io_uring: avoid ring quiesce while registering/unregistering eventfd

This is done by creating a new RCU data structure (io_ev_fd) as part of
io_ring_ctx that holds the eventfd_ctx.

The function io_eventfd_signal is executed under rcu_read_lock with a
single rcu_dereference to io_ev_fd so that if another thread unregisters
the eventfd while io_eventfd_signal is still being executed, the
eventfd_signal for which io_eventfd_signal was called completes
successfully.

The process of registering/unregistering eventfd is already done under
uring_lock so multiple threads won't enter a race condition while
registering/unregistering eventfd.

With the above approach ring quiesce can be avoided which is much more
expensive then using RCU lock. On the system tested, io_uring_register
with IORING_REGISTER_EVENTFD takes less than 1ms with RCU lock, compared
to 15ms before with ring quiesce.

Signed-off-by: Usama Arif <usama.arif@bytedance.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220204145117.1186568-3-usama.arif@bytedance.com
[axboe: long line fixups]
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>

fs/io_uring.c

@@ -326,6 +326,11 @@ struct io_submit_state {
 	struct blk_plug		plug;
 };
 
+struct io_ev_fd {
+	struct eventfd_ctx	*cq_ev_fd;
+	struct rcu_head		rcu;
+};
+
 struct io_ring_ctx {
 	/* const or read-mostly hot data */
 	struct {
@@ -399,7 +404,7 @@ struct io_ring_ctx {
 	struct {
 		unsigned		cached_cq_tail;
 		unsigned		cq_entries;
-		struct eventfd_ctx	*cq_ev_fd;
+		struct io_ev_fd	__rcu	*io_ev_fd;
 		struct wait_queue_head	cq_wait;
 		unsigned		cq_extra;
 		atomic_t		cq_timeouts;
@@ -1726,13 +1731,36 @@ static inline struct io_uring_cqe *io_get_cqe(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 	return &rings->cqes[tail & mask];
 }
 
-static inline bool io_should_trigger_evfd(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
+static void io_eventfd_signal(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	if (likely(!ctx->cq_ev_fd))
-		return false;
+	struct io_ev_fd *ev_fd;
+
+	/* Return quickly if ctx->io_ev_fd doesn't exist */
+	if (likely(!rcu_dereference_raw(ctx->io_ev_fd)))
+		return;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	/*
+	 * rcu_dereference ctx->io_ev_fd once and use it for both for checking
+	 * and eventfd_signal
+	 */
+	ev_fd = rcu_dereference(ctx->io_ev_fd);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check again if ev_fd exists incase an io_eventfd_unregister call
+	 * completed between the NULL check of ctx->io_ev_fd at the start of
+	 * the function and rcu_read_lock.
+	 */
+	if (unlikely(!ev_fd))
+		goto out;
 	if (READ_ONCE(ctx->rings->cq_flags) & IORING_CQ_EVENTFD_DISABLED)
-		return false;
-	return !ctx->eventfd_async || io_wq_current_is_worker();
+		goto out;
+
+	if (!ctx->eventfd_async || io_wq_current_is_worker())
+		eventfd_signal(ev_fd->cq_ev_fd, 1);
+
+out:
+	rcu_read_unlock();
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1751,8 +1779,7 @@ static void io_cqring_ev_posted(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 	 */
 	if (wq_has_sleeper(&ctx->cq_wait))
 		wake_up_all(&ctx->cq_wait);
-	if (io_should_trigger_evfd(ctx))
-		eventfd_signal(ctx->cq_ev_fd, 1);
+	io_eventfd_signal(ctx);
 }
 
 static void io_cqring_ev_posted_iopoll(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
@@ -1764,8 +1791,7 @@ static void io_cqring_ev_posted_iopoll(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 		if (waitqueue_active(&ctx->cq_wait))
 			wake_up_all(&ctx->cq_wait);
 	}
-	if (io_should_trigger_evfd(ctx))
-		eventfd_signal(ctx->cq_ev_fd, 1);
+	io_eventfd_signal(ctx);
 }
 
 /* Returns true if there are no backlogged entries after the flush */
@@ -9353,31 +9379,50 @@ static int __io_sqe_buffers_update(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx,
 
 static int io_eventfd_register(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx, void __user *arg)
 {
+	struct io_ev_fd *ev_fd;
 	__s32 __user *fds = arg;
-	int fd;
+	int fd, ret;
 
-	if (ctx->cq_ev_fd)
+	ev_fd = rcu_dereference_protected(ctx->io_ev_fd,
+					lockdep_is_held(&ctx->uring_lock));
+	if (ev_fd)
 		return -EBUSY;
 
 	if (copy_from_user(&fd, fds, sizeof(*fds)))
 		return -EFAULT;
 
-	ctx->cq_ev_fd = eventfd_ctx_fdget(fd);
-	if (IS_ERR(ctx->cq_ev_fd)) {
-		int ret = PTR_ERR(ctx->cq_ev_fd);
+	ev_fd = kmalloc(sizeof(*ev_fd), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ev_fd)
+		return -ENOMEM;
 
-		ctx->cq_ev_fd = NULL;
+	ev_fd->cq_ev_fd = eventfd_ctx_fdget(fd);
+	if (IS_ERR(ev_fd->cq_ev_fd)) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(ev_fd->cq_ev_fd);
+		kfree(ev_fd);
 		return ret;
 	}
 
-	return 0;
+	rcu_assign_pointer(ctx->io_ev_fd, ev_fd);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static void io_eventfd_put(struct rcu_head *rcu)
+{
+	struct io_ev_fd *ev_fd = container_of(rcu, struct io_ev_fd, rcu);
+
+	eventfd_ctx_put(ev_fd->cq_ev_fd);
+	kfree(ev_fd);
 }
 
 static int io_eventfd_unregister(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 {
-	if (ctx->cq_ev_fd) {
-		eventfd_ctx_put(ctx->cq_ev_fd);
-		ctx->cq_ev_fd = NULL;
+	struct io_ev_fd *ev_fd;
+
+	ev_fd = rcu_dereference_protected(ctx->io_ev_fd,
+					lockdep_is_held(&ctx->uring_lock));
+	if (ev_fd) {
+		rcu_assign_pointer(ctx->io_ev_fd, NULL);
+		call_rcu(&ev_fd->rcu, io_eventfd_put);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -9442,8 +9487,8 @@ static __cold void io_ring_ctx_free(struct io_ring_ctx *ctx)
 		__io_sqe_files_unregister(ctx);
 	if (ctx->rings)
 		__io_cqring_overflow_flush(ctx, true);
-	mutex_unlock(&ctx->uring_lock);
 	io_eventfd_unregister(ctx);
+	mutex_unlock(&ctx->uring_lock);
 	io_destroy_buffers(ctx);
 	if (ctx->sq_creds)
 		put_cred(ctx->sq_creds);
@@ -10960,6 +11005,8 @@ static bool io_register_op_must_quiesce(int op)
 	case IORING_REGISTER_FILES:
 	case IORING_UNREGISTER_FILES:
 	case IORING_REGISTER_FILES_UPDATE:
+	case IORING_REGISTER_EVENTFD:
+	case IORING_UNREGISTER_EVENTFD:
 	case IORING_REGISTER_PROBE:
 	case IORING_REGISTER_PERSONALITY:
 	case IORING_UNREGISTER_PERSONALITY: