diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDL/IR/PDLOps.td b/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDL/IR/PDLOps.td
index 45279e95edbba..b0fb911143203 100644
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDL/IR/PDLOps.td
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDL/IR/PDLOps.td
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ def PDL_ApplyNativeConstraintOp
     ```
   }];
 
-  let arguments = (ins StrAttr:$name, Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$args);
+  let arguments = (ins StrAttr:$name, Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$args, DefaultValuedAttr<BoolAttr,"false">:$isNegated);
   let results = (outs Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$results);
   let assemblyFormat = "$name `(` $args `:` type($args) `)` (`:`  type($results)^ )? attr-dict";
   let hasVerifier = 1;
diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDLInterp/IR/PDLInterpOps.td b/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDLInterp/IR/PDLInterpOps.td
index 742de481c25ea..c830020eff46b 100644
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDLInterp/IR/PDLInterpOps.td
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/PDLInterp/IR/PDLInterpOps.td
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ def PDLInterp_ApplyConstraintOp : PDLInterp_PredicateOp<"apply_constraint"> {
     pdl_interp.apply_constraint "myConstraint"(%input, %attr, %op : !pdl.value, !pdl.attribute, !pdl.operation) -> ^matchDest, ^failureDest
     ```
   }];
-
-  let arguments = (ins StrAttr:$name, Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$args);
+  
+  let arguments = (ins StrAttr:$name, Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$args, DefaultValuedAttr<BoolAttr,"false">:$isNegated);
   let results = (outs Variadic<PDL_AnyType>:$results);
   let assemblyFormat = [{
     $name `(` $args `:` type($args) `)` (`:` type($results)^)? attr-dict `->` successors
diff --git a/mlir/include/mlir/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.h b/mlir/include/mlir/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.h
index 5760592cae1a2..fda83efc987a2 100644
--- a/mlir/include/mlir/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.h
+++ b/mlir/include/mlir/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.h
@@ -390,7 +390,8 @@ class CallExpr final : public Node::NodeBase<CallExpr, Expr>,
                        private llvm::TrailingObjects<CallExpr, Expr *> {
 public:
   static CallExpr *create(Context &ctx, SMRange loc, Expr *callable,
-                          ArrayRef<Expr *> arguments, Type resultType);
+                          ArrayRef<Expr *> arguments, Type resultType,
+                          bool isNegated = false);
 
   /// Return the callable of this call.
   Expr *getCallableExpr() const { return callable; }
@@ -403,9 +404,13 @@ class CallExpr final : public Node::NodeBase<CallExpr, Expr>,
     return const_cast<CallExpr *>(this)->getArguments();
   }
 
+  bool getIsNegated() const { return isNegated; }
+
 private:
-  CallExpr(SMRange loc, Type type, Expr *callable, unsigned numArgs)
-      : Base(loc, type), callable(callable), numArgs(numArgs) {}
+  CallExpr(SMRange loc, Type type, Expr *callable, unsigned numArgs,
+           bool isNegated)
+      : Base(loc, type), callable(callable), numArgs(numArgs),
+        isNegated(isNegated) {}
 
   /// The callable of this call.
   Expr *callable;
@@ -415,6 +420,8 @@ class CallExpr final : public Node::NodeBase<CallExpr, Expr>,
 
   /// TrailingObject utilities.
   friend llvm::TrailingObjects<CallExpr, Expr *>;
+
+  bool isNegated;
 };
 
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PDLToPDLInterp.cpp b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PDLToPDLInterp.cpp
index cb2e40184fc20..128b3a0ae7919 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PDLToPDLInterp.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PDLToPDLInterp.cpp
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ void PatternLowering::generate(BoolNode *boolNode, Block *&currentBlock,
     auto *cstQuestion = cast<ConstraintQuestion>(question);
     auto applyConstraintOp = builder.create<pdl_interp::ApplyConstraintOp>(
         loc, cstQuestion->getResultTypes(), cstQuestion->getName(), args,
-        success, failure);
+        cstQuestion->getIsNegated(), success, failure);
     // Replace the generated placeholders with the results of the constraint and
     // erase them
     for (auto result : llvm::enumerate(applyConstraintOp.getResults())) {
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/Predicate.h b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/Predicate.h
index 20304bd35dc28..c6ee9cd3baaea 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/Predicate.h
+++ b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/Predicate.h
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ struct AttributeQuestion
 struct ConstraintQuestion
     : public PredicateBase<
           ConstraintQuestion, Qualifier,
-          std::tuple<StringRef, ArrayRef<Position *>, ArrayRef<Type>>,
+          std::tuple<StringRef, ArrayRef<Position *>, ArrayRef<Type>, bool>,
           Predicates::ConstraintQuestion> {
   using Base::Base;
 
@@ -485,13 +485,18 @@ struct ConstraintQuestion
   /// Return the result types of the constraint.
   ArrayRef<Type> getResultTypes() const { return std::get<2>(key); }
 
+  bool getIsNegated() const { return std::get<3>(key); }
+
   /// Construct an instance with the given storage allocator.
   static ConstraintQuestion *construct(StorageUniquer::StorageAllocator &alloc,
                                        KeyTy key) {
     return Base::construct(alloc, KeyTy{alloc.copyInto(std::get<0>(key)),
                                         alloc.copyInto(std::get<1>(key)),
-                                        alloc.copyInto(std::get<2>(key))});
+                                        alloc.copyInto(std::get<2>(key)),
+                                        std::get<3>(key)});
   }
+
+  static unsigned hashKey(const KeyTy &key) { return llvm::hash_value(key); }
 };
 
 /// Compare the equality of two values.
@@ -698,9 +703,9 @@ class PredicateBuilder {
 
   /// Create a predicate that applies a generic constraint.
   Predicate getConstraint(StringRef name, ArrayRef<Position *> args,
-                          ArrayRef<Type> resultTypes) {
-    return {ConstraintQuestion::get(uniquer,
-                                    std::make_tuple(name, args, resultTypes)),
+                          ArrayRef<Type> resultTypes, bool isNegated) {
+    return {ConstraintQuestion::get(
+                uniquer, std::make_tuple(name, args, resultTypes, isNegated)),
             TrueAnswer::get(uniquer)};
   }
 
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PredicateTree.cpp b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PredicateTree.cpp
index 1d04e427c0167..424089e469b61 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PredicateTree.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/PredicateTree.cpp
@@ -274,7 +274,8 @@ static void getConstraintPredicates(pdl::ApplyNativeConstraintOp op,
                                     comparePosDepth);
   ResultRange results = op.getResults();
   PredicateBuilder::Predicate pred = builder.getConstraint(
-      op.getName(), allPositions, SmallVector<Type>(results.getTypes()));
+      op.getName(), allPositions, SmallVector<Type>(results.getTypes()),
+      op.getIsNegated());
 
   // for each result register a position so it can be used later
   for (auto result : llvm::enumerate(results)) {
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Rewrite/ByteCode.cpp b/mlir/lib/Rewrite/ByteCode.cpp
index 1e0c0f05bf19c..42fadb7c939ea 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Rewrite/ByteCode.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Rewrite/ByteCode.cpp
@@ -791,6 +791,7 @@ void Generator::generate(pdl_interp::ApplyConstraintOp op,
     // TODO: Handle result ranges
     writer.append(result);
   }
+  writer.append(ByteCodeField(op.getIsNegated()));
   writer.append(op.getSuccessors());
 }
 void Generator::generate(pdl_interp::ApplyRewriteOp op,
@@ -1447,7 +1448,8 @@ void ByteCodeExecutor::executeApplyConstraint(PatternRewriter &rewriter) {
     const PDLConstraintFunction &constraintFn = constraintFunctions[fun_idx];
     LogicalResult rewriteResult = constraintFn(rewriter, args);
     // Depending on the constraint jump to the proper destination.
-    selectJump(succeeded(rewriteResult));
+    ByteCodeField isNegated = read();
+    selectJump(isNegated != succeeded(rewriteResult));
   } else {
     const PDLRewriteFunction &constraintFn = rewriteFunctions[fun_idx];
     ByteCodeRewriteResultList results(numResults);
@@ -1474,7 +1476,8 @@ void ByteCodeExecutor::executeApplyConstraint(PatternRewriter &rewriter) {
                            : 0;
     }
     // Depending on the constraint jump to the proper destination.
-    selectJump(succeeded(rewriteResult));
+    ByteCodeField isNegated = read();
+    selectJump(isNegated != succeeded(rewriteResult));
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/NodePrinter.cpp b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/NodePrinter.cpp
index 9a6f14b0e7e5f..34082415d52b8 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/NodePrinter.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/NodePrinter.cpp
@@ -225,7 +225,10 @@ void NodePrinter::printImpl(const AttributeExpr *expr) {
 void NodePrinter::printImpl(const CallExpr *expr) {
   os << "CallExpr " << expr << " Type<";
   print(expr->getType());
-  os << ">\n";
+  os << ">";
+  if (expr->getIsNegated())
+    os << " negated";
+  os << "\n";
   printChildren(expr->getCallableExpr());
   printChildren("Arguments", expr->getArguments());
 }
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.cpp b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.cpp
index 04d978ddd043b..7c838e103ac02 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/AST/Nodes.cpp
@@ -266,12 +266,13 @@ AttributeExpr *AttributeExpr::create(Context &ctx, SMRange loc,
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 
 CallExpr *CallExpr::create(Context &ctx, SMRange loc, Expr *callable,
-                           ArrayRef<Expr *> arguments, Type resultType) {
+                           ArrayRef<Expr *> arguments, Type resultType,
+                           bool isNegated) {
   unsigned allocSize = CallExpr::totalSizeToAlloc<Expr *>(arguments.size());
   void *rawData = ctx.getAllocator().Allocate(allocSize, alignof(CallExpr));
 
-  CallExpr *expr =
-      new (rawData) CallExpr(loc, resultType, callable, arguments.size());
+  CallExpr *expr = new (rawData)
+      CallExpr(loc, resultType, callable, arguments.size(), isNegated);
   std::uninitialized_copy(arguments.begin(), arguments.end(),
                           expr->getArguments().begin());
   return expr;
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/CodeGen/MLIRGen.cpp b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/CodeGen/MLIRGen.cpp
index 3d7a9263e42be..5ade71267aed0 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/CodeGen/MLIRGen.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/CodeGen/MLIRGen.cpp
@@ -103,12 +103,14 @@ class CodeGen {
   Value genExprImpl(const ast::TypeExpr *expr);
 
   SmallVector<Value> genConstraintCall(const ast::UserConstraintDecl *decl,
-                                       Location loc, ValueRange inputs);
+                                       Location loc, ValueRange inputs,
+                                       bool isNegated = false);
   SmallVector<Value> genRewriteCall(const ast::UserRewriteDecl *decl,
                                     Location loc, ValueRange inputs);
   template <typename PDLOpT, typename T>
   SmallVector<Value> genConstraintOrRewriteCall(const T *decl, Location loc,
-                                                ValueRange inputs);
+                                                ValueRange inputs,
+                                                bool isNegated = false);
 
   //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
   // Fields
@@ -419,7 +421,7 @@ SmallVector<Value> CodeGen::genExprImpl(const ast::CallExpr *expr) {
   // Generate the PDL based on the type of callable.
   const ast::Decl *callable = callableExpr->getDecl();
   if (const auto *decl = dyn_cast<ast::UserConstraintDecl>(callable))
-    return genConstraintCall(decl, loc, arguments);
+    return genConstraintCall(decl, loc, arguments, expr->getIsNegated());
   if (const auto *decl = dyn_cast<ast::UserRewriteDecl>(callable))
     return genRewriteCall(decl, loc, arguments);
   llvm_unreachable("unhandled CallExpr callable");
@@ -553,15 +555,15 @@ Value CodeGen::genExprImpl(const ast::TypeExpr *expr) {
 
 SmallVector<Value>
 CodeGen::genConstraintCall(const ast::UserConstraintDecl *decl, Location loc,
-                           ValueRange inputs) {
+                           ValueRange inputs, bool isNegated) {
   // Apply any constraints defined on the arguments to the input values.
   for (auto it : llvm::zip(decl->getInputs(), inputs))
     applyVarConstraints(std::get<0>(it), std::get<1>(it));
 
   // Generate the constraint call.
   SmallVector<Value> results =
-      genConstraintOrRewriteCall<pdl::ApplyNativeConstraintOp>(decl, loc,
-                                                               inputs);
+      genConstraintOrRewriteCall<pdl::ApplyNativeConstraintOp>(
+          decl, loc, inputs, isNegated);
 
   // Apply any constraints defined on the results of the constraint.
   for (auto it : llvm::zip(decl->getResults(), results))
@@ -576,9 +578,9 @@ SmallVector<Value> CodeGen::genRewriteCall(const ast::UserRewriteDecl *decl,
 }
 
 template <typename PDLOpT, typename T>
-SmallVector<Value> CodeGen::genConstraintOrRewriteCall(const T *decl,
-                                                       Location loc,
-                                                       ValueRange inputs) {
+SmallVector<Value>
+CodeGen::genConstraintOrRewriteCall(const T *decl, Location loc,
+                                    ValueRange inputs, bool isNegated) {
   const ast::CompoundStmt *cstBody = decl->getBody();
 
   // If the decl doesn't have a statement body, it is a native decl.
@@ -593,6 +595,8 @@ SmallVector<Value> CodeGen::genConstraintOrRewriteCall(const T *decl,
     }
     Operation *pdlOp = builder.create<PDLOpT>(
         loc, resultTypes, decl->getName().getName(), inputs);
+    if (isNegated)
+      pdlOp->setAttr("isNegated", builder.getBoolAttr(true));
     return pdlOp->getResults();
   }
 
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.cpp b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.cpp
index 337a8c0b53e4e..388dab188bbaf 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.cpp
@@ -233,6 +233,8 @@ Token Lexer::lexToken() {
       return formToken(Token::l_paren, tokStart);
     case ')':
       return formToken(Token::r_paren, tokStart);
+    case '!':
+      return formToken(Token::exclam, tokStart);
     case '/':
       if (*curPtr == '/') {
         lexComment();
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.h b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.h
index 6a78669f854d5..b649d1af1f3fe 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.h
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Lexer.h
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@ class Token {
     equal,
     equal_arrow,
     semicolon,
+    exclam,
     /// Paired punctuation.
     less,
     greater,
diff --git a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Parser.cpp b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Parser.cpp
index 3b04a065a2b6c..bf035bb07b363 100644
--- a/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Parser.cpp
+++ b/mlir/lib/Tools/PDLL/Parser/Parser.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 #include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
 #include "llvm/TableGen/Error.h"
 #include "llvm/TableGen/Parser.h"
-#include <string>
 #include <optional>
+#include <string>
 
 using namespace mlir;
 using namespace mlir::pdll;
@@ -316,13 +316,15 @@ class Parser {
   /// Identifier expressions.
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseArrayAttrExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseAttributeExpr();
-  FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseCallExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr);
+  FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseCallExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr,
+                                       bool isNegated = false);
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseDeclRefExpr(StringRef name, SMRange loc);
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseDictAttrExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseIdentifierExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseInlineConstraintLambdaExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseInlineRewriteLambdaExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseMemberAccessExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr);
+  FailureOr<ast::Expr *> parseNegatedExpr();
   FailureOr<ast::OpNameDecl *> parseOperationName(bool allowEmptyName = false);
   FailureOr<ast::OpNameDecl *> parseWrappedOperationName(bool allowEmptyName);
   FailureOr<ast::Expr *>
@@ -406,7 +408,7 @@ class Parser {
 
   FailureOr<ast::CallExpr *>
   createCallExpr(SMRange loc, ast::Expr *parentExpr,
-                 MutableArrayRef<ast::Expr *> arguments);
+                 MutableArrayRef<ast::Expr *> arguments, bool isNegated);
   FailureOr<ast::DeclRefExpr *> createDeclRefExpr(SMRange loc, ast::Decl *decl);
   FailureOr<ast::DeclRefExpr *>
   createInlineVariableExpr(ast::Type type, StringRef name, SMRange loc,
@@ -1829,6 +1831,9 @@ FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseExpr() {
   case Token::l_square:
     lhsExpr = parseArrayAttrExpr();
     break;
+  case Token::exclam:
+    lhsExpr = parseNegatedExpr();
+    break;
   case Token::string_block:
     return emitError("expected expression. If you are trying to create an "
                      "ArrayAttr, use a space between `[` and `{`.");
@@ -1912,7 +1917,8 @@ FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseAttributeExpr() {
   return ast::AttributeExpr::create(ctx, loc, attrExpr);
 }
 
-FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseCallExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr) {
+FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseCallExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr,
+                                             bool isNegated) {
   consumeToken(Token::l_paren);
 
   // Parse the arguments of the call.
@@ -1936,7 +1942,7 @@ FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseCallExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr) {
   if (failed(parseToken(Token::r_paren, "expected `)` after argument list")))
     return failure();
 
-  return createCallExpr(loc, parentExpr, arguments);
+  return createCallExpr(loc, parentExpr, arguments, isNegated);
 }
 
 FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseDeclRefExpr(StringRef name, SMRange loc) {
@@ -2061,6 +2067,16 @@ FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseMemberAccessExpr(ast::Expr *parentExpr) {
   return createMemberAccessExpr(parentExpr, memberName, loc);
 }
 
+FailureOr<ast::Expr *> Parser::parseNegatedExpr() {
+  consumeToken(Token::exclam);
+  if (!curToken.is(Token::identifier))
+    return emitError("expected native constraint");
+  FailureOr<ast::Expr *> identifierExpr = parseIdentifierExpr();
+  if (failed(identifierExpr))
+    return failure();
+  return parseCallExpr(*identifierExpr, /*isNegated = */ true);
+}
+
 FailureOr<ast::OpNameDecl *> Parser::parseOperationName(bool allowEmptyName) {
   SMRange loc = curToken.getLoc();
 
@@ -2789,7 +2805,8 @@ Parser::validateTypeRangeConstraintExpr(const ast::Expr *typeExpr) {
 
 FailureOr<ast::CallExpr *>
 Parser::createCallExpr(SMRange loc, ast::Expr *parentExpr,
-                       MutableArrayRef<ast::Expr *> arguments) {
+                       MutableArrayRef<ast::Expr *> arguments,
+                       bool isNegated = false) {
   ast::Type parentType = parentExpr->getType();
 
   ast::CallableDecl *callableDecl = tryExtractCallableDecl(parentExpr);
@@ -2803,6 +2820,8 @@ Parser::createCallExpr(SMRange loc, ast::Expr *parentExpr,
     if (isa<ast::UserConstraintDecl>(callableDecl))
       return emitError(
           loc, "unable to invoke `Constraint` within a rewrite section");
+    if (isNegated)
+      return emitError(loc, "negation of Rewrites is not supported");
   } else if (isa<ast::UserRewriteDecl>(callableDecl)) {
     return emitError(loc, "unable to invoke `Rewrite` within a match section");
   }
@@ -2835,7 +2854,7 @@ Parser::createCallExpr(SMRange loc, ast::Expr *parentExpr,
   }
 
   return ast::CallExpr::create(ctx, loc, parentExpr, arguments,
-                               callableDecl->getResultType());
+                               callableDecl->getResultType(), isNegated);
 }
 
 FailureOr<ast::DeclRefExpr *> Parser::createDeclRefExpr(SMRange loc,
@@ -2959,8 +2978,7 @@ FailureOr<ast::OperationExpr *> Parser::createOperationExpr(
     OpResultTypeContext resultTypeContext,
     SmallVectorImpl<ast::Expr *> &operands,
     MutableArrayRef<ast::NamedAttributeDecl *> attributes,
-    SmallVectorImpl<ast::Expr *> &results,
-    unsigned numRegions) {
+    SmallVectorImpl<ast::Expr *> &results, unsigned numRegions) {
   std::optional<StringRef> opNameRef = name->getName();
   const ods::Operation *odsOp = lookupODSOperation(opNameRef);
 
diff --git a/mlir/test/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/pdl-to-pdl-interp-matcher.mlir b/mlir/test/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/pdl-to-pdl-interp-matcher.mlir
index 13578274b35db..6b194091ae8e9 100644
--- a/mlir/test/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/pdl-to-pdl-interp-matcher.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/Conversion/PDLToPDLInterp/pdl-to-pdl-interp-matcher.mlir
@@ -130,6 +130,20 @@ module @constraint_with_result_multiple {
 
 // -----
 
+// CHECK-LABEL: module @negated_constraint
+module @negated_constraint {
+  // CHECK: func @matcher(%[[ROOT:.*]]: !pdl.operation)
+  // CHECK: pdl_interp.apply_constraint "constraint"(%[[ROOT]] : !pdl.operation) {isNegated = true}
+  // CHECK: pdl_interp.record_match @rewriters::@pdl_generated_rewriter(%[[ROOT]] : !pdl.operation)
+  pdl.pattern : benefit(1) {
+    %root = operation
+    pdl.apply_native_constraint "constraint"(%root : !pdl.operation) {isNegated = true}
+    rewrite %root with "rewriter"
+  }
+}
+
+// -----
+
 // CHECK-LABEL: module @inputs
 module @inputs {
   // CHECK: func @matcher(%[[ROOT:.*]]: !pdl.operation)
diff --git a/mlir/test/Rewrite/pdl-bytecode.mlir b/mlir/test/Rewrite/pdl-bytecode.mlir
index 7976512f5e88a..26d1f6e710b66 100644
--- a/mlir/test/Rewrite/pdl-bytecode.mlir
+++ b/mlir/test/Rewrite/pdl-bytecode.mlir
@@ -103,6 +103,43 @@ module @ir attributes { test.apply_constraint_3 } {
 
 // -----
 
+// Test support for negated constraints.
+module @patterns {
+  pdl_interp.func @matcher(%root : !pdl.operation) {
+    %test_attr = pdl_interp.create_attribute unit
+    %attr = pdl_interp.get_attribute "test_attr" of %root
+    pdl_interp.are_equal %test_attr, %attr : !pdl.attribute -> ^pat, ^end
+
+  ^pat:
+    pdl_interp.apply_constraint "single_entity_constraint"(%root : !pdl.operation) {isNegated = true} -> ^pat1, ^end
+
+  ^pat1:
+    pdl_interp.record_match @rewriters::@success(%root : !pdl.operation) : benefit(1), loc([%root]) -> ^end
+
+  ^end:
+    pdl_interp.finalize
+  }
+
+  module @rewriters {
+    pdl_interp.func @success(%root : !pdl.operation) {
+      %op = pdl_interp.create_operation "test.replaced_by_pattern"
+      pdl_interp.erase %root
+      pdl_interp.finalize
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: test.apply_constraint_4
+// CHECK-NOT: "test.replaced_by_pattern"
+// CHECK: "test.replaced_by_pattern"
+
+module @ir attributes { test.apply_constraint_4 } {
+  "test.op"() { test_attr } : () -> ()
+  "test.foo"() { test_attr } : () -> ()
+}
+
+// -----
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // pdl_interp::ApplyRewriteOp
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
diff --git a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/CodeGen/MLIR/expr.pdll b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/CodeGen/MLIR/expr.pdll
index de9d467c82b8f..a3e1bb88e168a 100644
--- a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/CodeGen/MLIR/expr.pdll
+++ b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/CodeGen/MLIR/expr.pdll
@@ -36,6 +36,20 @@ Pattern TestExternalCall => replace root: Op with TestRewrite(root);
 
 // -----
 
+// CHECK: pdl.pattern @TestExternalNegatedCall
+// CHECK: %[[ROOT:.*]] = operation
+// CHECK: apply_native_constraint  "TestConstraint"(%[[ROOT]] : !pdl.operation) {isNegated = true}
+// CHECK: rewrite %[[ROOT]]
+// CHECK: erase %[[ROOT]]
+Constraint TestConstraint(op: Op);
+Pattern TestExternalNegatedCall with benefit(1) {
+    let root = op : Op;
+    !TestConstraint(root);
+    erase root;
+}
+
+// -----
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // MemberAccessExpr
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
diff --git a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr-failure.pdll b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr-failure.pdll
index c55cf78de55ca..9c299c55fc311 100644
--- a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr-failure.pdll
+++ b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr-failure.pdll
@@ -183,6 +183,18 @@ Pattern {
 
 // -----
 
+Rewrite Foo(op: Op);
+
+Pattern {
+  // CHECK: negation of Rewrites is not supported
+  let root = op<>;
+  rewrite root with {
+    !Foo(root);
+  }
+}
+
+// -----
+
 Pattern {
   // CHECK: expected expression
   let tuple = (10 = _: Value);
diff --git a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr.pdll b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr.pdll
index 6961de6c9bfb8..938e181587030 100644
--- a/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr.pdll
+++ b/mlir/test/mlir-pdll/Parser/expr.pdll
@@ -77,6 +77,22 @@ Pattern {
 
 // -----
 
+// CHECK: Module {{.*}}
+// CHECK:  -UserConstraintDecl {{.*}} Name<checkOp> ResultType<Tuple<>>
+// CHECK: `-PatternDecl {{.*}}
+// CHECK:   -CallExpr {{.*}} Type<Tuple<>> negated
+// CHECK:     `-DeclRefExpr {{.*}} Type<Constraint>
+// CHECK:       `-UserConstraintDecl {{.*}} Name<checkOp> ResultType<Tuple<>>
+Constraint checkOp(op: Op);
+
+Pattern {
+  let inputOp = op<my_dialect.bar>;
+  !checkOp(inputOp);
+  erase inputOp;
+}
+
+// -----
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // MemberAccessExpr
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//