diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFour.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFour.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..e5fe6255821b --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFour.java @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.maths; + +/** + * Utility class for checking if a number is a power of four. + * A power of four is a number that can be expressed as 4^n where n is a non-negative integer. + * This class provides a method to determine if a given integer is a power of four using bit manipulation. + * + * @author krishna-medapati (https://github.com/krishna-medapati) + */ +public final class PowerOfFour { + private PowerOfFour() { + } + + /** + * Checks if the given integer is a power of four. + * + * A number is considered a power of four if: + * 1. It is greater than zero + * 2. It has exactly one '1' bit in its binary representation (power of two) + * 3. The '1' bit is at an even position (0, 2, 4, 6, ...) + * + * The method uses the mask 0x55555555 (binary: 01010101010101010101010101010101) + * to check if the set bit is at an even position. + * + * @param number the integer to check + * @return true if the number is a power of four, false otherwise + */ + public static boolean isPowerOfFour(int number) { + if (number <= 0) { + return false; + } + boolean isPowerOfTwo = (number & (number - 1)) == 0; + boolean hasEvenBitPosition = (number & 0x55555555) != 0; + return isPowerOfTwo && hasEvenBitPosition; + } +} diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFourTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFourTest.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..c91f8b3cf1b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/maths/PowerOfFourTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,36 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.maths; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse; +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +class PowerOfFourTest { + + @Test + void testPowersOfFour() { + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(1)); + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(4)); + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(16)); + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(64)); + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(256)); + assertTrue(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(1024)); + } + + @Test + void testNonPowersOfFour() { + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(2)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(3)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(5)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(8)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(15)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(32)); + } + + @Test + void testEdgeCases() { + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(0)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(-1)); + assertFalse(PowerOfFour.isPowerOfFour(-4)); + } +}