Drop Python 3.9 support

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/issue.yml

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ body:
   attributes:
     label: Python Version
     description: Which version of Python were you using?
-    placeholder: 3.9.0
+    placeholder: 3.14.0
   validations:
     required: false
 - type: input

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         python-version:
-        - '3.9'
         - '3.10'
         - '3.11'
         - '3.12'

docs/changelog.rst

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 Changelog
 =========
 
+* Drop Python 3.9 support.
+
 4.19.0 (2025-09-18)
 -------------------
 

docs/installation.rst

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Installation
 Requirements
 ------------
 
-Python 3.9 to 3.14 supported.
+Python 3.10 to 3.14 supported.
 
 Django 4.2 to 6.0 supported.
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ license-files = [ "LICENSE" ]
 authors = [
   { name = "Adam Johnson", email = "me@adamj.eu" },
 ]
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 classifiers = [
   "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
   "Framework :: Django",
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ classifiers = [
   "Natural Language :: English",
   "Operating System :: OS Independent",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only",
-  "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
   "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",

src/django_mysql/apps.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable
+from typing import Any
 
 from django.apps import AppConfig
 from django.conf import settings

src/django_mysql/cache.py

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@
 import pickle
 import re
 import zlib
-from collections.abc import Iterable
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
 from random import random
 from time import time
-from typing import Any, Callable, Literal, cast
+from typing import Any, Literal, cast
 
 from django.core.cache.backends.base import DEFAULT_TIMEOUT, BaseCache, default_key_func
 from django.db import connections, router

src/django_mysql/models/fields/dynamic.py

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 import datetime as dt
 import json
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, Callable, Union, cast
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from django.core import checks
 from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper
@@ -38,25 +38,21 @@
 # define this type to two levels deep.
 SpecDict = dict[
     str,
-    Union[
-        type[dt.date],
-        type[dt.datetime],
-        type[float],
-        type[int],
-        type[str],
-        type[dt.time],
-        dict[
-            str,
-            Union[
-                type[dt.date],
-                type[dt.datetime],
-                type[float],
-                type[int],
-                type[str],
-                type[dt.time],
-                dict[str, Any],
-            ],
-        ],
+    type[dt.date]
+    | type[dt.datetime]
+    | type[float]
+    | type[int]
+    | type[str]
+    | type[dt.time]
+    | dict[
+        str,
+        type[dt.date]
+        | type[dt.datetime]
+        | type[float]
+        | type[int]
+        | type[str]
+        | type[dt.time]
+        | dict[str, Any],
     ],
 ]
 

src/django_mysql/models/fields/lists.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, Callable, cast
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any, cast
 
 from django.core import checks
 from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper

src/django_mysql/models/functions.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import datetime as dt
 import json
-from typing import Any, Union
+from typing import Any, TypeAlias
 
 from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS, connections
 from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper
@@ -18,10 +18,7 @@
 from django.db.models import Field as DjangoField
 from django.db.models.sql.compiler import SQLCompiler
 
-ExpressionArgument = Union[
-    Expression,
-    str,  # column reference handled by Django
-]
+ExpressionArgument: TypeAlias = Expression | str
 
 
 class SingleArgFunc(Func):

src/django_mysql/models/lookups.py

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from collections.abc import Iterable
-from typing import Any, Callable
+from collections.abc import Callable, Iterable
+from typing import Any
 
 from django.db.backends.base.base import BaseDatabaseWrapper
 from django.db.models import CharField, Lookup, Transform

src/django_mysql/models/query.py

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import time
-from collections.abc import Generator
+from collections.abc import Callable, Generator
 from contextlib import nullcontext
 from copy import copy
 from functools import cache, wraps
-from typing import Any, Callable, Literal, Optional, TypedDict, TypeVar, Union, cast
+from typing import Any, Literal, TypedDict, TypeVar, cast
 
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.db import connections, models
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ class _CountTriesApproxDict(TypedDict):
     min_size: int
 
 
-_IndexHintForType = Optional[Literal["JOIN", "ORDER BY", "GROUP BY"]]
+_IndexHintForType = Literal["JOIN", "ORDER BY", "GROUP BY", None]
 
-_SmartPkRangeType = Union[None, tuple[int, int], Literal["all"]]
+_SmartPkRangeType = None | tuple[int, int] | Literal["all"]
 _SmartDirectionType = Literal[-1, 1]
 
 

tests/testapp/test_locks.py

@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ def lock_until_told():
             assert threading_test.is_held()
             assert threading_test.holding_connection_id() != own_connection_id
 
-            with pytest.raises(TimeoutError), threading_test:
+            with pytest.raises(TimeoutError), threading_test:  # pragma: no cover
                 pass
 
             to_you.put("Stop")
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ def check_it_lock_it():
             assert the_lock.is_held()
             assert the_lock.holding_connection_id() != own_connection_id
 
-            with pytest.raises(TimeoutError), the_lock:
+            with pytest.raises(TimeoutError), the_lock:  # pragma: no cover
                 pass
 
             to_you.put("Stop")

tests/testapp/utils.py

@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-import sys
 from collections.abc import Generator
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from types import TracebackType
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, TypeGuard
 
 import pytest
 from django.db import DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS, connection, connections
@@ -13,11 +12,6 @@
 from django.db.backends.utils import CursorWrapper
 from django.test.utils import CaptureQueriesContext
 
-if sys.version_info >= (3, 10):
-    from typing import TypeGuard
-else:
-    from typing_extensions import TypeGuard
-
 
 def conn_is_mysql(connection: BaseDatabaseWrapper) -> TypeGuard[MySQLDatabaseWrapper]:
     return connection.vendor == "mysql"

tox.ini

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ env_list =
     py312-django{60, 52, 51, 50, 42}
     py311-django{52, 51, 50, 42}
     py310-django{52, 51, 50, 42}
-    py39-django{42}
 
 [testenv]
 runner = uv-venv-lock-runner