PHP Cron Manager

A clean and easy-to-use PHP package for managing cron jobs on Unix-like systems (Linux, macOS, etc.). This package allows you to programmatically add, update, remove, and list cron jobs with support for both standard cron expressions and human-readable schedules.

Features

• ✅ List all cron jobs with standard cron times and human-readable descriptions
• ✅ Add new cron jobs using standard cron format or human-readable expressions
• ✅ Update existing cron jobs
• ✅ Remove cron jobs
• ✅ Windows detection with appropriate exception handling
• ✅ Clean, object-oriented API
• ✅ Comprehensive test coverage

Requirements

• PHP 8.0 or higher
• Unix-like operating system (Linux, macOS, etc.)
• crontab command available in PATH
• Windows is not supported (throws UnsupportedOSException)

Installation

composer require zpmlabs/php-cron-manager

Usage

Basic Example

<?php

require 'vendor/autoload.php';

use ZPMLabs\CronManager\CronManager;
use ZPMLabs\CronManager\CronJob;

// Create a new CronManager instance
$manager = new CronManager();

// List all cron jobs
$crons = $manager->listCrons();
foreach ($crons as $cron) {
    echo "Schedule: " . $cron->getSchedule() . "\n";
    echo "Command: " . $cron->getCommand() . "\n";
    echo "Comment: " . ($cron->getComment() ?? 'N/A') . "\n";
    echo "---\n";
}

List Cron Jobs with Human-Readable Schedules

$crons = $manager->listCronsWithHumanReadable();

foreach ($crons as $cron) {
    echo "Schedule: " . $cron['schedule'] . "\n";
    echo "Human-readable: " . $cron['human_readable'] . "\n";
    echo "Command: " . $cron['job']->getCommand() . "\n";
    echo "---\n";
}

Add Cron Jobs

Using Human-Readable Expressions

// Add a cron job that runs every minute
$manager->addCron('every minute', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Runs every minute');

// Add a cron job that runs every hour
$manager->addCron('every hour', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Hourly task');

// Add a cron job that runs every day at midnight
$manager->addCron('every day', '/usr/bin/backup.sh', 'Daily backup');

// Add a cron job with custom interval
$manager->addCron('every 5 minutes', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php');
$manager->addCron('every 2 hours', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php');
$manager->addCron('every 3 days', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php');

Using Standard Cron Format

// Standard cron format: minute hour day month weekday
$manager->addCron('0 0 * * *', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Daily at midnight');
$manager->addCron('*/15 * * * *', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Every 15 minutes');
$manager->addCron('0 9 * * 1', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Every Monday at 9 AM');

Using CronJob Object

$cronJob = new CronJob(
    '0 0 * * *',
    '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php',
    'Daily backup'
);

$manager->addCron($cronJob);

Update Cron Jobs

// Get all cron jobs
$crons = $manager->listCrons();

// Update the first cron job (index 0)
$manager->updateCron(0, 'every hour', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/new_script.php', 'Updated job');

// Or update using CronJob object
$updatedJob = new CronJob('0 */2 * * *', '/usr/bin/php /path/to/script.php', 'Every 2 hours');
$manager->updateCron(0, $updatedJob);

Remove Cron Jobs

// Remove a specific cron job by index
$crons = $manager->listCrons();
$manager->removeCron(0); // Remove the first cron job

// Remove all cron jobs
$manager->removeAllCrons();

Handle Windows (Unsupported OS)

try {
    $manager = new CronManager();
    // ... use the manager
} catch (\ZPMLabs\CronManager\Exception\UnsupportedOSException $e) {
    echo "Error: " . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
    // Handle Windows case - perhaps use Task Scheduler API instead
}

Supported Human-Readable Expressions

The following human-readable expressions are supported:

• every minute → * * * * *
• every hour → 0 * * * *
• every day → 0 0 * * *
• every week → 0 0 * * 0
• every month → 0 0 1 * *
• every year → 0 0 1 1 *
• every N minutes → */N * * * * (where N is 1-59)
• every N hours → 0 */N * * * (where N is 1-23)
• every N days → 0 0 */N * * (where N is 1-31)

You can also use standard cron expressions directly, which will be validated and used as-is.

API Reference

CronManager

Methods

• __construct(?string $crontabPath = null) - Create a new CronManager instance
• listCrons(bool $includeHumanReadable = false): array - List all cron jobs
• listCronsWithHumanReadable(): array - List all cron jobs with human-readable schedules
• addCron($scheduleOrJob, ?string $command = null, ?string $comment = null): bool - Add a new cron job
• updateCron(int $index, $scheduleOrJob, ?string $command = null, ?string $comment = null): bool - Update an existing cron job
• removeCron(int $index): bool - Remove a cron job by index
• removeAllCrons(): bool - Remove all cron jobs

CronJob

Methods

• __construct(string $schedule, string $command, ?string $comment = null) - Create a new CronJob
• getSchedule(): string - Get the cron schedule
• getCommand(): string - Get the command to execute
• getComment(): ?string - Get the optional comment
• setSchedule(string $schedule): void - Set the cron schedule
• setCommand(string $command): void - Set the command
• setComment(?string $comment): void - Set the comment
• toCrontabLine(): string - Convert to crontab line format
• static fromCrontabLine(string $line): self - Create from crontab line

CronExpressionParser

Static Methods

• static parse(string $expression): string - Parse human-readable expression to cron format
• static isValidCronExpression(string $expression): bool - Validate cron expression
• static toHumanReadable(string $cronExpression): string - Convert cron expression to human-readable

Testing

Run the test suite:

composer test

Or using PHPUnit directly:

vendor/bin/phpunit

Important Notes

1. Windows Support: This package does not support Windows. Windows uses Task Scheduler instead of cron. Attempting to use this package on Windows will throw an UnsupportedOSException.

2. Permissions: The script must have permission to modify the user's crontab. Typically, this means running as the user whose crontab you want to modify.

3. Backup: Always backup your crontab before making programmatic changes. You can do this manually with:

   crontab -l > crontab_backup.txt

4. Index-based Operations: When updating or removing cron jobs, use the index from listCrons(). The index is 0-based and corresponds to the order in which cron jobs appear in the crontab.

License

MIT

Author

ZPMLabs