diff --git a/Snakefile b/Snakefile index 649c528..32f878b 100644 --- a/Snakefile +++ b/Snakefile @@ -13,7 +13,8 @@ rule compile_cost_assumptions: dea_storage = "inputs/technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx", dea_generation = "inputs/technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx", dea_heating = "inputs/technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx", - dea_industrial = "inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx", + dea_industrial = "inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx", + dea_ccts = "inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx", manual_input = "inputs/manual_input.csv" output: expand("outputs/costs_{year}.csv", year = config["years"]) diff --git a/docs/release_notes.rst b/docs/release_notes.rst index de47ab6..748b1e0 100644 --- a/docs/release_notes.rst +++ b/docs/release_notes.rst @@ -2,6 +2,63 @@ Release Notes ########################################## +Upcoming Release +================ + +* **WARNING**: For some technologies the units used were changed. Check for correct usage in automatic workflows. +* **WARNING**: The technology name "Haber-Bosch synthesis" was changed to "Haber-Bosch" for consistency. + +* Updated technology data datasheets from DEA: + - Industrial Process Heat (Version 11/2021) + - Carbon Capture, Transport and Storage (Version 11/2021) + - Renewable Fuels (Version 04/2022) + +* Updated technologies (based on reviewer comments and subsequent investigation): (cf.`Pull Request #57 `_) + - Methanation: + + Less optimistic number from report comparing multiple sources (incl. the source of the original number) + - Fischer-Tropsch: + + Mature technology (Hydrogen + Syngas to FTFs) + + Account for economies of scale (previous numbers for very small installations) + + Do not take value from DEA which is more focues on integrated Power-To-Liquid plant with low integration TRL + + Use same value for Fischer-Tropsch and Methanolisation based on source report + + Remove VOM for FTF, not reported in many sources and DEA numbers not reproduceable with original source + - Methanolisation: + + Mature technology (Hydrogen + CO2 to MeOH) + + Account for economies of scale (previous numbers for very small installations) + + Do not take value from DEA which is more focues on integrated Power-To-Liquid plant with low integration TRL + + Use same value for Fischer-Tropsch and Methanolisation based on source report + - Ammonia cracker: + + Mixed existing/new technology with existing large plants (for different purpose) + + Consider plant size: Higher scale up based on previously considered reference with expected economies of scale + - H2 liquefaction: + + Consider larger plant sizes based on recent IRENA report leading to economies of scale + + added: lower 2050 value + + Match plant size to other similar facility sizes (LOHC hydrogenation) in repository + - H2 evaporation: + + Previous value for very small-scale dispensing station + + Consider larger plant sizes based on recent IRENA report leading to economies of scale + + added: lower 2050 value + + Match plant size to other similar facility sizes (LOHC dehydrogenation) in repository + - LOHC hydrogenation: + + Small change in investment value due to change in caluclation method + - LOHC dehydrogenation: + + Same calulcation method as LOHC hydrogenation applied + + Larger facility considered with resulting economies of scale + + Distinguishing between "LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale)" e.g. a hydrogen refueling station, + and "LOHC dehydrogenation" for large scale applications like large scale hydrogen imports + - Haber-Bosch: + + Use numbers based on DEA + - air separation unit: + + Use numbers based on DEA from Haber-Bosch ammonia plant for consistency + - CH4 liquefaction: + + Fix cost, similar to issue already reported in issue #54 and PR #55 + - HVAC overhead + + Add correct source attribution + - HVDC overhead: + + Add correct source attribution + - HVDC inverter pair: + + Add correct source attribution + Technology-Data 0.3.0 (1 October 2021) =========================================== diff --git a/inputs/costs_PyPSA.csv b/inputs/costs_PyPSA.csv index d0d8784..6ac2a7e 100644 --- a/inputs/costs_PyPSA.csv +++ b/inputs/costs_PyPSA.csv @@ -204,18 +204,6 @@ decentral solar thermal,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP central solar thermal,2030,FOM,1.4,%/year,HP central solar thermal,2030,investment,140000,EUR/1000m2,HP central solar thermal,2030,lifetime,20,years,HP -HVAC overhead,2030,investment,400,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel -HVAC overhead,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel -HVAC overhead,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel -HVDC overhead,2030,investment,400,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel -HVDC overhead,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel -HVDC overhead,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel -HVDC submarine,2030,investment,2000,EUR/MW/km,Own analysis of European submarine HVDC projects since 2000 -HVDC submarine,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel -HVDC submarine,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel -HVDC inverter pair,2030,investment,150000,EUR/MW,Hagspiel -HVDC inverter pair,2030,lifetime,40,years,Hagspiel -HVDC inverter pair,2030,FOM,2,%/year,Hagspiel electricity distribution grid,2030,investment,500,EUR/kW,TODO electricity distribution grid,2030,lifetime,40,years,TODO electricity distribution grid,2030,FOM,2,%/year,TODO diff --git a/inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx b/inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx index e80c47e..e407563 100644 Binary files a/inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx and b/inputs/data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx differ diff --git a/inputs/manual_input.csv b/inputs/manual_input.csv index a7329c5..31ac4fa 100644 --- a/inputs/manual_input.csv +++ b/inputs/manual_input.csv @@ -1,10 +1,14 @@ technology,parameter,year,value,unit,currency_year,source,further_description -methanation,investment,2030,278,EUR/kW_CH4,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,2030,30,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,FOM,2030,4,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,investment,2040,226,EUR/kW_CH4,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,2040,30,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,FOM,2040,4,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,investment,2020,748,EUR/MW_CH4,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,2020,20,years,2017,Guesstimate.,"Based on lifetime for methanolisation, Fischer-Tropsch plants." +methanation,FOM,2020,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,2020,0.8,per unit,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1","Hydrogen to methane efficiency based on LHV of either gases." +methanation,investment,2030,654,EUR/kW_CH4,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,2030,20,years,2017,Guesstimate.,"Based on lifetime for methanolisation, Fischer-Tropsch plants." +methanation,FOM,2030,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,2050,500,EUR/MW_CH4,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,2050,20,years,2017,Guesstimate.,"Based on lifetime for methanolisation, Fischer-Tropsch plants." +methanation,FOM,2050,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", H2 (g) pipeline,investment,2020,250.04,EUR/MW/km,2020,"European Hydrogen Backbone Report (June 2021): https://gasforclimate2050.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/EHB_Analysing-the-future-demand-supply-and-transport-of-hydrogen_June-2021.pdf.","Assumption for-48 inch single line pipeline, incl. compressor investments, 16.9 GW peak capacity, 2750 EUR/m, 434 MWe/1000 km for compressor, 3.4 MEUR/MWe for compressor, from European Hydrogen Backbone Report, Table 35." H2 (g) pipeline,lifetime,2020,50,years,2015,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), Excel datasheet: H2 140.","Assumption for a 140 bar, > 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline, incl. booster station investments. Considering LHV by scaling with LHV/HHV=0.8462623413." H2 (g) pipeline,FOM,2020,4,%/year,2015,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Energy Transport (2021), Excel datasheet: H2 140.","Assumption for a 140 bar, > 6000 MW_HHV single line pipeline, incl. booster station investments. Considering LHV by scaling with LHV/HHV=0.8462623413." @@ -27,9 +31,18 @@ CH4 (g) pipeline,FOM,2050,1.5,%/year,2020,Assume same as for H2 (g) pipeline in CH4 (g) fill compressor station,investment,2040,1654.96,EUR/MW_CH4,2020,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station cost.","Assume same ratio as between H2 (g) pipeline and fill compressor station, i.e. 1:19 , due to a lack of reliable numbers." CH4 (g) fill compressor station,lifetime,2040,20,years,2020,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- CH4 (g) fill compressor station,FOM,2040,1.7,%/year,2020,Assume same as for H2 (g) fill compressor station.,- +HVAC overhead,investment,2030,400,EUR/MW/km,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,2030,40,years,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,FOM,2030,2,%/year,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,2030,400,EUR/MW/km,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,2030,40,years,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2030,2,%/year,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,investment,2030,500,EUR/MW/km,2018,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,FOM,2030,0.35,%/year,2018,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." HVDC submarine,lifetime,2030,40,years,2018,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 .,"Based on estimated costs for a NA-EU connector (bidirectional,4 GW, 3000km length and ca. 3000m depth). Costs in return based on existing/currently under construction undersea cables." +HVDC inverter pair,investment,2030,150000,EUR/MW,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,2030,40,years,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2030,2,%/year,2011,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", CH4 (g) submarine pipeline,investment,2002,112.64,EUR/MW/km,2014,Kaiser (2017): 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.05.003 .,"Based on Gulfstream pipeline costs (430 mi long pipeline for natural gas in deep/shallow waters) of 2.72e6 USD/mi and 1.31 bn ft^3/d capacity (36 in diameter), LHV of methane 13.8888 MWh/t and density of 0.657 kg/m^3 and 1.17 USD:1EUR conversion rate = 102.4 EUR/MW/km. Number is without booster station cost. Estimation of additional cost for booster stations based on H2 (g) pipeline numbers from Guidehouse (2020): European Hydrogen Backbone report and Danish Energy Agency (2021): Technology Data for Energy Transport, were booster stations make ca. 6% of pipeline cost; here add additional 10% for booster stations as they need to be constructed submerged or on plattforms. (102.4*1.1)." CH4 (g) submarine pipeline,FOM,2015,3,%/year,2015,"d’Amore-Domenech et al (2021): 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116625 , supplementary material.",- CH4 (g) submarine pipeline,lifetime,2015,30,years,2015,"d’Amore-Domenech et al (2021): 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116625 , supplementary material.",- @@ -39,12 +52,18 @@ H2 (g) submarine pipeline,lifetime,2015,30,years,2015,Assume same as for CH4 (g) H2 (l) storage tank,investment,2015,750.07500750075,EUR/MWh_H2,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 6.","Assuming currency year and technology year here (25 EUR/kg). Future target cost. Today’s cost potentially higher according to d’Amore-Domenech et al (2021): 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116625 , supplementary material pg. 16." H2 (l) storage tank,lifetime,2015,20,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 6.",Assuming currency year and technology year here (25 EUR/kg). H2 (l) storage tank,FOM,2015,2,%/year,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 6.",Assuming currency year and technology year here (25 EUR/kg). -H2 liquefaction,investment,2015,1497967.31715747,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 0.6, so size becomes relevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,2015,20,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 0.6, so size becomes relevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." -H2 liquefaction,FOM,2015,8,%/year,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 0.6, so size becomes relevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." -H2 evaporation,investment,2015,4320.43204320432,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 1, so size is irrelevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." -H2 evaporation,lifetime,2015,10,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 1, so size is irrelevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." -H2 evaporation,FOM,2015,3,%/year,2015,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.","Assuming a 2kt / day H2 (l) plant; scale factor in source is 1, so size is irrelevant. Assuming currency year and technology year here." +H2 liquefaction,investment,2030,1000,EUR/kW_H2,2022,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.",Assumption for a 200t/d facility (Pessimistic long-term or optimistic short-term value). +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,2030,20,years,2022,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2030,2.5,%/year,2020,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,2050,600,EUR/kW_H2,2022,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Assumption for a large >300t/d, e.g. 2500 t/d facility (Optimistic long-term value without change in base technology mentioned in report)." +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,2050,20,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2050,2.5,%/year,2020,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,2030,165,EUR/kW_H2,2022,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Pessimistic assumption for large scale facility / near-term estimate for medium sized facility, in between low / mid estimate with e.g. DNV numbers (Fig. 3.15)." +H2 evaporation,lifetime,2030,20,years,2015,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant. +H2 evaporation,FOM,2030,2.5,%/year,2020,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,2050,65,EUR/kW_H2,2022,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.","Optimistic assumption for large scale facility 2500 t/d, cf Fig. 3.15 ." +H2 evaporation,lifetime,2050,20,years,2015,Guesstimate.,Based on lifetime of liquefaction plant. +H2 evaporation,FOM,2050,2.5,%/year,2020,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,2030,391000000,EUR,2019,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,2030,4,%/year,2019,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,2030,20,years,2019,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", @@ -53,9 +72,9 @@ CH4 (l) transport ship,investment,2030,151000000,EUR,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, ta CH4 (l) transport ship,FOM,2030,3.5,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 (l) transport ship,lifetime,2030,25,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 (l) transport ship,capacity,2030,58300,t_CH4,2015,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306",based on 138 000 m^3 capacity and LNG density of 0.4226 t/m^3 . -CH4 liquefaction,investment,2030,0.735338316618,EUR/kW_CH4,2015,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 196 kEUR/mcm / a SNG, a LNG density of 0.4226 t/m^3 and LHV of 13.8888 Mwh/t_CH4 and 8760 h/a" -CH4 liquefaction,FOM,2030,3.5,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,2030,25,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,2030,190.43,EUR/kW_CH4,2005,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 265 MUSD-2005/(1 bcm/a), 1 bcm = 10.6 TWh, currency exchange rate: 1.15 USD=1 EUR." +CH4 liquefaction,FOM,2030,3.5,%/year,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,2030,25,years,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,investment,2030,71.86,EUR/kW_CH4,2005,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 100 MUSD-2005/(1 bcm/a), 1 bcm = 10.6 TWh, currency exchange rate: 1.15 USD=1 EUR." CH4 evaporation,FOM,2030,3.5,%/year,2005,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,2030,30,years,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", @@ -63,9 +82,9 @@ CH4 (l) transport ship,investment,2040,151000000,EUR,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, ta CH4 (l) transport ship,FOM,2040,3.5,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 (l) transport ship,lifetime,2040,25,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 (l) transport ship,capacity,2040,58300,t_CH4,2015,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306",based on 138 000 m^3 capacity and LNG density of 0.4226 t/m^3 . -CH4 liquefaction,investment,2040,0.735338316618,EUR/kW_CH4,2015,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 196 kEUR/mcm / a SNG, a LNG density of 0.4226 t/m^3 and LHV of 13.8888 Mwh/t_CH4 and 8760 h/a" -CH4 liquefaction,FOM,2040,3.5,%/year,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,2040,25,years,2015,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,2040,190.43,EUR/kW_CH4,2005,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 265 MUSD-2005/(1 bcm/a), 1 bcm = 10.6 TWh, currency exchange rate: 1.15 USD=1 EUR." +CH4 liquefaction,FOM,2040,3.5,%/year,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,2040,25,years,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,investment,2040,71.86,EUR/kW_CH4,2005,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306","based on 100 MUSD-2005/(1 bcm/a), 1 bcm = 10.6 TWh, currency exchange rate: 1.15 USD=1 EUR." CH4 evaporation,FOM,2040,3.5,%/year,2005,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,2040,30,years,2005,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", @@ -84,20 +103,17 @@ LOHC transport ship,capacity,2035,75000,t_LOHC,2020,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, LOHC transport ship,investment,2035,35000000,EUR,2020,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC transport ship,FOM,2035,5,%/year,2020,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC transport ship,lifetime,2035,15,years,2020,"Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,2020,4809527.97638821,EUR/MW,2010,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.","Estimated for an ammonia plant (synthesis loop only) with 1.2 Mt_NH3 / y (ca. 3.3 kt/d , corresponding to largest fossil driven ammonia plants in operation). According to source, the synthesis loop makes 14% of capital cost. Assuming an exchange rate of 1.17$ to 1 €. Reference capital cost are 400 M$ for a 300t/d plant and a scaling factor of 0.91 . (*(/)^**).The reference synthesis loop (for 300 t/d ammonia plant) consumes 8.02 MW yielding 300 t_NH3/d. Scale accordingly here by a factor of 11 for a 3300 t_NH3/d plant. The investment value is given per electricity input. 1 MW input corresponds to ca. 37.406 t_NH3/d output." -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,2020,4,%/year,2010,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,2020,20,years,2010,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", -air separation unit,investment,2020,9910692.28433542,EUR/MW,2010,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.","Estimated for an ammonia plant (cryogenic air separation unit) with 1.2 Mt_NH3 / y (ca. 3.3 kt/d , corresponding to largest fossil driven ammonia plants in operation). According to source, the ASU makes 4% of capital cost. Assuming an exchange rate of 1.17$ to 1 €. Reference capital cost are 400 M$ for a 300t/d plant and a scaling factor of 0.91 . (*(/)^**). The reference ASU (for 300 t/d ammonia plant) consumes 1.112 MW yielding 247 t_N2/d. Scale accordingly here by a factor of 11 for a 3300 t_NH3/d plant. The investment value is given per electricity input. 1 MW input correspondes to ca. 222.122 t_N2/d output." -air separation unit,FOM,2020,4,%/year,2010,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,lifetime,2020,20,years,2010,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", LOHC chemical,investment,2035,2500,EUR/t,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,2035,20,years,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,2035,51308,EUR/MW_H2,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514",per MW H2 (LHV) in. -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,2035,3,%/year,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,2035,20,years,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,2035,839000,EUR/MW_H2,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514",MW of H2 LHV. -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,2035,3,%/year,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,2035,20,years,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,2015,51259.5439606197,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",per MW H2 (LHV). For a large plant of 2000 MW capacity. Calculated based on base CAPEX of 40 MEUR for 300 t/day capacity and a scale factor of 0.6. +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,2015,3,%/year,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,2015,20,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,2015,50728.0303189864,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.",per MW H2 (LHV). For a large plant of 1000 MW capacity. Calculated based on base CAPEX of 30 MEUR for 300 t/day capacity and a scale factor of 0.6. +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,2015,3,%/year,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,2015,20,years,2015,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,2035,839000,EUR/MW_H2,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514",MW of H2 LHV. For a small plant of 0.9 MW capacity. +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,2035,3,%/year,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,2035,20,years,2020,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", NH3 (l) storage tank incl. liquefaction,investment,2020,146.66681333348,EUR/MWh_NH3,2010,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 55, Fig 58.","Based on estimated for a double-wall liquid ammonia tank (~ambient pressure, -33°C), inner tank from stainless steel, outer tank from concrete including installations for liquefaction/condensation, boil-off gas recovery and safety installations; the necessary installations make only a small fraction of the total cost. The total cost are driven by material and working time on the tanks. While the costs do not scale strictly linearly, we here assume they do (good approximation c.f. ref. Fig 55.) and take the costs for a 9 kt NH3 (l) tank = 8 M$2010, which is smaller 4-5x smaller than the largest deployed tanks today. We assume an exchange rate of 1.17$ to 1 €. @@ -129,12 +145,34 @@ FT fuel transport ship,investment,2035,35000000,EUR,2020,"Assume comparable tank FT fuel transport ship,capacity,2035,75000,t_FTfuel,2020,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,2035,15,years,2020,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,FOM,2035,5,%/year,2020,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Ammonia cracker,investment,2035,1545805.54580555,EUR/MW_H2,2020,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf).,"Assuming 1 pound = 1.17 EUR exchange rate, LHV of H2 = 33.3333 MWh/t. Relatively small plant size designed (low TRL) of 200t/d output including purification process. Consistent with Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 ." -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,2035,30,years,2020,-,Assuming comparable values as for steam methane reforming. -Ammonia cracker,FOM,2035,3,%/year,2020,-,Assuming comparable values as for steam methane reforming. +Ammonia cracker,investment,2030,1062107.74,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a small (200 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3. +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,2030,25,years,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,FOM,2030,4.3,%/year,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate." +Ammonia cracker,investment,2050,527592.22,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.",Calculated. For a large (2500 t_NH3/d input) facility. Base cost for facility: 51 MEUR at capacity 20 000m^3_NH3/h = 339 t_NH3/d input. Cost scaling exponent 0.67. Ammonia density 0.7069 kg/m^3. Conversion efficiency of cracker: 0.685. Ammonia LHV: 5.167 MWh/t_NH3. +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,2050,25,years,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,FOM,2050,4.3,%/year,2015,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.","Estimated based on Labour cost rate, Maintenance cost rate, Insurance rate, Admin. cost rate and Chemical & other consumables cost rate." Steam methane reforming,investment,2015,470085.47008547,EUR/MW_H2,2015,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Currency conversion 1.17 USD = 1 EUR. Steam methane reforming,lifetime,2015,30,years,2015,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Steam methane reforming,FOM,2015,3,%/year,2015,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.",Large scale SMR facility (150-300 MW). Methanol steam reforming,investment,2020,18016.8665097215,EUR/MW_H2,2020,"Niermann et al (2021): 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110171 , table 4.","For high temperature steam reforming plant with a capacity of 200 MW_H2 output (6t/h). Reference plant of 1 MW (30kg_H2/h) costs 150kEUR, scale factor of 0.6 assumed." Methanol steam reforming,lifetime,2020,20,years,2020,"Niermann et al (2021): 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110171 , table 4.", Methanol steam reforming,FOM,2020,4,%/year,2020,"Niermann et al (2021): 10.1016/j.rser.2020.110171 , table 4.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,2020,0.799,per unit,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,2020,788000,EUR/MW_FT,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,2020,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,2020,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,2030,677000,EUR/MW_FT,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,2030,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,2030,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,2050,500000,EUR/MW_FT,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,2050,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,2050,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,2020,788000,EUR/MW_MeOH,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +methanolisation,lifetime,2020,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +methanolisation,FOM,2020,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,2030,677000,EUR/MW_MeOH,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +methanolisation,lifetime,2030,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +methanolisation,FOM,2030,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,2050,500000,EUR/MW_MeOH,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.","Well developed technology, no significant learning expected." +methanolisation,lifetime,2050,20,years,2017,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", +methanolisation,FOM,2050,3,%/year,2017,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", diff --git a/inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx b/inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9e69cd Binary files /dev/null and b/inputs/technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx differ diff --git a/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx b/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2566c97 Binary files /dev/null and b/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx differ diff --git a/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx b/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx deleted file mode 100644 index c5360f9..0000000 Binary files a/inputs/technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx and /dev/null differ diff --git a/outputs/costs_2020.csv b/outputs/costs_2020.csv index e2ddc20..bb4c978 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2020.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2020.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,1062107.74,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.33,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.4,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,1.8,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,5.3,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,2100.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,757401.0,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,143.64,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,870.56,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,1586.29,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,891679.11,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.2,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,270.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,3381.27,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,3300000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,3300000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.61,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.11,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.45,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,2.11,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,875.42,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.21,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.4,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.35,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,2.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.35,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,2.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,3.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.55,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,871.2,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.26,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.55,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,871.2,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,278.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,718.95,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,1.17,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,4513.43,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,757401.0,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.67,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2025.csv b/outputs/costs_2025.csv index 05c7e3e..81ae694 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2025.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2025.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,1062107.74,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.34,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.3,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,1.9,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,4.75,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.68,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,1850.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,704056.13,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,143.64,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,870.56,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,1441.86,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,810492.64,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,215.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,3295.78,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.03,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,3000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.6,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,2.45,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,854.02,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.1,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.16,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.83,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.65,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.21,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.5,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.35,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,2.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.35,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,2.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,1.25,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,7000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.62,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,825.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.23,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.62,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,825.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,278.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,673.78,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,1.4,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,3761.19,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,704056.13,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.43,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2030.csv b/outputs/costs_2030.csv index 2ed979b..d655f70 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2030.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2030.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,1062107.74,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.35,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,2.0,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,4.2,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,1600.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,650711.26,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,143.64,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,870.56,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,1297.43,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,729306.18,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.34,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,160.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,3210.28,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2700000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2700000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.58,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,2.78,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,1.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,832.63,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.54,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.9,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.72,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.54,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2600000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.23,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.51,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.6,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.32,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,2.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,1.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,6000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.32,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,2.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,1.0,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,6000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,2.0,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,778.8,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,778.8,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,278.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,628.6,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,1.75,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,3008.96,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,650711.26,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2035.csv b/outputs/costs_2035.csv index 76e5930..857b2d3 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2035.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2035.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,928478.86,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.33,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.15,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,2.05,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.7,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.72,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,1350.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,608179.55,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,121.88,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,783.5,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,1179.3,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,662903.6,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.42,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,130.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,3135.77,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2550000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2550000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.57,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,2.87,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,0.78,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,812.77,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.51,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.92,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.14,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.69,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.51,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.23,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.35,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.62,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.31,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,1.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,0.88,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,5500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.31,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,1.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,0.88,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,5500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.75,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,754.4,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.21,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,754.4,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,252.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,591.6,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,2632.84,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,608179.55,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.18,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2040.csv b/outputs/costs_2040.csv index 88322f7..54bdbd6 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2040.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2040.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,794849.98,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.3,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.1,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,2.1,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,3.2,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.73,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,1100.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,565647.83,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,100.11,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,696.45,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,1061.17,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,596501.02,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,100.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,3061.26,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2400000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.56,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,2.95,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,0.53,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,792.91,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.23,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.19,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.65,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.3,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,5000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.3,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,5000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.5,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,730.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.22,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.8,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,730.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,226.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,554.59,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,2.33,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,2256.72,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,565647.83,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2045.csv b/outputs/costs_2045.csv index 03b4443..43f2135 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2045.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2045.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,661221.1,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.28,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.05,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,2.15,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.65,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.74,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,1000.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,523116.11,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,78.35,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,609.39,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,937.36,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,526904.4,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.68,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,80.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,2986.75,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2200000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.55,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,3.04,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,0.28,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,773.06,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.23,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.43,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.68,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.29,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,4500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.29,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,4500000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.35,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.82,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,715.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.11,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.17,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.82,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,715.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,226.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,517.59,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,2.8,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,1880.6,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,523116.11,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.33,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/outputs/costs_2050.csv b/outputs/costs_2050.csv index 2bb81e3..ca38dbd 100644 --- a/outputs/costs_2050.csv +++ b/outputs/costs_2050.csv @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ technology,parameter,value,unit,source,further description -Ammonia cracker,FOM,3.0,%/year,-, -Ammonia cracker,investment,1400083.71,EUR/MW_H2,ENGIE et al (2020): Ammonia to Green Hydrogen Feasibility Study (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/880826/HS420_-_Ecuity_-_Ammonia_to_Green_Hydrogen.pdf)., -Ammonia cracker,lifetime,30.0,years,-, +Ammonia cracker,FOM,4.3,%/year,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", +Ammonia cracker,investment,527592.22,EUR/MW_H2,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 6.", +Ammonia cracker,lifetime,25.0,years,"Ishimoto et al. (2020): 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.09.017 , table 7.", CCGT,FOM,3.25,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Fixed O&M" CCGT,VOM,4.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Variable O&M" CCGT,c_b,2.2,50oC/100oC,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","05 Gas turb. CC, steam extract.: Cb coefficient" @@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ CH4 evaporation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.101 CH4 evaporation,investment,87.6,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 evaporation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -CH4 liquefaction,investment,0.74,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +CH4 liquefaction,investment,232.13,EUR/kW_CH4,"Calculated, based on Lochner and Bothe (2009): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.012 and Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CH4 liquefaction,lifetime,25.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", CO2 liquefaction,FOM,5.0,%/year,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., CO2 liquefaction,investment,16.03,EUR/t_CO2/h,Mitsubish Heavy Industries Ltd. and IEA (2004): https://ieaghg.org/docs/General_Docs/Reports/PH4-30%20Ship%20Transport.pdf ., @@ -43,11 +43,10 @@ FT fuel transport ship,FOM,5.0,%/year,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC tran FT fuel transport ship,capacity,75000.0,t_FTfuel,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,investment,31700578.34,EUR,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", FT fuel transport ship,lifetime,15.0,years,"Assume comparable tanker as for LOHC transport above, c.f. Runge et al 2020, Table 10, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514 .", -Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,doi:10.3390/su9020306, from old pypsa cost assumptions -Fischer-Tropsch,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_FT,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Variable O&M -Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.75,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx","102 Hydrogen to Jet: FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input" -Fischer-Tropsch,investment,900.0,EUR/kW_FT/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Specific investment -Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",102 Hydrogen to Jet: Technical lifetime +Fischer-Tropsch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +Fischer-Tropsch,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.2.", +Fischer-Tropsch,investment,480584.39,EUR/MW_FT,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +Fischer-Tropsch,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", Gasnetz,FOM,2.5,%,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,investment,28.0,EUR/kWGas,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz Gasnetz,lifetime,30.0,years,"WEGE ZU EINEM KLIMANEUTRALEN ENERGIESYSEM, Anhang zur Studie, Fraunhofer-Institut für Solare Energiesysteme ISE, Freiburg",Gasnetz @@ -76,41 +75,45 @@ H2 (l) transport ship,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/ H2 (l) transport ship,capacity,11000.0,t_H2,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,investment,361223561.58,EUR,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", H2 (l) transport ship,lifetime,20.0,years,"Cihlar et al 2020: http://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/7e4afa7d-d077-11ea-adf7-01aa75ed71a1/language-en , Table 3-B, based on IEA 2019.", -H2 evaporation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,investment,4320.43,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 evaporation,lifetime,10.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,FOM,8.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,investment,1497967.32,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", -H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9 and equation in sec 3.0.", +H2 evaporation,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 evaporation,investment,56.59,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 evaporation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., +H2 liquefaction,FOM,2.5,%/year,"DNV GL (2020): Study on the Import of Liquid Renewable Energy: Technology Cost Assessment, https://www.gie.eu/wp-content/uploads/filr/2598/DNV-GL_Study-GLE-Technologies-and-costs-analysis-on-imports-of-liquid-renewable-energy.pdf .", +H2 liquefaction,investment,522.34,EUR/kW_H2,"IRENA (2022): Global Hydrogen Trade to Meet the 1.5° Climate Goal: Technology Review of Hydrogen Carriers, https://www.irena.org/publications/2022/Apr/Global-hydrogen-trade-Part-II , pg. 62f.", +H2 liquefaction,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", H2 pipeline,FOM,3.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,investment,267.0,EUR/MW/km,Welder et al https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.059, from old pypsa cost assumptions H2 pipeline,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,investment,150000.0,EUR/MW,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,investment,400.0,EUR/MW/km,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions -HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,Hagspiel, from old pypsa cost assumptions +HVAC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVAC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,investment,162364.82,EUR/MW,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC inverter pair,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,investment,432.97,EUR/MW/km,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", +HVDC overhead,lifetime,40.0,years,"Hagspiel et al. (2014): doi:10.1016/j.energy.2014.01.025 , table A.2 .", HVDC submarine,FOM,0.35,%/year,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,investment,471.16,EUR/MW/km,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., HVDC submarine,lifetime,40.0,years,Purvins et al. (2018): https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.095 ., -Haber-Bosch synthesis,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,investment,5310107.51,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -Haber-Bosch synthesis,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +Haber-Bosch,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +Haber-Bosch,VOM,0.02,EUR/MWh_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +Haber-Bosch,investment,813.55,EUR/kW_NH3,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +Haber-Bosch,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime LNG storage tank,FOM,2.0,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LNG storage tank,investment,611.59,EUR/m^3,"Hurskainen 2019, https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/liquid-organic-hydrogen-carriers-lohc-concept-evaluation-and-tech pg. 46 (59).", LNG storage tank,lifetime,20.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on H2 (l) storage tank with comparable requirements.", LOHC chemical,investment,2264.33,EUR/t,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", LOHC chemical,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.7, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,investment,46471.24,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", -LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,investment,50728.03,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),FOM,3.0,%/year,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),investment,759908.15,EUR/MW_H2,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC dehydrogenation (small scale),lifetime,20.0,years,"Runge et al 2020, pg.8, https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3623514", +LOHC hydrogenation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,investment,51259.54,EUR/MW_H2,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", +LOHC hydrogenation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Reuß et al 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.050 , Table 9.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,FOM,6.25,%/year,, LOHC loaded DBT storage,investment,149.27,EUR/t,"Density via Wissenschaftliche Dienste des Deutschen Bundestages 2020, https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/816048/454e182d5956d45a664da9eb85486f76/WD-8-058-20-pdf-data.pdf , pg. 11.", LOHC loaded DBT storage,lifetime,30.0,years,, @@ -156,9 +159,10 @@ SMR CC,lifetime,30.0,years,"IEA Global average levelised cost of hydrogen produc Steam methane reforming,FOM,3.0,%/year,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,investment,470085.47,EUR/MW_H2,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", Steam methane reforming,lifetime,30.0,years,"International Energy Agency (2015): Technology Roadmap Hydrogen and Fuel Cells , table 15.", -air separation unit,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Estimate, based on methanation plant.", -air separation unit,investment,10942205.1,EUR/MW,"Calculated based on Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , Fig. 56, Fig. 58, pg. 207, pg. 210.", -air separation unit,lifetime,20.0,years,"Morgan E. 2013: doi:10.7275/11KT-3F59 , pg. 290", +air separation unit,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Fixed O&M +air separation unit,VOM,0.01,EUR/t_N2,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Variable O&M +air separation unit,investment,457307.78,EUR/t_N2/h,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Specific investment +air separation unit,lifetime,30.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",103 Hydrogen to Ammonia: Technical lifetime battery inverter,FOM,0.9,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Fixed O&M battery inverter,efficiency,0.96,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Round trip efficiency DC battery inverter,investment,60.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",: Output capacity expansion cost investment @@ -183,15 +187,15 @@ biomass CHP,efficiency,0.3,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_e biomass CHP,efficiency-heat,0.71,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Heat efficiency, net, annual average" biomass CHP,investment,2912.24,EUR/kW_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Nominal investment " biomass CHP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Technical lifetime" -biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP -biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,heat-output,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,investment,2000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP +biomass CHP capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.a Post comb - small CHP biomass EOP,FOM,3.54,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Fixed O&M" biomass EOP,VOM,2.1,EUR/MWh_e,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Variable O&M " biomass EOP,c_b,0.46,40°C/80°C,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw, Large, 40 degree: Cb coefficient" @@ -205,15 +209,15 @@ biomass HOP,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_d biomass HOP,efficiency,0.03,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","09c Straw HOP: Total efficiency , net, annual average" biomass HOP,investment,753.2,EUR/kW_th - heat output,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Nominal investment biomass HOP,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx",09c Straw HOP: Technical lifetime -cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,investment,1800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln -cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,capture_rate,0.95,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-electricity-input,0.08,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,compression-heat-output,0.13,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,electricity-input,0.02,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-input,0.66,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,heat-output,1.48,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,investment,1800000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln +cement capture,lifetime,25.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",401.c Post comb - Cement kiln central air-sourced heat pump,FOM,0.23,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Fixed O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,VOM,2.67,EUR/MWh_th,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Variable O&M" central air-sourced heat pump,efficiency,3.7,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_el_and_dh.xlsx","40 Comp. hp, airsource 3 MW: Total efficiency , net, annual average" @@ -312,14 +316,14 @@ decentral water tank storage,FOM,1.0,%/year,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,discount rate,0.04,per unit,Palzer thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,investment,18.38,EUR/kWh,IWES Interaktion, from old pypsa cost assumptions decentral water tank storage,lifetime,20.0,years,HP, from old pypsa cost assumptions -direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,electricity-input,0.28,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,investment,4000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture -direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,FOM,4.95,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-electricity-input,0.15,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,compression-heat-output,0.2,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,electricity-input,0.28,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-input,1.5,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,heat-output,0.75,MWh/tCO2,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,investment,4000000.0,EUR/(tCO2/h),"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture +direct air capture,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_carbon_capture_transport_storage.xlsx",403.a Direct air capture electricity distribution grid,FOM,2.0,%/year,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,investment,500.0,EUR/kW,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions electricity distribution grid,lifetime,40.0,years,TODO, from old pypsa cost assumptions @@ -370,11 +374,11 @@ hydrogen storage underground,FOM,0.0,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_da hydrogen storage underground,VOM,0.0,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Variable O&M hydrogen storage underground,investment,1.2,EUR/kWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Specific investment hydrogen storage underground,lifetime,100.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_catalogue_for_energy_storage.xlsx",151c Hydrogen Storage - Caverns: Technical lifetime -industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M -industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" -industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,700.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment -industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat_0002.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime +industrial heat pump medium temperature,FOM,0.1,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Fixed O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,VOM,3.12,EUR/MWh,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Variable O&M +industrial heat pump medium temperature,efficiency,2.85,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx","302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Total efficiency, net, annual average" +industrial heat pump medium temperature,investment,700.0,EUR/kW,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Nominal investment +industrial heat pump medium temperature,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, technology_data_for_industrial_process_heat.xlsx",302.a High temp. hp Up to 125 C: Technical lifetime lignite,CO2 intensity,0.41,tCO2/MWh_th,Entwicklung der spezifischen Kohlendioxid-Emissionen des deutschen Strommix in den Jahren 1990 - 2018, lignite,FOM,1.6,%/year,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,VOM,3.5,EUR/MWh_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, @@ -382,17 +386,17 @@ lignite,efficiency,0.33,per unit,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Ve lignite,fuel,2.9,EUR/MWh_th,DIW, lignite,investment,3845.51,EUR/kW_e,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, lignite,lifetime,40.0,years,Lazard s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0, -methanation,FOM,4.0,%/year,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,Palzer and Schaber thesis, from old pypsa cost assumptions -methanation,investment,226.0,EUR/kW_CH4,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", -methanation,lifetime,30.0,years,"Fasihi et al 2017, table 1, https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/2/306", +methanation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,efficiency,0.8,per unit,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.2.3.1", +methanation,investment,480.58,"EUR/MW_CH4; and +EUR/kW_CH4","Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 6: “Reference scenario”.", +methanation,lifetime,20.0,years,Guesstimate., methane storage tank incl. compressor,FOM,1.9,%/year,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", methane storage tank incl. compressor,investment,8629.2,EUR/m^3,Storage costs per l: https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/pressure-vessels-for-alternative-fuels-2014-2023 (2021-02-10)., methane storage tank incl. compressor,lifetime,30.0,years,"Guesstimate, based on hydrogen storage tank by DEA.", -methanolisation,FOM,3.5,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Fixed O&M -methanolisation,VOM,6.27,EUR/MWh_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Variable O&M -methanolisation,investment,1504.48,EUR/kW_MeOH,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Specific investment -methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, data_sheets_for_renewable_fuels.xlsx",98 Methanol from power: Technical lifetime +methanolisation,FOM,3.0,%/year,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), section 6.3.2.1.", +methanolisation,investment,480584.39,EUR/MW_MeOH,"Agora Energiewende (2018): The Future Cost of Electricity-Based Synthetic Fuels (https://www.agora-energiewende.de/en/publications/the-future-cost-of-electricity-based-synthetic-fuels-1/), table 8: “Reference scenario”.", +methanolisation,lifetime,20.0,years,"Danish Energy Agency, Technology Data for Renewable Fuels (04/2022), Data sheet “Methanol to Power”.", micro CHP,FOM,6.43,%/year,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx",219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Fixed O&M micro CHP,efficiency,0.35,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Electric efficiency, annual average, net" micro CHP,efficiency-heat,0.61,per unit,"Danish Energy Agency, technologydatafor_heating_installations_marts_2018.xlsx","219 LT-PEMFC mCHP - natural gas: Heat efficiency, annual average, net" diff --git a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py index 91d0905..10fa14c 100644 --- a/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py +++ b/scripts/compile_cost_assumptions.py @@ -92,8 +92,10 @@ 'direct air capture' : '403.a Direct air capture', 'biomass CHP capture' : '401.a Post comb - small CHP', 'cement capture' : '401.c Post comb - Cement kiln', - 'methanolisation': '98 Methanol from power', - 'Fischer-Tropsch': '102 Hydrogen to Jet', + #'methanolisation': '98 Methanol from power', + #'Fischer-Tropsch': '102 Hydrogen to Jet', + 'Haber-Bosch': '103 Hydrogen to Ammonia', + 'air separation unit': '103 Hydrogen to Ammonia', # 'electricity distribution rural': '101 2 el distri Rural', # 'electricity distribution urban': '101 4 el distri city', # 'gas distribution rural': '102 7 gas Rural', @@ -141,6 +143,8 @@ 'biomass CHP capture': 'I:J', 'industrial heat pump medium temperature':'H:I', 'Fischer-Tropsch': 'I:J', + 'Haber-Bosch': 'I:J', + 'air separation unit': 'I:J', 'methanolisation': 'J:K', } @@ -197,7 +201,7 @@ def get_data_DEA(tech, data_in, expectation=None): usecols = "A:F" elif tech in ['industrial heat pump medium temperature']: usecols = "A:E" - elif tech in ['Fischer-Tropsch']: + elif tech in ['Fischer-Tropsch', 'Haber-Bosch', 'air separation unit']: usecols = "B:F" else: usecols = "B:G" @@ -270,7 +274,8 @@ def get_data_DEA(tech, data_in, expectation=None): 'Output capacity expansion cost (M€2015/MW)', 'Heat input', 'Heat input', 'Electricity input', 'Eletricity input', 'Heat out', 'capture rate', - "FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input"] + "FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Input", + ] df = pd.DataFrame() @@ -295,6 +300,7 @@ def get_data_DEA(tech, data_in, expectation=None): df = df.astype(float) + ## Modify data loaded from DEA on a per-technology case if (tech == "offwind") and snakemake.config['offwind_no_gridcosts']: df.loc['Nominal investment (*total) [MEUR/MW_e, 2020]'] -= excel.loc['Nominal investment (installation: grid connection) [M€/MW_e, 2020]'] @@ -308,6 +314,38 @@ def get_data_DEA(tech, data_in, expectation=None): if tech == 'Fischer-Tropsch': df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("l FT Liquids")].index, inplace=True) + if tech == "Haber-Bosch": + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Specific investment mark-up factor optional ASU")].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Specific investment (MEUR /TPD Ammonia output", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Fixed O&M (MEUR /TPD Ammonia", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Variable O&M (EUR /t Ammonia)", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + + if tech == "air separation unit": + # Bugfix: DEA renewable fuels 04/2022 has wrong unit (MEUR instead of kEUR) + df.index = df.index.str.replace("Fixed O&M (MEUR /TPD Ammonia)", "Fixed O&M (kEUR /TPD Ammonia)", regex=False) + + # Calculate ASU cost separate to HB facility in terms of t N2 output + df.loc[[ + "Specific investment (MEUR /TPD Ammonia output)", + "Fixed O&M (kEUR /TPD Ammonia)", + "Variable O&M (EUR /t Ammonia)" + ]] *= (df.loc["Specific investment mark-up factor optional ASU"] - 1.) / excel.loc["N2 Consumption, t/t Ammonia"] + # Convert output to hourly generation + df.loc[[ + "Specific investment (MEUR /TPD Ammonia output)", + "Fixed O&M (kEUR /TPD Ammonia)", + ]] *= 24 + + # Rename costs for correct units + df.index = df.index.str.replace("MEUR /TPD Ammonia output", "MEUR/t_N2/h") + df.index = df.index.str.replace("kEUR /TPD Ammonia", "kEUR/t_N2/h/year") + df.index = df.index.str.replace("EUR /t Ammonia", "EUR/t_N2") + + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Specific investment mark-up factor optional ASU")].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Specific investment (MEUR /MW Ammonia output)", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Fixed O&M (kEUR/MW Ammonia/year)", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + df.drop(df.loc[df.index.str.contains("Variable O&M (EUR/MWh Ammonia)", regex=False)].index, inplace=True) + df_final = pd.DataFrame(index=df.index, columns=years) # [RTD-interpolation-example] @@ -317,7 +355,7 @@ def get_data_DEA(tech, data_in, expectation=None): # if year-specific data is missing and not fixed by interpolation fill forward with same values df_final = df_final.fillna(method='ffill', axis=1) - + df_final["source"] = source_dict["DEA"] + ", " + excel_file.replace("inputs/","") if tech in new_format: for attr in ["investment", "Fixed O&M"]: @@ -635,6 +673,7 @@ def clean_up_units(tech_data): tech_data.loc[tech_data.unit.str.contains("/GJ"), years] *= 3.6 tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("/GJ", "/MWh") + # Harmonise individual units so that they can be handled later tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace(" a year", "/year") tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("2015EUR", "EUR") tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("2015-EUR", "EUR") @@ -652,6 +691,10 @@ def clean_up_units(tech_data): tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("MW Methanol", "MW_MeOH") tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("EUR/MWh of total input", "EUR/MWh_e") tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("FT Liquids Output, MWh/MWh Total Inpu", "MWh_FT/MWh_H2") + # Ammonia-specific + tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("MW Ammonia output", "MW_NH3") #specific investment + tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("MW Ammonia", "MW_NH3") #fom + tech_data.unit = tech_data.unit.str.replace("MWh Ammonia", "MWh_NH3") #vom tech_data.loc[tech_data.unit=='EUR/MW/y', "unit"] = 'EUR/MW/year' # convert per unit costs to MW @@ -684,7 +727,8 @@ def clean_up_units(tech_data): 'EUR/MWh':'EUR/MWh_e', "MW": "MW_e"})) - tech_data.loc[('methanolisation', 'Variable O&M'), "unit"] = "EUR/MWh_MeOH" + if "methanolisation" in tech_data.index: + tech_data.loc[('methanolisation', 'Variable O&M'), "unit"] = "EUR/MWh_MeOH" return tech_data @@ -835,11 +879,14 @@ def order_data(tech_data): (df.unit=="EUR/MW_th") | (df.unit=="EUR/MW_MeOH") | (df.unit=="EUR/MW_FT/year") | + (df.unit=="EUR/MW_NH3") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWhCapacity") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh/year") | (df.unit=="EUR/MW_e, 2020") | - (df.unit=="EUR/MW input"))].copy() + (df.unit=="EUR/MW input") | + (df.unit=="EUR/t_N2/h")) # air separation unit + ].copy() if len(investment)!=1: switch = True print("check investment: ", tech, " ", @@ -880,13 +927,16 @@ def order_data(tech_data): (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_e") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_th") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_FT") | + (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_NH3") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_MeOH") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh/year") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh/km") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWhoutput") | (df.unit=="EUR/MWh_e, 2020") | - (tech == "biogas upgrading"))].copy() + (df.unit=="EUR/t_N2") | + (tech == "biogas upgrading") + )].copy() if len(vom)==1: vom.loc[:,"parameter"] = "VOM" clean_df[tech] = pd.concat([clean_df[tech], vom])