CHORE: update CHANGELOG for v0.17.2

[pyansys-ci-bot]

Update CHANGELOG for v0.17.2 and remove .md files in doc/changelog.d.

Caution

Do not merge this pull request until the release has been successfully made.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 85.29%. Comparing base (efe2c43) to head (b5ee6d8).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #6262      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   85.28%   85.29%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         171      171              
  Lines       64841    64841              
==========================================
+ Hits        55301    55309       +8     
+ Misses       9540     9532       -8     

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