diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
index 5a46212d7fb39..08dda6cf50a17 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ RUN apt-get update -y -q && \
         libssl-dev \
         libthrift-dev \
         libutf8proc-dev \
+        libxml2-dev \
         libzstd-dev \
         make \
         ninja-build \
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 # static Arrow to run Flight/Flight SQL tests
 ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_STATIC=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \
@@ -171,6 +173,7 @@ ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_WITH_ZSTD=ON \
     ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH=/usr/lib/llvm-${llvm}/bin/llvm-symbolizer \
     AWSSDK_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
+    Azure_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     google_cloud_cpp_storage_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     gRPC_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     GTest_SOURCE=BUNDLED \