diff --git a/internal/dataplane/parser/translators/httproute_atc_test.go b/internal/dataplane/parser/translators/httproute_atc_test.go
index c8d29d14b8..e513f7208e 100644
--- a/internal/dataplane/parser/translators/httproute_atc_test.go
+++ b/internal/dataplane/parser/translators/httproute_atc_test.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/kong/go-kong/kong"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
 	gatewayv1beta1 "sigs.k8s.io/gateway-api/apis/v1beta1"
 
 	"github.com/kong/kubernetes-ingress-controller/v2/internal/dataplane/kongstate"
@@ -306,3 +307,177 @@ func TestGenerateMatcherFromHTTPRouteMatch(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestCalculateHTTPRoutePriorityTraits(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name           string
+		httpRoute      *gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRoute
+		expectedTraits HTTPRoutePriorityTraits
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "precise hostname and exact path",
+			httpRoute: &gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRoute{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Namespace: "default",
+					Name:      "precise-hostname-exact-path",
+				},
+				Spec: gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteSpec{
+					Hostnames: []gatewayv1beta1.Hostname{"foo.com"},
+					Rules: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteRule{
+						{
+							Matches: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteMatch{
+								builder.NewHTTPRouteMatch().WithPathExact("/foo").Build(),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedTraits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PreciseHostname: true,
+				HostnameLength:  len("foo.com"),
+				PathType:        gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchExact,
+				PathLength:      len("/foo"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wildcard hostname and prefix path",
+			httpRoute: &gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRoute{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Namespace: "default",
+					Name:      "wildcard-hostname-prefix-path",
+				},
+				Spec: gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteSpec{
+					Hostnames: []gatewayv1beta1.Hostname{"*.foo.com"},
+					Rules: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteRule{
+						{
+							Matches: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteMatch{
+								builder.NewHTTPRouteMatch().WithPathPrefix("/foo/").Build(),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedTraits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PreciseHostname: false,
+				HostnameLength:  len("*.foo.com"),
+				PathType:        gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchPathPrefix,
+				PathLength:      len("/foo/"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no hostname and regex path, with header matches",
+			httpRoute: &gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRoute{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Namespace: "default",
+					Name:      "no-hostname-regex-path",
+				},
+				Spec: gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteSpec{
+					Rules: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteRule{
+						{
+							Matches: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteMatch{
+								builder.NewHTTPRouteMatch().WithPathRegex("/[a-z0-9]+").
+									WithHeader("foo", "bar").Build(),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedTraits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PathType:    gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchRegularExpression,
+				PathLength:  len("/[a-z0-9]+"),
+				HeaderCount: 1,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "precise hostname and method, query param match",
+			httpRoute: &gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRoute{
+				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
+					Namespace: "default",
+					Name:      "precise-hostname-method-query",
+				},
+				Spec: gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteSpec{
+					Hostnames: []gatewayv1beta1.Hostname{
+						"foo.com",
+					},
+					Rules: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteRule{
+						{
+							Matches: []gatewayv1beta1.HTTPRouteMatch{
+								builder.NewHTTPRouteMatch().WithMethod("GET").
+									WithQueryParam("foo", "bar").Build(),
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expectedTraits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PreciseHostname: true,
+				HostnameLength:  len("foo.com"),
+				HasMethodMatch:  true,
+				QueryParamCount: 1,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		tc := tc
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			traits := CalculateHTTPRoutePriorityTraits(tc.httpRoute)
+			require.Equal(t, tc.expectedTraits, traits)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEncodeHTTPRoutePriorityFromTraits(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name             string
+		traits           HTTPRoutePriorityTraits
+		expectedPriority int
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "precise hostname and exact path",
+			traits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PreciseHostname: true,
+				HostnameLength:  7,
+				PathType:        gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchExact,
+				PathLength:      4,
+			},
+			expectedPriority: (2 << 50) | (1 << 49) | (7 << 41) | (1 << 40) | (3 << 29),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wildcard hostname and prefix path",
+			traits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PreciseHostname: false,
+				HostnameLength:  7,
+				PathType:        gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchPathPrefix,
+				PathLength:      5,
+			},
+			expectedPriority: (2 << 50) | (7 << 41) | (4 << 29),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no hostname and regex path, with header matches",
+			traits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PathType:    gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchRegularExpression,
+				PathLength:  5,
+				HeaderCount: 2,
+			},
+			expectedPriority: (2 << 50) | (1 << 39) | (4 << 29) | (2 << 24),
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no hostname and exact path, with method match and query parameter matches",
+			traits: HTTPRoutePriorityTraits{
+				PathType:        gatewayv1beta1.PathMatchExact,
+				PathLength:      5,
+				HasMethodMatch:  true,
+				QueryParamCount: 1,
+			},
+			expectedPriority: (2 << 50) | (1 << 40) | (4 << 29) | (1 << 23) | (1 << 18),
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		tc := tc
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			require.Equal(t, tc.expectedPriority, tc.traits.EncodeToPriority())
+		})
+	}
+}