From 20e6e011905cc27f08d43b7943c8e888bb629539 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: AC_Oier Date: Sun, 14 Nov 2021 07:47:19 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?=E2=9C=A8feat:=20Add=20677?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- Index/DFS.md | 1 + .../\345\223\210\345\270\214\350\241\250.md" | 1 + .../\345\255\227\345\205\270\346\240\221.md" | 1 + ...10\344\270\255\347\255\211\357\274\211.md" | 97 +++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 100 insertions(+) create mode 100644 "LeetCode/671-680/677. \351\224\256\345\200\274\346\230\240\345\260\204\357\274\210\344\270\255\347\255\211\357\274\211.md" diff --git a/Index/DFS.md b/Index/DFS.md index c2e2b276..0b9d9313 100644 --- a/Index/DFS.md +++ b/Index/DFS.md @@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ | [488. 祖玛游戏](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/zuma-game/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/zuma-game/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-sou-s-3ftb/) | 困难 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [494. 目标和](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/target-sum/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/target-sum/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-si-jie-dfs-ji-yi-et5b/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [638. 大礼包](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/shopping-offers/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/shopping-offers/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-zhuan-qgk1/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | +| [677. 键值映射](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jie-he-dfs-de-trie-yun-i4xa/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [690. 员工的重要性](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/employee-importance/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/employee-importance/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-di-gu-s79x/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩 | | [778. 水位上升的泳池中游泳](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/swim-in-rising-water/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/swim-in-rising-water/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-krusk-7c6o/) | 困难 | 🤩🤩🤩 | | [783. 二叉搜索树节点最小距离](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/minimum-distance-between-bst-nodes/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/minimum-distance-between-bst-nodes/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-san-jie-shu-de-s-7r17/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩 | diff --git "a/Index/\345\223\210\345\270\214\350\241\250.md" "b/Index/\345\223\210\345\270\214\350\241\250.md" index 6d39dbc5..580bd277 100644 --- "a/Index/\345\223\210\345\270\214\350\241\250.md" +++ "b/Index/\345\223\210\345\270\214\350\241\250.md" @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ | [500. 键盘行](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/keyboard-row/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/keyboard-row/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jian-dan-zi-fu-chuan-m-zx6b/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [554. 砖墙](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/brick-wall/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/brick-wall/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-zheng-nan-ze-fan-shi-y-gsri/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩 | | [645. 错误的集合](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/set-mismatch/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/set-mismatch/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-san-jie-ji-shu-s-vnr9/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩 | +| [677. 键值映射](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jie-he-dfs-de-trie-yun-i4xa/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [692. 前K个高频单词](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/top-k-frequent-words/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/top-k-frequent-words/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-xiang-jie-shi-yong-ha-8dxt2/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩 | | [697. 数组的度](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/degree-of-an-array/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/degree-of-an-array/solution/shu-zu-ji-shu-ha-xi-biao-ji-shu-jie-fa-y-a0mg/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩 | | [705. 设计哈希集合](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-hashset/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-hashset/solution/yi-ti-san-jie-jian-dan-shu-zu-lian-biao-nj3dg/) | 简单 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | diff --git "a/Index/\345\255\227\345\205\270\346\240\221.md" "b/Index/\345\255\227\345\205\270\346\240\221.md" index 30b96991..601ef065 100644 --- "a/Index/\345\255\227\345\205\270\346\240\221.md" +++ "b/Index/\345\255\227\345\205\270\346\240\221.md" @@ -3,5 +3,6 @@ | [208. 实现 Trie (前缀树)](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-trie-prefix-tree/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-trie-prefix-tree/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-er-we-esm9/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [211. 添加与搜索单词 - 数据结构设计](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-add-and-search-words-data-structure/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/design-add-and-search-words-data-structure/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-er-we-un94/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [212. 单词搜索 II](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/word-search-ii/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/word-search-ii/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-yi-ti-shuang-jie-hui-s-am8f/) | 困难 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | +| [677. 键值映射](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jie-he-dfs-de-trie-yun-i4xa/) | 中等 | 🤩🤩🤩🤩 | | [1707. 与数组中元素的最大异或值](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/maximum-xor-with-an-element-from-array/) | [LeetCode 题解链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/maximum-xor-with-an-element-from-array/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jie-zhe-ge-wen-ti-lai-lypqr/) | 困难 | 🤩🤩🤩 | diff --git "a/LeetCode/671-680/677. \351\224\256\345\200\274\346\230\240\345\260\204\357\274\210\344\270\255\347\255\211\357\274\211.md" "b/LeetCode/671-680/677. \351\224\256\345\200\274\346\230\240\345\260\204\357\274\210\344\270\255\347\255\211\357\274\211.md" new file mode 100644 index 00000000..37ac509f --- /dev/null +++ "b/LeetCode/671-680/677. \351\224\256\345\200\274\346\230\240\345\260\204\357\274\210\344\270\255\347\255\211\357\274\211.md" @@ -0,0 +1,97 @@ +### 题目描述 + +这是 LeetCode 上的 **[677. 键值映射](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/map-sum-pairs/solution/gong-shui-san-xie-jie-he-dfs-de-trie-yun-i4xa/)** ,难度为 **中等**。 + +Tag : 「字典树」、「DFS」、「哈希表」 + + + +实现一个 MapSum 类,支持两个方法,insert 和 sum: + +* `MapSum()` 初始化 `MapSum` 对象 +* `void insert(String key, int val)` 插入 `key-val` 键值对,字符串表示键 `key` ,整数表示值 `val` 。如果键 `key` 已经存在,那么原来的键值对将被替代成新的键值对。 +* `int sum(string prefix)` 返回所有以该前缀 `prefix` 开头的键 `key` 的值的总和。 + +示例: +``` +输入: +["MapSum", "insert", "sum", "insert", "sum"] +[[], ["apple", 3], ["ap"], ["app", 2], ["ap"]] + +输出: +[null, null, 3, null, 5] + +解释: +MapSum mapSum = new MapSum(); +mapSum.insert("apple", 3); +mapSum.sum("ap"); // return 3 (apple = 3) +mapSum.insert("app", 2); +mapSum.sum("ap"); // return 5 (apple + app = 3 + 2 = 5) +``` + +提示: +* `1 <= key.length, prefix.length <= 50` +* `key` 和 `prefix` 仅由小写英文字母组成 +* `1 <= val <= 1000` +* 最多调用 `50` 次 `insert` 和 `sum` + +--- + +### Trie + DFS + +从需要实现「存储字符串(映射关系)」并「检索某个字符串前缀的总和」来看,可以知道这是与 $Trie$ 相关的题目,还不了解 $Trie$ 的同学可以先看前置 🧀:[实现 Trie (前缀树)](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU4NDE3MTEyMA==&mid=2247488490&idx=1&sn=db2998cb0e5f08684ee1b6009b974089&chksm=fd9cb8f5caeb31e3f7f67dba981d8d01a24e26c93ead5491edb521c988adc0798d8acb6f9e9d&token=59039721&lang=zh_CN#rd) 。 + +考虑如何实现两个操作: + +* `insert` :在基本的 $Trie$ 插入操作的基础上进行拓展即可。与常规的插入操作的唯一区别为,不能简单记录单词的结束位置,还要存储 $key$ 对应的 $val$ 是多少。具体的我们可以使用 `int` 类型的数组 $hash$ 来代替原有的 `boolean` 类型的数组 $isWord$; + +* `sum` : 先对入参 $prefix$ 进行字典树搜索,到达尾部后再使用 `DFS` 搜索后面的所有方案,并累加结果。 + +代码: +```Java +class MapSum { + int[][] tr = new int[2510][26]; + int[] hash = new int[2510]; + int idx; + public void insert(String key, int val) { + int p = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < key.length(); i++) { + int u = key.charAt(i) - 'a'; + if (tr[p][u] == 0) tr[p][u] = ++idx; + p = tr[p][u]; + } + hash[p] = val; + } + public int sum(String prefix) { + int p = 0; + for (int i = 0; i < prefix.length(); i++) { + int u = prefix.charAt(i) - 'a'; + if (tr[p][u] == 0) return 0; + p = tr[p][u]; + } + return dfs(p); + } + int dfs(int p) { + int ans = hash[p]; + for (int u = 0; u < 26; u++) { + if (tr[p][u] != 0) ans += dfs(tr[p][u]); + } + return ans; + } +} +``` +* 时间复杂度:令 $key$ 的最大长度为 $n$,最大调用次数为 $m$,字符集大小为 $C$( 本题 $C$ 固定为 $26$ ),`insert` 操作的复杂度为 $O(n)$;从 `DFS` 的角度分析,`sum` 操作的复杂度为 $O(C^n)$,但事实上,对于本题具有明确的计算量上界,搜索所有的格子的复杂度为 $O(n * m * C)$ +* 空间复杂度:$O(n * m * C)$ + +--- + +### 最后 + +这是我们「刷穿 LeetCode」系列文章的第 `No.677` 篇,系列开始于 2021/01/01,截止于起始日 LeetCode 上共有 1916 道题目,部分是有锁题,我们将先把所有不带锁的题目刷完。 + +在这个系列文章里面,除了讲解解题思路以外,还会尽可能给出最为简洁的代码。如果涉及通解还会相应的代码模板。 + +为了方便各位同学能够电脑上进行调试和提交代码,我建立了相关的仓库:https://github.com/SharingSource/LogicStack-LeetCode 。 + +在仓库地址里,你可以看到系列文章的题解链接、系列文章的相应代码、LeetCode 原题链接和其他优选题解。 +