appointment of the UUP's Chris Mc Gimpsey was a clear signal that any vestige of independence of the Commission had been wiped away. Later evidence has come to light to prove that that has been the case. It is too early to know how the Human Rights Commission will respond to the recommendations from the Joint Committee, but one thing is certain. Unless drastic action is taken to remedy the situation to ensure that the Commission fulfils the letter and spirit of the Good Friday Agreement then we will have to stand by and watch another pillar of the Agreement collapse in on itself because of political interference, lack of championship of human rights and the failure to honestly address the issues of the conflict and inequalities and human rights abuses. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 63555725d..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page13/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -August 9-August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 13 r lt; , / Saturday, August 9th Toms River, NJ - The Annual AOH festival at Huddy Park on the Toms River will be held from 10am to 5pm. Jersey Shore Irish Northern Aid will have a booth at the festival selling merchandise and providing information. If you're in the area stop by and visit us. Saturday, August 16th Brick, NJ - The 11th Annual Picnic at the Shore will be held at the VFW on Adamston Rd. from Noon to 5:00pm. Entertainment will be provided by Willie Lynch and his band. Food, beer, soda and lots of fun for one reasonable donation of 20 per person (senior citizens 15 and kids under 12 FREE). Merchandise will be available. For information on tickets or directions call Mary Lou at 732-295-5471. Taoiseach's mandate continued from page 12 Dail is to accept no less from Tony Blair. The political process is being held hostage by the now dominant anti-Agreement faction in the Ulster Unionist Party. On Friday last, David McNarry, a leading aide lo David Trimble, accused Jeffrey Donaldson of 'trying to cynically side-step democratic decisions'. This is rich indeed coming from a UUP leadership that has thwarted the implementation of the Agreement at every turn. The current impasse makes it more important than ever for the Taoiseach to provide for representation in the Dfiil for citizens in the Six Counties. This will be Sinn Fein's most immediate demand as soon as the Dail resumes. Sinn Fein will continue efforts at every level to break the impasse. But we cannot wait forever and if the unionists continue to make the Agreement unworkable then the Irish government must sit down and work out with the other nationalist parties how we proceed and what demands wc make of the British government. It was nationalist Ireland that brought about the peace process. If necessary nationalist Ireland must also move it into a new phase. * A booklet on Captain Edward Boylan has been published by Cavan Sinn Fein. It can be obtained from the Cavan Sinn Fein Office, 39 College Street, Cavan. Phone 049 4373510. Books wanted Do you have any good books you wouldn't mind parting with? If so, the republican prisoners in Castlerea would be most happy to take them oft your hands. Please contact Sean Kind, Castlerea Prison, Castlerea, Co. Roscommon, Ireland. Celtic Crossings Radio Show KCTE 1510 AM - Kansas City On the web at www.1510.com Produced by the Padraic Pearse Division AOH Irish music, news and views Tune in every Sunday 1 lam to Noon (central time) Live streaming on the internet Phone - in line: 913-491-TALK (8255) Join co-hosts Jerry Hayes and Jacob Cox, Irish Northern Aid members for the best in Irish music, current news and the interviews from Ireland WRITE TO THE PRISONERS CAMPAIGN Please remember the following political prisoners with a card or letter. Thank you. Slan. God Bless, Mike Duffy IPOW writing campaign IRISH POLITICAL PRISONERS Name Conor Claxton Nial Connolly Ken Fitzgerald Kieran Kiely Sean Kind Martin McAuley Pearse McCauley James Monaghan Walter Nagle Michael Nugent John O'Hagan Michael O'Neill John Quinn Gerry Sheehy Kevin Walsh Birthday Sept. 4 July 7 Feb. 25 Dec. 20 Nov. 12 Dec. 1 Nov. 9 Aug. 8 Aug. 23 Dec. 2 Dec. 2 Dec. 10 Nov. 8 June 15 April 6 Prison Allenwood, PA PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea PISA 1, Colombia Castlerea Castlerea Maghaberry Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea Castlerea ADDRESSES Maghaberry Prison H.M. Prison Magheberry Old Mill Road Ballinderry, Co. Antrim BT28 2PT North Ireland Castlerea Prison Castlerea Prison Castlerea Co. Rosscommon Ireland Allenwood Prison Conor Claxton 55002-004 FCI Allenwood PO Box 1000 White Deer, PA 17887 Magilligan Prison Martin Corden H.M.Prison Magilligan Magiiligan Point, Limavady Co. Derry BT49 OLR North Ireland PISA 1, Colombia Carcel National de Colombia Alta Seguridad La Modelo Bogota, Colombia Please be aware that in most cases the prisoners are very restricted as to what they can and can not receive. If you intend on sending some type of parcel it would be advisable to check with someone who knows the restrictions. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ae1d319bf..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page14/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Page 14 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 Sinn Fein opposes GM in Ireland Calls for nationwide consultation Free v?s v BY ROISIN DE ROSA Sinn Fein delivered a serious challenge to both governments on Tuesday, in calling on both to have regard to Irish interests and keep the island free of Genetically Modified (GM) seeds and foods. Agriculture spokesperson Gerry McHugh delivered a sharp call on behalf of all Irish fanners to Agriculture Minister Joe Walsh to institute a nationwide consultation on the important issue of GM that, he said, could irreversibly damage Irish farming interests. He was speaking at a press conference in Dublin chaired by the city's EU election candidate Marylou McDonald. Sinn Fein believes that the island of Ireland, which exports four fifths of our agricultural produce, cannot afford to allow GM seeds and foodstuffs into the country, he said. Organic fanning, which is a niche market upon which the very survival of Irish agriculture may well depend, will be wiped out and our image of 'green clean' food obliterated. We urgently need nation wide all Ireland consultation. This island cannot allow one part to opt for GM crops or food while the other part stays free. Cross contamination of hybrid plants and crops will contaminate the whole island, Gerry McHugh pointed out. Recently, Martin Ferris and myself went to Brussels and talked to the EU people about this and other agricultural issues, where Ministers in London and Dublin are not protecting all Irish interests. In the next few weeks, we will be meeting again with the ministers here, with North/South bodies, to impress on them the need to institute real consultation with fanners' organizations, with NGOs and with consumers across our island who maybe do not want to cat foods of which the effects on health arc most uncertain. People have a right to be consulted about what they eat , said Marylou. She pointed out that the EU Council of Ministers had only last week formally approved guidelines prohibiting national and regional governments from banning the use of GM organisms. What position arc our EU MEPs taking on this issue? What is the Dublin government doing? Nothing. Minister Walsh told Martin Ferris in the Dail on 17 June that he has no plans to institute a fonnal public consultation process. Yet, she went on, there is still scope for member states to prevent the cultivation of GM crops in some zones. Are we going to allow Minister Walsh to let this issue go by default? We should not allow Ireland to be pushed down the road to GM by the EU, still less by ministers' slevccn attitudes to multi-million dollar corporations that seek to corner the world's food production. Marylou scotched claims that GM foods will boost production and alleviate food shortages in the world. Quite the contrary is the case, she said. Yields on GM crops are lower by some 15 than with normal varieties, and far more costly to the farmer to grow. Per capita food production has outstripped population growth over the last 30 years by 15 . People starve today because they cannot afford food, not because it is in scarce supply. Monsanto's terminator seeds, where farmers arc obliged to purchase a chemical spray to turn on the reproductive capacity of the seed, or Round-up Ready Soya, which makes the plants resistant to all other weed killers and so obligates farmers to buy Monsanto's 'Round-up weed killer,' these GM seeds ensure that farmers have to buy Monsanto's chemical products. Do our farmers want to be in hock to Monsanto's empire? At least they could be asked first. We must expose the myth that GM increases agricultural productivity. The real motivation behind the drive to force GM on the globe is to tighten the control of multinationals on the entire food chain from seed to sale. Several NGOs, including Oxfam, the Countryside Alliance and Trocaire, all represented at the conference, raised wider issues of Fair Trade and the need to push the EU and member states to support fair trade. Marylou herself pointed out that GM food issues was just one part of the wider agenda of the 'richer' countries to allow corporations to patent life forms, under the Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and she appealed to NGOs to join together in a call for immediate public consultation. I do not believe, Gerry said, that the people of this island support cither GM foods or would like to realize they arc directly responsible for the impoverishment and suffering in developing world countries because our ministers and the EU will not support fair trade amongst nations. Wc need these issues to be discussed across all of Ireland, before the Cancun World Trade Organisation negotiations take place in September, and ministers need to listen to what is said. Maskey honored in Ardara The Sinn Fein Cumann in Ardara, County Donegal, last weekend held a successful function to honour Alex Maskey the first republican Lord Mayor of Belfast. Maskey, who was first elected to Belfast City Council over 20 years ago, spoke of his involvement in republican struggle over the years before presenting local Sinn Fein representative Pearse Doherty and chairperson of the local cumann. Padraig Mac Suibhne, with a commemorative plaque, one of only 25 in existence issued to mark his tenure in office. Pictured (L to R) Pearse Doherty, Alex Maskey, Padraig Mac Suibhne 1803 Rising remembered in Clonakilty Cumann Seanchais Chloich na Coillte (Clonakilty Historical Society) organized a commemoration last Wednesday evening to remember the bicentenary Robert Emmet's ill-fated rising in Thomas Street, Dublin, on 23 July 1803. While there was no action locally at that time, four men with known associations with the United Irishmen movement were arrested that morning in Clonakilty. At 8pm, approximately 30 people, including a contingent of Croppies from Shannonvale, gathered at the Convent of Mercy, where stood Scartagh Cottage where the arrests took place. Traolach i Donnabhain of An Cumann Seanchais extended a Cead Mile I-'ailtc to everyone and St. Eileen McSwecncy of the convent read out a short history of the cottage and the grotto, which now stands on the site. Tim Crowley outlined that Dr William Callanan, who resided at the cottage, was arrested with an Ulster Presbyterian and known agitator for Catholic Emancipation, William Todd Jones, Fr David Walsh, the then Parish Priest of Barryroe (and later of Clonakilty), and a John Gould from Ardfield. Sinn Fein Councilor Cionnaith i Soilleabhain is pictured reading sections from Emmet's 1803 Proclamation of the Republic. The proclamation called for an independent Ireland, religious tolerance and distribution of the wealth of the nation. It also advocated civil and human rights for all. including prisoners of war and the abolition of the tithes. Colombia Three support Mary Madden, proprietor of the Bridge Bar Bundoran, is pictured handing over a check to Madeleine Connolly, mother of Niall Connolly, at a recent function held for the Bring Them Home Campaign. Also pictured are Sinn Fein Councilor Michael McMahon and his daughter in law, Mary Connolly. The committee expressed their thanks to everybody who donated to the campaign and to all who turned up on the night. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fb53605f4..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page15/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -August 9 -August 15, 2003 The Irish People Page 15 Irish Lesson 34 PRONUNCIATION REVIEW The group ch in Irish may still be difficult for you to pronounce. If it is next to a broad vowel, a, o, u , it receives the aspirated sound of broad c . This sound is like that in the German word ach . Pronounce it by lowering the raised back of the tongue somewhat while you pronounce a broad c , which is like the (k) in coat or lock . Try the English word lock and then aspirate the (k) sound. This is similar to the Irish word lach (law*k*). Then say: loch (lohk*), duch (dook*), croch (krohk*), gach (gahk*), sach (saw*k*). If the broad ch starts a word, it is still pronounced (k*) and not (h) in most cases. Try: cota (KOH-tuh), chota (K*OH- tuh), chail (k*aw*l), chaill (k*eyel), chuaigh (K*00-ig). We use the symbok (k*) for the pronunciation of this sound. If the ch is nest to e, i , again lower the tongue somewhat while you pronounce the slender c , which is like the (k) sound in the English kill . The result will be a sound like y in English you , but with a slight (h) sound before it. Try: chill (hyil), cheannaigh (HYAN-ee), cheim (hyay*m). Inside or at the end of a word, the sound can be much like an (h), as in: fiche (FI- he), crich (kree). The last word is pronounced differently from cri (kree) at its end, but our simplified pronunciation guide does not take this into account. Instead, you must watch for this --ch ending yourself. You may have seen anglicized place names and family names with a gh group in them, such as Lough Erne or O'Loughlin . This gh was mistakenly adopted in the 19th century as the equivalent of the broad ch in Irish. The non- Irish speaker tends to pronounce lough as (loh) or (lawk), although it should be pronounced (lohk*), as if it were spelled properly: loch , lake. Lochlainn means Scandinavia (or Denmark), and a Lochlannach is a Scandinavian. VOCABULARY Masculine Nouns hata (HAHT-uh), hat briste (BREESH-te), trousers ceann (kyoun), head madra (MAH-druh) dog doras (DUH-ruhs) door halla (HAHL-uh), hall Feminine Nouns cuid, an chuid (kwid, un k*wid), part fearthainn, an fhearthainn (FAR-in, un AR-in), rain scachtain, an tseachtain (SHAHKT- in, un TYAHK*T-in), week Verbs bris, ag briseadh (brish, uh BRISH- uh), break cas, ag casadh (kahs, uh KAHS-uh), turn fill, ag filleadh (fil, uh FIL-uh), return stop, ag stopadh (stohp, uh STOHP- uh), stop tosaigh, ag tosu(TUH-see, uh TUH- soo), begin thosaiomar (huh-SEE-uh-muhr), we began DRILL 1. Review the form Ceardeseo? (kay*rd ay* shuh) Is leabhare. An leabhar more? Nihea, ach leabhar beag. Go through this with the following groups: bord, bord gorm (GUH-ruhm), bord dearg (DYAR-ruhg) hata, hata ban, hata dubh halla, halla gcal, halla dorcha doras, doras dunta, doras oscailte briste, briste nua, seanbhriste madra, madra mor, madra beag 2. We will now work with the Lcsson- 20 vocabulary for a drill. Verbal adjectives for bain, ith, cnag, andol are: bainte, ite, cnagtha,61ta Tascag ithc an arain is He is eating the bread . Change this to He ate the bread and to He has eaten the bread . Before you look at the Key below, do the same with: si, ag ithe an bricfeasta me, ag ithe mo loin sinn, ag ithe feola siad, agol bainne tii, agol tae me. agol uisce se, agol chaife siad, agol beorach Sean, ag ithe arain Key: D'ith sean t-aran, taan t-aran ite aige. D'ith sian bricfeasta; ta... aici. D'ith memo Ion; ta... again. D'itheamar feoil; ta... againn. D'61 siad bainne; tabainne olta acu. D'61 tiitae; ta... agat. D'61 meuisce; ta... again. D'61 sea chaife; ta.. aige. D'61 siad beoir; ta... acu. D'ith Sean an t-aran; ta...aige. CONVERSATION Mairin (maw*-REEN): Candeachaigh hiinne? Chonaic mehiag dul sios an bothar go luath. Where did you go yesterday? 1 saw you going down the road early. Pol (pohl): Chuala mego raibheadach saor ag na siopaisa chathair. Isteach liom ar an traein, ach nifhaea merud ar bith arbh fhiudom a cheannach. Niraibh moran daoine aim, ach oiread. I heard that clothes were cheap at the stores in the city. In 1 went on the train, but I didn't sec anything worth buying. There weren't many people there cither. Mairin: Nar chuala mego bhfuil na praghsamia (PREYE-suh-nuh) ag dul sios anois? Didn't I hear that the prices are going down now? Pol: Nior chuala mee, agus nifhaea mcc, ach oiread. Cheannaigh melcine agus briste, agus ansin thainig meabhaile faoi dhcireadh (YER-uh). I didn't hear it, and I didn't see it either. I bought a shirt and trousers, and then I came home finally. Mairin: Nach mor an truae, anois? Isn't it a pity, now? Kelley continued from page 11 this, said Kelly this week, I'm dumbfounded, to be honest. The first I knew about this was when a reporter contacted me. It's a bit of a shock. The PSNI did not even have the courtesy to let anyone know this was happening. I would prefer an independent probe headed by a person from outside the country. As a family we have no faith in the RUC/PSNI to find and charge those responsible. It was not investigated properly when it should have been nearly thirty years ago. The PSNI have brought in a detec tive, Andrew Hunter, from Tyneside in England to conduct the latest investigation, but there are concerns that the detectives working with him could be the same ones originally responsible for the case. Sinn Fein West Tyrone MP Pat Doherty says both Patsy Kelly's family and local people remain convinced that members of the UDR were behind the killing. There have been years of cover- up and obstruction by the RUC, says Doherty, In effect, the RUC assisted Patsy Kelly's killers to escape justice. Many of those officers remain in place and the PSNI are refusing to confirm that these individuals will not be involved in any reinvestigation. There is a real fear that this latest move is nothing more than a further stalling exercise and has indeed been done without consultation with the Kelly family. Peter Kelly agrees with Doherty's assessment. I've always thought there was collusion, he says. There was a great security presence in the area at the time and something like that could not have happened without their knowledge. Meanwhile, the family's solicitor, Pat Fahy, speaking to An Phoblacht, has also expressed his unease over the new investigation. We ask Andrew Hunter to supply the names of the PSNI members who are in the investigating team so that we could check that they were not involved in the original investigation but he refused to do so. Fahy explained that Hunter said in a letter that the PSNI members were worried about their details being given out after the alleged intelligence gathering operation in the RVH in Belfast. All wc want are the names and we said that in a letter sent to Hunter on 16 July. So far, he has not replied, said Fahy. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ea2f7d2d2..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page16/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Page 16 The Irish People August 9 - August 15. 2003 www.sinnfein.ie i web' h fit Hi lt; m H Sii V n nth*He in South Betfe I ( -. f Whip C llr, Sue Ram*: minced that m the nc new party web *he there wc iO0 hhx IdwkJc. Notably, the source of the large.' n . m sarch t fhe BBr 13th Annual Irish Picnic At the Shore SATURDAY, AUGUST 16TH 12:00 - 5:00 pm V.F.W. Post 8867 373 Adamston Road, Brick, NJ (rain or shine - large covered pavilion) Entertainment Willie Lynch and his band Hamburgers, Hotdogs, Salads, Corn on the Cob, Beer, Soda, Coffee/Tea, Watermelon and more Sponsored by Jersey Shore Irish Northern Aid For information, tickets or directions call Mary Lou at 732-295-5471 Tickets SjJto Senior citizens S15 kids under 12 free Leading Civil Rights campaigner dies The funeral of leading civil rights campaigner Oliver Kearney took place from his Dungannon home on Monday 28 July. Kearney, who died following a long illness on Thursday 24 July, was buried after Requiem Mass in St Malachy's Church, Edendork. Kearney fought for many causes during his eventful life, but he will be best remembered as a Iriving force behind the implementation of the fair employment MacBride Principles in the Six Counties. He was sacked from his job at the Licensed Vintners Federation following a television interview where he spoke promoting the MacBride Principles. His dedication was eventually rewarded when he was presented with the Scan MacBride Humanitarian Award. As an activist, Oliver was both fearless and tireless, and his boundless determination saw him rise to become one of the most influential speakers of his generation. In 1991, as General Secretary of the Equality organisation, he took on a new light against the Northern Bank. The Six County-based bank was cited by Equality campaigners over its employ ment practices, which discriminated against Catholics. Kearney was also a spokesperson for the Roisin McAliskcy Justice Group, campaigning to have the pregnant woman released from an English jail. Four years later he graduated from Queen's University with a Master of Social Studies Degree in Irish Studies. Last October, he spoke out against the arrest of his son Ciaran over the Stormont spy ring fiasco. Sinn Fein president Gerry Adams expressed his sympathy to the Kearney family on the death of Oliver describing him as a tireless campaigner against discrimination and inequality. Oliver was a tireless campaigner against discrimination and inequality, and along with his late wife Brigid will be remembered for their efforts across the United States to see the MacBride Principles on fair employment adopted . On behalf of Sinn Fein I would send my condolences to the Kearney family at this sad New faces step in as dual mandate ends BY JOANNE CORCORAN As the new dual mandate law kicks in throughout the 26 Counties, Sinn Fein has been selecting an impressive bunch of new candidates to step into existing council scats. The four Sinn Fein TDs who hold local authority seats are affected by the new legislation. On Sunday, Kerry Sinn Fein selected Toircasa Ni Fhcaraiosa, daughter of Martin Ferris, to replace her father on Kerry County Council. Toircasa studied in UL and received an Honors Degree in Law last month. She said she was very proud to have been selected and even prouder to be a member of a party with the courage and foresight to select a young female candidate. She said that, at 23 years of age, she will be one of only two women on Kerry County Council, which sends a strong political message to the people of Kerry. The fact that you, the members of Sinn Fein, who have been demonized and persecuted so much over the last 30 years, have selected me, a person who joined Sinn Fein at the age of 16 when it was certainly easier and more popular, says a lot about your dedication to the cause of Sinn Fein, said Toireasa. This seat never belonged to my father and it will not belong to me. It belongs to the people and that will never change. She added: Sinn Fein can help reinstall faith amongst my peers in the political system. This government and the governments of the past have failed our young people, with their cozy-cartels and their politics of brown envelopes, corruption, and deception. Following this trend of young candidates, 27-year-old Tomas Sharkey has been selected as replacement for Arthur Morgan on Louth County Council. Addressing the convention, Arthur Arthur Morgan congratulates Tomas Sharkey after his selection by Louth Sinn Fein to replace the TD on Louth County Council Morgan said: I am amazed that four years have passed since I was elected to the Council, it seems more like 19 or 20. At times I felt like I was ploughing a lonely furrow. However I am convinced that after next year's elections my replacement will be part of a strong Sinn Fein team. Tomas, from Kilkerley, is a secondary school teacher of Irish and history and was active in student politics during his time in Queen's University and Maynooth College. He thanked the convention for selecting him, and added: I hope I can be as effective a councilor as Arthur has been. If they thought he was a difficult customer, wait 'til they meet me Louth was busy with conventions last week, selecting four new candidates for the South Louth area for next year's local elections. Mathew Coogan and Imelda Munster were selected to stand for Drogheda Borough Council and for Louth County Council. Dom Wilton was selected to run for Drogheda Borough Council while Tom Cunningham joins the Louth County Council ticket. The Voice of Irish Republicanism in America - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 64c478a34..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Pace 2 The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 NEWS BRIEFS These news items were compiled from a variety of sources. British Army flies UVF flag Sinn Fein councilor Pat McGinn has accused the British Army of glorifying loyalist violence after it was discovered that a UVF flag was hoisted on a stanchion supporting a military spy camera at one of the North's largest British Army bases in Bessbrook in South Armagh. According to McGinn, the UVF flag appeared on the British Army base in Besshrook. It is attached to one of the stanchions used to support spy cameras at the base and it must be stressed that this flag is in such a position that the only people who could have erected it were those inside the base . McGinn called on NIO Security Minister Jane Kennedy to publicly explain why this Hag has been erected and by who and why it has not been removed. Wc have known for many years that the British state forces have shared information, weapons and membership with unionist paramilitaries. It is, however, unusual for such a public display of collusion to be put on display. Taylor threatens to scupper Agreement Leading Ulster Unionist John Taylor has threatened to scupper the entire Good Friday Agreement if the proposed Independent Monitoring Body (1MB) will include a nominee from the Dublin government. UUP leader David Trimble has championed the establishment of the 1MB and nationalists have seen its establishment as another sop by the British government to rejectionist unionism. But, as with other concessions, as soon as they get their cake, unionists want to cat it as well. With two British to the Irish government's single nominee, the British government is set to exercise complete control over the actions of the 1MB. Furthermore, the body must report directly to the NIO Secretary of State who has ultimate power to decide to act or ignore its recommendations. The 1MB is a discriminatory, anti-democratic mechanism, designed to place further burdens on the nationalist electorate in exercising their right to democratic representation. But recent unionist opposition to the 1MB has nothing to do with this; on the contrary, unionist objection is based on opposition to even the appearance of a nationalist dimension within the 1MB. Writing in the London Times, Taylor said he would probably vote against the sanctions body and warned that it could undermine any unionist support lor I lie GFA. He went on to say that the proposal that the Dublin government should nominate a representative to the new body would not win the support of ordinary unionists. Jeffcry Donaldson has also claimed that the participation of an Irish government nominee in any monitoring idle of the StOrmonl Assembly represents a fundamental breach of unionist principles. Adams calls for election date on US visit Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams MP arrived in New York on Tuesday night, where he continued to press the message that the British government has to set a date certain for the elections . The Sinn Fein President told a meeting not only is this a matter of political principle but I believe Mr. Blair can be persuaded to go ahead with the elections if US opinion joins the growing lobby in Ireland demanding that this should happen . Adams left Boston after briefing a Massachusetts Congressional delegation on the current state of the political process. This two-hour meeting with the delegation led by Congressman Richard Ncal and which included Congressman Jim McGovcrn, Congressman Stephen Lynch and Congressman John Tierney, also focused on the very important issue of collusion. In Boston, Adams had addressed the Irish American Partnership luncheon. The event, attended by over 300 people, raises funds for the Irish American Partnership, which provides financial support to community and educational projects in Ireland. On Monday, after a one-hour meting with fed Kennedy in his Boston office, the Sinn Fein president welcomed the US Senator's forthright support for the holding ol'elections in the Six Counties. Adams was due lo meet The National Council on American Foreign Policy's Bill Flynn in New York yesterday, lie will meet with US Special Envoy to Ireland, Richard Haass today, Thursday, when he is expected to put the case strongly that the US do all in its power to ensure that the Assembly elections go ahead. Sectarian intimidation drives Catholics out BY LAURA FRIEL For many years, Antrim was used by the statutory agencies as a dumping ground for anti-social elements excluded from housing in Belfast. A few years ago, drug dealers, armed, ruthless and apparently beyond the law, had held sway, intimidating families and frequently forcing them out. Aine Gribbon had been one of many women who had successfully campaigned to reclaim the estate from criminal intimidation. But now Aine, like many other families within this community, is facing another kind of threat. Last week, the PSNI visited Aine to inform her that her life, and the lives of other prominent local activists, was in imminent danger from loyalist paramilitaries. The PSNI officer who informed the Gribbon family of this death threat was very clear about its source. There was a new UDA leader in Antrim and he intended to kill a number of local republicans to enhance his standing within the loyalist community. But in the back living room of her home, Aine was not preoccupied with the threat against her life but the plight of other members of her community. It was around 10.30pm on Saturday night, said Aine, when about 40 loyalists, mostly men and dressed in black attacked a row of six houses . A few hundred yards from Aine's home, at the bottom end of a large green, six houses occupied by Catholic families in the Stiles estate came under attack. A couple living in one of the houses described all the front windows, upstairs and down, coming in around them simultaneously and with such force that the shattered glass covered the rooms. Aine had been one of a number of local residents to run across the playing field to the scene of the attack. There was a whole crowd of loyalists and only two PSNI officers, said Aine. Later, a CID officer told a resident that the PSNI weren't sure that the attack had been sectarian because some of the families whose homes had been targeted were mixed marriages. The loyalist mob returned on Sunday night and launched an attack on a number of other Catholic homes in the area. During last year's Orange marching season, over 60 Catholic families were forced to flee following loyalist intimidation in Antrim. Having successfully driven many Catholics away from the adjacent Steeples and Park Hall estates, loyalists now appear intent on extending their control in the Stiles area. Local Sinn Fein Councilor Martin McManus says the media portrayal of what is currently occurring in Antrim as 'tit-for-tat' inter-community strife is not only misleading but also adds to the plight of those targeted for intimidation. We are witnessing loyalist paramilitaries intent on creating a divided community by driving Catholics out of a mixed area, he said. To describe that process as 'tit-for-tat' is a dangerous nonsense and buys into the loyalist agenda of making it impossible for Protestants and Catholics to live peacefully within integrated housing. It is a matter of personal pride, that I can tell you that during a period of intense provocation, in which over 300 Catholics have been rendered homeless by loyalist intimidation, not one single Protestant has been intimidated out of this estate. Sectarian retaliation is not an option here; loyalism may thrive on division but republicans are intent upon building a society of equals. O Coileain Irish Imports IRISH AND CELTIC GIFTS 1-800-633-1990 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index ac9c72369..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Paee 3 Official Statement from John McNicholl's family The following statement was delivered by Sean McNicholl, 18, eldest son of John McNicholl on behalf of his family. Issued July 23, 2003 through the Federation of Irish American Societies of the Delaware Valley. I witnessed my father being kidnapped by strange men from our front door and bundled into an unmarked car. I ran down the street after the car but could not catch up to it. I later found out that these people were representatives of the United States Government. I am in high school. I am a citizen of the United States. I was born and raised in this neighborhood, in Upper Darby. This is my home. My friends are here; this is my country; my younger brother and sister and my mother are United States citizens. Can someone from the Bush Administration explain what we are to do, now that they have deported our father? Where is the justice, in the justice dept of the US for my family and me? Who do they expect to help us? Will the Attorney General send a check every week to pay our bills - my little sister's dental bills, for example? My father provided for my family, and me, he is a good father. My mother and my father have lived in this community for many years. My father has lived as a man of peace showing kindness to and support for all around him. We don't understand why our government would crush our family and leave us so broken. My brother and sister and I had dreams of living our lives here in the United States with the support of both our parents. Now we have nightmares, my little sister wakes up screaming, she thinks men will come back and harm us and take us away. I was considering joining the US military after this year, my last year in high school. My younger brother Conall also was thinking about a military career. We are Americans; we still cannot comprehend what has happened to us and to our dad. We feel so violated, so let down, so scared and traumatized by the actions of our government. Are we left no choice other than forced exile from our country, the United States? We hear Mom crying in her room and we know she is scared and worried about dad, and all of us, and what are we all going to do. On Thursday morning my mother called Immigration Deportation Dept, in Philadelphia, the lady who answered the phone acted as if they knew nothing about him. Mom then called Immigration Dept, in York on Friday morning; they presented Dad to her in shackles - my dad, who peaceably went to work every day in Philadelphia for years and had to renew his work authorization at the Immigration Office in Philadelphia every 90 days. Our dad explained to us the harassment his family suffered at the hands of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, a police force, more like a militia, who only protected the interests of the loyalist and unionist community. The British Government has since disbanded this group because of the abuse they leveled at the nationalist community. They are known to have colluded with loyalists in the murder of nationalists and particularly human rights lawyers. Dad told us how the RUC would harass his parents by breaking into their home and entering their bedrooms in the middle of the night at gunpoint. They would utter disparaging remarks about his elderly mother, my grandmother, in her nightgown and would compare her to an old Fenian cow and other crude remarks. Dad was a member of the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, an organization that worked for equality issues for the Nationalist community. Aren't civil rights something worth achieving and defending? The RUC were intent on framing my father, so they said he was involved in terrorist activity and planted weapons where they arrested him. My father escaped from the prison to which he was taken, because he knew that, like so many others in Northern Ireland back then, they would have imprisoned him for most of his life for something he didn't do. The RUC were invited by the US Dept of Justice to come to my father's trial in Philadelphia. Their testimony should not have been believed. This group includ- continucd on page 5 Appeal on behalf of the McNicholl family The family needs funds and they need it quickly. They are trying to get John back and know it's a slim chance. They also have to get the family house in order for sale, as they can't afford it without John. Fundraisers are already being planned but if you want to send donations or have friends who are so motivated they would be most welcomed, Checks are to be made out to: Philadelphia Family Defense Fund 7 South Cedar Lane Upper Darby, Pa. 19082 Maghaberry fails to protect republican prisoner New Lodge man John O'Hagan has already spent 18 months on remand - effectively a three-year sentence - after he was arrested in April 2002 following the controversial raid on Castlereagh PSNI barracks and charged with possession of documents useful to terrorists. He has been denied bail three times by the High Court in Belfast and is awaiting trial in Maghaberry prison. Legal observers say they believe his case may not be heard until Easter 2004 at the earliest. Meanwhile, Maghaberry is ready to explode as a result of the NIO's policy of forced integration between unionists and republicans. The practice has already resulted in prisoners connected to the so-called Continuity and Real IRA groupings taking part in a no-wash protest. And just when it appeared things couldn't get much worse for John O'Hagan. prison officials at Maghaberry decided to house him in a wing alongside several active members of the UDA, including loyalist thugs Andre and Ihab Shoukri, and Mo Courtney. O'Hagan is the only republican to be housed in the wing. Needless to say, this has already led to a number of confrontations between O'Hagan and his loyalist paramilitary neighbors - the most recent of which has spurred allegations that prison officers are endangering his safety. There was an altercation between O'Hagan and Ihab Shoukri on Friday 11 July. It began when the two men exchanged words, which then escalated into a fistfight in full view of prison security cameras. Although prison officers watched the incident intensify from a verbal exchange into a physical confrontation, they did not intervene for a full six minutes, prompting O'Hagan's lawyer to lodge his concerns in a letter to the governor of Maghaberry. The safety of prisoners should be of primary importance to all of those involved in the prison administration, said the solicitor. Clearly, there arc vciy serious questions to be asked as to why this incident was incurred against my client. The ultimate responsibility lies with the governor. According to a document obtained by a Belfast based newspaper, prison officers suspected that a light between both men was imminent but took no action before the disagreement erupted into violence. Shoukri, who has a former conviction for extortion, is currently in jail alongside his colleague Mo Courtney, charged with offences relating to the killing of fellow loyalist Alan McCullough. Sinn Fein's spokesperson for prisoners, Councilor Michael Browne, has called on the NIO for the immediate introduction of segregation, calling it the only sensible policy. The treatment of prisoners like John O'Hagan begs the question: what do the NIO hope to achieve by their current policy of forced integration? he asked. The attack on John O'Hagan took place a fortnight ago. Now there is available evidence to show that the attack developed under the eye of the prison authorities. Is it really the NIO's intention to increase instability and endanger the safety of individuals within the prison? On the basis of this evidence, that's the only conclusion possible. ,. . - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 591b7dfbd..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page4/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -The Irish People August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People 363 SEVENTH AVENUE, SUITE 405 NEW YORK, NY 10001 OPINION IRISH SIDE HOLD KEY TO COLLUSION EXPOSURE The family of Peter Kelly has declared themselves less than impressed with the belated decision of the PSNI to re-open the investigation into the nationalist councilor's 1974 murder. And while that's hardly surprising, it docs go to show that despite recent reforms, nationalists still don't trust the PSNI to delve impartially into its own murky past. In fact, Chief Constable Hugh Orde hardly boosted confidence in his force when lie suggested that his officers couldn't police the past . But is that really hecause of an understandahle lack of resources or because the force wants to let its own sleeping dogs of war lie? If it's the latter, then that just won't wash with nationalists. Those victims of collusion between the state forces and the loyalist paramilitaries have a right to know who pulled the trigger and who, in the back offices of RUC barracks across the North, pulled the file. Any attempt to brush the stale's sordid pasl under the carpet will only result in greater alienation from the PSNI and make the work of building an accountable police service more difficult. And yet, the stand-off between families whether of the hundreds of Catholics murdered by loyalist death-squads 'run' by Special Branch, or the victims of stale forces' killings could be resolved by resolute action from the Irish Government. At present, nationalist victims of collusion have to trudge a weary path through the European courts in their search for justice. For a few, there might be an independent inquiry though even that development can be stymied by the British as the Bloody Sunday Inquiry shows but for the vast majority, the prospect of exposing the (mill is an unlikely one indeed. After all, when individuals, often of limited means, are pitted against the British government, might not right is likely to win out. And Unit's where the Irish Government comes in. Of course, almost all the victims of collusion in the Six Counties are Irish citizens. And thai gives the Irish Government a unique standing in law from which to put right this monumental abuse. In fact, it's more than that. It places an onerous duly on the Irish Government to act; lo speak for those who have been silenced in Britain's Dirty War. livery time a family like the Kellys or the Finucanes or the Nelsons or hundreds of other equally bewildered victims appear on our TV screens lo tell of their lonely struggle lor justice, the Irish Government should hang its head in shame. ' 'here is no reason why these brutalized Irish citizens should have to shoulder this burden unaided. They are citizens of a sovereign country and it's way past time the government of that country stood up for its people. In recent months, faced with the unilateral decision of the British Government to close down the political institutions here, the Irish Government has vowed to act as the defender of nationalist rights. Northern nationalists who have always believed that being abandoned by Dublin literally goes with the territory will take that pledge with a pinch of salt. However, if the Irish Government were to take firm action now on collusion, it would go a long way to easing nationalist fears as wc face into another crisis in the peace process. From lrelandehck.com The Irish People 363 Seventh Avenue New York, NY 10001 Telephone: (212)736-1916 Advertising Dept. fax: (212) 279-1916 Editorial Dept e-mail: irishpeoplepaper aol.com Website: http://www.inac.org/irishpeople The Irish People (ISSN 0888-3556 USPS 070-770) is published week ly every Saturday, except for the first week of January and the second week of August, for 35.00 per year by the Irish People Inc., 363 7th Ave., 405, New York, NY 10001. Periodicals Postage Paid at 8th Ave. Post Office, New York, NY. Postmaster: send address changes to: The Irish People, 363 7th Avenue. 405, New York, NY 10001. Oliver Kearney Remembered By Gerry Coleman Oliver Kearney was laid to rest today, July 28, 2003, in the north of Ireland. Rest was uncharacteristic of the man. His life was about inventing and re-inventing ways to struggle against injustice and he unerringly followed his principles. For Americans who value justice and human rights, he is most associated with the MacBride Principles campaign, which uses the pressure of US state and local government stock holdings to influence corporate employers doing business in the north to apply a set of nine fair employment standards applicable to the Six-Counties developed by Sean MacBride and others. But he came to it from inside the north- cm bureaucracy and business ethos, where he began to make public how the establishment worked to discriminate against Catholics. He founded the Fair Employment Trust, which pretty much were himself and an old typewriter in the kitchen of his Antrim home. He wouldn't say he was a one man show, but he was. And he was a dangerous man. He wrote the truth and he knew the truth. A successful, career executive in the N.I. Vintners' Association, he began to expose the whole evil system of discrimination in the north and how it worked. He was causing damage. Oliver came under great pressure from above to stop. As a dedicated family man and father of live, some of that pressure must have come was from himself. At this time, he was sought out to lobby for a MacBride Principle bill that was facing a legislative fight in the States. Here he was, a successful Catholic business executive, an exception to the rule, putting it on the line for the principle of it. He did almost everything for the principle of it. After that brief trip to America, he was fired and became essentially un-hirablc. When he had to tell his wife, Brigid, I know it broke his heart. It didn't break her heart, nor the Kearney family's love and resolve. They would make do and Oliver Kearney pretty much became a full time warrior for Equality. He came into the MacBride fight when it was hardest, after the early, dcmographically friendly Irish Catholic eastern states had passed legislation. Nevertheless, the campaign slugged its way through the states with Oliver's help. And it wasn't only MacBride, at the same time he took on the US sponsored International Fund for Ireland, which was disgracefully entangled in the same discriminatory bureaucracy. Most of the research that exposed its overt lack of justice for those that needed it the most came from Oliver. Queens University, which was receiving US funds, was pilloried by Oliver for the anti-Catholic makeup of its faculty in an institution that was over 50 Catholic. Most departments had no Catholic professors although Catholics were well represented in the cleaning staff. When MacBride had run it's course, Oliver hadn't. He delineated a way to go through the same states again with new, more punitive MacBride legislation. They were called contact compliance bills and they were killers. A corporate employer in the north of Ireland not adhering to the MacBride Principles for Fair Employment was, by statute, barred from doing business with or otherwise penalized by states and municipalities with a contract compliance bill. It was comply with MacBride or no contract. Millions, even billions, were now at stake. So it was back to New York State, New York City, Boston, Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Jersey, etc. with new legislative initiatives, another round of bringing out Britain's dirty laundry of anti- Catholic discrimination. The Brits went mad. They even staffed a special office in Washington, D.C. just to fight MacBride. But even contract compliance would run it's course. Not Oliver. With his great friend, Fr. Des Wilson, he founded Equality , which focused primarily in organizing awareness and action among the discriminated in the north of Ireland. Northern Bank was made to reel from Equality's wrath, as this discriminatory institution's Bank Notes were deemed not acceptable and handed back like dead mice at monetary exchanges and banks by the thousands to be replaced by acceptable currency ; it caused a wonderful ruckus. Oliver seemed to ignore the fact that he had inoperable throat cancer for well over ten years during his personal fight for justice for other people. Perhaps he willed it away. I think he scared it into remission. There were other schemes to fight the apartheid system he so hated, but his grandchildren would occupy his last years. When his beloved wife Brigid passed away two years ago, you knew that Oliver's heart was with her. Still, I don't think he went easy. Mostly what I remember is the way Oliver fought to win, but never for the sake of winning. So many times in battling the International Fund for Ireland or for MacBride bills, it seemed that compromising a bit here, a bit there, would get our victory. Most of us mortals wanted to get that bill signed after sometimes years of hard lobbying. Never did he budge on these points. He could be fierce on this. There are NINE MacBride principles, not eight or different ones for different bills. He knew that to rewrite one was to start the unraveling of the whole. It was the principle of the thing and it mattered to Oliver how you fought, why you fought, and that you know what you were fighting. To fight alongside Oliver was a core, intense experience. He could wither an ambassador with a phrase or make an ordinary person feci like a million, turn around a hostile crowd with his words and smile or chastise an audience so cleverly that even the barbs felt good. He was the most principled, loving and fierce man I ever knew. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 122ad570b..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page5/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -August 9 - August 15, 2003 The Irish People Pace S My Dear, We're Not a Democracy By Linda Coleman Years ago, while channel-surfing the morning show line up in a vain search for real news, I ran across an interesting segment in which one of the bubbly blonde anchor women was interviewing a condescending British lord. She had lots of questions about the popularity of the British queen, or lack thereof. She asked whether or not the British public liked the queen and asked if they would prefer she step down in favor of her son. The stuffy lord deflected most of the news anchor's questions, educating her - along with the oh so ignorant U.S. television public - on the line of succession, the importance of monarchy, and the unlikelihood of Herself getting off the throne anytime soon. Our plucky blonde anchor kept after His Lordship, with questions about the growing popularity of William. Can't they just pass over Charles, our anchor asked, since his son is so much more popular? The lord's eyes went cold and steely, and the little he had of an upper lip vanished entirely. My dear, he seethed, We're not a democracy. We're a monarchy. See, this is the problem with England trying to bring democracy to the Six - they don't know how it's done. Constitutional though it may be, England is still a monarchy in its heart and soul. England is good at invasion, division and conquering. They're really good at building peace walls but don't seem to know much about building bridges. They haven't gotten the hang of the voting thing just yet, especially where their occupied somebody from another planet (or this one) trying to understand Blair's problem... Okay, there's this guerilla army, called the Irish Republican Army, and they've been on ceasefire since the late twentieth century. Over the years, they've issued a series of press releases to the British prime Constitutional though it may be, England is still a monarchy in its heart and soul. England is good at invasion, division and conquering. They're really good at building peace walls but don't seem to know much about building bridges. They haven't gotten the hang of the voting thing just yet, especially where their occupied lands are concerned. lands are concerned. Blair seems to think that if his favorite candidate isn't likely to win, he can call off the election. My dear, I'd like to say to him, That's not democracy. Oddly enough, the mainstream press missed out on a juicy bit of irony involving Blair and the democratic process; on May 29, the very day Blair was in Basra congratulating British troops on liberating Iraq from dictatorship, Irish people from both sides of the border were protesting in the streets on what should have been their election day. These days, the media is quick to criticize Blair's role in Iraq, but is strangely silent on his stranglehold on Occupied Ireland, and his absurd claim that the IRA statement lacks clarity. Imagine explaining the clarity issue to minister - that's Tony Blair - reminding him that there's not a bombing campaign going on anymore (just in case he didn't notice) and that they support the peace agreement. Well, Blair says he needs more clarity. He's cancelled all elections until he can figure out what the IRA means when it says thing like, 'The IRA is committed to supporting every effort to make conflict a thing of the past ...' Ian Paisley and his brethren spent their vainglorious 12th thinking up even more pre-conditions to the electoral process, the latest of which is that the DUP won't join the Assembly until Sinn Fein disbands Okay, no one's going to take him seriously, but lan's latest rant is an astounding glimpse into the brain of someone who has never known democracy. Imagine a U.S. politician saying, I won't go back to the Senate until the Democratic Party disbands. While some U.S. Republicans might like the idea of Democrats suddenly evaporating, we're used to the conflict and compromise of democratic process and wouldn't really enjoy living in a one-party regime where opposition was met with the tantrum, No, No, Never, No Surrender The UUP certainly doesn't understand the electoral process. Apparently, Trimble's opposition is going to keep having election after election until they win, like so many gamblers compulsively rolling dice in pursuit of the elusive seven. Elections don't work like a craps game. Sometimes, your side doesn't win. But that's okay, there will be another election after a pre-detcrniined amount of time and you vote again. At this writing, it looks like Tony Blair's about ready lo set an election date. Maybe you'd like to send him an encouraging note, and explain how the whole thing works. You know his address - 10 Downing Street, London, England. Tell him there are no pre-conditions on democracy. Democracy belongs to the people and is not something that is offered from on high as a reward for good behavior, only to be abruptly taken away if the overseer deems the people undeserving. Tell him to sol a date, stick to it, and not waste this historic opportunity for peace in the Six. Tell him to drop the lame excuse about clarity and let the people vote Man charged with feud killing Twenty-three-year-old Stephen Dowie appeared at Belfast Court on Saturday 16 July charged with the murder of Jonathan Stewart in December 2002 during the loyalist feud. Dowie, whose address was given as c/o Magilligan Prison, was charged with murdering 22-year-old Stewart at a house in Manor Street in North Belfast, two days after Christmas last year. Stewart, a nephew of a well known loyalist, was shot six times by a masked gunman who forced his way into the kitchen of the house and singled him out. Armed members of the PSNI stood guard in the courthouse during Dowie appearance. Dowie was remanded in custody until 22 August. He was one of dozens of people who fled the Six Counties in February, along with Gina Adair and John White, after the UDA declared war on friends and associates of ousted Shankill UDA boss Johnny Adair. McNicholl Family continued from page 3 ed some of the same people who harassed my grandparents. They were given clearance in the INS courtroom. They acted like tourists and took pictures of each other and with the INS was later spotted wearing an RUC pin, obviously a memento of their visit and an affront to the Irish community in Philadelphia, many whom had to leave Ireland because of harassment and threats from the RUC. My father lived in Northern Ireland during a time of horrendous strife and trouble. So much has changed since then. Most people who survived this period are going on with their daily lives, just like my parents were doing, raising me and my brother and sister in the only place wc know as home, the United States. At my father's trial in Philadelphia, the British Government didn't request that my father should be extradited back to Northern Ireland. The organization that the RUC claims our dad belonged to is not listed on the Justice's dept's list of terrorist's groups. Why then, and for whose benefit was it necessary for the Unnoted States Justice Dept. to come to our home and break up our family. We demand that our father be returned to us, he is no terrorist. He loves the United States. We love our country. We question now, does our government really care about us and our well being. If George Bush really cares about us and the sensitivities of a large Irish American community, he shouldn't be taking sides in this Irish conflict by throwing an innocent and law abiding and loving father out of the country. WE DEMAND THAT OUR FATHER BE RETURNED. WE LOVE HIM, WE MISS HIM AND WE WANT HIM BACK. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index b6da0158f..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page6/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Pace 6 The Irish People August 9 -August 15, 2003 idealism lives on By Fr. Des Many tributes have been paid and will be paid to Oliver Kearney, one of the most constant and brilliant of our people who struggled for our human rights and dignity. Al much the same time as we lost Oliver for the time being, because wc tire always at one with each other, whatever happens we learned of the departure Of Gary MacEoin also. The two men were different in some important ways. Gary worked in America, Oliver in Ireland. Gary lived to be over ninety years of age and Oliver was first diagnosed with serious illness when he was in his early fifties. Much of Gary's work was done by writing: books, plays, articles, and in lecturing. Oliver's work was often done by lecturing and writing but he would probably have called it briefing rather than lecturing toiling people who wanted to know, or who should know, what was really happening behind the closed doors of factories, offices and government buildings where, sheltered by a veneer of respectability, the most appalling cruelty occurred, whether by bullying or by discrimination and unfair employment practices. Gary told again and again the stories of people who had few others to tell their stories for them, people living in the Americas and other parts of the world who were often treated like slaves, calling out to those who had religious beliefs, or even the slightest of moral beliefs, to come and help them. Between the two of them it became more and more difficult to cat some of the bread baked in South Belfast or drink the whiskey distilled in north Antrim or to admire the over flying aircraft built in Shorts or drink Coke without a surge of anger and a hardening of one's determination to end unfairness and cruelty in work forever. When he was over ninety Gary showed no signs of giving up the struggle. When he might well have been only halfway through his term of life Oliver was given notice that he did not have much longer to live. Both these men were dear friends to us all, whether we knew them personally or not. They were never done studying, Oliver brought together a mass of facts, figures, assessments which proved invaluable for everyone who, dashing after him to keep up, went to light for the MacBride Principles and for decent equality. Then, as if that were not enough, continued on page 7 The Elusive Spondulix Tom Culhane 954-A Stuyvesant Ave. Union, NJ 07083 908-964-2772 Dpttv church Loyalists up the ante The relative calm experienced by nationalist communities during the loyalist Twelfth marching period came to a shuddering end over the lust seven days as loyalist gangs attacked Catholic homes in the Stiles estate in Antrim, threatened a teenage Catholic girl in Dunmurry by putting a gun to her head and torched a Catholic church outside Magherafelt in County Deny-. In the midst of this loyalist violence, homes in the Clandeboye area of the Short Strand, which had been experiencing a period of peace since the pogroms of last summer, came under fire from loyalist youths using ball bearings and golf balls. Not content with their attacks on Catholics, loyalist paramilitaries have shown the racist side to their makeup by erecting Nazi insignia in Ballymcna and distributing White National Party literature as part of their campaign against non- whites. badly damaged An historic South Derry Catholic church has been badly damaged in a sectarian arson attack. Extensive damage was caused to the altar of St John's Church, on the main Magherafelt to Castledawson Road at around 5.30am on Saturday 26 July. A window at the rear of the church was broken and flammable liquid was poured in. The floor at the rear of the building, which dates from the time of the penal laws in Ireland, was also badly damaged. Parish church curate Father David Moore said it would take a lot of money to repair the damage. The church is located yards from O'Donovan Rossa's GAA ground, which has been the target of sectarian attacks by loyalists on numerous occasions in recent years. Gun put to girl's head A 17-year-old girl had a gun put to her head and her two male companions, aged 14 and 26, needed hospital treatment after they attacked by up to 15 members of the UDA in Dunmurry on the outskirts of Belfast at around 5.30pm on Sunday 27 July. The three were set upon in the car park of a vacant supermarket in the Quecnsway area of Dunmurry and ordered to lie on the ground by the gang, who were wearing balaclavas and were armed with a handgun, baseball bats and golf clubs. As they lay on the ground the two males were set upon while the gunman held the gun to the girl's head as she was assaulted. The two teenagers were treated in hospital for cuts and bruising while the 26-year-old man suffered a broken ankle and multiple cuts and bruising to his head and body. The girl's parents, who spoke with Sinn Fein's Paul Butler, said their daughter is now terrified. Lagan Valley Sinn Fein councilor Paul Butler described the attack as blatantly sectarian and said it was part of a coordinated and vicious anti-Catholic campaign being waged on the Catholic community by the UDA. This was not some group of kids. These were armed and masked UDA men. The political representatives of the UDA are continually appearing in the media assuring people that the UDA is on cessation, but the reality on the ground for Catholics in places like Dunmurry and Lisburn is very different. Butler added that local political representatives have a role to play in stopping these sectarian attacks but unfortunately they have failed to play any part in ending these onslaughts so far. Instead of confronting sectarianism in Lisburn and Dunmurry, unionists have decided to institutionalize it in Lisburn Council. The exclusion of nationalists from civic positions is only one step removed from the violent incidents we have witnessed in recent weeks. Butler called on nationalists to be very vigilant. On 20 July, a 21 year-old Catholic was seriously injured after he was attacked by a gang of 20 loyalists wielding golf clubs, iron bars and poles painted red, white and blue as he played golf at Aberdelghy Golf club, outside Lisburn. In November last year, West Belfast Catholic Harry McCartin was viciously beaten and nailed to a fence by loyalists in the Seymour Hill estate in Dunmurry. Nationwide Service - Truckload Large LTL CALLAHAN TRANSPORTATION INC. Jim Callahan P.O. Box 480617 Kansas City, MO 64148 (816)942-0307 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 430c5267a..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page7/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -The Irish People Senior UUP member in electoral corruption probe BY LAURA FRIEL The Chief Executive of the Ulster Unionist Party has been arrested and questioned by the PSNI in connection with serious offences within the north's Electoral Office. Alastair Patterson (57) is one of three former Electoral Office employees being questioned in relation to allegations of forgery, false accounting and corruption. All three were arrested last Monday 21 July and taken into PSNI custody in Omagh, where they were questioned by detectives. The alleged offences took place within the Electoral Office between 1996 and 2001 and the investigation centers on activities in the west. Both former employees have been released on bail pending further enquiries. Alastair Patterson, who took up his post as Chief Executive of the UUP last year, first came to prominence in 1981 when he appeared on television screens through the world as the deputy returning officer declaring IRA Hunger striker Bobby Sands as the new MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone. As the UUP's Chief Executive, Alastair Patterson is currently at the center of the disciplinary moves against the three UUP MPs who resigned the party whip. Jeffrey Donaldson, David Burnside and Martin Smyth quit the whip at Westminster in protest against David Trimble's leadership of the party. As the Chief Executive, Patterson was due to submit the names of 20 influential party members willing to sit on a disciplinary committee to decide the fate of the three dissident MPs. In light of the Electoral Office allegations, Jeffrey Donaldson has already questioned Patterson's role in the disciplinary hearing within the party. An earlier move by David Trimble to oust the three malcontents backfired when Belfast High Court ruled against its legal- allegations but the unionist bias which runs throughout the entire electoral system in the North is more insidious than one or two unionists allegedly caught with their fingers in the till, said Gildernew. Meanwhile, leading Ulster Unionist John Taylor has threatened to scupper the entire Good Friday Agreement if the proposed Independent Monitoring Body The nationalist electorate will of course be greatly concerned about these allegations but the unionist bias which runs throughout the entire electoral system in the North is more insidious than one or two unionists allegedly caught with their fingers in the till, said Gildernew. ity. The whole procedure of disciplinary action is already seriously discredited as a result of the High Court case and I think that this casts further shadow over the process, said Donaldson. But for nationalists, the question as to whether Patterson is a fit person to preside over the internal party discipline of the UUP is of little concern compared to allegations of electoral corruption and fraud. Few details have yet emerged. The second former employee is reported as being unfit to be interviewed on medical grounds and is due to return to Omagh PSNI barracks next month. It is thought that the alleged offences relate to postal voting. Commenting on the arrest of Alastair Patterson, Sinn Fein MP for Fennanagh and South Tyrone, Michelle Gildernew, said that any attempt to manipulate closely contested elections in the west could have serious implications for the outcome. The nationalist electorate will of course be greatly concerned about these includes a nominee from the Dublin government. UUP leader David Trimble has championed the establishment of the 1MB and nationalists have seen its establishment as another sop by the British government to rejectionist unionism. But as with other concessions, as soon as they get their cake, the unionists want to eat it as well. With two to the Dublin government's single nominee, the British government is set to exercise complete control over the actions of the 1MB. Furthermore, the 1MB must report directly to the NIO Secretary of State, who has ultimate power to decide to act or ignore the 1MB. The 1MB is a discriminatory, antidemocratic mechanism designed to place further burdens on the nationalist electorate exercising their right to democratic representation. But recent unionist opposition to the 1MB has nothing to do with this; on the contrary, unionist objection is based on opposition to even the appearance of a nationalist dimension within the 1MB. FrDes continued from page 6 he went back to the academic world to study history and politics. Gary had, what was it, nine languages? Looking back on the life record of both of them now one wonders whether we have appreciated enough and been glad enough about the intellectual brilliance and sheer quality of men and women whom we have been privileged to have on our side. Great people do not ask for reward, they ask us to listen to them, talk with them, argue with them, think with them and together with them work to make a new world which will be as brilliant and as accomplished as they are. And our most hopeful thought is that we have so many good minds and so many stout hearts to present to a jaded old world that is so sorely in need of them. Interesting how refusal and rejection, which are meant to destroy us utterly often, do the opposite, they bring out the best in people. When Oliver Kearney was struggling for fair employment for everybody, his job was taken off him. When Gary MacEoin was starting out in adult life he asked to be allowed to join a religious order. They accepted him for a while, and then told him, sorry, we do not want you to stay. Both men went on to become nationally and internationally known for the unique treasures they were. People used to say, especially when they got a bit fed-up with their church, that the great thing about people with religious ideals was not that they were always good, because they often weren't, but that because whether good or bad, they always managed to give birth to saints, men and women of integrity who, whatever happened, would pass on the idealism to the next generation and in so doing would save a whole people from shame. And all our idealistic communities are like that. May Gary and Oliver rest in the peace they earned and may we sec more and more the results of their work. And happily continue it. Human Rights Commission broken and in need of fixing Sinn Fein Chief Negotiator Martin McGuinness MP on Wednesday morning led a party delegation to meet with the Human Rights Commission. The delegation included Human Rights spokesperson Bairbre de Brun and Belfast Councilor Chrissie McAuley. Speaking after the meeting, McGuinness said: The establishment of the Human Rights Commission was a key component of the Good Friday Agreement which Sinn Fein strongly argued for and supported. We are, therefore, deeply dissatisfied at the approach of the Human Rights Commission, particularly in relation to its approach on fair employment provisions which could have highly damaging implications for equality as well as the Chief Commissioner's highly inappropriate behavior in the Holy Cross case. Fair employment is a cornerstone of building a new society. If you cannot even measure what's wrong in respect of fair employment how can you possibly hope to tackle it? Ordinary people will not accept having the clock turned back to the days before monitoring of fair employment was introduced. Nor will they accept a society in which the rights of little children depend on the area in which they live or the religion of their family. The Chief Commissioner's response to the Holy Cross case has undermined gravely public confidence that rights will be promoted regardless of political background. The resignation of one quarter of the Commission's membership is a further cause of deep concern. A Westminster Joint Committee on Human Rights recently identified serious problems with the Commission. Actions that threaten fair employment monitoring, 50:50 recruitment as recommended by Patten or voting safeguards in the Assembly will further undermine public confidence. The Chief Commissioner has failed to provide satisfactory answers to the concerns expressed about the way the Commission has developed under his stewardship. We have sought a meeting with both governments to discuss these concerns and the way ahead. We need to look at a restructuring that will include the composition and appointments, the powers and resources of the Commission. The Human Rights Commission is broken. It needs to be fixed. We approach this issue on the basis of wanting the best possible Human Rights Commission in place to drive forward the human rights aspects of the Good Friday Agreement. In our view, there is a need for the British government to put in place the measures required to guarantee the integrity, independence and effectiveness of the Commission. We will vigorously pursue this matter with both governments in the time ahead. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index cf705638b..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People/2003-08-09 Irish People/page8-9/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Aunust 9 - August 15. 2003 The Irish People August 9 - August 15. 2003 Page 9 MEP harassed as case draws to a close On Tuesday morning, following the completion of the closing arguments of the prosecutor and the solicitor general, Colombian Genera Enrique Mora, head of the armed forces, issued a public statement vehemently calling for the three defendants' convictions. In a letter to the President of the EU Parliament, Pat Cox, urging his direct intervention with the Colombian authorities, Fianna Fail MEP Niall Andrews, who is attending the trial as an observer, wrote that: The timing of this highly prejudicial statement sends a clear and sinister message to the court presiding over this trial that a judgment of conviction should be rendered irrespective of the evidence. On Sunday, Andrews w;is approached and questioned in an intimidating manner as he left his hotel by a man claiming to be from the police and asked whal he was doing in the country. The man made intimidating gestures. A short time later another man took photographs of Niall Andrews as he was getting into a taxi. felt that there was some kind of psychological pressure being exerted, said Andrews in a statement. I decided not to take the taxi to the cathedral but rather to return to the hotel. As a result I felt it was unsafe to leave the hotel alone. I recalled similar incidents in Central America years ago. I also feel that the whole process of intimidation is counterproductive to the interests of the Colombian State. Caitriona Ruane, spokesperson for the Bring Them Home Campaign, said: This is unacceptable behavior from the Colombian Police and is part of a pattern of harassment of the international observers. I have sent a statement of this incident to the Irish government and called on them to make a formal complaint to the Colombian Authorities. In his letter to Pat Cox, Niall Andrews highlighted the high level interference in the trial. From the moment of the men's arrest almost two years ago, high-ranking officials in the Colombian armed forces have repeatedly made well-publicized statements prejudging the defendants as guilty. One such officer, General Fernandez Tapias, made such inflammatory statements in testimony given to the United States Congress; in support of his sentiments, General Fernandez Tapias testified to facts and circumstances concerning the arrest and judicial process in this case which in the course of the trial have been demonstrated to be false. The Fianna Fail MEP pointed out prejudicial statements have been made by the current President of Colombia, Alvaro Uribe, and his predecessor, Andres Pastrana, and by the current Vice President Santos. Vice President Santos's statement was made a few weeks after he acknowledged to an earlier observer delegation that it was improper for political representatives to make public statements prejudging the defendants as guilty. There is no question that these statements by political and military officers have been issued for no other purpose than to pressure the court and to prejudice the defendants' right to a fair trial. Like. General Fernandez Ta p i a s ' s statement, these other state ments are manifestly inconsistent with the evidence adduced at trial. A team of international observers comprising politicians, lawyers and human rights activists have traveled from three continents to observe the trial. Also on the international delegation observing the trial are Sinn Fein TD Sean Crowe, Fianna Fail Senator Mary White, Australian MP Paul Lynch, Australian human rights lawyer Shann Kerrigan, Australian trade unionist Brett Gay, US Brehon Law Society president Steve / McCabc, US human rights activist Pat Fowler, USJ human rights lawyer Natalie Kabasakalian, Irish lawyers Pat Daly and Ronan Munro and Irish trade unionist Des Former political prisoners have always played a central role in Irish Republican politics. Today many of the political leaders within Sinn Fein are former political prisoners, the role of prisoners and former prisoners was recognized as crucial to the development of the peace process within the community St local level. An organisation called (loiste na n- larchiml was established. Its primary aim was to help former prisoners reintegrate into society and to enable them to use their abilities to shape the new society that will emerge from the Irish Peace Process. In 1999/2000 I was granted a position within Coiste, It was a full-time paid position. I was the director of a new sub- unit in Dublin called Tar Isteach. My job, indeed the project, was funded by the fish government as pail of the peace process. Similar projects were and are funded by the British government in the north of Ireland. Many of the discussions thai we had liming llie course of our work in Coiste identified the need for social justice and how thai could be achieved. We recognized the need lo study other situations and see how conflict resolution processes were developing. To do that wc knew that it was necessary to meet face to face with others in different countries who were engaged in broadly similar processes. Declaration of Jim Monaghan Witnesses have already explained in detail the problems facing former prisoners including travel restrictions. With these problems come dangers. Because of these and previous experiences in travel shared by each of us we felt it wiser and safer to travel by legitimate means but using a different identity. I came to know Martin McCauley through the ex-prisoner community, our friendship developed when Martin and his family were forced to move near Dublin following threats to their lives. I have known Niall Connolly for a number of years. He is a native of Dublin and returns there on his regular trips home from Latin America. 1 knew Niall worked on humanitarian projects in that region. The three of us share the same broad political interests. Niall and I traveled to Nicaragua together a few years ago. In the summer of 2001 the three of us traveled to Colombia principally to see the peace process but also to enjoy a holiday. For reasons already stated the three of us traveled with different names. We traveled openly and the way all other travelers would. Wc visited the peace /one. We spent several weeks in the zone. We talked to a great many people. We shared experiences about the peace processes in Ireland and Colombia. We discussed the involvement of outsiders in such processes. From an Irish perspective the advice and experiences of people involved in South Africa, Palestine, East Timor and other regions in Latin America were very important. We discussed the process of becoming involved in a political system seen as hostile and the gains and the problems that resulted from such a course of action. We talked at length about the role of former prisoners in political developments in Ireland and the Irish peace process. We met with members of the FARC. We learnt from them about the great number of visitors and political representatives who had visited the zone. This included members of the Colombian government and many people from outside Colombia. Since wc were arrested at El Dorado airport there has been a constant flow of misinformation and false allegations against us. The Embassies of the United States and Britain have both intervened to distort the truth. We were then driven to a military barracks where North American officials were present. After this we were brought to the Prosecutor's office. Everything was hap pening very fast, there were a lot of soldiers about. We denied meeting the FARC initially because we thought it would make matters worse for us. The US forensics has been exposed as bogus. The stories of satellite pictures, videotapes and so on have been proven to be false. The British Embassy alleged that I am a member of the IRA. It is illegal in Ireland, North and South, and in England to belong to the IRA. I have lived openly, and traveled to all parts of Ireland over the past 17 years. I have not been arrested or charged in relation to any of these allegations, I reject them. I am not a member of the IRA. False evidence has been presented to this court. This is clear in the case of the US Embassy. The British Embassy also presented as factual evidence what amounts to no more than wild claims. Witnesses produced by the Colombian military have been proven to have given false testimony. The charge of training the FARC is a false charge, based on false evidence. The training never happened, and my friends and I are therefore not guilty. I would like to conclude by thanking my family and friends who have supported me in every way since my arrest. The work carried out on our behalf by everyone involved in the Bring Them Home Campaign has given us strength Thank you all. Following the signing of the Good Friday Agreement and the International Commission headed by Chris Patten, a former British government minister and former British Governor of Hong Kong, was established to make recommendations for the creation of a new police service that would be acceptable to all sections of the community. I gave evidence to this Commission based on my own experiences at the hands of the RUC. As a result of my court case and the publicity it received I was subjected to a campaign of vicious harassment by the RUC and the British military. A bomb was placed at my home. At that time I was legally represented by Rosemary Nelson, a human rights lawyer. Rosemary was threatened by the RUC. In 1999 the same death squads that had killed Pat Finucane, killed Rosemary Nelson. I was in genuine fear for the safety of my family and myself. I moved from the North of Ireland, which is under British occupation and went to live in the south. Prior to moving south, I had been involved with former political prisoners in Lurgan, Co. Armagh. When I had settled into my new home I became rein- volved with work for former prisoners. I re-established contact with Jim Monaghan who I had met previously. Through this work I became involved in discussions and debates on conflict and Declaration of Martin McCauley conflict resolution. I met Niall Connolly through Jim, following a discussion on Latin America. When the idea of the trip to Colombia arose I agreed to travel with Jim and Niall. I had never been to Latin America, and I was interested in visiting this continent and seeing their peace process. I have lived openly, north and south for 20 years. I have been in regular employment. Part of my employment involved me adapting motor vehicles for use by people with disabilities. I have traveled openly all over Ireland. I have not been charged with any of the offences alleged by the RUC or the British Embassy. I am not a member of the IRA. I am not guilty of the charges laid out against me in this court. Like my two friends I was using another name. Each of us had experience of threats, harassment and violence in shared and different situations. There is nothing more than a desire to travel unhindered in the fact that I was traveling on another name. I have explained how my life and those of my family have been threatened. 1 have explained how two human rights lawyers who have worked on my behalf Pat Finucane and Rosemary Nelson were murdered by pro-British death squads. I am a supporter of Irish republicanism. I have worked within my community to help give a political voice to their views. I am not a member of Sinn Fein. I have worked for Sinn Fein candidates in elections. I believe in the right of the Irish people to control their destiny free from foreign occupation and interference. The peace process in Ireland continues to survive but it has been undermined and attacked by elements within the British political and military establishment and from pro-British forces in Ireland. Our arrest in Colombia has been used by these and other elements to further undermine the peace process. Elements in the Colombian military and the political establishment have fed lies and misinformation to the media to serve their own interests. The Embassy of the United States cannot escape criticism for its role in this affair. Their so-called forensic evidence against us is fraudulent and misleading. I wish to directly refute the evidence given by Captain Pulido. At no stage did I speak with this man. At the airport I was not asked for my passport nor was I asked my name at the time of my arrest. Captain Pulido's testimony is wrong. In conclusion, I wish to thank my family and friends, the legal and political observers who have traveled great distances to help us, and everyone involved in the Bring Them Home campaign. Bonass. On Tuesday morning, the international delegation of observers visited the three men in La Modela jail in Bogota: :. The delegation had a meeting with the Director and Deputy director of the jail and raised concerns with them about the men's security. Caitriona Ruane said it was a very useful meeting. We infonned thcin that we feel that there is no safe jail in Colombia for these three men given the high profile nature of this case, she said. We also expressed concern about their seen- rity on route to the court. The observers were infonned at the meeting that a few hours prior to their visit, three pistols, three grenades, 162 rounds of ammunition and ten mobile phones were found. Niall Connolly rang me at 6.30pm and infonned me that an inmate had been stabbed this afternoon on one of the wings, said Ruane. It was during their visit that the TV news reported General Mora made his prejudicial comments, calling for the conviction of the three accused. This is absolutely disgraceful. Where is the presumption of innocence of these three men? asked Ruane. It is impossible for them to get a fair trial. The reason he is making these comments is to pressurize the judge. She said the delegation was requesting an urgent meeting with Colombian President Uribe. Andrews pledged as a member of the European Parliament to bring the events of the trial to the attention of the European Parliament. In addition, he said he would be bringing up the matter by way of resolution to the Foreign Affairs Committee of the European Parliament at the earliest opportunity. He said he would be raising the issue with the Italian presidency. In view of the fact that Ireland will hold the presidency beginning 1 January 2004, we will collectively as a group be seeking a meeting with the Irish Minister for Foreign Affairs, Brian Cowen, he said. Closing defense arguments will mark the end of the trial this week, but it is expected to be some weeks before a verdict is delivered. I have been interested in Latin America and the politics of the region since the 1980s. While living in Cuba I was able to gain employment and put my knowledge of Spanish and ment had given political status to the FARC. Observers from around the world came to learn and to offer solidarity in the search for peace with social justice. I was motivated by my Declaration ofNiall Connolly English to good use. I worked as a translator. On occasion, as the court has heard in evidence, I was employed as a guide for visiting politicians and media. I became active in political mobilization against the British political and military occupation of part of Ireland in the 1980s. In particular, I was influenced by the hunger strike in 1981 when ten Irish prisoners died in a British prison. I participated in campaigns and protests during this period. I support Sinn Fein and wherever I was, at home or abroad, I made myself available to promote the aims of Sinn F6in. I am a supporter of the Irish peace process and the efforts of leaders like Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness who arc striving to bring about a lasting peace with social justice. I visited Ireland regularly. During one of my visits home I got to know Jim Monaghan. Jim was aware of my work in Latin America and was eager to hear my experiences. While in Dublin in early desire to sec firsthand another 2001 I met with Jim and a number process of conflict resolution in of other people including Martin motion. 1 believed that an historic McCauley, who had been opportunity had been created involved in discussions about between the government and the conflict situations and conflict insurgents in one of the oldest resolution processes around the conflicts in Latin America. I hope world. that a new process of reconcilia- As a result of this meeting I don with social justice will dcvcl- agreed to undertake a trip to P in 'he future in Colombia. Colombia with Jim and Martin. I When we were arrested by had traveled with Jim previously die Colombian military there and my knowledge of Spanish were no warrants for our deten- was a primary reason for asking tion. me to accompany them. It became clear that false and I have experienced first hand irresponsible information was the reconciliation process in being leaked by the British Nicaragua and El Salvador. 1 have Embassy. I was described as a followed the peace process in member of the IRA. I have never Guatemala. I have an interest in been arrested or questioned about the Colombian peace process such an allegation. It is false. I am along with other issues that effect not a member of the IRA. politics in Latin America. When The intervention of officials we visited Colombia, the country from the US Embassy in the tak- was trying, through dialogue ing of the forensic samples and between the government and the the subsequent media leaks from Revolutionary Armed Forces of both the US and British embassies Colombia to define positions that were an attempt to damage and would be used as the foundation for a peace process. The govern- continued on page 11 rf/TlgrmifTlfltfJ Ji/ /firf///nVi)l//Kfi/N - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0afd6eadb..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -THE i RISH The Fools, The Fools, They Have Left Us Our Fenian Dead And While Ireland Holds These Graves, Ireland Unfree Will Never Be At Peace...': Padraic Pearse. VOL. II NO. 46 SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 16,1974 ;. * x-sr.1 8.00 PER YEAR 15 CENTS 10 PENCE UNERAL Unarmed Man Shot By British Thugs The Tricolour-draped coffin, with a black beret placed on top, bearing the remains of Gerard Coney leaving the home of his parents. and seeing a number of boys. He also saw soldiers on a hillside nearby. Some of the boys approached a van and a shot rang out. The man who was subsequently killed ran down the road away from the soldiers for about . 75 yards with his arms in the air. Another shot rang out and the man fell. The eyewitness did not see a gun at any stage by those who attempting to hijack the van. Fennell's widow, Norah, who is expecting another child in the New Year, said: We had been in England but came home a year ago. The only job Gerry could get was in Whiterock industrial estate. But he had been off sick this week. Mrs. Fennell's mother, Mrs. Winnie Pollock, said: I got to the scene of the shooting just as they were putting Gerry in the ambulance. I went with him. In the ambulance I opened his Continued on Page 3 A young Belfastman, shot in the hip by British troops at the scene of an attempted hijacking in the Twinbrook area, was fatally wounded by another bullet in the back as he ran with his hands raised to show he was unarmed, relatives said. He was identified as 27-year-old Mr. Gerard Fennell, of Broom Park, Twinbrook, married with a seven-year-old daughter, Sharon. The shooting happened about 200- yards from his home-at the junction of Stewartstown Road and Summerhill Road and the shots came from a nearby hillside manned by soldiers. They claimed that Mr. Fennell was 'an armed hijacker' and was shot dead when he turned his gun on them. According to the military, troops had stopped another man removing his gun after he was hit. But the driver of the van involved in the hijack attempt maintained, later, that the man who spoke to him and told him to drive his vehicle across the road was not armed. Another eye-witness also insisted that, at no stage in the hijack, did he see anyone with guns. A British Army statement alleged the man they shot was holding a gun to the head of the van driver. He was challenged twice and then he pointed his gun at the soldiers. The troops opened fire and the man was seen to drop. He then got up-still holding his gun-and went to take cover behind the van, the military statement went on. Father Eamonn Magee, of St. Luke's, Twinbrook, said last night he had spoken to the driver of the van within minutes of the shooting. The driver told him, specifically that the man who spoke to him and asked him to drive the vehicle across the road was not armed. The driver had said: I could swear he had no gun. Father Magee said he had questioned the driver carefully on the point. There had been another man present at the van, but the driver could not say whether he was in possession of a gun. Another eye witness told of looking out the window of his home Hunger Strike Protest By Republican Priso mors The thousands of mourners who attended the funeral near Coalisland this week of Long Kesh escapee, Hugh Gerard Coney, heard that other Republican prisoners in the concentration camp had started a hunger strike in protest against the conditions under which they had to live. This was revealed at the graveside, by Co. Tyrone Sinn Fein chairman, Mr. Aidan Corrigan, when he read a letter which he said had been smuggled out of the jail, the previous day, by a Co. Tyrone prisoner. He asked me, said Mr. Corrigan, to tell you of the insufferable, inhuman conditions and indignities which the men in Long Kesh have to suffer. He said that one group had already gone on hunger strike and that others would follow suit. Continued on Page 4 ON SATURDAY NOV. 16 A PROTEST PICKET WILL BE HELD OUTSIDE THE OFFICES OF BRITISH AIRWAYS IN N.Y. TO PROTEST INTERNMENT OF IRISH MEN AND WOMEN IN BRITISH JAILS TIME: 2 TO 6 p.m. Upwards of 8,000 people attended the funeral of Hugh Gerard Coney, the 24-year-old Annaghmore (Coalisland) man who was shot dead by British troops during Wednesday morning's escape attempt by Republican detainees from Long Kesh Concentration Camp. Coney, who was described in death notices as a lieutenant in the East Tyrone Command of the Provisional I.R.A., was buried with full military honours in St. Patrick's Cemetery, Clonoe, a mile from his home. The coffin, which was draped with the Tricolour and a football jersey of Clonoe G.F.C., of which he was a member, was borne for a quarter-mile from his home on the shoulders of fellow team-mates and members of the Republican movement. A guard of honour of Fianna Eireann and Clonoe G.F.C. marched on both sides of the hearse to St. Patrick's Church. The remains were received by Rev. Patrick Coyle, C.C., and Rev. Father Joachim, O.F.M., one of the chaplains at Long Kesh, and the priest who administered the Last Rites to Mr. Coney at the time of his death. Speaking during Requiem Mass Father Coyle said they were there to extend their sympathy to James and Kitty Coney, the parents of the dead man, and to his brothers and sisters. He added: We in this parish have over the past few years prayed at Mass for peace and justice for all of Ireland. In the days ahead, we will continue to do so, and we will remember the deceased in our prayers. Following the Requiem Mass, Mr. Coney was interred in the adjoining cemetery, where, following the sounding of the Last Post, men in para-military uniforms fired a volley of shots over the grave. In a graveside oration Seamus Loughran of Belfast, an ex-internee, said he prayed that the body of Gerard Coney would be the last one to be brought from the hell-hole of Long Kesh. He added: We have a duty to do all in our power to bring about the closure of Long Kesh and an end to internment . Mr. Loughran, Sinn Fein organiser in Belfast, said that, next to love of God came love of one's country, and nowhere more so than in Ireland had this proved true. It's truly a noble thing to die for one's country, he said. It's one thing to give one's life in the heat of battle. It's an entirely different thing to dedicate your life in pursuit of what you believe in, an ideal that you know can, and Con tinued on Page 3 Provos Hi-jack British Army Mail The Provisional IRA in Belfast on Monday claimed that they were studying a haul of British Army documents seized jn a mail van hold-up near the military headquarters in the North last week. Included in the haul, said the IRA, were letters to girl friends, wives and relatives from soldiers detailing army life the general theme of which was that complete demoralisation of the British soldier in Ireland. The IRA said that the mail bags also contained 10,000 in cash, together with money order payments to informers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army, confidential military documents, details of undercover cars and by plain clothes patrols, lists of deserters and absentees, and the names and addresses of UDR personnel. In a statement the IRA said: The Belfast Brigade intend to act immediately on the considerable amount of information obtained. The R.U.C. confirmed that five armed men had hi-jacked a Post Office van near Bridge Street car park in Lisburn at 6:30 p.m. last Friday. A police spokesman said that the van and its crew were driven to a side road four miles away near Hillsborough. There the raiders took several mail bags from the van and left the crew with the vehicle. The exact number of mail bags taken was not disclosed. The Army made no comment on the incident. Along with their statement on the raid, the I.R.A. released photostat copies of military documents, some of which were stamped restricted. The statement said: On Friday, November 1, 1974, in a well co-ordinated and selective operation, an intelligence unit of the Belfast Brigade captured mail belonging to the British Army. Then the IRA listed 11 items, beginning with letters from soldiers, details of commercial suppliers to the Army and lists of deserters and absentees. One item was money orders (Giros) made payable to individuals from all areas of the Six Counties. The IRA said: From this we now have a clear picture of who is supplying the British Army with information. Other items mentioned were: confidential military documents regarding a conference relating to the building of Long Kesh; confidential military documents to all police stations; a list containing names and addresses of UDR personnel; a list of male and female applicants for the UDR and other security forces together with details of referees, and letters from people in the 26 Counties stating that they wished to join the British Army. The IRA said that the details of undercover cars included tax books and details of car number plates. The Army admitted that some mail from soldiers was probably in the bags seized by the I.R.A., but it denied that any confidential documents were in the sacks. A spokesman, said: Anything of a sensitive nature would go through the British Forces Post or via a special courier. - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index e5b448693..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -CM LU LU North's Jail Riots Cost 2 Million Mmm iM Mm Damage estimated at nearly 2 million was caused in the Northern Ireland Concentration Camp and Jail riots two weeks ago, the Secretary of State Merlyn Rees told the British House of Commons on October 30th. He said the damage done at Long Kesh would cost one and a half million pounds, while that at Magilligan Camp amounted to over two hundred thousand pounds. He did not give any estimate for the repairs of Crumlin Road or Armagh Prison. Mr. Rees appeared to hint at new measures for the separation of detainees and convicted prisoners, saying that he hoped to make a statement shortly. He was unforthcoming on the question of building a new permanent prison in Northern Ireland, a project which would take several years. It is known that after Direct Rule was first imposed in 1972, it was proposed to build a new prison at Magilligan but this was rejected on a number of grounds, including the proximity to the Republic. Mr. Rees said that more than a thousand internees and detainees took part in the Long Kesh riot and that in the circumstances it was remarkable that there were so few casualties . ARROGANT CLAIM BY REES REFUTED Many men who were injured in the riots are still incarcerated in Long Kesh and have not been hospitalised them it proved ineffective because of the wind direction. They claim that the helicopters were then ordered to fly low and spread the gas among the internees by the action of the helicopter rotor blades. This particular type of gas had not so far been used anywhere else in the world and in the U.S. tests carried out with the gas on rabbits showed that high concentration can cause permanent damage to the eyes. It replaces the old CS gas and caused much greater discomfort and irritation of the skin, eyes, nose and throat. INTERNEES BOYCOTTSECRET COMMISSION HEARINGS As part of a continuing strategy to make the system of detention without trial unworkable, the 450 Republican detainees at Long Kesh Concentration Camp have decided to boycott the secret commission hearings held inside the Camp to review detainees' cases. The boycott becomes effective immediately, according to Mrs. Maire Drumm, Vice-President of Provisional Sinn Fein, in Belfast on October 30th. The secret courts would not be used again because they had been proved to be a farce' The decision of the Republican detainees to boycott the commission hearings, which recommenced this week after a two-week break following the camp burning, means that commissioners will have to decide whether or not to review cases in the absence of detainees. It is or given any treatment despite the expected that they will, in fact, do so. seriousness of their injuries. It is now Just over 250 detainees have been clear that at least four hundred released in ones and twos by the detainees and internees were injured commissioners since December 1973, and many of these are still sleeping on wnen they began their hearings inside the ground under sheets of polythene. th? camP- 1*ne commissioners accept The internees have also stated that ev,dence at the hearings from when the British Army was sent into numbers of the security forces the Camp to punish the men, the h dden behind curtains. British Officers commanding them Mrs- Drumm sa'd that the decision were unable to control or restrain had Deen taken before Mr. Rees made their own soldiors, and afterwards h,s atement on Long Kesh and was were heard to refer to their mens' not ,n anV way a retaliation. She behaviour by calling them animal exPected that the 30 female detainees bastards . at Arma h Prison would follow the REES TRIES STARVATION example of the detainees in Long TO BREAK REBELLION There were also widespread tions that Mr. Rees was using starvation to try to break the rebellion against internment in Long Kesh. We publish here an accurate account of the food distributed to the men for the five days after the burning of the Camp. Wednesday October 16th - No Food. Thursday October 17 - One round of bread and one cup of milk Friday October 18th-Two rounds of bread and one cup of milk. Saturday October 19th - One cup of porridge and one cup of stew. Sunday October 20th - One cup of stew. BRhlSH ARMY USED CRGASIN LONG KESH There is no doubt that the British Army, used the new and more lethal CR gas for the first time in Northern Ireland in Long Kesh on October 15th. This new item in the Army riot control stock was approved by the Defence Ministry almost a year ago, but until two weeks ago, it was authorised for use only at Long Kesh. Prisoners, who are used to the effects of CS gas, claim that a new, more irritating and paralysing agent was used on them. Internees also claim that when the first batch of CR gas was used on Knights Of Equity Convention In Buffalo Dennis O'Reilly of Rochester, New York, was elected Supreme Sir Knight of the Knights of Equity at the 79th annual convention held at Buffalo, New York. O'Reilly recently retired as Deputy Fire Chief after serving 33 years with the Rochester Fire Department. Cork born he came to this Country in 1929 married and remained in Rochester since. He is the father of seven children. John Bolsinger of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was elected Supreme Vice Sir Knight. Other elected were: Kenneth Power, secretary; Martin Schail, treasurer; Norman Fox, lecturer; Trustees are, John Marren, Daniel Clifford, Raymond McKelvy, Alfred Pedro, Michael Walsh, James Parks, and Bernard McClinchey. Reverend Thomas R. Bartley was reappointed Supreme Chaplain. Marion K. McMahon was elected national president of the Daughters of Erin the auxiliary to the Knights of Equity. Continued on Page 18 IK The end of the escape tunnel, just outside the perimeter An i-i +a ** lt; .* gt; . I I cnnmo +n nr rtn n + ltnv o r-i I fence. An internee was shot dead by British troops during rioting at Long Kesh camp following a break-out by Republican detainees early Tuesday. A Catholic chaplain who was in the camp said CS. gas was being used on the prisoners. He said he had seen at least 12 men spreadeagled against a compound wire and being beaten by troops. All of them were covered in blood, he said. Government sources said that 20 Republican detainees had escaped from the camp shortly after midnight. Eighteen of them were re-captured and a full-scale search was going on for the other two. A spokesman said a tunnel had been discovered in the camp during a search after the escape. Meanwhile conditions at the camp were described as shocking by an all-party delegation of Assemblymen who visited it. Members of the delegation, who inspected the camp on the invitation of the North's Secretary of State, Mr. Merlyn Rees, expressed fears that the camp might be burned down again if it were rebuilt. Rev. Ian Paisley, D.U.P. leader, who led the loyalist group, said the conditions were really sub-human and the S.D.L.P. delegation, consisting of Mr. Paddy O'Hanlon, Chief Whip, and Messrs. Desmond Gillespie, and Michael Canavan, said that the conditions were 100 times worse than they had imagined. Mr. Gillespie said last night there OGLAIGH NkhEIRE/VNN seems to be no other solution but to end internment and get rid of this place. These men have reached such a state of desperation that we were told that even if the camp is rebuilt, it would very likely be burned down again , he said. Mr. Gillespie said: We saw a meal being delivered to the loyalist compound in tin containers. It consisted of beef-burgers or sausage rools swimming in gravy and nothing else. The men refused to eat it and were existing on their food parcels. I got a list of complaints from Gusty Spence, the loyalist leader, which said Governor Truesdale should be sacked and protested that the men had neither light, heat nor hot water. The S.D.L.P. delegation said that because of orders most of the republican prisoners refused to meet them but they had chatted to some of them and learned of conditions which were really indescribable. Rev. Ian Paisley said that in the loyalist compound the conditions were sub-human he said. There was neither light nor heat and at night men were using candles. One toilet was so flooded that waders would be needed to use it. In one hut with 80 men, some were sleeping on soaking mattresses while others were lying on springs stretched across the hut. The Loyalist prisoners, he said, were refusing the food as a protest and were living on bread and tea and a quarter pound of margarine per day. r i UNITED BROOKLYN IRISH BAYRIDGE-FLATBUSH IRISH NORTHERN AID UNITS CHRISTMAS BENEFIT DANCE (or the Oppressed People of N.E. Ulster NOVEMBER 30th 1974 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Cummings Bros American Legion Hall 4516 Avenue D, Brooklyn, N.Y. 2 bottles par table of 10 Free Beer Donation 7.50 Co-Chairmen: E. Gallagher j. Toolan For Reservations and Directions Call: J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550or M.McNicholl 212-469-9874 A. Cusick 451-0819 PATODOrai THE FENIAN AVENGER EXECUTED NOVEMBER 17*mzm. Bishops Again Betray Their People WE NEEDTHEM Last week saw two bishops again calling for support for the British forces in Ireland. Both bishops spoke on the same day (October 22) and both condemned what they called terrorism. The Catholic Bishop of Down and Connor (which includes Belfast), Dr. William Philbin, is a noted Conservative and upholder of the church-state alliance. On October 22nd, he gave yet another speech in favour of British power, when he urged Catholics to help the British Army and the Royal Ulster Constabulary. He said that everybody must show their revulsion towards the dominance of the organised terrorist. Certain groups in Northern Ireland Dr. Philbin said, Have by now, ensured that our generation will be marked in history by the stigma of organised savagery. We shall be known for developments that have been destructive and evil-the introduction into society of new kinds of atrocities and of inhuman ruthlessness in their execution. As one phase of barbarity abates, another unfailingly takes its place the Bishop went on. The bishop was not referring here to the savagery of the R.U.C. Special Branch and S.A.S. murder squads. He continued, in fact, to plead for support for these: Only the agencies of security are in a position to establish the peace and order we all need and desire, and to avert the growing degeneracy of our society. If we need them, as we do, daily and nightly, we have also a duty to help them . Dr. Philbin made no attempt to conceal his hatred for revolutionaries, and his love for tyrants. Who in God's name needs torturers and murderers daily and nightly The bishop continued with his references to Satan, whom he believes to be behind the principles of freedom and the rights of man. Enough of evil has emanated from among our numbers-just now, our most urgent need is to counter the widespread corruption of our children by agents of Satan . Perhaps the most suitable answer to this pervertion of principle and religion was given by a Republican paper published in the impoverished and crucified ghettoes of Belfast: The peoples' conscience are clear-who clothed the naked, sheltered the homeless and gave succour to the oppressed? ANGRY REACTION IN BELFAST In a front page article Belfast's Andersonstown News accused the bishop of urging people to turn informer . It also accused Dr. Philbin of remaining silent on the fate of the Long Kesh internees . The paper says there has been angry reaction n the Andersonstown area over the bishop's statement, and claims that local community leaders are concerned that the church is giving approval to the operation of plain clothes squads of S.A.S. and R.U.C. men . The paper also said that after the intervention of Catholic clergy, barricades were taken down in the Lower Falls in 1969 and four people were later killed in a battle with security forces after police and troops raided houses. BUCHANAN LASHES OUT On the same day as Dr. Philbin spoke the Protestant Archbishop of Dublin, Dr. Alan Buchanan, himself a former British soldier, made a similar speech. Dr. Buchanan said that it must be recognised that most bloodshed in the country was caused by irishmen . He also called on people in the South to do more in supporting the security forces on both sides of the border . He also stated he believed that we, as a people, could do far more to support Con tinued on Page 18 - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index fb0d04ff0..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1974-11-16 Irish People/page3/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -(esh Loyalists Threaten Hunger Stele To De; The trouble-torn Long Kesh Concentration Cam was simmering on the verge of yet another crisis as more than 230 Loyalist prisoners vowed to go on a mass hunger strike to the death at midnight to protest at the sub-human conditions in the Loyalist compounds. The men, who are all UVF and Red Hand prisoners, have taken their action as part of an escalating UVF plan that follows the massive protest in the North when the Loyalist caused widespread disruption with more than 70 hoax bomb scares in 'hijacked vehicles. Another 200 Loyalist prisoners in Long Kesh, who belong to the UDA, are to decide whether or not they will join the hunger strike. A spokesman for the UVF prisoners in Belfast said that they have been refusing food from prison authorities for two weeks and have been surviving on food parcels brought in from outside. Many of them are ill because of the conditions, which have been aggravated since the Republicans burned down 80 of the camp last month. The only difference between Long Kesh and a Nazi concentration camp is that mass graves are not being Funeral Attended Continued from Page 1 pro bably will, cost you your life. The dice was loaded against the Republican movement, Mr. Loughran added, in terms of British Army strength and Britain's misuse of the law and involvement in torture, degredation and murder. Yet this choice of martyrdom has been accepted in every generation of our race, and great and noble souls have flung themselves into conflict, only to be crushed under the heels of the invader. Yet, again and again, rose the dominant need to be Irish and to be seen to be Irish and to fight for all that is truly Christian in the way of justice. Mr. Loughran went on: Love of Ireland could be said to be a love of death, but her children have never failed to answer the call to arms. They have never ceased to love her. Hugh Coney's name was now joined with those of Pearse and Barry, he said. Demanding the ending of internment, Mr. Loughran said: Our people must not be left to fight alone. There are many thousands of Ireland's sons and daughters abroad. They must also get into the fight. It's a fight for national emancipation. Realise your mighty strength. Together, we can accomplish what we please. Use it now for there is only one ending-success and the triumph of right and justice over iniquity and wrong. The dead man's parents, James and Christmas Dance. For Irish Relief Under a banner of United Brooklyn Irish the Bayridge and Flatbush units of Irish Northern Aid are scheduling a joint affair to raise fundsforthe common goal The thoughts of the Irish people suffering through another Christmas of deprivation are spurning their efforts to raise funds to be turned over in time to aid the families of prisoners in North East Ireland prior to Christmas. The joint Committee is comprised of: Evelyn and Bill Gallagher, Patrick Biesty, Pat Riordan and James Smith of Bayridge Unit. Kate and John Toolan, Mary Cunningham, Ann Cusick, Mary and Pat McNicholl, Pat Mullin and Inge and Sean Toner of the Flatbush Unit. The affair will be 'held at Cummings Bros. American Legion Post, 4516, Ave. D. Brooklyn on November 30th, 1974 from 9 p.m. to 1 a.m. Two bottles per table of ten plus set ups. The donation is 7.50. For table reservations call J. Toolan 212-IN-2-6550 or A. Cusick 451-0819, M. McNicholl 469-9874. dug outside the wire, Loyalist Assemblyman Mr. Hugh Smyth said at the weekend. According to Mr. Smyth, 80 of the Loyalist prisoners were suffering from 'flu, or a severe cold. Because of the deterioration in the conditions of the men, due to the failure of the prison authorities and the Government to act, the prisoners had decided on the hunger strike as the only way to decent conditions. The strike would continue to the death, or until the authorities took action. It was later, reported that the Loyalist prisoners are to be moved to rebuilt accomodation in the compound. The UVF, meanwhile, has decided not to contest next year's election for the Northern Ireland Convention, while its recently formed political wing, the Volunteer Party, has dropped plans for a direct challenge for parliamentary influence. Instead, the UVF intends to restrict its political activity to that of a ginger group. Members will be encouraged to join other right-wing Unionist parties as long as this does not interfere with their duties as members of the UVF. Kitty Coney, and his girl friend Eilish McSloy followed the coffin along with his brothers, Jim and Frank, and sisters Collette and Noelle, from the family home, a short distance outside Coalisland, to St. Patrick's Church, Clonoe. Wreaths from relatives and many Republican organisations were laid on the grave. During the funeral a British army helicopter flew overhead, and roads leading to Coalisland were manned by R.U.C. and British troops. Coalisland came to a standstill and black flags were hung at windows and street corners. Businesses closed down in many Republican areas as a mark of respect and sympathy demonstrations attracted large crowds in Belfast, Derry and Newry. Vehicles were hijacked and set on fire in the Dungannon area. As a result of one hijacking, an hotel function planned for pensioners in Ballygawley estate had to be cancelled. British Thugs Continued from Page 1 shirt and I could see he had been shot in the back right through the heart. I was told, earlier, that soldiers were lying behind trees on high ground overlooking the new road at Wandleside factory. They were just waiting for an innocent victim to walk out of Twinbrook estate. I was told by a person who saw the shooting that Gerry had just asked the driver to put the van across the road when there was a shot. Gerry fell, shot through the hip and, as he went down, he raised his hands to show that he had n,o weapon. - Then, there was another shot-the one in the back that killed him. They say it was a 'black' soldier who shot Gerry. 'OFFICER'CLAIM A man who claimed to be speaking on behalf of the 1st Battalion, Belfast Brigade, Provisional I.R.A. said Fennell was an officer in their G Company. The spokesman said he was murdered in cold blood. We have been expecting reprisals against our volunteers after our successful operations over the past few days, he added. ii fgi ira On Friday evening November 1st 1974 a capacity crowd was on hand at Gaelic Park Casino to pay tribute to Mario Biaggi. Congressman Biaggi a strong vocal supporter of Ireland's right to freedom and self rule arrived at 11 p.m. with his gracious wife Marie and their lovely daughter. A standing ovation was accorded the Guest of Honor as he entered the Casino with his family. Congressman Biaggi, who has been long deserving of this Irish Night due to his constant speaking out in Congress on behalf of our war torn homeland, mingled and introduced his family to the packed house. On opening the evenings ceremonies, Inwood Irish Northern Aid Chairman, Mike Meehan presented a plaque to Margaret Clancy Muldoon, a recently married colleen from County Leitrim, for the dedication and outstanding services to the cause of Irish Freedom over the past three years. Guest Speaker Sister St. Hugh, editor of The Irish People Newspaper was then introduced to the receptive gathering. Sister spoke on Biaggi's loyalty to Ireland and to the Irish community in this country. It would be an insult to Mr. Biaggi , said Sister St. Hugh, if we even attempted to list the times and the occasions when Congressman Biaggi took a stand on behalf of the people of Ireland. According to Sister St. Hugh, no page is large enough to contain the number of occasions of dedicated service Mr. Biaggi has rendered to Ireland and to the Irish and Irish American people in the United States. In concluding Sister St. Hugh presented Congressman Biaggi with a plaque on behalf of The Irish People. Biaggi again received a standing ovation. In presenting the plaque Sister St. Hugh said she had one sorrow and that was that she was not presenting it to him as the mayor of New York City. We know one thing for sure, if Mr. Biaggi was the mayor of New York City we wouldn't have British double decker buses coming into the city next July . Overwhelmed with the applause and the introduction Mr. Biaggi stepped forward holding the plaque and with pride glistening in his eyes he thanked the people who placed so much trust and hope in him. ht A Huge Success en CD CO Sr. St. Hugh makes a presentation to Congressman Biaggi. Somehow or other, Mr. Biaggi said, when the picture of Ireland was being painted somewhere along the line the brush of justice never touched that little island and ever since it has been the victim of British oppression . Calling on the Irish people to unite Mr. Biaggi pointed out that politicians must be made to believe that the Irish issue will be politically profitable to them otherwise he said, your representatives will not take a stand for your cause . He pointed out that there are only six Greek Congressmen in Congress yet they were able to hold up Congress until aid was given to the 600,000 Greeks in Cyprus. What , he asked are your fifty-two Irish-American Congressmen doing for you? The final speaker of the evening was Father Vallaley who had just arrived from County Tyrone. The good Father related many stories on the atrocities that have become an everyday occurrence in Ireland's six occupied counties, and pleaded for total support of Irish Northern Aid as this organization would ultimately be responsible for driving the British Government and Troops out of Ireland. Prior to singing the National Anthems Bob McCann asked for support of the Baltimore Four, now laying in U.S. Federal Prisons because they chose to help our Freedom Fighters in Ireland. This Inwood Irish Northern Aid sponsored Tribute under the chairmanship of Tyrone's Sean McGonnell and his committee of Pat Brian Clarke, Danny McElroy, Kevin Duffy, Vera Baker, Brendan Heagney, Jim Touhy, Mike Marion Loftus and Carmel Costelloe did an excellent job in catering to the large crowd. As the evening came to an end Mike Meehan presented a check for 3,500.00 to the U.S. Representative, Irish Northern Aid Matt Higgins to be used in buying warm clothing for the Irish men and women now interned in various concentration camp.s throughout Ireland. Inwood Vice Chairman Pat Clarke on left and Dance Chairman Sean McGonnell on right look on as presentation is made to Margaret Muldoon by Matt Higgins. r (212) 751-5470 Open 7 days a week L O'LUN NET'S 915 2nd Ave. N.Y.C. (betw. 48th 49th) Live Country Music And Dancing MODERN COUNTRY MUSIC Monday Through Saturday BLUE GRASS EVERY SUNDAY FOOD SERVED and BOOM AVAILABLE FOB PABTIES 1 J Shannon Travel Service, Inc. 75-24 37th Ave., Jackson Heights, N.Y. 11372 212-639-0667 or 212-639-7530. We Fill All Your Travel Needs - Domestic And Internationally Air-Cruises-HotelsTcurs-Packages-Youth Fairs, Etc. 8-Day Specials To Europe Patrick J. Neville, ?idie McManus, Joseph Whalen - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 77b4b8bcf..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page1/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -Twenty-Five Cents 12.00 per year people U.S.P.S. 070-77t 3 rt ma of mm mmueaiusM M AMSMCA Volume XI Number 12 March 27, 1982 ILIIMiEl ENDS VISIT The whirlwind American tour won by newly elected Free State head Charles Haughey along with the election from Garret FitzGerald concluded last week amidst mixed reviews. New York The tour began in New York with a visit to the Economic Club, comprising prestigious corporate executives and businessmen. Here Haughey's appeal was for American investment into the Free State economy. Haughey asserted that the economy was on sound basis and nearing the end of recession. However, as Haughey spoke, the Punt or Irish Free State pound, fell under the o; and fifty cent mark. Haughey was questioned about the north and here in a statement which dramatically contrasted with his public utterances during his prior term in office, asserted that the principal obstacle in the north was the British guarantee to Loyalists... We will have no progress until that is removed. Haughey also announced that he believed that the Free State would soon become an exporter of oil After the address, Haughey visited St. Agnes Church on 43rd St., the site of the apartment building where Haughey's predecessor, Eamon de Valera, was baptized. Washington The newly re-elected Free State head then journeyed to Washington, DC. He attended a White House luncheon with several Congressmen, Secretary Charles Haughey of State Alexander Haig, and celebrities, including Maureen O'Hara. Haughey was called upon to make an exchange of toasts. Instead, he spoke at length, stating: There is much to be done. And the first thing is that Britain be encouraged to seek more positively and more actively a change in attitude and outlook which would pave the way for unity and so enable her final withdrawal from Ireland to take place with honor and dignity. Reagan President Reagan later asserted that the United States would not become involved in influencing Vritish policy in Ireland. This reaction was praised both by Margaret Thatcher and Ian Paisley's deputy Peter Robinson. Haughey's position varied dramatically from his rhetoric during his first administration, wherein his visits to America were marked by attacks upon Irish-American opposition to British rule. The remarks generated for Haughey widespread publicity in Ireland, where Haughey holds a tenuous majority that may bring a new election within the year and in which Haughey is expected to campaign by assuming a mantle of Irish nationalism while maintaining collaboration with the British. A member of the Ulster Defense Association convicted for the assassination in Larne in 1980 of Irish Independence Party co-founder, Protestant John Turnly, claimed in a Belfast court at the conclusion ofthe trial that he had been working for the British Army's SAS squad. Twenty-seven year old Ro- they were all members of the bert McConnell named uio two SAS soldiers whom he claimed supplied him with information and with weapons for the killing and who had discussions with him on Miriam Daly, Bernadette McAliskey and John Turnly, all of whom were shot by the UDA in 1980 and 1981 in attacks claimed under the cover- name, the Ulster Freedom Fighters. In his statement McConnell said that in or around the month of April 1980,1 was working as a fish salesman in the Larne area. I was stopped one day near Cushendall by a van containing a number of men. I became satisfied subsequently that SAS and I had dealings with them on that and a number of subsequent occasions through their leaders who were Sergeant Tom Aiken and Corporal Mc- Gow. He said that at their behest he placed a listening device in a bar in Cushendall, County Antrim, in which Sinn Fein vice- president Gerry Adams was allegedly attending a meeting. He continued: During a series of subsequent meetings with them (the SAS) they discussed with me Republican leaders and in particular Turnly, Miriam Daly and Bernadette McAliskey... Continued on pg. 13 The two hundred and twentieth St Patrick's Day Parade in New York, despite a chilling rain, attracted more than one hundred and ninety bands and tens of thousands of marchers. A dramatic escalation of Irish patriotism in this year's parade was a highlight of the day, led by an Irish Northern Aid contingent nearly one thousand strong. This contingent included Sean Sands, whose deceased brother Bobby Sands, MP, was unanimously named Honorary Grand Marshal by the Parade Committee. (See story page 10) - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt b/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 52f833641..000000000 --- a/spec/fixtures/contentdm_xml/Irish_People_Short/1982-03-27 Irish People/page2/fulltext.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -2 GAP*61 FITZGERALD'S EIGHT MONTHS AS FREE STATE PREMIER IS cu honesty mate lyinepti BY KEVIN BURKE GARRET FitzGerald's eight- month term of office as Free State premier, which ended in Leinster House on Tuesday, March 9th, was the shortest premiership in the history ofthe state. It ended with his credibility in tatters and his ineptitude exposed. In the dying hours of his government, on Monday night, the Fine Gael leader U-turned for the last time, uselessly abandoning the supposed sacrosanct strictures of his vicious budget on VAT, subsidies and taxation of social welfare in a final vain attempt to buy the necessary independent votes and win the all-important prize of power. And capital projects at Whitegateoil refinery, Arigna mines and Dublin's port and docks site were blithely promised at a cost which put the unmentionable Knock airport in the shade. If his political acumen before the January budget had matched his lust for power after it, the general election need not have taken place and he could still be in office today. HUNGER-STRIKE It was on June 30th last year that Garret FitzGerald's coalition government took over from that of Charles Haughey, who had, to all intents and purposes, lost the general election because of his inaction on the H Block hunger- strike. FitzGerald, in the first heady hours of office pinpointed the hunger-strike as his most urgent priority. Four hunger-strikers were already dead at that time; six more were to die. In the next days he held a meeting with the British ambassador, significantly veiled in secrecy. And his first meeting with the hunger- strikers' relatives on July 3rd, was lengthy, but already concentrating on persuading them to undermine the protest. But following the death of Joe McDonnell on July 8th, FitzGerald, raising the hunger- strike for the first time in Leinster House, placed the onus for tho deaths on the British government. He dispatched two of his senior ministers to London, and later called on United States president Ronald Reagan and the EEC to intervene. That was the high-point of his hunger-strike effort. Discovering that actions were needed to back up his words, he began to back off and by tho end of July was publicly attempting to wash his hands of tho crisis. His statements from then on laid the blame on the IRA leaden ship not the British government. In the middle of August, relatives of the hunger-strikers were forcibly removed from government buildings. ECONOMY Meanwhile, Garret FitzGerald was well into breaking his first set of economic electoral promises. From the beginning of his government's term the cry went up that things were much worse economically than he had imagined and in fact the state was on the verqe of bank ruptcy. His first budget in mid-July, with a plethora of punitive measures, signalled that the electoral goodies wore not going to be delivered. Two days after getting it through Leinster House he sought to silence criticism within his own party, and his coalition allies, the Labour Party, by declaring a long summer holiday for the parliament to the end of October. But throughout the summer the voices of protest, among his own supporters and the vital independents, grew louder, spurred on, as August drew to a close, by a speech from his right-wing Minister for Industry John Kelly, Garret FitzGerald's meeting with Margaret Thatcher in London in November last year brought more evidence of his political ineptitude and of his readinoss to collaborate likening social welfare recipients to 'cannibal piglets'. Almost continuous price increases fuelled the grumblings and in September when FitzGerald went to chop the Tuam sugar factory as part of his 'lame ducks' policy, the outcry forced him to retract. In November, forty thousand angry farmers marched on Dublin in piotest at their worsening economic conditions. FitzGerald turned his attention then to wage costs and, as the centralised pay-deal talks headed for collapse, launched a verbal attack on workers' living standards which was enthusiastically taken up by employers' organisations. But here again, there was disappointment with his big talk when, as the year closed, he agreed a public sector pay increase of 15 , which although well below inflation rates, was most displeasing to pnvate sector employers. CRUSADE Under pressure politically because of his inability to take any effective economic action, FitzGerald, in September, hit, partly by accident, on a handy diversion. With monumental hypocrisy, and with much pious reference to Tone and Davis, he launched what became known as his 'constitutional crusade'. Supposed to be a total reform of the Free State constitution of 1937, it was primarily aimed, not at lemoving social injustice in the South, but at wooing loyalists in the North. His concentration on the removal of Articles 2 and 3 from the constitution, which claim territorial jurisdiction over thirty-two counties, and Ins description of the Free State as sectarian, won him praise ftom Doth the former Vanguard leader, now Official Unionist, William Craig, and from the murderous Ulster Defence Association. With the hunger-strike over in October, FitzGerald felt the way cleai for more extended collaboration with Britain. A meeting with Northern direct-ruler James Prior in Dublin preceded a summit in London with British premier Margaret Thatcher on November 6th. LONDON Before FitzGerald went to London he was nicely set up by Charles Haughey, who claimed that out of the Anglo-Irish study groups, which he had himself instigated with Thatcher, would come great things including a three-tier Anglo- Irish Council which should be announced at the forthcoming meeting. FitzGerald returned from London with an Anglo-Irish Council which was merely a name stuck on the existing system of meetings between government leaders and civil servants. He did not have the third tier, much-vaunted by Haughey, of a council of parliamentary members from London and Dublin. In London, FitzGerald had been craven. Humiliated by Britain's contempt for its weak hunger-strike protests, and trumpeting abroad that his state was bankrupt, he cut a sorry figure. To win his way back into Britain's good books he promised further collaboration in the future by way of joint courts to include Northern judges to try political offences in the South and by allowing RUC men to interrogate suspects in Free State garda stations. Meanwhile, both sides agreed to give the Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Act a further try as an alternative to extradition, and by the end of his term in office FitzGerald had six of the Crumlin Road escapees imprisoned by the Dublin Special Court and the first Irishman in the same dock for political offences alleged to have taken place in England. Also, on the home front, legislation was being prepared to extend already repressive legislation, to end the right to bail, the right to silence in custody and further extend garda powers. CENSORSHIP But Garret FitzGerald will not just be remembered for his ardent collaboration with Britain nor for the viciousness of his economic measures in breach of his election promises. There were plenty of other memorable points which left his personal imprint on the office of Free State premier. Although a supposed liberal, he has nothing to show from his term to support this image. On the question of political censorship he displayed his attitude by the appointment of the hard-line Patrick Cooney as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. In August, he drew widespread criticism at home, and derision abroad, by banning the newly elected Westminster MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone, Owen Carron, from RTE. And in the January election FitzGerald's determination to silence his republican critics, inspired an extension on the ban on Sinn Fein, which backfired when the enabling legislation was ruled unconstitutional by a High Court judge. JOBBERY Among the few grateful admirers who FitzGerald will have won for his period as premier are the British agents, the Littlejohn brothers, and the loyalist bomber Norman Parkinson of the UDA, all of whom were freed early from Mountjoy prison. There are also several beneficiaries of his corrupt patronage in the form of highly- paid jobs in the government and civil service. During his short spell, an array of political appointments of this kind include several of his political cronies and their relatives, including his own son and daughter-in-law. Even in the dying days of his government the hypocrite who had previously denounced political jobbery made partisan appointments in the garda, the judiciary and to state bodies. Garret FitzGerald goes down as yet another Irish leader who has failed and betrayed his people. Eight months of Garret FitzGerald were more than enough. Dublin's Clemency for UDA Prisoner The surprise release from Mountjoy Prison of UDA man Frederick Parkinson has produced some criticism alleging that the same humanitarian concern is not extended to Republican prisoners on either side of the Border. Parkinson (37), the father of two children, was serving a 12- year sentence for an attempted firebomb blitz in Dublin. He was convicted of having incendiary devices and firearms in 1977. He would have been due for release in 1986 with full remission. But, following intervention on his behalf by various people and organizations, he has been given a full remission on humanitarian grounds on condition that he does not come back into the Free State. For much of his period in Mountjoy, Parkinson shared accommodations in the prison's basement with the Littlejohn brothers who were released last year, also on humanitarian grounds, with half their sentences still to serve. Among the organizations which worked for Parkinson's release was the Catholic lay organization, the Knights of St. Colum- banus. Among the individuals who helped were Bishop Com- iskey, one of Dublin's auxiliary Catholic bishops, and a Unionist former mayor of Belfast, John Carson. Carson became friendly with the then Lord Mayor of Dublin, Fine Gael TD Fergus O'Brien, and last year they went on a joint tour of the United States. Carson admits that O'Brien opened up negotiations for him with the result that he met Dr. Garret FitzGerald and the then Minister for Justice, Jim Mitchell. James Eccles, until recently Supreme Knight in Ireland of the Knights of St. Columbanus, says that, together with Denis Maloney, also a Knight, and the solicitor who defended Parkinson, he visited him in prison on a number of occasions. Afterwards, they made representation to the Minister for Justice. At a press conference at UDA headquarters in Belfast, Parkinson praised the humanitarian policies of Fine Gael. They were the people who released me, and I am very grateful, he said. He added that he now regrets having gone into the Free State with the intention of doing damage. He had been treated well in prison and those Catholics and Protestants who had intervened to bring about his release contrasted starkly with certain Loyalist politicians whom he didn't name. He said that he would be remaining a member of the UDA. - \ No newline at end of file From 7eebde159893e42de4cbfe9c5109769479174855 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 09:21:29 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 13/18] Another pass at manually installing tesserct. --- .install_tesseract | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 7da23e778..15c8611f9 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ cd .. git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract.git cd tesseract ./autogen.sh -./configure --enable-debug -LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/lib" CFLAGS="-I/usr/local/include" make +./configure +make sudo make install sudo ldconfig make training From f5a0ff444da6440cf3618eb57eee9331bc28ecaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 09:31:43 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 14/18] Another tesseract install attempt. --- .install_tesseract | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 15c8611f9..5e9bbaeac 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -18,8 +18,9 @@ sed -i 's/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm/-ltiff -ljpeg -lpng -lz -lm -lopenjp2/g' . make sudo make install cd .. -git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract.git -cd tesseract +wget "https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tesseract/archive/3.04.00.zip" +unzip 3.04.00.zip +cd tesseract-3.04.00 ./autogen.sh ./configure make From f26fe41fe065841b01d7503e36ca6dac398f8ba0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 10:34:48 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 15/18] Adds tesseract languages even more manually. --- .install_tesseract | 5 +++-- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 5e9bbaeac..60c5eb94b 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ cd tesseract-3.04.00 make sudo make install sudo ldconfig -make training -sudo make training-install cd .. +git clone https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata.git +cp tessdata/eng.* /usr/local/share/tessdata/ +cp tessdat/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata tesseract -v From 0eb112b635e180ef423dcf31dcc00878f9266f78 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 10:36:48 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 16/18] Adds tesseract languages even more manually (fix typo). --- .install_tesseract | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 60c5eb94b..320ab0809 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ sudo ldconfig cd .. git clone https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata.git cp tessdata/eng.* /usr/local/share/tessdata/ -cp tessdat/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata +cp tessdata/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata tesseract -v From 8aa7c7d0d8d91a56e85e01f1cc4b31af11d4bc12 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 10:49:16 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 17/18] Adds tesseract languages even more manually (permission fix). --- .install_tesseract | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 320ab0809..1528f0293 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -28,6 +28,6 @@ sudo make install sudo ldconfig cd .. git clone https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata.git -cp tessdata/eng.* /usr/local/share/tessdata/ -cp tessdata/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata +sudo cp tessdata/eng.* /usr/local/share/tessdata/ +sduo cp tessdata/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata tesseract -v From 2979951bbeb3834ee2cb2194685201985f382e8d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Andy Smith Date: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 13:19:37 -0500 Subject: [PATCH 18/18] Adds additional language (italian) to tesseract. --- .install_tesseract | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.install_tesseract b/.install_tesseract index 1528f0293..1a14f8330 100644 --- a/.install_tesseract +++ b/.install_tesseract @@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ sudo ldconfig cd .. git clone https://github.com/tesseract-ocr/tessdata.git sudo cp tessdata/eng.* /usr/local/share/tessdata/ -sduo cp tessdata/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata +sudo cp tessdata/ita* /usr/local/share/tessdata tesseract -v