diff --git a/dev/release/rat_exclude_files.txt b/dev/release/rat_exclude_files.txt
index 7b3f9eebe58..b3288928ca3 100644
--- a/dev/release/rat_exclude_files.txt
+++ b/dev/release/rat_exclude_files.txt
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ requirements.txt
 *.svg
 *.devhelp2
 *.scss
-r/.lintr
 r/R/arrowExports.R
 r/src/arrowExports.cpp
 r/DESCRIPTION
diff --git a/r/.Rbuildignore b/r/.Rbuildignore
index 5e26108d392..87861e04e68 100644
--- a/r/.Rbuildignore
+++ b/r/.Rbuildignore
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ clang_format.sh
 ^.*\.Rhistory$
 ^extra-tests
 STYLE.md
-^.lintr
+^jarl\.toml$
 ^.styler_excludes.R
 ^cheatsheet$
 ^revdep$
diff --git a/r/.lintr b/r/.lintr
deleted file mode 100644
index 6c1674689fa..00000000000
--- a/r/.lintr
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-linters: linters_with_defaults(
-  indentation_linter = NULL,
-  line_length_linter = line_length_linter(120),
-  object_name_linter = NULL,
-  return_linter = NULL,
-  # Even with a liberal definition of name styles, some of our names cause issues due to `.`s for s3 classes or NA in the name
-  # TODO: figure out if we con contribute to lintr to make these work
-  # object_name_linter = object_name_linter(styles = c("snake_case", "camelCase", "CamelCase", "symbols", "dotted.case", "UPPERCASE", "SNAKE_CASE")),
-  object_length_linter = object_length_linter(40),
-  object_usage_linter = NULL, # R6 methods are flagged,
-  cyclocomp_linter = cyclocomp_linter(26) # TODO: reduce to default of 15
-  # See also https://github.com/r-lib/lintr/issues/804 for cyclocomp issues with R6
-  )
-exclusions: list(
-  "R/arrowExports.R",
-  "R/dplyr-funcs-doc.R",
-  "data-raw/codegen.R"
-  )