diff --git a/UNRELEASED.md b/UNRELEASED.md
index 8d14e8526f7..7168ac76d21 100644
--- a/UNRELEASED.md
+++ b/UNRELEASED.md
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ Use [the changelog guidelines](https://git.io/polaris-changelog-guidelines) to f
 
 ### Bug fixes
 
+- Moved rendering of the portal component’s node within the node created by the theme provider component to enable theming through CSS Custom Properties ([#2224](https://github.com/Shopify/polaris-react/pull/2224))
+
 ### Documentation
 
 ### Development workflow
diff --git a/src/components/Portal/Portal.tsx b/src/components/Portal/Portal.tsx
index 9ec79f9948c..b072d2d89c3 100644
--- a/src/components/Portal/Portal.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Portal/Portal.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import React from 'react';
 import {createPortal} from 'react-dom';
 import {createUniqueIDFactory} from '@shopify/javascript-utilities/other';
+import {themeProvider} from '../shared';
 
 export interface PortalProps {
   children?: React.ReactNode;
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ export class Portal extends React.PureComponent<PortalProps, State> {
   state: State = {isMounted: false};
 
   private portalNode: HTMLElement;
+  private portalContainerNode: HTMLElement | null;
 
   private portalId =
     this.props.idPrefix !== ''
@@ -29,7 +31,13 @@ export class Portal extends React.PureComponent<PortalProps, State> {
   componentDidMount() {
     this.portalNode = document.createElement('div');
     this.portalNode.setAttribute('data-portal-id', this.portalId);
-    document.body.appendChild(this.portalNode);
+    this.portalContainerNode = document.querySelector(
+      `${themeProvider.selector}`,
+    );
+    if (this.portalContainerNode != null) {
+      this.portalContainerNode.appendChild(this.portalNode);
+    }
+
     this.setState({isMounted: true});
   }
 
@@ -41,7 +49,9 @@ export class Portal extends React.PureComponent<PortalProps, State> {
   }
 
   componentWillUnmount() {
-    document.body.removeChild(this.portalNode);
+    if (this.portalContainerNode != null) {
+      this.portalContainerNode.removeChild(this.portalNode);
+    }
   }
 
   render() {
diff --git a/src/components/Portal/tests/Portal.test.tsx b/src/components/Portal/tests/Portal.test.tsx
index 5ae84800401..d303789e0d7 100644
--- a/src/components/Portal/tests/Portal.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/Portal/tests/Portal.test.tsx
@@ -46,15 +46,20 @@ describe('<Portal />', () => {
   });
 
   describe('DOM node', () => {
+    const appendChildSpy = jest.fn();
+    const removeChildSpy = jest.fn();
+    Object.defineProperty(document, 'querySelector', {
+      value: () => {
+        return {appendChild: appendChildSpy, removeChild: removeChildSpy};
+      },
+    });
     it('gets added to the DOM on mount', () => {
-      const appendChildSpy = jest.spyOn(document.body, 'appendChild');
       mountWithAppProvider(<Portal />);
       expect(appendChildSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.any(HTMLDivElement));
       appendChildSpy.mockRestore();
     });
 
     it('gets removed from the DOM when the component unmounts', () => {
-      const removeChildSpy = jest.spyOn(document.body, 'removeChild');
       const portal = mountWithAppProvider(<Portal />);
       portal.unmount();
       expect(removeChildSpy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.any(HTMLDivElement));
diff --git a/src/components/ThemeProvider/ThemeProvider.tsx b/src/components/ThemeProvider/ThemeProvider.tsx
index 7bf607f1bdc..b8edc5c8a4d 100644
--- a/src/components/ThemeProvider/ThemeProvider.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ThemeProvider/ThemeProvider.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import isEqual from 'lodash/isEqual';
 import {ThemeContext} from '../../utilities/theme';
 import {Theme} from '../../utilities/theme/types';
 import {setColors} from '../../utilities/theme/utils';
+import {themeProvider} from '../shared';
 
 interface State {
   theme: Theme;
@@ -55,7 +56,9 @@ export class ThemeProvider extends React.Component<ThemeProviderProps, State> {
 
     return (
       <ThemeContext.Provider value={theme}>
-        <div style={styles}>{children}</div>
+        <div style={styles} {...themeProvider.props}>
+          {children}
+        </div>
       </ThemeContext.Provider>
     );
   }
diff --git a/src/components/shared.ts b/src/components/shared.ts
index 5888a46b90c..b8c0ea8be67 100644
--- a/src/components/shared.ts
+++ b/src/components/shared.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,11 @@ export const headerCell = {
   selector: '[data-polaris-header-cell]',
 };
 
+export const themeProvider = {
+  props: {'data-polaris-theme-provider': true},
+  selector: '[data-polaris-theme-provider]',
+};
+
 export const DATA_ATTRIBUTE = {
   overlay,
   layer,