Which one is better, GNOME or KDE, and why?
both GNOME and KDE are excellent desktop environments for Linux, each with its own strengths and distinct approach to user experience. The choice between the two often comes down to personal preference. Here's a brief overview of both:

GNOME:
GNOME focuses on simplicity and user-friendliness. It provides a clean and straightforward interface, which can be a plus for users who want an environment that's easy to understand and navigate. GNOME follows a design philosophy of reducing clutter and making the essentials as easy to access as possible. Some users also find GNOME's default interface more modern and visually appealing.

KDE:
KDE is highly customizable, which is a plus for users who like to tweak their desktop environment to their liking. It has a more traditional desktop interface (similar to what you'd see in Windows, with a start menu and taskbar). KDE is known for its powerful applications like Dolphin (file manager), Konsole (terminal), Kdenlive (video editor), etc. Some users also prefer KDE because it's generally lighter on resources compared to GNOME.

The best way to decide between the two is to try them out and see which one suits your workflow and aesthetic preferences better. Both are open-source and have large, active communities, so you can expect regular updates and plenty of online support with either option.

It's also worth mentioning that the better option can depend on what distribution of Linux you're using. Some distributions are designed with a particular desktop environment in mind, so you may find that GNOME works better on one distribution, while KDE works better on another.
Are there any other options for desktop environments that I should consider in addition to these two? Also, which desktop environment would be most familiar to someone coming from windows?
Yes, there are other desktop environments available for Linux that you may consider in addition to GNOME and KDE. Here are a few notable options:
1. Xfce: Xfce is known for its lightweight nature, making it a great choice for older or less powerful hardware. It provides a traditional desktop experience with a focus on efficiency and customization.
2. Cinnamon: Developed by the Linux Mint team, Cinnamon offers a familiar and user-friendly interface similar to Windows. It aims to provide a comfortable transition for users coming from a Windows environment.
3. MATE: MATE is a continuation of the classic GNOME 2 desktop environment, which was popular before GNOME transitioned to its current version. MATE is lightweight, visually appealing, and offers a traditional desktop experience.
4. LXDE/LXQt: LXDE (Lightweight X11 Desktop Environment) and LXQt (Lightweight Qt Desktop Environment) are lightweight options designed for resource-constrained systems. They are fast, efficient, and suitable for older hardware.

When it comes to familiarity for someone coming from Windows, Cinnamon and Xfce are often mentioned as desktop environments that offer a more traditional Windows-like experience. They provide a taskbar, start menu, and generally aim to provide a comfortable transition for users accustomed to the Windows interface.

Ultimately, the choice of desktop environment depends on your personal preferences, hardware requirements, and the distribution of Linux you're using. It's recommended to try out different desktop environments and see which one feels the most comfortable and suits your workflow best.