diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
index dd0e093..7637b18 100644
--- a/.editorconfig
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -90,3 +90,6 @@ dotnet_diagnostic.SA1641.severity = none
 dotnet_diagnostic.SA1642.severity = none
 dotnet_diagnostic.SA1643.severity = none
 dotnet_diagnostic.SA1649.severity = none
+
+# Workaround for https://github.com/DotNetAnalyzers/StyleCopAnalyzers/issues/3503
+dotnet_diagnostic.SA1010.severity = none
diff --git a/src/TfvcMigrator/Program.cs b/src/TfvcMigrator/Program.cs
index 849cb90..4676ddd 100644
--- a/src/TfvcMigrator/Program.cs
+++ b/src/TfvcMigrator/Program.cs
@@ -74,17 +74,12 @@ private static RootPathChange ParseRootPathChange(string token)
             new[] { outDir, PathUtils.GetLeaf(rootPath), projectCollectionUrl.Segments.LastOrDefault() }
                 .First(name => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))!);
 
-        Directory.CreateDirectory(outputDirectory);
-        if (Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(outputDirectory).Any())
-        {
-            Console.WriteLine($"Cannot create Git repository at {outputDirectory} because the directory is not empty.");
+        using var repo = InitRepository(outputDirectory);
+        if (repo is null)
             return 1;
-        }
 
         var authorsLookup = LoadAuthors(authors);
 
-        using var repo = new Repository(Repository.Init(outputDirectory));
-
         Console.WriteLine("Connecting...");
 
         using var connection = new VssConnection(
@@ -339,6 +334,32 @@ private static RootPathChange ParseRootPathChange(string token)
         return 0;
     }
 
+    private static Repository? InitRepository(string outputDirectory)
+    {
+        Directory.CreateDirectory(outputDirectory);
+
+        var existingFileSystemEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(outputDirectory);
+        if (!existingFileSystemEntries.Any())
+            return new Repository(Repository.Init(outputDirectory));
+
+        if (existingFileSystemEntries is not [var singleFileSystemEntry]
+            || !".git".Equals(Path.GetFileName(singleFileSystemEntry), StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+        {
+            Console.WriteLine($"Cannot create Git repository at {outputDirectory} because the directory is not empty.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        var repository = new Repository(singleFileSystemEntry);
+        if (repository.ObjectDatabase.Any())
+        {
+            repository.Dispose();
+            Console.WriteLine($"A Git repository at {outputDirectory} already exists and is not empty.");
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return repository;
+    }
+
     private static ImmutableDictionary<BranchIdentity, ImmutableArray<(string GitRepositoryPath, TfvcItem DownloadSource)>> MapItemsToDownloadSources(
         ImmutableArray<(BranchIdentity Branch, RepositoryBranchMapping Mapping)> branchMappingsInDependentOperationOrder,
         ImmutableArray<TfvcItem> currentItems)
diff --git a/src/TfvcMigrator/TfvcMigrator.csproj b/src/TfvcMigrator/TfvcMigrator.csproj
index be4a577..d90c439 100644
--- a/src/TfvcMigrator/TfvcMigrator.csproj
+++ b/src/TfvcMigrator/TfvcMigrator.csproj
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
   <PropertyGroup>
     <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
     <TargetFramework>net6.0</TargetFramework>
+    <LangVersion>11</LangVersion>
     <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
     <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>