From c67bfabb7c65ec7d6526e37a51550aca763b6414 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 20:19:51 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 01/14] feat: add validate API to standalone mode

---
 apisix/admin/init.lua       |   5 +
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 106 +++++++++++++
 t/admin/standalone.spec.ts  | 303 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 414 insertions(+)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/init.lua b/apisix/admin/init.lua
index 9b375b22e688..54277a5e9478 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/init.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/init.lua
@@ -468,6 +468,11 @@ local standalone_uri_route = {
         methods = {"GET", "PUT", "HEAD"},
         handler = standalone_run,
     },
+    {
+        paths = [[/apisix/admin/configs/validate]],
+        methods = {"POST"},
+        handler = standalone_run,
+    },
 }
 
 
diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index abe03de62d02..fe0ad14e57ec 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -157,6 +157,104 @@ local function check_conf(checker, schema, item, typ)
     })
 end
 
+local function validate(ctx)
+    local content_type = core.request.header(nil, "content-type") or "application/json"
+    local req_body, err = core.request.get_body()
+    if err then
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
+    end
+
+    if not req_body or #req_body <= 0 then
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: empty request body"})
+    end
+
+    local data
+    if core.string.has_prefix(content_type, "application/yaml") then
+        local ok, result = pcall(yaml.load, req_body, { all = false })
+        if not ok or type(result) ~= "table" then
+            err = "invalid yaml request body"
+        else
+            data = result
+        end
+    else
+        data, err = core.json.decode(req_body)
+    end
+
+    if err then
+        core.log.error("invalid request body: ", req_body, " err: ", err)
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
+    end
+    req_body = data
+
+    local validation_results = {
+        valid = true,
+        errors = {}
+    }
+
+
+    for key, conf_version_key in pairs(ALL_RESOURCE_KEYS) do
+        local items = req_body[key]
+        local resource = resources[key] or {}
+
+        if items and #items > 0 then
+            local item_schema = resource.schema
+            local item_checker = resource.checker
+            local id_set = {}
+
+            for index, item in ipairs(items) do
+                local item_temp = tbl_deepcopy(item)
+                local valid, err = check_conf(item_checker, item_schema, item_temp, key)
+                if not valid then
+                    local err_prefix = "invalid " .. key .. " at index " .. (index - 1) .. ", err: "
+                    local err_msg = type(err) == "table" and err.error_msg or err
+
+                    validation_results.valid = false
+                    table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                        resource_type = key,
+                        index = index - 1,
+                        error = err_prefix .. err_msg
+                    })
+                end
+
+                -- check for duplicate IDs
+                local duplicated, dup_err = check_duplicate(item, key, id_set)
+                if duplicated then
+                    validation_results.valid = false
+                    table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                        resource_type = key,
+                        index = index - 1,
+                        error = dup_err
+                    })
+                end
+            end
+        end
+
+        -- Validate conf_version_key if present
+        local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
+        if new_conf_version and type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
+            validation_results.valid = false
+            table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                resource_type = key,
+                error = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
+            })
+        end
+    end
+
+
+    if validation_results.valid then
+        return core.response.exit(200, {
+            message = "Configuration is valid",
+            valid = true
+        })
+    else
+        return core.response.exit(400, {
+            error_msg = "Configuration validation failed",
+            valid = false,
+            errors = validation_results.errors
+        })
+    end
+end
+
 
 local function update(ctx)
     -- check digest header existence
@@ -353,6 +451,14 @@ function _M.run()
     local method = str_lower(get_method())
     if method == "put" then
         return update(ctx)
+    elseif method == "post" then
+        local path = ctx.var.uri
+        core.log.warn("PATH IS ", path)
+        if path == "/apisix/admin/configs/validate" or path:match("/apisix/admin/configs/validate/?$") then
+            return validate(ctx)
+        else
+            return core.response.exit(404, {error_msg = "Not found"})
+        end
     elseif method == "head" then
         return head(ctx)
     else
diff --git a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
index 31addaebd49b..a0cfe0bdda99 100644
--- a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
+++ b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
@@ -194,6 +194,86 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Normal', () => {
+    it('validate config (success case with json)', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, config1);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        message: 'Configuration is valid',
+        valid: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (success case with yaml)', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, YAML.stringify(config1), {
+        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+      });
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        message: 'Configuration is valid',
+        valid: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (success case with multiple resources)', async () => {
+      const multiResourceConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            id: 'r2',
+            uri: '/r2',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+        services: [
+          {
+            id: 's1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+        routes_conf_version: 1,
+        services_conf_version: 1,
+      };
+
+      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, multiResourceConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        message: 'Configuration is valid',
+        valid: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config with consumer credentials', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, credential1);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        message: 'Configuration is valid',
+        valid: true,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config does not persist changes', async () => {
+      // First validate a configuration
+      const validateResp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, config1);
+      expect(validateResp.status).toEqual(200);
+
+      // Then check that the configuration was not persisted
+      const getResp = await client.get(ENDPOINT);
+      expect(getResp.data.routes).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
     it('dump empty config (default json format)', async () => {
       const resp = await client.get(ENDPOINT);
       expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
@@ -641,5 +721,228 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
           'invalid routes at index 0, err: invalid configuration: failed to match pattern "^((uri|server_name|server_addr|request_uri|remote_port|remote_addr|query_string|host|hostname|mqtt_client_id)|arg_[0-9a-zA-z_-]+)$" with "args_invalid"',
       });
     });
+    it('validate config (duplicate route id)', async () => {
+      const duplicateConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            id: 'r1', // Duplicate ID
+            uri: '/r2',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate id r1 in routes'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (invalid route configuration)', async () => {
+      const invalidConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+              // Add an invalid field that should definitely fail validation
+              invalid_field: 'this_should_fail'
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, invalidConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('invalid routes at index 0'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (invalid version number)', async () => {
+      const invalidVersionConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+        routes_conf_version: 'not_a_number', // Invalid version type
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, invalidVersionConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('routes_conf_version must be a number'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (empty body)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, '');
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'invalid request body: empty request body',
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (invalid YAML)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, 'invalid: yaml: [', {
+        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+      });
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: expect.stringContaining('invalid request body:'),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (duplicate consumer username)', async () => {
+      const duplicateConsumerConfig = {
+        consumers: [
+          {
+            username: 'consumer1',
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'consumer1',
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            username: 'consumer1', // Duplicate username
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'consumer1',
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateConsumerConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'consumers',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate username consumer1 in consumers'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (duplicate consumer credential id)', async () => {
+      const duplicateCredentialConfig = {
+        consumers: [
+          {
+            username: 'john_1',
+          },
+          {
+            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a',
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'auth-a',
+              },
+            },
+          },
+          {
+            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a', // Duplicate credential ID
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'auth-a',
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateCredentialConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'consumers',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate credential id john_1/credentials/john-a in consumers'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (invalid plugin)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(
+        `${ENDPOINT}/validate`,
+        routeWithUnknownPlugins,
+      );
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('unknown plugin [invalid-plugin]'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (invalid upstream)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(
+        `${ENDPOINT}/validate`,
+        routeWithInvalidUpstream,
+      );
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        valid: false,
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('failed to match pattern'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
+    });
   });
 });

From 25bba3cd3120fcaf5f9e46e531e43615960bd1b5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 20:22:08 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 02/14] f

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index fe0ad14e57ec..62dd7792f1d2 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -453,8 +453,7 @@ function _M.run()
         return update(ctx)
     elseif method == "post" then
         local path = ctx.var.uri
-        core.log.warn("PATH IS ", path)
-        if path == "/apisix/admin/configs/validate" or path:match("/apisix/admin/configs/validate/?$") then
+        if path == "/apisix/admin/configs/validate" then
             return validate(ctx)
         else
             return core.response.exit(404, {error_msg = "Not found"})

From da12d556a8bf1407de449b3772f679b910db249b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 20:35:39 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 03/14] fix lint

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 62dd7792f1d2..977c8e90c0a1 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ local str_find     = string.find
 local str_sub      = string.sub
 local tostring     = tostring
 local ngx          = ngx
+local pcall        = pcall
 local ngx_time     = ngx.time
 local get_method   = ngx.req.get_method
 local shared_dict  = ngx.shared["standalone-config"]

From 5d214db1ca7cb720e7599cf2b510c5d34d7dfc31 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Oct 2025 12:53:19 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 04/14] apply suggestion

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 77 +++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 40 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 977c8e90c0a1..5e06b19c0a5e 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
---
 -- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 -- contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 -- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -158,41 +157,13 @@ local function check_conf(checker, schema, item, typ)
     })
 end
 
-local function validate(ctx)
-    local content_type = core.request.header(nil, "content-type") or "application/json"
-    local req_body, err = core.request.get_body()
-    if err then
-        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
-    end
-
-    if not req_body or #req_body <= 0 then
-        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: empty request body"})
-    end
-
-    local data
-    if core.string.has_prefix(content_type, "application/yaml") then
-        local ok, result = pcall(yaml.load, req_body, { all = false })
-        if not ok or type(result) ~= "table" then
-            err = "invalid yaml request body"
-        else
-            data = result
-        end
-    else
-        data, err = core.json.decode(req_body)
-    end
-
-    if err then
-        core.log.error("invalid request body: ", req_body, " err: ", err)
-        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
-    end
-    req_body = data
 
+local function validate_configuration(req_body)
     local validation_results = {
         valid = true,
         errors = {}
     }
 
-
     for key, conf_version_key in pairs(ALL_RESOURCE_KEYS) do
         local items = req_body[key]
         local resource = resources[key] or {}
@@ -241,6 +212,38 @@ local function validate(ctx)
         end
     end
 
+    return validation_results
+end
+
+local function validate(ctx)
+    local content_type = core.request.header(nil, "content-type") or "application/json"
+    local req_body, err = core.request.get_body()
+    if err then
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
+    end
+
+    if not req_body or #req_body <= 0 then
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: empty request body"})
+    end
+
+    local data
+    if core.string.has_prefix(content_type, "application/yaml") then
+        local ok, result = pcall(yaml.load, req_body, { all = false })
+        if not ok or type(result) ~= "table" then
+            err = "invalid yaml request body"
+        else
+            data = result
+        end
+    else
+        data, err = core.json.decode(req_body)
+    end
+
+    if err then
+        core.log.error("invalid request body: ", req_body, " err: ", err)
+        return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
+    end
+
+    local validation_results = validate_configuration(data)
 
     if validation_results.valid then
         return core.response.exit(200, {
@@ -256,7 +259,6 @@ local function validate(ctx)
     end
 end
 
-
 local function update(ctx)
     -- check digest header existence
     local digest = core.request.header(nil, METADATA_DIGEST)
@@ -318,9 +320,8 @@ local function update(ctx)
         local items = req_body[key]
         local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
         local resource = resources[key] or {}
-        if not new_conf_version then
-            new_conf_version = conf_version + 1
-        else
+
+        if new_conf_version then
             if type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
                 return core.response.exit(400, {
                     error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number",
@@ -332,9 +333,10 @@ local function update(ctx)
                         " must be greater than or equal to (" .. conf_version .. ")",
                 })
             end
+        else
+            new_conf_version = conf_version + 1
         end
 
-
         apisix_yaml[conf_version_key] = new_conf_version
         if new_conf_version == conf_version then
             apisix_yaml[key] = config and config[key]
@@ -350,14 +352,15 @@ local function update(ctx)
                 if not valid then
                     local err_prefix = "invalid " .. key .. " at index " .. (index - 1) .. ", err: "
                     local err_msg = type(err) == "table" and err.error_msg or err
-                    core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err_prefix .. err_msg })
+                    return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err_prefix .. err_msg })
                 end
+
                 -- prevent updating resource with the same ID
                 -- (e.g., service ID or other resource IDs) in a single request
                 local duplicated, err = check_duplicate(item, key, id_set)
                 if duplicated then
                     core.log.error(err)
-                    core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err })
+                    return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err })
                 end
 
                 table_insert(apisix_yaml[key], item)

From 188fa064c06828f9e8c808a4534fbfc1c8e6b271 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Oct 2025 13:19:57 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 05/14] f

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 90 ++++++++++++++++++++-----------------
 1 file changed, 48 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 5e06b19c0a5e..dd12e0213cfe 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ local function check_conf(checker, schema, item, typ)
 end
 
 
-local function validate_configuration(req_body)
+local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
     local validation_results = {
         valid = true,
         errors = {}
@@ -168,6 +168,26 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body)
         local items = req_body[key]
         local resource = resources[key] or {}
 
+        -- Validate conf_version_key if present
+        local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
+        if new_conf_version and type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
+            local error_msg
+            if collect_all_errors then
+                error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
+            else
+                error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number"
+            end
+
+            if not collect_all_errors then
+                return false, error_msg
+            end
+            validation_results.valid = false
+            table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                resource_type = key,
+                error = error_msg
+            })
+        end
+
         if items and #items > 0 then
             local item_schema = resource.schema
             local item_checker = resource.checker
@@ -179,18 +199,25 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body)
                 if not valid then
                     local err_prefix = "invalid " .. key .. " at index " .. (index - 1) .. ", err: "
                     local err_msg = type(err) == "table" and err.error_msg or err
+                    local error_msg = err_prefix .. err_msg
 
+                    if not collect_all_errors then
+                        return false, error_msg
+                    end
                     validation_results.valid = false
                     table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
                         resource_type = key,
                         index = index - 1,
-                        error = err_prefix .. err_msg
+                        error = error_msg
                     })
                 end
 
                 -- check for duplicate IDs
                 local duplicated, dup_err = check_duplicate(item, key, id_set)
                 if duplicated then
+                    if not collect_all_errors then
+                        return false, dup_err
+                    end
                     validation_results.valid = false
                     table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
                         resource_type = key,
@@ -200,19 +227,13 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body)
                 end
             end
         end
-
-        -- Validate conf_version_key if present
-        local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
-        if new_conf_version and type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
-            validation_results.valid = false
-            table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
-                resource_type = key,
-                error = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
-            })
-        end
     end
 
-    return validation_results
+    if collect_all_errors then
+        return validation_results.valid, validation_results
+    else
+        return validation_results.valid, nil
+    end
 end
 
 local function validate(ctx)
@@ -243,9 +264,9 @@ local function validate(ctx)
         return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
     end
 
-    local validation_results = validate_configuration(data)
+    local valid, validation_results = validate_configuration(data, true) -- collect_all_errors = true
 
-    if validation_results.valid then
+    if valid then
         return core.response.exit(200, {
             message = "Configuration is valid",
             valid = true
@@ -312,21 +333,21 @@ local function update(ctx)
         return core.response.exit(204)
     end
 
-    -- check input by jsonschema
+    -- Use shared validation function (collect_all_errors = false for immediate return)
+    local valid, error_msg = validate_configuration(req_body, false)
+    if not valid then
+        return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = error_msg })
+    end
+
+    -- check input by jsonschema and build the final config
     local apisix_yaml = {}
 
     for key, conf_version_key in pairs(ALL_RESOURCE_KEYS) do
         local conf_version = config and config[conf_version_key] or 0
         local items = req_body[key]
         local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
-        local resource = resources[key] or {}
 
         if new_conf_version then
-            if type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
-                return core.response.exit(400, {
-                    error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number",
-                })
-            end
             if new_conf_version < conf_version then
                 return core.response.exit(400, {
                     error_msg = conf_version_key ..
@@ -342,19 +363,9 @@ local function update(ctx)
             apisix_yaml[key] = config and config[key]
         elseif items and #items > 0 then
             apisix_yaml[key] = table_new(#items, 0)
-            local item_schema = resource.schema
-            local item_checker = resource.checker
             local id_set = {}
 
-            for index, item in ipairs(items) do
-                local item_temp = tbl_deepcopy(item)
-                local valid, err = check_conf(item_checker, item_schema, item_temp, key)
-                if not valid then
-                    local err_prefix = "invalid " .. key .. " at index " .. (index - 1) .. ", err: "
-                    local err_msg = type(err) == "table" and err.error_msg or err
-                    return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err_prefix .. err_msg })
-                end
-
+            for _, item in ipairs(items) do
                 -- prevent updating resource with the same ID
                 -- (e.g., service ID or other resource IDs) in a single request
                 local duplicated, err = check_duplicate(item, key, id_set)
@@ -382,7 +393,6 @@ local function update(ctx)
     return core.response.exit(202)
 end
 
-
 local function get(ctx)
     local accept = core.request.header(nil, "accept") or "application/json"
     local want_yaml_resp = core.string.has_prefix(accept, "application/yaml")
@@ -390,9 +400,9 @@ local function get(ctx)
     local config, err = get_config()
     if not config then
         if err ~= NOT_FOUND_ERR then
-            core.log.error("failed to get config from shared dict: ", err)
+            core.log.error("failed to get config from shared_dict: ", err)
             return core.response.exit(500, {
-                error_msg = "failed to get config from shared dict: " .. err
+                error_msg = "failed to get config from shared_dict: " .. err
             })
         end
         config = {}
@@ -432,14 +442,13 @@ local function get(ctx)
     return core.response.exit(200, resp)
 end
 
-
 local function head(ctx)
     local config, err = get_config()
     if not config then
         if err ~= NOT_FOUND_ERR then
-            core.log.error("failed to get config from shared dict: ", err)
+            core.log.error("failed to get config from shared_dict: ", err)
             return core.response.exit(500, {
-                error_msg = "failed to get config from shared dict: " .. err
+                error_msg = "failed to get config from shared_dict: " .. err
             })
         end
     end
@@ -449,7 +458,6 @@ local function head(ctx)
     return core.response.exit(200)
 end
 
-
 function _M.run()
     local ctx = ngx.ctx.api_ctx
     local method = str_lower(get_method())
@@ -468,8 +476,6 @@ function _M.run()
         return get(ctx)
     end
 end
-
-
 local patch_schema
 do
     local resource_schema = {

From 2789a0fce0a7f9385856d1bac016a9049c20ffee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ashish Tiwari <ashishjaitiwari15112000@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Oct 2025 13:28:41 +0530
Subject: [PATCH 06/14] f

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 3 +--
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index dd12e0213cfe..ae1d84e8cac5 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ local function validate(ctx)
         return core.response.exit(400, {error_msg = "invalid request body: " .. err})
     end
 
-    local valid, validation_results = validate_configuration(data, true) -- collect_all_errors = true
+    local valid, validation_results = validate_configuration(data, true)
 
     if valid then
         return core.response.exit(200, {
@@ -333,7 +333,6 @@ local function update(ctx)
         return core.response.exit(204)
     end
 
-    -- Use shared validation function (collect_all_errors = false for immediate return)
     local valid, error_msg = validate_configuration(req_body, false)
     if not valid then
         return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = error_msg })

From e0d83b2466d408d21a93f71f2c729fcf63e890d1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 08:15:08 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 07/14] remove redundant code

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 27 +++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index ae1d84e8cac5..0494c9657d07 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -361,20 +361,7 @@ local function update(ctx)
         if new_conf_version == conf_version then
             apisix_yaml[key] = config and config[key]
         elseif items and #items > 0 then
-            apisix_yaml[key] = table_new(#items, 0)
-            local id_set = {}
-
-            for _, item in ipairs(items) do
-                -- prevent updating resource with the same ID
-                -- (e.g., service ID or other resource IDs) in a single request
-                local duplicated, err = check_duplicate(item, key, id_set)
-                if duplicated then
-                    core.log.error(err)
-                    return core.response.exit(400, { error_msg = err })
-                end
-
-                table_insert(apisix_yaml[key], item)
-            end
+            apisix_yaml[key] = items
         end
     end
 
@@ -462,18 +449,22 @@ function _M.run()
     local method = str_lower(get_method())
     if method == "put" then
         return update(ctx)
-    elseif method == "post" then
+    end
+
+    if method == "post" then
         local path = ctx.var.uri
         if path == "/apisix/admin/configs/validate" then
             return validate(ctx)
         else
             return core.response.exit(404, {error_msg = "Not found"})
         end
-    elseif method == "head" then
+    end
+    
+    if method == "head" then
         return head(ctx)
-    else
-        return get(ctx)
     end
+
+    return get(ctx)
 end
 local patch_schema
 do

From 9d32ac1239db3dffd2348bf6298c8c9ece1be882 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 08:17:28 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 08/14] fix lint

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 0494c9657d07..294be475de3f 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ function _M.run()
             return core.response.exit(404, {error_msg = "Not found"})
         end
     end
-    
+
     if method == "head" then
         return head(ctx)
     end

From b0be53b327045ff8ca2cea84bb9948effcbed8c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: rongxin <rongxin@api7.ai>
Date: Wed, 19 Nov 2025 09:15:46 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 09/14] fix lint2

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 294be475de3f..f55a90ac0b95 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ local shared_dict  = ngx.shared["standalone-config"]
 local timer_every  = ngx.timer.every
 local exiting      = ngx.worker.exiting
 local table_insert = table.insert
-local table_new    = require("table.new")
 local yaml         = require("lyaml")
 local events       = require("apisix.events")
 local core         = require("apisix.core")

From 84631ce5103e192ec6980fd32ca989fb45a1cdd5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 10:33:33 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 10/14] update conmments

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 27 +++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 9 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index f55a90ac0b95..2787d79da9dc 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -170,20 +170,13 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
         -- Validate conf_version_key if present
         local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
         if new_conf_version and type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
-            local error_msg
-            if collect_all_errors then
-                error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
-            else
-                error_msg = conf_version_key .. " must be a number"
-            end
-
             if not collect_all_errors then
-                return false, error_msg
+                return false, config_version_key .. " must be a number"
             end
             validation_results.valid = false
             table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
                 resource_type = key,
-                error = error_msg
+                error = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
             })
         end
 
@@ -264,19 +257,18 @@ local function validate(ctx)
     end
 
     local valid, validation_results = validate_configuration(data, true)
-
-    if valid then
-        return core.response.exit(200, {
-            message = "Configuration is valid",
-            valid = true
-        })
-    else
+    if not valid then
         return core.response.exit(400, {
             error_msg = "Configuration validation failed",
             valid = false,
             errors = validation_results.errors
         })
     end
+
+    return core.response.exit(200, {
+        message = "Configuration is valid",
+        valid = true
+    })
 end
 
 local function update(ctx)
@@ -316,8 +308,7 @@ local function update(ctx)
     req_body = data
 
     local config, err = get_config()
-    if not config then
-        if err ~= NOT_FOUND_ERR then
+    if err and err ~= NOT_FOUND_ERR then
             core.log.error("failed to get config from shared dict: ", err)
             return core.response.exit(500, {
                 error_msg = "failed to get config from shared dict: " .. err

From 7355892dbb59284050b6569153d6ddb5d1607395 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Thu, 20 Nov 2025 11:57:39 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 11/14] fix test

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 11 +++++------
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 2787d79da9dc..472e24ef8cc2 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
         local new_conf_version = req_body[conf_version_key]
         if new_conf_version and type(new_conf_version) ~= "number" then
             if not collect_all_errors then
-                return false, config_version_key .. " must be a number"
+                return false, conf_version_key .. " must be a number"
             end
             validation_results.valid = false
             table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
@@ -309,11 +309,10 @@ local function update(ctx)
 
     local config, err = get_config()
     if err and err ~= NOT_FOUND_ERR then
-            core.log.error("failed to get config from shared dict: ", err)
-            return core.response.exit(500, {
-                error_msg = "failed to get config from shared dict: " .. err
-            })
-        end
+        core.log.error("failed to get config from shared dict: ", err)
+        return core.response.exit(500, {
+            error_msg = "failed to get config from shared dict: " .. err
+        })
     end
 
     -- if the client passes in the same digest, the configuration is not updated

From 64e8db25184707b10e24e3b6c15a121dfee3f263 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: rongxin <rongxin@api7.ai>
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 10:06:10 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 12/14] update message and test

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua |   6 +-
 t/admin/standalone.spec.ts  | 472 +++++++++++++++++-------------------
 2 files changed, 229 insertions(+), 249 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 472e24ef8cc2..7ff121565c24 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -260,15 +260,11 @@ local function validate(ctx)
     if not valid then
         return core.response.exit(400, {
             error_msg = "Configuration validation failed",
-            valid = false,
             errors = validation_results.errors
         })
     end
 
-    return core.response.exit(200, {
-        message = "Configuration is valid",
-        valid = true
-    })
+    return core.response.exit(200)
 end
 
 local function update(ctx)
diff --git a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
index a0cfe0bdda99..5924dc4c29c6 100644
--- a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
+++ b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import axios from 'axios';
 import YAML from 'yaml';
 
 const ENDPOINT = '/apisix/admin/configs';
+const VALIDATE_ENDPOINT = '/apisix/admin/configs/validate';
 const HEADER_LAST_MODIFIED = 'x-last-modified';
 const HEADER_DIGEST = 'x-digest';
 const clientConfig = {
@@ -194,86 +195,6 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
   });
 
   describe('Normal', () => {
-    it('validate config (success case with json)', async () => {
-      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, config1);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        message: 'Configuration is valid',
-        valid: true,
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('validate config (success case with yaml)', async () => {
-      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, YAML.stringify(config1), {
-        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
-      });
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        message: 'Configuration is valid',
-        valid: true,
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('validate config (success case with multiple resources)', async () => {
-      const multiResourceConfig = {
-        routes: [
-          {
-            id: 'r1',
-            uri: '/r1',
-            upstream: {
-              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-              type: 'roundrobin',
-            },
-          },
-          {
-            id: 'r2',
-            uri: '/r2',
-            upstream: {
-              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-              type: 'roundrobin',
-            },
-          },
-        ],
-        services: [
-          {
-            id: 's1',
-            upstream: {
-              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-              type: 'roundrobin',
-            },
-          },
-        ],
-        routes_conf_version: 1,
-        services_conf_version: 1,
-      };
-
-      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, multiResourceConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        message: 'Configuration is valid',
-        valid: true,
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('validate config with consumer credentials', async () => {
-      const resp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, credential1);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        message: 'Configuration is valid',
-        valid: true,
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('validate config does not persist changes', async () => {
-      // First validate a configuration
-      const validateResp = await client.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, config1);
-      expect(validateResp.status).toEqual(200);
-
-      // Then check that the configuration was not persisted
-      const getResp = await client.get(ENDPOINT);
-      expect(getResp.data.routes).toBeUndefined();
-    });
-
     it('dump empty config (default json format)', async () => {
       const resp = await client.get(ENDPOINT);
       expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
@@ -721,8 +642,25 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
           'invalid routes at index 0, err: invalid configuration: failed to match pattern "^((uri|server_name|server_addr|request_uri|remote_port|remote_addr|query_string|host|hostname|mqtt_client_id)|arg_[0-9a-zA-z_-]+)$" with "args_invalid"',
       });
     });
-    it('validate config (duplicate route id)', async () => {
-      const duplicateConfig = {
+  });
+});
+
+describe('Validate API - Standalone', () => {
+  describe('Normal', () => {
+    it('validate config (success case with json)', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, config1);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (success case with yaml)', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, YAML.stringify(config1), {
+        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+      });
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+    });
+
+    it('validate config (success case with multiple resources)', async () => {
+      const multiResourceConfig = {
         routes: [
           {
             id: 'r1',
@@ -733,7 +671,7 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
             },
           },
           {
-            id: 'r1', // Duplicate ID
+            id: 'r2',
             uri: '/r2',
             upstream: {
               nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
@@ -741,54 +679,41 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
             },
           },
         ],
-      };
-
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'routes',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate id r1 in routes'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
-    });
-
-    it('validate config (invalid route configuration)', async () => {
-      const invalidConfig = {
-        routes: [
+        services: [
           {
-            id: 'r1',
-            uri: '/r1',
+            id: 's1',
             upstream: {
               nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
               type: 'roundrobin',
-              // Add an invalid field that should definitely fail validation
-              invalid_field: 'this_should_fail'
             },
           },
         ],
+        routes_conf_version: 1,
+        services_conf_version: 1,
       };
 
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, invalidConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'routes',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('invalid routes at index 0'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+      const resp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, multiResourceConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
     });
 
-    it('validate config (invalid version number)', async () => {
-      const invalidVersionConfig = {
+    it('validate config with consumer credentials', async () => {
+      const resp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, credential1);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(200);
+    });
+
+    it('validate config does not persist changes', async () => {
+      // First validate a configuration
+      const validateResp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, config1);
+      expect(validateResp.status).toEqual(200);
+
+      // Then check that the configuration was not persisted
+      const getResp = await client.get(ENDPOINT);
+      expect(getResp.data.routes).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+  });
+  describe('Exceptions', () => {
+    it('validate config (duplicate route id)', async () => {
+      const duplicateConfig = {
         routes: [
           {
             id: 'r1',
@@ -798,151 +723,210 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
               type: 'roundrobin',
             },
           },
-        ],
-        routes_conf_version: 'not_a_number', // Invalid version type
-      };
+        },
+        {
+          id: 'r1', // Duplicate ID
+          uri: '/r2',
+          upstream: {
+            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+            type: 'roundrobin',
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConfig);
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'routes',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate id r1 in routes'),
+        }),
+      ]),
+    });
+  });
 
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, invalidVersionConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'routes',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('routes_conf_version must be a number'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+  it('validate config (invalid route configuration)', async () => {
+    const invalidConfig = {
+      routes: [
+        {
+          id: 'r1',
+          uri: '/r1',
+          upstream: {
+            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+            type: 'roundrobin',
+            // Add an invalid field that should definitely fail validation
+            invalid_field: 'this_should_fail'
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidConfig);
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'routes',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('invalid routes at index 0'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (empty body)', async () => {
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, '');
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'invalid request body: empty request body',
-      });
+  it('validate config (invalid version number)', async () => {
+    const invalidVersionConfig = {
+      routes: [
+        {
+          id: 'r1',
+          uri: '/r1',
+          upstream: {
+            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+            type: 'roundrobin',
+          },
+        },
+      ],
+      routes_conf_version: 'not_a_number', // Invalid version type
+    };
+
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidVersionConfig);
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'routes',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('routes_conf_version must be a number'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (invalid YAML)', async () => {
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, 'invalid: yaml: [', {
-        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
-      });
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: expect.stringContaining('invalid request body:'),
-      });
+  it('validate config (empty body)', async () => {
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, '');
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'invalid request body: empty request body',
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (duplicate consumer username)', async () => {
-      const duplicateConsumerConfig = {
-        consumers: [
-          {
-            username: 'consumer1',
-            plugins: {
-              'key-auth': {
-                key: 'consumer1',
-              },
+  it('validate config (invalid YAML)', async () => {
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, 'invalid: yaml: [', {
+      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+    });
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: expect.stringContaining('invalid request body:'),
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('validate config (duplicate consumer username)', async () => {
+    const duplicateConsumerConfig = {
+      consumers: [
+        {
+          username: 'consumer1',
+          plugins: {
+            'key-auth': {
+              key: 'consumer1',
             },
           },
-          {
-            username: 'consumer1', // Duplicate username
-            plugins: {
-              'key-auth': {
-                key: 'consumer1',
-              },
+        },
+        {
+          username: 'consumer1', // Duplicate username
+          plugins: {
+            'key-auth': {
+              key: 'consumer1',
             },
           },
-        ],
-      };
-
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateConsumerConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'consumers',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate username consumer1 in consumers'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConsumerConfig);
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'consumers',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate username consumer1 in consumers'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (duplicate consumer credential id)', async () => {
-      const duplicateCredentialConfig = {
-        consumers: [
-          {
-            username: 'john_1',
-          },
-          {
-            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a',
-            plugins: {
-              'key-auth': {
-                key: 'auth-a',
-              },
+  it('validate config (duplicate consumer credential id)', async () => {
+    const duplicateCredentialConfig = {
+      consumers: [
+        {
+          username: 'john_1',
+        },
+        {
+          id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a',
+          plugins: {
+            'key-auth': {
+              key: 'auth-a',
             },
           },
-          {
-            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a', // Duplicate credential ID
-            plugins: {
-              'key-auth': {
-                key: 'auth-a',
-              },
+        },
+        {
+          id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a', // Duplicate credential ID
+          plugins: {
+            'key-auth': {
+              key: 'auth-a',
             },
           },
-        ],
-      };
-
-      const resp = await clientException.post(`${ENDPOINT}/validate`, duplicateCredentialConfig);
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'consumers',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate credential id john_1/credentials/john-a in consumers'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+        },
+      ],
+    };
+
+    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateCredentialConfig);
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'consumers',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate credential id john_1/credentials/john-a in consumers'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (invalid plugin)', async () => {
-      const resp = await clientException.post(
-        `${ENDPOINT}/validate`,
-        routeWithUnknownPlugins,
-      );
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'routes',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('unknown plugin [invalid-plugin]'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+  it('validate config (invalid plugin)', async () => {
+    const resp = await clientException.post(
+      VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
+      routeWithUnknownPlugins,
+    );
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'routes',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('unknown plugin [invalid-plugin]'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
+  });
 
-    it('validate config (invalid upstream)', async () => {
-      const resp = await clientException.post(
-        `${ENDPOINT}/validate`,
-        routeWithInvalidUpstream,
-      );
-      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-        valid: false,
-        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-          expect.objectContaining({
-            resource_type: 'routes',
-            error: expect.stringContaining('failed to match pattern'),
-          }),
-        ]),
-      });
+  it('validate config (invalid upstream)', async () => {
+    const resp = await clientException.post(
+      VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
+      routeWithInvalidUpstream,
+    );
+    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+        expect.objectContaining({
+          resource_type: 'routes',
+          error: expect.stringContaining('failed to match pattern'),
+        }),
+      ]),
     });
   });
 });

From ee598b3cac0317aa2343e5df6437a0c35389b84f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 04:09:50 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/14] update test

---
 t/admin/standalone.spec.ts | 370 +++++++++++++++++++------------------
 1 file changed, 192 insertions(+), 178 deletions(-)

diff --git a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
index 5924dc4c29c6..d61fb1b37788 100644
--- a/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
+++ b/t/admin/standalone.spec.ts
@@ -646,6 +646,17 @@ describe('Admin - Standalone', () => {
 });
 
 describe('Validate API - Standalone', () => {
+  const client = axios.create(clientConfig);
+  client.interceptors.response.use((response) => {
+    const contentType = response.headers['content-type'] || '';
+    if (
+      contentType.includes('application/yaml') &&
+      typeof response.data === 'string' &&
+      response.config.responseType !== 'text'
+    )
+      response.data = YAML.parse(response.data);
+    return response;
+  });
   describe('Normal', () => {
     it('validate config (success case with json)', async () => {
       const resp = await client.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, config1);
@@ -712,6 +723,10 @@ describe('Validate API - Standalone', () => {
     });
   });
   describe('Exceptions', () => {
+    const clientException = axios.create({
+      ...clientConfig,
+      validateStatus: () => true,
+    });
     it('validate config (duplicate route id)', async () => {
       const duplicateConfig = {
         routes: [
@@ -723,210 +738,209 @@ describe('Validate API - Standalone', () => {
               type: 'roundrobin',
             },
           },
-        },
-        {
-          id: 'r1', // Duplicate ID
-          uri: '/r2',
-          upstream: {
-            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-            type: 'roundrobin',
-          },
-        },
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConfig);
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'routes',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate id r1 in routes'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+          {
+            id: 'r1', // Duplicate ID
+            uri: '/r2',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
+          },],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate id r1 in routes'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (invalid route configuration)', async () => {
-    const invalidConfig = {
-      routes: [
-        {
-          id: 'r1',
-          uri: '/r1',
-          upstream: {
-            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-            type: 'roundrobin',
-            // Add an invalid field that should definitely fail validation
-            invalid_field: 'this_should_fail'
+    it('validate config (invalid route configuration)', async () => {
+      const invalidConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+              // Add an invalid field that should definitely fail validation
+              invalid_field: 'this_should_fail'
+            },
           },
-        },
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidConfig);
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'routes',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('invalid routes at index 0'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('invalid routes at index 0'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (invalid version number)', async () => {
-    const invalidVersionConfig = {
-      routes: [
-        {
-          id: 'r1',
-          uri: '/r1',
-          upstream: {
-            nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
-            type: 'roundrobin',
+    it('validate config (invalid version number)', async () => {
+      const invalidVersionConfig = {
+        routes: [
+          {
+            id: 'r1',
+            uri: '/r1',
+            upstream: {
+              nodes: { '127.0.0.1:1980': 1 },
+              type: 'roundrobin',
+            },
           },
-        },
-      ],
-      routes_conf_version: 'not_a_number', // Invalid version type
-    };
-
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidVersionConfig);
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'routes',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('routes_conf_version must be a number'),
-        }),
-      ]),
-    });
-  });
+        ],
+        routes_conf_version: 'not_a_number', // Invalid version type
+      };
 
-  it('validate config (empty body)', async () => {
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, '');
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'invalid request body: empty request body',
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, invalidVersionConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('routes_conf_version must be a number'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (invalid YAML)', async () => {
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, 'invalid: yaml: [', {
-      headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+    it('validate config (empty body)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, '');
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'invalid request body: empty request body',
+      });
     });
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: expect.stringContaining('invalid request body:'),
+
+    it('validate config (invalid YAML)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, 'invalid: yaml: [', {
+        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/yaml' },
+      });
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: expect.stringContaining('invalid request body:'),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (duplicate consumer username)', async () => {
-    const duplicateConsumerConfig = {
-      consumers: [
-        {
-          username: 'consumer1',
-          plugins: {
-            'key-auth': {
-              key: 'consumer1',
+    it('validate config (duplicate consumer username)', async () => {
+      const duplicateConsumerConfig = {
+        consumers: [
+          {
+            username: 'consumer1',
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'consumer1',
+              },
             },
           },
-        },
-        {
-          username: 'consumer1', // Duplicate username
-          plugins: {
-            'key-auth': {
-              key: 'consumer1',
+          {
+            username: 'consumer1', // Duplicate username
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'consumer1',
+              },
             },
           },
-        },
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConsumerConfig);
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'consumers',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate username consumer1 in consumers'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateConsumerConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'consumers',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate username consumer1 in consumers'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (duplicate consumer credential id)', async () => {
-    const duplicateCredentialConfig = {
-      consumers: [
-        {
-          username: 'john_1',
-        },
-        {
-          id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a',
-          plugins: {
-            'key-auth': {
-              key: 'auth-a',
+    it('validate config (duplicate consumer credential id)', async () => {
+      const duplicateCredentialConfig = {
+        consumers: [
+          {
+            username: 'john_1',
+          },
+          {
+            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a',
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'auth-a',
+              },
             },
           },
-        },
-        {
-          id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a', // Duplicate credential ID
-          plugins: {
-            'key-auth': {
-              key: 'auth-a',
+          {
+            id: 'john_1/credentials/john-a', // Duplicate credential ID
+            plugins: {
+              'key-auth': {
+                key: 'auth-a',
+              },
             },
           },
-        },
-      ],
-    };
-
-    const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateCredentialConfig);
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'consumers',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate credential id john_1/credentials/john-a in consumers'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+        ],
+      };
+
+      const resp = await clientException.post(VALIDATE_ENDPOINT, duplicateCredentialConfig);
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'consumers',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('found duplicate credential id john_1/credentials/john-a in consumers'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (invalid plugin)', async () => {
-    const resp = await clientException.post(
-      VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
-      routeWithUnknownPlugins,
-    );
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'routes',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('unknown plugin [invalid-plugin]'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+    it('validate config (invalid plugin)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(
+        VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
+        routeWithUnknownPlugins,
+      );
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('unknown plugin [invalid-plugin]'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
-  });
 
-  it('validate config (invalid upstream)', async () => {
-    const resp = await clientException.post(
-      VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
-      routeWithInvalidUpstream,
-    );
-    expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
-    expect(resp.data).toEqual({
-      error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
-      errors: expect.arrayContaining([
-        expect.objectContaining({
-          resource_type: 'routes',
-          error: expect.stringContaining('failed to match pattern'),
-        }),
-      ]),
+    it('validate config (invalid upstream)', async () => {
+      const resp = await clientException.post(
+        VALIDATE_ENDPOINT,
+        routeWithInvalidUpstream,
+      );
+      expect(resp.status).toEqual(400);
+      expect(resp.data).toEqual({
+        error_msg: 'Configuration validation failed',
+        errors: expect.arrayContaining([
+          expect.objectContaining({
+            resource_type: 'routes',
+            error: expect.stringContaining('failed to match pattern'),
+          }),
+        ]),
+      });
     });
   });
 });

From 40b52bce10e02588e410721625a95829f2bdd386 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: AlinsRan <alinsran@apache.org>
Date: Mon, 24 Nov 2025 05:51:39 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 14/14] f

---
 apisix/admin/standalone.lua | 26 ++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
index 7ff121565c24..be08c6b823fe 100644
--- a/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
+++ b/apisix/admin/standalone.lua
@@ -158,10 +158,8 @@ end
 
 
 local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
-    local validation_results = {
-        valid = true,
-        errors = {}
-    }
+    local is_valid = true
+    local validation_results = {}
 
     for key, conf_version_key in pairs(ALL_RESOURCE_KEYS) do
         local items = req_body[key]
@@ -173,8 +171,8 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
             if not collect_all_errors then
                 return false, conf_version_key .. " must be a number"
             end
-            validation_results.valid = false
-            table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+            is_valid = false
+            table_insert(validation_results, {
                 resource_type = key,
                 error = conf_version_key .. " must be a number, got " .. type(new_conf_version)
             })
@@ -196,8 +194,8 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
                     if not collect_all_errors then
                         return false, error_msg
                     end
-                    validation_results.valid = false
-                    table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                    is_valid = false
+                    table_insert(validation_results, {
                         resource_type = key,
                         index = index - 1,
                         error = error_msg
@@ -210,8 +208,8 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
                     if not collect_all_errors then
                         return false, dup_err
                     end
-                    validation_results.valid = false
-                    table_insert(validation_results.errors, {
+                    is_valid = false
+                    table_insert(validation_results, {
                         resource_type = key,
                         index = index - 1,
                         error = dup_err
@@ -222,10 +220,10 @@ local function validate_configuration(req_body, collect_all_errors)
     end
 
     if collect_all_errors then
-        return validation_results.valid, validation_results
-    else
-        return validation_results.valid, nil
+        return is_valid, validation_results
     end
+
+    return is_valid, nil
 end
 
 local function validate(ctx)
@@ -260,7 +258,7 @@ local function validate(ctx)
     if not valid then
         return core.response.exit(400, {
             error_msg = "Configuration validation failed",
-            errors = validation_results.errors
+            errors = validation_results
         })
     end