diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 022a7d30..ae6b7ffc 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 ### Packaging
-- Include `py.typed` when packaging to denote that setuptools-rust includes type hints. [#338](https://github.com/PyO3/setuptools-rust/pull/338)
 - Remove direct imports from `distutils`. [#336](https://github.com/PyO3/setuptools-rust/pull/336)
+- Include `py.typed` when packaging to denote that setuptools-rust includes type hints. [#338](https://github.com/PyO3/setuptools-rust/pull/338)
+
+### Added
+- Add support for `pyproject.toml` configuration using `[tool.setuptools-rust]` options. [#348](https://github.com/PyO3/setuptools-rust/pull/348)
 
 ## 1.6.0 (2023-04-27)
 ### Changed
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.lock b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d18dc500
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 3
+
+[[package]]
+name = "autocfg"
+version = "1.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d468802bab17cbc0cc575e9b053f41e72aa36bfa6b7f55e3529ffa43161b97fa"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "bitflags"
+version = "1.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg-if"
+version = "1.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hello-world"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "pyo3",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "indoc"
+version = "1.0.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bfa799dd5ed20a7e349f3b4639aa80d74549c81716d9ec4f994c9b5815598306"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libc"
+version = "0.2.147"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b4668fb0ea861c1df094127ac5f1da3409a82116a4ba74fca2e58ef927159bb3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "lock_api"
+version = "0.4.10"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c1cc9717a20b1bb222f333e6a92fd32f7d8a18ddc5a3191a11af45dcbf4dcd16"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+ "scopeguard",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "memoffset"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "5a634b1c61a95585bd15607c6ab0c4e5b226e695ff2800ba0cdccddf208c406c"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "once_cell"
+version = "1.18.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dd8b5dd2ae5ed71462c540258bedcb51965123ad7e7ccf4b9a8cafaa4a63576d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "parking_lot"
+version = "0.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3742b2c103b9f06bc9fff0a37ff4912935851bee6d36f3c02bcc755bcfec228f"
+dependencies = [
+ "lock_api",
+ "parking_lot_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "parking_lot_core"
+version = "0.9.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "93f00c865fe7cabf650081affecd3871070f26767e7b2070a3ffae14c654b447"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "redox_syscall",
+ "smallvec",
+ "windows-targets",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "proc-macro2"
+version = "1.0.66"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "18fb31db3f9bddb2ea821cde30a9f70117e3f119938b5ee630b7403aa6e2ead9"
+dependencies = [
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyo3"
+version = "0.19.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e681a6cfdc4adcc93b4d3cf993749a4552018ee0a9b65fc0ccfad74352c72a38"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "indoc",
+ "libc",
+ "memoffset",
+ "parking_lot",
+ "pyo3-build-config",
+ "pyo3-ffi",
+ "pyo3-macros",
+ "unindent",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyo3-build-config"
+version = "0.19.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "076c73d0bc438f7a4ef6fdd0c3bb4732149136abd952b110ac93e4edb13a6ba5"
+dependencies = [
+ "once_cell",
+ "target-lexicon",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyo3-ffi"
+version = "0.19.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e53cee42e77ebe256066ba8aa77eff722b3bb91f3419177cf4cd0f304d3284d9"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "pyo3-build-config",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyo3-macros"
+version = "0.19.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dfeb4c99597e136528c6dd7d5e3de5434d1ceaf487436a3f03b2d56b6fc9efd1"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "pyo3-macros-backend",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "pyo3-macros-backend"
+version = "0.19.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "947dc12175c254889edc0c02e399476c2f652b4b9ebd123aa655c224de259536"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "quote"
+version = "1.0.32"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "50f3b39ccfb720540debaa0164757101c08ecb8d326b15358ce76a62c7e85965"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "redox_syscall"
+version = "0.3.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "567664f262709473930a4bf9e51bf2ebf3348f2e748ccc50dea20646858f8f29"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "scopeguard"
+version = "1.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "94143f37725109f92c262ed2cf5e59bce7498c01bcc1502d7b9afe439a4e9f49"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "smallvec"
+version = "1.11.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "62bb4feee49fdd9f707ef802e22365a35de4b7b299de4763d44bfea899442ff9"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "syn"
+version = "1.0.109"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "72b64191b275b66ffe2469e8af2c1cfe3bafa67b529ead792a6d0160888b4237"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "unicode-ident",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "target-lexicon"
+version = "0.12.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9d0e916b1148c8e263850e1ebcbd046f333e0683c724876bb0da63ea4373dc8a"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unicode-ident"
+version = "1.0.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "301abaae475aa91687eb82514b328ab47a211a533026cb25fc3e519b86adfc3c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "unindent"
+version = "0.1.11"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e1766d682d402817b5ac4490b3c3002d91dfa0d22812f341609f97b08757359c"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows-targets"
+version = "0.48.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "05d4b17490f70499f20b9e791dcf6a299785ce8af4d709018206dc5b4953e95f"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "91ae572e1b79dba883e0d315474df7305d12f569b400fcf90581b06062f7e1bc"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b2ef27e0d7bdfcfc7b868b317c1d32c641a6fe4629c171b8928c7b08d98d7cf3"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_gnu"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "622a1962a7db830d6fd0a69683c80a18fda201879f0f447f065a3b7467daa241"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_i686_msvc"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4542c6e364ce21bf45d69fdd2a8e455fa38d316158cfd43b3ac1c5b1b19f8e00"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ca2b8a661f7628cbd23440e50b05d705db3686f894fc9580820623656af974b1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "7896dbc1f41e08872e9d5e8f8baa8fdd2677f29468c4e156210174edc7f7b953"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
+version = "0.48.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1a515f5799fe4961cb532f983ce2b23082366b898e52ffbce459c86f67c8378a"
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.toml b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..10d1242f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[package]
+name = "hello-world"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2018"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+pyo3 = { version = "0.19.2", features = ["extension-module"] }
+
+[profile.release-lto]
+inherits = "release"
+lto = true
+
+[lib]
+# See https://github.com/PyO3/pyo3 for details
+name = "_lib"  # private module to be nested into Python package
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+path = "rust/lib.rs"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "print-hello"
+path = "rust/print_hello.rs"
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/MANIFEST.in b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/MANIFEST.in
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..84f0cfbb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/MANIFEST.in
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+graft python
+graft rust
+graft tests
+include Cargo.toml noxfile.py
+global-exclude */__pycache__/*
+global-exclude *.pyc
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/noxfile.py b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/noxfile.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7aa13342
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/noxfile.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from os.path import dirname
+
+import nox
+
+SETUPTOOLS_RUST = dirname(dirname(dirname(__file__)))
+
+
+@nox.session()
+def test(session: nox.Session):
+    session.install(SETUPTOOLS_RUST, "wheel", "build", "pytest")
+    # Ensure build works as intended
+    session.install("--no-build-isolation", ".")
+    # Test Rust binary
+    session.run("print-hello")
+    # Test script wrapper for Python entry-point
+    session.run("sum-cli", "5", "7")
+    session.run("rust-demo", "5", "7")
+    # Test library
+    session.run("pytest", "tests", *session.posargs)
+    session.run("python", "-c", "from hello_world import _lib; print(_lib)")
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/pyproject.toml b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..84163491
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools", "setuptools-rust"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "hello-world"
+version = "1.0"
+
+[project.scripts]
+# Python entry-point wrapper to be installed in `$venv/bin`
+sum-cli = "hello_world.sum_cli:main"  # Python function that uses Rust
+rust-demo = "hello_world._lib:demo"   # Rust function that uses Python
+
+[tool.setuptools.packages]
+# Pure Python packages/modules
+find = { where = ["python"] }
+
+[[tool.setuptools-rust.ext-modules]]
+# Private Rust extension module to be nested into Python package
+target = "hello_world._lib"  # The last part of the name (e.g. "_lib") has to match lib.name in Cargo.toml,
+                             # but you can add a prefix to nest it inside of a Python package.
+py-limited-api = "auto"  # Default value, can be omitted
+binding = "PyO3"  # Default value, can be omitted
+# See reference for RustExtension in https://setuptools-rust.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html
+
+[[tool.setuptools-rust.bins]]
+# Rust executable to be installed in `$venv/bin`
+target = "print-hello"  # Needs to match bin.name in Cargo.toml
+args = ["--profile", "release-lto"]  # Extra args for Cargo
+# See reference for RustBin in https://setuptools-rust.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference.html
+# Note that you can also use Python entry-points as alternative to Rust binaries
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/__init__.py b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..30f12921
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+from ._lib import sum_as_string  # export public parts of the binary extension
+
+__all__ = ["sum_as_string"]
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/sum_cli.py b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/sum_cli.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..feaf7eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/python/hello_world/sum_cli.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import argparse
+import sys
+
+from ._lib import sum_as_string
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser("sum 2 integers")
+    parser.add_argument("x", type=int)
+    parser.add_argument("y", type=int)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    print(f"{args.x} + {args.y} = {sum_as_string(args.x, args.y)}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/lib.rs b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..071c67bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+use pyo3::prelude::*;
+use std::env;
+
+/// Formats the sum of two numbers as string.
+#[pyfunction]
+fn sum_as_string(a: usize, b: usize) -> PyResult<String> {
+    Ok((a + b).to_string())
+}
+
+/// Calls Python (see https://pyo3.rs for details)
+#[pyfunction]
+fn demo(py: Python) -> PyResult<()> {
+    let argv = env::args().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    println!("argv = {:?}", argv);
+    // argv[0]: Python path, argv[1]: program name, argv[2..]: given args
+
+    let numbers: Vec<i32> = argv[2..].iter().map(|s| s.parse().unwrap()).collect();
+
+    let python_sum = PyModule::import(py, "builtins")?.getattr("sum")?;
+    let total: i32 = python_sum.call1((numbers,))?.extract()?;
+    println!("sum({}) = {:?}", argv[2..].join(", "), total);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// A Python module implemented in Rust. The name of this function must match
+/// the `lib.name` setting in the `Cargo.toml`, else Python will not be able to
+/// import the module.
+#[pymodule]
+fn _lib(_py: Python<'_>, m: &PyModule) -> PyResult<()> {
+    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(sum_as_string, m)?)?;
+    m.add_function(wrap_pyfunction!(demo, m)?)?;
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/print_hello.rs b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/print_hello.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e7a11a96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/rust/print_hello.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+fn main() {
+    println!("Hello, world!");
+}
diff --git a/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/tests/test_hello_world.py b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/tests/test_hello_world.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9b7fe402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/hello-world-pyprojecttoml/tests/test_hello_world.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import hello_world
+
+
+def test_sum_as_string():
+    assert hello_world.sum_as_string(5, 20) == "25"
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 2c428874..8a903610 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ dependencies = [
     "setuptools>=62.4",
     "semantic_version>=2.8.2,<3",
     "typing_extensions>=3.7.4.3",
+    'tomli>=1.2.1; python_version<"3.11"'
 ]
 
 [project.entry-points."distutils.commands"]
@@ -37,6 +38,9 @@ build_rust = "setuptools_rust:build_rust"
 [project.entry-points."distutils.setup_keywords"]
 rust_extensions = "setuptools_rust.setuptools_ext:rust_extensions"
 
+[project.entry-points."setuptools.finalize_distribution_options"]
+setuptools_rust = "setuptools_rust.setuptools_ext:pyprojecttoml_config"
+
 [project.urls]
 repository = "https://github.com/PyO3/setuptools-rust"
 documentation = "https://setuptools-rust.readthedocs.io"
diff --git a/setuptools_rust/setuptools_ext.py b/setuptools_rust/setuptools_ext.py
index a024ba6c..0a5d16f8 100644
--- a/setuptools_rust/setuptools_ext.py
+++ b/setuptools_rust/setuptools_ext.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 import os
 import subprocess
+import sys
 import sysconfig
 import logging
 
-from typing import List, Set, Tuple, Type, cast
+from typing import List, Set, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, cast
+from functools import partial
 
 from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext
 
@@ -14,15 +16,23 @@
 from setuptools.dist import Distribution
 from typing_extensions import Literal
 
-from .extension import RustBin, RustExtension
+from .extension import Binding, RustBin, RustExtension, Strip
 
 try:
     from wheel.bdist_wheel import bdist_wheel
 except ImportError:
     bdist_wheel = None
 
+if sys.version_info[:2] >= (3, 11):
+    from tomllib import load as toml_load
+else:
+    from tomli import load as toml_load
+
+
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
+T = TypeVar("T", bound=RustExtension)
+
 
 def add_rust_extension(dist: Distribution) -> None:
     sdist_base_class = cast(Type[sdist], dist.cmdclass.get("sdist", sdist))
@@ -287,6 +297,33 @@ def rust_extensions(
         add_rust_extension(dist)
 
 
+def pyprojecttoml_config(dist: Distribution) -> None:
+    try:
+        with open("pyproject.toml", "rb") as f:
+            cfg = toml_load(f).get("tool", {}).get("setuptools-rust")
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return None
+
+    if cfg:
+        modules = map(partial(_create, RustExtension), cfg.get("ext-modules", []))
+        binaries = map(partial(_create, RustBin), cfg.get("bins", []))
+        dist.rust_extensions = [*modules, *binaries]  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+        rust_extensions(dist, "rust_extensions", dist.rust_extensions)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
+
+
+def _create(constructor: Type[T], config: dict) -> T:
+    kwargs = {
+        # PEP 517/621 convention: pyproject.toml uses dashes
+        k.replace("-", "_"): v
+        for k, v in config.items()
+    }
+    if "binding" in config:
+        kwargs["binding"] = Binding[config["binding"]]
+    if "strip" in config:
+        kwargs["strip"] = Strip[config["strip"]]
+    return constructor(**kwargs)
+
+
 _CARGO_VENDOR_CONFIG = b"""
 [source.crates-io]
 replace-with = "vendored-sources"