diff --git a/datafusion/ffi/src/physical_optimizer.rs b/datafusion/ffi/src/physical_optimizer.rs
index 84dc40ce8f46c..4d623aca77e96 100644
--- a/datafusion/ffi/src/physical_optimizer.rs
+++ b/datafusion/ffi/src/physical_optimizer.rs
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use datafusion_common::config::ConfigOptions;
 use datafusion_common::error::Result;
-use datafusion_physical_optimizer::PhysicalOptimizerRule;
+use datafusion_physical_optimizer::{PhysicalOptimizerContext, PhysicalOptimizerRule};
 use datafusion_physical_plan::ExecutionPlan;
+use datafusion_physical_plan::operator_statistics::StatisticsRegistry;
 use stabby::string::String as SString;
 use tokio::runtime::Handle;
 
@@ -31,6 +32,99 @@ use crate::execution_plan::FFI_ExecutionPlan;
 use crate::util::FFI_Result;
 use crate::{df_result, sresult_return};
 
+/// A stable struct for sharing [`PhysicalOptimizerContext`] across FFI boundaries.
+///
+/// This provides access to configuration options and an optional statistics registry
+/// for optimizer rules that need extended context.
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext {
+    pub config_options:
+        unsafe extern "C" fn(&FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext) -> FFI_ConfigOptions,
+
+    /// Returns true if a statistics registry is available.
+    pub has_statistics_registry:
+        unsafe extern "C" fn(&FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext) -> bool,
+
+    /// Release the memory of the private data.
+    pub release: unsafe extern "C" fn(&mut FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext),
+
+    /// Internal data. Only accessed by the provider.
+    pub private_data: *const c_void,
+}
+
+unsafe impl Send for FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext {}
+unsafe impl Sync for FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext {}
+
+struct OptimizerContextPrivateData {
+    config: ConfigOptions,
+    statistics_registry: Option<StatisticsRegistry>,
+}
+
+impl FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext {
+    pub fn new(context: &dyn PhysicalOptimizerContext) -> Self {
+        let private_data = Box::new(OptimizerContextPrivateData {
+            config: context.config_options().clone(),
+            statistics_registry: context.statistics_registry().cloned(),
+        });
+        let private_data = Box::into_raw(private_data) as *const c_void;
+
+        Self {
+            config_options: context_config_options_fn,
+            has_statistics_registry: context_has_statistics_registry_fn,
+            release: context_release_fn,
+            private_data,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn inner(&self) -> &OptimizerContextPrivateData {
+        unsafe { &*(self.private_data as *const OptimizerContextPrivateData) }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        unsafe { (self.release)(self) }
+    }
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn context_config_options_fn(
+    ctx: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+) -> FFI_ConfigOptions {
+    FFI_ConfigOptions::from(&ctx.inner().config)
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn context_has_statistics_registry_fn(
+    ctx: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+) -> bool {
+    ctx.inner().statistics_registry.is_some()
+}
+
+unsafe extern "C" fn context_release_fn(ctx: &mut FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext) {
+    if !ctx.private_data.is_null() {
+        unsafe {
+            let _ = Box::from_raw(ctx.private_data as *mut OptimizerContextPrivateData);
+        }
+        ctx.private_data = std::ptr::null();
+    }
+}
+
+/// Reconstructed [`PhysicalOptimizerContext`] on the consumer side of FFI.
+struct ForeignOptimizerContext {
+    config: ConfigOptions,
+    statistics_registry: Option<StatisticsRegistry>,
+}
+
+impl PhysicalOptimizerContext for ForeignOptimizerContext {
+    fn config_options(&self) -> &ConfigOptions {
+        &self.config
+    }
+
+    fn statistics_registry(&self) -> Option<&StatisticsRegistry> {
+        self.statistics_registry.as_ref()
+    }
+}
+
 /// A stable struct for sharing [`PhysicalOptimizerRule`] across FFI boundaries.
 #[repr(C)]
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -41,6 +135,12 @@ pub struct FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule {
         config: FFI_ConfigOptions,
     ) -> FFI_Result<FFI_ExecutionPlan>,
 
+    pub optimize_with_context: unsafe extern "C" fn(
+        &Self,
+        plan: &FFI_ExecutionPlan,
+        context: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+    ) -> FFI_Result<FFI_ExecutionPlan>,
+
     pub name: unsafe extern "C" fn(&Self) -> SString,
 
     pub schema_check: unsafe extern "C" fn(&Self) -> bool,
@@ -98,6 +198,38 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn optimize_fn_wrapper(
     FFI_Result::Ok(FFI_ExecutionPlan::new(optimized_plan, runtime))
 }
 
+unsafe extern "C" fn optimize_with_context_fn_wrapper(
+    rule: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule,
+    plan: &FFI_ExecutionPlan,
+    context: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+) -> FFI_Result<FFI_ExecutionPlan> {
+    let runtime = rule.runtime();
+    let inner = rule.inner();
+    let plan: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan> = sresult_return!(plan.try_into());
+    let config = sresult_return!(ConfigOptions::try_from(unsafe {
+        (context.config_options)(context)
+    }));
+    let has_registry = unsafe { (context.has_statistics_registry)(context) };
+    let registry = if has_registry {
+        Some(
+            context
+                .inner()
+                .statistics_registry
+                .clone()
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+        )
+    } else {
+        None
+    };
+    let foreign_ctx = ForeignOptimizerContext {
+        config,
+        statistics_registry: registry,
+    };
+    let optimized_plan = sresult_return!(inner.optimize_with_context(plan, &foreign_ctx));
+
+    FFI_Result::Ok(FFI_ExecutionPlan::new(optimized_plan, runtime))
+}
+
 unsafe extern "C" fn name_fn_wrapper(rule: &FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule) -> SString {
     let rule = rule.inner();
     rule.name().into()
@@ -127,6 +259,7 @@ unsafe extern "C" fn clone_fn_wrapper(
 
     FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule {
         optimize: optimize_fn_wrapper,
+        optimize_with_context: optimize_with_context_fn_wrapper,
         name: name_fn_wrapper,
         schema_check: schema_check_fn_wrapper,
         clone: clone_fn_wrapper,
@@ -160,6 +293,7 @@ impl FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule {
 
         Self {
             optimize: optimize_fn_wrapper,
+            optimize_with_context: optimize_with_context_fn_wrapper,
             name: name_fn_wrapper,
             schema_check: schema_check_fn_wrapper,
             clone: clone_fn_wrapper,
@@ -220,6 +354,24 @@ impl PhysicalOptimizerRule for ForeignPhysicalOptimizerRule {
         (&optimized_plan).try_into()
     }
 
+    fn optimize_with_context(
+        &self,
+        plan: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>,
+        context: &dyn PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+    ) -> Result<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+        let ffi_context = FFI_PhysicalOptimizerContext::new(context);
+        let plan = FFI_ExecutionPlan::new(plan, None);
+
+        let optimized_plan = unsafe {
+            df_result!((self.rule.optimize_with_context)(
+                &self.rule,
+                &plan,
+                &ffi_context
+            ))?
+        };
+        (&optimized_plan).try_into()
+    }
+
     fn name(&self) -> &str {
         &self.name
     }
@@ -236,8 +388,11 @@ mod tests {
     use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field, Schema};
     use datafusion_common::config::ConfigOptions;
     use datafusion_common::error::Result;
-    use datafusion_physical_optimizer::PhysicalOptimizerRule;
+    use datafusion_physical_optimizer::{
+        ConfigOnlyContext, PhysicalOptimizerContext, PhysicalOptimizerRule,
+    };
     use datafusion_physical_plan::ExecutionPlan;
+    use datafusion_physical_plan::operator_statistics::StatisticsRegistry;
 
     use super::*;
     use crate::execution_plan::tests::EmptyExec;
@@ -265,6 +420,39 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// A rule that returns an error from `optimize` but succeeds when
+    /// called via `optimize_with_context`, proving the context path is taken.
+    #[derive(Debug)]
+    struct ContextAwareRule;
+
+    impl PhysicalOptimizerRule for ContextAwareRule {
+        fn optimize(
+            &self,
+            _plan: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>,
+            _config: &ConfigOptions,
+        ) -> Result<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+            Err(datafusion_common::DataFusionError::Plan(
+                "optimize should not be called directly".to_string(),
+            ))
+        }
+
+        fn optimize_with_context(
+            &self,
+            plan: Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>,
+            _context: &dyn PhysicalOptimizerContext,
+        ) -> Result<Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan>> {
+            Ok(plan)
+        }
+
+        fn name(&self) -> &str {
+            "context_aware_rule"
+        }
+
+        fn schema_check(&self) -> bool {
+            true
+        }
+    }
+
     fn create_test_plan() -> Arc<dyn ExecutionPlan> {
         let schema =
             Arc::new(Schema::new(vec![Field::new("a", DataType::Float32, false)]));
@@ -374,4 +562,63 @@ mod tests {
 
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_optimize_with_context_round_trip() -> Result<()> {
+        let rule: Arc<dyn PhysicalOptimizerRule + Send + Sync> =
+            Arc::new(ContextAwareRule);
+
+        let mut ffi_rule = FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule::new(rule, None);
+        ffi_rule.library_marker_id = crate::mock_foreign_marker_id;
+
+        let foreign_rule: Arc<dyn PhysicalOptimizerRule + Send + Sync> =
+            (&ffi_rule).into();
+
+        let plan = create_test_plan();
+        let config = ConfigOptions::new();
+        let context = ConfigOnlyContext::new(&config);
+
+        let optimized = foreign_rule.optimize_with_context(plan, &context)?;
+        assert_eq!(optimized.name(), "empty-exec");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_optimize_with_context_with_registry() -> Result<()> {
+        let rule: Arc<dyn PhysicalOptimizerRule + Send + Sync> =
+            Arc::new(ContextAwareRule);
+
+        let mut ffi_rule = FFI_PhysicalOptimizerRule::new(rule, None);
+        ffi_rule.library_marker_id = crate::mock_foreign_marker_id;
+
+        let foreign_rule: Arc<dyn PhysicalOptimizerRule + Send + Sync> =
+            (&ffi_rule).into();
+
+        struct ContextWithRegistry {
+            config: ConfigOptions,
+            registry: StatisticsRegistry,
+        }
+
+        impl PhysicalOptimizerContext for ContextWithRegistry {
+            fn config_options(&self) -> &ConfigOptions {
+                &self.config
+            }
+
+            fn statistics_registry(&self) -> Option<&StatisticsRegistry> {
+                Some(&self.registry)
+            }
+        }
+
+        let ctx = ContextWithRegistry {
+            config: ConfigOptions::new(),
+            registry: StatisticsRegistry::default_with_builtin_providers(),
+        };
+
+        let plan = create_test_plan();
+        let optimized = foreign_rule.optimize_with_context(plan, &ctx)?;
+        assert_eq!(optimized.name(), "empty-exec");
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }