Describe Joseph Scaliger and his contributions to modern understanding of History
Joseph Justus Scaliger (1540 – 1609) was a French Calvinist religious leader and scholar, known for expanding the notion of classical history from Greek and Ancient Roman history to include Persian, Babylonian, Jewish and Ancient Egyptian history. He spent the last sixteen years of his life in the Netherlands.

Scaliger's greatest contribution to the field of history was his development of a comprehensive chronology of world history, which he used to revise and improve the historical record. He used astronomical and mathematical techniques to accurately date events, correcting many errors and inconsistencies in the historical record. He was also the first to develop a chronological system that took into account the different calendars used by different cultures and civilizations.

Scaliger's chronology had a profound impact on the study of history and is still widely used by historians today. His methods of dating events and his chronological system set a new standard for historical accuracy and helped lay the foundation for modern historical studies.

In addition to his work in chronology, Scaliger was also a renowned scholar of classical literature. He was especially well-known for his work on ancient Roman literature, including the works of Festus, Catullus, Tibullus, and Propertius.

Scaliger was a pioneering scholar of textual criticism, and he applied this method to the study of classical literature. He was one of the first scholars to use philological techniques to accurately edit and publish ancient texts. He also made important contributions to the understanding of ancient Latin, and he published works on the grammar and syntax of the language.
Can you explain which other scholars' work he influenced most directly?
Some other scholars whose works were influenced by Joseph Scaliger's work are:

    Isaac Casaubon - Scaliger's influence on Casaubon was significant, as he was one of the first scholars to adopt Scaliger's chronology and methodology in his own work.

    Richard Simon - Simon, who is considered one of the founders of biblical criticism, was heavily influenced by Scaliger's ideas on chronology and the study of ancient texts.

    Jean Mabillon - Mabillon, a Benedictine monk and scholar, was influenced by Scaliger's work on chronology and historical methodology, and he went on to make significant contributions in the field of patristics and the study of medieval manuscripts.

    Petrus Blondel - Blondel was a Dutch scholar who was deeply influenced by Scaliger's ideas on chronology and historical methodology, and he used these ideas to make significant contributions in the fields of classical studies and history.

    Edmond Martène - Martène, a French scholar and historian, was influenced by Scaliger's ideas on chronology and historical methodology, and he used these ideas in his own work on the history of the early Christian church.

Overall, Scaliger's ideas on chronology, historical methodology, and the study of ancient texts had a profound impact on many scholars and helped to shape the fields of classical studies and history in the 16th and 17th centuries.