diff --git a/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.16-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.16-cpp.dockerfile
index 8828e717a53a1..72489c6eae1a7 100644
--- a/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.16-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/alpine-linux-3.16-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ COPY ci/scripts/install_gcs_testbench.sh /arrow/ci/scripts/
 RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_gcs_testbench.sh default
 
 ENV ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DATASET=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \
diff --git a/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
index 46824054624ab..b050cb5470fd7 100644
--- a/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/debian-11-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 
 ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DATASET=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \
diff --git a/ci/docker/fedora-39-cpp.dockerfile b/ci/docker/fedora-39-cpp.dockerfile
index c8e98bdd00b11..59db84034bec7 100644
--- a/ci/docker/fedora-39-cpp.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/fedora-39-cpp.dockerfile
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 # Python process explicitly if we use LLVM 17 or later.
 ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \
     ARROW_DATASET=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/linux-apt-docs.dockerfile b/ci/docker/linux-apt-docs.dockerfile
index 3d102796b8c00..d19112517150b 100644
--- a/ci/docker/linux-apt-docs.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/linux-apt-docs.dockerfile
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/r_deps.sh /arrow && \
     R -e "install.packages('pkgdown')"
 
 ENV ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_STATIC=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_UTILITIES=OFF \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
index 3df895b427c9e..ae2ba9421cd55 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ COPY ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh /arrow/ci/scripts/
 RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 
 ENV ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DATASET=ON \
     ARROW_FLIGHT=ON \
diff --git a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
index 7eba541a63af2..dd887a6d00ceb 100644
--- a/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp-minimal.dockerfile
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ COPY ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh /arrow/ci/scripts/
 RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 
 ENV ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=OFF \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DATASET=ON \
     ARROW_FLIGHT=ON \