diff --git a/src/definitions.h b/src/definitions.h
index 44ad5c5..7001a5d 100644
--- a/src/definitions.h
+++ b/src/definitions.h
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ static constexpr auto AUTHENTICATOR_PERIOD = 30U;
 #pragma warning(disable : 4244) // 'argument' : conversion from 'type1' to 'type2', possible loss of data
 #pragma warning(disable : 4250) // 'class1' : inherits 'class2::member' via dominance
 #pragma warning(disable : 4267) // 'var' : conversion from 'size_t' to 'type', possible loss of data
+#pragma warning(disable : 4275) // can be ignored in Visual C++ if you are deriving from a type in the C++ STL
 #pragma warning(disable : 4319) // '~': zero extending 'unsigned int' to 'lua_Number' of greater size
 #pragma warning(disable : 4351) // new behavior: elements of array will be default initialized
 #pragma warning(disable : 4458) // declaration hides class member
diff --git a/src/iomapserialize.cpp b/src/iomapserialize.cpp
index 1350fb5..bdcabc1 100644
--- a/src/iomapserialize.cpp
+++ b/src/iomapserialize.cpp
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 #include "bed.h"
 #include "game.h"
 
-#include <fmt/format.h>
-
 extern Game g_game;
 
 void IOMapSerialize::loadHouseItems(Map* map)
@@ -324,7 +322,8 @@ bool IOMapSerialize::saveHouseInfo()
 
 		std::string listText;
 		if (house->getAccessList(GUEST_LIST, listText) && !listText.empty()) {
-			if (!stmt.addRow(fmt::format("{:d}, {}, {:s}", house->getId(), GUEST_LIST, db.escapeString(listText)))) {
+			if (!stmt.addRow(fmt::format("{:d}, {}, {:s}", house->getId(), format_as(GUEST_LIST),
+			                             db.escapeString(listText)))) {
 				return false;
 			}
 
@@ -332,7 +331,8 @@ bool IOMapSerialize::saveHouseInfo()
 		}
 
 		if (house->getAccessList(SUBOWNER_LIST, listText) && !listText.empty()) {
-			if (!stmt.addRow(fmt::format("{:d}, {}, {:s}", house->getId(), SUBOWNER_LIST, db.escapeString(listText)))) {
+			if (!stmt.addRow(fmt::format("{:d}, {}, {:s}", house->getId(), format_as(SUBOWNER_LIST),
+			                             db.escapeString(listText)))) {
 				return false;
 			}
 
diff --git a/src/protocolgame.cpp b/src/protocolgame.cpp
index 460fa64..56467fe 100644
--- a/src/protocolgame.cpp
+++ b/src/protocolgame.cpp
@@ -1740,16 +1740,16 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendCloseContainer(uint8_t cid)
 	writeToOutputBuffer(msg);
 }
 
-void ProtocolGame::sendCreatureTurn(const Creature* creature, uint32_t stackPos)
+void ProtocolGame::sendCreatureTurn(const Creature* creature, uint32_t stackpos)
 {
-	if (stackPos == -1 || stackPos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(creature)) {
+	if (stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(creature)) {
 		return;
 	}
 
 	NetworkMessage msg;
 	msg.addByte(0x6B);
 	msg.addPosition(creature->getPosition());
-	msg.addByte(static_cast<uint8_t>(stackPos));
+	msg.addByte(static_cast<uint8_t>(stackpos));
 
 	msg.add<uint16_t>(0x63);
 	msg.add<uint32_t>(creature->getID());
@@ -1944,7 +1944,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendMapDescription(const Position& pos)
 
 void ProtocolGame::sendAddTileItem(const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos, const Item* item)
 {
-	if (!canSee(pos)) {
+	if (stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(pos)) {
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1958,7 +1958,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendAddTileItem(const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos, const
 
 void ProtocolGame::sendUpdateTileItem(const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos, const Item* item)
 {
-	if (!canSee(pos)) {
+	if (stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(pos)) {
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -1983,7 +1983,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendRemoveTileThing(const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos)
 
 void ProtocolGame::sendUpdateTileCreature(const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos, const Creature* creature)
 {
-	if (stackpos == -1 || stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(pos)) {
+	if (stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS || !canSee(pos)) {
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -2037,7 +2037,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendAddCreature(const Creature* creature, const Position& pos
 	}
 
 	if (creature != player) {
-		if (stackpos != -1 && stackpos < MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
+		if (stackpos < MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
 			NetworkMessage msg;
 			msg.addByte(0x6A);
 			msg.addPosition(pos);
@@ -2103,9 +2103,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::sendMoveCreature(const Creature* creature, const Position& ne
                                     const Position& oldPos, int32_t oldStackPos, bool teleport)
 {
 	if (creature == player) {
-		if (oldStackPos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
-			sendMapDescription(newPos);
-		} else if (teleport) {
+		if (teleport || oldStackPos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
 			sendRemoveTileThing(oldPos, oldStackPos);
 			sendMapDescription(newPos);
 		} else {
@@ -2480,7 +2478,7 @@ void ProtocolGame::AddCreatureLight(NetworkMessage& msg, const Creature* creatur
 // tile
 void ProtocolGame::RemoveTileThing(NetworkMessage& msg, const Position& pos, uint32_t stackpos)
 {
-	if (stackpos == -1 || stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
+	if (stackpos >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
 		return;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/protocolgame.h b/src/protocolgame.h
index 65c86ac..a640648 100644
--- a/src/protocolgame.h
+++ b/src/protocolgame.h
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ class ProtocolGame final : public Protocol
 	void sendCreatureHealth(const Creature* creature);
 	void sendSkills();
 	void sendPing();
-	void sendCreatureTurn(const Creature* creature, uint32_t stackPos);
+	void sendCreatureTurn(const Creature* creature, uint32_t stackpos);
 	void sendCreatureSay(const Creature* creature, SpeakClasses type, std::string_view text,
 	                     const Position* pos = nullptr);
 
diff --git a/src/tile.cpp b/src/tile.cpp
index 396b72b..d93b432 100644
--- a/src/tile.cpp
+++ b/src/tile.cpp
@@ -1204,24 +1204,18 @@ int32_t Tile::getStackposOfItem(const Player* player, const Item* item) const
 			for (auto it = items->getBeginTopItem(), end = items->getEndTopItem(); it != end; ++it) {
 				if (*it == item) {
 					return n;
-				} else if (++n == MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
-					return -1;
 				}
+				++n;
 			}
 		} else {
 			n += items->getTopItemCount();
-			if (n >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
-				return -1;
-			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if (const CreatureVector* creatures = getCreatures()) {
 		for (const Creature* creature : *creatures) {
 			if (player->canSeeCreature(creature)) {
-				if (++n >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
-					return -1;
-				}
+				++n;
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1230,9 +1224,8 @@ int32_t Tile::getStackposOfItem(const Player* player, const Item* item) const
 		for (auto it = items->getBeginDownItem(), end = items->getEndDownItem(); it != end; ++it) {
 			if (*it == item) {
 				return n;
-			} else if (++n >= MAX_STACKPOS_THINGS) {
-				return -1;
 			}
+			++n;
 		}
 	}
 	return -1;
diff --git a/src/tools.h b/src/tools.h
index b4ef8b3..96de1a7 100644
--- a/src/tools.h
+++ b/src/tools.h
@@ -76,4 +76,10 @@ int64_t OTSYS_TIME();
 
 SpellGroup_t stringToSpellGroup(std::string_view value);
 
+template <typename E>
+auto format_as(E e)
+{
+	return fmt::underlying(e);
+}
+
 #endif