What is a VPN? Can it really help me mask my identity online like the advertisements say?
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that creates a secure, encrypted connection between devices and the internet. It works by routing internet traffic through a remote server, which masks IP addresses and makes it appear as if access to the internet is from a different location. This can provide privacy and anonymity by making it more difficult for third parties, such as websites and ISPs, to track the user's online activities.

VPN services can help to some extent in masking identities online, but they are not foolproof. While VPNs do hide IP addresses and encrypt data, they don't make users completely anonymous. Some potential limitations and risks include:

- VPN server security: VPN servers can be targeted by hackers, and if compromised, the user's data may be at risk. Make sure the VPN provider has robust security measures in place to protect their servers.

- VPN provider trustworthiness: Some VPN providers may log your activities or be subject to data requests from law enforcement agencies. Choosing a reputable VPN provider with a clear privacy policy and a no-logs policy minimizes the risk.

- DNS and IP leaks: Sometimes, VPN connections can have leaks that exposes the real IP address or DNS requests. Use a VPN that has built-in protection against such leaks.

- Browser fingerprinting: Websites can track you using browser fingerprinting techniques, which gather information about browsers and system configurations. VPNs cannot protect from browser fingerprinting.

- Legal considerations: Some countries have restrictions or even outright bans on VPN usage. Be aware of the laws in your jurisdiction before using a VPN.

In conclusion, VPNs can help mask identities online to a certain degree, but certainly not a foolproof solution. To further enhance privacy, consider additional tools and techniques, such as privacy-focused browsers, ad blockers, and disabling cookies.
How do I know that my VPN is working?
You can use some external server that checks what IP number you are accessing it from. Just searching for what's my ip in Google or Bing will tell you the result. You can toggle your VPN on and off and compare the result of this search with the VPN on or off. If the IP number changes your VPN is working.

Many VPN providers also offer a webpage themselves that show you whether you are accessing it through their VPN service or not. If your VPN provider has such a page using it is probably the best way.