diff --git a/chapter06.tex b/chapter06.tex index 451a7c3..62c2489 100644 --- a/chapter06.tex +++ b/chapter06.tex @@ -303,8 +303,18 @@ \chapter{Baire定理及其应用} \end{exercise} \begin{proof} - Since $u(E)\subset v(E)$, for any $x\in E$, $u(x)\in v(E)$. Thus - there exists some $y\in E$ such that $u(x) = v(y)$. + The space + \[X=\{(y,z)\in E\times E: u(y)=v(z)\}\] + is again a Banach space as a closed (by the continuity of $u$ and $v$) + subspace of $E\times E$ endowed, e.g., with the norm $\|(y,z)\|=\max\{\|y\|,\|z\|\}$ + (in category theory, $X$ is called a \emph{pullback} of $u$ and $v$). + The assumption implies that the first projection + \[\pi:X\to E,\, (y,z)\mapsto y\] + is surjective and hence open. By the open mapping theorem, + there is a constant $k\geq 0$ such that, + for every $x\in E$, there is $(y,z)\in X$ with $\|(y,z)\|\le k\|x\|$ and $\pi(y,z)=x$. + This means $y=x$ and $z\in E$ satisfies $\|z\|\le\|(y,z)\|\le k\|x\|$ + as well as $u(x)=u(y)=v(z)$. \end{proof}