can you explain sockets in python with an example? i am a beginner so please use easy to understand language
Sure. In simple words, sockets are a way for two programs to communicate with each other over a network. In Python, you can use the socket module to create sockets and send and receive data.

Here is an example of a simple socket server:
```python
import socket

# Create a socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# Bind the socket to a port
s.bind((localhost, 8080))

# Listen for incoming connections
s.listen(1)

# Accept an incoming connection
conn, addr = s.accept()

# Receive data from the client
data = conn.recv(1024)

# Send data back to the client
conn.send(Hello, world!.encode())

# Close the connection
conn.close()
```

This server will listen for incoming connections on port 8080. When a client connects, the server will send it the message Hello, world!. The client can then send a message back to the server, and the server will echo it back.

Here is an example of a simple socket client:
```python
import socket

# Create a socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)

# Connect to the server
s.connect((localhost, 8080))

# Send data to the server
s.send(Hello, world!.encode())

# Receive data from the server
data = s.recv(1024)

# Print the data
print(data.decode())

# Close the connection
s.close()
```

This client will connect to the server at port 8080 and send it the message Hello, world!. The server will echo the message back, and the client will print it.

This is just a simple way of how you can use sockets in Python. There are many other things you can do with sockets, such as creating a chat server or a file transfer program.
If I only run the second one, i get a 

```
ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused
```

Error. Why?
In your situation, the reason for the above mentioned error (ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused) is because the second snippet of code's function is to connect to a server that is listening for incoming connections, but you did not execute the first snippet of code so there was no server for the client to connect to when the second snippet of code was executed.

You can resolve the error by first executing the first snippet of code, creating a server that listens on port 8080. Next execute the second snippet of code, establishing a connection to the server and sending the data (Hello, world!).

I hope this solved your problem!
Feel free to ask me for assistance upon encountering another error.
Makes sense. The 'refused' part in the connectionrefusederror might lead one to think there is a permission error or perhaps the wrong port, as refusal sort of implies an active denial. But, in this case, a refusal can simply mean that no one is home listening. Thanks!