diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/BUILD.bazel
index 27b34f123f956..cdb054b8d2795 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chrome/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export", "artifact")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/manager",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/concurrent/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/concurrent/BUILD.bazel
index 9ff6fa7716c25..46a7a9e178c7b 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/concurrent/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/concurrent/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_library")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact", "java_library")
 
 java_library(
     name = "concurrent",
@@ -13,6 +13,6 @@ java_library(
     ],
     deps = [
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/devtools/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/devtools/BUILD.bazel
index 965175059e13c..5bf3fca256488 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/devtools/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/devtools/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-load("@rules_jvm_external//:defs.bzl", "artifact")
 load("//common:defs.bzl", "copy_file")
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_binary", "java_library")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_binary", "java_library", "artifact")
 
 GENERATOR_SOURCES = [
     "CdpClientGenerator.java",
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ java_library(
     deps = [
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
 
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@ java_library(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
 
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/edge/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/edge/BUILD.bazel
index b8e8addb9c0cd..0f09518603b1b 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/edge/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/edge/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl",  "artifact","java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/chromium",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/manager",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/BUILD.bazel
index 24106ab3859d9..71fcbefb60ac0 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/firefox/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl","artifact", "java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -16,6 +16,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/manager",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/sessionmap/jdbc/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/sessionmap/jdbc/BUILD.bazel
index 821a4e5d9b64e..32b0382b58b4f 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/sessionmap/jdbc/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid/sessionmap/jdbc/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-load("@rules_jvm_external//:defs.bzl", "artifact")
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact","java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ java_export(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/grid",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
         artifact("com.beust:jcommander"),
         artifact("com.google.guava:guava"),
     ],
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/ie/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/ie/BUILD.bazel
index 6fcef4dea869a..57998c0aacd44 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/ie/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/ie/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact", "java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/manager",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json/BUILD.bazel
index eff66b1b9aa0f..d50892bbee983 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact", "java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -14,5 +14,6 @@ java_export(
     ],
     deps = [
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/BUILD.bazel
index 0da07320601c2..0c9dfad36e01a 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-load("@rules_jvm_external//:defs.bzl", "artifact")
 load("//common:defs.bzl", "copy_file")
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export", "java_library")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact","java_export", "java_library")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/BUILD.bazel
index 128a2e2262988..dff128ef6bffa 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote/http/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact", "java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java:auto-service",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/json",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/safari/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/safari/BUILD.bazel
index cc1d258de355b..64c9ed5374741 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/safari/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/safari/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_export")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "artifact", "java_export")
 load("//java:version.bzl", "SE_VERSION")
 
 java_export(
@@ -14,6 +14,6 @@ java_export(
         "//java:auto-service",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium:core",
         "//java/src/org/openqa/selenium/remote",
-        "@maven//:org_jspecify_jspecify",
+        artifact("org.jspecify:jspecify"),
     ],
 )
diff --git a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/BUILD.bazel b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/BUILD.bazel
index 83dec8728a0fc..23a231d3a7739 100644
--- a/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/java/src/org/openqa/selenium/support/ui/BUILD.bazel
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-load("@rules_jvm_external//:defs.bzl", "artifact")
-load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_library")
+load("//java:defs.bzl", "java_library", "artifact")
 
 java_library(
     name = "clock",