diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 64066a61bf..2bc8af553d 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
   * `-compactor.ring.heartbeat-period`
   * `-store-gateway.sharding-ring.heartbeat-period`
 * [ENHANCEMENT] Memberlist: optimized receive path for processing ring state updates, to help reduce CPU utilization in large clusters. #4345
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Memberlist: expose configuration of memberlist packet compression via `-memberlist.compression=enabled`. #4346
 * [BUGFIX] HA Tracker: when cleaning up obsolete elected replicas from KV store, tracker didn't update number of cluster per user correctly. #4336
 * [FEATURE] Add shuffle sharding grouper and planner within compactor to allow further work towards parallelizing compaction #4318
 
diff --git a/docs/configuration/config-file-reference.md b/docs/configuration/config-file-reference.md
index 22859a244e..0f70a3f3e5 100644
--- a/docs/configuration/config-file-reference.md
+++ b/docs/configuration/config-file-reference.md
@@ -3796,6 +3796,11 @@ The `memberlist_config` configures the Gossip memberlist.
 # CLI flag: -memberlist.dead-node-reclaim-time
 [dead_node_reclaim_time: <duration> | default = 0s]
 
+# Enable message compression. This can be used to reduce bandwidth usage at the
+# cost of slightly more CPU utilization.
+# CLI flag: -memberlist.compression-enabled
+[compression_enabled: <boolean> | default = true]
+
 # Other cluster members to join. Can be specified multiple times. It can be an
 # IP, hostname or an entry specified in the DNS Service Discovery format (see
 # https://cortexmetrics.io/docs/configuration/arguments/#dns-service-discovery
diff --git a/integration/integration_memberlist_single_binary_test.go b/integration/integration_memberlist_single_binary_test.go
index 53c1a945fd..f4cd7b7914 100644
--- a/integration/integration_memberlist_single_binary_test.go
+++ b/integration/integration_memberlist_single_binary_test.go
@@ -23,15 +23,21 @@ import (
 
 func TestSingleBinaryWithMemberlist(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("default", func(t *testing.T) {
-		testSingleBinaryEnv(t, false)
+		testSingleBinaryEnv(t, false, nil)
 	})
 
 	t.Run("tls", func(t *testing.T) {
-		testSingleBinaryEnv(t, true)
+		testSingleBinaryEnv(t, true, nil)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("compression-disabled", func(t *testing.T) {
+		testSingleBinaryEnv(t, false, map[string]string{
+			"-memberlist.compression-enabled": "false",
+		})
 	})
 }
 
-func testSingleBinaryEnv(t *testing.T, tlsEnabled bool) {
+func testSingleBinaryEnv(t *testing.T, tlsEnabled bool, flags map[string]string) {
 	s, err := e2e.NewScenario(networkName)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	defer s.Close()
@@ -65,13 +71,13 @@ func testSingleBinaryEnv(t *testing.T, tlsEnabled bool) {
 			filepath.Join(s.SharedDir(), clientKeyFile),
 		))
 
-		cortex1 = newSingleBinary("cortex-1", memberlistDNS, "")
-		cortex2 = newSingleBinary("cortex-2", memberlistDNS, networkName+"-cortex-1:8000")
-		cortex3 = newSingleBinary("cortex-3", memberlistDNS, networkName+"-cortex-1:8000")
+		cortex1 = newSingleBinary("cortex-1", memberlistDNS, "", flags)
+		cortex2 = newSingleBinary("cortex-2", memberlistDNS, networkName+"-cortex-1:8000", flags)
+		cortex3 = newSingleBinary("cortex-3", memberlistDNS, networkName+"-cortex-1:8000", flags)
 	} else {
-		cortex1 = newSingleBinary("cortex-1", "", "")
-		cortex2 = newSingleBinary("cortex-2", "", networkName+"-cortex-1:8000")
-		cortex3 = newSingleBinary("cortex-3", "", networkName+"-cortex-1:8000")
+		cortex1 = newSingleBinary("cortex-1", "", "", flags)
+		cortex2 = newSingleBinary("cortex-2", "", networkName+"-cortex-1:8000", flags)
+		cortex3 = newSingleBinary("cortex-3", "", networkName+"-cortex-1:8000", flags)
 	}
 
 	// start cortex-1 first, as cortex-2 and cortex-3 both connect to cortex-1
@@ -109,7 +115,7 @@ func testSingleBinaryEnv(t *testing.T, tlsEnabled bool) {
 	require.NoError(t, s.Stop(cortex3))
 }
 
-func newSingleBinary(name string, servername string, join string) *e2ecortex.CortexService {
+func newSingleBinary(name string, servername string, join string, testFlags map[string]string) *e2ecortex.CortexService {
 	flags := map[string]string{
 		"-ingester.final-sleep":              "0s",
 		"-ingester.join-after":               "0s", // join quickly
@@ -132,6 +138,7 @@ func newSingleBinary(name string, servername string, join string) *e2ecortex.Cor
 		mergeFlags(
 			ChunksStorageFlags(),
 			flags,
+			testFlags,
 			getTLSFlagsWithPrefix("memberlist", servername, servername == ""),
 		),
 		"",
@@ -170,7 +177,7 @@ func TestSingleBinaryWithMemberlistScaling(t *testing.T) {
 		if i > 0 {
 			join = e2e.NetworkContainerHostPort(networkName, "cortex-1", 8000)
 		}
-		c := newSingleBinary(name, "", join)
+		c := newSingleBinary(name, "", join, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, s.StartAndWaitReady(c))
 		instances = append(instances, c)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/ring/kv/memberlist/memberlist_client.go b/pkg/ring/kv/memberlist/memberlist_client.go
index 7e45868bd9..79432d4668 100644
--- a/pkg/ring/kv/memberlist/memberlist_client.go
+++ b/pkg/ring/kv/memberlist/memberlist_client.go
@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ type KVConfig struct {
 	GossipNodes         int           `yaml:"gossip_nodes"`
 	GossipToTheDeadTime time.Duration `yaml:"gossip_to_dead_nodes_time"`
 	DeadNodeReclaimTime time.Duration `yaml:"dead_node_reclaim_time"`
+	EnableCompression   bool          `yaml:"compression_enabled"`
 
 	// List of members to join
 	JoinMembers      flagext.StringSlice `yaml:"join_members"`
@@ -187,6 +188,7 @@ func (cfg *KVConfig) RegisterFlagsWithPrefix(f *flag.FlagSet, prefix string) {
 	f.DurationVar(&cfg.GossipToTheDeadTime, prefix+"memberlist.gossip-to-dead-nodes-time", mlDefaults.GossipToTheDeadTime, "How long to keep gossiping to dead nodes, to give them chance to refute their death.")
 	f.DurationVar(&cfg.DeadNodeReclaimTime, prefix+"memberlist.dead-node-reclaim-time", mlDefaults.DeadNodeReclaimTime, "How soon can dead node's name be reclaimed with new address. 0 to disable.")
 	f.IntVar(&cfg.MessageHistoryBufferBytes, prefix+"memberlist.message-history-buffer-bytes", 0, "How much space to use for keeping received and sent messages in memory for troubleshooting (two buffers). 0 to disable.")
+	f.BoolVar(&cfg.EnableCompression, prefix+"memberlist.compression-enabled", mlDefaults.EnableCompression, "Enable message compression. This can be used to reduce bandwidth usage at the cost of slightly more CPU utilization.")
 
 	cfg.TCPTransport.RegisterFlags(f, prefix)
 }
@@ -380,6 +382,7 @@ func (m *KV) buildMemberlistConfig() (*memberlist.Config, error) {
 	mlCfg.GossipNodes = m.cfg.GossipNodes
 	mlCfg.GossipToTheDeadTime = m.cfg.GossipToTheDeadTime
 	mlCfg.DeadNodeReclaimTime = m.cfg.DeadNodeReclaimTime
+	mlCfg.EnableCompression = m.cfg.EnableCompression
 
 	if m.cfg.NodeName != "" {
 		mlCfg.Name = m.cfg.NodeName